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Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza
bikorerwa abantu babana
n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Muri iki gice muzahugurwa ku kato n’iheza abantu babana na VIH/SIDA
bahura nabyo. Muziga icyo akato n’iheza bivuga, uburyo bigira ingaruka
ku baturage, ku bantu babana na VIH/SIDA, n’uburyo bigira ingaruka ku
bantu bose muri rusange. Muzahugurwa uburyo mushobora kurwanya no
kugabanya akato n’iheza mu baturage.
Intego
Ku musozo w’igice cya 9, muzaba muzi ibi bikurikira:
a .
b .
c .
d .
e .
f .
Gusobanura no kumenya akato n’iheza icyo ari cyo.
Kumenya impamvu zitera akato n’iheza.
Gusobanura ingaruka z’akato n’iheza.
Kwifatanya n’abantu babana na VIH bahabwa akato
bakanavangurwa.
Kumenya uko mugomba kwitwara imbere y’abantu babana na
VIH n’uruhare imyitwarire yanyu igira mu murimo wanyu.
Gukora urutonde rw’ingamba mushobora gufata ngo mugabanye
akato n’iheza bishingiye kuri VIH/SIDA mu baturage.
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Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
•
•
•
Ingingo z’ingenzi
Akato ni imyitwarire itari myiza cyangwa ibitekerezo bitari
byiza ugira ku bandi kubera ko ukeka ko utandukanye nabo
mu buryo runaka (ibyo utekereza).
Iheza ni uburyo bwo gukorera umuntu ibintu bitari byiza
kubera ko utekereza ko atandukanye nawe mu buryo runaka
(ibyo ukora).
Rimwe na rimwe ntabwo abantu bavuga, bigishwa, birinda,
cyangwa bavura VIH bitewe n’akato n’iheza.
• Abaherekeza bashobora kugabanya akato n’iheza binyuze mu
kwigisha abaturage, kuba intangarugero, gufasha abantu,
kubitaho, no kubagezaho imiti ya VIH.
• Abaherekeza bakeneye kumenya imyitwarire yabo ubwabo
n’ibyiyumvo byabo imbere y’abantu babana na VIH.
Amagambo y’ingenzi
Iheza: gufata umuntu cyangwa itsinda ry’abantu mu buryo budakwiriye
kubera ko mutandukanye mu buryo runaka
Akato: kumwazwa cyangwa gusuzugurwa bishingiye ku kintu abantu
bemera ko kitemewe cyangwa babona ko gisuzuguje mu mibereho yabo
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Ingero z’iheza
Inkuru
Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Umaze ibyumweru bitari bike ubira ibyuya byinshi nijoro kandi urwaye
n’impiswi, ariko uratinya kujya kwa muganga kubera ko bashobora
kukubwira ko waba urwaye indwara ikomeye. Nyamara, nta ntege ufite ku
buryo hashize igihe utabasha gukora none umuryango wawe ntabwo ufite
ibiwutunga. Ufashe icyemezo cyo kujya kwa muganga kwivuza kugira ngo
umere neza maze ubashe no gusubira mu mirimo yawe ya buri munsi.
Ugeze kwa muganga, urasuzumwa maze muganga akubwira ko wanduye
VIH. Ugarutse mu rugo ubwira umuryango wawe ko urwaye VIH,
birabababaje cyane ndetse bagize n’ubwoba bwo kwandura VIH. Buri wese
mu muryango wawe, harimo n’abana bawe, baragutereranye. Bagutaye mu
rugo, usigaye wenyine.
Umuryango wawe wose uragusize, abaturanyi batangiye kukuvuga.
Barimo kwibaza impamvu umuryango wawe wagutereranye – barakeka
ko hari ikintu kitagenda neza. Abaturanyi babwiye abana babo kwirinda
kwegera inzu yawe. Iyo wigendera mu nzira, nta muntu n’umwe ukureba
kandi aho unyuze hose barakuvuga. Iyo ugiye ugana umuntu, ahita
aguhunga. Ufite agahinda n’ubwigunge.
Tekereza ari wowe uvugwa muri iyi nkuru. Ibaze impamvu abaturanyi
bavugwa muri iyi nkuru batakwikoza. Ibaze impamvu bashobora kuba
barabwiye abana babo kutakwegera. Tekereza uburyo umuntu yumva
amerewe iyo afashwe muri buriya buryo.
Ibyiyumvo byo gutereranwa n’ubwigunge birasanzwe mu bantu babana na
VIH/SIDA cyangwa n’izindi ndwara.
Hari igihe nawe byaba byarakubayeho ugatereranwa kandi ukumva wigunze?
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Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Kubera iki byabayeho?
Wumvaga umerewe ute abantu bose bagutereranye usigaye uri wenyine?
Ese hari isomo waba warabikuyemo ryahinduye ubuzima bwawe mu
buryo runaka?
Ni gute ibi bifite aho bihuriye n’umurimo wawe wo kuba umuherekeza?
Kumva utereranywe cyangwa wigunze bishobora kugira ingaruka ku
mibereho yawe ndetse no ku buzima bwawe. Niyo mpamvu ugomba
kubimenya igihe umurwayi afite ibyiyumvo nk’ibyo. Abaherekeza bagomba
kubaha abarwayi kandi bakabaha agaciro. Mugomba kumenya ingaruka
gufatwa nabi n’abandi bantu bishobora kugira ku barwayi banyu.
Mugomba kwishyira mu mwanya w’abarwayi.
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Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Impamvu n’ingaruka by’akato n’iheza
Mariya
Uyu mugore ugaragara kuri iyi foto, yitwa Mariya, arimo kujya ku isoko.
Umugabo we aherutse kwisuzumisha asanga abana na VIH akaba yari
amaze igihe kinini arwaragurika. Abaturanyi bakeka ko yanduye VIH.
Murakeka bariya bantu bicaye ku ntebe bari gutekereza iki?
Kubera iki batekereza gutyo?
Murakeka Mariya ari gutekereza iki?
Murakeka Mariya yumva ameze ate muri ibi bihe?
Ibitekerezo nk’ibyo bigira izihe ngaruka ku bantu babana na VIH?
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Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Akato ni imyitwarire itari myiza cyangwa ibitekerezo bitari byiza
utekereza ku muntu kubera ko ukeka ko mutandukanye mu buryo
runaka. Akato ni ibyo utekereza ntabwo ari ibyo ukora.
Indaya, abakoresha ibiyobwabwenge, abakene, abantu bo mu madini
atandukanye, abantu batazi gusoma no kwandika bakunze guhura n’akato.
Abantu bamwe na bamwe batekereza ko abantu babana na VIH ari
abantu biyandarika kandi bagira imico mibi. Batekereza ko abantu
babana na VIH/SIDA nta gitangaje kuba bayirwaye. Batekereza ko abantu
babana na VIH/SIDA bagirana imibonano mpuzabitsina n’abantu benshi
batandukanye. Abantu bamwe na bamwe batekereza ko abantu barwaye
VIH/SIDA bakoresha ibiyobyabwenge, baca inyuma abo bashakanye, ko
bavumwe, ko ari igihano cy’Imana. Abandi bantu batekereza ko abantu
babana na VIH/SIDA ari abakene cyangwa ko badakwiriye kujya mu
ishuri no mu nsengero. Ibi byose ni akato gashingiye kuri VIH/SIDA.
Ni gute akato kagira ingaruka ku bantu babana na VIH/SIDA no ku
baturanyi babo?
Akato gashobora gutuma abantu babana na VIH/SIDA, abavandimwe babo,
n’ababitaho bumva bafite ipfunwe, ikimwaro kandi banicira urubanza.
INSHUTI MU BUZIMA Igitabo cy’Umuherekeza: Inyandiko ya kabiri y’ikinyarwanda

Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Ana
Kugira ibitekerezo bitari byiza ku matsinda y’abantu atandukanye bishobora
gutuma habaho iheza. Urugero, Ana ni umunyeshuri mu mwaka wa 4 kandi
niwe uba uwa mbere mu ishuri. Se umubyara aherutse gupfa azize SIDA
naho nyina na musaza we w’uruhinja babana na VIH.
Ni iki kigaragara kuri iyi foto?
Kubera iki bagenzi ba Ana bamufata muri buriya buryo?
Urakeka Ana yumva ameze ate?
Urakeka ari izihe ngaruka bizagira kuri Ana?
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Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Iheza ni uburyo ufata umuntu nabi cyangwa umukorera ibitari byiza kubera
ko utekereza ko atandukanye nawe mu buryo runaka. Iheza ni ibyo ukora si
ibyo utekereza.
Abantu bakorera iheza abantu babana na VIH/SIDA binyuze mu bikorwa byo
kubabwira amagambo abasesereza, kubatuka, cyangwa kubavugaho ibihuha.
Abantu bavangura ababana na VIH/SIDA binyuze mu kutabegera. Akenshi
ntabwo batuma umwana ubana na VIH/SIDA cyangwa umwana ufite
ababyeyi babana na VIH/SIDA ajya mu ishuri. Abantu bamwe na bamwe
banga kuvura abantu babana na VIH/SIDA. Abandi ntibatuma abantu
babana na VIH/SIDA bajya mu bikorwa bihuza abantu benshi by’imibanire
y’abantu nk’ubukwe cyangwa ikiriyo. Akenshi abantu banga guha akazi
abantu babana na VIH/SIDA. Abandi babakorera iheza banga kwicarana
nabo cyangwa kubakoraho.
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Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Gutinya urupfu
Ni izihe mpamvu zitera akato n’iheza bishingiye kuri VIH/SIDA?
Hari impamvu nyinshi. Zirimo kudasobanukirwa, inkuru zitari ukuri
n’ubwoba byerekeranye n’uko VIH/SIDA yandura, ubwoba bw’urupfu
n’indwara, gucira abantu urubanza bishingiye ku muco n’ibitekerezo
bidafite aho bishingiye bivugwa ku bantu babana na VIH/SIDA.
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Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Ingaruka z’akato n’iheza
Ni izihe ngaruka akato n’iheza bigira ku bantu babana na VIH/SIDA,
imiryango yabo n’abaturage muri rusange?
Hari ingaruka nyinshi. Abantu bamwe banga kwisuzumisha no kwivuza
kubera ko batinya gukorerwa akato n’iheza.
Bituma abantu batabwira abo bashakanye ko banduye VIH/SIDA kubera
gutinya guhabwa akato. Abantu bamwe na bamwe babana na VIH/SIDA
bava mu ishuri kubera gutinya guhabwa akato n’iheza. Akato n’iheza
bituma abantu babana na VIH/SIDA baba mu bwigunge n’agahinda. Akato
n’iheza bishobora kuganisha ku bikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi. Bishobora
gutuma abashakanye batandukana.
Akato n’iheza bituma ikibazo cya VIH/SIDA kirushaho gukomera.
INSHUTI MU BUZIMA Igitabo cy’Umuherekeza: Inyandiko ya kabiri y’ikinyarwanda

Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Inyungu zo kugabanya akato n’iheza
Ni izihe nyungu ziboneka mu kugabanya akato n’iheza mu bantu?
Hari inyungu nyinshi. Akato n’iheza byibasira abantu babana na VIH/
SIDA nibigabanuka, abantu benshi kurushaho bazisuzumisha VIH/SIDA.
Abantu benshi bazatinyuka kubwira abo bashakanye ko babana na VIH/
SIDA. Umubare w’abandura VIH/SIDA uzagabanuka.
Abantu babana na VIH/SIDA ntabwo bazakomeza kujya bagira agahinda
n’ubwigunge igihe akato n’iheza bakorerwa bizaba byagabanutse.
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Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Kurwanya akato n’iheza
Nk’abaherekeza, muzakorana cyane n’abantu babana na VIH/SIDA.
Mugomba kumenya imyitwarire yanyu n’imitekerereze yerekeranye na
VIH/SIDA. Birashoboka ko namwe, kimwe n’abandi bantu benshi, mwaba
mwarigeze kugira ibitekerezo cyangwa ibikorwa by’akato ku bantu babana
na VIH/SIDA mu bihe byashize.
Ni ngombwa kubimenya. Kwimenya bizatuma mubasha guhangana n’ibi
bitekerezo n’ibyiyumvo maze ntibizongere kubaho mu bihe biri imbere.
Ni mu buhe buryo wowe ku giti cyawe cyangwa undi muntu uzi yaba
yarakoreye akato cyangwa iheza umuntu ubana na VIH/SIDA?
Nk’umuherekeza, ugomba kubaha abarwayi kandi ukabaha agaciro.
Muzakora ibikorwa byo kurwanya akato n’iheza mu ngo no mu baturage
aho muzakorera.
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Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Kurwanya akato n’iheza
Ni gute wakumira akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana na VIH/SIDA
n’izindi ndwara?
•
•
•
•
•
•
Menya imyitwarire yawe ku birebana n’akato n’iheza.
Hugura abaturage b’aho utuye kuri VIH/SIDA.
Tanga ibisobanuro by’ukuri ku binyoma bivugwa kuri VIH/SIDA.
Bwira abantu ibibi by’akato n’iheza.
Ba intangarugero mu kubaha no kwita ku bantu babana na VIH.
Fasha abantu babana na VIH/SIDA kugira uruhare mu biganiro
hamwe n’abandi baturage kuri VIH/SIDA, akato n’iheza kugira
ngo barusheho gusobanukirwa.
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Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Igice cya 9, Inyigisho ya kane 4
Urugero rwo kuganiraho rwa mbere
Buri cyumweru uyu mugore ajya gusenga. Umunsi umwe yabyutse
yarembye ntiyabasha kujya gusenga. Abaturanyi be bose bakeka ko abana
na VIH. Amaherezo, yaje kujya kwa muganga maze atangira gufata imiti
ituma agarura imbaraga. Yongeye kubasha gusubira gusenga, ariko ubu
noneho iyo agiyeyo, nta n’umwe ushaka kwicara iruhande rwe. Buri wese
aramuhunga kubera ko afite VIH.
Ibibazo
1 .
2 .
3 .
4 .
5 .
Hari ikihe kibazo muri uru rugero rutanzwe?
Murakeka ari iyihe mpamvu buri muntu atinya kwicarana
n’uriya mugore?
Urakeka uriya mugore yumva ameze ate bitewe n’uko bamufata?
Ni iki wakora ngo ufashe uyu mugore?
Ni iki wakora ahangaha kugira ngo ugabanye iheza?
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Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Igice cya 9, Inyigisho ya kane 4
Urugero rwo kuganiraho rwa kabiri
Uyu mugore ari mu bitaro. Uyu muforomo yahawe inshingano zo
kumwitaho. Mu gihe yari arimo gusoma ifishi ye, uyu muforomo yaje
kumenya ko uyu mugore yanduye VIH. Umuforomo ntashaka kuvugisha
umurwayi cyangwa kumwegura igihe ashaka kubyuka. Icyo umuforomo
ari kumukorera ni ukumuha umuti gusa, ariko nabyo mbere yo
kubimukorera abanje kwambara uturinda ntoki (gants), no kwipfuka
umunwa (kwambara masque), mbere yo kumwegera.
Ibibazo
1 .
2 .
3 .
4 .
Ni ikihe kibazo mubona hano?
Ese umuforomo arimo kunena umurwayi? Mu buhe buryo?
Ese ni ngombwa ko umuforomo yambara gants na masque agiye
gutanga umuti?
VIH yandura ite?
5 . Ubonye ibi bikorewe umurwayi wawe wamusuye kwa muganga,
wakora iki?
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Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Igice cya 9, Inyigisho ya kane 4
Urugero rwo kuganiraho rwa gatatu
Uyu mugore ni umurwayi wawe. Umusura buri munsi ukamushyira
umuti. Umunsi umwe ugiye kumusura, umugabo we agushyira ku
ruhande maze akubaza impamvu umuha imiti buri munsi. Ashaka
kumenya niba umugore we afite VIH. Umubwiye ko ayifite kandi ko
akeneye imiti kugira ngo akomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza.
Umunsi ukurikiye ugarutse guha umuti wa murwayi, usanze umugabo we
arimo kumukubita. Umugabo arimo kumutonganya cyane asakuza, “Wa ndaya
we! Urwaye SIDA! Usambana n’abandi bagabo! Singushaka, singushaka!”
Ibibazo
1 .
2 .
3 .
4 .
5 .
Ni ikihe kibazo mubona hano?
Ni iki umuherekeza yari gukora igihe umugabo yamubazaga
uko umugore we ahagaze ku birebana na VIH?
Kubera iki ukeka ko umugore atigeze abwira umugabo uko
ahagaze ku birebana na VIH?
Ese urakeka koko ibi bijya bibaho mu buzima busanzwe?
Ukeka abantu batinya kwipimisha kubera ko baba banga ko
bafatwa nabi nyuma y’aho? Tanga ingero.
6 . Umuherekeza amaze kubona umugabo akubita umugore we,
yakwiye gukora iki?
INSHUTI MU BUZIMA Igitabo cy’Umuherekeza: Inyandiko ya kabiri y’ikinyarwanda

Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Inshingano z’umuherekeza
■ Guhugura abaturage kuri VIH/SIDA: uko ikwirakwira, uko
bayirinda, uko ivurwa, n’uko umuntu ubana na VIH akomeza
kugira ubuzima bwiza.
■
Menya imyitwarire yawe bwite ku birebana n’akato n’iheza.
■ Kosora inkuru zitari ukuri zivuga kuri VIH/SIDA n’ibindi
bitekerezo bitari ukuri.
■
■
Bwira abantu ingaruka z’akato n’iheza.
Ba intangarugero wubaha kandi wita ku bantu babana na VIH.
■ Fasha ababana na VIH kugira uruhare mu biganiro n’abaturage
birebana n’akato n’iheza bikomoka kuri VIH/SIDA kugira ngo
abantu barusheho kubisobanukirwa.
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Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Inyandiko n’ibibazo
INSHUTI MU BUZIMA Igitabo cy’Umuherekeza: Inyandiko ya kabiri y’ikinyarwanda

Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Inyandiko n’ibibazo
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Igice cya 9: Akato n’iheza bikorerwa abantu babana n’ubwandu bwa VIH/SIDA
Inyandiko n’ibibazo
INSHUTI MU BUZIMA Igitabo cy’Umuherekeza: Inyandiko ya kabiri y’ikinyarwanda