150 Eyidoğan, H., Jackson, J.A., 1985. A seismological study of normal faulting in the Demirci, Alaşehir and Gediz earthquakes of 1969-70 in western Turkey: implications for the nature and geometry in the continental crust. Geophys J. R. Soc. Astron. Soc., 81:569-607. Evirgen, M.M. Ataman, G., 1982. Étude de metamorphisme de la zone centrale du Massif du Menderes. Isogrades. pressions et temperature. Soc. Geol. Fr. Bull. 2, 309-319 Faust, G.T., Murata, K.J., Fahey, J.J., 1956. Relation of minor element content of serpentines to their geological origin. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 10, 316. Filiz, Ş., 1984. Investigation of the Important Geothermal Areas by Using, C, H, O Isotopes, Seminar on Utilization of Geothermal Energy for Electric Power Production and Space Heating, Florence, 25-26. Filiz, Ş., Tarcan, G., 1995. High boron content in the aquifer systems of the Gediz basin (on the Aegean region of Turkey), In: Proc. Internat. Earth Sci. Colloquium on the Aegean Region (Piskin, G., Ergün, M., Savascin, M.Y., Tarcan, G.,-eds), 681-692, İzmir. Filiz, Ş., Tarcan, G., Gemici, U., 2000. Geochemistry of the Germencik Geothermal Fields, Turkey. In: Proceedings World Geothermal Congress, Kyushu - Tohoku, Japan, 1010-1012. Floyd, P.A, Helvacı.C., Mittwede, S.K. 1998. Geochemical discrimination of volcanic rocks associated with borate deposits: an exploration tool ? Journal of Geochemical Exploration, vol.60, p.185-20 Fournier, R.O., 1979. A revised equation for the Na-K geothermometer. Geothermal Res. Council Trans., 3, 221-224. Fornier, R.O., Potter, R.W., 1979. Magmesium correction to the Na-K-Ca chemical geotermometer. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta., 43, 1543-1550. Fournier, R.O., 1990. The interpretation of Na-K-Mg relations in geothermal waters. Geoth. Res. Counc. Trans., 14, 1421-1425. Francalanci, L., Innocenti, F., Manetti, P., Savaşçın, M.Y., 2000. Neogene alkaline volcanism of the Afyon Isparta area, Turkey: petrogenesis and geodynamic implications. J. Mineral. Petrol., 70, 285-312. Frondel, C., Hurlbut C.S., Collette, R.C., 1947. Synthesis of tourmaline. Am. Mineral, 32, 680-681. Frondel, C., Collette, R.C., 1957. Synthesis of tourmaline by reaction of mineral grains with NaCl-H3BO3 solution, and its implications on rock metamorphism. Am. Mineral, 42, 754-758.
151 Fytikas M, Innocenti F, Manetti P, Mazzuoli R, Peccerillo A, Villari L. 1984. Tertiary to Quaternary evolution of volcanism in the Aegean region. In The Geol. Evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean, Dixon JE, Robertson AHF (eds). Spec. Publ., Geol. Soc. London 17, 687–699. Gallo, A., 1998. Borgehalte in der Riftzone des Büyük Menderes im Menderes- Massiv, W-Anatolien/Turkei: Unpubl. Diplom. thesis, Freie Universität Berlin, 59p. Gat, N., Gonfiantini, T., 1981. Stable isotope hydrology, deuterium and oxygen 18 in the water cycle. Technical reports series, No: 228. 151 p. Vienna. Gemici, U., Tarcan, G., 2002. Distribution of boron in thermal waters of western Anatolia, Turkey, and examples of their environmental impacts, Environmental Geology, 12, 125-132. Gessner, K., Ring, U., Lackmann, W., Passchier, C.W., Güngör, T., 1998. Structure and crustal thickening of the Menderes Massif, Southwest Turkey and consequences for large-scale correlations between Greece and Turkey. Report No:120. Giese, L., 1997. Geotechnische und umweltgeologische Aspekte bei der Förderung und Reinjektion von Thermalfluiden zur Nutzung geothermischer Energie am Beispiel des Geothermalfeldes Kizildere und des Umfeldes, W.- Anatolien/Türkei: Unpubl. Ph.D. thesis, Freie Universität Berlin, 201p. Giggenbach, W.F., 1988. Geothermal solute equilibria. Derivation of Na-K-Mg-Ca geoindicators. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 52, 2749-2765. Giggenbach, W.F., 1995. Variations in the chemical and isotopic composition of fluids discharged from the Taupo volcanic zone. New Zeland. J. Volc. Geotherm. Res., 68, 89-116. Giggenbach, W.F., Glower, R.B., 1992. Tectonic regime and major processes governing the chemistry of water and gas discharges from the rotorua geothermal field, New Zeland, Geothermics, 21 (1-2), 121-140. Gökten, E., Havzaoğlu, T., Şan, Ö., 2001. Tertiary evolution of the central Menderes Massif based on structural investigations of metamorphics and sedimentary cover rocks between Salihli and Kiraz (western Turkey), Int. J. Earth Sci., 89, 745–756. Göncüoğlu, M.C., Dirik, K., Kozur, H., 1997. General characteristics of pre-Alpine and Alpine Terranes in Turkey: explanatory notes to the terrane map of Turkey. Annales Geologique de Pays Hellenique, 37, 515-536.
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T.C. SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİ
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T. C. SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERS
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i İÇİNDEKİLER İÇİNDEKİLER .
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iii Su-kayaç etkileşimi Menderes
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v 1996). In geothermal areas of Men
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vii Yapıcı görüş ve katkılar
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ix su etkileşimi…………...…
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1. GİRİŞ 1.1. Çalışmanın Ama
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3 oluşmasına neden olmuştur. Bor
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5 yataklarında, tuzların yığı
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7 koşulları altında gelişen sil
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9 da hidrotermal akışkanlar yoluy
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11 Bor kaynağı, bor taşıyan min
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2. KAYNAK BİLGİSİ 13 Menderes Ma
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15 gnayslarda, illit-klorit-feldspa
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17 bileşenlerin girdiğini göster
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19 HCO3 - tipli jeotermal suların
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21 Karamanderesi ve Helvacı (2003)
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3. MENDERES MASİFİ KITASAL RİFT
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25 vd., 1984; Reischmann vd., 1991;
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Lütesiyen Mastrihtiyen- Erken Pale
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29 gerçekleşmiştir (Şengör ve
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31 Şekil 3.3. Batı Anadolu’da b
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33 birimler gibi Variskan Orojenezi
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35 dönüşmesinin kalk-alkalen vol
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37 vd., 1986, Smith ve Kennedy, 198
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39 Şekil 4.1. Çalışma alanında
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41 kaynakların izotop jeokimyasal
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43 duraylı izotopları ile H 3 dur
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45 Sonuç olarak; rezervuardan doğ
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47 beslenimi göstermek amacıyla k
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5. ARAŞTIRMA BULGULARI 5.1. Büyü
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51 sıcak sular için iyi bir ört
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53 alanda sığ nitelikli birinci r
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55 gnays, şist, metakuvarsit ve ş
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57 alanında jeolojik olarak ortogn
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59 Şekil 5.11. Kızıldere, Salava
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61 ayrıca Küçük Menderes kıtas
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Çizelge 5.1. İnceleme alanındaki
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72 Çizelge 5.1. (devam) 65 No Örn
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74 Çizelge 5.1. (devam) 67 No Örn
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76 Çizelge 5.1. (devam) 69 No Örn
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78 Çizelge 5.1. (devam) 71 No Örn
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73 Çizelge 5.2. Büyük Menderes k
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75 Gölemezli, Pamukkale alanların
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77 Hidrojen sülfid (HS - ) : İnce
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79 Şekil 5.13. Büyük Menderes k
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81 Li + - sıcaklık değişim diya
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83 sahaları ise düşük SO4 -2 d
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BMKRZ (Ilıcabaşı) Şekil 5.14 (d
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87 Çizelge 5.3. Büyük Menderes k
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89 Şekil 5.16. Menderes Masifi kı
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91 Germencik sahalarında kayaç-su
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93 Pamukkale jeotermal alanına met
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KMKRZ-GKRZ KMKRZ GKRZ BMKRZ (Germen
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104 Çizelge 5.5. Na + , K + , Ca +
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