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are very similar to ours, yet subtly different, in this context when we talk of different
dimensions, we are referring to the dimensions of space, as in “three-dimensional space”,
or 3D space, which may be far more familiar to you.
This is by no means trivial, though. 3D space is all around you – it is the “around you” –
and is very relevant to our topic.
Let’s begin by making sure we understand the 3 D’s, and the relationships between them
before we add a fourth D. Broadly speaking, 3D or three-dimensional space simply refers
to space that can be measured in three different, perpendicular directions.
The perpendicular nature of these dimensions is important, but we’ll get to that later.
Three-dimensional space is usually described as having height, width, and depth, and they
all have 90° angles between them.
Simply put, objects like us that exist in 3D space can move left and right, up and down,
and forwards and backwards. Here, we might need something that looks like this, except
with little 90° markers between them. Maybe have a little ball moving around in this
space: We are comfortable with this kind
of space. Using this as our basis, it becomes much easier to imagine what we mean by 2D
space, and even
1D space. To move from one space to another, all we need to do is remove or add an extra
dimension
of measurement or movement that must be at a 90° angle from all previously existing
angles. So, 2D objects can move in a plane that’s bounded by the x and y directions, or
the
x and z directions, or the y and z directions, but not all 3 at once.
1D objects can only move either along x, or y, or z.
Imagine a person who lived in such a 1D world. Their whole existence would be found
either moving one way, or the other.
All of reality would exist either to the left or to the right of them, and would appear as a
singular dot.