EN - FR - YÃ¼kselen Afrika ve TÃ¼rkiye / Rising Africa and Turkey 3

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172 Yükselen Afrika ve Türkiye / Rising Africa and Turkeycommodities is likely to evolve into the most resilient feature of what has cometo be called the “new geography of trade”.A quick scanning of Turkey’s foreign trade data reveals an increasingtrend in the share of overall exports and imports from sub-Saharan Africa reflectingthe recent trend of improvement in the South – South trade as reportedby the UNCTAD 2005 Trade Report.During 2000 - 2004 period Turkey’s total exports increased by 44% from$27,775 bn to $63,075 bn (estimate). Turkey’s overall exports to Africa (NorthAfrica and sub-Saharan Africa) increased by 46% reflecting a faster growththan overall export growth. Exports to the African continent increased from$1,372 bn to nearly $3 bn in four years. In terms of export composition Turkishexports mainly consisted of manufactured goods and processed food.Table 1. Exports by group of countries ($ Million)*EstimateSource: State Statistics Institute (D‹E), 2004, p. 284.The above table 1 indicates that sub-Saharan Africa’s importance as destinationfor the Turkish products is rising faster than the North African markets.Although exports to the continent makes approximately 5% of total Turkishexports, the growth rate of trade volumes, the recently signed bilateral tradeagreements and favorable global trends are set to improve importance ofAfrican markets for Turkey’s exports.Turkey’s imports from the African continent is larger than her exports. In2000, Turkey imported $2,714 bn. worth of goods and services from the Africancontinent that made 5% of total Turkish imports. In 2004, as Turkish importsgrew by 55% to $97,362 bn from its 2000 level of $54,503 bn, importsfrom the African continent remained at 5% reflected a figure of $4,782 bn reflectinga dramatic rise in the amounts involved.
The New Turkish-African Economic Relations 173Table 2. Imports by country groups ($ Million)* EstimateSource: State Statistical Institute (D‹E), 2004, p. 285.Table 2 above shows that Turkey’s imports from the African continentduring 2000 – 2004 period increased by 56% reflecting a faster growth ratethan overall imports. In terms of composition of imports, Turkey mainly boughtraw materials and primary products from Africa. This trend is also in linewith the rise of demand for African products by developing countries withmanufacturing industries. As such mutual welfare and income affects of termsof trade with Africa can be expected to be more beneficial when compared tothe trade affects of developed parts of the world.When we turn to trade figures from Africa as a whole, it is possible to detectexpansion in export volumes during 1990s, at a pace not seen since the late1960s. According to UNCTAD (2005) report, terms of trade for some of theAfrican countries has improved especially due to the higher prices of oil, andmineral and mining products. In some countries in Africa, the positive effectof price movements on the purchasing power of exports was reinforced by anincrease in export volumes. Export diversification in Africa was slow and thepurchasing power of Africa’s exports recovered to its level of 1980, in 1996.Since 2000, Africa’s terms of trade have risen more than those of the other regionsas a result of higher demand from the fast growing Asian developing countriesfor certain primary commodities. Between 1999 and 2004, changes inthe international prices of these commodities have resulted in an improvementof about 30% in Africa’s terms of trade, compared to some 8% for Latin America,and a decline of 11% for East and South Asia 2 .Despite Africa’s positive stance, UNCTAD (2005, p. 94) report states that“the region remains more vulnerable than any other region to a deceleration ofglobal demand,… the recent positive evolution in Africa’s terms of trade
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2. Oturum21. Yüzy›lda AfrikaOtur
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Afrika’ya Genel Bir Bak›flH›f
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Afrika’ya Genel Bir Bak›fl 113
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11 Eylül, Dünya Siyaseti ve Afrik
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EN - FR - YÃ¼kselen Afrika ve TÃ¼rkiye / Rising Africa and Turkey 3

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