EN - FR - YÃ¼kselen Afrika ve TÃ¼rkiye / Rising Africa and Turkey 3

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214 Yükselen Afrika ve Türkiye / Rising Africa and TurkeyTable 2. Aid flows by region, 2001Source: World Bank, 2002.ODA can help fill resource gaps and ensure that, after recurrent expenditures,more resources are available for development.Aid has worked in Europe with the Marshall Plan, and has also workedin countries as diverse as Botswana and the Republic of Korea, with GDP percapita growth of 5-6% a year between 1975 and 2000. Aid is valued not onlyfor the funds it provides, but also for the additional benefits to the receivingcountry, such as new ideas, knowledge and expertise. While a number of countriesthat were once dependent on aid now essentially do without it, such asBotswana and the Republic of Korea, a far greater number are more dependantthan ever. The analysis implies aid should be better targeted to help the developmentof the most needy countries and reduce aid dependency.ODA to Africa in 2002 reached $22.23 billion. Preliminary data showthat OECD/DAC countries increased their ODA by 3.9% in real terms
The Role and Effeciency of Foreign Aid in Africa’s Development 215between 2002 and 2003. Using that growth rate to estimate ODA into Africawould yield an ODA flow of approximately $23.09 billion for 2003.Bothbefore and since the international Conference on Financing for Development,held in Monterrey Mexico in 2002, several studies have shown that Africa willneed about half of the estimated $50 billion of additional ODA, over 2001ODA level, required to achieve the MDGs by 2015. These studies did notexplicitly incorporate the cost of building economic infrastructure needed.Moreover African countries remain burdened by the issue of improving aideffectiveness and harmonization and simplification of the complex reporting,administrative and financial procedures as required by donors, as exemplifiesby the Rome Declaration on Harmonization.The need for policy coherence in international assistance to Africa ishighlighted by lack of complementarities in debt, aid and trade policiestowards Africa. For example, period stretching back more than 20 years ODAto Africa has been almost offset by debt service. See Table 3 below:Table 3. Net ODA flows to and debt service 1 of Africa1990 1995 2000 2001 2002Net ODA flows to Africa 2(billions of US$) 25.56 21.96 15.78 16.63 22.23Debt service of Africa on long-term debt 3(billions of US$) 22.00 20.30 20.00 19.00 17.60(including private non-guaranteed debt) 23.02 22.24 22.14 21.39 21.93Annex to the UN General Assembly report A/59/206Sources: OECD/Development Assistance Committee Statistics andMonitoring DivisionThis refers to debt service of Africa on long-term (public, private guaranteedand private non-guaranteed) debt.2OECD/DAC Statistics and Monitoring Division indicates that theLibyan Arab Jamahiriya progressed from part I to part II of the DAC list on 1January 2000. This means that as of that date the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya iseligible to receive official aid and not ODA.3UNCTAD, based on calculations from World Bank Data.
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2. Oturum21. Yüzy›lda AfrikaOtur
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Afrika’ya Genel Bir Bak›flH›f
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Afrika’ya Genel Bir Bak›fl 113
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11 Eylül, Dünya Siyaseti ve Afrik
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Afrika Birli¤i ve Libya’n›n Af
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Yeni Türk-Afrika Ekonomik ‹liflk
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EN - FR - YÃ¼kselen Afrika ve TÃ¼rkiye / Rising Africa and Turkey 3

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