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ealize various plans at many levels, as well as numerous sections. A new method of
architectural survey has thus been conceived, whereby the object is considered as a
composite of tri-dimensional units interconnected so as to allow for the reconstruction
of the entire building.
The arches are divided from the vaults which spring from them. Various interconnected
units are thereby obtained. The tri-dimensional architectural survey thus consists
in defining the 3D coordinates of everything which is necessary for the geometric
representation of the actual state of conservation of the various constituent parts of the
monument.
This procedure has been made possible by the use of computers in the field of
surveying. Common points, the so-called connecting points, have been identified, for
the purpose of their subsequent re-conjunction. Here also we have preferred to use the
corners of surrounding buildings rather than the usual nails of reference on the ground,
for these latter could easily be lost in such an open and exposed space. This new method
of architectural survey yields a very good representation of the object, but at the
same time it presents difficulties in the choice of software. As regards planning, software
has reached a high grade of versatility. For example, since not all the points of an
arch fall on a plane, this causes difficulties in representing the object. This was solved
by creating lines which by-pass oblique planes, so as to define the surface of the deformed
lines. Photo-planes were also superimposed using the same points of reference
of the survey. When it was not possible to survey them, the surfaces were reconstructed
as deriving from pure geometrical figures.
The realization of the tri-dimensional model brought also to the identification of
a building problem, connected with the insertion of the barrel vaults onto the relieving
arches. Collapses and re-makings of the vaults in correspondence with the keys of the
arches denounces the charging of the vaults directly onto the brackets formed by the
constantly increased thickness of the arches. The brackets could not resist to the charge
and often collapsed together with the vaults 14 (Table: 6).
Finally, the state of decay of the sea-walls has to be thoroughly analyzed by
mapping the decay of all kinds of material composing the actual construction. Upon the
basis of the survey drawings resulted from the previous missions, we aimed at identifying
and characterizing each kind of decay accordingly with the wall structure, so to allow
for a sound project of structural consolidation. Each kind of decay is defined in its
layer by a coloured symbology. The areas where it is possible to observe the erosion
for the bricks or the soft sandstones; the partial or total gaps in the brick or stone surface;
the gaps and the structural discontinuity; the stone blocks, if strained, damaged,
cracked or to be re-located: can thus be identified.
14 P. Palka "Il Rilievo di Architettura e L'Archiviazione dei Dati, nell'era di Internet" IX Congresso Internazionale di Ingegneria
Grafica, Bilbao (Spagna), 4,5 e 6 giugno 1997, Bilbao 1997, pp. 552-570; idem "Il metodo delle rette sghembe"
Atti dell'Incontro di Studio Algoritmi e procedure informatiche per il rilievo d'architettura, Pescara, 28 Aprile 1997,
"Contributi", 4, Pescara 1997, pp. 9-12; idem "Dalle coordinate spaziali dei punti al rilievo tridimensionale" Atti dell'Incontro
di Studio Algoritmi e procedure informatiche per il rilievo d'architettura, Pescara, 28 Aprile 1997, "Contributi",4,
Pescara 1997, pp. 103-106; idem "Considerazioni sui nuovi metodi di rilievo nell'architettura" "Disegnare", VIII, n° 14,
giugno 1997, pp. 59-62.
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