(123-132) Ekrem ATAKAN, Sibel UYGUR

Turk entomol derg, 2004, 28 (2): 123-132
ISSN 1010-6960
Bazi trips turleri ve predatorlerinin yabanci otlar
uzerinde mevsimsel yogunluklan
Ekrem ATAKAN*
Summary
Sibel UYGUR*
Seasonal abundance of the some thrips species and their predators on weeds
The seasonal abundance of some thrips and their predators on weeds were
investigated in Balcah location of Adana province, Turkey in 2001 and 2002,
Thrips species were collected from weeds adjacent to some field crops, vegetables
and orchards at the period between January and September in Research and
Implementation Area of Agricultural Faculty University of Cukurova. Five plants from each
weed species were randomly selected and five flowers or inflorescences with 5 em long of
each five plants were randomly tapped together into white container for 15 sec, Washing
method was used to remove remained thrips in flowers or inflorescences in laboratory
A total of 2,901 adult thrips and 1,287 predatory insects were collected from 857
samples in both years, In this study, 47 weed species were sampled, Frankliniella
occ!dentalis (pergande), F, intonsa (Trybom), Thrips tabac! Lindeman (Thysanoptera:
Thripidae), Aeolothrips spp (A. collaris Priesner and A, intermedius Bagnall)
(Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) and Orius spp. (0. niger Wolff and O. laevigatus
(Fieber)) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) were collected from flowers of 43, 7, 37, 33 and 32
weed species sampled, respectively, Frankliniella thrips species were more abundant on
yellow and multiflowered weed species
The population densities of F. occ!dentalis and T. tabac! on weeds were low during the
winter and then increased to high levels in the spring months, Numbers of both thrips species
on weeds were scarce in summer months in both years, The first adults of F. intonsa were
found on weeds in the May, F. intonsa were mostly collected from a few
* Cukurova Universitesi, Ziraat Fakultesi, Bitki Koruma Bolumu. Adana
e-postc: eatakan@mail cu edu tr
Ahms (Received): 26 042004
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Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam., Anthemis arvensis L., Daucus carota L., Malva
sylvestris L., Melilotus officinalis (L.) Desr, Octodium eagyptiacum (L.) DC.
ve Sinapis arvensis L. uzcrinden toplanrmstir. Aeolothrips spp., c;ogunlukla A.
visnaga, Echium plantagineum L.; Orius spp., E. plantagineum, Menta
aquatica L. ve S. arvensis uzerinde bulunmustur (Cizclge 1).
F. occidentalis, 2001 yrlmda agustos ve eylul aylannda en yuksek oranda
toplanrrusnr (C;:izelge 2). Bu zararh 2002 yilmda nisan ve rnayis aylannda % 60,
haziran-eylul donemlerinda ise % 70 uzerindeki bulunma oranlan ile en yaygm tur
olmustur (Cizelqe 3). F. intonsa her iki yilda coqunlukla agustos ve eylul aylannda
dusuk oranlarda bulunmustur (Cizelqe 2 ve 3). T. tabaci, 2001 yihnda, yabanci
ollar uzerinde en yaygm tur olrnus, ocak - temmuz aylan erasmda olan donernde
bitkiler uzerinden oldukca yuksek oranlarda toplanrmstir (Clzelge 2). Bu tur 2002
yilmda sadece mart ve haziran aylannda diger turlcre gore daha yuksek oranlarda
bulunrnustur (Cizelqe 3). Predator turlerden Aeolothrips spp. her iki yilda
ilkbaharda ve haziran aymda yuksek oranda (% SO'nin uzerinde) toplanrrns, yaz
ortasmda ve quz aylannda bulunarnarms veya bulunrna oranlan cok dusuk
olrnustur (Cizelge 2 ve 3). Orius spp. ocak-mart ve tcmmuz-cylul doncmlerinde
esas predator bocek turu olmustur (Cizclce 2 ve 3).

C;izelge 1'In devarru
Tiirismi
He/iotropium hirsutissimum Grau Deced
Hypericum perforatum L
Isatistinctoria L
Lamium amplexicaule L.
Lapsana communis L
Matuo sylvestris L
Matricariachamomi/la L.
Melilotus alba Desr,
Melilotus officinalis (L ) Desr.
Medicago arborea L
Medicago polymorpha L
Mentha aquatica L
Ochtodium aegyptiacum (L ) DC
Onosis viSCOSQ L
Polygonum persicaria L.
Portulaca o/eracea L
Raphanus raphanistrum L.
Reseda lutea L
Salvia honninum L
Senecio vernalis Waldst and Kit
Sinapis arvensis L
Trifolium repens L
Trifolium purpureum Lois
Vida sativa L
Turkce ismi
Kliit bozot
San kantaron
Yabani civit otu
Ballibaba
Tavsen salatast
Yabani ebegGrneci
Hakiki papatya
Aktas yoncasi
Kokulu san yonca
Aqacimsr yonca
Adi yabani yanca
Su nanesi
Misrr hardah
Yaptskan okuz caru
Kirrruzi ayakh kara bugday
Semiz otu
Yabani turp
Muhabbet

1999). Tunc (1992), F. tntonsa'nm ocak aYI dismda yll boyunca Antalya ilinde
bulunduqunu bildirmistir.
Cizelqe2 Balcah'da 2001 yl1mdayabancr otlar uzerinden ocak ve eylUlaylan arasmda toplanan trips ve
predator turlerin kompozisyonlannda aylara gore gorGlen degi§imler
Trips turleri" Predator turler"
Aylar Franklin/ella Franklin/ella Thr/ps tabacl Aealathr/ps Or/usspp.
accldentalls Intonsa spp.
Ocak 0.02 0.00 0.98 0.00 100
Subat 003 000 0.97 000 100
Mart 001 000 0.99 0.00 1.00
Nisan 0.D7 0.00 093 0.83 0.17
Mayis 0.09 0.00 0.91 0.86 0.14
Haziran 031 0.00 069 080 0.20
Temmuz 0.16 0.00 0.84 0.57 0.43
Agustos 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 096
EylUl 0.93 002 0.05 0.00 1.00
• Trips ve predator turlerin oranlan (%)
(izelge 3. Balcah'da 2002 Yllmdayabanci otlar uzerinden ocak ve eylul aylan arasmda toplanan trips ve
predator turlerin kompozisyonlannda aylara gore gorGlen degi§imler
Trips turleri" Predatorturler"
Aylar Franklin/ella Franklin/ella
Aealathr/ps Or/us spp.
Thrips tabacl
accldentalls lntonsa spp.
Ocak 100 000 0.00 0.00 0.00
Subat 1.00 000 0.00 0.00 0.00
Mart 0.40 0.00 0.60 0.46 0.54
Nisan 0.66 0.00 0.34 0.95 0.05
Mavis 063 0.02 0.35 0.97 0.03
Haziran 0.25 0.01 0.74 0.91 0.09
Temmuz 0.70 002 0.28 0.28 0.72
Agustos 078 0.20 002 000 100
Eylul 0.73 027 000 0.01 0.99
• Trips ve predator turlerin oranlan (%)
F. tntonsa dismda diger iki trips turu, nisan-haziran aylan arasmdaki donern-de
cok saytda toplenrmslardir. Ilkbaharda C:;ic:;ekli yabancr ot turu sayrsindaki ve yogunluklanndaki
artis, trips turlerinin yogunlugunu ve yaygmhklanm da olumlu etkilemis,
her iki tur cok sayida yabanci ot turu uzerinden toplanrmsnr. F. occidentalts ilkbaharda
cicekleri bol ve san renkli yabancr otlarda toplamrken, T. tabaci c:;agunlukla
haziran aymda beyaz renkli c:;ic:;ekleri alan yabanci otlar uzerlnde daha cok
129

ulunmustur, Yudin et al. (1988), Frankliniella cinsine bagh turlerin cicekli ya­
benet ollar uzerinde ciccksiz olanlara gore daha fazla tcplandiqim; san renkli ciceklere
sahip yabanci ollann F. occidentalis'i daha cok cezbettiqini bildirmislerdir.
Her iki trips turunun populasyonlannm yaz aylannda belirgin olarak azalmasmda,
cicakli yabancr ot tur sayisi ve yogunluklannm ezalrnasi etkili olabilir. Bazi arastmcilar,
tripslerin disandaki kaynaklardan kultur bitkilerine go

enkli kuvat ic;erisine 15 saniye sureyle silkelenmistir. Cicek veya cicek kurneleri, uzerlerinde
trips kalma olaslllgi nedeniyle laboratuvarda yrkarne islernine tabii tutulmustur.
Her iki yilda 857 ornekten toplam 2901 ergin trips, 1287 adet ergin predator bocek
toplanrrustrr. Bu cahsmada topJam 47 yabanci ot turu orneklenmistir. Franklin/ella
occldentalis (Pergande) 43, F. /ntonsa (Trybom) 7, Thr/ps tabacl Lindeman
(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) 37, Aeolothrlps spp, (A. collarls Priesner ve A. Intermedius
Bagnall) (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) 33 ve Or/us spp (0. niger Wolff ve O.
lav/egatus (Fieber}) (Heteroptera: Anthocoridae) 32 yabancr ot turu uzerinden toplanmistir.
Franklin/ella turleri san renkJi ve bol cicekli yabancr ot turleri Lizerinden cok sayrda top­
Ianrrustrr.
F. occldentalis ve T. tabacl kl§ aylannda yabancl otlardan dusuk sayilarda
toplanmis, i1kbaharda populasyonlan beJirgin olarak artrrustrr. Her iki trips turu, yaz aylannda
yabancl otlar uzerinde cok az sayIda bulunmustur, F. /ntonsa'mn ilk erginleri mayis aymda
bulunmustur ve c;ogunlukla agustos ve eylul aymda birkac vabancr ot turu uzerinden
toplanrmstir. Aeolothr/ps spp. trips turleri i1e birJikte bulunrnustur ve her iki Yllda haziran
aymda en yuksek populasyon yogunJukJanna ulasrmslardir. Polifag predatorlerdcn Or/us
spp. zararh trips turlerinin bulunduqu donernde daha az sayida toplanrmsttr. Or/us spp.
populasyonu c;ogunlukla yaz aylannda bir cok yabancr ot turu uzerinden toplanrmstir.
T. tabacl 2001 yrlmda baskin trips Wru olrnustur. F. occ/dentalls 2002 mart ve
haziran aYI dismda % 70' in uzerinde bulunma oram i1e en yaygm tur olmustur,
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