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Nar Taylor dopte sin sammanfattning av flera decenniers<br />

metodiskt utvecklingsarbete pi arbetslivets omride till The<br />

Principles of Scientific Management, si kan det ha varit si att han<br />

mer eller mindre medvetet anknot till den klassiska vetenskaps-<br />

traditionen. Pi det engelsksprikiga omridet finner man titlar<br />

som Essays on the Principles ofMorality and Natural Religion (Henry<br />

Home, Lord Kames, 1751). The Principles ofMoral and Political<br />

Philosophy (William Paley, 1785) och inte minst AnIntroduction to<br />

the Principles of Morals and Legislation (Jeremy Bentham, 1789).<br />

Utilitarismens grundare framfor andra, Jeremy Bentham, fore-<br />

slog att moralvetenskapen (moral science) nodvandigtvis bygger<br />

pi en princip som varken kan eller behover bevisas, namligen<br />

nyttoprincipen. Denna den mest fundamentals av alla moralens<br />

satser lyder med Benthams egen formulering silunda:<br />

By the principle of utility is meant that principle which approves or<br />

disapproves of every action whatsoever, according to the tendency<br />

which it appears to have to augment or diminish the happiness of the<br />

party whose interest is in question; or, what is the same thing in<br />

other words, to promote or to oppose that happiness. I say of every<br />

action whatsoever; and therefore not only of every action of a priva-<br />

te individual, but of every measure of government.<br />

Tesen att handlingars moraliska varde uteslutande beror p5 den<br />

nytta eller lycka som de sannolikt leder till pi ling sikt for alla<br />

berorda Darter ar karnan i den utilitaristiska traditionen som i<br />

olika tappningar i stor utstrackning har praglat bide moralfilo-<br />

sofin och samhallsvetenskaperna pi 1800-talet och 1900-talet.<br />

Gir man till det forsta kapitlet i The Principles of Scientific<br />

Management med Bentham et consortes i bakhuvudet, kan man<br />

inte undgi att fornimma att Taylors och Benthams formulering-<br />

ar ar samma andas barn. Den mest grundlaggande principen i<br />

Taylors vetenskapliga organisationslara presenteras pi foljande<br />

vis i borjan av kapitel I:<br />

The principal object of management should be to secure the maxi-<br />

mum prosperity for the employer, coupled with the maximum pro-<br />

sperity for each employb.<br />

TORE NORDENSTAM

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