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IMPLICAŢII NEUROPSIHOENDOCRINE<br />

ÎN DEPRESIE – ACTUALITĂŢI<br />

G. Bă<strong>de</strong>scu, I. Udriştoiu, Oana Mihăilă<br />

Clinica Universitară <strong>de</strong> Psihiatrie Craiova<br />

Rezumat<br />

Pe lângă prezenţa simptomelor psihiatrice în suferinţele endocrine, s-a <strong>de</strong>monstrat<br />

implicarea hormonală în manifestări sau chiar boli psihice, ca şi influenţa<br />

psihologică sau psihiatrică asupra funcţionării glan<strong>de</strong>lor endocrine.<br />

Una din <strong>de</strong>scoperirile importante din psihiatria biologică a fost hiperactivitatea axei<br />

HPA la pacienţi cu tulburare <strong>de</strong>presivă majoră, corelată direct cu severitatea<br />

<strong>de</strong>presiei. S-a constatat asocierea <strong>de</strong>presiei cu un volum hipocampic redus, probabil<br />

prin atr<strong>of</strong>ia neuronală indusă <strong>de</strong> glucocorticoizi. Şi disfuncţia HPT este implicată în<br />

patogenia <strong>de</strong>presiei. Aproximativ 25 % din pacienţii cu tulburare <strong>de</strong>presivă majoră<br />

au un răspuns slab al TSH la stimularea cu TRH, apărut probabil ca urmare a<br />

interacţiunii reciproce dintre axa HPT şi sistemele <strong>de</strong> neurotransmisie, în special cel<br />

serotoninergic. Axa HPG este implicată în <strong>de</strong>presia post-partum şi simptomele<br />

<strong>de</strong>presive din perimenopauză.<br />

Implicaţiile neuroendocrine în <strong>de</strong>presie sunt multiple şi impun cercetări ulterioare<br />

pentru elucidarea lor şi <strong>de</strong>zvoltarea unor strategii terapeutice cu eficienţă superioară.<br />

Cuvinte cheie: neuropsihoendocrinologie, <strong>de</strong>presie, neurotransmiţători.<br />

NEUROPSYCHOENDOCRINE IMPLICATIONS<br />

IN DEPRESSION – REVIEW<br />

Abstract<br />

Next to the psychiatric symptoms in endocrine disor<strong>de</strong>rs, the hormonal involvement<br />

in psychiatric disor<strong>de</strong>rs and the psychological-psychiatric influence on the endocrine<br />

system have been <strong>de</strong>monstrated.<br />

One <strong>of</strong> the most important discoveries in biological psychiatry is the hyperactivity <strong>of</strong><br />

HPA axis in patients with major <strong>de</strong>pressive disor<strong>de</strong>r, proportional with the severity <strong>of</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>pression. Depression associates a reduced hippocampal volume, probably through<br />

the corticosteroid-induced neuronal atrophy. The HPT axis dysfunction is also<br />

involved in the pathogenesis <strong>of</strong> <strong>de</strong>pression. About a quarter <strong>of</strong> the patients with major<br />

<strong>de</strong>pressive disor<strong>de</strong>r have a blunted TSH response when stimulated with TRH. This is<br />

probably a consequence <strong>of</strong> the mutual interactions between the HPT axis and the<br />

neurotransmitter pathways, particularly the serotoninic one. The HPG axis is involved<br />

in the postpartum <strong>de</strong>pression and the <strong>de</strong>pressive symptoms <strong>of</strong> perimenopause.<br />

The neuroendocrine implications in <strong>de</strong>pression are numerous, requiring further<br />

research for clarifying them and <strong>de</strong>veloping therapeutic strategies with superior<br />

efficacy.<br />

Key words: neuropsychoendocrinology, <strong>de</strong>pression, neurotransmitters.<br />

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