Practical_Antenna_Handbook_0071639586
I n d e x 761 standing waves: on antennas, 97, 98–104 current maxima and minima, 100 current reversal every Âhalf-Âwavelength, 104 measurement of, 603–615 on a rope, 121–122 on transmission lines, 123–124, 131–133 voltage maxima and minima, 100 station grounding, 690–691 station RF interconnections, 587–588 steady-Âstate ac response, transmission lines, 131–133 steerable notch Beverage antennas, 340–341 step-Âfunction response, transmission lines, 121–131 stepped-Âdiameter (taper) algorithms, 292–293, 554–555 storms, ionospheric, 58 stratosphere, 20–22 Straw, R. Dean, N6BV, 78 stripline (or microstripline), 63, 64, 66–67, 113 stub matching systems, 140–142, 285, 444–445 Smith chart solutions, 579–582 subdivisions, 363, subrefraction, 40 suburban lot installation plan, 626–628 sudden ionospheric disturbances (SIDs), 57–58 summation interferometer array antenna, 508–509 sunspots, 49–52, 56–57 A-Âindex, 50 cycles, 49–52 K-Âindex, 50 solar flux index (SFI), 50 sunspot number (SSN), 49, 57 variation, 49–52 superposition, 81, 124, 150, 162, 163–164 superrefraction, 39 support posts, 645–651 supports, 625–651 project preparation, 626–627 safety, 625–628 vertical antenna installation, 645–651 wire antenna construction and installation, 628–645 (See also towers) surface waves, 36–38 wave-Âangle tilt, 37 surge impedance (See characteristic impedance) susceptance, 142 Smith chart, 117 switched-Âpattern RDF antenna, 528–529 SWR (See voltage standing wave ratio) SWR analyzer, 614–615 T T-Âantenna, 419–423 tangent (See sine waves) tangent function, 719 tapped balun, 540–541 telegraphy, 4 wireless, 4 telescoping mast, 396–397 television and scanner VHF/UHF antennas, 196–197, 679 temporary antennas, 389–398 temporary mast mount, 397–398 terminated longwire antennas, 256–262 terminations for microwave waveguides (See waveguides) terrain analysis, 78–79 Tesla, Nikolai, 3 testing and troubleshooting, 587–622 dip oscillator, 598–600 measuring traps, 599–600 measuring tuned circuits, 597–598 documenting antenna and transmission line performance, 622 dummy load, 619–621 field strength meter, 600–602 impedance bridge, 590–592 RF interconnections, 587–588 RF noise bridge, 592–598 measuring capacitors, 598 measuring feedpoint impedance, 594–596 measuring inductors, 598 measuring tuned circuits, 597–598 standing wave ratio (SWR) overview, 588–590 RF wattmeter and SWR meter, 602–617 bridge methods, 605–607 current transformer, 608–612 micromatch, 606–607 Model 43 Thruline, 608, 612 monomatch, 607 thermocouple RF ammeter, 603, 604
762 I n d e x testing and troubleshooting (Cont.): SWR analyzer, 612–615 measuring coaxial cable, 615–617 vector network analyzer (VNA), 617–618 time-Âdomain reflectometer (TDR) mode, 618 transmission line velocity factor (v F ), 596–597 thermal agitation noise, 491–492 three-Âdimensional pattern, dipole, 97–98 tilt angle (rhombic), 261–262 tilt angle (surface wave), 37 time difference of arrival (TDOA) array, 525–527 time domain reflectometry (TDR), 127–131 (see also transmission lines) T-Âmatch (See also Âgamma-Âmatch feed system), 285 topband (160-m band), 401 top-Âloaded mobile antenna, 379–380 topographic map, 515 toroid cores and transformers (See balun) tower lighting, 700 tower ordinances, 701–702 tower proximity to airport, 700 tower regulations, 700–703 towers, 653–681 base, 656, 669–671 drainage, 670–671 grounding (Ufer), 671 reinforcing rods (rebar), 671 bracketed, 663–664 forces on support wall, 664 building codes, 660, 669, 681 cherry-Âpicker, 676 compressive forces in tower legs, 659–660 concrete, 669–671 cure time, 671 cost, 654, 655, 667 crane, 676 crank-Âup, 655, 665–667 motorized, 666 safety bars, 666–667 deadweight, 655 design constraints, 655–663 documents, 681 equivalent projected (surface) area, 657 erecting, 675–677 force balance (equilibrium), 662, 674 freestanding, 655, 659, 663 towers (Cont.): frost line, 670–671 galvanizing, 681 gin pole, 675–676 guy anchors, 661–662, 671–673 holding power, 672, screw anchors, 672–673 types, 672 guyed, 655, 660–663 guy station, 663, 676 guy wires, 660–663, 673–674, 676, acceptable materials, 663, 674 insulators, 674 securing, 674 temporary, 676 tension components, 661–662, 674 tensioning tools, 673–674 turnbuckles, 673 hardware, 681 height factors, 653–655 helicopter, 676 masts, 662 noise and vibration, 663–664 overturning moment, 656 pedestal, 669–671 preowned, 668, 681 professional engineer (licensed), 660, 663, 681 raising, 675–677 riggers, 667, 677 rooftop, 654, 663 rotating poles, 655, 669–670 rotator (see rotators) safety, 625–628, 653, 660, 662, 665, 666–667, 670, 672, 675, 676, 677, 681 self-Âsupporting, 660, 667–669 shunt feeding, 406–412, 674 side-Âmounts, 662 tapered, 660 TIA-222, 657, 658, 681 tripod, 654 types, 655 wind force (load) due to, 656–660 pressure, 657 speed, 657, 659 zones, 663 transatlantic tests, 45 transducer, 81 transmatch circuits, 538–539
- Page 732 and 733: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
- Page 734 and 735: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
- Page 736 and 737: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
- Page 738 and 739: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
- Page 740 and 741: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
- Page 742 and 743: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
- Page 744 and 745: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
- Page 746 and 747: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
- Page 748 and 749: Appendix B Suppliers and Other Reso
- Page 750 and 751: A p p e n d i x B : S u p p l i e r
- Page 752 and 753: A p p e n d i x B : S u p p l i e r
- Page 754 and 755: A p p e n d i x B : S u p p l i e r
- Page 756 and 757: A p p e n d i x B : S u p p l i e r
- Page 758 and 759: A p p e n d i x B : S u p p l i e r
- Page 760 and 761: B.1.6 Rotators and Controllers Alfa
- Page 762 and 763: A p p e n d i x B : S u p p l i e r
- Page 764 and 765: A p p e n d i x B : S u p p l i e r
- Page 766 and 767: Index Note: Boldface numbers denote
- Page 768 and 769: I n d e x 747 Binns, Jack, first ma
- Page 770 and 771: I n d e x 749 dipole (Cont.): slopi
- Page 772 and 773: I n d e x 751 grounding and ground
- Page 774 and 775: I n d e x 753 ionospheric propagati
- Page 776 and 777: I n d e x 755 maximum effective len
- Page 778 and 779: I n d e x 757 noise (Cont.): sky no
- Page 780 and 781: I n d e x 759 reactance: cancellati
- Page 784 and 785: I n d e x 763 transmission lines, 1
- Page 786 and 787: I n d e x 765 vertically polarized
- Page 788: I n d e x 767 Yagi antennas (Cont.)
762 I n d e x<br />
testing and troubleshooting (Cont.):<br />
SWR analyzer, 612–615<br />
measuring coaxial cable, 615–617<br />
vector network analyzer (VNA),<br />
617–618<br />
time-Âdomain reflectometer (TDR) mode,<br />
618<br />
transmission line velocity factor (v F ),<br />
596–597<br />
thermal agitation noise, 491–492<br />
three-Âdimensional pattern, dipole, 97–98<br />
tilt angle (rhombic), 261–262<br />
tilt angle (surface wave), 37<br />
time difference of arrival (TDOA) array, 525–527<br />
time domain reflectometry (TDR), 127–131<br />
(see also transmission lines)<br />
T-Âmatch (See also Âgamma-Âmatch feed system),<br />
285<br />
topband (160-m band), 401<br />
top-Âloaded mobile antenna, 379–380<br />
topographic map, 515<br />
toroid cores and transformers (See balun)<br />
tower lighting, 700<br />
tower ordinances, 701–702<br />
tower proximity to airport, 700<br />
tower regulations, 700–703<br />
towers, 653–681<br />
base, 656, 669–671<br />
drainage, 670–671<br />
grounding (Ufer), 671<br />
reinforcing rods (rebar), 671<br />
bracketed, 663–664<br />
forces on support wall, 664<br />
building codes, 660, 669, 681<br />
cherry-Âpicker, 676<br />
compressive forces in tower legs, 659–660<br />
concrete, 669–671<br />
cure time, 671<br />
cost, 654, 655, 667<br />
crane, 676<br />
crank-Âup, 655, 665–667<br />
motorized, 666<br />
safety bars, 666–667<br />
deadweight, 655<br />
design constraints, 655–663<br />
documents, 681<br />
equivalent projected (surface) area, 657<br />
erecting, 675–677<br />
force balance (equilibrium), 662, 674<br />
freestanding, 655, 659, 663<br />
towers (Cont.):<br />
frost line, 670–671<br />
galvanizing, 681<br />
gin pole, 675–676<br />
guy anchors, 661–662, 671–673<br />
holding power, 672,<br />
screw anchors, 672–673<br />
types, 672<br />
guyed, 655, 660–663<br />
guy station, 663, 676<br />
guy wires, 660–663, 673–674, 676,<br />
acceptable materials, 663, 674<br />
insulators, 674<br />
securing, 674<br />
temporary, 676<br />
tension components, 661–662, 674<br />
tensioning tools, 673–674<br />
turnbuckles, 673<br />
hardware, 681<br />
height factors, 653–655<br />
helicopter, 676<br />
masts, 662<br />
noise and vibration, 663–664<br />
overturning moment, 656<br />
pedestal, 669–671<br />
preowned, 668, 681<br />
professional engineer (licensed), 660,<br />
663, 681<br />
raising, 675–677<br />
riggers, 667, 677<br />
rooftop, 654, 663<br />
rotating poles, 655, 669–670<br />
rotator (see rotators)<br />
safety, 625–628, 653, 660, 662, 665,<br />
666–667, 670, 672, 675, 676, 677, 681<br />
self-Âsupporting, 660, 667–669<br />
shunt feeding, 406–412, 674<br />
side-Âmounts, 662<br />
tapered, 660<br />
TIA-222, 657, 658, 681<br />
tripod, 654<br />
types, 655<br />
wind<br />
force (load) due to, 656–660<br />
pressure, 657<br />
speed, 657, 659<br />
zones, 663<br />
transatlantic tests, 45<br />
transducer, 81<br />
transmatch circuits, 538–539
Change language