Practical_Antenna_Handbook_0071639586

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I n d e x 757 noise (Cont.): sky noise, 494–495, 498 solar, 49 noise bridge, 592–598 noise factor (F n ), 492–493 noise figure (NF), 492–494 noise temperature (T e ), 493–495 nonresonant longwire, 256–258 nonresonant loop, 365–366 nonresonant rhombic, 260, 262 nonresonant vee beam, 260, 261 normalized impedance, 559–562, 574 northern lights, 75–76 nulls (loop antenna), 342–346, 359 Numerical Electromagnetic Computation (NEC) program, 546 O off-Âcenter-Âfed dipole, 225–226 ohm (Ω unit of resistance), 82–83 ohmic loss, 28, 107, 178, 447, 449, 473 ohmmeter (coaxial cable test), 615–616 Ohm’s law, 82–83, 686 in transmission lines, 125 omega (Ω), 115, 715 omega-Âmatch feed systems, 244–246 omnidirectional, 265–266 1λ loops, 209–216 open-Âwire line (OWL), 110–111, 687, 689 ordinances, 701 Orr, William, Âex-ÂW6SAI, 277 OSCAR satellite communications, 6 oscilloscope, 127–131, 712 (See also transmission lines) P parabolic (dish) antennas, 481–485 beamwidth, 483 Cassegrain feed, 483–484 directrix, 481–482 effective aperture, 483 feed geometries for, 483–485 gain, 483 monopulse feed, 483, 485 parallel conductor lines 110–111 (See also Âopen-Âwire line) parasitic arrays, 161–162, 277, 280–282, 419 path loss, 18 pedestal (tower), 669–671 pennant antenna, 359–360 period (T; of a waveform), 712, 715 permeability (µ), 90, 116, 460 relative (µ r ), 90 permittivity (ε; dielectric constant), 88, 105, 116–118, 460 relative (ε r ), 88 phase, 91, 100, 150 phase constant (β), 120, 140–142 phase-Âcontrol circuit, 340–341 phase-Âlocked receivers, 68 phase-Âshift networks, 156, 267–271, 485–487 phase velocity (V p ), 455–458 phasing, 149–153, 158–159, 266, 273, 340–341 physical vs. electrical length, 105, 140, 176–177 pi network, 537 “picket fencing,” 32 planar loop windings, 345 planetary terminator (See gray line propagation) planning board, 702–703 “plumbers’ delight” Yagi, 277 polarity, 82, 88, 99, 104 polarization, 18–19, 229, 473 polarization diversity, 67–68, 331–332 Popov, Alexander, 3 pop rivets, 290, 296 power (P), 83 (See also effective radiated power) power density, 16–17, 471–472 power distribution, 683, 689–690 power gain (G p ), 477–478, 710–711 preamplifier for receiving antennas, 355–356 PRB-1 (FCC), 700 predictions, propagation, 76–79 propagation constant (β), 462 propagation modes in waveguides, 451–454 propagation of radio waves, 9–79 ducting, 39–40, 42 fading, 41–42 ground wave, 27–38 ionospheric (see ionospheric propagation) inversion, 39 line of sight, 28 medium, 12–13 meteor scatter, 76 path types, 26–27 radio horizon, 32, 39 subrefraction, 40
758 I n d e x propagation of radio waves (Cont.): superrefraction, 39 surface wave, 26–27, 36–38 propagation predictions, 76–79 pulley, 642–644 Q Q-Âmultiplier, 354–355 QST (see American Radio Relay League) quad beam antennas, 315–325, 436–438 quad loop antennas, 315–325, 328 construction, 321–325 feedpoint impedance and matching, 319–321 gain, 316 gain and bandwidth vs. Yagi, 316–319 quadrature, 714 quarter-Âwavelength line, 213 quarter-Âwavelength shorted stub, 144–145 waveguide analysis, 449–451 quarter-Âwave (“Q”) section, 143–145, 213 quarter-Âwave vertical monopole, 233–235 R radar, 5, 486–487, 497 radials: Beverage, 336 bobtail curtain, 263 emergency and portable verticals, 391–393 ground-Âplane vertical, 234–235, 426–427, 433–434, 696–698 grounded monopole, 237–244, 403, 406, 694–696 half-Âsquare, 264 insulated-Âbase vertical, 413 inverted-ÂL, 417–418 lightning, 685–686 T-Âantenna, 421–422 vertical array, 275 (See also grounding and ground systems; vertically polarized antennas) radian, 118, 715 radiated fields, 9–10 radiating vs. nonradiating slots, 470 radiation angle, 59–63 radiation patterns modeling, 550, 553 (See also specific antenna types) radiation resistance, 96, 107, 473 radio astronomy antennas, 497–509 extraterrestrial sources, 497–499 helical antennas, 505–507 interferometer antennas, 508–509 Jupiter reception antenna, 499 radio direction finding (RDF), 344, 511–529 Adcock antenna, 520–523 AM aircraft band, 519 AM broadcast band (BCB), 511 bidirectional pattern, 512–514 CONELRAD frequencies, 439 Doppler antennas, 524–525 Doppler shift, 524–525 double ducky direction finder (DDDF), 528–529 “fox hunting,” 518, 529 Geiser, David T., W5IXM, 528 Global Positioning System (GPS), 511, 515 loop antenna, 516–517 loopstick antenna, 511, 515 N0GSG Doppler system, 525 “rubber ducky” VHF antennas, 528 sense antenna, 513, 517 shortwave and AM BCB “skip,” 520 signal strength (S) meter, 511–512, 519 switched-Âpattern RDF antenna, 528–529 time difference of arrival (TDOA) array, 525–527 tracking down electrical noise, 518–519, 529 triangulation, 513, 515–516 VHF/UHF, 518 Watson-ÂWatt Adcock array, 522–523 Welch, Daniel F., W6DFW, 525 radio wave(s): discovery, 3, 91 intensity, 15–17 polarization, 18–19 propagation, 9–79 velocity, 19–20 random-Âlength longwires, 253–258 Rauch, Tom, W8JI, 274 ray tracing, 25–26 RCA Riverhead (NY) site, 333
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Practical Antenna Handbook
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Practical Antenna Handbook Joseph J
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Contents Preface . . . . . . . . .
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C o n t e n t s vii 12 The Yagi-Uda
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C o n t e n t s ix Switched-Pattern
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Preface My paternal grandfather was
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P r e f a c e xiii this book repres
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Acknowledgments As with other field
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Background and History Part I Chapt
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CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Radio Com
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C h a p t e r 1 : I n t r o d u c t
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Fundamentals Part II Chapter 2 Radi
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CHAPTER 2 Radio-Wave Propagation To
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C h a p t e r 2 : r a d i o - W a v
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R N-1 C h a p t e r 2 : r a d i o -
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Figure 2.29C Monthly averaged sunsp
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CHAPTER 3 Antenna Basics An antenna
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C h a p t e r 3 : A n t e n n a B a
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CHAPTER 4 Transmission Lines and Im
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C h a p t e r 4 : T r a n s m i s s
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Chapter 5 Antenna Arrays and Array
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C h a p t e r 5 : a n t e n n a A r
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A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. Figure 5.9
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B. C. D. E. F. G. H. Figure 5.10 Gr
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High-Frequency Building-Block Anten
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CHAPTER 6 Dipoles and Doublets A co
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C h a p t e r 6 : D i p o l e s a n
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CHAPTER 7 Large Wire Loop Antennas
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C h a p t e r 7 : L a r g e W i r e
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CHAPTER 8 Multiband and Tunable Wir
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C h a p t e r 8 : M u l t i b a n d
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CHAPTER 9 Vertically Polarized Ante
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C h a p t e r 9 : V e r t i c a l l
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Quarter-wave vertical radiator Insu
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Directional High-Frequency Antenna
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CHAPTER 10 Wire Arrays When a singl
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C h a p t e r 1 0 : W i r e A r r a
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Wire 2 C h a p t e r 1 0 : W i r e
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CHAPTER 11 Vertical Arrays Despite
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C h a p t e r 1 1 : V e r t i c a l
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CHAPTER 12 The Yagi-Uda Beam Antenn
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C h a p t e r 1 2 : T h e Y a g i -
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CHAPTER 13 Cubical Quads and Delta
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C h a p t e r 1 3 : C u b i c a l Q
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Figure 13.5 Multiband quad “spide
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High-Frequency Antennas for Special
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CHAPTER 14 Receiving Antennas for H
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C h a p t e r 1 4 : r e c e i v i n
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351 Figure 14.12 Remote tuning sche
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CHAPTER 15 Hidden and Limited-Space
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C h a p t e r 1 5 : H i d d e n a n
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CHAPTER 16 Mobile and Marine Antenn
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C h a p t e r 1 6 : M o b i l e a n
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CHAPTER 17 Emergency and Portable A
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C h a p t e r 1 7 : E m e r g e n c
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Antennas for Other Frequencies Part
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CHAPTER 18 Antennas for 160 Meters
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C h a p t e r 1 8 : a n t e n n a s
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CHAPTER 19 VHF and UHF Antennas The
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C h a p t e r 1 9 : V H F a n d U H
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CHAPTER 20 Microwave Waveguides and
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C h a p t e r 2 0 : M i c r o w a v
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λ o = c / f 8 3× 10 m / s = 9 C h
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CHAPTER 21 Antenna Noise Temperatur
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C h a p t e r 2 1 : A n t e n n a N
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C h a p t e r 2 1 : A n t e n n a N
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CHAPTER 22 Radio Astronomy Antennas
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C h a p t e r 2 2 : R a d i o A s t
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Figure 22.9 Interferometer pattern.
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CHAPTER 23 Radio Direction-Finding
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C h a p t e r 2 3 : R a d i o D i r
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Figure 23.9 Adcock array RDF antenn
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Figure 23.11 Watson-Watt Adcock arr
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Tuning, Troubleshooting, and Design
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CHAPTER 24 Antenna Tuners (ATUs) Th
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C h a p t e r 2 4 : a n t e n n a T
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CHAPTER 25 Antenna Modeling Softwar
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C h a p t e r 2 5 : A n t e n n a M
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Figure 25.3B Bent dipole wire and s
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CHAPTER 26 The Smith Chart The math
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Figure 26.2 Normalized impedance li
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A Figure 26.3 Constant resistance c
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A Figure 26.4A Constant inductive r
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C h a p t e r 2 6 : T h e S m i t h
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D C B A Figure 26.5 Radially scaled
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0.165 Y ' 1.0 j1.1 G' 1.0 Y ' 0.2
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CHAPTER 27 Testing and Troubleshoot
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C h a p t e r 2 7 : T e s t i n g a
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Mechanical Construction and Install
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CHAPTER 28 Supports for Wires and V
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C h a p t e r 2 8 : S u p p o r t s
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CHAPTER 29 Towers At some point, th
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C h a p t e r 2 9 : T o w e r s 655
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C h a p t e r 2 9 : T o w e r s 681
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CHAPTER 30 Grounding for Safety and
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C h a p t e r 3 0 : G r o u n d i n
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CHAPTER 31 Zoning, Restrictive Cove
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C h a p t e r 3 1 : Z o n i n g , R
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C h a p t e r 3 1 : Z o n i n g , R
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Appendices
Page 728 and 729: APPENDIX A Useful Math The material
Page 730 and 731: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
Page 748 and 749: Appendix B Suppliers and Other Reso
Page 750 and 751: A p p e n d i x B : S u p p l i e r
Page 760 and 761: B.1.6 Rotators and Controllers Alfa
Page 766 and 767: Index Note: Boldface numbers denote
Page 768 and 769: I n d e x 747 Binns, Jack, first ma
Page 770 and 771: I n d e x 749 dipole (Cont.): slopi
Page 772 and 773: I n d e x 751 grounding and ground
Page 774 and 775: I n d e x 753 ionospheric propagati
Page 776 and 777: I n d e x 755 maximum effective len
Page 780 and 781: I n d e x 759 reactance: cancellati
Page 782 and 783: I n d e x 761 standing waves: on an
Page 784 and 785: I n d e x 763 transmission lines, 1
Page 786 and 787: I n d e x 765 vertically polarized
Page 788: I n d e x 767 Yagi antennas (Cont.)
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