Practical_Antenna_Handbook_0071639586
I n d e x 753 ionospheric propagation, 45–79 fading, 59 gray line, 72–73 HF overview, 69–71 hops, 60–64 multihop, 60–64 reflection, 45 refraction, 47 scatter, 71, 75 skew paths, 71–72 skip distance, 48, 59 skip zone, 48, 59 sky wave, 59–79 ionospheric storms, 58 isophase plane, 24 isopotential line, 346 isotropic sources, 17–20, 95, 153, 182, 471–472, 545 power density, 471–472 ISWR (See current standing wave ratio) J j (complex plane operator), 84–85, 115, 724–725 (see also imaginary numbers) Jansky, Carl, 497 JFET amplifier, 355–356 Johnson noise, 491–492 joints and bends in microwave waveguides, 466–469 J-Âpole antennas, 430 Jupiter reception, 498–499 K k (Boltzmann's constant), 491 K factor (effective earth radius), 32–34 K9AY antenna, 359–360 Kaufmann, J. J., W1FV, 275 Kelvin (temperature), 491–492 Kennelly, Arthur, 45 Kennelly-ÂHeaviside layer, 45 kilohertz (kHz), 11–12 Koonce, Floyd, WA2WVL, 358 L land mobile service, 375, 389 Law of Reciprocity (See reciprocity) Lawson, James L. (deceased), Âex-ÂW2PV, 314 leakage resistance (at wire ends), 107 Leeson, David B., W6NL, 293, 294, 314, 554 Lewallen, Roy, W7EL, 329, 331, 334 light, speed of (c), 12, 13, 93 lightning (See grounding and ground systems) limited-Âspace antennas, 363–373 linear loading, 301–302, 405–406 line attenuation constant (α), 120 “line flattener” (ATU), 388 line-Âof-Âsight transmission, 28, 41 lines of force, 14 linked electric and magnetic fields, 14, 88, 92–93 loaded tower designs, 406–412 loading coils, 198–201, 289–291 logarithmic response, 710 logarithms, 707–710, 726 table of, 726 log-Âperiodic, 220–221 long baseline arrays, 497, 508 long path, 73–75 longwire(s), 225, 253–262, 360–361, 363–364 feedpoint impedance matching, 253 gain, 253, 256–257 grounding system, 253–255 artificial ground, 255 losses, 254 nonresonant, 253, 257–258, nonresonant vee beam, 260, 261 patterns, 256–259, 261 radials, 254–255 receiving, 360–361 rhombic, 260–262 tilt angle, 261–262 standing vs. traveling wave, 256–258, 260 static charge buildup and discharge, 256 terminating resistor, 257–258 tuned feeder antennas, 221–224 location of feedpoint, 222 pattern vs. band, 223 vee beam, 258–261 loop antennas, 157–158, 207–216 large vs. small, 207
754 I n d e x loop antennas (large), 157–158, 207–216 λ/2 Âhalf-Âdelta sloper (HDS), 214–215 λ/2 loop, 207–209 1λ delta loop, 157, 211–214 polarization, 212 1λ quad loop, 157, 209–214 current (reversal) in, 209 2λ bisquare loop, 215–216 current (reversal) in, 157, 215 diamond, 210–211 gain, 210 near-Âvertical incidence skywave (NVIS) antenna, 216 quad (1λ), 157 radiation patterns, 207 loop antennas (small receiving), 341–361 air core (“box”) frame, 345–348 amplifier, 355, 356 capacitance tuning, 349–351 coaxial cable loop, 357–358 coupling loops, 348–349 depth wound, 345–346 effective height, 348 EWE, 358–359 Faraday shield, 357–358 flag, 359–360 Grover’s equation, 345 isopotential line, 346 K9AY, 359–360 vs. large loop, 342 nulls, 342–346, 359 parallel tuned, 349–350 pennant, 359–360 planar wound, 345–346 preamplifier, 355–356 Q-Âmultiplier, 354–355 response to magnetic field, 342 self-Âresonance, 355, 357 series tuned, 349–350 shielded, 352–354, 357–358 sports fan’s loop, 352 transformer loops, 348–349 tuning, 349–351 varactor tuning, 349–351 VLF/LF design considerations, 355, 357 loopstick (See ferrite rods) LORAN (long range navigation) systems, 332–333, 423 loss: coaxial cable, 615–617 dielectric, 448 dipole, 107, 178 ground, 28, 36, 60–61, 163, 167, 328, 692 longwire, 254 Smith chart, 582–583, 585 transmission line, 119–121, 614–617 Yagi elements, 291 lowest useable frequency (LUF), 55–56 L-Âsection network, 535–537 λ/2 loop, 207–209 λ/4 Âinverted-ÂL antenna (See Âinverted-ÂL antenna) M magnetic fields, 14, 87–92, 88–90, 342 far-Âfield equation, 94 magnetic flux density (B), 89–90 magnetic north pole, 72 mantissa (of a logarithm), 708, 709 manufacturers and suppliers, 727–743 Marconi antennas, 175 Marconi, Guglielmo, 3, 20, 45 marine radio antennas, 383–388 antenna tuning unit (ATU), 385–388 grounding, 384 HF SSB, 383 VHF-ÂFM, 383 mast and stays as antennas, 384–386 mast-Âmounted antennas, 288–289, 384, 395–397, 516, 638, 642, 646–651 masts and supports, 288–289, 677–679 diameter, 678 material, 678 (See also towers) Mata, Jose, EA3VY, 360 matching networks: balun, 139–140 distributed, 139–147 lumped-Âelement, 139 step-Âdown, 140 step-Âup, 140 stub, 140–142 matching section, Âquarter-Âwavelength coax, 213
- Page 724 and 725: C h a p t e r 3 1 : Z o n i n g , R
- Page 726 and 727: Appendices
- Page 728 and 729: APPENDIX A Useful Math The material
- Page 730 and 731: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
- Page 732 and 733: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
- Page 734 and 735: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
- Page 736 and 737: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
- Page 738 and 739: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
- Page 740 and 741: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
- Page 742 and 743: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
- Page 744 and 745: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
- Page 746 and 747: A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
- Page 748 and 749: Appendix B Suppliers and Other Reso
- Page 750 and 751: A p p e n d i x B : S u p p l i e r
- Page 752 and 753: A p p e n d i x B : S u p p l i e r
- Page 754 and 755: A p p e n d i x B : S u p p l i e r
- Page 756 and 757: A p p e n d i x B : S u p p l i e r
- Page 758 and 759: A p p e n d i x B : S u p p l i e r
- Page 760 and 761: B.1.6 Rotators and Controllers Alfa
- Page 762 and 763: A p p e n d i x B : S u p p l i e r
- Page 764 and 765: A p p e n d i x B : S u p p l i e r
- Page 766 and 767: Index Note: Boldface numbers denote
- Page 768 and 769: I n d e x 747 Binns, Jack, first ma
- Page 770 and 771: I n d e x 749 dipole (Cont.): slopi
- Page 772 and 773: I n d e x 751 grounding and ground
- Page 776 and 777: I n d e x 755 maximum effective len
- Page 778 and 779: I n d e x 757 noise (Cont.): sky no
- Page 780 and 781: I n d e x 759 reactance: cancellati
- Page 782 and 783: I n d e x 761 standing waves: on an
- Page 784 and 785: I n d e x 763 transmission lines, 1
- Page 786 and 787: I n d e x 765 vertically polarized
- Page 788: I n d e x 767 Yagi antennas (Cont.)
754 I n d e x<br />
loop antennas (large), 157–158, 207–216<br />
λ/2 Âhalf-Âdelta sloper (HDS),<br />
214–215<br />
λ/2 loop, 207–209<br />
1λ delta loop, 157, 211–214<br />
polarization, 212<br />
1λ quad loop, 157, 209–214<br />
current (reversal) in, 209<br />
2λ bisquare loop, 215–216<br />
current (reversal) in, 157, 215<br />
diamond, 210–211<br />
gain, 210<br />
near-Âvertical incidence skywave (NVIS)<br />
antenna, 216<br />
quad (1λ), 157<br />
radiation patterns, 207<br />
loop antennas (small receiving), 341–361<br />
air core (“box”) frame, 345–348<br />
amplifier, 355, 356<br />
capacitance tuning, 349–351<br />
coaxial cable loop, 357–358<br />
coupling loops, 348–349<br />
depth wound, 345–346<br />
effective height, 348<br />
EWE, 358–359<br />
Faraday shield, 357–358<br />
flag, 359–360<br />
Grover’s equation, 345<br />
isopotential line, 346<br />
K9AY, 359–360<br />
vs. large loop, 342<br />
nulls, 342–346, 359<br />
parallel tuned, 349–350<br />
pennant, 359–360<br />
planar wound, 345–346<br />
preamplifier, 355–356<br />
Q-Âmultiplier, 354–355<br />
response to magnetic field, 342<br />
self-Âresonance, 355, 357<br />
series tuned, 349–350<br />
shielded, 352–354, 357–358<br />
sports fan’s loop, 352<br />
transformer loops, 348–349<br />
tuning, 349–351<br />
varactor tuning, 349–351<br />
VLF/LF design considerations, 355,<br />
357<br />
loopstick (See ferrite rods)<br />
LORAN (long range navigation) systems,<br />
332–333, 423<br />
loss:<br />
coaxial cable, 615–617<br />
dielectric, 448<br />
dipole, 107, 178<br />
ground, 28, 36, 60–61, 163, 167, 328,<br />
692<br />
longwire, 254<br />
Smith chart, 582–583, 585<br />
transmission line, 119–121, 614–617<br />
Yagi elements, 291<br />
lowest useable frequency (LUF), 55–56<br />
L-Âsection network, 535–537<br />
λ/2 loop, 207–209<br />
λ/4 Âinverted-ÂL antenna (See Âinverted-ÂL<br />
antenna)<br />
M<br />
magnetic fields, 14, 87–92, 88–90,<br />
342<br />
far-Âfield equation, 94<br />
magnetic flux density (B), 89–90<br />
magnetic north pole, 72<br />
mantissa (of a logarithm), 708, 709<br />
manufacturers and suppliers, 727–743<br />
Marconi antennas, 175<br />
Marconi, Guglielmo, 3, 20, 45<br />
marine radio antennas, 383–388<br />
antenna tuning unit (ATU),<br />
385–388<br />
grounding, 384<br />
HF SSB, 383<br />
VHF-ÂFM, 383<br />
mast and stays as antennas, 384–386<br />
mast-Âmounted antennas, 288–289, 384,<br />
395–397, 516, 638, 642, 646–651<br />
masts and supports, 288–289, 677–679<br />
diameter, 678<br />
material, 678<br />
(See also towers)<br />
Mata, Jose, EA3VY, 360<br />
matching networks:<br />
balun, 139–140<br />
distributed, 139–147<br />
lumped-Âelement, 139<br />
step-Âdown, 140<br />
step-Âup, 140<br />
stub, 140–142<br />
matching section, Âquarter-Âwavelength coax,<br />
213
Change language