Practical_Antenna_Handbook_0071639586
I n d e x 747 Binns, Jack, first maritime radio distress call, 3–4 binomial array, 156 BIP (beams in phase), 309–312 Bird Thruline wattmeter, 608–612 bisquare (2λ) loop, 215–216 bobtail curtain, 262–263 Boltzmann’s constant (k), 491 BOP (beams out of phase), 309–312 boundary conditions: antenna modeling, 545 ends of radiating elements, 321 microwave waveguides and antennas, 452–453 perfectly conducting surfaces, 164, 334 bowtie dipole, 196–197 “box” loops, 345–348 branch feed (microwave arrays), 485–486 bridges: impedance bridge, 590–592 RF noise bridge, 592–598 VSWR bridge, 605–606 Wheatstone bridge, 590–592 broadbanded dipoles, 193–197 broadside array, 151–152 Brooke, E. F., 226 Byrne, John, 226 C c (speed of light), 12, 13, 93 cage dipole, 197 capacitance, 83 capacitive reactance (X C ), 83, 564, 566 capacitance tuned loop, 346–351 capacitors, 83 charging current and voltage, 88, 91–92, 722–723 geometries, 83, 92 cardioid array, 158–159 cardioid pattern, 158–159, 513–514 Cartesian coordinates, 453–454, 546–548 Cassegrain feed, 483–484 cavity antenna, 480 CC&Rs (See restrictive covenants) cell phones, 6 Celsius (temperature), 491–492 center insulator, 629–634 characteristic (of a logarithm), 708, 709 characteristic (surge) impedance (Z 0 ): transmission line, 110, 112–113, 114–118 waveguide, 461–463 charge, 82 accelerated, 13, 87, 92–93, 717 Chen, Kok, W7AY, 310, 557 choke joints, 466–467 citizens’ band (CB) radio, 62, 231, 277, 368, 375 conversion of CB antennas to 10 m, 231 “cliff-Âdweller” antenna, 369, 371 cloud burner, 165, 215 coaxial cable, 112–113 baluns, 139–140 checking, 615–617 RG-Âseries, 112, 143, 268 rotator loop, 677–678 (See also transmission lines) coaxial vertical, 427–429 co-Âchannel interference, 156 cocoaNEC, 310, 546, 557 coil-Âloaded antennas, 198–201, 207–209, 373, 379–382, 391–392, 404–406 collinear dipole, 430, 432 common-Âmode choke, 231 compass bearing, 67 complex admittance, 142, 564, 575, 725 complex conjugate, 142, 725–726 impedance matching, 142 complex impedance, 84–85 complex plane, 724–726 CONELRAD station frequencies, 511 conductance (G), 142 of transmission lines, 114 conduction current, 90 conductivity (See soil characteristics) cone of silence (Beverage antenna), 334 cone of silence (diffracted waves), 23 construction techniques (See supports; towers) continuous wave (CW), 71 continuous wave train, 11 control points (See ionospheric propagation) copper-Âclad steel wire, 630 core material (See balun) corner reflector antenna, 481 corona effects, 315, 328 corporate feed (microwave arrays), 485–486 cosine function, 714, 718–719 cosine waves (See sine waves) cosmic radiation, 48 counterpoise ground, 370, 372, 422
748 I n d e x covenants, restrictive (CC&Rs), 363 critical angle (α r ), 47 critical frequency (f C ), 47, 70 cubical quad beam antennas, 315–324 Cunningham, Earl (deceased), Âex-ÂK6SE, 360 current (I), 82 current gain, 711 direction, 82 current source, 86 current standing wave ratio (ISWR), 133–134 current transformer RF wattmeters, 608–613 cutoff frequency (f C in waveguide), 451, 458–461 cutoff frequency (f cutoff in dish), 482 cycles per second, 11, 715 D D layer of ionosphere, 52 absorption, 64, 73 dB (See decibels) dBd (decibels relative to a Âhalf-Âwave dipole), 712 dBi (decibels relative to isotropic), 712 dBm (decibels relative to 1 milliwatt), 712 dB/µv/m (decibels relative to 1 microvolt per meter), 712 dead zone, 32 decibels, 710–712 DeForest, Lee, 3 Dellinger fade, 57–58 delta loop, 325–327 delta match (See shunt feed) delta-Âmatch feed systems, 244–245 depth wound loops, 345–346 destructive interference, 28, 32 Devoldere, John, ON4UN, 275, 314, 415 diamond loop, 327 dielectric constant (See permittivity) dielectric loss, 448 dielectrics, 112–113 diffraction, 22–26 dip meter (or dip oscillator), 598–600 dipole, 92–108, 175–181 80-meter, used on 160, 421–423 160-meter, 415–416 balun feed, 196, 629–633, 636 bandwidth, 177–178, 292 bent dipole, 200, 202, 306–308, 316, 416, 549–554 dipole (Cont.): “bowtie” dipole, 196–197 broadbanded, 193–197 cage dipole, 197 center-Âfed, 175–181 construction (see wire antenna construction) current distribution, 96–97, 178–180 current reversal every Âhalf-Âwavelength, 104, 156, 194, 209 directivity, 97 doughnut Â(far-Âfield) pattern, 97–98, 182–183 feedpoint impedance and matching, 107–108, 178–181, 289, 421–423 folded dipole, 194–196 feedpoint impedance Âstep-Âup ratio, 195 gain over isotropic, 95–96, 97 half-Âsloper, 368–369, 371 half-Âwave, 175–205 length, 176–177 height vs. feedpoint impedance, 178–180, 182–183 height vs. radiation pattern, 164–171, 183 hertzian, 92–96 hidden and Âlimited-Âspace antennas, 363–365, 368–373 horizontal, 61, 176 impedance, 96, 106 length, 287–289 length-Âto-Âdiameter ratio, 193–194 limited-Âspace designs, 368–373 loading coils, 198–201, 289–291 losses, 107, 178, 291 off-Âcenter-Âfed, 225–226 ohmic (I 2 R) loss, 107 polarization, 176 radiation angle, 61 radiation pattern, 182–183 three-Âdimensional, 97–98, 182–183 radiation resistance, 96, 107 vs. height, 178–181 resistance, 107 resonance, 106, 177, 184–187 rotatable, 287–291 shortened Âcoil-Âloaded dipoles, 198–201, 416 bandwidth, 200 efficiency, 198
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I n d e x 747<br />
Binns, Jack, first maritime radio distress call,<br />
3–4<br />
binomial array, 156<br />
BIP (beams in phase), 309–312<br />
Bird Thruline wattmeter, 608–612<br />
bisquare (2λ) loop, 215–216<br />
bobtail curtain, 262–263<br />
Boltzmann’s constant (k), 491<br />
BOP (beams out of phase), 309–312<br />
boundary conditions:<br />
antenna modeling, 545<br />
ends of radiating elements, 321<br />
microwave waveguides and antennas,<br />
452–453<br />
perfectly conducting surfaces, 164,<br />
334<br />
bowtie dipole, 196–197<br />
“box” loops, 345–348<br />
branch feed (microwave arrays), 485–486<br />
bridges:<br />
impedance bridge, 590–592<br />
RF noise bridge, 592–598<br />
VSWR bridge, 605–606<br />
Wheatstone bridge, 590–592<br />
broadbanded dipoles, 193–197<br />
broadside array, 151–152<br />
Brooke, E. F., 226<br />
Byrne, John, 226<br />
C<br />
c (speed of light), 12, 13, 93<br />
cage dipole, 197<br />
capacitance, 83<br />
capacitive reactance (X C ), 83, 564, 566<br />
capacitance tuned loop, 346–351<br />
capacitors, 83<br />
charging current and voltage, 88, 91–92,<br />
722–723<br />
geometries, 83, 92<br />
cardioid array, 158–159<br />
cardioid pattern, 158–159, 513–514<br />
Cartesian coordinates, 453–454, 546–548<br />
Cassegrain feed, 483–484<br />
cavity antenna, 480<br />
CC&Rs (See restrictive covenants)<br />
cell phones, 6<br />
Celsius (temperature), 491–492<br />
center insulator, 629–634<br />
characteristic (of a logarithm), 708, 709<br />
characteristic (surge) impedance (Z 0 ):<br />
transmission line, 110, 112–113, 114–118<br />
waveguide, 461–463<br />
charge, 82<br />
accelerated, 13, 87, 92–93, 717<br />
Chen, Kok, W7AY, 310, 557<br />
choke joints, 466–467<br />
citizens’ band (CB) radio, 62, 231, 277, 368, 375<br />
conversion of CB antennas to 10 m, 231<br />
“cliff-Âdweller” antenna, 369, 371<br />
cloud burner, 165, 215<br />
coaxial cable, 112–113<br />
baluns, 139–140<br />
checking, 615–617<br />
RG-Âseries, 112, 143, 268<br />
rotator loop, 677–678<br />
(See also transmission lines)<br />
coaxial vertical, 427–429<br />
co-Âchannel interference, 156<br />
cocoaNEC, 310, 546, 557<br />
coil-Âloaded antennas, 198–201, 207–209, 373,<br />
379–382, 391–392, 404–406<br />
collinear dipole, 430, 432<br />
common-Âmode choke, 231<br />
compass bearing, 67<br />
complex admittance, 142, 564, 575, 725<br />
complex conjugate, 142, 725–726<br />
impedance matching, 142<br />
complex impedance, 84–85<br />
complex plane, 724–726<br />
CONELRAD station frequencies, 511<br />
conductance (G), 142<br />
of transmission lines, 114<br />
conduction current, 90<br />
conductivity (See soil characteristics)<br />
cone of silence (Beverage antenna), 334<br />
cone of silence (diffracted waves), 23<br />
construction techniques (See supports; towers)<br />
continuous wave (CW), 71<br />
continuous wave train, 11<br />
control points (See ionospheric propagation)<br />
copper-Âclad steel wire, 630<br />
core material (See balun)<br />
corner reflector antenna, 481<br />
corona effects, 315, 328<br />
corporate feed (microwave arrays), 485–486<br />
cosine function, 714, 718–719<br />
cosine waves (See sine waves)<br />
cosmic radiation, 48<br />
counterpoise ground, 370, 372, 422
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