Practical_Antenna_Handbook_0071639586

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226 P a r t I I I : H i g h - F r e q u e n c y B u i l d i n g - B l o c k A n t e n n a s L Tuner L /4 Coax VSWR meter L /4 Transmatch To XMTR Random Figure 8.6 Random-length longwire antenna. However, off-center feedlines suffer from an inherent lack of balance between the two sides of the feedline because there is no electrical or physical symmetry at the point where they attach to the antenna. As a result, it is much harder to keep the feedline from radiating and becoming an unintended part of the antenna. Windom The Windom antenna (Fig. 8.7) has been popular since the 1920s. Although Loren Windom is credited with the design, there were actually multiple contributors. Coworkers at the University of Illinois with Windom who should be cocredited were John Byrne, E. F. Brooke, and W. L. Everett. The designation of Windom as the inventor was probably due to the publication of the idea (credited to Windom) in the July 1926 issue of QST magazine. Additional (later) contributions were rendered by G2BI and GM1IAA. The Windom is a roughly half-wavelength antenna that will also work on even harmonics of the fundamental frequency. Like the off-center-fed dipole, the basic premise is that a dipole’s feedpoint resistance varies from about 50 Ω at the center to about 5000 Ω at either end, depending upon the location of the feedpoint. In the Windom antenna of Fig. 8.7A, the feedpoint is placed about one-third the way from one end, presumably where the impedance is about 600 Ω. The Windom antenna works “moderately” well—but with some caveats. It is important to again recognize that the return path for a single-conductor feedline is the ground system underneath the antenna and feedline. In distinct contrast to similar horizontal dipoles that are center fed, the extent and quality of the ground beneath the antenna is a major factor in the overall radiation efficiency of the Windom. Further, this
C h a p t e r 8 : M u l t i b a n d a n d T u n a b l e W i r e A n t e n n a s 227 Insulator A 0.18 B 0.32 Insulator Rope Downlead (#12 or #14) A 0.18 B 0.32 468 AB 0.50 Feet F MHz Coax to XMTR Tuner Coax to XMTR — or — Ant Lo-Z XMTR C1 Hi-Z C2 Ant Figure 8.7A Windom antenna. is an inherently unbalanced radiating system with all the concomitant issues of “RF in the shack”. One could just as easily view the Windom as a lopsided “T” antenna or as an inverted-L with a secondary section of top loading attached; in either of those cases, the feedline itself is the primary radiator. The choice of tuning unit for the Windom will depend on the frequencies it is to be used on, but, as mentioned earlier, it is likely that a very good tuner capable of remov- 44.33' 136' 4:1 BALUN Tuner XMTR Figure 8.7B Coaxial-fed Windom.
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Practical Antenna Handbook
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Practical Antenna Handbook Joseph J
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Contents Preface . . . . . . . . .
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C o n t e n t s vii 12 The Yagi-Uda
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C o n t e n t s ix Switched-Pattern
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Preface My paternal grandfather was
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P r e f a c e xiii this book repres
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Acknowledgments As with other field
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Background and History Part I Chapt
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CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Radio Com
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C h a p t e r 1 : I n t r o d u c t
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Fundamentals Part II Chapter 2 Radi
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CHAPTER 2 Radio-Wave Propagation To
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C h a p t e r 2 : r a d i o - W a v
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R N-1 C h a p t e r 2 : r a d i o -
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Figure 2.29C Monthly averaged sunsp
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CHAPTER 3 Antenna Basics An antenna
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C h a p t e r 3 : A n t e n n a B a
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CHAPTER 4 Transmission Lines and Im
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C h a p t e r 4 : T r a n s m i s s
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Chapter 5 Antenna Arrays and Array
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C h a p t e r 5 : a n t e n n a A r
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A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. Figure 5.9
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B. C. D. E. F. G. H. Figure 5.10 Gr
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High-Frequency Building-Block Anten
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CHAPTER 6 Dipoles and Doublets A co
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Page 225 and 226: CHAPTER 7 Large Wire Loop Antennas
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Page 235 and 236: CHAPTER 8 Multiband and Tunable Wir
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Page 247 and 248: CHAPTER 9 Vertically Polarized Ante
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Page 253 and 254: Quarter-wave vertical radiator Insu
Page 269 and 270: Directional High-Frequency Antenna
Page 271 and 272: CHAPTER 10 Wire Arrays When a singl
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Page 277 and 278: Wire 2 C h a p t e r 1 0 : W i r e
Page 283 and 284: CHAPTER 11 Vertical Arrays Despite
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CHAPTER 12 The Yagi-Uda Beam Antenn
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C h a p t e r 1 2 : T h e Y a g i -
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CHAPTER 13 Cubical Quads and Delta
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C h a p t e r 1 3 : C u b i c a l Q
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Figure 13.5 Multiband quad “spide
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High-Frequency Antennas for Special
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CHAPTER 14 Receiving Antennas for H
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C h a p t e r 1 4 : r e c e i v i n
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351 Figure 14.12 Remote tuning sche
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CHAPTER 15 Hidden and Limited-Space
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C h a p t e r 1 5 : H i d d e n a n
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CHAPTER 16 Mobile and Marine Antenn
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C h a p t e r 1 6 : M o b i l e a n
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CHAPTER 17 Emergency and Portable A
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C h a p t e r 1 7 : E m e r g e n c
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Antennas for Other Frequencies Part
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CHAPTER 18 Antennas for 160 Meters
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C h a p t e r 1 8 : a n t e n n a s
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CHAPTER 19 VHF and UHF Antennas The
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C h a p t e r 1 9 : V H F a n d U H
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CHAPTER 20 Microwave Waveguides and
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C h a p t e r 2 0 : M i c r o w a v
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λ o = c / f 8 3× 10 m / s = 9 C h
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CHAPTER 21 Antenna Noise Temperatur
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C h a p t e r 2 1 : A n t e n n a N
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C h a p t e r 2 1 : A n t e n n a N
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CHAPTER 22 Radio Astronomy Antennas
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C h a p t e r 2 2 : R a d i o A s t
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Figure 22.9 Interferometer pattern.
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CHAPTER 23 Radio Direction-Finding
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C h a p t e r 2 3 : R a d i o D i r
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Figure 23.9 Adcock array RDF antenn
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Figure 23.11 Watson-Watt Adcock arr
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Tuning, Troubleshooting, and Design
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CHAPTER 24 Antenna Tuners (ATUs) Th
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C h a p t e r 2 4 : a n t e n n a T
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CHAPTER 25 Antenna Modeling Softwar
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C h a p t e r 2 5 : A n t e n n a M
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Figure 25.3B Bent dipole wire and s
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CHAPTER 26 The Smith Chart The math
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Figure 26.2 Normalized impedance li
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A Figure 26.3 Constant resistance c
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A Figure 26.4A Constant inductive r
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C h a p t e r 2 6 : T h e S m i t h
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D C B A Figure 26.5 Radially scaled
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0.165 Y ' 1.0 j1.1 G' 1.0 Y ' 0.2
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CHAPTER 27 Testing and Troubleshoot
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C h a p t e r 2 7 : T e s t i n g a
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Mechanical Construction and Install
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CHAPTER 28 Supports for Wires and V
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C h a p t e r 2 8 : S u p p o r t s
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CHAPTER 29 Towers At some point, th
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C h a p t e r 2 9 : T o w e r s 655
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C h a p t e r 2 9 : T o w e r s 667
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CHAPTER 30 Grounding for Safety and
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C h a p t e r 3 0 : G r o u n d i n
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CHAPTER 31 Zoning, Restrictive Cove
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C h a p t e r 3 1 : Z o n i n g , R
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C h a p t e r 3 1 : Z o n i n g , R
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Appendices
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APPENDIX A Useful Math The material
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A p p e n d i x A : U s e f u l M a
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Appendix B Suppliers and Other Reso
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A p p e n d i x B : S u p p l i e r
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B.1.6 Rotators and Controllers Alfa
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Index Note: Boldface numbers denote
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I n d e x 747 Binns, Jack, first ma
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I n d e x 749 dipole (Cont.): slopi
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I n d e x 751 grounding and ground
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I n d e x 753 ionospheric propagati
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I n d e x 755 maximum effective len
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I n d e x 757 noise (Cont.): sky no
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I n d e x 759 reactance: cancellati
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I n d e x 761 standing waves: on an
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I n d e x 763 transmission lines, 1
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I n d e x 765 vertically polarized
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I n d e x 767 Yagi antennas (Cont.)
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