Managementul activitatilor tertiare - uefiscdi

ilateral cooperation agreements and with ongoing multilateral and bi-regionaldialogues between the EU and these countries or groups. Priorities will beidentified based on the particular needs, potential and level of economicdevelopment in the region or country.- In addition to direct financial support to participants in TD actions, theCommunity will improve their access to private sector finance by contributingfinancially to the isk-Sharing Finance Facility(SFF) established by the EuropeanInvestment Bank (EIB). The Community contribution to SFF will be used by theBank, in accordance with eligibility criteria set out in the Work ProgrammeCapacities.A network of National Contact Pointsis instrumental for providing access to FP7calls, and to lower the entry barrier for newcomers and raise the average quality ofsubmitted proposals.International Co-operationInternational cooperation is an important component of the RT activities in this field,and will be encouraged where there are interests for industry and policy-maersroad topicareas for specific actions that will be considered include:- market attraction, for example global trade development and connecting networks andservices at continental and intercontinental level- opportunities to access and acquire science and technology that is complementary tothe current European knowledge and of mutual benefitC- Europes response to global needs, for example climate change- Europes contribution to international standards and global systems, for exampleapplied logistics and satellite navigation infrastructure.Initiatives under emerging needs will support research that responds to critical events andchallenges of future impact of the research activity, for example novel transport and vehicleconcepts, automation, mobility or organization. Unforeseen policy needs that may require specifictransport-related research could include broad societal issues such as the changes in thedemographics, lifestyles and expectations of society for transport systems, as well as emergingrisks or problems of high importance to European society.To increase the impact that may have the new research domains from universities, researchcenters and the industrial medium it is necessary to make reunions at the centre of the onesinvolved where different funding schemes can be used. The used work programs may specify thefunding scheme that will be utilized for the topic on which proposals are invited. The fundingschemes are:a) To support actions which are primarily implemented on the basis of calls for proposals:1. Collaborative projectsSupport for research projects carried out by consortia with participants from different countries,aiming to develop new knowledge, new technology, products, demonstration activities orcommon resources for research. The size, scope and internal organisation of projects can varyfrom field to field and from topic to topic. Projects can range from small or medium-scale-focusedresearch actions to large-scale integrating projects for achieving a defined objective. Projects willalso be targeted to special groups (S Es).2. Networks of excellenceSupport for a oint programme of activitiesimplemented by a number of research organisationsintegrating their activities in a given field, carried out by research teams in the framework oflonger term cooperation.3. Coordination and support actionsSupport for activities aimed at coordinating or supporting research activities and policies. Theseactions may also be implemented by means other than calls for proposals.4. Support for 'frontier' researchSupport for projects carried out by individual national or transnational research teams. Thisscheme will be used to support investigator-driven frontier research projects funded in theframework of the European esearch Council.5. Support for training and career development of researchers4647Support for training and career development of researchers, mainly to be used for theimplementation of the arie Curie actions.6. Research for the benefit of specific groupsSupport for research projects where the bulk of the research and technological development iscarried out by universities, research centres or other legal entities, for the benefit of specificgroups, in particular S Es or associations of S Es. Efforts will be undertaken to mobiliseadditional financing from the European Investment Bank(EIB) and other financial organisations.b) To support actions implemented on the basis of decisions by the Council and the EuropeanParliament based on a proposal from the Commission, the Community will provide financialsupport to multi-financed large-scale initiatives:. - A financial contribution to the joint implementation of well-identified national researchprogrammes. This joint implementation will require the establishment or existence of a dedicatedimplementation structure. Community financial support will be provided subject to the definitionof a financing plan based on formal commitments from competent national authorities.. - A financial contribution to the implementation of oint technology initiatives to realiseobjectives that cannot be achieved through the above-mentioned funding schemes. ointtechnology initiativeswill mobilise a combination of funding of different kinds and from differentsourcesprivate and public, European and national. This funding may take different forms and maybe allocated or mobilised though a range of mechanisms: support from the frameworkprogramme, loans from the EIB, risk capital support. Community support will be provided subjectto the definition of an overall blueprint of financial engineering, based on formal commitmentsfrom all parties concerned.C. - A financial contribution to the development of new infrastructures of European interest. Thedevelopment of new infrastructures will mobilise a combination of funding of different nature andorigin: national funding, framework programme, structural funds, loans from the EIB and others.Community support will be provided subject to the definition of an overall financial plan based ona commitment from all parties concerned.Creativity and innovationidea machine using it for development of new productscreative methods (brainstorming, brain race, brain shaping, brain charting, trendscouting, experts and user interviews )Ideas (raw ideas, filtering ideas, use of ideas)esults of filtering ideas hat it isBusiness, public service, education and the not-for-profit sector are all hearing stakeholders callingfor more and more innovation, creativity or enterprise. But these things mean very differentthings to different people. Paradoxically, we are faced with a need for something, which is widelyseen as important but which, is undefined.It does not help that creativity has strong associations with the special artistic talents of a smallnumber of exceptional people: creative geniuses like Beethoven, odin, Picasso or Shakespeare.People in business often claim to be uncreative for this reason.Innovation also challenges existing ways of doing things. It is a form of change, and people willreact as they do to any change. The more surprising the innovation, the more extreme thereaction will tend to be positive or negative. Emotions and organisational politics can run high inresponse to innovation and creativityAs working definitions, we will assume the following :Creativity is the ability to think a new idea. (This includes the ability to rethink an old idea forexample, to think of a new application for an existing technology).Innovation is the process by which the new idea is put into practice.This definition of creativity allows for the artistic creative genius and the brilliant inventor, but alsoenables everyone to be creative, since anyone can have a new idea.484