Provocarile Supply Chain-ului in Romania - ecr-uvt
Provocarile Supply Chain-ului in Romania - ecr-uvt
Provocarile Supply Chain-ului in Romania - ecr-uvt
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<strong>Provocarile</strong> <strong>Supply</strong> <strong>Cha<strong>in</strong></strong>-<strong>ului</strong> <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>Romania</strong><br />
Targoviste, 12 Mai 2011<br />
ROMEO DUMITRU – Vice-Presed<strong>in</strong>te ARILOG<br />
(<strong>Romania</strong>n Logistics Association)
Next dest<strong>in</strong>ation<br />
ROMANIA
ROMANIA<br />
- A 2-a 2 piata d<strong>in</strong> CEE, dupa Polonia<br />
Indecsi economici<br />
Importuri : $64,83 mld f.o.b. (2009) … 40,24% GDP<br />
Marfuri importate : echipamente si utilaje,<br />
combustibili si m<strong>in</strong>erale, produse chimice, textile<br />
si materii prime : metale, produse agricole d<strong>in</strong> tari<br />
precum Germania 15.2%, Italia 14.5%, Rusia 7.8%,<br />
Franta 6.5%, Turcia 4.9%, Ch<strong>in</strong>a 4.3%<br />
Exporturi : $53,68 mld f.o.b. (2009) … 33,32% GDP<br />
Marfuri exportate : textile si <strong>in</strong>caltam<strong>in</strong>te, metale si<br />
produse metalice, echipamente si utilaje, m<strong>in</strong>erale si<br />
combustibili, produse chimice, produse agricole <strong>in</strong><br />
tari precum Germania 17.9%, Italia 15.7%, Turcia<br />
7.7%, Franta 7.5%, Ungaria 4.9%, UK 4.7%<br />
FIGURES
<strong>Romania</strong> – Planul autostrazilor<br />
<strong>Romania</strong> – Transport Future Motorways<br />
Source : <strong>Romania</strong>n M<strong>in</strong>istry of Transportation<br />
DREAMS
<strong>Romania</strong> – Transport<br />
Road Infrastructure<br />
<strong>Romania</strong> – Infrastructura rutiera<br />
We have around 3503<br />
0 km of highway l<strong>in</strong>k<strong>in</strong>g:<br />
Bucharest with Pitesti (where<br />
is Dacia Renault plant)<br />
Bucharest with Constantza (the ma<strong>in</strong> harbour at the Black Sea).<br />
Turda Gilau “Transilvania” highway<br />
Source : <strong>Romania</strong>n M<strong>in</strong>istry of Transportation<br />
REALITY
TOP 10 - <strong>Romania</strong>n Transportation<br />
Companies<br />
Primele 10 firme de transport rutier d<strong>in</strong> <strong>Romania</strong> det<strong>in</strong> cca. . 4600 camioane. . D<strong>in</strong><br />
acestea 6 sunt companii cu capital 100% romanesc.<br />
COMPANIE TIP CAMIOANE<br />
EDY INTERNATIONAL SPEDITION SA Transportation 805<br />
TRANSILVANIA GENERAL IMPORT EXPORT Distributions 688<br />
DUNCA EXPEDITII Transportation 421<br />
DUMAGAS TRANSPORT SA Transportation 394<br />
HIDROCONSTRUCTIA SA Construction 355<br />
AQUILA PART.PROD.COM. SRL Transportation 335<br />
TRANSPECO LOGISTICS & DISTRIBUTION SA Oil Transportation 313<br />
INTERNATIONAL LAZAR COMPANY SRL Transportation 287<br />
VLASE SPEDITION SRL Distribution 284<br />
FIL.DE INTR.SI SERV.ENERG.ELECTRICA SERV Electrical Services 271<br />
FIGURES
CAMIOANE<br />
Total<br />
vehicule:<br />
16.651<br />
FIGURES
CAMIOANE<br />
Total<br />
vehicule:<br />
2.837<br />
FIGURES
CAMIOANE<br />
Total<br />
vehicule:<br />
78.877<br />
FIGURES
CRIZA ECONOMICA – CATALIZATORUL<br />
RESTRUCTURARII SI EFICIENTIZARII<br />
• Criza economica ajuta, pe de o parte, <strong>in</strong>dustria sa dev<strong>in</strong>a<br />
mai eficienta<br />
• Operatorii de transport si-au optimizat (a se citi “redus”)<br />
flotele<br />
•O parte d<strong>in</strong> flote au fost date <strong>in</strong>apoi firmelor de<br />
leas<strong>in</strong>g<br />
• Multe d<strong>in</strong> companiile cu flote si operatiuni proprii siau<br />
externalizat S.C. concentrandu-se pe domeniul<br />
pr<strong>in</strong>cipal de activitate<br />
FACTS
REALITATI<br />
“PROGRAM-ul RABLA”<br />
Calitatea Infrastructurii<br />
REALITY
REALITATI<br />
DN-urile la f<strong>in</strong>alul iernii<br />
Orasele la f<strong>in</strong>alul iernii<br />
REALITY
REALITATI<br />
N<strong>in</strong>soarea <strong>in</strong> oras<br />
N<strong>in</strong>soarea pe DN-uri<br />
REALITY
REALITATI<br />
Ambuteiaje<br />
Talharii d<strong>in</strong> mers<br />
REALITY
Next dest<strong>in</strong>ation<br />
RAILWAY TRANSPORT
<strong>Romania</strong> –<br />
<strong>Romania</strong> – Transport Railway Infrastructure<br />
INFRASTRUCTURA FEROVIARA<br />
Lungime:<br />
10.821km<br />
Nefolosita:<br />
3300km<br />
Inchiriata:<br />
911km<br />
Source : <strong>Romania</strong>n M<strong>in</strong>istry of Transportation<br />
FIGURES
REALITATI<br />
ACCIDENTE IN CRESTERE<br />
INFRASRUCTURA VECHE SI<br />
DEPASITA<br />
REALITY
REALITATI<br />
TRENURI MODERNIZATE<br />
STATII MODERNIZATE<br />
REALITY
Next dest<strong>in</strong>ation<br />
Warehous<strong>in</strong>g Industry
<strong>Romania</strong> – Industria de<br />
Warehous<strong>in</strong>g<br />
‣ Nu exista statistici precise referitoare la CA;<br />
‣ Depozite Clasa “A” : 1.25 + mil mp<br />
850 000 mp <strong>in</strong> zona Bucuresti<br />
10 – 25 % rata neocuparii<br />
4,50 – 5,00 Eur/mp pt 2 500 - 10 000 mp<br />
tarife mai mici pt suprafete de mai sau pt<br />
locatii mai departate de marile orase<br />
utilitati : 0,75 – 0,85 Eur/mp<br />
durata contract : 3 - 5 years<br />
FIGURES
<strong>Romania</strong> – Industria de<br />
Warehous<strong>in</strong>g<br />
Depozite Clasa “A” <strong>in</strong> zona Bucuresti<br />
uresti<br />
FIGURES
<strong>Romania</strong> – Industria de<br />
Warehous<strong>in</strong>g<br />
REALITY
<strong>Romania</strong> – Industria de<br />
Warehous<strong>in</strong>g<br />
La f<strong>in</strong>alul an<strong>ului</strong> 2008, piata <strong>in</strong> zona Bucuresti a adus <strong>in</strong>ca 350 000-400 000 mp<br />
de spatii de depozitare clasa “A”<br />
2008 – Rata de neocupare sub 7%.<br />
2009 – Rata de neocupare sub 12 %.<br />
In 2010 numai 33 000 mp au fost construiti iar rata de neocupare<br />
a crescut la peste 15%<br />
FACTS
Conceptul de distributie <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>Romania</strong><br />
Datorita caracteristicilor geografice :<br />
- Ierni dure … <strong>in</strong> special <strong>in</strong> pasurile montane si zona Buzau<br />
- Munti <strong>in</strong>alti cu pasuri <strong>in</strong>guste ... Majoritatea cu o banda pe sens<br />
- Nici o autostrada nu traverseaza muntii<br />
- Inundatii primavara<br />
- Viteza medie comerciala<br />
camion = max 50 km/h<br />
Majoritatea companiilor au ales<br />
modelul de distributie cu 2 depozite:<br />
FACTS
Conceptul de distributie<br />
cu 2 depozite :<br />
Conceptul de distributie <strong>in</strong><br />
<strong>Romania</strong><br />
- unul <strong>in</strong> Transilvania<br />
(Centrul, Vest-ul sau<br />
Nord-Vest-ul Romaniei)<br />
- Unul <strong>in</strong> Sudul Romaniei<br />
Conceptul DC-<strong>ului</strong> unic => costuri de distributie mai mari cu 8%<br />
pana la 20% (<strong>in</strong> fucntie de locatia DC-<strong>ului</strong>)<br />
Conceptul DC-<strong>ului</strong> unic dev<strong>in</strong>e <strong>in</strong>teresant <strong>in</strong> cazul distributiei<br />
regionale : <strong>Romania</strong> + Bulgaria + Fostele tari iugoslave<br />
FACTS
Next dest<strong>in</strong>ation<br />
URMARILE CRIZEI :
ROMANIA & IMF Stand-by Agreement<br />
Angajamentele Guvern<strong>ului</strong> :<br />
• Reducerea salariilor bugetare cu 25%<br />
• Reducerea pensiilor cu 15%<br />
• Reducerea sau anularea unor plati sociale<br />
• Reducerea cheltuielilor bugetare<br />
• Restructurarea organigramei de personal angajat <strong>in</strong> sectorul<br />
bugetar<br />
• Ment<strong>in</strong>erea <strong>in</strong>flatiei sub 5,5%<br />
START : 1 Iunie 2010<br />
FIGURES
ROMANIA & IMF Stand-by Agreement<br />
Consec<strong>in</strong>te Macro Economice :<br />
Scadere <strong>in</strong> cash flow :<br />
scaderea puterii de cumparare a<br />
consumator<strong>ului</strong> f<strong>in</strong>al<br />
<strong>in</strong> sectorul privat :<br />
concedieri<br />
falimente<br />
O mare parte d<strong>in</strong> credite executate pt<br />
nereambursare ... dar cum poate banca sa valorifice<br />
bunurile returnate (case, camioane etc.) ?<br />
Inflatia deja a urcat foarte mult<br />
FIGURES
ROMANIA & IMF Stand-by Agreement<br />
Consec<strong>in</strong>te Macro Economice :<br />
Combustibilii au at<strong>in</strong>s cote nemai<strong>in</strong>talnite : Diesel 5,30<br />
RON/l … fata de 4,10 RON/l <strong>in</strong> 2007.<br />
Industriile cele mai afectate sunt cele legate de<br />
consum si de constructii :<br />
Constructiile<br />
Dezvoltatorii de imobiliar<br />
Electronice, electrocasnice etc.<br />
Prima data cand FMCG-ul este afectat<br />
FIGURES
ROMANIA & IMF Stand-by Agreement<br />
Consec<strong>in</strong>te <strong>in</strong> Logistica & <strong>Supply</strong> <strong>Cha<strong>in</strong></strong>:<br />
Furnizorii 3PL cu activitati <strong>in</strong> <strong>in</strong>dustriile afectate sunt<br />
“pe rosu”<br />
FMCG & Industrial-ul <strong>in</strong>cep sa se optimizeze …<br />
conceptul distributiei regionale e d<strong>in</strong> ce <strong>in</strong> ce mai<br />
<strong>in</strong>teresant<br />
Combustibilul pune presiune foarte mare pe costurile<br />
SC<br />
In plus scaderea volumelor a micsorat economiile de<br />
scala si chiar a scumpit costul unitar logistic<br />
Aproape toate proiectele imobiliare “<strong>in</strong>ghetate”<br />
Exceptie notabila : Kaufland deschide 13 noi<br />
magaz<strong>in</strong>e + 1 DC (Turda) pana la f<strong>in</strong>alul lui 2011<br />
FIGURES
ROMANIA & IMF Stand-by Agreement<br />
Actiuni <strong>in</strong> Logistica & <strong>Supply</strong> <strong>Cha<strong>in</strong></strong>:<br />
Sourc<strong>in</strong>g-Procurement<br />
Procurement-Inventory<br />
Top management au actionat <strong>in</strong> mai multe directii<br />
pentru economii <strong>in</strong> SC :<br />
Descresterea nivel<strong>ului</strong> de stoc<br />
Purchas<strong>in</strong>g realizat la nivel regional<br />
Redef<strong>in</strong>irea dimensiunii m<strong>in</strong>ime a comenzilor<br />
(produse f<strong>in</strong>ite, componente dar si materii prime)<br />
Redef<strong>in</strong>irea ariei de livrare regionala a produselor<br />
cu ambalaj unic (“language circle”) <strong>in</strong> mai multe<br />
tari<br />
Jo<strong>in</strong>t-Venture-uri <strong>in</strong> Procurement pentru preturi de<br />
achizitie mai bune<br />
FIGURES
ROMANIA & IMF Stand-by Agreement<br />
Actiuni <strong>in</strong> Logistica & <strong>Supply</strong> <strong>Cha<strong>in</strong></strong>:<br />
Sales Operation Management<br />
Top management au actionat <strong>in</strong> mai multe directii<br />
pentru economii <strong>in</strong> SC :<br />
Scaderea complexitatii pr<strong>in</strong> reducerea nr-<strong>ului</strong> de<br />
SKU-uri<br />
Lansarea de tendere pentru externalizarea<br />
logisticii si/sau distributiei<br />
Redef<strong>in</strong>irea model<strong>ului</strong> de distributie (mai put<strong>in</strong>e<br />
HUB-uri; consolidari <strong>in</strong> Distribution Centers;<br />
operatiuni Cross-Dock etc.)<br />
Redef<strong>in</strong>irea impreuna cu clientii f<strong>in</strong>ali a<br />
dimensiunii m<strong>in</strong>ime a comenzilor<br />
FIGURES
ROMANIA & IMF Stand-by Agreement<br />
Actiuni <strong>in</strong> Logistica & <strong>Supply</strong> <strong>Cha<strong>in</strong></strong> :<br />
Sales Operation Management<br />
Top management au actionat <strong>in</strong> mai multe directii<br />
pentru economii <strong>in</strong> SC :<br />
”Pariu pe volum” si nu pe pret.<br />
Revigorarea “apetit<strong>ului</strong>” de cumparare pr<strong>in</strong><br />
promotii<br />
Ext<strong>in</strong>derea operatiunilor peste hotare la nivel<br />
regional<br />
FIGURES
ROMANIA & IMF Stand-by Agreement<br />
Actiuni <strong>in</strong> Logistica & <strong>Supply</strong> <strong>Cha<strong>in</strong></strong> :<br />
Work<strong>in</strong>g Capital<br />
Schimbarea termenelor de plata pe cicluri mai lungi (<strong>in</strong><br />
special pe moneda <strong>in</strong>terna)<br />
Ex : Termenul traditional <strong>in</strong> transport rutier era 30 …<br />
60 zile. Multi beneficiari <strong>in</strong>cearca sa schimbe <strong>in</strong> 60<br />
… 120 zile.<br />
Pe de alta parte pana acum 2…3 luni cursul RON/EUR<br />
avantaja exporturile … apoi a venit <strong>in</strong>tarirea RON … plus<br />
criza combustibil<strong>ului</strong>. Pentru a se proteja de aceasta<br />
<strong>in</strong>stabilitate ambele categorii <strong>in</strong>cearca sa-si armonizeze<br />
termenele de <strong>in</strong>casare cu termenele de plata<br />
FIGURES
ROMANIA & IMF Stand-by Agreement<br />
Actiuni <strong>in</strong> Logistica & <strong>Supply</strong> <strong>Cha<strong>in</strong></strong> :<br />
Cheltuieli Generale<br />
”Inghetarea” <strong>in</strong>vestitiilor ne-critice (must-to-have vs<br />
nice-to-have)<br />
Redef<strong>in</strong>irea politicii de CAPEX :<br />
Ex : orientarea catre leas<strong>in</strong>g/rent<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong> loc de<br />
achizitie<br />
Reducerea costurilor de calatorii bus<strong>in</strong>ess pr<strong>in</strong> :<br />
Alegerea locatiilor de meet<strong>in</strong>g-uri regionale <strong>in</strong> “baricentru”-ul<br />
care aduce cele mai mici costuri<br />
Setarea agendelor mult <strong>in</strong> avans pentru favorizarea<br />
achizitiei de bilete de avion low cost<br />
Folosirea de sisteme tele/video-confer<strong>in</strong>te<br />
FIGURES
LAST STOP<br />
Q&A
END<br />
MULTUMESC !