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Cronica cercetărilor arheologice din România – campania 2006
3. Dan Buzea, Gheorghe Lazarovici, Descoperirile Cucuteni-
Ariuşd de la Păuleni Ciuc – Ciomortan „Dâmbul Cetăţii”.
Campaniile 2003 – 2005. Raport Preliminar. Angustia 9, 2005,
p. 25 – 88
4. Gheorghe Lazarovici: New Archaeological Research about
Cucuteni–Ariuşd Culture. Transylvania. În: Tripolian
Settlements – Gigants. The international symposium material,
Kiev, 2003, p. 217-231
Abstract:
The prehistorically settlement from Păuleni Ciuc is known
under the name of Ciomortan or Şoimeni. The settlement is
situated at about 8 km northeast from Miercurea-Ciuc city and
at about 1 km north-east from Şoimeni village, in the place
called by the villagers Várdomb (Dâmbul Cetăţii).
The settlement has oval shape, with a surface of about 60
(north - south) x 90 (east - west). The site’s emplacement in
this point was well choose by the prehistorically communities.
The settlement is well hidden between the hills from the west
slope of Ciucului Mountain and it offers a good visibility over
the Ciuc Valley.
The settlement was discovered in the interwar period by Al.
Ferenczi who included it in the repertory of Dacian fortresses
from Transylvania. Between 1956, 1960 and 1967
archaeological researches were made here by Székely Zoltán.
The settlement was inhabited in the Early Copper Age
(Cucuteni-Ariuşd and Bodrogkeresztur Cultures), in the Late
Copper Age (Coţofeni Culture) and in the Middle Bronze Age
(Costişa - Ciomortan and Wietenberg Cultures).
Between 1999 and 2006 the director of The Museum of
Eastern Carpathians from Saint George, Valeriu Cavruc,
coordinated the archaeological researches.
In the 2006 campaign were researched the traces of three
complexes which were used to inhabit:
House No. 21, has a rectangular shape, the dimensions of 3.8
- 4 x 2.5 - 3 m with every corner lightly rounded. After the
house was put on fire, the floor burnt and became red with
shades of brown and black a.
Complex No. 23 (hut). The complex’s pit had the
dimensions of about 2.2 x 2.8 m and it was oriented on the
direction NE-SV. In its northern side, the complex’s pit has a
channel (ditch) with a length of about 0.8 m and a breadth of
0.4 m (it probably represents the place used as entrance in the
house “hut”).
House No. 24. The house was disposed on the direction
NE-SV. It had a rectangular shape with the dimensions of
about 4,5 x 4 m. A part of the floor’s smooth daub was very
well kept; it has 4.5 x 1.5 m. The house was discovered in the
northern side of the settlement, were the ground is inclined.
Pit No. 8. The pit has a circular shape with the diameter of
1.3 m; the walls are vertical towards the flat base. The pit was
dogged approximately 0.4 m on the hill’s natural rock. The
padding was formed from earth mixed with stones, ceramic
fragments, carbonized wood and ashes.
Pit No. 9 was partially researched. The pit in its western
side has a semicircular shape with the diameter 1.4 m. In
section, the pit’s profile has the shape of a “clepsydra” with a
lightly spherical base; it was dogged at about 1.2 m on the hill’s
natural rock. The pit’s padding is compound of stony earth with
a brown-yellowish colour, mixed with brown earth combined
with remains of carbonized wood, burnt wood and a few traces
of ashes.
364
Post holes.
There have been researched 35 post pits, of different types
and shapes. Some of them belong to the house’s infrastructure
and others belong probably to some interior arrangements.
Fire hearths
There have been discovered and researched 3 fire
installations; Hearth No. 25, Hearth No. 26 and Hearth No. 27.
All researched hearths had a stone made pavement over
which it was applied a clay stratum. Another hearth or house
floor was partially researched; it remains to be set on our next
archaeological research.
Simultaneously with the archaeological research an
experiment was realised concerning the construction o a fire
installation (hearth) after the type of those discovered inside
the Cucutenian houses.
187. Şuţeşti, com. Şuţeşti, jud. Brăila
Punct: Popină, Val
Cod sit: 44159.01, 44159.02
Autorizaţia de cercetare arheologică preventivă nr.
422/2006
Colectiv: Valeriu Sîrbu - responsabil, Stănică Pandrea,
Viorel Stoian (M Brăila), Costin Croitoru (MJI Galaţi)
Punctul „Val”
Situl este situat la marginea vestică a satului Şuţeşti şi
urmează un traseu ce începe la marginea cimitirului satului, în
stânga DN 22 Brăila – Rm. Sărat, şi se mai poate observa pe
un traseu de cca. 1 Km. Cercetarea preventivă s-a impus
datorită riscului distrugerii acestui val de către activitatea
cotidiană a locuitorii comunei: la capătul nord-estic al valului se
află cimitirul satului, iar locuitorii au început să sape în el
pentru a-şi înmormânta defuncţii, iar pe traseul său au fost
executate patru căi de acces spre zone cultivată deoarece el
închide, practic, accesul spre lunca Buzăului.
Primele informaţii despre acest sistem de fortificaţii le
avem de la Pamfil Polonic. Acesta a menţionat existenţa unui
val, cu l de 20 m şi h de 2-4 m, şi a două şanţuri (primul cu l de
11 m şi ad. de cca. 2 m, iar al doilea şanţ cu l de 7 m şi ad. de
cca. 1 m), ce se întindeau pe o distanţe de cca. 900 m.
Anterior săpăturii a avut loc o evaluare de teren, efectuată de
Stănică Pandrea, Viorel Stoian şi Costin Croitoru, în perioada
14–27 august 2007.
Obiectivele acestei cercetări preventive au fost identificarea
traseului păstrat al fortificaţiei şi modul de amenajare a valului
şi a şanţului.
Valul. Este dificil de stabilit întinderea sa iniţială întrucât a fost
puternic afectat de-a lungul timpului; dacă ar fi să judecăm
utilitatea sa, atunci el ar fi trebuit să aibă minimum 10 Km,
adică să bareze accesul spre două vaduri naturale ce coborau
în lunca Buzăului, izolând, astfel, o suprafaţă de câteva zeci de
hectare. Acum se mai observă pe o L de cca. 1 Km, la V de
DN 22 Brăila – Rm. Sărat, având orientarea NE-SV, la E de
acest drum naţional el a fost distrus de localnici când şi-au
ridicat locuinţele.
În zonele unde valul se păstrează cel mai bine el are o
formă trapezoidală, cu h de 2,5-3 m, cu baza de cca. 15 m şi
cu partea superioară, aproape plată, lată de cca. 6 m. În
vederea cercetării lui s-a trasat secţiunea S1=36 x 2 m, din