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Contribulii la sludiul pe;terilor din regiunea Hunedoara

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<strong>Contribulii</strong> <strong>la</strong> <strong>sludiul</strong> <strong>pe</strong>;<strong>terilor</strong> <strong>din</strong> <strong>regiunea</strong> <strong>Hunedoara</strong><br />

oe<br />

Morgoreto Dumilrescu, N. Orghidon, Ir. Orghidon. Vol. Pugcoriu, Jcno<br />

Tonosochi. M. Georgescu 9i $t. Avrom<br />

551.142<br />

Aul.orii prczinttr lezultatclc obthutc ln urmq ccrcctirilor elcctuate<br />

h 16 pc$tcri <strong>din</strong> carstul rcgiuntl Huncdoara.<br />

Dup:i o scurli vc(tcrc dc snsan lu {supra gcomorlologiel rcgiunli<br />

sc dru, pcDtru ficcare pctlcr:l, lsl.oricul, locallzarea, dcscricrca topografici<br />

$i sDcomorfologlctr, caraclcriza.ea <strong>la</strong>ctorilor Iizlci ti trotict,<br />

fauna de ncvert€bmte, chtropterele ll rcsturile schclctlce dG ms_<br />

nliferc,<br />

Listcle cu spcciilc <strong>la</strong>unci cavernicolc de nevertebratc slnl- completatc<br />

cu cele alc fauncl <strong>la</strong>pidicole tI litoc<strong>la</strong>ztcc <strong>din</strong> vccinltatea pct<strong>terilor</strong>'<br />

Lucrarca sc lrrchcie cu cllcva conslderatli prellmtnarc asupra <strong>la</strong>unel<br />

subtcranc <strong>din</strong> rcgionoa stud<strong>la</strong>ttr.<br />

lnfroducere<br />

Regiunea llunedoara ocupd, o suprefltd vastir care se l tindo ilin<br />

inima Carpafilor nfelidiona,li pind, in apropieree bazinului-.A.rioqului spre<br />

*t,1, [Jit.t" ao zona ceitrali a liluritrilor Apussni. Cuprindo astfel<br />

*oi i",iito "* zinc ctlcaroase care apar{,in unbr unith{,i sttucl,ualo iliforitc'<br />

Pesterile sint loctdizato mai ates ln troi zone deosebite, 9i nnumo: oxtro-<br />

^iiaiea U" suil a regiunii cu partea ils vest a bazinului Jiului'. l.l-zona<br />

Ohaba-Ponor-Cioclov:ina gi in rigiunea tle suil a Muniilor Apusoni,(tlunlrt<br />

Mota,lici rli Muntii Trasciului), l"n zona cuprinsi lntro Bii<strong>la</strong> qi Y&loa Am-<br />

Doiului ' - (firi. 1).<br />

Ioiep-i"O'ain 1950' eu fost corcetato tn fieca,rs au poqtori tlin celo<br />

troi zone diforite, oooa cd no'a <strong>pe</strong>rmis sd, obsorstm do <strong>la</strong> incoput aspootolo<br />

d.eo8obit'c, caractsristicc licci,roia, di'n olo.<br />

bi"'fgfO tre-a,m concontr&t corco[erils asupr& zonoi do sutl-vost a<br />

MuntiloiSeteg, tn cane so gisesc monumontalelo pogtoti al6 <strong>la</strong> CiooloYitra qi<br />

Lucr. [nst, dE r<strong>pe</strong>ol. ,,Emil Rocovil6", l. Vl, P. 9-88, Eucurotti, lt57


M/{RG/\nETlr Dlnlrfnliacv<br />

d coI./\B.<br />

Sura Mare <strong>din</strong> Ohaba, ?recum fi numeloaso alte <strong>pe</strong>gteri mai mici, t<strong>la</strong>r<br />

nu mri putin interesanto, f,a acestsa, se adaugf qi <strong>pe</strong>qtera do Ia Gure<br />

Cetilii, do <strong>pe</strong> versantul nordic al Mungilor &etezet (fig: 1).<br />

Irucmrea, de fati uu cuprinilo poqterile ile <strong>la</strong> Cioclovina, a ctrror ccrcetare<br />

inc[ Drr estc terminati. In schimb, dim d.escrioroa, <strong>pe</strong>$terii $ura Mero,<br />

I t----12@E<strong>pe</strong>5t.rt/or,ttu<strong>la</strong>t?'<br />

tecuu[l'#ffx,lffiiu,*<br />

Fi8. 1. - Situarca pc$tcrilor sludiatc ltr rcgiunca Huncdoara.<br />

4 - Porbro Cur6 cctitrll. 0-20 - rsrtc.,lc dln roDi Otbl8. lr - r'crlera de l.<br />

tccurl, :0 - le$lcro Caulr Ouolt 28 - !c{t,$! lrolU (e. rr I ZCO000},<br />

pcntru porfiunel corcctatt plni acum, tinintl seame ci o descriero completi<br />

a ci va fi practic imposibiltr, <strong>din</strong> cauza dificultdtilor <strong>pe</strong> ca,re le puno exploxarea,<br />

totaJi a accstei <strong>pe</strong>gtori. Deoarrce sistemul hidrologic al vd,ii subtorane<br />

a Ohabei a fost limurit in linii nari qi oum cercetd,r'ile nc-au luflrizat<br />

un matorittl Etiinfific sulicient de bogat, am considerat cd putcm prezente<br />

5i t<strong>la</strong>tclo obf,inute pind ln prezent in cercetarea acestci <strong>pe</strong>gteri.<br />

Concentraret, ln acca,st[ regiuDo r Muntilor Scbof & unui m&ro numlr<br />

de <strong>pe</strong>qteri, majoritatca cursuri subtorane, caro stribrt bordura de c&lcar<br />

ce mirgiDette masiurl muntos spre Dopresiunca Eafog, 6e a<strong>la</strong>toreqte rotiTi-


COMRIDUIII<br />

I]A S1VDIUIJ TESTEIIII]ON DtN ILDO. ESNIIDOAT'A<br />

tifii crescute n apolor ce vin <strong>din</strong> crista,lin spro Tara }Ia,legului, etrrse<br />

puternic de marca diforeufi de nivel. Tot prin acoast[ activil,ate, rogiuner<br />

a dobldtlit un caracter carstio dia colo mai tipice, cu numeroaso dolino conccntrete<br />

mei alcs ln zona Ponorioi qi ou chei impresionante, ca itr Valoa<br />

Pietrosului sa,u <strong>la</strong> Crivaalia, Activitatoa als oroziuno Si do coroziuro !<br />

accstor a<strong>pe</strong> a,suprl calcarelor a fost ufur',ti Di alo occialontclo tootonics<br />

c&re slnt soucontrate ln s<strong>pe</strong>cial in zona Oha,be, de <strong>la</strong> Cioolovina <strong>la</strong> norrl-vest<br />

pind <strong>la</strong> Gaura lui Cocolbea lo sual-est. O seris ile falii paralelo cu alireclia<br />

Nlt-SY bri.zde&zia, bortlura caloaroastr, bog&td, gi ln diaa<strong>la</strong>ze. Apole qi-ou<br />

gi,sit ilrumul de-a lungul ncostor Unii tectodce, coborind spre Doprosiunoa<br />

Ilnlcgului, unde Stroiul ls colecteazS, <strong>pe</strong> toots ii nnals a<strong>pe</strong>lo freatics alo<br />

conurilor de dejectis de <strong>pe</strong> dreapta rlului slnt mereu htrelinuto <strong>la</strong> ace<strong>la</strong>li<br />

niyol riilicat, constituind. un m€diu de viatd, acyaticd subt€rand fo to<br />

bogat tn s<strong>pe</strong>cii stigobii tlin grupa tric<strong>la</strong>ilelor, izopoalolor, amfipodelor, hidracarienilor<br />

ctc., studiato ln parte do C. Motaq, J. Tanasachi,<br />

1'. Orghidan (195?), ca ii de lt, Sorban (1964).<br />

Observofii geomorf ologice<br />

Depresiuneo Hopgului, culoorul Bdni;ei j problemo viii lronsversole<br />

s Jiului<br />

Alczlrrc, struclurl. Jara Ealegului esto o tlopresiuno tectonic[, ale<br />

cirsi contururi au inceput a so schifa lnci <strong>din</strong> mszozoic. ln lunga <strong>pe</strong>rioadi<br />

de timp co s-& scurs do ntunci, scos$a pimlntului a, suforit multo rricisi<br />

tu<strong>din</strong>i, cale, improuni, cu coi<strong>la</strong>lli factori modo<strong>la</strong>tori ai r.oliefului, tru imprima,t<br />

acostui colt de tard, lnlitigarea lui variatd do tlstizi ; un ges ln form6<br />

de triunghi <strong>la</strong> mijloc fi strlns p€ margini de trei meri uuititi orografice,<br />

fiecaro <strong>din</strong> ele nvind carncterele ei Da,rticu<strong>la</strong>re. Ace;te mase muntoaso nu<br />

lnchid complet mic& tad, rlintre elo, ci li <strong>la</strong>str posibilitatea comunicdrii cu<br />

cxtcriorul prin trei coridoaro de trecore, corespunzitoaro virlurilor hiunghiului<br />

amintit : <strong>la</strong> vest Po$ile tle I'ior ale Transilvaniei lontru comunicarer<br />

cu Banatul, <strong>la</strong> nord strlmtura Streiului ils sub Orleo, cu valea Mureqului<br />

qi cu interiorul bazinului transilvinean, <strong>la</strong> sud.ost culoarul Bilnilci,<br />

<strong>pe</strong> unalo so trece ln bazinul Pstrogani qi, mai dsparte, prin pasul Vilc&n<br />

tii surducul Jiului, ln Deprosiunea subaarpaticd, oltoan[. Acele&$i coridoarc<br />

de odgine ercziy-tectonicd servesc qi <strong>la</strong> dolimitaroo celor trei individu&[tA,li<br />

orografice, soparlnilu-lo una ale alta (fig. 2).<br />

Dinbre ccle trci mase muDtoase lnconjurtrtoare, lnfS,fiqarea cea mai<br />

impund,toa,ro o are Masivul Botez&t, als cirui vfufuri seme$e, scrijolito<br />

tlc ghefari, trec de 2 500 m. Culmi netezito, &semiudtoare lntro ele, coboari<br />

uqor do sub vilfuri spre noral, plnd <strong>la</strong> o linis oriontatd de <strong>la</strong> est <strong>la</strong> vest,<br />

de-a lungul cd,reia cuLmile so frlng brusc, prozentind, aloasupra bazinului<br />

dc scufund&rc, fafote mlri, cu povirniguri repozi, somno oaractsristico liniilor<br />

do fractur[. Printrs ocels fafeto lgi fac aparifia moi multo piraie<br />

caro, organizate in inimo munfilor, stribat bazinul prin vii <strong>la</strong>te qi &<strong>din</strong>ci,<br />

tEiate ln marile couuli aqtcrnuto tls sls ln formi do ovont&i, Po <strong>la</strong>tura


i--t l-i1--.i -E-E rrrrrrr'|<br />

t==:t tit1.t^ HH+#fl llll li\\\\\ -l lrjrl'jrjl<br />

Fig. 2. - Dep.esiunea Hategur*i Gchitn geomorforogicir) (georogia dupi alr. F. Lauler ti rL A. i<strong>la</strong>mul€a).<br />

1- gl8tlrl 'ti3tlline (Dhz. siiici) l-slstufi cllstalir€ (atrtoirlotr Rete4iu), 3 - cNlcsre (Jrfastc-leocoDtan), a - cletacic. 5 - Dsoi.! 9r Dlreosen.<br />

0 - Neoge!. 7 - Supnfrle de elozhoe (!br|?iuue) t) dife.tie forhsitlnt trtd!i!!, s.rn riisn, ,ltoccn). 8, o qt r0 _ Coatrri ilryto.Ale ,t teB.. (cu.!e!Drre),<br />

U - I-uscl, ri - I,lsti d. f.r.tq!6


C'NrtrIDqUI 'A AISDII'I, PESIAIIII,oB DIN I'EO. IIUNIXDOAIIA<br />

\<br />

aceasta sudici, <strong>pe</strong>isajul hafogan este deosobit tlo impresionant prin mirolia<br />

formclor snls.<br />

Marginoa noral-yesticE a bazinului are un as<strong>pe</strong>ct mai bllnrl, Masivul<br />

Poiand, Rusc6i o ca un scut ugor bombet ln psrtoe lui centrall, repr€zontottr<br />

pritr cels iloud virturi opropiats, csro nu ating 1 400 m (Rusca 1 359 m,<br />

Paaletul l- 38E m). Din acost centru mai lnalt coboarl, in panti lin[, iutorfluvii<br />

netezite qi sinuoaso, add,postind lntro olo gi po lelelo lor aqezlrilo<br />

,,p[duronilor", deosebindu-ss ln aceast5, priyintri de Il,etezat, lipsit tlo aqe.<br />

ziri statornico. Spro fara ll<strong>la</strong>fegului, Poiana lluscii se <strong>la</strong>sd, <strong>la</strong> nivelul<br />

unor oolino ssunde, prirtro cerc se doschial ln clmpio vii cu gurile l4rgite,<br />

lmpotmolite, punind in oyitlsnti fli prin acost semn caracterul tloprosionar<br />

al rr,oostei nrargini lnc{, nofixats a, bazinului.<br />

La est, fara Eafogului e md,rginitd, alo aripa, vesticd a Mungilor Soboqului,<br />

care urctr spre sud-ost phi <strong>la</strong> <strong>pe</strong>ste 2 000 m ($uri&nu 2 061 m, Virful<br />

lui Pdtru 2 133 m), ocupind astfol ce lndltime un loc intormediar lutro<br />

Iiotoz&t ffi Poiana Iiusad,i. Po <strong>la</strong>tura accast& a bazinului curso Stroiul,<br />

+r'l,onr lui colocl,oi.trc, curo, srrb prcsiunor.l alluonfilor <strong>din</strong> IiotoZat, a foni;<br />

silit si se aba,i,i, Bplo droa,pta fi si,-qi oreszo a,stf€l o vrlo asimotric[: conuri<br />

qi fragmeuto do torasd, po stlnga, iar po dreapta utr mal de-a lungul cd,ruia<br />

altorDeozi pintoni rotozrti do Shei, cu ilenivel{,ri plnd <strong>la</strong> 500 m gi bazino<br />

in tomfitoatru stribituts do vdi scurte, oprito brusc sub o masi de calcar.<br />

Astfel, marginea cstici a Tirii l<strong>la</strong>logului, datoritd, qi unei structuri moi<br />

lraliato, aparo a<strong>la</strong>ute<strong>la</strong>ti,, doosobintlu-so ln aceast[ privintd, a,tlt ds ma,rgino&<br />

lordicl, cu formc alomoalo qi assmi,nitoare, clt qi do cea <strong>din</strong> sud, cu forme<br />

Du prca yariato, a<strong>la</strong>r impundtoaro prin tlimensiunils lor.<br />

Sub raDort geologic, rolul prooumpd,nitor ln regiuno ll aro cristalinul,<br />

ciruia li apariin a,proa,po ln lntregimo colo trei maBe munto&so tlimprojur,<br />

procum $i lnsugi funt<strong>la</strong>montul Bcufutrdat al bazinului. trlsto do oubliniat ctr,<br />

lu timp oo Poiana Il,uscli qi Mun{,ii Ssbssului ropreziut[ p[rti crulrto alo<br />

croziune rlin pinzo gctici,, Mosivul Iiotczat €sto o udasi foroostri r eutohtonului,<br />

ajuns ln situatia ds astiizi datoritd, unoi puternico lndltdri, itrso-<br />

!it[ clo o mai intsnsi acliuno orcziytr, care a spi<strong>la</strong>t urmelo pinzei getico<br />

do po suprafa{ia lui,<br />

ln opoziliie cu masolc muntoago lnconjurdtoare, exDuso mult timp<br />

acfiunii agenfilor oxterni, bnzinul ilo scufundaro ilin nijloc I fost un cimp<br />

dc ac$iune prsponderentd a proceselor de roumu<strong>la</strong>ro. Umplorsa bazinului<br />

s-a, f[cut prin alternarea unor fazo continentals, cu tot atltoa cicluri tlo<br />

sedimentaro marini, semn el unor miqoiri opirogonicc, suacealeto lr diforite<br />

intervale. Ccls mai voohi depozito necutato, a,itsrnuto lo fundamcDt[l<br />

cristalin putornic outat, Blnt stratolo liasice


ll,\l{GAnrlI]\ DlllltlTr IISC'O Bi cot]\!.<br />

iD istoria molfologicd, a, tinutului. Au fost semna<strong>la</strong>to dc geologul N o p c 6 tl,<br />

(1005), c&rc a gisil, in clo losile tlc d.irosau]'ieni 'i c"1,rc, c,(Jl <strong>din</strong>tii, Ie-r prrs<br />

iu legir.l,urir, cu lntiusele supu,fefc uirclr,tc <strong>din</strong> l<strong>la</strong>sivul li cte4!t. D rn m. tl o<br />

II a, r t o D n e, dupf uuele ezit5,ri, g[sind ln 1921 o situalio aproa<strong>pe</strong> iclenticl<br />

in nl untii Aluscni, I putuL stabili, ln mod dcfin it iv .1i sigur, virs<strong>la</strong> pluli<br />

Iolnrci Boriricu. dcspr.b I circi existcnf.tr ia Curp.r,!i, ay,r rium a dcsci.is-o<br />

cl .rstizi, nu so lDiri iodoiesLc limcni.<br />

Cei<strong>la</strong>lti tcusni ai cretacicului su<strong>pe</strong>lior, cu iviri relrtiv r€alusc ps<br />

luiugincfl. brziuulni, sirrt de mai puliinl importaufi diD puDcl, dc vedcre<br />

molfolosic. In schinh, iolruaf,iunile niioccneicupi il 1i,;ic c-onl;inui, osi tlcstrrl<br />

dc llti-l <strong>la</strong>, lorcl rlc ll rrl,og, iul,orc&lLrtii ltrllrc cclc doud, unit il,i vooiuo ulc cr.istalilului<br />

rliu Poiu,no linsciri qi l{uufii Sobcfului. I o punl,c c&ro uucsto lll!r{!<br />

Ullcgului cu culorrrul nlurc,iului,<br />

UlLimclo depozitc tle origino marind, cu a,pi, salmr,slrt in bazinul<br />

I<strong>la</strong>.lcgului aparfin surl"r,f,ianu-iui inferior, rlupl care rn&rea, a piriisiL<br />

llccn,stir, rcginuc. luifcririlc pc verticDlir, &u conl,itrulll, ilrsl, Droduoind l,lrlbuliri<br />

]ir oorllit(j1.nl (liDlLo zonit lrlulrl;oil,sii, lti bilzin. lc cir.rri sorIirrrorrL0 rr-:r,rr<br />

IuIut trulrit, rtti;crllerr ascoutlouti t! llltruIilor.. Sl,r'irl,olc $i-!r'uliut,iouo diu col{,trl<br />

tiud-cstic al ba,zinului sinti ridicatc alroa<strong>pe</strong> <strong>la</strong>, vcrti&dl, in tirnp cc, in<br />

mijlooul bnzitrlrlui ;i pc uralgincru lui'uorrlic.i,, sctlincnl,rir.nl a foit, pril.iu<br />

dctlDjrll. I)cpozilclc 1'lioccttc sint, rcduso. Iu clrirlcrDil,t'u illternilt iucunllrltrcr<br />

dc conLrri aluvionue cu o inl,ousL acfiunc olozivii, c&ro {, spi,l&i calltitiif,i<br />

urnli tto uatorial iloumu<strong>la</strong>,t. Il,iLu.ilc <strong>din</strong> b!,zix se adiucosc tzi lro mlr.i<br />

itrlirrrlcri in slltulc danicuc.<br />

1lrrrr l<strong>la</strong>l,ciJului estc incndrrti intro m:r,i multc linii ds fructuri, <strong>din</strong>trc<br />

c&to douii sint m&i iDseD tate. Ccr do lr sud, mcniiouatri doju, nrc dircctia,<br />

lr-V li rcplezinti,limita surlicL a, bnzinului. Acctsti,linie, pusd, in cvidcnll<br />

de amintitclo <strong>la</strong>fetc ,5i dc rrarilc dcnivcli,ri <strong>din</strong>tr.o cristalin rii scdimontar,<br />

nu sc poato urmi,ri bino pc tcrcn <strong>din</strong> umzl, dollozitolor llrili rrni ctuo o<br />

maschea,zi,. A doua linic dc lracluri iudici rDa,rqiIrc.:r nord-cstici r bazinului<br />

ds scufuudale fi sc vedc c<strong>la</strong>L pc teren, iltr.o Ciocloviun 6i Obl,b:r, do<br />

sub Piatli,, u)rdc disptle sub d.eDozitole mai tinere alc bazinrrhti, in lino,<br />

o scrie dc Ialii mri rnici, lD$ira,te 1lc o linic sinuoa,sii intro $liva, ll,i,chito&s&,<br />

Pocni !i Gfi,di.:tc, iu


col{tnD}nTtl<br />

tA sTtrDtul EEsTanlLo& DrN lltlc. EuNxlro]txa<br />

considerate rlc geologi ca levantino, D.e fac sd, credem cd, e vorba do o<br />

p<strong>la</strong>tformi do abra,ziuno, niscuti ln vremea olntl bazinul I<strong>la</strong>fegului ora<br />

ocupat dc apclo <strong>la</strong>cului levanLin. Ir<strong>la</strong>gmentarea acestei p<strong>la</strong>tlormo o avut loc<br />

in prellnciar, dupd, car€ acoloagi lluri coborltoare tlin lietezat, printr-o<br />

ac{iune alternanti do acumu<strong>la</strong>rc qi do adlncire po verticald, au dat nafltere<br />

unui complex do conuri aluvionare sub acsi pintsni, resturi <strong>din</strong> voohm p<strong>la</strong>tformi<br />

alo abr.rziune. Doud, <strong>din</strong>tro rlurile ca,ro coboa,ri alin Eetezat au u!<br />

culs mai lung qi un dobit mai mare : Il,lul Mare le vsst qi Iilul Blrbat <strong>la</strong> ost.<br />

Acests doud, r'luri au contribuit lntr-o mi,surd, mai accontuat[ ln formarea Ei<br />

motlo<strong>la</strong>rea conulilor de oare vorbim. Riul Mane a spiJat o parto <strong>din</strong> propriul<br />

Iui con, rlind na,ltero unci lunci <strong>la</strong>,rgi, ln cuprinsul cdroie cl qi-e desplstit<br />

a<strong>pe</strong>lo ltt mai mult€ brolic. Il,tul 3d,rbat, cu niyclul tle bazd, mai apropiat,<br />

crrlgo po o vale mai stlimti qi mai adlncitd,, datoriti, cireia ti-a, cutat<br />

conul aqternut, dc el. Plraiele, crr volum mai mic, car€ curg printre cole<br />

doui a<strong>pe</strong> <strong>la</strong>,t$alc mai rnari, mr fi-ru putut adlnci viilo ln aceeaql mdsui,<br />

<strong>din</strong> c c c.lluzl piemontul nluvionar, cl[tlit de toate acests riud ln comun,<br />

r Id,tnlls mDi bornbrt h mijloo, Linia do rnarimi,lni,lfimo a lui, cu direcfio<br />

sprc Nll, risDunda iu insu<strong>la</strong>, do crisli{.Lliu <strong>din</strong> apropiore do Ciopw (D. foiouii,<br />

473 m), in caro $trciul iia, dcschis calsa pdn opigrnio, ca, Ei mai jos, <strong>la</strong><br />

Orleo (51C m). .A.cc.r,st& linie do marimi bomb&r'o & conurilor lrnDarto Tar&<br />

Ur,tcAului in doui $cctorro tlisl,inctc: uuul h. vcst (Riul Mero-), tultil l&<br />

cst (Biul Birbat). Spi|lirilo conurilor, complct dospidurito, sorwcsc ca,<br />

locuri de culturi,, p!,tuni,5i finofo. Cursurils do api sint insol,itc dc fisii<br />

lDguritrc de zi,vo&ie.<br />

ln complexul de conuri tle care & fost vorba se pot tlistingo mai c<strong>la</strong>r<br />

tlei indivialua,littti dcosebito, Iiecars ovind m&rginilo limitats do ctte o<br />

terasd, corcspunzi,toarc. Conul cel mai tha,r ar€ o dezvoltaro mai mars ln<br />

sectorul vcstric aI Deprcsiunii llnlegului, in lungul Riului Maro qi al raurificr,{,ioi<br />

nccstui:r,. I'ilhrl de Cinrp, unit cu lrilcidirulr n iuruintut Drult spre<br />

rord, dcscriind ul a,rc <strong>la</strong>rg ou convexit.uter spre mesivul Poiana, Iiuscii.<br />

Il cer mai joDsd, fli cea mai nou5, alintrc cele troi teraso dc acurnu<strong>la</strong>ro crLo<br />

ss pot alistingo mai c<strong>la</strong>r ln fara lfafogului. Mare& oi extindcro po ma,rginca,<br />

nordicd, a bazinului ne face sd deducem ci, ln acoa"sti <strong>pe</strong>rtc coresPunzitoorc<br />

celei mai mari adiucimi a depresiunii, milcarer epirogeuici, I]cgatilri continud,<br />

6i in zilelc noastre.<br />

Acearui ultim5, ticrasi, bine indiviilualizati,, csto dc vilsti holoconii,.<br />

Ccle doui terase de acumu<strong>la</strong>ro mai lnalte sint pleistocene. Pintonii ca,ro lo<br />

domini qi caro repr€zinti nivelul do eroziuno col ma,i lnalt iu b.lzin sint<br />

lcsiurilo Dd,scute in prog<strong>la</strong>ciar ale prosupusei p<strong>la</strong>ttormo ale abraziuno lecusl,rc,<br />

nrodc<strong>la</strong>,td ln lcfaniiu. Mun{,ii-mlrg:inagi jrhstreaze, urmelc unor uivelo<br />

ale eruziunc mai yechi, care pot fi impirfite tn trei grupc (cicluri sau goncra{ii<br />

de.formc) {i a,lo ci,ror valori hipsometrico variazi ltrtre limite dosiul<br />

ue marr :<br />

1) supmfote niysl*te ln pliocen lntre 700 gi 1200 mi<br />

2) suprafefe nive<strong>la</strong>,te in miocon lntre 1300 gi 1?00 m;<br />

3) suprafefe nive<strong>la</strong>te in €ocen lD.tro 1800 qi 2 200 m.<br />

Dstc vorba ale cole trei otaje semne<strong>la</strong>to als D m m. d e M a r t o I1 n e<br />

incd, do acum aproapo 60 ale ani-(1906 -100?) gi numits de ol' (lupi formole<br />

tipico gr,sito nproapo tle rogiunea I<strong>la</strong>!6gului, p<strong>la</strong>tformelo Gornovifat<br />

Il,iul $es qi Boriscu.


M/|ncAnET DUUfrnESdIt rt COr,AB.<br />

f|ormc dc modc<strong>la</strong>rc carstic[. Am aritet ce. pc marqine& ostici a<br />

Dcprcsiunii tral,cgului s-a p5,stra,t o flgie de cnlcai ale c[ioi d.imensiuni<br />

apr.oxinative. sitrt d.o 19 krn in lungim-o gi do 2-6 km tn ldtimo. Deqi<br />

nodcstir, ca lntindoro (40 kmr), suprafata acoDstr do calcar ' constituio<br />

unul <strong>din</strong> linuLurilc cerstice cclo mai caraoteristico <strong>din</strong> tara [oastri,. Calqr,rul<br />

cstc in cc,, mu,i Tale<br />

p-artc do virstl titonici rJi prcziuti lnsuqirilo,<br />

cuDoscutc ,Si <strong>din</strong> : l,c.pir!i, alc lccstei roci: aparo ln bancuri groese, csto<br />

masiv gi ourogen. 4l lDtluneqte doci.condi!iilc necesnre <strong>pe</strong>ntru fda nd,qtere<br />

unui carst tiipic. Nnml,i <strong>pe</strong> poyirniqul diospro Strei, irecum si in rioul<br />

iyiri nrici rlc pc <strong>la</strong>turn, sudici, a, blzinului, so glsolto ti cilcu,r scrlimentat in<br />

difcritc subdiviziuni &lc crctrcicului<br />

Dvolnfin formolor car.stico <strong>din</strong> aceasti regiune e fost inlluontati do<br />

poziiia phcii tle calcar.fafi de tmprojudmi. Alingitd de <strong>la</strong>Ny-Str1, pbca<br />

aceasta oste ca o b&d, ridicati ln caloa a<strong>pe</strong>lor caro boboartr d.inspro $irrianu<br />

sprc Tara I<strong>la</strong>lcgului. ln gursul lor su<strong>pe</strong>irior, plraiolo aceston cuirg exclusiv<br />

prin c;ristolin. Intlolrll, cc dDu dc J)luce dc cc,lc&r, olo sc tr'|,nsformi-lu cursuri<br />

subl crrlllc. ^IriL Dul,rgilloir, slld-vosliici, , pllcii rcIlp.n Ll zi ;i dovitr tt,llucuto alo<br />

Stlciului. In uord gtrsim unclc cxcopgii. Apclc de <strong>la</strong>, Ponorici, devenind<br />

subtcrung, se abftt splo Nll qi, rctJtir,rlnd Lr, Cioclovina, sc indrmptf dupi<br />

ciliva liilouretri sprc NV, citre Strci. Accastri ab:Iter.e sc dntore6tc unei<br />

captiri subtcranc de cd,trc riul Lruncanilor, ciuo esto tot un alluont al<br />

Stroiului, c<strong>la</strong>r mai apropiat de Muref. O alti oxcepiie ests a, Streiului<br />

insuqi, carc shi,bilto phca, rle calcar printr-o rralo dcschisi <strong>la</strong> zi. Ta,vnnul<br />

cursului subtcrru dc oltidatd s-x pribuqit, Si r,st{,zi Sheiul, riu cu cursul<br />

mni lung qi ilcci cu un dcbit mai bogat, se a<strong>din</strong>coqte in fuudamontul cdstaliD.<br />

O situalic siuri<strong>la</strong>ri, gi,sim po margincl lordicr, a, Dcprelriunii subcnl-<br />

1lnl,ico oltene, untlo o figic aseniinltoaio de oalcar este slribituti, transvcrsal<br />

clo riuri alohtonc, cu izvoarslo in cristtlin, prin dclileuri implcsion&ntc<br />

c&rc, in ma,joritatca cazurilor, nu sirt altoova, dccib vochi pciitori<br />

cu tavit ttul pribu,Sit.<br />

lu zona, I<strong>la</strong>fegului, numai Stroiul a rou.;it si, lnliturc complct ploca<br />

de calcor cllle ii a,coporea cursul subtoran. ColclDlto a<strong>pe</strong>, ptrrelcle cu el,<br />

sint pimie rnici, irr p<strong>la</strong>ca de calcar pare a ti mai groasi ln dreptul lor.<br />

Dstc sigur tnsi, cii $i cursurilc s[bterane alo tccstol vi,i vor iegi <strong>la</strong> zi<br />

pr.ir1 ro[dcrcir qi surprlea tavanelor care le a,copoli. Aclriurrce lor it acost<br />

sens esto ajrtoti, de luternica diao<strong>la</strong>zare a bancurilor tle calcnr (unele diac<strong>la</strong>ze<br />

s.au translormat ln adeyiroto falii). Pe marginea vo$ticl r plicii,<br />

stratele scdimenta,re sint inclinate mult, imnreuni cu funda,mcutul crist*-<br />

lin, spre bazinul hafcgnn, sub a, clrui $uprtf;ti dispar in r<strong>din</strong>c. IUri a,di,ugri,rn<br />

cI irtrc rna,rgiDell nord-esticl a plicii calcnroaso, uldo lpolc vcnito<br />

<strong>din</strong> a,r'ia, c}ist&lini se tmnsforni ln cursuri subtorane, qi l.alea colectoaro a<br />

Shoiului cstc o tlfforonfd, tle nivel do cel putitr 500 rn, ceea co ajuti forfelo<br />

crozivo in sld,bi-rca Di reducele& plicii de calctr.<br />

Dintro tormols ca$ticc lntilnite in rcgiuno, rloul catcgor.ii meritl o<br />

monfiuno s<strong>pe</strong>cialS,, atlt <strong>pe</strong>ntru frocventa lor, ait, 9i pcntru ln.Iifiqarea lor<br />

caractcri$tici,. Citd,m, ll] primul rlnd, <strong>pe</strong>gtaril,a, cclo mai nulto actiye, stri,-<br />

bdtute de cursuri subter&ne. Unele sint cunoscul,o mai do mult ncDtru<br />

bogiif,in lor in consctiuni de calciti,, cu formo foa,rto variate, pcntru urmelo<br />

tle culturd, mrr,teriali <strong>din</strong>


CONtf,BolU<br />

LA STUOTITT, IS|TEATI,OB<br />

DIN BEO. IIONBDOABA<br />

Uscati ilo <strong>la</strong> Cioclovina contino mult gu*no. Notdm cA <strong>pe</strong>gtore oceest&<br />

constittio uD coridor su<strong>pe</strong>rior al Cioolovinoi cu Ap[, roprozenti.nd un ni-<br />

]'ol dg eroziuno diluvial al acosteia (D, Cholnoki).<br />

Supra,fafn plicii de coloar este fres[rati cu num.eroase dolino, o iloua<br />

cetegodo ds formo can8tico bd,titotrro b ochi in oco0,std regiune. Unolo<br />

<strong>din</strong>tro alolino slnt singumtice, eltolo slnt lnryirato clto doutr sa,u moi multo<br />

po &cc6aqi linio, cu ten<strong>din</strong><strong>la</strong> de r s€ tr&trsforna ln uyale.<br />

Culonrul llinilci, Problena vlii trnnsversalo a Jiului. Deprosiunea<br />

Elfegului propriu-zisi Bo lntintlo sprs SD plntr, aproaps ale Crivotlia. Ds<br />

aici llnl <strong>la</strong> Co<strong>la</strong>tot Bolii este continuoti printr-un golf <strong>din</strong> cs tn cs mai<br />

strimt, a cd,rui suprafap, ugor yi,luriti, domini fara Ea9ogului cu posto<br />

200 m. Acest culoar su8psndat, prin ca,re so fuoe troooroa alitr Ta,re Esiegului<br />

ln bazinul Petroqani qi ca,rc ilsBparte trfiasiyul Retezatului ilo Munfii<br />

Seboqului, este un sinolinal ndsout priD.tr-o inflsx-iune e luna<strong>la</strong>montului<br />

crisk;Un q'i a cuyerturii Iui do calcar (-ptnza geticd). ln levantin, sinolinalul<br />

a lost ocup&t do a<strong>pe</strong>lo unui <strong>la</strong>c, tlo po urma, clruie o rim,rs ln b&zin o<br />

m&8i, do dopozitc Bc<strong>din</strong>ronl,lro <strong>la</strong>custro lD grosimo do l,lt0-2o0 rn. Duptr<br />

r€tragorea a,<strong>pe</strong>lor <strong>la</strong>custle, riurile coborltoare de <strong>pe</strong> lnd{;imile vocine lu<br />

astcrnrrt <strong>pe</strong>ste masa sodimentard o piturl alo boloy[niiuri, aduso, ln parte,<br />

de <strong>la</strong> alistanto mai mari, <strong>din</strong> zona autohtonului, Din aceasti pd,tur[ nu s-au<br />

mai pistrat dccit resturi sporadice (fig. 3).<br />

Vrodnic de subliniot ni so pare faptul c[ dronareo culoarului Binifei,<br />

evitlent{, anox5, a li,rii Eafogului, Du sste hdroptetl spre Strei, ci ln<br />

dircctie inversi, spro Potro{ani, culoarul f{cinil Barto doci tlin bozinul<br />

Jiului. Cumpina lntre cslo doni bezino vocino, al Jiului qi al Stroiului,<br />

afluent al Mure,gului, este stabilitd astd,zi <strong>pe</strong> suprafa<strong>la</strong> umpluturii seilimentaro<br />

(cota 759 m), circia phai€lo tributaro als Stroiului ii dau putornicc<br />

asalturi.<br />

Ulucul Binigei, cu functia lui de verigi intro Tara l<strong>la</strong>logului gi bazinul<br />

Potrogani, a rtre$ atcnfia csrcotltorilor Garo a-au ocupat cu isforir<br />

yiii transvorsale:r Jiului, roor<strong>din</strong>du-i o impoft&n$I doosobitd. Pirerea.<br />

astizi cursntl in litemcura geogratici esto cd sinclinalul Bini$si rsprezintd<br />

vschea vnlo a Jiului spro Tara Eatogului, lnainto de o so Ii strtpuns prin<br />

orozi[no rogresivd m&rels surtluc alo <strong>la</strong> l]ainici. Considorim c[ nu putem<br />

inchsia, sourtia no1rtr, asupra evolulioi Dopresiunii Eafegului qi a culoa,rului<br />

Si,nifei f[r{, a aduco in tliscufio gi importanta problomi a viii transversale<br />

a Jiului, atit tlo strins legntd de colo tloui unitdli geografice vecine.<br />

Prirnul autor romin caro 8-a ocupot npi lndoaproa,pc do problema<br />

fucci,torii Jiului a fost Il. M r a z e o (1891). Itrtr-o scurt[ rnonografis, d.es<br />

citatl[ ln literatura de snocialitato, aoest autor a omis o iDotezd remaroabili,,<br />

<strong>pe</strong>utru timpul apa-rifiei ei, c:u priviro <strong>la</strong> aceegtd pr6blem[. Iatd, ln<br />

olteva cuvinte, cun lgi oxplici I.,. M r a z o c formarea tlelileului Jiului.<br />

Acost dcfileu iles?erto doui, masiyo muntoaso do tipuri morfologico<br />

alifedto: do o prrto Palingul, un ,,notl orografic" cu caracter nlpin, alo alte<br />

Munfii Vllcanului, un ,,Mittelgcbirge" nivo<strong>la</strong>t (1600-1 600 m), consti$uit<br />

<strong>din</strong>tr-o spinaro contral[ (boltd, tlo anticlin*l), alin oaro se dosfac ramificatii<br />

Isnate, asimotrics : ccle <strong>din</strong> Butl prelungi, purtintl l-ncd, po ma,rginoa <strong>din</strong>spre<br />

dealurilo oltsne resturi do piotriquri alo uDei teraso lnelto (160 m), aqtemuto<br />

?est6 sotlimente miocono ; colo alin noral, scurts qi re<strong>pe</strong>zi, culmoa principalS<br />

dominind aproale diroct b*zinul miocon d Potmganitor. In Surduc so


20 I'L{ROlrEaA DUDllTllEdO!! at CoLi\B.<br />

getici ii autohton. Acest plriu ost€ unul ilintre fottiidluonfi ai Bnnifti<br />

otri,tuti spro Strci.<br />

Golful cu B ta Binitei, tngustlnalu-se spre est, se infund* Ia Cetatea<br />

Bolii tr fafl unci traricre de calcai jurasic. Aici se nduni trpctc a trel pi$ie :<br />

Biuite <strong>din</strong>spro vcst, Jugircase gi Juplnensa, care curg amlnrloud, <strong>din</strong>spre<br />

uord. Ull,imul liu, lnainte rle contlucnii, troce prinl,r.un tunel scurt<br />

(455 m), PoStcr'& dc sub Cotabe& Bolii. Din semuele pi,strato se Doate deduco<br />

cii, ,5i cclohlto doui lira,io au strlpuns mai de mult bara, di calcar prin<br />

cursuli subtoru,nc. Contluon<strong>la</strong> cclor trei plmie oste Ia,070 ln obs. Noua vale<br />

rig. 3. - Culorrul ixnilci (schiln crrtogratici).<br />

lntboptatd, sprc Pehoia,ni poarbd, Dumole do Apa, Cr.ivrrlici. lrD cstc insotitn,<br />

do o tous[, care are lnf,,liimea do circa 50 ur Si c&lo so po&te urmiri<br />

6i <strong>pe</strong> celo troi vii dc h conlluentd in su.s. Pe vrr,lea, Blnifci, {orasn,L<strong>pe</strong>ra<br />

chi&r do pc curnpinr spro Mcriqor (cot&?50 rn), o rlti doyadi a, decxpitd,rii<br />

Bi,nifoi. Da sc racortle..rzi cu Eaua de <strong>la</strong> Cetrtca Bolii (?20), dc uualo<br />

urrneezl cil,, ln tiDlpul formd,rii accstei ter.l$e, Binita curgoe iu &cecati<br />

direciie co azi (fig. 3).<br />

Un alt niyol de eroziune in culoarul Bi,nitei c$tc roprozentat pritr<br />

villul cu ruiuelc Cetd,tii 3olii, <strong>la</strong>" 150 m dcasupir,Apoi Crivnilioi (inibs.<br />

8r7 m). Acost vL'f se ra,cord.eazi, cu Dc&lul Miudru (337 rrr), prccurn gi cu<br />

ftlto citcvft villuli <strong>din</strong> bazinul Ilinifci (cota 34? m do lingtr,,,caiiera dc<br />

ardczic", 8,13 rn clo&supra uarii caricre dc 1ing5, gara Blnita). Am ard,tat<br />

rnai luaiutc c6 uu nirrel ft! acecqi inllfime tiye;te toat[ margiuca [ordic5,<br />

a Mirsivu.lui Retozat. Acolo, cl oste ind.icat prin tlepozite do blocuri enorme,<br />

'a ci.ror calibru descre$te spre intcr.iorul tlepresiunii. Slnt aqa-nurnitelo<br />

pruntliquri dc Plogtina (N o p c I a, 1005), transport:Ito dc :)<strong>pe</strong> torentiate<br />

$i ll$t'ernntio tlorsupra ultimului tormiu al scdimentelor lxcustrc plioccne.<br />

Itlc constituie tlovada marilor miqciri Dozitive oxecutato do muntii iuconjurir,tori<br />

<strong>la</strong> finolo torti ului Si ln cuttornar. Acesto mi{ci,ri nu s-D[ potolit<br />

nici astezi, cum se poate deiluce, lntrc altolo, Di alin curiul grlbit nl riurilor


coNfnlBnTlr tA fmDlot I'xcifBBtr,ot DrN BDo. EuNtilro nA<br />

t<br />

ce coboarl <strong>din</strong> llstezat. Blul Btrnbat tqi prtrvdlegto a<strong>pe</strong>ls prin munti iutr-un<br />

Dir neinl,rerup t do rc<strong>pe</strong>ziqud.<br />

Reieso, <strong>din</strong> cele arittut€, ctr, culoarul Bd,nilei a treout in uitimul timp<br />

prin acelea,li fazo ca Tara l<strong>la</strong>tegului, cu car.e flcea corp comun : una locusl<br />

tri,.cu dspozite fine, setlimeut&to in apa liniqtiti e lftculni plioccn, alta<br />

IluYiltili, cDractorizate, prin aqternerea [uor dopozite do bolovtrniguri, caro<br />

insi, nu ating dirnsnsiunile celor transportate ln vest, direct <strong>din</strong> Iieiezat.<br />

In tinrpul cind s-a,u alelozitat ec€ste prundiguli, apole culoarului Bini<strong>la</strong><br />

era,u despigite de aceleo. tlin bazinul t<strong>la</strong>fegului. Drsnarsa buloarului ss<br />

fircca spre Jiu, cum roioso <strong>din</strong> sensul de inolinero a, nivolului de 800 m.<br />

Ciue i! fo$t primu, cumpi,ni sta,biliti intrc bazinul Uatogului {i cbiidorul<br />

Bi"nifci nu putem dealuco in mod precis <strong>din</strong> situagia de azi a founelor de<br />

teron. Nu crJte exolus sa, afari, de piltul ll,6chi!ii, monlionat mai inointe,<br />

si {i culr lD iDceDul, spre Bd,ni<strong>la</strong> ti phaiele BaNl qi 3{.ri$orul, alo cdror<br />

curcuri supcrioarc cad In zona autohtonului $i sint orientatc {rprc ND,<br />

a.rlilii, slrtc Rlnil.u, Un lucur pilrc oert. Dolpir$irca hidrogralicI, a


ll^llr;i\lllrT^<br />

IlUi! I'fll ESa:(t ll COtAn.<br />

l.t<br />

luir,l{,ruc, .,si riul r, fo$t silit s{i 80 &<strong>din</strong>ccescri mereu <strong>pe</strong> loc, Astlzi, clnd ilenivolu,ruu<br />

csl,o rlit dc Durlc fr,!i dc trocut, calot |}coDs[l do scurgoro so montino<br />

toLu$i libcri,, datoriti roactici tormidabile n riului. $int-viituri caro<br />

rirlicri nivclul }pci cu posbo 1? m de&supra otiajului. Furin apoi lnliturl orico<br />

baraj formlt <strong>din</strong> grohotiquri, olutreclri de sol, privd,liri do stlnci eto. Tinorctor!<br />

atit do bd,titoaro <strong>la</strong> ochi a Jiului nu trobrio si no surprinali. No<br />

&ilim lni;r-o regiunc d.o maximi lltrlfaro a arcului carprtic, autohtonul,<br />

curi,lot de orico urme al.o pinzoi getice, ajungintl aiei lu2 629 m.<br />

Dintro toate yi,ilo tra!.sversals caro a,p,lrtin bazinului D|lndrii tls<br />

jos, trccitoar€a Jiului reprezinti exemplul do antecedsnii cel mli imprcsionant<br />

2.<br />

.<br />

Descriereo <strong>pe</strong>t<strong>terilor</strong><br />

Pegterc de lo Guro Celilii<br />

Sin. P€tlero de lo Porot <strong>pe</strong>tlere<br />

Irloric. Pcttcra (lc <strong>la</strong> Gura Cctilii cstc cunoscuh ir lilcftrlu.i lncir dlu l0ll, chrd a rosl<br />

partinl ccrcctaUi dc C. Td g I n s.<br />

Colc.ldri dc lr<strong>la</strong>nrt. J. R o t h, 20.IV.1023, col. Biospcologico, nr. 1 l3.l : Colcoplc.d,<br />

Dipl..a, Ncuroplc'?l, Colle bo<strong>la</strong>, .+ro,rca., Oltilioncs, tlca na, D.calodd, L-orrcfolfl, hi.u<strong>din</strong>cc,<br />

P. A. Chappuis, ll. Jc!lnucl, val. Putcoriu, rOB-l{r21, col aiospcologic!,<br />

nr. 1180: p<strong>la</strong>narii, hiNdiDcc, clodoce.d, Colcpodu, oslrucotid, Ant ripoda, Miriupo&t, col-<br />

Icmbo<strong>la</strong>, CoLoplc.a, Dlplcta, Trichot Lro, Arcn uc, Otilioncs, Acutlno. v^L Putctrrlu,<br />

18.Iv.1954, t7,IX.1064. ?'. Orghldan, l. Tabrca.u, v. Dccu, A. Buighclc,<br />

D. DancIu, St. Ncgroa, IL Ghlc{, 10.1V.1050, nr.259, C.l,S.i.<br />

CiItui dc fau^t. I. il a I n s z, Duoalius (Duodliolcs\ blrldl leptli lt<strong>la</strong><strong>la</strong>sz 1028) ; L. F a g c,<br />

IrIcta mcnaftli Latr. 191t1; P. dc Beauchstrrps, t)dndroco€ltrn (Dcndrccoclid.s, sphac.oprrdllus<br />

Bcauch. 1932; R. P a u I i ! n' Omlcd pi.u<strong>la</strong> Slcph. 1$.11.<br />

Dalclc ccnddrllor. il. Dumitrcscu, T. Orghida\ Val. Pu$cotiu ti<br />

J. Tanasnchi. 2S,VIIl.lts.l, r. 24, C.I.S.i T. Orghid.rn' II. llunritrcscu '<br />

J. Tanasaclri, VaI. Puqcarlu si St. Avtunr, 25.v.1002, nr. l?ti, 177, l7a, 179'<br />

980, 98r, C.l.S.; M. Dumitrcscu, T. Orghidrn, J. Tarasachi, lll. Gcorgcscu<br />

fi gt. Avram, .1.XI.1063, nr.292' 293' r.163, C.l.S.;lI. Dulrlitrcscu ti<br />

T. Orghidan, 1.l.vIII.l90.l, nr, 345, 346, 349, 350, C.l.S.<br />

La ost de sa,tul Poqtera, ultimo localitate de <strong>pe</strong> malul drept al piriului<br />

tr(iteEti, <strong>la</strong>, poalcle ]rclsantului nordic al lt{a,siyului Iictezatr apur dou[<br />

iviri de celcare cretrcice infcrioare. Unt! <strong>din</strong>tre acostea, ln lormi de Ut<br />

cu <strong>la</strong>,rnurilo orienta,to spre e8t, porneqte chiar <strong>din</strong> droPtul biEericii <strong>din</strong> Itt.<br />

Gcologul A. 1\I a ru u I o a (1057) considoli, aco$te c:rlcare do vitstl b$romianl<br />

Ṗe,ttera do <strong>la</strong> Gura Cetdtii este str[bituti do lrn ours subtcran' lo<br />

caro fi insugeDia, li resugenta slnt deschise qi accesibile cxplortrrii. Doqi<br />

insurgenie este orientatE spre sud, inr resurgcnln spro nord, totuqi cursul<br />

subtcian mcDt'ine ilirecti& generald, de <strong>la</strong> est <strong>la</strong> vest ln lungul flgiei de<br />

calc.lre baremicnc, cu o difcrenii ds nivel tle 18-19 m lntre celo doui<br />

dcschideri.<br />

! N. Orglrldan, Considcrdliu/l.i dsupn odilor uansoelsal dia RomAnia (m[nusc!is).<br />

t C.t.s. - Colcclia Io.litutului dc spcologic,,Emil Racovit!".


(ION'1'ILTDUAII LA ATUDII'L TEETEIIII,OR DIN ITEO. EUNETX)ARA<br />

Plriul Ponorici D[,trunde tn psster{ po <strong>la</strong> baza porotolui<br />

inait de.8 m, cart:<br />

stincos,<br />

tnchido valoa epigdo unp"'ta f"<br />

piriu<br />

e"".t<br />

1t3r.c originea. in aoql iz^v6.a"1o ao i" poalefe "iiJriu*,iniiuo". curriii'iirigqorurui :<br />

i?v,orul 1l\icr?Iul.ui ti izyorut Obirgioi, siturte'ra ??2 ^ qi-i'8b ; dtiroaioo<br />

fr ru, o qrE[&n!u o0 .}ptoxtm&tlv 2 km spro sud de insurccnti.<br />

ucrechrdereu. tlraltl do 4 m estje o diaclnzi llrgitl ptul ia 2'm b, nivelul<br />

apoi. cursul subtcrrn tncspo <strong>la</strong> limita <strong>din</strong>trs ilt? J"'rEiii-"ilutri<br />

roa,sc (apti&n-ba,rcmian),<br />

colca-<br />

altitu<strong>din</strong>oa de ?OO ln-.<br />

. - .<strong>pe</strong>gtere, cu o lungime totali de 2O0 m, este sipatr, de apa ponoriciului,<br />

cue {i-a, linsit drumul nrin tliao<strong>la</strong>ze ce. so lntrbtaio qi caio in majol,!1k1<br />

b." aparfin-ta doud, siirsme cu ttirecgii diferito ili_S"ii't v_Sa.<br />

.Drtr rcest m_otiy, intrcg cursul subtera,n so detfigoartr -in zigiag pini,<br />

rosurgcntl.<br />

lt"<br />

Pe tmioctul lui ss oot scpare doud po'riiuni aiJin;6:. prima<br />

I9!"9r9o9ltt. p{il saleria tngusdi, cu coscade qi ;.i"ilr"".l, ;oi;usrtr<br />

rnsurgen<strong>la</strong> qr<br />

inl,rc<br />

ulurmrl cotrtur' <strong>pe</strong> carc o faco spro nord, qi a, doia c&ro<br />

{orrnari,<br />

osto<br />

.<strong>din</strong> complcxul do gllerii qi co[roa;o'_ <strong>din</strong>-ii";t,if" i;u"goot"i.<br />

Acoul,:r <strong>din</strong> urm:), alci,trrioryto jrrrlca, cca, nrai llrg:i f,olf,"i'ii, or*-"uu,uoid<br />

cu cxtcrio-rul prin doul desctridcri (2, B), gi siiigurri " i;i corcemri<br />

antcrior (fig. 4).<br />

";;u;<br />

, -^^Do <strong>la</strong> insurgonfi pinl.ln sa<strong>la</strong>- S, plrlul--coboari 16 m <strong>pe</strong> o alistani[<br />

dc 120 m, pDrteo coa m&i accidontati a aibisi r,iind coa <strong>din</strong> am;nto, rn prima<br />

l-!-it"to *. c.r-I""^rci. Aici se gtrsq{te o coscaax h tropto a;6;;Aji"fit;t<br />

j,1y1-Tl"?1illl iTpreuDr, cu colo patru bazine cu *pr, a{rinc[ pitri h 1;6;;<br />

::1flr-y:..,9:]ll T:rl ,T"y de trccut. rn puncrul B, cursul iubreran prit<br />

rnc,trc a,pa unul mlc lzvor.<br />

Sa<strong>la</strong>, S s-a. Iormat <strong>la</strong> intorsecfia^ a. trei giac<strong>la</strong>ze principalc. prima,<br />

orientatil,NV - SD, prin ca,re ajurge pirlul tn_saliir ss prefiinlJqte in<br />

golcrler<br />

direcfd<br />

rrscato a,rc€nrrlnto, care conduco <strong>la</strong> dssohideria sup"orioard<br />

gcnler<br />

a resur_<br />

(zJ. \cea$tt galericl0)_pare s6 reprezinto vechiul dr-um sprs oxtenor<br />

ilr cur$ulul suD[cri]-n, prt_bu{it io parto ulterior, cind pirtul ii_a, aifncit<br />

Guniur |),cluill sDrc doschideroo J. l<br />

dout diec<strong>la</strong>ztr, orientltd N_9, p6 tra-<br />

::,*l :i.f:1.H1'lt_lE^"-,9,I<br />

po.lreri (3) 0i o.a t-roiai, orieniaft-bn:fiv, p"<br />

cu,ro s-lt oczvoltitL qlllcna l). o8l,o asco-ndeDttr, do 10 m lungimc, cu gui_iri<br />

il trep_le pline cu r-pi. Aire ?oud aiactaze atdfiuiesc ai""itl"irflfu<br />

(D qi<br />

."i<br />

F)<br />

.i"i<br />

alc silii.<br />

. . Pcrcf,ii ti tavanul galeriei ln zigzag poarti amprenl,ele acliunii a<strong>pe</strong>i<br />

ucobiturj,<br />

:<br />

llmc oricntate in direcfia iur-erilui etc. ntiu"ile ;o;e;iilr sint in<br />

rJrui, mylle locurl umptuto-cu ca,lciri depusd Aio,p, du iotit"J1i". t.-irf"<br />

do ta rcsurgcntd,, tayanul Drozinti excavafiii rdiaso in urmd prlbugirii<br />

dc blocuri dosp,rinsc, iar <strong>pe</strong> proemiaengote ljeretito" se ,oorg""i<br />

grosicro do c&lcitii.<br />

"?,i"lTiri<br />

. .Podoa,ua<br />

<strong>pe</strong>ttcrii cste aco<strong>pe</strong>ritf cu nisip numai ln funtlul<br />

Ie intraro<br />

salorioi ile<br />

fi tn locul de pltrurdbre.a izvorulii tSl i i"rrJ al;i; iuUtd"e,<br />

pin5,.ln_sda S, csto sipard in sfinci, formbd di; iilh t""pi;;,ir,9,<br />

vtf,ii plino o"""_<br />

cu apri., po fundul ci,roia s.a aaunat-mif.<br />

- .- ID li&<strong>la</strong> de in rosurgert[ (S),.pfutul ss lrrgeqts acoporind ln<br />

ploilor<br />

timpul<br />

ltrtrcega, suprafafd a podelei, po caro selisosc nimsroaso blocuri<br />

Dl pratrc.<br />

Tn.<br />

,<br />

intrarca plriului ln saltr, s-a ailunat atita mll, incit trobuio si te<br />

strcco lo rnarginoe ?oretolui suilic (G), caro oste o i,,it*l Au<br />

""p6""ii "o


+ I<br />

rll<br />

I<br />

*7;<br />

Fig. 4, - Pettera Gu<strong>la</strong> Cettlii.


coxl'rllruTll tn amDrlt pEgTEtutotl DlN nDo, nuNDDoAltA<br />

guano ce se scurge ln ap[. Pe tavan ss vid urmelo unei colonii de lilisci.<br />

Podeaua ga,Icriei ascendentc (C), care contlucs spro deschidorea suporioa,ri<br />

(2) dp l& resurgcD.ti, esto acoporitl cu zuano si a,rsili tas&ti.<br />

. - Gr.r,lcria D ars toatd, porfiunoa tdrminal'i sti<strong>la</strong>gmitatd,, iar povirni$ul<br />

estc coDstituit <strong>din</strong> cur-uri in trepto de diferito dirionsiuni. totiliauna<br />

plino cu api, carc Bo.iuliltrorz5, p-rin lisurile pariotolo.ln accsto gur-uri so<br />

goscsc numoroaso pl&narll fl rulu,rgl.<br />

Lunlino p^trundo numai ln fuc5,<strong>pe</strong>rile <strong>din</strong> apropierel deschidorilor.<br />

amitlitalca, ostc do 100% in af-ard tlo galeiia -U.<br />

Qurcnt d,a am ne tat, cu.rsul subtoran.<br />

T cnt p cratur a aarului, I<br />

Iarnpcr%t urq, a?ci<br />

resurg. iusurg. curs r€sru'g. insurg. cmcadl izv. gur.ui<br />

subl,oran<br />

subt.<br />

90.v.1069 14"C 15'C 10"C 13"C 16"C 14"0 10.C 10.C<br />

4.XI.1003 12"C 13"C 7"C 6"C 8"C 6,r'"C 8"C 8"C<br />

I&atorul l,roJi,a, Il,csurselo alimcntare, bogato ln incLpcrilo <strong>din</strong> apropierrca.resulgenlei,<br />

sint cotrstituitc <strong>din</strong> guano, lemne putrede, detritus,<br />

vcgc<strong>la</strong>r.<br />

fr'uunu de neoc cbt'&tc. Do <strong>pe</strong> pcrclii lnciporilor dc <strong>la</strong> iusurgcnfi qi<br />

lcsugouti, s-1, aduDilt z Uyloni,tcus sp,, Iri,gdd,iu a hyTtu,orunt i Net .ua/,vrrr6<br />

ED., lluaentr,t colxvctvus i Xleta mananli, Matq lnerial<strong>la</strong>e i Ekl<strong>la</strong>coytld<strong>la</strong> Lri,stis,<br />

J'h,iloltttl,utttus mbnl.t tus, I4lptc t'calucl,& i llyn.enoylere ) Triplwso dubitu<strong>la</strong>,<br />

'l'ripkosu tabaudi,al,u, Scol,iuptary a Libulrio i Ldmnobia nubccltlos&, I?sychoda<br />

sercritri lxrrl,lranoganaticu, llkllmosi,a Ep., Iri,ckocari,(trae, Lycorriidaa, Iry-<br />

IcLidM, Ihorid,ae, Scatogtsidac, Tipulidaa.<br />

Diu filidc 6i tlc 1o p<strong>la</strong>tforrno s.eu colsctat z trepidocyrlns sarbicus,<br />

O nyclti,urus sp. 1 Porrhonma conaefiurn.<br />

.Din biotopul higro<strong>pe</strong>tric do <strong>pe</strong> <strong>pe</strong>lefii de b insurgcn{,i s-au Dus irl<br />

ovidenti a,lgc verzi, diatomee, rotifere, tardigratlo, copopods.<br />

De sub Diel,ro [i lemDo putredo : ]t'ridardci,a calloaa, Lurnbrici,l,l,us sp. i<br />

])itcns pcrtpcclixt s, Spcleoiliscus lriuria, Verl,igo Ttusil<strong>la</strong>, Cochliaopa l,ubrica,<br />

Vtlrca tliaphana, Q<strong>la</strong>uail,iii<strong>la</strong>c, Traahyspkaera aosteta' Polyilesnws (P.)<br />

coltt?lelro,tus, 'I'yph\oi.ulus stri,ctus i Atkobi,ue (M.l bu,raon<strong>la</strong>nd,icus burzan-<br />

Lauliaus, L. (M.l Ttltstuletus i Chtlwttius ili,opthtkalnus, Naobisii/,tt bLothroiiles,<br />

Jilr,otr.cur sp.; Ilqrpa,ctes honbergii, Ear?aates n. Bp., Cyba,aus tetriaw )<br />

Gana$dcs i Trcmbitliit<strong>la</strong>e i Diptrura i Tornocuut flouescctus, T. longicornis,<br />

L minor, Lelidoc|rl,us serbicue, OrchcseUL cerpblice, Otchescllo sp., Dn o-<br />

'metbrya doreali,s, llctcronurus niti,il,us ..{Lt. nxargaril,aria., Isol,omu Janni,ca,<br />

Isololl,urus pqlt s|tis, I)icyrtortue lusca,, Oltllckiufus sp.i Duaal,ius (Duael,iolr,s)<br />

lcp.,\i,i,, Trccltu.s (s. str., Euatristrid,us, Quedias (Microsaurusl neso-<br />

,neli,nus, Q. Bp., Lasleva monl,iaol,a, Alonnol,a sp., Di,anosus coerul,ascens,<br />

Atlw<strong>la</strong> (Xcrtotal mearcplera, Agathiilium sp., Cryptophagus Ep., CLoleaa<br />

o,n guslet a, Ch. g<strong>la</strong>uca, Psdaphidae, C arabii<strong>la</strong>e.<br />

In bnzinele cu apd, s-&u g[sit : Dend,rocoel,um (Denilrococlid'es) s?llo,cropho,Uus<br />

qi numeroaso exomp<strong>la</strong>rc rle Niplwrgus sp.<br />

Din aursul subtoran I Aotaaus l,orrentium.<br />

l!'auna Ae aerl,ebro,re, S-au gd8it resturi scheletice ilo mamifere tlomestice<br />

il diforitele Incipcri ilin lpropiorea resurgenlei.


ltrtllc^I.nl^ DUNIrBlSC,tt !l CoL ll.<br />

ClLi,roptare.ln aceast[ <strong>pe</strong>qterd,, tlefi in timpul verii so aillposteso ln<br />

mod lrccvent chiroptorc, tot uqi coloniile ctre au lost obseryttc nu crnu<br />

niciodlti bocuto itr indiviz.i.<br />

- locut


CONTIITOUIII IJA SIODIOL PD9TINIiII'OT( DII' TEO, III'NEDOAIIA<br />

I:Ial,icigona (Taaustinal Iaustina, CoaNi,aopa lubrica, Vall,oni,q, pul,ckell,o i<br />

Ilylot i,scus sp.i Iy\tll,oitd,us slrdatw; Litlwbiw (L., erythrocephatrus schu-<br />

Lcri ' i Chthonius hateroil@tgl1ts, Neobisiwm Uo,t roiiles, N. carpalicum,<br />

llkoncus sp., Nen',osloma sp, i Anaurobius Janeatraf,i,s, fiqrpactet sp,, Meta<br />

nwrianac, M. rol,iaul,ata mangai, Aranaa raaurnurii,, Lepthypkantes EIr.,<br />

Diplocephalus uisl,atus, Diptrooaphalus <strong>la</strong>ti,trons i Gamasid,cs ; lriahori,batac<br />

lir,.aaulolus, I)utueus ./t!1ts,1tt i Dipluro i Thgstnura 1 Orchcsc.Ua cLrparicL,<br />

Heteromuru,s ni,tiiluc yat. rnargerito,ria, Tomoaarus mh.or i Eeraroprerq ;<br />

I:Illmenopl,ara i Bembi,ili,on sp., Queildus sp,, Alheta sp., Paadarus sp., Crgplopth,agus<br />

Bp,, Al,omoriq, ap., Co,rabiilee, Trypatii<strong>la</strong>a,<br />

Itnuna <strong>din</strong> litoc<strong>la</strong>ze : Denilrobrcno sp.; Cochlicopa lubrico, Chonibdna<br />

ctienta, ,. lrvnaha<strong>la</strong>llina cxlindrico,. cylindrica, Vol,trondd Itulchelle, rlrlchelle. Bneleoitrisc&s S<strong>pe</strong>leoitrisws lriqrio triario zi<br />

Porcell,i,o<br />

apini.cornie,<br />

P. sp., Arrnailil,tridium<br />

sp,, Potryoanus<br />

<strong>la</strong>gurus, Symphyl,l,a;<br />

Chthoni,us tniuopktholrnw n. ssp. i ngeonut aonoefiu\ Pka<strong>la</strong>ngium<br />

oqtil,io, NcmasLomo Ncmaslomo sp.; i Ii,tonoeca fito,noece Ep., Amaurcbdlts Jenestral,is, Jenestral,it, DysAerq, Dysilera<br />

,ilt., lI.rr?utcs rulia*nilus, Bc7cs|,ri,a, saracul,alo, nober,us ED., Arar. rdji,<br />

Lcpthllpkanl.cs sp,, Drauoil,es Lulti,i<strong>la</strong>sut, SaltiauE Eacwicus, Abborut sp.l<br />

Lycosi,il,o,a 1 Gam,ati,ilct 1 Ikrotnbi,ili,i,al,q,c i nko.gddiidea t Gatrumna nerl)osus,<br />

Iri.clwrdbatet trimo,ou,l,atus, Qkamobotas ouspiildtus, Bclnloribates patrldilul.tls,<br />

Nothurus pa,lustris, Gllmno.<strong>la</strong>meus Jamoratu,s, PhatiloTtpio lucontm i Thytunura<br />

1 Xenil,<strong>la</strong> maritinb, OraheseUo aarytatriaa, Or. balconica, Willowsia<br />

)ti,grom,aaulq,lq. Lepidoqlrtut ap., Iom,oaerus l,ongicornis, I. minor, I. tsul,-<br />

gari,s i l<strong>la</strong>pl,othri,yts d,isti,nguendus, ?hl,aeol,ltigts cori,aaaws g Eeteroptera;<br />

Leptothoroa truberum, fel,rdmori,urn aacspilum, Lasius (Chthonoluai,us)<br />

rriahrt 1 L. (Chllwnol,asdut) l<strong>la</strong>ous ; Co<strong>la</strong>optero i Diptere.<br />

Faune acr'atici epigeo ilin pirlul Ponoriciului: B<strong>pe</strong>rakon gl,aniLul,otus.<br />

S<strong>pe</strong>rohonoytsis oarrucosq' Lebartia (Lab.l magl,ioi, L. (Pil,ol aiol,acea, Toricnlicol,u<br />

el,lif,Lica, Atractdl,at nodipalpis nodipalpis, Aaonopsis grocdldsl<br />

Aturw spatutrittr i Eabrophlebio W., E.l,arrl6, Pardeplophlebda subnteryi-<br />

'neto,, Eailyonurus heloetiaw i Triohoptara; Co<strong>la</strong>opler., i Dip<strong>la</strong>ro.<br />

Pegero <strong>din</strong> Boluli<br />

Sin, Pegtero <strong>din</strong> Piotrq Popii ; Gourq Sotuti<br />

Dat Ie c$cctdritor. T. orgh I dan ti M. Dumltrcscu, 24,1.1954; schita Dc$tcrii,<br />

IU. Dumitrcscu, J. Tanasachi, M. Georgcscu ti $L Avram, 5.XI.196&<br />

rrr. 1461, C.I.S.<br />

Pe{tera esto sipati, ln culmoa Pia,tra Popii ttitr masivul Varniia, ir<br />

calcare apfiene (fig. 5). Accesul osto po drumul tlo clrule caro portrqtto<br />

<strong>din</strong> satul Feileri fli mergo spre l'est ps soastl, aprorimativ 3 trm, pini<br />

<strong>la</strong> grupul de case de ps coasta culmii Piatra, Popii (Botuqi). Din fundul<br />

grediuii ultimci caso (Lascu) ss a,jungs po clrare <strong>la</strong>, gura pcftoriir ca,ro so<br />

descLirls <strong>la</strong> baza Deretelui El,incos.<br />

Intraroa sl, ln lormd do bolt6, este <strong>la</strong>rg{, do 2,5 m, lnelti do 1 m {i<br />

orienta,ti 6Dro S-SE.<br />

Peqtera osto constituiti <strong>din</strong> doui lncipori: un vostibul ascendentt<br />

lung do 8 m, qi o camertr, apro&po rotuadi, cu dia,motrul tot do I m (tig. 0).


ti]\ltc^tf,t DO'IIfBXSCIJ rt @LAB.<br />

Inil$imen sa, v&ri&z[ intro .l $i 0,30 m. Pe$te)'a, pr€ziut[ calitdiils uDtti<br />

bun otl[post, fapt vcrifica,t prin pr€zenta, u^uei vol,re cu cfubuni de conilcre I'<br />

prin cioturi tle -oalc qi fiagrient6 do oa,ie. ln camcli se mai vode urme unui<br />

vcchi sond&j, dcspro c{rro nu u fost g5,sito inlormu,fii bibliografice.<br />

' Tavanul qi pcrefii vostibulului, de culoare alb-gdlbuic' prczintl nume'<br />

rorsc cxcavalii rotunjite, ilII in cmoril so obseryi o sculgcro cars aco<strong>pe</strong>ri<br />

6<br />

f*a<br />

7-.{<br />

a;raet<br />

+<br />

T<br />

. ( -ran<br />

IE0E DA I ==ldicld<br />

I R hki<br />

tu<br />

l'ig. 5. - Pettsrilc <strong>din</strong> zom Olraba'<br />

6 - Pqd4rd rlin totusl. t - !eti.r! c.un cocoruht. 8 - ?€tl,oh dtu val@ Cnclj.<br />

o - f.it 6.nvcn dtn Scul I@rdol. 10 -Podcs dhr trrslu I dreDt al Ohtol' 1l -Pollerr<br />

Sni! ltirc. tr - ft!|ero Gtut. littdoincl. 16 - t'.!r:r. tul c@lIE l? tc!L6<br />

c!u!. oD.llei, r0 - !s{t dle dh Botdd ni@ _ ltaae!. rl|! Ln!.! rtlpoNlul<br />

).20<br />

tot pcrctelc vcstic, coutinuat cu un p<strong>la</strong>aqeu coborind oblic. Tavlnul prczinti-r<br />

pcts ruginii dc a,Ilel'&l'o a, aalcarului prin infiltra{,iilc boga,te in sdluri<br />

ds Iici, irr (lin loo irx loc s-au format sto<strong>la</strong>ctito scurte ii rotuniite.<br />

Pod,eaua oste, ln mare pute, aco<strong>pe</strong>riti cu dopozito ooDstittdte<br />

tli-dtr-un amestec de argild gi do guano. Deqi se vid citeva <strong>pe</strong>tc po tavant<br />

mirturii ale localiziuif eotoniiloi ds lilieci' totuqi <strong>la</strong> d&telo cind a fosb<br />

cercotatl pcitera uu s-e g6sit docit un exomp<strong>la</strong>r de RhitwloTthus hiptgtoti'<br />

aefo8,<br />

. Clrbunl dc coniler du fost identificalt 6i ln strplLutllc arhcotogicclcctuatc h Pcttcl5<br />

dc <strong>la</strong> Bordul llorc.


CONIAIII'III ]r]| gmDIUt/ ?UETEBILOB DIN XEA. EUNEDOAITA<br />

Lurnina dlfnzd numai in vestibul.<br />

Iompcruturelt 24.f.1064 tu.a€r afar[- _10-0, to <strong>pe</strong>gteri 11"O, ps po_<br />

$f'rt"ti* 1e"6'xr.1e63' tom<strong>pe</strong>raturo ;""tr ii"ii ?irq i""''p"1't""du'.s,<br />

+<br />

T<br />

Fi8. 6, - Pcalera <strong>din</strong> Botuti-<br />

Arr.id,it@tea gOV^.<br />

Curent da aer im<strong>pe</strong>rconLibL.<br />

tr'actorutr lroJic. Iiesurie alimentaro bino reprezoD.tato<br />

trunchiuri<br />

prin guano,<br />

Si remuri putreil€.


Artc/{luiT^ DIt<br />

ltnsco ll coLUt.<br />

l,'o.tnn rlt tL(Da,'l(brql,c. Do po pcretii vestibulului s-au colectat pi,iftnjcrii<br />

(fi,'r/ir( rricrtrco 5i ll'cocDatie, domcstica, <strong>din</strong>tlo iliptoro Culicidae.<br />

Irr sll,li 1rlrrrIorrrinrr, porhrridul Mcsacltorxcles ojaooicnsi,s iu numLr<br />

r'\lril()rrlillrf rlc rnlrro tlc indifizi, conccntra{,i in cuiburi <strong>pe</strong> $ub lcmnolc<br />

1rrrl,torlc ,ri po srrpr':rfiuflr, Dirtutii dc gu:.!no. Tot fur cuiburi se gi,scru iTccr&s<br />

rrrt r'i rr rrs ,,si LqrilorutLtr:J ;I),<br />

I)tr lro nruurrn ,si rlo sub pictrc s-au mai colectat i J<strong>la</strong>lwato, sp., 'IraclLysl)lt(cro<br />

)Nk.ltt, Lilhobius (L,) sp., Rltoncus transsibtur,icus n. ssp. I Ganrcsi(lrs;<br />

,|..:ofld$ ricin.lct, I- ln.ta,oonus, Dipl,ura i Coleoptcra (<strong>la</strong>we); Pkoridae;<br />

.l)ol.it:holtorl<br />

i<strong>la</strong>Lt, Onl,ioit<strong>la</strong>c,.Lycorrid,aa. CILit'optcrc, llhi,nol,o|hus lti,Ttltnui-<br />

Peglero Gouro Cocogului<br />

Jslon.. .srir)iilrrri ath.ologice. \l- R o I c r (l$24-1021,). Dir soDdriul cl('cl,u:rL plrir h o<br />

r(lincinr. rle 00 cnr ru fost sco:rso urcltc dri silox lii dc crrlcltr cristrlial, pftcl|||r ti oasc sl,nrttf<br />

rlo Ursrrs .s?,ckfu$, carc h)drcpt:rlci(c pc rutor sir atinllo c.'r pc$tc|rl r tosl Iocuitir do o||rul<br />

I'nl(.'rlilic ,,Lcs oulilrs oll! lc mtrr( ctuncltrc quc ccux du nrustari(n (lc l.r gruttc d{ (ljo(kts<br />

\irrul .<br />

Ddld crrccr.irir'. lU. D u rr i t r c s c u, J,Tanasachi li trI. Gcorgcscu, l.\l.l!t$1,<br />

nr. 369, 1553, C.l.S.<br />

Pcftcrl} GDuro Cocoqului estc $i,pati ln vor.s&ntul osti(t irl crostoi<br />

?irltrrr trIunboDilo!, cilrc sc ina,l!d, golnrll ln, vcst de satul llcrleri,<br />

Drunul de :lcccs <strong>la</strong> <strong>pe</strong>fterd, iucepc <strong>din</strong> spatelo l)i$ericii <strong>din</strong> srt (d,lt.<br />

i;09 m), continuri pc creast& s[dici,:! Pietrei n'Iuntcnilor'$i urcii ,poi co[stiu,<br />

spro nord-est, pini <strong>la</strong> altitu<strong>din</strong>ca dc aproximntiv 600 m. I)nl,l 400 m de<br />

drurn aucYoios .\o intlii inl,r-o mici dcprosiune cu lrilsiui, tluni, ooltri,<br />

lirducci rii lilieci, r.rudc se gfseqte dnschideroa arcuitr[ a <strong>pe</strong>.?tsrii. Calcru'ul<br />

jurasic (malm) clin care esto alcdtuitl Culmca ]Iuntonilor a$1jc cornl)ir,ct,<br />

r1i alburiu, cu suprrr,Ief,c r1e cloziune Dorielino&sc lusl,r'uilo, cilrc ingrcuiuzir,<br />

dnmul dc costilsi fiiri, cir,riue,<br />

Gurr Dcqtelii, fuxrltir, & ?5 clr). fi <strong>la</strong>,rgi, clc 1,80 m,t),rc o Iolrnir, a,rcuiLit,<br />

li cste oricutati, sprc est. Iucl<strong>pe</strong>rc& ln crlc se pi,trundc osto do 0/4 m,<br />

cu iui.lfiurea ruaxiili, cle 3,5 rn.-in poretelo sudiC se giscrite uu $curt horrl<br />

ds lcgd,turi cu extelioml, ?rin c&rc pdtrundo lumina (fig. ?),<br />

Poclea'un estc alciituitr[ <strong>din</strong>tr- n dolozit alo umpluturi l)it]itoritr'<br />

acopcrit apror<strong>pe</strong> iu l[tregimc cu frugrnenl,c coltluoaso do difol'il,c <strong>din</strong>lonsirrui<br />

de calcar a,lbicios, desprinsc ilin ta,v&n. Multc <strong>din</strong>tre pl[ci &u cilo o<br />

fi,tir st&l&gnit&tii, iu'Ie polfiunile mpto sc vid clistalc dc ctulcitii. l,ingri<br />

intllrc, potlcir,uu, cste a,copcril,ri,ii cu fruDzc rrscatc, ingrluriditic dc vittt-<br />

PereNolo vestio d lucd,<strong>pe</strong>rii lormeazli uD l&r'g inllriud cu scurgcrc itr<br />

p&ntii, brizdat ile lsl.Dturi aalincite dc aciiunel liroirii:!pci. I'e tcstul Dcrotelui<br />

se 1.'6d scurgeri sta,<strong>la</strong>gmitice de mai mictr, amploare, cnrc in locurilo<br />

Lurnina,te dircct siirt tcopcrilo de o pitru'i Terzuie de o161o .;i Iiclroni. Tavanul<br />

este strhgmitat, plozcirtind rnici dlnpclii, lurfuri 6i-formafiuni tubul{lre<br />

(stllhctitc .[istulol.so)- Suprl,Ic[clc do Do ca,rc $-i!rr dcsprins bucr-rfi <strong>din</strong> pltlon<br />

au rirnas dc culoa.rc &lbi,-gIlbuie, rnatc, ncstohgmit'ato. Din vlrful formD-<br />

{'iunilor tubu<strong>la</strong>re fi do <strong>pe</strong> marginea drapcriilor catl ri}re pic[trui do tlpl,.


g<br />

I<br />

w<br />

,:i{,<br />

o;.i.-, /<br />

'ot t<br />

@ei "i<br />

I g<br />

!'<br />

, rba<br />

lrs:3,<br />

.."+<br />

Fig. 7. - Pe$tcra Geur! Cocogulul,


ltAltGlRtTA<br />

DUMTIREaCO sl COrAIr.<br />

ln clteva 1ocui, porolii qi tavanul sint acopor.iii cu rnontmilcl uscat.<br />

Lu,ntina dilnzi, iu toati, pcqter.r,.<br />

Icntpcratul'a, aancl,ui. in aflra gurii <strong>pe</strong>gtodi 13"C, ln <strong>pe</strong>qteri, 10'C.<br />

tlmirl,i,tatea 80o/o.<br />

Cu,rcnl, dc oer dc <strong>la</strong> intralo sDre fereastrS,.<br />

tr'actontl t|oJi,c. Ii,esulse alinrcntare re<strong>la</strong>tiv $iracc, rapr€zcntato ptiD<br />

guroi dc ovino qi prin dejeclii de jileri uscate Ei prdf;ite: In apropiirea<br />

inttlirii cxistil, o pi,turi do fmnze vorstede.<br />

7'at[u,a dc tuc1)erl,abrale- Pe sub pietrele clin lnci,<strong>pe</strong>rea ?eqterii s-&u<br />

grasib : Scuti.gcretta s1t. i Lith,obius (XI.) crassi,<strong>pe</strong>s ; Lapthypka ,tes lcprosus,<br />

Liocrannm rtr.Ttico<strong>la</strong>; Dam,eus c<strong>la</strong>aiga'a i Orchesal,<strong>la</strong> potttica, Lapidoqlrtut<br />

sp.i Dpipsoclls lucifugtts; Eyrnanoptero, i Depressaria <strong>pe</strong>ntlwri i Sepsidae,<br />

P Inr ic<strong>la</strong>a, P sy clt ocli d,ac.<br />

Fauna do sub pietrele qi lrunzalul <strong>din</strong> faln gurii: Iridcricia sp.i<br />

C<strong>la</strong>u.sitiid.ac, Zon i,lidac 1 Isopoda; Pol,yd,esm.idaa ; Pol,g uanws <strong>la</strong>gurus ; Iu,l.id,ae ;<br />

Clttltoni,u.s cI. hLtcrodaclyhts 1 l<strong>la</strong>rTth,actcs sp., Lq)l,hy?Irc"r[tcs treprows, Cur,<br />

h'olnetus Lr, sp., G<strong>la</strong>2llouo sp. i Daneus ucrli,cil,i,ltct, Damcus s1t. ; Aaariua;<br />

Qnllchiu.rus sibiricws, Ot'ch.eselte Itollti.ca, Le?id,o(iyrl,us Ep. i Leptotkore,e<br />

ulIl I ASCXM'(,s ,<br />

Pegtero <strong>din</strong> Voleo Cheii<br />

Sin. Pettero <strong>din</strong> Voleo. lui Voler Munleonu<br />

Ci<strong>la</strong>l{i de lI. Drlrnitrcscu $i T. Orghidan (1958),<br />

Col.cl'iti dc ta.rnd. I. Tabacaru, D. DancI , gt. Nc6iea ii A. Ncgrs0,<br />

23.II.1958. nr. 7.1. C.LS.<br />

Dalclc c$celdilor. T. Or ghi da n $ I[, D umitrcscu (schi<strong>la</strong> <strong>pe</strong>ttcrii), 23.1.105.1i<br />

lU. Dumitrescu ti J. Tanasrchi, 23.VII.1956, nr.39, C.lS.; T. Orghidall,<br />

24.VII.1956, colcctarc dc cristalc; T, Orghldan, J. T.rnasachi, lt. Avra|ll tl<br />

trI. Gcorgcscu, 6.XL1963, nr.296,297, 1n64, C.I.S,<br />

Pefte<strong>la</strong> este situati in satul tr'ederi, ln cheia prin care curgc un piriu<br />

telnporar, afluent sting al phiului car'e strtb&te satul.<br />

Pentru a mcrge <strong>la</strong> <strong>pe</strong>qteri, so poraette <strong>din</strong> Obaba <strong>pe</strong> tlmtnul lferlerului<br />

qi dupi aprorimativ 1 lIm so yede I)o drorpta casa, lui Valcr'luuntennu.<br />

PIin sprtelc c&sei se cobo&ri po ci<strong>la</strong>rc itr, chci {i dupi 150 rrr so<br />

ajungo l& gul'r le$tcrii.<br />

Sdpatd in celcero ccnoma,nionc, pcqtera so giseDte <strong>la</strong> altitu<strong>din</strong>ea de<br />

550 m gi reprezinti, cursul subteran al piriului tem1lorar ca,re curge prin<br />

chei, primivara Di ln timpul ploilor de vard. Dcschiderea inaltl dc 1m,)i<br />

<strong>la</strong>,rgt dc 3 m estc orienlrati, spre S-SY.<br />

Porliunea, crplorabili, a, pctterii, lungi, ilo 230 m, so dcstiqolri ln<br />

tntregime <strong>pe</strong> drumul schitat de un sistem dc cliac<strong>la</strong>ze, carc se intretaie,<br />

pd,strinrl totuqi tlirec{ia generald, N-S (fig. 8).<br />

De <strong>la</strong> resurgenli, fi pini, <strong>la</strong> sifonul carc lnclritle rlrumul exploririi<br />

cxisti o


CON1ISID(rITI I,A A['DIUI,<br />

PDSTEI|ITTOB DTN IiEO. IIVN'DOAN{<br />

pmguri qi bazine cu oalincimi voriabilo<br />

dc b 0,40 m pin[ <strong>la</strong> 1.120 m, ln ca,re<br />

a,Da sc D[gtreazi lntre dou[ viituri<br />

aio curiuiui subteran. ln locurile unalo<br />

cqrentu,l o<strong>pe</strong>i a sdptt bazino, geleria<br />

este mai hrgi, arttind prin a,ceasta<br />

cristcnta unui vechi tutrel do presitne.<br />

Pocleaua, depiatr, goa,l4,lnunolo .<br />

locuri cu lome vcrticde, esto qcoporiti<br />

ln alterro puncto cu nisip. ln extremitotee<br />

terminold, podeaua qi por-<br />

I,iuni alo pcrcl,ilor nlnt acoporite cu<br />

nrgili, roqcattr. In time& galoriei variazi,<br />

lntlo 1 $r 7 rn, iar l[rgimca<br />

lntie 0,90 0i 4 m. Pe <strong>pe</strong>reti so poate<br />

urmS,ri uivclul r<strong>pe</strong>i crescute plni, <strong>la</strong><br />

00-80 crn. Actiun()ll dc modo<strong>la</strong>rc a<br />

aoei sc vcdc ln multo locuri untlo<br />

pcrelii prczmti sculpturilo cuacte-<br />

Iistico nurnit€,,lingurite".<br />

Sculge stal&gmiticc parieta,let<br />

diutrc corc rrncle cu :lspcct zaharoitl,<br />

funbraoi, porfiunca mijlocic & <strong>pe</strong>iterii,<br />

ln cate sc gd,scsc {ur!uri, sta<strong>la</strong>ctite<br />

,5i <strong>la</strong>mc cc &tir'[6 <strong>din</strong> tavm.<br />

'.' Ds rcma,r'cat sint formali4nile<br />

do cristalc, cpalte ca form6 qi originc..<br />

Acostc cristolo, grupa,to dc obicci<br />

iu cuiburi $i dczvoltatc Do o mici<br />

p<strong>la</strong>tformd <strong>din</strong> si,lifn A Ei po etteva<br />

'proernincntc aJo pcrctelui, rlu baza<br />

in{ipliir intr-o ldturl de argild. Datotilil<br />

acotui mod dc formnro, so<br />

pot alesprinde cu usutingt. Mejoritatcr<br />

el'is<strong>la</strong>,lelor, cagi <strong>pe</strong>relii <strong>din</strong> jur,<br />

slnt &copcriti cu o pojghild lini<br />

neagri de originc manganoasi. Crist.r,lclc<br />

slnt mncl.r,l;c ,5i po scctiuni<br />

subf.iri, transprrcuto. Accsto cristalc<br />

au crcscut tliroct po argili, fiind continuu<br />

olimcntato de apa lncdrcati<br />

cu bicarboua,t. do calciu, cane o inlbibi,.<br />

lni,l{,imeo gru<strong>pe</strong>lor do cristale<br />

a,tinge 1 dm, iul supra,Iato bazoi<br />

pini, <strong>la</strong> 25 cm,. Formarea cristalelor a<br />

ar.ut loa <strong>la</strong> un nivol care corcBpuntlo<br />

3 - c, 5,1|l<br />

ulg. S. - Pcttcra <strong>din</strong> Valca Chcll-


M nGABttTA DnXllRESaV.l @L lt.<br />

cu acc<strong>la</strong> <strong>la</strong> c&ro ajunge a,pa iu l,impul <strong>pe</strong>rioetlclor ale viitur{ ole cusuJui<br />

subteran 6.<br />

Lntttitta rJilttz!.r, pit'tluntlo plntr <strong>la</strong> 30 m c1e <strong>la</strong> intra,re.<br />

Icnqtcratura <strong>la</strong> 93.I.1954 in aer, <strong>la</strong> inta'arer 0"C1 ln lundul gnleriei<br />

8'C, ln apa, <strong>din</strong> bczinc ?"C ; <strong>la</strong> 0.XI.1063 in aer' ll intmrc' 90oC' in fundul<br />

galoriei 12"C 5i <strong>la</strong> api 10,5'C.<br />

Untitli.tateo 100 o/o.<br />

tr'actot' 1,lrdic. Iiosuffio alimentana roduse <strong>la</strong> matoria,lul adus alc api.<br />

Iauna de natsartebrorc e$te destul ilo sd,raci <strong>din</strong> cauza galeriei strimtet<br />

spiloti dc cursul subtcrau a,l ci,nri uivel oscilcazi in tinpul zlnului.<br />

Dc pc <strong>pe</strong>rcf,ii <strong>din</strong> apropierea, intririi s-a,u colcctat : Nanii]sl'omasp.;<br />

Icganria - situcslris, Mctq, 1n'a<strong>la</strong>rdi, Nestiaus cellu<strong>la</strong>nus 1 Phot'idaa.<br />

Di! biotopul ia,pidicol a,l aceleiaqi zone ptovin ercmp<strong>la</strong>relc tle Tomo'<br />

cerus auloat'is.<br />

ln frrnclul galeriei au fost colcctate de 1o orgi<strong>la</strong> umeiltr, atit de po<br />

pcrc{,i, cit 5i dc ln buil lor, nokornia cattilid'e Fi An 'opal'itet plgmacu$.<br />

In brziuclo crr ir,pir, scmnalitm prczolr{a lui Niphargrc sp.<br />

Ckiroptera. La, 95,I.1954 s-au gisit ?lecotus o'ustriaau's qi. ltkinol'ottlLus<br />

hipoosiilct'ot.<br />

--<br />

Irauna <strong>la</strong>piclicoli <strong>din</strong> f&ta, exurgcnfci.l. Den'd,robaena sp.i Cochlicopa<br />

lubt'i,cq, Zonitoidet nilidns, l<strong>la</strong><strong>din</strong> paregra 1 llyloniuus sp. ; Scutigeretrtro sp. ;<br />

Litlnbius (L.\ forticatus ; Cl thottius heaetoilli:ay<strong>la</strong>s' Neobisiun carpoliwm 1<br />

Na aslo a sp., .Ncmattonxa I Lulubrostono'l lugabre, Dtcruwl(Nntq sca'<br />

Llrtnt, t Taqcnat'ia situcstlis, N esticus cel,Lu<strong>la</strong>nus, Porrhomna conrafium,<br />

Lctttlphatilcs tcnuis, $tlllophor.t concolor, Bolb'11pln'rd,cs rigrbtas, Diploce;lllius<br />

cris<strong>la</strong>t&s, Lltcosida,ei Pergaaosu.t sp., Du;clcs tlerri,Lus, Li.acarus<br />

'r"rrscor',irr,<br />

ql,obostrs. Ceraloppia, bipitrLis, Phautrloppia lucorun' 1 Tysanuta i Dntonobrl<strong>la</strong><br />

E. d6rsat'is, Orchuell,a puiica, I'epi'itaqfius pa'adoaw, L. ser<br />

bi,cu.s, Tomoccrus f<strong>la</strong>oisacrc, T' minor, T. tulgatis, Cyplrcderus albi'rtus;<br />

Eclct:oplta 1 Losius alictr'tts, Aphaenogasl,er (AItonLYrnwJ slt'btcryanaa' i<br />

Colcoplcra; -Din Diptcrulitoclu,zclc<br />

Dcrctilor ealcarofli &i chcii s-tu colectet t Eridcricia<br />

st."a<strong>la</strong>i Pohtxenus <strong>la</strong>lturus, Lithobius (L,) sp, Anaurobius c<strong>la</strong>usttarius,<br />

Eor2actct rubicnttilus,-OouoTtB darwsticus i Ikysan'uro i ltltl,otnobrya ilotsd,it,<br />

Orclicscl<strong>la</strong> balcanicq. LcTtid'ocyrltts parailorus, L. ar'roicol'i't 1 Hcl'eropl'era.<br />

Pe;tero.oven <strong>din</strong> lesul Leordei<br />

Ddt.tc crtccklrilor.lt\Dlor:rrc:l si ericculrrca schilci: Ill. D u D) i trcscu ti J. Ttrnasachi,<br />

7.VIII.1956; T. OrgIidrn, l\l' Dunritr(rscu, J. T:trrrsachi, lil'<br />

..r\.ram ti lI. Gcorgcscu, 2,XI.1963, rrt. 1'160, C.I.S.<br />

Situat pc marginea, ds nord-vest a MasiYului l\untea Maror ln ca'rc<br />

se ciisestc si-ncstera Sura l\Iare, avenul <strong>din</strong> $osul Loortlei este s[pat in<br />

'ccnom-nnicnc li o a.ltituiline de ?50 m. Sc poatc ajungc <strong>la</strong>' GI urclnd<br />

"alda"e<br />

diD ci,tunul Ohnbt po drumul caro duce sprc sa,tul Fetlcri' Dupi' 300 m so<br />

prird,seqte drurnul gisc urmcazi poteca ce urci ln ser<strong>pe</strong>ul,iul' p€ vclsantul<br />

t In poiSlill ncGricioas!, G. Ata nr siu n pus lrl cvidcnli o sare dc uraniu'


co$tnlDuTIl Lrt amDlut, Pa.srEtlloll DIN nEG. Buril:r,or|lt^<br />

alo Dord-vest al !'runiii Mari pini <strong>la</strong> p<strong>la</strong>toul numit Sesul Leortlei: A-tloua<br />

cale de acces o connlituio poteca, caio porneftc tot ilin ctrtunul Ohaba,<br />

trecc treco <strong>pe</strong> pc deasuprft deasuprru rcsurgentci rcsurgenl,ci $urei Mari ti ocoleqte ocoleqlc ile-a de-a coasta,' pc <strong>la</strong>,<br />

Yedt. Yedt, Ma,si'l.|ll r-ul Fruntea Mare. Distlnte<br />

lti po un dl'umr qi Po ccli-<br />

Itlt csl,c d0 &proximutiv 3 kur.<br />

l'c$tcm, so dcschidc Printr'-uu<br />

mic aven. a cilui Eur[ ale Ul m<br />

no gi,scEto il aprofiorel marginii<br />

<strong>din</strong>inrc' Fedcri r Dlntformei dcsntrdririto,<br />

ntrdurito, aco<strong>pe</strong>t'iti, acot,cl'it[ ct crr blocuri blocu-ri 6i fi<br />

iuburtti urbu,fti (alunii. (aluni). Cr-rLoriqul<br />

Colioriful in sur'- IJur'-<br />

plombd nlombl dc 3,5 3,J m so face l&cc cu aju-<br />

alrriorul<br />

scl,rii dc funie. Pe{tcrt ln<br />

intrcgimo este puternic desccnrlcnti,<br />

urmind dilect'iu NS' difcrcnl{!<br />

dc rril'cl <strong>din</strong>trc intrtrro 5i extrornit&tcr<br />

tcuninul[ fiind de 16mt<br />

irr lunsimca totIlli do 27m (fig.9).<br />

l'cst ertl csto lormatl <strong>din</strong> iloul<br />

DAIIi : gulcrir dcsccndcuti,, pc<br />

Danttr rlc i5', ,"i sflite tclnrinali,'<br />

i circi extrbnrituto sudicl csto<br />

irlrcendcnti lri complct $to<strong>la</strong>gmitnr.ti.<br />

lntllimc.l maximi crit c dc<br />

?.j-r m in centrul sl,litci. Peretelo<br />

vostic &l dia,c<strong>la</strong>zei ca,r'e formeazd,<br />

galeri& cste de suloare rogc.lld, .ii<br />

tiDsit do concretiuni. Ccl estic<br />

pi'czirrti, lnsi citcttl r;crttgcri parictalc.<br />

$ ita c8te ln introgime 8t'a'<br />

hgmita,ti, impodobiti crr rjcurgeri<br />

r bc, coralitc ro$cator sta,<strong>la</strong>ctitct<br />

dom.<br />

Toa,tl podcaua' tle <strong>la</strong> intrare<br />

ni i ln miilocul silit'ei. esl,c moiroritS,<br />

cu 'material -ti a<strong>la</strong>;tic, mobil<br />

trunchiuri de arbori Putrezr,<br />

6alc ingrcuiazd coborlqul. In portiuncu,<br />

tcrmil<strong>la</strong>li,. mioa alcnive<strong>la</strong>ro<br />

russcntlcnti cstc icopcriLi, cu p<strong>la</strong>nfou<br />

dc calciti, iar in cotlonul a"scondcnt<br />

B urcuqul so tace po argilil<br />

ro5ie.<br />

V<br />

Intutwric complct numai in<br />

6i,lit[.<br />

tn<br />

Iemneratuta ltl 1E.VII.1956<br />

o<strong>la</strong> tlc 146C <strong>la</strong>, int<strong>la</strong>rc si 10'c ln<br />

sllitn. La 2.X1.1C63, 8"C ia introrc<br />

si 10"C ln s' it'i.<br />

Flg. 0. - PL$tcm-avcrr dlll icsul Lcordci.


lt.tRoluau'f<br />

DOUIa&DSCI, 3t COr,AR.<br />

, I|1ni..7i,Iatca 90 % iD porltiuncir, tc.rmin&li.<br />

7'qctot'ul trofic i;ln'tiv }ilo lcplczcntlt )r'in lcmnc l)utredc $i detritus<br />

vcgct. ,<br />

tr'arut'q' de eua'lebt'q,lc. Diu l)Drtcu, l[urinuti |'!rr lostj colcct[ti dc po<br />

trclc(i cilirrr, jndi\.izi dc ,41ott'o/ri'y.,: tlunrittcscui, irr dc sub pictlc C/torttltino<br />

icttIrt' CIarciLiiJuc; frortrltr's rrp.<br />

lu sirli!,n, stlhgmitati <strong>din</strong> lrtntltll alcnului, undc obsculit'tltcr! c$tc<br />

t,olrl[ ri unitlit,atct ircscutd,, s-&u gisit pc sub pietre ryi trunchiuli putlcclc:<br />

lhtchutracus bttchhotzi, Detrdrobucrtu t ubida;<br />

'L'rachysltl<strong>la</strong>crq co:ttata i Ccrt'-<br />

Ilorlci'rts s1r., 'Irogloliyltlmttlcs l;'t trczltrt'scl.i i 1[eteronurus ltil'ir,l'utt Lc'pitlocyrlus<br />

scib:icus,<br />

'Ionioccrus '1'richoccrianorpa sp,i Ctan- -.:<br />

lti<strong>la</strong>c; Tiltulidac.<br />

-\\--.'<br />

irul, fi;ii,1{i bt u' : I p cL c o d i, tt c tc t,,.t,," io, -i\\s-' \ it ==-><br />

""t<br />

,tlorra: sp., sD., (:/nasiliic<strong>la</strong>c<br />

(:<strong>la</strong> sitiidac 1 i Annaclill,itJ,itt'rn'<br />

A nnaclillitliu nt acr.- aer- \) \'<br />

siclolor rit tnrlucsct'i alu'n , flylott'itcttu sp.; Zi-<br />

2n<br />

thobirc tL.) r tlltocclth.aLus sclt'ulcri i Chlltuttius<br />

(8.\ titruch'tattrs, Ch. lnuthi, Ch. ttio- lii5. r0. - I,,:r!rr. c,rrro dc r,c<br />

)ttrthai-,t,ut,-li,[o/t{'?{.\<br />

rp. I Rrigcsiut tob,rsttt::,<br />

dfrl'l rl ol'il''i'<br />

':troqtrLurr<br />

"'rlul<br />

trcpnrfott:tis1 Diclttna s1t., tLmatt'<br />

rol'iiu c<strong>la</strong>uitrlrlius, Dlst<strong>la</strong>nt, sp., Sc(/d.\'lr'i4 yctrca&tata' Laplky\tllutttct<br />

Icrrrosris,.rlilictctllrrt hctbiltrcdttt; Ontttositics I 'Itotttbidiitkr'c 1 lthagii'iiLl.rc i<br />

Giltunua tarsipcnna<strong>la</strong>, Schcloributas <strong>la</strong>eoigatut, Dantuu c<strong>la</strong>tigara, D-


29 corirruErrTfl u sTgDruL tBofERrLoIl DlN IrDo. IIuNnDo,/|ll.{<br />

l,ur,qers.lnrfi z .[)inluro i Tkwanrna i Tehadon hoplnro bienalensisr' Qnyehi'<br />

urrk ornritit, Enton6bryi Bp., .Diclt oma atral Conodenti,u; Coleoptoa i<br />

Di.NarA.<br />

,<br />

Peptero $uro Mqre de lo Ohqbq-Ponorului<br />

Sin. Pestero More de lo Ohobo Ponorului<br />

lsr,ri.. I'rima (fxploraro a l)c$Lerii tr lost fncuti ln 1029 de cltrc Schadlcr!l<br />

'l'onr<br />

Icnclu diA Pri, carc au lnai ot 000 nr. Urnrtrtoar'€lc €xplortrri au lost ltrcute dc<br />

t. chrrntan, 1931 i .DuDritrcscu li T, OrghidsD, 1950' 1S63.<br />

Dalele c.rc.Ituilot. T, O rghi da n, Vsl. Pu Scarl u, lI. Du Drl tro3c u $ J.'l'a_<br />

rasachi, r7.Ix.ro53; T. Orghidan, il. Du itr€scu 9l J.,Tanasachl'<br />

20.\I.t05.t; Il. Du|nitrcscu,'l'. OrBhidor! J' Tanasachi hl $t. Avratnr<br />

1lr- 22-V.191i2, ||I. 171,,905, 116$,$6?'06tt,00{r,C.I.S-;T.Orghidrn' J.''l'nnrischl'<br />

ll,(icors $cu, St. vram $iA. llollingcr,20-22.V111r002,nr205'1061'C.l.S.;<br />

'I'. orghidon si L Dost!\ 28.XI.!962; T. Orghtdarr, I BostaD, l'I. Dumllre<br />

scr till. Gcorgcscu, 11.XII.ISG2, ff. 12?5,C.I'S.;'tOrghldan' I. Bostan'<br />

ll. Dunlitrcscr $i lu. Gcorgcscu, 0.L1903, fihrrorc hr llltcrio.ul pc$lcdi; M' Du nll_<br />

trcscu, T. Orghi(<strong>la</strong>n SiA, Burghete, 13.11I.1963, ff. 1270' C'I.S.; T. Orghld<br />

u u, ]U. G r u i a $ D. $ c r b { n, 27.VI.1963, nr. 2{7, 1307, Gl.S. ; T. O r g h i d a tr, lU. D u -<br />

Dritroscu, J.'Ianasachl, lll, Ccorgcscu, $t. Avranr $l lrl. Cru<strong>la</strong>' 3.VlI.<br />

1063, nr.2,t9, C.l.S.; T. Otghidan il l. Bostan, 5-XL1$63; ll. Dumitreicu tl<br />

T. orghid&D, 17.vlll1s64, Dr, 352, c,I.S.<br />

IJocuitorii regiunii Eafeg numesc $ura Ma,re <strong>pe</strong>qtera do <strong>la</strong> Oha,ba'<br />

Ponorului, ilin care iese riul Obnbei' adici portea <strong>din</strong> flv&l t, reiclei subtoranc,<br />

ilczvoltati intre Iruntl[tura Ponorului gi $rrra Mare. -Dupir harta<br />

toDosrafic[ 1/100000, distanta, ln linio dfespt5, diD.trc tr.unddl,u.ra Pono-<br />

"uiui(o.lt. 88tj m) ti risurgentd (alt, 460 m) este aproa<strong>pe</strong> alo 4 km iar alile'<br />

renl':I dc dvel <strong>din</strong>trc ceIG doui puncte de <strong>pe</strong>ste 400 m. Ditr acestc dato<br />

rozulttr, chr cd pcqtera $ura Mare constituio o Gxceplis 11 <strong>la</strong>ra noa-st'I5'<br />

mai alcs c[, dupd, 6xploli,rilc pa,rtie,lo electuate pind acu4.ln sistcrnul <strong>din</strong><br />

aval a.l pc$tcrii, s-a dovedit ci va,lea subterand lormeaz6 cotituri caxe cu<br />

Drolr.rbjlitato ^<br />

dubleaz[ lunsimc& ale 4 ]m.<br />

Pcitera, $rua, Mare sC ileschide In <strong>pe</strong>.reteie care Jormeazi f<strong>la</strong>ncul dc<br />

S-V ol nodisu.lui carstic Ponorici - Funditura Ponoiului.<br />

Pqrjlilrl<strong>din</strong> satul Ohaba po va,lea rlului cu aca<strong>la</strong>$ numc, in amonte,<br />

gi pirisinil ultimde ca,sc;-Gumul continui carn 600 m spro l{-It pdn<br />

tlcfilcul Obabei, destul de greu d.o stribitut ln <strong>pe</strong>rioadole apclor sescuto.<br />

Dcfileul csto sdpaL in bandurile groaso decalcar titonic ale vcltantului do<br />

sud al ltuntii lta]i. Lo ultima c6titurl a canionului a<strong>la</strong>re in Iali' <strong>la</strong> distan{,&<br />

de 120-130 n, intr-un lerete tnnsversal care blochcazi, valea, o<br />

dcspicituri vcrticcli,,' gum, $ur-ii trrari, orientali spre 6ud lo o altitu<strong>din</strong>c<br />

tle.i00 nr (fig. 11). lDllftmea'gurii <strong>pe</strong>qferii a lost aprcciali mai lntli dc noi<br />

<strong>la</strong> 35-40 jno dar: misuid,toarea ufterjcard, cu tclcmctrul a gtrsit-o a {i rlo<br />

3? m. Pcxctii sii, a,proapg para,lcli, sint 14,0-8 m distanli rlnul alc altul.<br />

. I. Gh crmn n (1931) a aprcciat lntrtliDe! deschldcrii lo 20 In' ccca cc rcprczlnti cenr<br />

iunlillrlc <strong>din</strong> cca rcolil. .


i\I]\llcat<br />

tll\ DU]lI]'ttEs( u !l coirllr,<br />

Iic'Icrinrlu-nc llr etapcle principlle a.lc carcetirii acostei pc,;teri, tt[ur<br />

uuni,tourclc prccizi,ri.<br />

I'rim& cxplor&rc a avut loc in 19!9, cind $chatl ler qi Toma<br />

I on ci u luli iuaintaL 600rnlu intorior. duul cu|r tlirmi I. G lt cr ru il n,<br />

f<br />

Fig. ll. - Pc$tcra $um l<strong>la</strong>rc. I'rivirc cltrc ictircc riului Ohaba<br />

<strong>din</strong> valc.r sublcfan:i.<br />

Gcologul I. Ghclrrln scric ci, in 1931 tt, ciDlor:rt pcqtera pco<br />

luugirno t1c ! lln, cu ljulrolul unci bi,rci, fiind insol,it tlc doi localnici.<br />

. In 195.1, IL I)umitres cu, T. Orghir<strong>la</strong>n $i J. 'IanDs<br />

a c h i, ctl o brrci! rnili&]ri, lru inilintct 900 n} ti au cxccut&t pcntru


fiolln Durll rJr aTtrDrul, tta'lnnltt'B DIr{ ll8o. IIltNBlroAltA 30.<br />

prim& altt6 cartografierol <strong>pe</strong>gterii <strong>pe</strong> distanfc orplorat{, cam cu 260m.h;<br />

amonte do cascada pln[ <strong>la</strong> care lnaintaso L Gherman ln !.931. Aceasta.<br />

lnsoampd ci autorul montionat a lnaintat nuna,i ?00 m, h <strong>pe</strong>gfuri, Iapt<br />

caro rezultd c<strong>la</strong>r gi tlin descrierea foarte corocti a trasoului, Dac{,' G h o r-<br />

m a n ar fi itraintat rn[car pind, ]a 060 rE, or. fi rtrsbuit si lntillonsci aflu- ,<br />

cntul subteran colo vine <strong>din</strong> partea .stingd cam, ln acel loc..,AutoruI<br />

nu vorbcqte insd nimic despro acest alluent In tlescrieroa so. . . .<br />

Io 9.I.1963 r avut loc lilmrrea secventelor tr)eDtru filmul documoptar<br />

,,I-,umea <strong>din</strong> beznirt. T. 0 r g h i iI a n lmpreuli.cu regizornl I. B o s t a 4,<br />

echipafi cu costumo alo cauciuc, Id,ri barc6, rguqesg,1a.5,XI.1903 si lnAin;,<br />

tezo ln <strong>pe</strong>$teTi <strong>pe</strong> o distanli do 2 hlrt, oonstatintl prezente formaliiunilor<br />

purticu<strong>la</strong>,rc de caloit{, ln lorm5, ile ciuporci onorms, papo bareaze, <strong>din</strong> loc<br />

in loc llbia cursului, subtcran<br />

Lo 1?.YI[.1964, T. O r g h i rl a n qi trf. D q m i t r e s c rr ilesco<strong>pe</strong>ri.<br />

al doilea ponor al refolei subterane a piriului Oha<strong>la</strong> ln Funditura <strong>din</strong><br />

l,'ata Dcalului (alt. 900 m), unde au fost aruncatc 500 g fluorc$ceirl.<br />

I)upi 14 olc, ryu colorul,i a, ljuns h gua pcgl,crii $uro Mato,<br />

Parte.! <strong>din</strong> a,vol r <strong>pe</strong>.lterii prin cere ourge riul.Ohaba, cxplorati piBU,.<br />

lrr prczcnt <strong>pe</strong> o distantt dc 2 km, reprezinti o,gal€rie cu lirgi4rea variind<br />

lntrc 1qi 19 m, dar ccl m&i aclesca lntre 4 qi 5 m $ cu un as<strong>pe</strong>ct dc<br />

defileu subteran. IJa uuccst as<strong>pe</strong>ct coutlibuio in primul rind lni,lfimea marc<br />

u galcriei, cu pclcfi dlepgi, care sc ridici uneori pin[ <strong>la</strong> 40 m, unrle se<br />

apropic trcptnt ulu.l dc altul, pierzindu-se ln unele locuri ln diac<strong>la</strong>zi lngus-<br />

(irlii, cllrc illocuiclto trvanul proFiu-zis.<br />

In.r,l doilcr llnd, albia, subtcrani eflte formati <strong>din</strong>tr-o ncsfr$itl<br />

dtornent* de puto mai repczi, cu blocuri mari, ddrimotc ,ii do <strong>la</strong>curi<br />

linifl,ite, a<strong>din</strong>ci do 2 -3 m cind nivelul apolor scade qi iungi pln[ <strong>la</strong> 18-30 tn.<br />

Accasti altern&nii dc <strong>la</strong>curi cq portiuni de albie cu blocuri illrlmate forrnenzL<br />

principuln, dificultate a exploririi $urei Mari.<br />

Pentrrr a simplilica tlescrierea,, s-a subiqrpd,riit partca c&rtografirtt a<br />

pc,)lrcrii :ii iu iD cinci seclioare secxoare (4. (4, Ii. Ii, C. C, D. D, D). ln In accact[ accasti opcralic oDcratic a,m &m tinut trinut<br />

r{(jamalo alo caructer'olc Dcgterii. pcqterii, c& si ti de directiilc variate ,te olo alo r glleriilor. glleriilor, cme, cnre,<br />

duDi, dupi, cum vom vcdco, sint slnt imDortanto importanto in strbilirer lcgiturii<br />

<strong>din</strong>tre structum<br />

geologicl $i gcnezr <strong>pe</strong>tterii (fig. 12).<br />

Beatwiil A, sau ga,lcria de <strong>la</strong> intmre, c! directi.! S-N,lungde12om,.<br />

:rlo o ld,rgime ca'rc raiiiaz{, intle 6 fi 12 ui, lnnlgime'a tavanrilui se nenlino<br />

mcren intre 30 Di .10 m,<br />

La intrarea in <strong>pe</strong>qteri, panta aibiei dovine impcrceptibili, apa curge<br />

liniqtit, iar <strong>la</strong> 20 m distanlb tle gur6 aparc qn <strong>la</strong>c lung do 17-18 m gi<br />

a<strong>din</strong>c do 3 rn. Accsta poate fi insi ulor trccut, t<strong>la</strong>toritd, unei coamo submerse<br />

dc nisip neintrerupttr ds <strong>la</strong> un cap <strong>la</strong> altul <strong>pe</strong> lingd, <strong>pe</strong>rotelo sting. Lacul se<br />

t'crmind, b 40 m distantl de Ia intrare, ln punctul untle ilou6 blocuri mari<br />

de calcar formeazi o barierd hansversa,ld @re poato Ii trecut[ sau esca<strong>la</strong><strong>din</strong>il<br />

po deasupra blocului care so Bprijint <strong>pe</strong> <strong>pe</strong>rctolo sting,.sau, mtui<br />

simplu, printre celc doutr, blocuri untls opa aro 80-90 cm atllncimo. Do<br />

aici m&i departe, panta albioi so accentuea,zd, cascadelo sint numeroase,<br />

apl curgind priutro l.rlocuri mari.<br />

Aspcctul galeriei cste monumsatal, Perefii, tnalli tlo 36'3? m,<br />

slnt umezi qi sclipcsc ln ruelo lum.inii oaro pitrunde p n intrarea de mari<br />

Iroportii l <strong>pe</strong>qtorii. Pots ma,ri vcrzui, core aco<strong>pe</strong>rb suprofcl,c ilestul do


Ntncl'<strong>la</strong>ur<br />

Du lr&rdscr, ar coLul<br />

lntinsa, a.nti,, mai :das po <strong>pe</strong>retole. drept, tlezvolt&rea biotopulqi higropctdc.<br />

G&lcrie continul utlel pini,, fn sa<strong>la</strong> B, undo apa se liniit€qtt) dirr<br />

Dou. Blocuile mftIi <strong>din</strong> albio alispa,r, dar nu lipsesc <strong>pe</strong> malul st<strong>la</strong>g, unde<br />

tlparc fli o p<strong>la</strong>j[ nisipoas6, cmc se los5, uqor, pinl ln liu. Albia rlului aici<br />

cstc lorm&ti, <strong>din</strong> prundiq ru<strong>la</strong>t dc ca,lcat qi cristalin.<br />

Scclorul, B, sau sa<strong>la</strong> more a <strong>pe</strong>tterii, de mari tlimcnsiuni, lung de<br />

45 m lsi lorg do 35 m, s-& format Ia intorse-cfia ou o dioc<strong>la</strong>zi trousrrersold,<br />

li -V, pcrpcudicuiarri <strong>pe</strong> dirccfia ga,leriei A. lir jumltat€a nordicl a ace$tci<br />

siili, 1c mrlul drcpt a,l a,pci sc gisegto nD mare depozit de prundiq m<strong>la</strong>l,,<br />

coDl,inintl ncuurniratc elemcnte de oulturl matel'ia,li, rroolitic[ Ei ura,i rcccntii,<br />

iu s<strong>pe</strong>cial fragmente dc ceramici. De alemene&, acest dcpozit de<br />

1 500 -3 000 m! couiill.c numcroaso resturi scheletice de mima,le domcsticc,<br />

Depozitul are o iniilJimc dc 6 m deosupra a<strong>pe</strong>i, undo a6to nive<strong>la</strong>t, formlnd<br />

o tcrasS,<br />

Sealorul C,);lng lc 40 m, este sculunt<strong>la</strong>t ln lini;te qi obscuritate. Aici<br />

razelo dc lunini de <strong>la</strong> iDtran'o Du mai pot ajungo declt ln s<strong>la</strong>bi mlsuri,<br />

ia,r albir rlcdtqiti <strong>din</strong> Disip adaposteDte un <strong>la</strong>c pqfin a<strong>din</strong>c (ptn[ <strong>la</strong> 1 m),<br />

da,r c"r,ro se intiudc po toati lungimes alo 40 m a scctorului, do <strong>la</strong> utr pcrcte<br />

<strong>la</strong> altul, cu o ltrrgimo do ?-12 m. Nivelu-l sd,u este cu ? m ileasupn, <strong>la</strong>cului<br />

dc <strong>la</strong>, intrare.<br />

<strong>la</strong> jumi,tatea aceshri sector se deschide in <strong>pe</strong>retclc sting al Spletiei<br />

un cotlon ascendcnt, soncretionat, lung ale 8 m, caro adiposte,tte <strong>la</strong> c&pitnl<br />

sdu uu mic <strong>la</strong>c pcrmuent. Direclio rliac<strong>la</strong>zei pc carc B-a follnat lccst,<br />

coflon rrc indicl dilcc{,ia principftll li-N t! diac<strong>la</strong>zclor rnasivului cirlcaros<br />

resDcctiv. -<br />

Dmmul &rcuit !e cane il desoric ga,lcria in drcptul sectorului C ii<br />

sclfmbl direotia inifialn V-E sprs S-N.<br />

Scatorul, D. Galeria, aqternutd cu nisip, cotestc uqor sprc N-trIV <strong>pe</strong> o<br />

d,istrl.nlii de 120 rn; albia arc o fucslinane ufoDri,, dar €videnti, ; flDoi nisi]ul<br />

dispa,ro .ti apa cutgo zglobiu printro pietro qi bolovani, ?e alocuri Drintre<br />

bloculi na,r'i. Important esto faptul. ct ?c aceasti lungime g!.lclia sc iuguri,o!,zli<br />

tloptat, tiuzind spro protilul s[u do 2-3 Dr lirgimc, carc so pi$trcnzai<br />

aprocpo invrriabil in rostuJ erplorat aI <strong>pe</strong>$torii. Ld,llimea, rimixc ds<br />

a.scrlenql, con,stant5,, tavaxul gi.sinalu-ss mereu <strong>la</strong> 30-3ir m. Dupi 120 m,<br />

dirccl,i& ga'lerici sc schimbi sprc rrcst <strong>pe</strong> o distaxJ,I de 20 m ryi apoi bru;c<br />

sprc ND,<br />

Sectoml D poatc fi numit ga,lerit liliccilor', dcoaa'ece pc traicctul sirr<br />

so efaloDca,zS, in timpql iernii mai lntii marea colonic de Pi,Tti rel|us 1ti-<br />

?istrcltrus. nrnrtltii do i[divizi izohl,i dc Bw'bastcl,l,a bat'ba$cllus qi ds Nycl,alus<br />

t.octu<strong>la</strong>, r etra,,si in litoc<strong>la</strong>zcle <strong>pe</strong>retilor.<br />

Scato"ttl, 8,, d,s 600 m luDgimo, arc o oricntarc geuernll V-D, cri rrtrcle<br />

?rb&tcri provocatc do sinuozitStilo .\/Sii subtcrano, Dup[ p]inrii 20 lr,<br />

bolta, situatt lft 40 rn ind,lf,ime, odipostetto o {oa.rte marc colonio dc<br />

Minio?lcn8 scht'cdDa'sii, ia.r


'ofifrluIJf<br />

L sruDlut, tDJr|itlt,oti DtN tBo. rlulBDolnA<br />

lnqiruiesc insi nui departe, avind adlncimi care trec uneori d€ 2,5 m..<br />

Pe misurS, ce sc irulintcazi po galoria rce8tui Bector so constatl c5, apa,.<br />

curge po rosi goa,ld,, fi,ri, prundiq, <strong>din</strong> ca,uza, unei proruntate lnclintri a.<br />

albiei, care prezinti, <strong>din</strong> loc h loc fi mici cascado de 30 -?0 cm ln{,liime.<br />

Do <strong>la</strong> scctorul C qi pinl in capd,tul cxtrcm al sectorului D so urci<br />

a,ploximDtiv 17 -18 m.<br />

Cu 180 m inainto de sfirqitul accstui sector, <strong>pe</strong>retcle drcpt conline<br />

o frumoas6 scurgere de calcit[ de dimsnsiuui mari, in formd, de cupol[ cu<br />

falduri cars coboard sprc apa ulci dorne.<br />

Mai ln amoDte lr, 9i) m, pcrctele stlng fornea,zl un intrinil <strong>la</strong>rg, ascendent,<br />

oricntat sprc S-SE. S6 poa,to urca pin{,<strong>la</strong> 10-12 m iniltimo, ce€a ce<br />

pormil,c o Derspcctiv[ intcresamtl asuBra albiei subteranc, Pcrs<strong>pe</strong>ctiva,<br />

degi rcilusi,, inprcsione{Etr priu fa,ptul ci, spro tavan galcria -este mult<br />

li,rgitn fntt de albia care in aval gi lu arnontc o foarto lngustl. In tlreptul<br />

intriudului, &lbia tlre itrsi o li,timo de 5-0 m. Cu lDctr, 80 m mai lu amonto<br />

apa.rs un alluent sting cn un dobit, mic, c&re viuo <strong>din</strong>tr-o g&Ierio Btrlmti,<br />

<strong>din</strong>sprc sud, foattc inolus<strong>la</strong>ti, accesibill nqmai pa 0 m lungimo, gi coboari,<br />

ln piriul subter:tu al Olu,bci printr.o cascadd, ilo L,5 tn ini,lfirae. Albia tormca,zd,<br />

dci o domi <strong>pe</strong>fundul c4reia cxisti <strong>la</strong>me vertica,le de calcar submorsen<br />

dcstul de iualte, caro trebuie ovitate, De aici albia cotegto brusc sprc silnga,.<br />

luind dilecJ,i:r, spre nord, ln prclungires afluentului care se a,Ili 1lo &ccc;rfli<br />

liuic dc iliac<strong>la</strong>zl.<br />

Itrxplorarea ofccl,rratr ln 5.XI.1903 dc T. Or ghi d an qi I.3os-<br />

1, r! n a, pcrmis s[ sc inainl,czo luci 000-1 000 m mai Bus. Ddrn il<strong>la</strong>i accanti'<br />

cilrl sub rozcrvi, intrucit [u am ficut cartar€a.<br />

Monotonia albici subterune in aceastd parte a <strong>pe</strong>gtclii, mereu sirlmti.<br />

Di cu multe dornc, csl,o intrerupti, ln 3 locurr, cam <strong>la</strong> egali, distanti hho<br />

clc, dc enorme forrnriiuDi de calciti,, oxtrem dc particu<strong>la</strong>re, cNre &miul,eso<br />

toatc trei plofilul tle ciu<strong>pe</strong>rcd,, cu,,pi,li,ria" fixati, intrc cei doi ?crcli,<br />

l$ 0-7 m lnllfime, de <strong>la</strong> cnre se <strong>la</strong>si iu apd, piciorul pi,tind ln primul<br />

momerrtj ail barczc complet drumul. Pind, ln accst punct extrem el explordlii<br />

noilsti'c, albia, snbtc<strong>la</strong>ni, ulci, ccl mult 40 m. Cu a,lto cuvintc, ll},<br />

apro&<strong>pe</strong> 9 ki1 distaniri dc <strong>la</strong> intrarc ne g5,sim <strong>la</strong> cota de 500 m. Dsto de<br />

prosuDus ci mr dopar'l,c dc punctul pini, le ca,rc am ajuns albia fiubterani,<br />

si aibl o scric ds ca$cndc r ciror esca<strong>la</strong>darc va fi loartc dificili?.<br />

In cccl, cc privelte nivelu:'ilc de eroziune, ele se potr ulmi,ri ln loarto<br />

mull,c loculi:!lc lleftorii, Dl() au fosb de ascmenea observ]l,e ti notate corect<br />

dcI. Ghormitn, Nivelul jnferior v^riazia t\fie 2 fli3m, iar col suDerior<br />

inl,re 10 fi 12 rn. Dc multe ori accste nivoluri sint morrcatc, cind <strong>pe</strong> un<br />

Icrete, cind pc ccli<strong>la</strong>lt, sub forma unor ncobil,uri ln sthci, ci.lrc llu sc<br />

Iot d ,tora iu cazul fJurci Mari uD,ci curgeri sub presiune, oi rrc a,ra,ti lo{,o<br />

deosebiti lr, trpci Ei a matcrialului transportat de ca, carc a scobit 1lcrct,ii<br />

rnai cu putcre in ilou[ <strong>pe</strong>rioade dilerite <strong>din</strong> evoluliile pcqterii.<br />

Dacd, privim harta geologicd c<strong>la</strong>borat[ de M. .d.. I[ D tu u I e o (1957),<br />

ob;crvlm c[ intresul sistenr subtar&D, al riului Ohaba csl,c cuDritrs intre<br />

douLi falii paralcle, cu directia ND-SV, disian<strong>la</strong>te una, de tllta carn cu<br />

7 it<strong>la</strong>tci Glrica |re-a coDru[icat verbal di In iarnr anrrlui 1064-1065 a dcpiltit cu.<br />

cil.cva sutc do lDctri punclul $lins (lc uoi, oprirrdu-s0 lo o coscadi dc 5 nr, grcu dc oscq<strong>la</strong>dat.


Fld 19 - PD.t,r^ qnrr \l.ra


(om&tauTrM<br />

STUDIUL PaStEATI,oR r,rN IrAe. EUriErroAnA<br />

800-900 m, Accsto falii ispreziEtd, ln ace<strong>la</strong>$ timp liniile dc conttct <strong>din</strong>he<br />

jurasic - qi<br />

'Prima<br />

cretacic, '<br />

faUe. cca de nord (a) (fie.6), Futraldtua Ponorulni - Dilna<br />

lui Coroi, canteaz[ ana ponorutiri ilieira) in punctul principnlei insurgen[e<br />

n sist-cmi{ui. Accrr,sti csl,o imponebrt}bild. A doua falie, ccfl do Ir sud (C)'<br />

Dcalul Mltuqonilor-Fruntcn Mare' ca,pteazi epD ilLsulgcntci sccrudaro dc<br />

<strong>la</strong>, Fate Dcrlqlui, pcnetHbild, dtr furcl noexplorut[. Apa,r clrc sc pieralc<br />

, flS. 13' - Funditura Ponorului'<br />

uin lulia de nold, pir,ri,seste ilrumul gi igi stabilcqle ctttsul, cel putin <strong>pe</strong>rrt I'lt<br />

b nartc a albici subterano, de-a lungul fa,lici dc sud' undc intilnettte upt!<br />

ilirrrgcnfei sccuudarc. Iefirca a,pci <strong>din</strong> ma,siv are loc plilr gulu.\iurci Nari'<br />

intlo celc doui Ialii <strong>la</strong> sud do Frunte& Maro (fig. 5).<br />

'lnccicir,rilo dc coloraro cq fluorcsceintr, <strong>la</strong> cele


Il]\nc./|t|l4lA<br />

DU IAS,B!iCU ii colnl'.<br />

tr(oi <strong>la</strong> nord, sistcnul hidrogr.a.fic Ponorici-Cioclovipa! a,vind conaUl,ii<br />

ascrninltoarc dc roci, qi dcnivc<strong>la</strong>ro, l moileht Ei el si,li rg ga,lorii va,stc.<br />

Ztnlirr,o lldtruude iu pogteti nurlrri pinri iu sa<strong>la</strong> ll.<br />

Tcm<strong>pe</strong>raturo, auuha,ln sectorul D, 8"C <strong>la</strong> 10.I.1963, 10'C <strong>la</strong> 3.VfI.1003.<br />

Icil<strong>pe</strong>ralura @?€i in Ecctor.ul D, 7'C <strong>la</strong> 19"I.1063, goc ta 3,YII.1063.<br />

Unidito,tca !00 o/o.<br />

Cnrcrvt rlc acr pc toatl lungimen explomti a pcqter.ii.<br />

Iacloru,l lroJic. Iiesursclc alimentare sint rcalusc <strong>la</strong> rnateriald tran$-<br />

I,olltut. rlc lpii qi ll! grranoul a,cumu<strong>la</strong>t pc pletforlllc,<br />

7'auta rlc trcwrtcbratc. In galer,in, dc <strong>la</strong>, intrarc pc pcrcii s-e gisit:<br />

Ncntaslon.a sp. i lIcta, nr,cnartli, M, ncrisnae, Ihwnitidac 1 Orch,uel,l,a.<br />

car'palicq, fo rcccrus utittot l Dhyocoptki,l,a :fasoia<strong>la</strong>, R. <strong>la</strong>i"sti,t, Phil,opotanrlrs<br />

sp. 'Iot in accasti gnlerie <strong>la</strong>una <strong>la</strong>,pitlicoli estc comDusi <strong>din</strong> z Lillwbius<br />

(L.l eryllLroccpkalus, L. (L,l orlll,krocephal,us arytllrocaph.olus i Nema-<br />

Atomo $p. i Le,plllllphanl,cs l,cprouts, Diplocephalus uistatus, Oedolhorut<br />

Itt scut-; Onychiuru.t a,rn<strong>la</strong>tlts, Tontoccrtu ttiuor.<br />

In s:rJii (sccl.olul B), pc lcrctiii dirr drcptul ylll,fourrci, pc blocuri ;i<br />

lrr' baza lor: Agclcna sintil,it, lI islopona sp,, Mcta ntcnaxli, il. iLcrialtacl<br />

Ncslicut pulcot:unt, Z ilLa $,i'ocmi, 'LctrtthlJaphantas<br />

Leprosus,' Dipl,oca4tkalui.<br />

ctistratus i Lcltid,ocyrtu,s sp.; Pkil,opo<strong>la</strong>mus montenus; Culicictrac, Trkoridac,<br />

Trichocctidae.<br />

Pe cursul subtoran (sectorr D), <strong>la</strong> 350 m clo <strong>la</strong> intrare, irr zona ir<br />

ca're sc fttli,postess coloniilo de lilieci, po p<strong>la</strong>t{orm& cu gu0no situat[ <strong>la</strong>, 4 u<br />

luiilfirrrc rlcrsuprit, l,pci s-au gr.rsit : LcTttkllptlnu,<strong>la</strong>s lcltt ottut, .f)iplo


{()tr'(tatt}Ultl LA stUDIUl, PAlfftt|lr,Oll DIN nEO. IlttNriDOAr|A<br />

sa ttrai Olutchiurul armatus, Ot'ahceal'l,o aarpatica, O. pontioa, O. bi<strong>la</strong>sci'a<strong>la</strong>,<br />

trsanidoivrlie aD., Tornoaerus .flqt)ascen8, T, mdnor, SnTinthurus lubbochi;<br />

Dirmapiera; Iiaieroptcro i Hllmcnopl'ara i Coleopter.& i<br />

'Iiauna,<br />

Pip,lua:.<br />

litoclniicd <strong>din</strong> vecindtatea ponomlui I S<strong>pe</strong><strong>la</strong>eoiriscus l'riarie,<br />

(l ausi,li.i.t<strong>la</strong>e ; Isoporl'o' 1 Pol'gaenus <strong>la</strong>gurw i Chlhonius -(D.l<br />

telrqehel'al.ust<br />

Ch. hrulLi:' EqaAuts cuLoefi'tis i Titonoaco ap., Amotrobiue vp-t llerpralc;<br />

sn.. Scocslrio imoca<strong>la</strong><strong>la</strong>, Te<strong>la</strong>tario ferugineq Agctreto siuilit, ilclo rcli'<br />

&{r*'rn+nael,, Porrlwtnnw 8p., I'eplhry,he*ka leprou's, Diptlocephalus<br />

etisk tlls. Silticus nubcscens, Pariloso morosa, l4coso netwrolis i Galunma<br />

., Cybacut ottgualiannt, CiciLth'a<br />

cii,urca. Lcplhtnhsu,lcs l,enrosus, Tlicrcmate sp., Diptlocaphalus cri$,@t?.'$'<br />

Ocdothorut'f ui6w, Pardosa cI' r&orosu' Sdlicidae i Acdtina; I)il,lttrq i<br />

'l' h u vn uta t' O nlnscll'a or im tal,is, Lcltidoryrtu s parado rut, C y Ttludcr us<br />

Liticnlic utus; Ilctercplctq i llynut'ttplcra1 CotPoptcrui Di)rlcru'.<br />

I&una litoc<strong>la</strong>zici, diD veciritateo resu-rgentci : Dnakglraeus bu,chltol.ai,<br />

lttllortiu uulchc\Lu i lsopoda; Poluuanu-t. l,agurus; Simphyl'a; Litltoliua<br />

(L-l forfiittlutt: Clrlluntins (8.\ tclruechclotlls 1 Nenatktttu ,1t., -Ag(cttr.s<br />

onioc'oi; Antaurobins sp., 'Iogeuatio 8p', Ifrplhypllstttcs alwis' L- lc'<br />

rttusus. iialoccphatus cristatus f O lltttrto


i\IlllGARItT;l DUltlTlll.iSCV,3i COIiB.<br />

e-<br />

!0 nr, st)_frtcc pl.ilrtrc NLinsi |ji bolova,ni in\.clili<br />

cu mrsuhi ri.ru pril,llilili ]cccut diu pcl.otclo<br />

stincos, Din pc.$l,erll icsa un pfu.iu carc <strong>pe</strong> toL<br />

parcursul Sltt{ dcpuuc .l.giliru I'ODctttd, Lran$portati,<br />

dir pcDtcri. Altitu<strong>din</strong>e& 4?5 n. Ctliare<br />

jurir,sicc titorfce (malm).<br />

Peqtor0 are lungimca tol.nld de 0? m qi<br />

e6te mode<strong>la</strong>ti pc traicctul unci Ltiac<strong>la</strong>zc oblicc,<br />

olientati dc h, V <strong>la</strong> ll. l<strong>la</strong>, se str.iDrteezii<br />

lrcpl|}L lrini itr pu-ncLlll dc undc cxplorarcl<br />

dcr.iuc_inposi bili. Iuill,imcr.r, r,ariaz.i, iutr.c !,;i<br />

.t n] (Iig. 14).<br />

Pcrof.ii pc;tcrii, in tualc parlc dc culoirrc<br />

car,linrizic, prczinti. criDituri unrJ)lute cu ctlcil:i,<br />

depusl clc apa tlo infiltra{,ic, Ira, 40 rn dc ll intntulc<br />

tpar plinrclc corrclc{,iuni sub for.nrl de<br />

sclllgoli $l,a,lx.gnriticc, ltmo Qrr snl)|'!r,Il!(a iDrpodobitl<br />

cu cor. lile ,,si vili6oiuc a,lbc. Illi ln proft<br />

rnzinrc, pcre-tclc stlltglnikr,l, cslc .rcol,crjt,(.lr<br />

rDiclogluuri. lu lrrullc locuri, collcrcl.inlrilo srinl,<br />

acopcrito cu o pojghili find, du ruloaro ncagri,<br />

probabil ilcpuneli rna,nganoa,sc.<br />

Albia cursului subteraD, si,patL in pirtrl,<br />

prezinti in amonte 3 praguri do cita 0,ir0 clrl,<br />

a"t& ci, difclurta, dc nivel a, albici pir.iului cstc<br />

l -i) m-<br />

Il apropierea gurii s-a format un mic <strong>la</strong>c<br />

cu fundul aco<strong>pe</strong>rit de nisip ,;i argili roriie, iar<br />

sup<strong>la</strong>fat& r<strong>pe</strong>i este acopor.itt, cu o pituri dc<br />

irlge Ycrzi.<br />

Lunri*a dihtzi,t pi,tlunde iu <strong>pe</strong>,;tcrd, pini,<br />

h o distrnl,t rle aproximativ 30 m, jum[[r,tur,<br />

.dil fund a galeriei fiind complct intunoclti,.<br />

Icntlrcraturo, a,erlJlui l 2?.V.1002, in tpropicren<br />

intrd,rii U"C, in profunzirnc 10oC, in<br />

api 9"C.<br />

Uutiditatea I0Oo/o.<br />

Iactorul lrofio. Iiesursele alimcntare sint<br />

sirace chiar il porliunea mai <strong>la</strong>rgd, diu r.ecini,htcs<br />

oxurgcniei, <strong>din</strong> cauza varia{iei debitului<br />

a<strong>pe</strong>i <strong>din</strong> sursul subteian. Ps por'l,iunc.I<br />

limitati, neaco<strong>pe</strong>ritf cu .rpi, iie aduna$c, <strong>la</strong>,<br />

22.V.1962, o mici, crrntitutc de guano arnestecatd<br />

cu nuureroase losturi clin lrrarra liliecilor,<br />

col.$liLuito diu oripi dc flutuli ;i rlc coleoptcrc. -<br />

ln guln pogterii s-e atlund, frunze uscntc.<br />

L'ot rra de ,eoa'tebtatc e$te conccntr.lti<br />

rrumai in prc{rjma intnirii. Dc pc pcrcfii firidelor,<br />

ilin drc.)ptr culsului ;ubtcri.m, s-i! colcc-<br />

Fig. 14. - I,cttcra Gaura Frlnloauri.


30 CONfllllgtII LA STUDIOI/ ptEtElItOIL<br />

DIN &lt(. fU!{EDO:tnA 47<br />

tat i.CV.bacas tctri-cti, l{ete menardi, M. metiaran i Iomourus minor<br />

N'\rlNoprc4l.o<br />

I<br />

tri,balria i Amnobiu nubeculosd, Tfialwcafido,a.<br />

In Uiotopul higropotric : ncmatode, r6ti-teri. <strong>la</strong>rve<br />

.<br />

do <strong>din</strong>tero.<br />

pie-trele<br />

^, _Slb<br />

gi frunzelo de<strong>la</strong> intrans 8-a gnait; Enckylraius buchlwlzi;<br />

gko?dlin! cl',i,:nta, Sp.eleodiscut triorim, Orculi doliolurn, ibid.e lrunent un;,<br />

t4rchLiqrio (L.) ntgiaowis, Acgtpinall,a $itens i Amaillidiuti oarcico<strong>la</strong>i<br />

Wnqua;eriq.tun i Litlnbius (L,l erythrocepthal,ui ach,ul,efi, L, (L,)<br />

t\ Jorlicatus<br />

aoounurn i<br />

ap.;.&goer.$t-<br />

.conocats ) Amautobiat cl,avsarari1/tr, Tegatwia<br />

lPt II eta rnet'i.rnq,e, Clubionidaa; Diplura; Eeteroptera i<br />

gtapkilinii<strong>la</strong>a;<br />

<strong>la</strong>,r\ e de Bimulii,i<strong>la</strong>n-<br />

Pegtera lui Cocolbeo<br />

:..<br />

Sin. <strong>pe</strong>ttero ,,Gouri Li Cocotbeo.<br />

,slo.ic. Ccologul l. chctnrtrn (1032) e c*plorat-o pc o lunglnrc dc,lI rL<br />

Cotrcctar..lc l.rund. I. Tabacaru, gt- llegrea, D. Danctru ,l A. Ncgrca,<br />

2tl.ll.l358, nr. 73, C.I.S.<br />

Datclc ccrceurilot. 1'. O rgtrl d{n, 15.XL1950, pdms cxploraro a ct4ulul luDcrtor;<br />

Val. Putcariu, 29.1V.1053; lu. Dumttr€scu tt J. Trnasachl, 20.VII.1gb6;<br />

ll. Dtrmltrcscu, T, Orglldan, J. TanaEechl ti gt. Avram, 18.V.1902,<br />

nr.063, C.l.S.; T. Or6hidsn, Iu. Dumitrpscu tl lI- ccorg€scrl, 10.XII.1962,<br />

nr. 1276, C,I.S.; T, Orghldan, J. Tanasachl Si ltt. ccorge!cu, 6.tlt.1964, nr.<br />

308, 3o3, t.t03, c,I.s,<br />

Situatd, <strong>la</strong> 2 km NE de satul Ponor, Pegtera lui Cocolbea esto rtrpatl<br />

In calca,re senoniene ln opropiorea conta,ciului lor cu formatiuni mai y:echi<br />

turonietro .Di cenomaniene (M. A. M a m u I e a, 195?). <strong>pe</strong>{tera ss g6se{to<br />

lc, ertrcmitatea do SV& unei falii care taie ds'<strong>la</strong> NE fa SV figia Io dlcare<br />

carc m{,rginsgte Bpre sual crista,linul Muntilor Seben. Ac6ast[ falie<br />

estc paia,lcl6 cu acelea <strong>pe</strong> traiectul cdrora gi-a oroit drum burgul rul-,teran<br />

<strong>din</strong> liuro Marc (Iig. 6).<br />

-- Din.. Pegtem Iui Cocolb€a icse plriul numit gipotul Cocolbci, carc<br />

conJlueazi lo 100 m de curs epigeu<br />

-cu piriul Opiitei gi duni I tm tc<br />

vars{, In apa Obabei, in punctul unde portc* de 6 riestere d6 in drumul<br />

dc lcgdturi <strong>din</strong>t{o satul PoDor gi citurul Ohabn. -<br />

Dcschidcre* <strong>la</strong>,rgI de 4rb nr, ln forml de ogivl l-naltl de 18-20 m,<br />

cs[e orientatd spre vest. Altitu<strong>din</strong>o: 460 m (fig. 16).<br />

. -Peretelo- sudic pl p€tterii Be continud .n s,fari 10 m spre V-Sv rqi<br />

apoi tormcezl un intrind spro suil ln caro sint siDate doui-mici descbi<br />

d-eri p-rin_ ca,rc ics doud pfuliats. Primul vino <strong>din</strong>- aceeagi direciis c& fi<br />

qipotgl-<strong>din</strong>^<strong>pe</strong>6tertr, iar al aloil€a <strong>din</strong>8pre suil, probabil <strong>din</strong> i6iuga ipropiaid,<br />

a pldului Opritei.<br />

. . Po-rteo cxplorabill a, P€qterii lui Cocolbca s6 poote lmp5rti ln trci<br />

unitifi dcosebite (fig. 16) : A, guletia iuferioarE, ln iriro cursui actual egte<br />

Jr-crn<strong>la</strong>nont; 4, frt-o"iq cursului ectusl intermitetrt ce alcltuicgte otajul 1<br />

a,l Dc$torii, situat b 6,70 m dooguprlr primei qelorii gi C. ealcria uicrrtl<br />

a vcchiului curs de apl, situatd cu1 m deasupia eta,jului 1.-


:ll CONTBIAIIIII I,A S'rUDIIII, TESTEATT,OB DIN *EG. TI('IIXI}OAR,{<br />

Galeria in-tcrioari, prin caro se p[hunde ln pcqter6, esto dezvoltati<br />

in lungul unci diac<strong>la</strong>zc tleschise ln ali.rectia trl-V, carc pd,streazi, cu mici<br />

ncregdlrriteii, inir,$imea ale 18-20 m, Iritimea galeriei yadaz!, lntre 3<br />

ti 7 m pini, <strong>la</strong>, distarta tle 45 m ale <strong>la</strong> intm,re, unde ajungo ale 10 m.<br />

Accasti, li,rgire a ei se gtrseqte in locul do intcrsecfio a diao<strong>la</strong>zei principale<br />

Itr-V cu a doua o entati IIND-YSY.<br />

1rI fqndu] ga,leriei s-a format un <strong>la</strong>c I.,/, cu contur tra<strong>pe</strong>zoidal, lung<br />

(lc 10 n, cu li,f,imea maximd, de 4 m qi atllnc ale 5 m. Pe marginea, nordici,<br />

a, <strong>la</strong>cului se poate trece <strong>pe</strong> uu rest ale p<strong>la</strong>nqeq ingqst (50-70 cm)<br />

pini, in oxtlcrnital,ca estici a lui, unde so gi,se,ll,e o cascadd lnalt5, dc<br />

{i,70 nl, a.l circi zgomot sc a,udo diD. a,Iara <strong>pe</strong>qtcrii. Aceasti cascad[ tlisparo<br />

in timpul iernii, pcntru a reapd,r'ea tlin nou o t<strong>la</strong>ti cu topirca z[<strong>pe</strong>zii.<br />

lilcctuind cercsti,ri ln ficcaro anotimp, am ayut posibilital,e& si facem<br />

obscrw.l{ii tusupra tr)i,rlii explorabile a cursu]ui subteran dirr I'e$tera, lui<br />

Cocoll)eir, rtrmlnircl sd, stabilim <strong>pe</strong> vii{ror qi originea, accsbui cum subteran.<br />

In colc doui dcp<strong>la</strong>,sdri dc inceput gi sltrqit tlo iarM, (10.X[.1902<br />

ti 0.11L11r04) rr l)trl,uti Ii cxplou,t cta,jul culJului acl,ual illtor.milcnt. Ira,<br />

l)r'ima dcp<strong>la</strong>sa,rc s-a carl,at li s-au l6cut primele obsorva,tii, i&r'irr ce&<br />

dc-a aloua, au Iost efectuato colori,r'i cu fluoresceild,.<br />

lixplorarca accutui el,aj su<strong>pe</strong>rior sc face prin insta<strong>la</strong>rca ulei sciri do<br />

fnnic pc pcrctclc pc ca,rc, ln timpul verii, curge cascu,a<strong>la</strong>. Accastd, insta<strong>la</strong>rc<br />

$c <strong>la</strong>cc urcind iu prcalnbil pc o scali, de lemn r1o 3 m, care trcbuic {ixati<br />

le rnicul p<strong>la</strong>uicu dc <strong>pe</strong> margirea <strong>la</strong>culqi. Dupi,- esca<strong>la</strong>r<strong>la</strong>rea <strong>pe</strong>retclui<br />

:rl)roirp(j vcrtical se pi,trunrlc ln galeria care pi,streaz' aceeagi direciic cu a<br />

g|lorioi inferioalc, Iiind dezvoltatii <strong>pe</strong> accca,ti diac<strong>la</strong>zl. Pc pra;;ul de comunicrrc<br />

<strong>din</strong>tlc colo doud, galerii, ini,{imea dia,o<strong>la</strong>zci esto dc aproximativ<br />

.1, ttr, -Pc iraicctul aceslui el,aj ds 85 m lungimc, prin care aproa<strong>pe</strong> 6 luui<br />

p(] aD curgc api,, sc intilnesc spatii mai <strong>la</strong>rgi, comuniciud lntre e1o pliu<br />

gituiri cu praguli. Majoritatca porliunilor ld,rgitc reprezintl bazine si,pato<br />

prin. a,cliunca apci lmpreuni cu matcrialul c<strong>la</strong>siic ruDt fi altre[at do<br />

lt ciuunea curenlulur.<br />

Gllleiia, cste ascendcnti,, fiecale bazin gd,sinilu-so <strong>la</strong> un [i1'e1 supcrior<br />

colui prcccdcut. Primele doui, bazinc erau a,proa<strong>pe</strong> uscate, aviud <strong>pe</strong> {undul<br />

lor blocuri de difcrite rlirnensiuni ; cele<strong>la</strong>lte 4 (c, d, e, I) e<strong>la</strong>u plire cu api<br />

pini, <strong>la</strong> o adiDcine de 1,60-2 m. SIlita, F are poilea,ua de ca,lcar qlefuiti<br />

|i sculptatd, priD actiuuca apci. Intima, pafto a galedei (g) este aco<strong>pe</strong>ritd,<br />

cu:rrgil[, carc era umed5, ti clunecoa,si <strong>la</strong> 10.XII.1062 qi complet uscati<br />

Lr 0.Irl.19ti4. Tot <strong>la</strong> prima dcp<strong>la</strong>saro do iarnd,, <strong>pe</strong> argild se g[scau mici<br />

tlcproiuni cu api, pufin acliucd, care


Fig. 16. - Pettem lui Cocolbea.


{oNltal|}UTII r,,\ sTUt)t0L tDg<strong>la</strong>lillota DrN linc,<br />

UNt'l)o]|I|<br />

sc dcduce alin fapl,ul ci, <strong>pe</strong> pcratii ca,merei <strong>la</strong>cului se vdd rlepuneri de argili<br />

pind, -deasupra<br />

podelei galcriei. Ciud asest nive-l ajunge <strong>la</strong> rnaxirnum,<br />

prir4tva,ra $ va,ra, apa se rovarsd, in galerie qi dilt acest moment ap&ro<br />

cuscado.<br />

Doui problcrnc sc puneau ale <strong>la</strong> inceput.<br />

1. llo urrdc linc a,pa ln <strong>la</strong>cul <strong>din</strong> ctajul iuforior iu tirnprrl icr:rii g<br />

Accasti, lntrobaro sc punca, cu atit mai mult cu cit, <strong>pe</strong> do o parte, nivclul<br />

lni rimile coDstant,-iar <strong>pe</strong> de alta o quvifd, tle:ipi se scurgc iontinuu<br />

<strong>din</strong> cl <strong>pe</strong> galeria de <strong>la</strong> intrare,<br />

2. Car() cittc originea a<strong>pe</strong>i djn Iacul etajului su<strong>pe</strong>lior ?<br />

La I)dm& dep<strong>la</strong>sa,re s-a presupus ctr, acest <strong>la</strong>c este un silon fu legilur5,<br />

5i c,u <strong>la</strong>cul g.r,leriei inferioare.<br />

.['cntru r contro<strong>la</strong>, ace{rittr, DresuDunere. <strong>la</strong> 0,I[.1064 a foslr cfectuatii,<br />

o it donru dep<strong>la</strong>sare, cind s-a folosi0 colorareir, cu fluoresccini. Turrfndn-$c<br />

1 lig rle colorar1t, fi,rd, amoniac, ln <strong>la</strong>cul galeriei su<strong>pe</strong>rioare, s-& consta,tat<br />

urr fa,pt rlea,fteptat. Dupr, cel mult jumitate tle o16, apa care ieqea <strong>din</strong><br />

lloiilerii olir, int,cns cololilti in vcrdc, insi numli ln drcptul izvomhri (i)<br />

dilr l)crctclc lordic, <strong>la</strong> 20 m dc iut.r.a,re. Lacul dil Iunriui r.<strong>la</strong>jului irLlclioi<br />

riniscsc necolorDt; ca Si pi,tum de api ce sc scurgc <strong>pe</strong> podiaua <strong>pe</strong>lterii<br />

do <strong>la</strong> <strong>la</strong>c Pini, ir punctul apar.iiiei izvomlui delingi intrarc. Dupi, doui zite,<br />

rcvcnindu-se <strong>la</strong> pc,5tcr{,, s-a obscrvat lnsi cd gi aptr <strong>din</strong> <strong>la</strong>c incepuse sL ia<br />

o s<strong>la</strong>bi nuanl,i velzuie. I:acul su<strong>pe</strong>rior, ln caro s-a turuat lluolescoiua,<br />

cste ileci ir legi,turf, printr-un tunel de presiune, cu galeria infelioari,.<br />

Apa carc vinc prin aocst tunol iese sub formd tlo izvor dcsl,ul de putcrnic<br />

in irplopicrc intri,r'ii (fig. 16, i), ln acc<strong>la</strong> l,imp mai cxi$d, ti o comuoicaro<br />

Nl.rti dil'ccti intrc ccle rloud, <strong>la</strong>curi.<br />

ln concluzie, cursul subteran <strong>din</strong> Gaura lui Cocolbea pitrundo In<br />

<strong>pe</strong>.1teri, printr-un sifon ce formeazi, <strong>la</strong>cnl su<strong>pe</strong>rior. ln <strong>pe</strong>rrnanenfd, a,cest<br />

<strong>la</strong>c cste dremt spre extelior prin piriiaqul (i) diu apropierea cxurgentei<br />

Di, probabil, ln mai mic5, cartitate in <strong>la</strong>,cul inferior 1.,,. In tirnpul vcrii<br />

nivelul su<strong>pe</strong>rior creqte fi, lmpreund, cu apa ce vine piin D + D, fli D,<br />

constituis culsul intermiten.t al etajului su<strong>pe</strong>rior cc formeazd cascad&.<br />

Sint€m convinSi ci <strong>la</strong>cul inlerior mai este alimentat tn afar5, dc <strong>la</strong>oul<br />

sifon I/2 $i tlo apa unui :r,lt plrlu subteran care mentino dcbitul pcrmanenl,<br />

.al qurritei de ap5, ce-i dreneazi supraplinul. Prcsupuncm, pinl <strong>la</strong> noi datic,<br />

cd, a,pa ce alimentoazd, qipotul lui Cocolbea provine <strong>din</strong> releaua dc a<strong>pe</strong> srrhterane<br />

<strong>pe</strong>lmanente ce-gi au originea <strong>la</strong> contactul calc.aralor cu ,lisLurilc<br />

cri$talinc, <strong>pe</strong> de o parte, Sj dir apa ale inJiltratio interrniteirtd,, pc de olta.<br />

Caleria ctajului II este un vechi curs de api pirisit, in clro s-a<br />

ingri,mSdit o mare cantitate de material c<strong>la</strong>stic. Da ests dezvolttltii in<br />

lungul unei diac<strong>la</strong>ze cu directie END-VSY. Ca s5, ajungi ir er, ur.ci rrl<br />

prug do ? m tlin <strong>pe</strong>retele nordic al ga,leriei in{erioare, tlupi care ucu;ul<br />

alevine imposibil tlin cauza blocur.ilor prdvilite.<br />

Obscuritalc tolnld aumai in galeiiile etajului I li Il.<br />

Temlteral,ura <strong>la</strong> 8,V.1962 : <strong>la</strong> intrare 17'C in aei', 8"C in apd,; in funrlul<br />

galeriei inlerioare 10oC in aer, 8"C ln apa <strong>la</strong>cului. La 10.XI1.1962: <strong>la</strong><br />

intrue 0"C ln aer, 2'C in apd ; ln fundul galeriei 0'C in aer fli 5'C in<br />

apa <strong>la</strong>cului. La iahr,rea in galcria otajului<br />

I, l'C in aer, <strong>la</strong> bazinul c 3'C<br />

qi <strong>la</strong> f 6'C; ln fundul galeriei 11'C, ln apa bazinaqului <strong>din</strong> sa<strong>la</strong> cu argili<br />

s 0"c.


DIARQTIIi'iTA DOiIIAI|ESC! !i COT,AB.<br />

Faatoru.l trofic. Resurse alimentarc sirnce.<br />

Zlora. ln ddpll,sirrilc do iarnd,, cinil s-a pitruns in etajul I al <strong>pe</strong>qtcrii<br />

s-a, observat cii leretii qi p<strong>la</strong>lonul carnerei Il erau iD. mlr,re parte aco<strong>pe</strong>rili<br />

cu o biorlermi galbcn-rqginie. Desprinzind.u-so <strong>la</strong> 6,IU.1964 doqi lnme<br />

diu p<strong>la</strong>fon acopcritc cu acea,sti, biodermi, 6i trimise <strong>la</strong> $<strong>pe</strong>ciali$tii bot&nittit<br />

s-a prccizat ci ca estc aonstituiti, ilin licltcui .;i bacberii. Motcri&lul cctc<br />

ln curs dc dctcrurinarc. Atrsgcul .ltentia cii lturctul <strong>din</strong> 1rc$teri undc sc<br />

gLscsc lichcuii csto in obscqritatc complcti.<br />

.l<strong>la</strong>una d,e tucDerl,cbr&tc, dcstul de sd,mci, replezentati, <strong>pe</strong> ltelcfii g. c-<br />

lici intcriorUrc l)rin , Dictllne sp-, Age[.ena si,nilis; Mata mcnardi, .][. tucriana.a,<br />

' Torrh,onttta conac$un1,; C ttltt; pipiant, Hel,onyza, serrafut^<br />

lu grlcliir, cl,&jului I;-a gi,sitl<strong>pe</strong> podea: Iridari,cia bisetosai I)i1ttoccj)h,aLus<br />

lol,if r r,\ 1 Dumeus cl,ar:i11era 1 Coll,ambol'a; Epipsocus luciJugtr's,<br />

Lcsleta ,LonLi,colq,, Atlrctq, lxetlotd,) \nliatoptera, Atltcl,tt $p.t Aton<strong>la</strong>riu sp. I<br />

Xitlitinca Jusciytu,nalel,l,a ; Ecl,onyza bmalLllptertuT, nemi),tocere. Pe <strong>pe</strong>rcfi :<br />

lfekt, tntrianaa 1 E cctisoptety ginae ; Scol,ioptcr y c libah'i.r, Ttipltosu rsnbaudiolo,.<br />

in nictt baziu cu apl <strong>din</strong> cxtrcDrilm,tea argilonsi, t grulcticis-au gisit<br />

nrri trrulii intlivizi rle Niplmrgus Lonlicaudalus n<strong>la</strong>rintts. ln cLep<strong>la</strong>sarea rle<br />

l.r, 6,III.1964, bazinul era conplet $ecat, iar uifargii 8c a,dipoNtisclii in<br />

cripitturilo argilei.<br />

Ch,iroptere. S<strong>pe</strong>ciile iut nitc in aceastd galerie iiint:. Rkiu'ol'opkus<br />

farrtt nequittamt , Llh. kipTtosid'eros, M!loli.\'DLyotis (par'tzitat dc Nycl'eribia<br />

rcnata), \\i Plecotus awtriq'c\ls.<br />

I,'lorft dc <strong>la</strong>, crurgculid, i GIttLn'o$tonM)L calcurcu L Si P<strong>la</strong>rliolkccirtrrt' sp.<br />

I;r,rna tnpiclicoli, dil] r-ccirlita,tex cxurgculci : 7'tidcrit'i0 ltul'br,ttsu,<br />

Dattlrobaena, ru,bitl,a i S<strong>pe</strong>leodisa&s trieria, Acicda (P-) oltctt.icrr" Zoniloid'es<br />

ttdtid,us, Oru,ta tlol,i,ol,tr,ur,, Laciniaria Ttlicatu, Codt'tod'itw <strong>la</strong>uind'<strong>la</strong>i Asco'<br />

sparl,Lol)llora, ; Iulid,ae ; Litlt'obiu's (L.) Jof ica'trl's ; Ckthott'iut (D-) letrackc<strong>la</strong>tus,<br />

Naobishr,n, carpaticunu 1 Bcotol,e n'ops d,aaiaus, Ee mastotna sp., Gyus aruttt-<br />

Latus, Egaenu,s con<strong>pe</strong>&u8; Dysd,ara s1t., Cllb.eeus I'el'riaut, Tcllctmtia siLaes'<br />

tris, lleta rclictLl&te, Laptllyphq 'tes l,eltrostr's, Li*ypkia hortcusis, I)ipl'tt'<br />

acplrat&s tratif]o,ts, Cl,ubiott'id,ac, Sal'ticittruc; 1'ett'&d,otttholrlnra bieualeusi's,<br />

Oitych,i,u,rus ibclDpap;Lq,Ius, Isoton uru,s palu,tttis, Orahevi<strong>la</strong> l)otttice, Lcpi'<br />

al.ocy,'ttls ?aradolus, Ionocetus f<strong>la</strong>tescens, T. 'ttti'nor, Dicllttorrm nt,irlu<strong>la</strong>' i<br />

Iso2c - a sp., Leuctt'q, rigrei Ptyckorfit<strong>la</strong>e, I ip uli'd,ae, f,Iuscit<strong>la</strong>e.<br />

Fauna Litoc<strong>la</strong>,zici, tlin vecin[tate.l exulgenf'ei:. Aoa uai Gymrto'<br />

dnnrats famoralus i Orcltcsetrl,o, cqrpalica, LeTtidocyrtus 1)uradoau'v i TILIIsano?tera<br />

I Col,eoptel a.<br />

Petterq,,Gqurq Oprilei"<br />

Sin. Pestero ,,Gouro Fetei"<br />

Colec<strong>la</strong>rc dc faorrt. I. Tabrcatu, $t.<br />

2s.I1.1c56, nr. 168, C.LS.<br />

DaLle cctceltuilor- lI. D u mi tr c s c,u<br />

C.I.S.; lI. Dulnitrpscrl, J. Tanasachi,<br />

196J, rrr, 2C4, 205, 1d62, C.I.S.<br />

Negrca, D. Danciu ti.\. Ncgrca,<br />

Si J. Tan asachi. 20.V1L1956, nr. 58'<br />

lU..Georgesc.q +i it. Avranr, s.XI.


(NfNLTBT'TIT IAA ATUDIUL PE$IANU.oN DIl. IIEG, ET'T{I X)AN<br />

.. I,re 150 m SV de?egtera lui Cocolbea se gdseqte <strong>pe</strong>qtera Gaura Opr.ifci,<br />

siplti- ln ?erctcle calcaros alin dreapta plrlului Opritei, afluent stlng ai<br />

$ipotului lui Cocolbea,.<br />

Deschiderea <strong>pe</strong>gterii, <strong>la</strong>rgd fi ln&lt[ tle 1m, €6tc orientati, spro Y-SY<br />

Si so gIscgte <strong>la</strong> ii rn deasupra albici pirlului. Pegtera reprezintI, un vochi<br />

canal eub presiune lung dc :J0 nr {i tclDrinat cu urr aven adlnc do 6 m.<br />

Li} 1 m cle avcn pcretolc <strong>pe</strong>fterii comunici cu exteriorul printr-o rnicd<br />

fcrealiha (fig. f?). Mofologia <strong>pe</strong>qterii nc ar.oti ci ea a fost sipatl do apl<br />

Iig. l;. - Pettera C$url Oprilci (sc. 1: 250).<br />

Dil'iului cinal albia acestui:! se gd,sea <strong>la</strong>, lntrllimea gurii ei, iar avenul <strong>din</strong><br />

por(iunet terminal5, jndicd locul Bourgerii a<strong>pe</strong>i ln refeaua subterand.<br />

In unclc Duncte dc <strong>pe</strong> traieotul leDtorii so gd,neBciter/a concreiiuni grosieJc,<br />

Do clr.re se prelin€J picdturi de aptr. Podeaua, este aco<strong>pe</strong>rit[ cu fragmcuto<br />

do culcur dc diferito dimenxiuDi.<br />

Lum.ina dilttzd, lD toa,td <strong>pe</strong>{tero.<br />

'Ictnpu'aturq, <strong>la</strong>, 20.\rII.1956 in aer dali 24"C, in pc$tetl 14'C, Do<br />

podc& 13'C, ls 5.XL1963 in ael afald 1?'C, in <strong>pe</strong>ft€r'd 12"C, ps podea 11"C.<br />

Aniditttc gElo.<br />

Curerd .lc aer .Je 7L gurd spre fcrea$tri.<br />

.l'.tclom,l, lrofic. Rcsur6e ltimentare slob reprezeDtate prln clotc do<br />

vullri qi rnustcliile, numcroase elitrc do coleoptcre, alipi de fluturi qi puf,in<br />

dctritu$ vcgctttl.<br />

tr'auuu de eoet'Lebrule. Pat'iet ltr,: Mc<strong>la</strong> ntenardi,, M. ntefianae, Neslicxts<br />

lruteorrun, Tlrcri,diosouta sp.i Linnobia u,ubeculosa, Daechio utagnicuuda,<br />

?tych,oda ctrttitrca, Culi,cidua.<br />

Lr! b.rza, polctilor qi sub pietlolo do po podea: Isopoda; IuLidae i<br />

Gct4tkil.it<strong>la</strong>a i Clttltonius lerutlr,i i Agelena Ep., Coel,otesp., Orclnecl<strong>la</strong> pontica<br />

i llpipsocus Lucifugut i Col,co?tara.<br />

1/ crtebrule. Citcr& exemp<strong>la</strong>rc de nhinolo?hus Iert'untequi, un.


llllR(;A<strong>la</strong>lial Dtli\lt |risfv 3l col]\D,<br />

Frt tturt, h,piclicold, clin juml ir\Lt*tii . Acl,aate sp. i Orunl,a dol,iol,ur*,<br />

Abida .fntntentunt, Laciniariu (5.) aelustq, sl,riol,a<strong>la</strong>, Codrl,od,i,n,a Lantir<strong>la</strong>lb;<br />

PoLyrcturr.t tagur'u,s; Litltobius sp,t Ch,th,ulilt$ hctarod&ctrytus;<br />

'I'cgcnuria sil,-<br />

uslri$, l],obctlus sD-, LapNhltphaut($ Laproslls, Lycrltid,ue, Acarina; Orchcscllu<br />

Polttica, Cltpllodat' .s albin&6; ]Icluopta'a; Col,cupteta i Dipto'a.<br />

Fauna litoc<strong>la</strong>zicd <strong>din</strong> jurul inl;rrrtii:. Ch,onrbiua clicnta, 8?el.co&iscus<br />

b'iari.a i Isopode; Litkobi.u.s (L-l fotfirulrc, L. ()t.) oas$,pw i Dytdua sp.,<br />

Clu,b iott id,ac ; Ggnt,trodameus fclvoratut, Phd,ul,l,opl,i,a lucorum 1 Lc1rifunyrl,ut<br />

pat'o,tloau,s, L. sp., Totttoccrus oul,gari,s, OrcltasalLa syt.<br />

Pegtero <strong>din</strong> Bordul More<br />

,lsloric. L l<strong>la</strong>l<strong>la</strong>riz (1C18), ll. noika ti I. lI:rllrsz (1923 lU2l), lI. Ro$ka<br />

rsi lI. XloldovcaDu (1925) ti Il. Rotkr (1027). Snpirturl urlrcologicc ln gu|n po$lc i<br />

si colcctrrc (lc r)nlc rl.<br />

l'lluril. xlu ifictllc. i\luslcrirrr, rrigrlrrcllrn irt(aior, colilic, ctrrolilir, flluvirl sup(r-<br />

Iicial cr rcsluri .ont:rnc,<br />

ihDrilcrc tosilc dcLcrnriDrlc : L'rsas stcld.rs noscDnr., C./ris fur,us $I.<strong>la</strong>crs Coldt.,<br />

-Ir.lis .drus tclu,?: Er\lclrcrn, IIuocana sp.luea Goldl., .atun$ cdrolfus i,ssilis 1,.,Illtinocet s<br />

lr'clrorlririxs Blurncnb.rch.<br />

Ilrtefial trlcorlLologic dctcrniuaL (I. 6 n e I 1921t, \9.1:l) | Ilonto ltirnilcrir:' Schw\lbc<br />

(ral.rngc), t'.Ixs $pdl(.as llosclnr., Ilwcn atorrttt \'xr. s/)rkrrd GoklI., (j.xris lr/rxs sf.l.rdus<br />

Gol(tt., ltrlt,$ nrt. c.x.&rr.r BcdNl.., l"lis lco v$. st.l,,?ir Gol'|I., I/{r/.s f. rliluri(lis llrrlr$ 1,.<br />

,sxs sc.r,/.r 1,.t. fr,..'rxdrien.rsis, Itos (pri'rigcnim Boj.?r, ,ri$or |ri.r.t$ Boj. I. rtin,ati. cnsis,<br />

Saile <strong>la</strong><strong>la</strong>ric( 1,.t. dihu'iali:t, llteicav( rupicapra L.I. dihtuialis, C'(t rd sc{,c.I;ori i\lcnzl. I.<br />

.Iiluuialus, nansilct orcli.us ltich. t. ocnn(.icncnsir, ,,<strong>la</strong>ccs c.L rn(c/'ili$, Oa. L tocin'( cn.nsiJ,<br />

CcrDus c<strong>la</strong>phus L.t. ocin(fidncnsis, Ilcgacctus ltigunlus Llb., ,li.ru s c.f. lcrus I'all., liquus beli<br />

ADton, lj./ufrs on.rgff lJriss t. difuuialis, lihi]lo.cros unliqrtik is l. r,ctxd.icncr$ix, Lbphas ltri-<br />

,ritcntus Dlb. l- ucinuric^c',Jis.<br />

C. S. h*ico<strong>la</strong>csc|| Plop$or $i colcctivrl (1055-1051r) roi:r snpirturilc' cxtirF<br />

zirdulc ir prorurziuc ri In stprnr:tir-t. Din p rrct dr \cdurc stfttigratio puno lu evidctr<strong>la</strong>l<br />

4 priLud nrustcricrrc scpat.ttc prin straluri slcrilc.<br />

Cirrbunii {lill.((lK,h nrusk'r'irlrlui lll stu(lirli d. lt. l'o I o v i c i (Sil,nD(lcuDt$trcazil<br />

Intirrdcrca piidurilor de co|lifcrc pitrt] h lti{tlul p$tcrii.<br />

ln stratul acturl dc Ia supr.rtali s-au girsit rlumeroNo fragtntntc tlc ccranllci cc aparlin<br />

cultu lor: Crit, Colofcni 9i Dacicn.<br />

.F(llna citdld in af$a cclci cunoscutc antcrior: Cllnis oltlf)cr fosrifis ti ,jqrr.lt os,nxs.<br />

Dalclc.crcclntilor. IL Dunritrcscu ti T. Orghidan, 22.I.105,1; lL Dumi-<br />

Lrcscn, J. Tnnirsnchl $i nl. Gcorgescu, 30.X.1064, tu.:170,371, 1554, C.r.S.;<br />

'l'. Orghidan, nl. Du lnltrcscu ti nL Gcorgcscu, 2?.x.1905, rr.4:j0, C.I.S.<br />

Pcstcn <strong>din</strong> 1]ordul i\Iare cstrc situati, in cr{jrsta albulis dc ca,lctr<br />

titonic uuDritil Bordul i!I&rc, ct]r'o dominii cclc dond vi.i, Luuct Olur,bci ll<br />

vcst $i Ziryoilia scrcl <strong>la</strong> est. Distrnlift <strong>din</strong> $:!Lul I'onor pittl Lr <strong>pe</strong>'1tcti<br />

estc rlo iUrloximrtir. :i,5 lim. L& pctt'cri, se rjuugc pi,rd,sind alrumul tlintro<br />

I'ouor Si cl-rlunril Olrrtbrt in dtcptttl $colii, colltitlttinduJ Lu dlcrtp<strong>la</strong> pc<br />

1lotecrr, dc <strong>pe</strong> nahrl $ipotului Cocolbci plni, ltr, Oh*ba mici qi rrrciutl apoi<br />

?c corsti, piuit, lu' crclstr ,,Borihtl l\Ilrc". ,{ltitrn<strong>din</strong>e, 605 In.<br />

Dcschialere{r Dc$torii e,ste orientat{i sp}e sud (Iig. 18).5i in ut'ma sipiturilol<br />

arhcologice a, cipita,t o forni dc ciupclci i<strong>la</strong>ll,d de 4 m ti <strong>la</strong>rgi


( 0NIIlOiU',tII L,\ STUDiOI pfiSI[ItILOlt DIN |lDc. nUNtit)O^lt^<br />

l:r, lftzii dc 2 Dt. l,cftclr, csl,c a,lc[1,uift-1, <strong>din</strong>tr-o sal[ de 22 m lungime qi cu<br />

lii(imr:r nrrximi dc 1J m. iu coltid sud-cstic sa<strong>la</strong> se corrl,ilui, ctiun cotlon<br />

ill ,lli }!. inccput do 0,5 rn, prirr carc so pootc pS,trunrle po o disl,ilnii<br />

de 5 m sPo est (iig. 10). I'oalc.uu silii estc alciituiti, d,iu ttcpozitc de urnplirt<br />

ruil, il c rc s-u,u fi(lul, siipiul,ur.i ropcLnl,c dc :n'hcologi, Suprlrtt{,a, urulrlutru'ii<br />

osto rwopcril.ii, in lrarc pruLc cu fr.ilgmoute dc cirlciu dcspr.ilso-<strong>din</strong><br />

ll!r'irn loconl sillr sr"oil,so <strong>din</strong> sd.rtiil,uri.<br />

'l'ir,vrr,uul<br />

lrlczintii uunrcroisc scobitur.i, srrpr.lr.fel.c nctcdc ti tisuri clre<br />

s(. irrl,rcliriu in toirtc dircctiilc. In cilcvn lu cte sc vld rrrici horuuri i_n<br />

t'. . 1<br />

!-<br />

lii{. ls. * Yr(lurc .suprA i lririkr<br />

Deftrritor di|l l]or(lul nrrre.<br />

frlrrra rlc pillii, iru sllc inl,r&r'c taya,uul estc ncopcrit cu o lliodcnrrir, de<br />

r.rrlrrrrr. rcxlc irn llis. llr sci! ntui ul&ro l)irr.l,c tavl.xuI csl(.colunll irr tcrrrr,rirr<br />

cll <strong>pe</strong>lc rnilri bmne mir,i Dlcs in poriiuuql, de cst, ca r.czull&t irl all,crrl.iilor.<br />

quL irlrrlrri Ir'irr irrr I r'ogr:-r,(.ii fclrrgirrolse ,fi ma,ngiruo&sc.<br />

ftr Irrnrlul pclf,cr.ii, llc tuval se gd,scsc proominenlje sitrll)lo s&rr gulpal,e,<br />

:ttiop()lil,o cu nroolimilch nmcd qi moale sau iDli,rit 6i zg|unfruos. Uuridittrl,c&<br />

clcs(xrtiu in rlcctisl,ii portiunc a potterii sc rnirnilcstir, ])r'it] pior'l,tnrrile<br />

rlo l,pir cc crrd ttiu <strong>la</strong>v*rr {i l)rin supri-ufcl,clc higro;rcllicc u,cuDr:r.ile dc r.r<br />

biodenli'r, inliurlocirti, cftre lo drltcle ccr.cotiirilor lloa.slrc cr.n,u uscal,c.<br />

I?olcfii sill |l,coporili ou orusti do cal(1it,i nnn i iu exti.cmitlr,l,cn trortlici-u,<br />

uudc sc giisosc scurgsri p&rict&lc rntsivc carc sc coltiuud, in tlcDtc<br />

pinir, lir, Ilirnrscrr.- f)cas[Dr{r, scurgcrii plit(lipale sc gisqlq un cotlou ingusl,<br />

cr,rc lcprezintii looul qulrrliziilii tlpci do inliltrrriic; &zi cstc lrproaDo oomplc0<br />

colml,tiilli. $<strong>pe</strong>ctul rctulll cl &ccstci porliiuni str<strong>la</strong>gurit&l,c ti'lrdalzi,<br />

vechiul loo do piitrunttcrc a, ilpci cu,ro o sip.r0 inil,i l <strong>pe</strong>{1,cru.


MAnOABttA<br />

DUr\ttTliESCU lr COL]\A.<br />

Continua,rea <strong>pe</strong>5tcrii prin cotlonul sual'estis (a) ar a,r6ta un a,l doilea<br />

drum al oDci s]rrs extetior lrin intermciliul <strong>pe</strong>iterii mici' a$a cum sc<br />

noatc vcrlci <strong>din</strong>^schit6. Azi inid au 8s mai poDte vorbi ile o lcglturi lntre<br />

iclc dou5, pcqtcri, pciolii <strong>din</strong> b qi c fiiad ful lntrogimo colmu,tDli.<br />

.-,ii<br />

i'..i<br />

l)<br />

| ..60<br />

Jt o<br />

'",<br />

|<br />

r@j<br />

/a<br />

ll<br />

, i, I<br />

'lt<br />

I<br />

*ffi*<br />

Ft8. 19. - Pcttcrlle <strong>din</strong> Bordul lluc.<br />

Lrl"trritro l[t26, piul i4 furdul <strong>pe</strong>ll,crii.<br />

Ternpq'strw'a aendai. 7n fundul silii, <strong>la</strong> 99.I.1054 6"C' <strong>la</strong> 90.X.100.tr<br />

9"C, <strong>la</strong> 9?.X,106519"C.<br />

Antidi,<strong>la</strong>tca atrrocfedcd estc ln funcfie clircct tle vlriuliilc climDtico<br />

ale rcgiuDii.<br />

Iedon tt'ofia. Iiesurse a,linenta,r'e sil'ace, rcprezcntttc prin flunzo<br />

rlse'rte fur a,propierel intli,rii 6i tlin dcjccfii de mustelide Ei alctlitus Ycgotal<br />

fur restul })cftcrii.<br />

Ia a dc ,t1a)efieb,'are. De pc pcreti s-a ttluutl; t )Ieta manat'cli' Bcol'io-<br />

?tclVs li,babia, Iriplrcw sabaudiata 6i numcroaso Crclicidac.


CONIRII}UTII<br />

LA STUDII'f, PUETIIN,IINIL DIN ltEO. EINDDO.AIiA<br />

Do sub pietro Si <strong>din</strong> tletritus yegetal Si a,nlmal: Armad,ill,iilium sp.;<br />

Li.tkobius (M.) burzan<strong>la</strong>nd,i,cus burzeq,l,uld,icus 1 Neobdsdum bl,otkroi.d,es,<br />

Ilkoncus sp.i Lepthyplrantas Laprosut, Drassoitres tp.' Acardna.z Lepirl,ocyrtus<br />

serbicus, Tomocerus tul,garis.<br />

tr'auna c<strong>la</strong> oafiabrs,te. Resturi scheletico tle roz5,toaro : Gtis gtris, Spa<strong>la</strong>x<br />

Le codon (h,uugo"tictr,s trransy<strong>la</strong>anicusJ, Cri,aatus aricetus, tlpod,ernus f<strong>la</strong>aicolit,<br />

Ansi,col,a <strong>la</strong>"resl,ri,s. Inscctivore : Efi,naceus europa,als.<br />

Nu am gd,sit chiroptere qi nici resturi schelstice alo acestor mamifere.<br />

Pe;tero Micd <strong>din</strong> Bordul Mqre<br />

.Isloric. N. Rotkx (1925, p.407), €arc scmnal€azl cxisten<strong>la</strong> irtrlrit acestci <strong>pe</strong>steri ti<br />

C. S. Nico<strong>la</strong> es cu - Plop $or (1959, p.41-42)considu, Pcstera a<br />

Pqtcrii <strong>din</strong> Bordnl X<strong>la</strong>rc<br />

Dda ccrccLl.ii I T. OrgllidiD, lI. Dumltrcsc( ti [L Gcorgcscu <strong>la</strong> 27.X.<br />

1!,$:-), nr. 1i,5.1, C.l.S.<br />

Intrarea, orient&ti tot q)re sud, lna,lld alc 1,30 m ,li <strong>la</strong>.rgd, tle 2 m, se<br />

gi,sc$ta Ia 12 n est alo inl,ralca ?efll,erii alin Bordul M.!ro fi cu 1,5 m mai jos<br />

de pa,tul acostcia. Pegtcra, lungi, tle 12 m 6i cu lnLifimea lntre 0,30 rri 1,30 m,<br />

nro poll,iunel tcrminal[ sta,<strong>la</strong>gmitati Ei umedb (fig. 19). Podeaua este<br />

aco<strong>pe</strong>riti cu fragmente do calcar de diferite dimcnsiuni, iar <strong>la</strong> intrarc ii cn<br />

dctritus vegetrl. Peretelc estic el vestibulului este aco<strong>pe</strong>rit cu bioalermd,<br />

(lc crrloalo veldc cale sc intinde gi pc tavan, &colo unde coboari, <strong>la</strong> 30 cm.<br />

Col,lonul b de lingi, intraro, ca Di poriiunea terminali, c, sint complet colmatate<br />

prin scur€eri palistale. Acest fapt demonsh€azd, c5, legi,tura, probabili<br />

in trecut, intrc celc doud pcgteri este ale mult timp inchist.<br />

Dcqi lurrgimea <strong>pe</strong>qterii cste mici, l,otuqi, il&l,oriti coborilii podelei<br />

iur<strong>la</strong>tl dupir, int<strong>la</strong>rc qi ld,sirii ta,vanului plnd <strong>la</strong> 0,30 rn tlo podea, luminn<br />

nu pitrurde pini, in profuuzi;rre.<br />

l'entpo tr,lut'a acrului <strong>la</strong> data, cxlrlorErii cra, ale 1?"C <strong>la</strong> intrare Ei 14"C<br />

il] fuDdul <strong>pe</strong>$tcrii.<br />

IJ ,,Lit],itut ca, cccul-uat', 90% in po]tiulea, Irofunili, sta<strong>la</strong>gmite{d,.<br />

In nioi un lunct al pcriterii nu sc simte curelt tls aer care s[ rlovcdcasci,<br />

cxi$tert& rrnei comurici,r'i.<br />

ltaalorul, troJi.c. Iiesursele alimenta,]c reprezentat'e prin detritug<br />

vecctal.<br />

7''uuna ile n@et'tcl,t'ate. De <strong>pe</strong> lercti s-n recoltat:. lleta utenardi:<br />

Ncslicut ccl,l,ul,unus, ?h,olcus opi,l,ionoid,es, Diptera.<br />

Srrb pietrc fi in detritusul vegctaL s-au g bit, i Cllonilrinq, clia a,<br />

C<strong>la</strong>udliitluo i Armqd,il,l,idiurn oersicolTr quinquesc atum,; Lithobi.us (L.)<br />

crythrocephalus sclr.u<strong>la</strong>'i, i l)ysdera ninii, Leptkllpkanl.es lepr6us, Cclt'<br />

lrorhetus \. s1)., Li,ocro,nram ru2i,co<strong>la</strong>; Neel,us nr,urinus, LepidoclJt'l,us sp.,<br />

Ile{crcpte L ; Coleoptera.<br />

O dati, cu studiul accstor douii, <strong>pe</strong>irtcri s-a ccrectatj qi <strong>la</strong>u<strong>la</strong> <strong>la</strong>pidicolii,<br />

lii litoc<strong>la</strong>zicii tlin vecinr,tatca intririlor.<br />

I.a,un:r <strong>la</strong>,pitlicoli,: Gasteroltoda 1 Simplry<strong>la</strong>; Iacinins sp.; ?llolcus<br />

ltltaktttgioi.de:s, Lioct'utt.unt, r'uyti,col,a, Sallicit<strong>la</strong>c 1 Acurinai '1'h'ysan'ura<br />

1<br />

Lcpidor:yrtus soblcts, Lepi acyrlus EIl. i Hcteroltera i treptothors'fi I'ubcrunL.


Itrllr(i,\nrtM l)uMt'll is(,(r fr ({,LAt!.<br />

F&un.r, litoc<strong>la</strong>zic5, i Pupi,L<strong>la</strong> ntltacoru ., Cltotr,tbitr,q cl.ieu<strong>la</strong> i Ar'rtua-<br />

'tlillitlin trt, s1t., Porccllio s1t-; Zill,a sp., llleio ,ctq fusciltal,pit, Sa,tticidttc i<br />

Galu,rnna aLultw, GaLr,nuta uqaosus, Ph,aulloltiu Lu,coruut; CuccuLus xp.i<br />

LcTtidoqp'lus sp. i Ilcl"eroptera, inr <strong>din</strong>tre coleoptere Coccincl<strong>la</strong> sp. (colonic<br />

forrrtc bogatir, rlc hibcrna,fic <strong>la</strong> 2?.X.1065).<br />

Pqtero <strong>din</strong> Lunco Priporului<br />

Sin. Pegtero de lo Finlino Socilor<br />

DaIn ccrccIbii.'f . Orghid:rn, lI.DumiLrcscu, Vat.<br />

'I<br />

P{Scrrir, .1. r rr-<br />

'sachi<br />

$i SL. Arr:rln, 27.\'.19ti2, nr, 180,0d2, C.I.S.<br />

Pcqtcra, cs1,c siluu,l;i in Llulcl! ?r'ipor'tllui, lir, o dcDLrlirrc dc ttplo-<br />

-\ilutrliy i I )r N.lJ do lilr,l,rrl Polor', (ll llulrtl (lo rrcccs {iiud cililrtlr rc rrlt:ir<br />

incoujuliurl <strong>pe</strong> lil esl cteir$tl<br />

.llor'(lului l\Iru e.<br />

Numcle de Ilintira Socil0r<br />

vine tle <strong>la</strong> apa care iese ditr<br />

<strong>pe</strong>fterii fi cirlc estc crlDhrti po<br />

rrn jghelb <strong>pe</strong>ntru utiliztlct ci<br />

ur :lpi potlbilir.<br />

Gurx l)cl<strong>la</strong>lii, innltl d0<br />

9,90 m, <strong>la</strong>rg5, de 30 cmfi oricnt&ti<br />

snlo YNY, sc giseltc hr<br />

rr,lt,itu<strong>din</strong>cu, dc g:iJ nr fi cslc<br />

luodolr[li iu cirlcirlc i!l]l.icnc.<br />

l\{icul curs subte<strong>la</strong>l} ttribnto<br />

iuci,pcrcn -{ |i culo[r'ul<br />

dc h cxrlrgcuti, pc o lungiutc tlo<br />

10 m, nvinrl Dc lrnicctul slu<br />

doui dcDiYclil i mlri plolrlr (ii!l.o<br />

({ig. 90). In Dqtcli sirlt doui<br />

izvoil,rc, lI [i ,, it. cil0r ru)ir<br />

confluerzii inairtlc tl-t ic;it urt<br />

<strong>din</strong> canclil .\, Irrtleirgl sulrllt:rfi,<br />

r' podclci cstc lcopolitir cu<br />

nisip ,1i prulrli,; dcpus itr t ilr)l)ul<br />

cr


5t (,oNlIt|8uuf t,A s'lul)tul ttt$'t,I|t|,tLolt DrN llltc, IluNttDo^lt^<br />

Curad s<strong>la</strong>b da oer in dreptul izvoa,relor d ii |r.<br />

tr'^clorxcl, trofic. Iiesursc alimenta,rc repreze4tate prin fruuze gi crengi<br />

putrc


,s'Sljfl..-'"<br />

It#l)..t)<br />

---4<br />

sa<br />

.k, t;,<br />

1ohrit locului<br />

Fig. 2t, - Pctlcrn dc li Tr.curi.


iio J-\licAlill'l^ Drrvlt i liscu 3j coL-\rt.<br />

Ccle cloui, culoa|c stlimte A qi B inpart accasl,i ga,leric in trci secto{tc<br />

cu ilspccte c&r&cteristicc.<br />

Scclo'tutr I cstc redus lir lorliuue& dc<strong>la</strong> il]traro, cuplinsl intrc cclo<br />

dorrir, por'{,i clc {icr' 1 qi 2.<br />

Lii{imca, sr r.&rirzir iDtrc 1$i 3 m, iar inir,ll,imcl intlc 1 Si 10 n]-<br />

I)rrpir, rur coboli| do 5 nl lrcstc- blocuri, gnlcria sc intilnc$te cu deschi-<br />

(lcrcr cotlorului rsccndont a. Iu apropicrca poltii 2 a.tr)rr concreliuni<br />

lulicl-alc ;i lorurtfiuni sti,<strong>la</strong>gnitice de mici ir11portan1,n (iig. 21 SI).<br />

lr:<br />

rl<br />

F;g. 29.- Pcritcta dc<strong>la</strong> Tcculi. Scurgcrc prric<strong>la</strong>tir <strong>din</strong> grlcria plir)citali, sector IL<br />

Scc.torul, II cstc rcllczcntat dc conl.imrilr'ca galelici, a, cirei iniJt'imo<br />

mirrirl]ii Du 1,rcac de 12-13 ur, llrgirnea valiinrl intlc 5 5i 10 ln. Se calllctcrizcirzit<br />

:rtit llill lrumuscicc scRlgcrilor puietale (Iig. 29) tji n forltttiunilol<br />

rtrhgnitice, citi fi !r'in pcrslectil-ir, cor1tinuu <strong>la</strong>rg doschis,i.<br />

IJ& incaput grlcri& estc dcrcendertir,, il,viutl uD p<strong>la</strong>nqcu dc cfl,lciti, cu<br />

gulru'i Ic r}lil.rgiui. Aspcctul icestui p<strong>la</strong>nrscn in purl,i', ca lsi luasivclc<br />

diiliurituri clin inclpcrcit inilialn D, irr'.t.tii p]'incipalul puur:t dc litrundcls<br />

a lpci carc rr sipat galc.ria. Dupii 50 m pl.rnrscul dcviuo orizontal, iar<br />

galcria se lilgcStc, apfrinrl fi plttlorlrc <strong>la</strong>tcra,lc. ?c stingt so dcscltitlc utr<br />

cotloll (c), ftuc riplc crtrernit&tca lrri cstc ciipluqil' cu r'r'isttlo itt IoIDri-r<br />

rlc stilcl, (1rinri, ill J0 '..1.1<br />

cm lllrrgiDro) ptrrl rcrrtliculita c lc pctt'{i. ,'\cosb<br />

sc!'tor se 1.er-.r1riDi! bursc in lilf,it unci mNsil.c foln)lliuui stilliigDlili('e (.luc,<br />

alrleDl, inchide transversal druurul splo port'irurc!, acccsibilit it pcfl(rlii<br />

(scctorul III). Cu 5 m in:rintca acestui brraj sc ri(lici, Iitlnicir, rtnrt tiinNro


CONIILIAIITII !A ATUDIUL PF]'TEITTT.ON DTN RIIG. TruN'DOAltA GI<br />

cele mai s<strong>pe</strong>ctnculoase sta<strong>la</strong>gmite tlin p€qteril€ tirii noastre. Inatti do 7 nl,<br />

aceasti sta,<strong>la</strong>gmitd, alb5, cu reflero de culoare roz prezintd, or!.ame tatii<br />

in fopmd, dc stranguli,ri succesivo, md,rturii ale variafiei Iactorilor fizico'<br />

chimici <strong>din</strong> timpul evolutici ei. Umiditatca <strong>pe</strong>rmanenti li di o $trtrlucirs<br />

tleosebiti (fig. 23).<br />

, FiC. 23. - Pcitora dc ln 'lccuri. Stalqgltita <strong>din</strong> exLrctnllqtea sector lui ll.<br />

l<strong>la</strong>ra,jul st:r,<strong>la</strong>gmitat, impresiouantU, ,,coul6e" tlc calciti care se inrlfii<br />

plin colomele-de.deasupra ei pfud |l ta,vau (1? m), este greu ale €sc*lttd.!t,<br />

aviud partea baza,ll in formd dc povirnit neted, &co<strong>pe</strong>rit in <strong>pe</strong>rmanenfi<br />

ct o pituri umcrli, dc, argili rofcatd.<br />

, D.rumul spr:c $octoful III se ?ool,e insi continua cu destuli ufuliril<br />

tlecind rrrintr.o mici, deschirlere ,a,Ilntir tn ertremitntca vesticl a masi-<br />

'r'ului /iita<strong>la</strong>gnitic.


I.l lrr;l Iii't^ DUntlttltscu 3i corArt.<br />

Sc pitl]'r- urle int,l-o il&lelie tIansvclsall d cilrc, irt l)itrlc, nu cs[,c i[lt-<br />

( cvrl LL'cil j{olul rrrl)rins inlr'c pclctc \ii rlrsivir, scrugcro !t:r]ltgnril.icii a billtjului.<br />

In rrcrrstr"urlcric pclclii silrt in intlcgjrro trcoleril,i crr corcrc{iuni<br />

corlliformc dc culonrc ro[cati. Ccea, cc 1i tlii iusi, nol& cnactcri$tici, e$to<br />

pirtura dc clisLa,lc rlici, acicu<strong>la</strong>re, utilorm colotric in rolu'ptupuriu, c..rlo<br />

cirpl,ulcso o partc <strong>din</strong> pcrclolc golului rlin intcrioml lornal.iulrii ril&<strong>la</strong>gmi-<br />

1,icc co alcituicltrc gr<strong>la</strong>lia. Accastl forni de crj$t&liz&re ir, ci[lcil,ei uu In1<br />

lrai rcmarcftt-o iD al1,c pcltoti studial,c.<br />

l.ig. 21. - Pc,\tera dc<strong>la</strong>Tccuri. Plrca crisLili'ririrfornrii dcmasi <strong>din</strong> sah I, soctorullll.<br />

in prima parl,e a galoriei transversalc, deprcsiunilc p<strong>la</strong>,nfcului sint,<br />

dc celo lrrai lnultc od, pline cu apd,. Spre capi,tul ei sc lormcazri o rnici,<br />

iuci,pcle rotuncli, cu ur don tn mijloc $i sc tsmini, cu o llDtfor.ni cu<br />

un gol dedesubt, cale se hideilzi, prin zgornolul c&re se &uale cind msrgi.<br />

Intre plima fi & doua, pafic a galerici sc poa,te urca pcsto un ptilg<br />

concretionat <strong>din</strong> pcrctclc nordic $i strccurinclu-l,c printrc pcro{,ii utrui lrour<br />

sc ajunge iu culouul dc lcgd,tmri, B <strong>din</strong>tre sectoarcle II qi III (lig. 21).<br />

Scctoru,tr III incepc, ca Di cel preccdent, cu o poltiuno dcscendcuti, a<br />

galerisi (r) carc,sc conlinui, apoi orizort&ld, pilii, aproapc dc crplt uude urci,<br />

9 nr. Cu toate ci, pc trilicctul ga,lcriei se gisc5tc t-r s.rli, <strong>la</strong>,l gi, do 15 m (f),<br />

1:otugi inilf,irncu, ei ledusi, 1r 2,5-5 n.], cr fi $inuozitrtea itcccnl,ualii, o<br />

lipsesc de <strong>pe</strong>rs<strong>pe</strong>ctil'li.<br />

Dogl{,ia in {orma{iuni st.l<strong>la</strong>gmitice, concrctiuni Si scrugcli pa,rictale,<br />

precum $i fornelc cristalinc <strong>la</strong>rticu<strong>la</strong>,rc cc intrd, in constituti& pli,cii tlcsprinsc<br />

diII tavil.u cilLo are as<strong>pe</strong>ctul unei mesc (t), ca,racl]erizeazd, {rccsll<br />

scclor. Cristr&lc.lc mllri li limpczi forrn&te Ie faf,a illlclionrri, a, tlccsl,ei pli,ci<br />

crr fi l)c su])rafiili d.c dcslriudore ilil t&viru sint unicc ca, m:iliuro qi c<strong>la</strong>ritate<br />

<strong>pe</strong>ntru intrczgt, pcsteri (iig. 94).


\)til'[ to|.|t t,l\ srut)tt . Pl:ttIB[LorL DIN <strong>la</strong>lii:. ltuNl,tDo]ln^<br />

ln spa{,iul <strong>din</strong>trc masi 6i <strong>pe</strong>rol,c, p<strong>la</strong>nqeul este aco<strong>pe</strong>rit cu lumeroase<br />

nlonocd$tir,lc ce sc ritlicl verticd ca, uigte sta<strong>la</strong>gmitc acicu<strong>la</strong>a'e pintr<br />

lo 10-30 cm iuiu,ime. Acest as<strong>pe</strong>ct curios amintefte, aparent, un tavan<br />

iuver$atj a,co<strong>pe</strong>rit cu cristalictite sta<strong>la</strong>ctitioo (Iig. 25).<br />

lie rnai pot semn:r,<strong>la</strong> <strong>pe</strong> tra,iectul galeriei numeroase gururi cu pisolitc,<br />

unclc plinc cu npi, altclc uscrto.<br />

liig. 2i. -:l,ctl(r.r<br />

dc Ia 'lccuri. Phn$(u stalug'ritat.<br />

Ace{uiti, profuziunc il forrne cristaline qi concrefionarea generall<br />

a extrcmiti{ii galeriei principale sint mg,rturii alo actiunii unui nivel tle<br />

apd, liniqtit $i h o a<strong>din</strong>cime apreciabild, ln masa calca,relor aco<strong>pe</strong>rite <strong>la</strong><br />

supra,fafd de o piduro bogntd.<br />

A doua galerio {, <strong>pe</strong>qterii orienta,td, spro sud, <strong>pe</strong> care am numit-o<br />

Qaleria Lacului, estc fi ea deBcendeDtai, a,jnngind ln lundul avenului <strong>din</strong><br />

sa,<strong>la</strong> r& l& o difercn{i, dc nivel de 40 m fail de suprafalii,. $i aceastd galerio<br />

Ee pootc inpirti in doui sectoare (fig. 21).<br />

Seclorul, I reprezinti portiunca, de <strong>la</strong> intraro cuprinstr, lutre gurt, avenului<br />

(s) $i strlmtoarco i, care se transformd, ln sifoa <strong>la</strong> crEterea nivelului<br />

a<strong>pe</strong>i, Din fundul avenului se coboart <strong>pe</strong> o ponti a,co<strong>pe</strong>riti cu argill amestocati<br />

cu blocuri de tliferite dimensiuni <strong>pe</strong>ste caro au clzut trunchiuri qi<br />

crengi de copaci. Ldtimea sa variazd lntro 1 gi 9 m qi lnd,lfimea intre 12 m<br />

(in iL'cptul avenului) qi 0,70 m Ia sifon. Galeria prczintd doui deschialeri<br />

Iateralo prin care se comunici Bpre vest cu lncd<strong>pe</strong>.rea j. SectoruI I este<br />

sdrac ln fonnaliuni sto<strong>la</strong>gmitioe, limitlndu-so Ia cltova concrefiuni pa,rietale.<br />

Becloruf, lI este!.ormat dilr sa<strong>la</strong> <strong>la</strong>cului (L) caro sc continui cu ga,leria<br />

utor a,$conalentt nl oricntatl spre SD 9i cu lncl<strong>pe</strong>rca descendentd k spre V.<br />

Atllncimca rna,ximi a <strong>la</strong>cului, <strong>la</strong> nivelul sc[zut, csl,o do 2,6 m, Clnd nivolul


64 It^l|c.\lt! l'A rru:lrltRlscu sl coLAD,<br />

crette, r,pa oculi, iu intregime sa<strong>la</strong>, pini, <strong>la</strong> sifon, ?dtrunzinrl qi in sectorul<br />

I. ln &ccst c.rz inha,r'ea, in sald, este inchis5,. Cind nivelul anei scatlc<br />

rd,mine los c1c mers <strong>pe</strong> marginea de sud a <strong>la</strong>cului, unde <strong>pe</strong>retele formeazi<br />

un bliu <strong>la</strong>t dc 1 tn, sau se traverseaztr, <strong>la</strong>cul <strong>pe</strong> o scinrlurd.<br />

Lif,imca mrximi, a, gale ci estc dc 20 m in sa<strong>la</strong> <strong>la</strong>cului (fig. 11), inr<br />

lnii,lfimc& yu,riazi intrc 2 li 15 m. I'<strong>la</strong>fonul dc ilca;uPra <strong>la</strong>cului prczintir IiL<br />

4 m initllimc o diachzi olisntatd, D-V.<br />

Porliune& termiuald, a galeriei nl prezinti, le llngi un aven oiplorr,t<br />

pinir, <strong>la</strong> 35 m ftdfurcilnc, Ei o concretionare bogatd, a lrltimelor doui illci,-<br />

lcri (& Si o). Ar.cuul tubu<strong>la</strong>r, cu poretele cS,ptuqit de scurplere sta<strong>la</strong>gmil,icri,,<br />

sc ingustcazJ, atit dc mull, rlup5,32 m, iucit opreste coborirea mai departc.<br />

Din dcscrierca sumard, rczultd, cd, <strong>pe</strong>ltelu, descentlcntd, de <strong>la</strong> Tecuri<br />

cste hrci lu Iegd,l,uri, cu rcfeaua tle api subterani,, care lntreiine <strong>pe</strong>rmanoura<br />

lrcului <strong>din</strong> ga,leria sccundari,, provocird $i accenljua,tele varialii de nivel.<br />

Concrelionarea bogati, tlin galeria, principali li <strong>din</strong> extrcnrit&tea terminall<br />

a, galcrici sccundarc, coustituiti, <strong>din</strong> scurgcri prriel,uJc, domuri,<br />

sta,l:rgrnitc, stilh(rtitc, {,urfuri qi pcrdclc, Iolrrur{irrni colllifolrrro, potliforrnc<br />

,ii pisolito, sc d&toloqtc ln uarc mlsuli, 1lltllilgcrii 1i picru'irii sl,u<br />

exudi,rii apci r1c infiltrafic. Cristalclc acicu<strong>la</strong>rc, clista,lictitcle lsi calc<strong>la</strong>,ll,c<br />

forlne cristclinc s-au lol'mat t<strong>la</strong>toliti, apci stagnantc cu mrre conccrltra.rc<br />

in caabonat $i al circi niyel a osci<strong>la</strong>t ln timp. Accasti, aciiuue lucrustantir<br />

.L a?ei sc datorette grosimii piturii calcaroasc shS,bi,tutc cle apa de iutillraf.ic<br />

pinir, Ic Sol p;$terii. Ii. fiue, pantclc, acolerite cu un stiat cle calcit5,<br />

;i gurrui, sint mi,r'l,urii trlc c\istentai luui curcrlt dc lpi.<br />

Prczcr]tll uloutnilchului sprc baza lclclilor diu Crleii.r Lrculrti csl0<br />

drtoritir, uniditi,lii crcscute, iar: dcpozitul gilos dc }c Dodcir ,li leroii<br />

arati Di!.clul actntrl osci<strong>la</strong>nt a,l a,Ici.<br />

Luntina u pi,trunde rlecit apro:iima1,ir. 1i m in gttleriilc cc lotncsc<br />


(r()lflr|tlJU'Lll l.A S'fUl,tu[ PtSTI':IIloll Dllil REO. IIUNIiDO]|R^<br />

ln galeriile profundo sta<strong>la</strong>gmitete, lo baza <strong>pe</strong>retilor gi <strong>pe</strong> sub frintrrrilo<br />

de concrctiuni cdzutc ln gururile ftrr6 api, dar umetle, mi rnau<br />

Ia 28,Vr1962 inrlivizii unei bogate popu<strong>la</strong>tii de Bophroohaeto dwica, S,amnol6m<br />

cd h a,lte dcpl&strri acest coleopto! a fost gdsit <strong>la</strong> numi,r mult mei<br />

rcstrlDs dc indivizi.<br />

Po pl&nqeul :lcclorrsi galerii s-au m&i g5,sit I Troglohllpkantesp.i<br />

Ihrombidi,iitac; Onychdurus anndus, O. sp., Isotomurus <strong>pe</strong>luslris, I'epi-<br />

.bqlrrus scrbic\s, Diayrtoma minu<strong>la</strong>, Anlwpdilct pygrnoew, Bmynlhurus<br />

6,p. i Bpc.ole?,a leplogaster.<br />

Irouna ilo oe e)mta. }Tu s-a somtralet Ia nici o dep<strong>la</strong>sarc prezen<strong>la</strong><br />

coloniilor ile chiroptoro, Ixisten{a un6i cantitdti aproeDo nelnscmnate ds<br />

guono in mica lncdporo a8cenalenti (a) <strong>din</strong> apropierea, intrlrii denoti sta-<br />

{ionarca pasagerd, ! unui numd,r rostrlns tlo inativizi ln bolto acestei hcipcri.<br />

Cei c$iva indivizi captu<strong>la</strong>ti ln luna ougult apartin s<strong>pe</strong>ciei nkinolo?hus<br />

I er'r'u,Drequr,runt<br />

licsturi .<br />

schclctioc de Myoris mltolis qi M. mllsl@inus au fost aalunate<br />

diu difcrif,c Jruncto lllo gaJcrioi<br />

/.:<br />

principl<strong>la</strong>.<br />

In inci<strong>pe</strong>rilo <strong>din</strong> rpropierea intririi au mai fost glsite oasc de:<br />

Andcol,.t lerresl,ris, trtioolut nioalds, M. eflo,lds, Apodernus syl.aelicugl<br />

Gti's glit i Il com11s lodims gi Bores ornrcus.<br />

In biotonul biotopul <strong>la</strong>uidicol <strong>la</strong>pidicol extcrior <strong>din</strong> rlin vooir voointrtatea intdrii so semnaleazl :<br />

Qlttltortius ttius ttti,croph,tlwlmu.r<br />

n. ssp., Ncobi$um,carpaticum<br />

Ncobi$um,caxpaticun', i Mitostoma elcgens<br />

i Alna,utobilrs sp., Segcstri,q, scnocutata, Cryplweca pirini, Agelena simil,it,<br />

Octlolhoran tp.i Onychiurus en a,us, I^otofliLtrrs pal$lris ) Ecloroltlcra;<br />

Co<strong>la</strong>oltlct'tt.<br />

Pegtero Gouro Oonei<br />

I<br />

Sin. Pegtero de lo Crivodio<br />

Col c<strong>la</strong>t. L lourd. J. n o f h 28.IV.1323, col. Blospcqloglca, nr. 1 133, rrcncidc, opilionirlc,<br />

nmtit'odc.<br />

Cilute . fat'nt. 1,. t" u g c (1031) Pothom n pros.rpin4 E.S. nr. 1 !33, col. Iliospcologlcr.<br />

Daltlc.ctccldrilot: Vol. P u S c a r i u, 25.IV.1953 ;. V a l. I'uicarlu, 1\I. Dumltloscr,<br />

T. Orghidan ti J. Tanasachl, ?.1X.r953, 16.VIII.r95l, nr.37, C,I.S,;<br />

T. OrghidaD, J. 1'{nasachl, ll. Ccorgcscu, St. Avram tlA. Hotllnger,<br />

l0.VIll.l962, nr. 204, 16$0, C.I.S.<br />

Pcqtcln este si,patl in calca,rele titonice <strong>din</strong> ilealul Cornctului, lpililD<br />

dc $af,ul Crirrdia.<br />

Dmmul dc acocs cstc ci,rarea cars urci in ssrDentintr, alin sosezrna<br />

Crivudir - Melirior', lnconjuriart pc <strong>la</strong> est masi'!'ul muitos. Distlnlr.! da <strong>la</strong><br />

Crivodiu <strong>la</strong> nc$tcri, csto dc rproximativ 1,5 L.m.<br />

Ccle trci dcschidori (A, B ti C) slnt oricrtate : A. S 10" V, B. S 15" lt,<br />

.;i C. V. .i\ltitu<strong>din</strong>c.r ln dreptul intririi A csts d0 653 m.<br />

Lungimcr totali a a.cestei <strong>pe</strong>qtcri estc de 470 rn. lnll{,imczr, galoriilor<br />

viuiozi intrc 0,30 m $i 17 m. Sa,<strong>la</strong> cea mai maro (C) arc o lungime do<br />

li 1,,,,"<br />

rrfimc'r maximr' de 20 m (fis'?6)'


I<br />

-3'


CONI'ITIBTryII LA STIDIUI, PEBTEnII.OT DIN IIICI. TUNTDOTI!.{<br />

..<br />

Cursul dc -api subtoran, cu multe sinuozititi po traiectul siu, cu o<br />

dircctie gencro.l[ N-S, are un singur aflucnt lrincipal <strong>pe</strong> stlnca. Ca;acte_<br />

riEl,ici €stc aparilie, 4i dispari{,ia a<strong>pe</strong>i <strong>pe</strong> treiect ul piriului aatoritl teglt urii<br />

s&le ctlretcaua de l<strong>pe</strong> tubterane ca.re il alimentcazi gi-l fur6ln nur:aeroaso<br />

pqncte, In.timpul ploil-or abuailenlo livelul a<strong>pe</strong>i cr69to 9i cursul pfrlului<br />

devine conLinuu. Urmele aeestor nivolo crercqte se p6t rirmlri <strong>pe</strong>-pcre$ii<br />

galeriei, in locurile unde aceasta se ingusteazi.<br />

ln ansamblul sl,u <strong>pe</strong>qtera esto sd<strong>pe</strong>ti ln lungul ulror'd.iac<strong>la</strong>ze caro<br />

so intretaie tr mai multe tlirectii, comtituind un atlevd,rat defilsu sinuos<br />

!n lortiuneo profundd, qi o serie rle incl<strong>pe</strong>ri <strong>la</strong>rgi qi tnalte ca,ro stau tn<br />

legS,turi cu oxter.iorul. In dreptul acestor lnci<strong>pe</strong>ri, formats <strong>la</strong> nivslul<br />

lntretdierilor <strong>din</strong>tre diac<strong>la</strong>ze, au ayut loo prdbugiri al6 tavanului. podeaua<br />

lor cito acopcritd, cu un bogat materia,l c<strong>la</strong>stic rle dimensiuni yeriate.<br />

Denive<strong>la</strong>rea albiei cursulqi subteran se ace,entueazi sDro cxurcents<br />

unalg a<strong>pe</strong>r coscado de aite 2 m itrtlgimo gi bazino adlnci plino cu apl. fl<br />

l,oal,I cftem so lntllnesc depozit€ depuss dc plriu, conrt,i[uito <strong>din</strong> njrip si<br />

pnrndig, ma,i obundent€ ln inc{,pcrilo <strong>la</strong>rgi <strong>din</strong> aval. lnlro dogchide-rilb<br />

A qiB so pot -observo p<strong>la</strong>.tfome -sip?t€ Ia 1 m $i <strong>la</strong> ? m lnilfime, reprezcntlntl<br />

urmolo unor vechi nivele ale cursului subtemn. Irorriratiinild its<br />

calcil,d, slnt conccntrato in porl.iunile profundc alc <strong>pe</strong>gterii luceptnil tle <strong>la</strong><br />

citiva, mehi ln ava.l de confluenll. Majoritatea lor formcazl scurgcri pa,rietale.<br />

- - O-bscuri.tata totali po traseul cursului subte<strong>la</strong>n, cu excep$ie inci<strong>pe</strong>rilor<br />

ln leslturl cu cxteriorul.<br />

, ^^_-f:omlrc1.-alura-a€ruhi <strong>la</strong> -?.1X,1g53 : lo intra,re 13"C, <strong>la</strong> cxurgs4i<br />

13'C, in rlefileu 10'C Si a. a<strong>pe</strong>i g'C. I-,a 19.VIII.1962 tempiTatura aCrulhi<br />

<strong>la</strong> intrano l3PC, tn tlefileu 9,5"C, in a,ptr 8,5rc, b exugentt 14.C.<br />

Untiil,itate 100% h toatc datelo celcetidlor.<br />

Curcnl,ul i<strong>la</strong> aer accentuat intle celo 3 deschideri cu direcl,il <strong>din</strong>spre<br />

deschiderils A ti C spre exurgenf,5,.<br />

Io,ctorul, lrolic. Il,esurse alimentaro bogate constituito tlilr trunchiui<br />

qi ramuri putred^e, crotc Ai bi,legar mai alc8 ln camercle <strong>din</strong> dreptul desch!<br />

derilor A $i C. In restul <strong>pe</strong>sterii, materia.l trofic depus do a,p4. Nu s-a<br />

obsoryal prezonta gua,nouJui de lilieci.<br />

I6u*6 atre ncoolcbrde. Biotopul pariot&l este bogat populnt mai ales<br />

ln lnci<strong>pe</strong>rile <strong>din</strong> apropierea deschiderilor. Aici s-au gEsit numcroasc eremp<strong>la</strong>rc<br />

dc ,l,lcto ntenanli, fi. ncianae, Neslicus cell,i<strong>la</strong>ru,s. ln numir rnai<br />

rcstrins s-au adunat -rYezu.sl


nll\nO^l|ltT{<br />

DUI nliEsc'lt !l Cot^ll,<br />

. Dc pc fundul nisipos nl micilor: Lrazine s-au ldunat cxcmp<strong>la</strong>re dc<br />

P h.agocata s1t.<br />

Din biotopul lopidicol exteliol ior diu, jurul rlcschidcrilor, dcschidcrilor, s-r colcctat<br />

urmitorul :orul matcti|ll: matctilll i Erlcllittaeus buahholzi,. buahholti,, Aclw,<strong>la</strong> Aclnc<strong>la</strong> aia&Li- ciseni, Allotrobo|hora<br />

Allolobonlnrn<br />

slt.; Cer'llclvilnl mi, i,rnunh Achetxthirxltle acu<strong>la</strong>ata, Blteleod,i,scus lr1ari,a,<br />

Cochlod,ina <strong>la</strong>,nr,in.a<strong>la</strong>, <strong>la</strong>min.a<strong>la</strong>, AeqoninclLa AewpincLta 7u,ra nuo, i 1 Annadill,i;liuti,<br />

Artnadill,i I sp.t sp., sn.. ro|cclNo Irorcclio Iror.cclio 81t., s-o.'.<br />

Li.gi.tli,un hll1ttorun lnnrcru|tu; 1 Lilkobius (L.l mlth,roceltha<br />

mlth,roceythaltlt tclntlct'i, Li.tlwbi.ut<br />

Li,tlwbiut<br />

(tr.) sp.; ; Ch.l'h.otti.us herutht, Chthon tiut ius mdaroph,tkal,m,x{.s n. ssp., Neobisiunt<br />

carpa,ticrnn,l Nemattonta, sp., Liohtutu,m rotundtum, Nel,ima sp., Lopltopil,i,o<br />

p p_ll.pinalis, al.lt i,nalis, P<strong>la</strong>l,ybttu.tls <strong>la</strong>lyltu.rr4ls buccplnhr,t bu,ccph,a<strong>la</strong>.t<br />

I Cybaeut y baew tetriaus, u,s, llcta<br />

clo ,.etica.l,ete,<br />

l'orrhomnr,a I'orrkonltLa, covrefiu\r, cotnefiuvr, La?thy?hulles I'a?tky?l<strong>la</strong>tllcs sp,, Agineta Agi.1ret6 sp., ,Di Dt DipLooa?kal,us<br />

cri.statu:J, , DipLoccph,alus tatiJrons ; Gal,uttnn tarsi<strong>pe</strong>unata,'l'rich,oribalcs<br />

trintacu<strong>la</strong>tus, Ilefenrafferia gi,bi<strong>pe</strong>s; i Dntorvobq<strong>la</strong><br />

Dnlot\ob4<strong>la</strong> rnuacorunt, nuscorunt' Orchctcl<strong>la</strong> Orch,ctcl<strong>la</strong><br />

aarpati,ca, O, aet'otllel'ni,cq O. ponli,ca, Ott.yclti.wtn O)t.llchiw'us s ler'rico<strong>la</strong>., let co<strong>la</strong>, Lepid,oslJrtus<br />

sp., Snxi.nllrurr s Lubb


lt_\Tl BUflt 1,.\ :{ruDluL PtigTIt:t l.ott DIN n}:c. nuNl:Do?t|l]\<br />

Sipri.L in calcarelc tito ce <strong>din</strong> Dcalul llolii, {lccastL ncsl,crl ss<br />

gir,scqtc <strong>la</strong>, rltitu<strong>din</strong>ca ilo ?20 m. Difcrcn<strong>la</strong> dc nivcl tlintrc insirrgenf,L qi<br />

cxurgqnl,i cstc foarte nlici, do maximum 2 m.<br />

- - J)cschidcrcu tlc ll insurgenlri (Iig. 27), inaltl dc l0 m ti <strong>la</strong>rgi, l.r,<br />

riveh al)ei, de 20 ln, csLc oricntc.ti, sprc IJ-Nli. ln intcrior druluul a lost<br />

rmenajat cu punl,i l)cutr[ trvitruea, trcccrii prin a,pi (iD momcntul do <strong>la</strong>fi,<br />

,ccstc punli ru m&i pot fi utilizatc, fiind putrcdc 6i in plrte prtrbugite).<br />

FiC- 27. - I'cltcru Bolii. Itnurgcn<strong>la</strong> plriului Jupl[casa.<br />

Cuuul riubtertrn cs[c meu,ndtat, cu mici insulc do nisip gi pietri$. Tcft]sa<br />

Dcl,ual-t, constiLuibd, <strong>din</strong> cc<strong>la</strong>$i material alur.ionar, apare cill


Fi3. 26. - Pcttrra Bolii.


CONTIUDTTIII LI STODIqL PESTEBII,O& DDT NEO. ETINEDOARA<br />

clo fiiD.tl complet sau ln p&rto sta<strong>la</strong>gmitate. Ne-a atras eteDtio ln moal<br />

deosobit Ei galcria G, &l ctrei prolil transvergal ns aratd, c<strong>la</strong>r cI reprezinti<br />

un tunel de presinno ca.re- ss tsrmind ln amonto cu un l)oylrlig ile 3 m.<br />

co coboart ptnd. <strong>la</strong> ap4, In dreptul acestui pori.nriq existi o cdmlrugl<br />

do 2/2 m (E) formati le niyelul celor doud itiaoloze tn <strong>pe</strong>r€b. fD.terpreta,red<br />

cane 8e poatc a<strong>la</strong>, fomlrii acestui tunol do presiune, lulnal ln coDsidoratio<br />

profilul qi povirnigul <strong>din</strong> amonte, a,r li urmitoa,rea : clnil cursul subt€ron<br />

s-a g[sit <strong>la</strong> niyelul torasei su<strong>pe</strong>rioano qi a iucoput porioada do sdparo a<br />

albioi cu <strong>pe</strong>rel,ii abrqpti, prin diac<strong>la</strong>zolo ilin,C eu venib


ltrrrrclnDl]^<br />

DO lllTltti6(!<br />

rl col,rllr.<br />

i Flruna, Iitoo<strong>la</strong>,zictr, <strong>din</strong> vecinltatoa rcsurgenici: Trridnti*i,a ptrieri<br />

h coloD.io denad, Dandrobaena rubid,o i Ckonil,rina al,ienta i Annaildllddiun<br />

Ep. i Ti<strong>la</strong>tnece .sp.,, Begastri,e senoadata, Meta rcliauf,ata, Leptwf,ho,nles<br />

f<strong>la</strong>oipas, Cl,ubioni,ibn, Gnaphoso sp,, Sirriclr.$ sp,r l Galumnn nsrrosus i<br />

Orchesa&a caryatica, Lepiibcyrhts sp. ; -tcsdrrs (Chthenol,utiusl mialus,<br />

Lati,ut o)ienus, Tel,ramori,um Jeroa 1 Coleoplera.<br />

listo founei cqYornicole<br />

NEVERIEBNATE<br />

T rbc<strong>la</strong>rio<strong>la</strong> 0Ditt. rcdctcrnliDat)<br />

Phdgoca<strong>la</strong> sp.<br />

Dendtuco.Ium sp,<br />

D.n.l.o.oclum (Dcr.bo.ocl itt s) sp}nerot'htlll|rs<br />

Uc$udr.<br />

Ot'to.rrald (dct. Fr- Botca)<br />

' Er.hukacus I'ucrrl|oLi Vcidovsky<br />

O clo <strong>la</strong>s i rm I actcum (Orlci,<br />

Dcndrobacrv ruridd (SavigDy)<br />

Dchdrobaun sp.<br />

-!'rldcricia risclosa (LlvinscD)<br />

J'?id..icid callosd (Dlscn)<br />

icrrdcld sp.<br />

Lumbtictltus sp.<br />

Goslcropo.Id (dct. A. Ncgrcn)<br />

I)iscus p€rspd.lirus lucgcrlc<br />

S<strong>pe</strong>lcodi$cus Lid.iq (Frlslv.) Rossm,<br />

V..ft ro prrsilld ]Uilllcr<br />

Cocr icopa lrrri.d Irl0ltcr<br />

Vitrco didprlona Studcr<br />

Ctto'1..lri''a cli.nlo (wcst.) Dhnnann<br />

Otlrchitus g<strong>la</strong>bct (Stud$) Fdr'<br />

,{rrno sp.<br />

CIousiIiIdac<br />

Sgn.drida onat. ncdctcrnlnat)<br />

lldlhgn.I<strong>la</strong>c.a.<br />

lsopoda (dct- I. Tab{cirtu)<br />

' A',,jd.lillidi',Jn Dcrsicolot quitrqucsc.ialttnr<br />

(Vcrh.)<br />

Armadilli.l i nt sp.<br />

J/rrlonlrcus sp.<br />

?ricftoniscur sp.<br />

,igidixrn rupnorun (Cuvic!)<br />

Kara-<br />

-lnphipoda (dct. D. D a n cl r)<br />

A'iPio.gus sP.<br />

Nrprrartus longicdlrdolus matimus<br />

moD<br />

Dccapoda<br />

i.s<strong>la</strong>cus loffcr iufl (Schank)<br />

Diplopoda (lcL I. Tabncoru)<br />

'l'nchlts trhtt.K crrddlir Ntrgx<br />

L'ohJdcstnus (I',, contplutnt s L. (dct' $ t.<br />

Negrc!)<br />

cul[ndrciulw furidus (C. L. Koch)<br />

TIt phlo iulul i&iclus Latzol<br />

Unci!$ loelidus (C. L. Koch)<br />

St'rnprruld (dct. I. Tabacaru)<br />

Sculigu.<br />

a sD.<br />

Crrilopdd (dct. tl. Ncgrca)<br />

Lilhobius \L,, orilis pdrnoni.us Loks:r<br />

Lilhobius (L.> .4tlhto..pltolus L. li.<br />

Lithobius lL,t crUltuoc.pholus ctulfuocrpnallrr<br />

C. I


(ONTI'IBUTII I,I SIODIOIJ PESIATII1oB DIN I,!O. EUNI4DOAITA<br />

Gyas danulotus (Oliylcr)<br />

Egaenus conacrxtt C. L, Koch<br />

Ato/t.ac (.let. it, Dqmitrcscu)<br />

Dicrrno sp.<br />

A mdttroh ius clduslra.rus (Hahn.)<br />

tr6.r.ra ninll Cancstrh<br />

Drsdrra sp.<br />

'.rorpdclcs nomD.rrii (Scopoli)<br />

I<strong>la</strong>rpacles n. sp.<br />

S.!tf'l, i a scnoculotu (L.l<br />

Prtolcur opifr'onoidas (Scbranck)<br />

,4rclcfia similis l(cJscrllng<br />

Cgbaeus tclricut (C. L. t(och)<br />

,littopona sV.<br />

Tcgcnana stfD.sfiir (L. Koch)<br />

LrcnQta /omrdi.( lt. Slmon<br />

cacu.ita cidr.c( ( l.hlrrlclus)<br />

)ltclo tncnonli l,Alr.<br />

Malu mcriu a. (Scop.\<br />

N.slicur cclluldnus (Cl,)<br />

N.rft'dr! puLo.um l(ulcz"<br />

Zal<strong>la</strong> stnemi Thor.<br />

'l'hcr liotoma Bp,<br />

Porrlenma corrrcrun (Wcstring)<br />

Lcpltt0phant r Lprcsur (Ohlc{)<br />

Cchlromerus n. sp.<br />

Ttogloh!! plonlcs *utcrnlll F{go<br />

rltlc.a.rus rnrrig.ada. (Btck$..)<br />

Diploc.pl<strong>la</strong>lus n. sp.<br />

-Diplo..prrdlur crrilotus (BlckN,)<br />

D iploc. phal,]l fdlif ons (Chr.)<br />

(kdolrrorar<br />

tur.ur (Blckr^'.)<br />

l-io anum rupi.o<strong>la</strong> ($olck.)<br />

,rqsiodcs sp.<br />

Thomitida.<br />

Gamotf.J?J (mat. ncdct4rn mt)<br />

T tuomb idi idae (nat. ncdctcnninat)<br />

Ilhaqldt idac (nat. ncdcternlnat)<br />

Oribalcl Gaa. Jana Tanrsachl)<br />

Galumna to'rl p.h^alo Ott.Jcfisn<br />

Catolozclcs srrfli&i Relskl<br />

Schcloribclcs l(lcrrgalur (C. L. Koclr)<br />

l (|c(rrus pdruur luihc<strong>la</strong>ld<br />

Dam.ut lcngeft dorf i (Wlllmenn)<br />

.Ddmcus ofrlicilipcs Nicolct<br />

Domcus c<strong>la</strong>D ig.to (WiUmsnD)<br />

J,r&r:rdcorus sp.<br />

Irodid.i (dct- Irl, Ceorgcscu)<br />

Itodrt ricinu, L.<br />

I xotlrt haz.agonus L.ach<br />

.Diplufa (mrt. ncd€tonnlnat)<br />

?Irusdnu.d (rlrat. nodetern nat)<br />

Coll.zdotd (dct. ll. cruls)<br />

Nea urlda mutaorum (Tcmplcton)<br />

Metochorulca oiori.nsis Stach<br />

Tdrdon np'm,.o tLndLrl't'r W{gr<br />

Oni,f,,iurtt ormdht (Tultb.) clsln<br />

Onycrliurus sp,<br />

Folrom<strong>la</strong>.ardidd (Wtllem.)<br />

ttolond 5.n ititir (Tullbcrg)<br />

tsolotna t nnr'cd R€ut€r<br />

,rolomurur pdaurlrl, (Miillcr)<br />

Entomobrro dorrdlir Uzcl<br />

Eh<strong>la</strong>nvbrya ap.<br />

Orch8.I<strong>la</strong> caryallca lollcsctt<br />

orchctcll! pohllc.t Sltrclr<br />

Onh.t ll'I rp.<br />

Ilcltonirus nr:t?ur T€mpl.ton<br />

IIclctumurus nlt ut \ar. ,nartarildri4 Wrnkcl<br />

H.Lror l,fus ^itldus var. poucid.nld<strong>la</strong> gllch<br />

L.pido.yrtuj rrrDlc&s Dcnis<br />

L.pido.Urlw sp.<br />

?ornoc.ru, longicomk (lu0lcr)<br />

?orro..r&r t<strong>la</strong>r6..n5 (Tullbcrg)<br />

Tomoc.rut minot (Lnbbock)<br />

?omoc.flrs oultq.i! (Tullbcrg)<br />

Dicutloma aba (Lln'IE,<br />

Dicg o'/ia mi/ru<strong>la</strong> (O. Frbdcius)<br />

,i./rlornd fus.a Lubbock<br />

Neelu! murinu, Folson<br />

Anhopalikt prrlndals (W.nlcl)<br />

Smln,rltr'ut sp.<br />

Cofiode,'t<strong>la</strong> (d.cL. ,/\. D a d o n nc l)<br />

.Gpiprocu! lxcrTxru. Rambur.<br />

.knpkra (fi^l ncdcterminat)<br />

M.co plt a (maL ncdctcrminat)<br />

Trichopt .a (aleL L. BotottrncaDu><br />

IlltdroryU:chc <strong>pe</strong>lluctdul/.a Cttrl'<br />

Rhu aco p hlld <strong>la</strong>sc l al.l Ha 8.<br />

nhuacaphi<strong>la</strong> sp.<br />

Rhuocophilo tirtdr PlcL<br />

Philopo<strong>la</strong>mus mon<strong>la</strong>nlrs Don.<br />

Philopotamw .p.<br />

Lvp. ,.duc<strong>la</strong> Hag,.<br />

Sl.!@phg<strong>la</strong>x Dib.a tp.Iuncorum McL<br />

E.clkop/.rUginq.<br />

IUmc no pLta (mat. [cdctcmlDAt)


lr^RcA&at Dutlllllt6cu d coi^j].<br />

lrorrnlci(he (dct. 1V. It n e c h t c l,<br />

Triplrosa saDdudid<strong>la</strong> Dup.<br />

Cdmponolus ragus Scopoli<br />

Crambidae<br />

Chlhono<strong>la</strong>sius mixlus Ny<strong>la</strong>nder .Dlplcrd(dct. Anca Biliccacu)<br />

.illu.mi.d rlrinodis Nl'<strong>la</strong>rdcr<br />

M.ssdfa sarndrfsi Curtis<br />

Lcplolho rE wlondcri Fo€Ist(rr Limnobia nubeculosa Mg.<br />

Tcltamofium cacspihnt Lir\ E Eccoplomcta cmaryinolq Loc<br />

Colcopt rd (.leL- Y. D c c u)<br />

Excchia magnicaud.a Lundst,<br />

.Duuqaiur (Duooliolri) lcptii Mdl, 8''.llia sp.<br />

Duoolir.s sp. Spaolpld lcplo<strong>la</strong>tlcr \Yifi-<br />

,Trcch6 (s. str.) quddrt'sLidlrs Schrank llclom!.a s."].ruIa L-<br />

Qu.dir.t (.itlicrossdunrs) m.som.linus Hclom|,zilbrachuplcrnal-oc$.<br />

Qu.diur sp. Lirnosiaa ,it dlica llg,<br />

L.!l.rrd monlico<strong>la</strong> liics$'. Culct pipict|5 L.<br />

rlloconolc sp. Bolilophi<strong>la</strong> corona<strong>la</strong> Maycr<br />

Dionoui coc.ulcrcens Gyll. Thelida abicolnis Mg,<br />

Ilhcld (,.fcnofd) macroptcv B$trh. nrtlrmoria sp.<br />

.llrtc<strong>la</strong> sp. Niclcriri.I ,crok \Ycslwood<br />

'l'richoccrido.<br />

Oc(Ida tt.o<strong>la</strong> Slcph,<br />

A|alhidium sp- PhorilJac<br />

Crtplophagus sp. Culicida.<br />

llomaria sp. Namalocatc<br />

Chol.od angus<strong>la</strong><strong>la</strong> F-<br />

Doltchopodidac<br />

Cho|ua g<strong>la</strong>uca BtiIL. Lg.o ida.<br />

Soprrocrd.<strong>la</strong> dd.ica Icn- S.prldac<br />

Dorcsdion sp.<br />

Scalop <strong>la</strong>c<br />

Psc<strong>la</strong>phldoc<br />

Trgp.Iidttc<br />

Corab <strong>la</strong>.<br />

Tipulidlrc<br />

Lcpid.opt rd (dct. lll. Gcorgescrrt<br />

Chtronom luc<br />

Nldilin a fuscipun.tcl<strong>la</strong> H$.<br />

Stntuliidac<br />

Ilonopis ot|hidani Gcotg- Cypselidac<br />

A.gonoplctlJE dumihcicui Gcorg,<br />

|'3lchodidac (det, F. Vrtl<strong>la</strong>nt)<br />

D.prcssotta pcnlft.ri Rcbcl<br />

Psychoda c'minea E^ton<br />

S.olioplcrur Libabix L. Psltchoda s.rrerini<br />

'l'tiphosa dul)ilu<strong>la</strong> L.<br />

noir<br />

parlhenol<strong>la</strong>nalica 'ton-<br />

VERTEBRATE<br />

Crrt?opl.ro (ilct. lL Dumitrcscu) Spa<strong>la</strong>x lctrcodon(hutrtatict lft,nsittxtnict ,<br />

.<strong>la</strong>rftnolopnustcffxrtcqur-rrumSchr(.bcf<br />

Apo.,.musf<strong>la</strong>oicol|J<br />

Irriaolopiusrtri,pcriddosBechsteh<br />

Apodemusslloolicttsl-.<br />

llvolis mll,olis Borkhausen Aroicoltr Lt sttis L.<br />

NJc<strong>la</strong>ftn noclu<strong>la</strong> Sclllcbcr lltiffolds natd<strong>la</strong>s l\tartins<br />

Ilinioplcrus scfi.€ilersii IiiUrl .lticrolus drralis Pall.<br />

Prprsh.llus pipislr€llus Schrebcr<br />

Inseclivorg<br />

J,lc.o{ns auslriacus Fischcr Etinaceus rumanicus Blrrct F<strong>la</strong>nlilton<br />

,qrbaslcl<strong>la</strong> ,(ll-rslellui Schrcbcr lionr araneus 1,.<br />

ncshtti schclclicc (dct. ll. Dunritrcscu)<br />

Ncomts /odicns Schrcbcf<br />

Roltnlia<br />

Qhitopleru<br />

6lis ,13 L.<br />

.ltrolis Uolls Borh.<br />

Cricalus aaicrkls L,<br />

Muolis rn!|stdcinlls liiil


67 CONIRIA0rII IN Afi'DN'', PE ,ISBII,OB DTN BBC.III'!'EDOARA<br />

FAUNA TAPIDICOTA DIN VECINATATEA INTRARII PE9TERITOR<br />

oligoctie<strong>la</strong> (del. Fr. Botea)<br />

Achac<strong>la</strong> c kctri (Vej(lovsky)<br />

Liacld sp,<br />

EnchlttaeLtt buchholzi \etd.<br />

Ftukrtcia 6p.<br />

F i.Lricid Dulrosd (Rosa)<br />

I r U., tc t d dlzrli ('D,iscn)<br />

F ldaticro cozora (Eisen)<br />

Ijr'6.ni.Zd &lra?dra (Savlgny)<br />

Allddot hoto sp.<br />

D.ndmba.na ruridd (Sav.)<br />

D.ndroba.nd. 6p.<br />

CasLropoda (dct. A. Ncgrca)<br />

Isopoda @ct. I. Tabaca!u)<br />

A.nadillidiun fticolor quinquesc (Ilunr<br />

(Vcrh,)<br />

Atnudillidlut sp.<br />

I'orcc io slr.<br />

Li ! idi un hU p not tuu (C|uiol,<br />

//rloniscut sp.<br />

Diplopoda (del. L Tabacaru)<br />

Polltaur ldgurus (Linn6).<br />

Cgllndrctulus llr.idus (C. L, ltoch)<br />

Chromaloiulw uniliiialtrr (C. L. Koch)<br />

T ! p hlolulut slriclus Latzcl<br />

Atcosptln,pphora<br />

Polvd.tmidae<br />

Simpiigaa (de|. I. Tabaciru)<br />

Scdllg.r.l<strong>la</strong> sp.<br />

I<strong>la</strong>ntcni.I<strong>la</strong> nio.a Scp.<br />

Cliilopoda (det. tt. Negrcs)<br />

L hobius {L., erulhroc.phalut L. K.<br />

Lllltobius (L,, crvlhrocepialur s.rluLai Vcrh,<br />

Ltlhobl6 (L., mutobilk L. K.<br />

Ltlhobiur (L.) lo'ficatus L.<br />

Ii&orius (L.) sp.<br />

L hobius (M.) burz.n<strong>la</strong>ndlcut burE n-<br />

<strong>la</strong>ndicut v€rh.<br />

.LllruDiut (M.) sp.<br />

G.ophi[doc (rt L. nedetehrinat)<br />

Pt udo'forpion lza(eL M. DumItrc66u)<br />

Chltt0, ut Mirodacldut Tomlisvrry<br />

Crrlrloaidr(E) At@tufo<strong>la</strong>s (P!€yr!lc.)<br />

Cft0bniur L.ufl<strong>la</strong> Bcicr<br />

Cf /ioniur midtopftlrlolmtrs n. ssp.<br />

Cftlrtonlut dioprl/idl'}flrs Deday<br />

Ncobkium blolttoides (Tdm63very)<br />

N.orisium ca.pa,icum Beier<br />

N.obkium luscima M (C. 1. Koch)<br />

Nrotltium sP.<br />

Rftoncut sP.<br />

Chon.lrltv clic,|Iu (Wcst) Ehrrmnn<br />

Vilrro diqprtdna Sludcr<br />

Vllr.d Lorurylrqrica Clessin<br />

,I3.!3 p.rrpacrfuu! ltegcrlc<br />

Sp.,,odk.ut Lia.id (FriN.) Rossm.<br />

Acanlhhrul(l d.ulcd<strong>la</strong> lutrller<br />

lcJculq simllis Rclnh dt<br />

Actc,Jj<strong>la</strong> (P., oltcnica NGgrEa<br />

zoailoid.r rrilidus lll{iller<br />

Orlchthn g<strong>la</strong>b.r (Slude.) Fdr.<br />

O,tu<strong>la</strong> do,iolum (Brug$rc)<br />

.{tidd Flrncn{llm Dmp.<br />

Ldci^iaria plicah Drap.<br />

Lacin<strong>la</strong>r<strong>la</strong> (S,l t,etur<strong>la</strong> slriofald (L. Ptelflcr)<br />

LacLnarta (1., r,rrr'collis (Rossm.)<br />

eUcbona (I:austina, /auslind Rossm.<br />

Carlcrrlum mlnimu.lt Mliller<br />

Aeltopin Ua r.,ura Aldcr<br />

Aclopln lld niLns Aldcr<br />

Cq..llicppq rud.ica nliillcr<br />

Volori0 puLrr.l<strong>la</strong> Miillcr<br />

{,lochlo<strong>din</strong>a lumiIoto \lo'rtag|r<br />

Itu b pcrqtu Mitllcr<br />

Argna sp.<br />

C<strong>la</strong>ulili <strong>la</strong>c<br />

ZonlllLlu.<br />

Oplllon.r (dct. St. Avram)<br />

Scololrmops dacicus RrYr.<br />

|olrull.t nrpa./o.nis (Scopoll)<br />

lrogulus sp-<br />

Dic.ano<strong>la</strong>smo scdr.rm (Ilerbst)<br />

Nemasloma (Ittgtthrcslorna, lugur.. (lliltlcr)<br />

N.masloma (L gub.osto'J.o) lugul't. uni-<br />

Nemarslomd sp.<br />

lrl llosloma elega ns (Socrcnscrl)<br />

Liob u nu m I olundum (L alr.)<br />

Nelma sp.<br />

dt,/i onnu<strong>la</strong>lus (Olivicr)<br />

Oltgolophus ,.id€ns (C. L. l(och)<br />

ldcinilrs 5P.


luRqanET<br />

Dv![I:tRDsco 3r col] t].<br />

,acinirs ioDrd&s (Panzer)<br />

Iopiopilro tarpinoris (I-Iqbst)<br />

litdcnxs conr.ars C. L. Itoch<br />

I><strong>la</strong>llJbunus buctphalus C. L. lioch<br />

/rdnc(c (dct. II. Dumitrcscu)<br />

T iltnocca obsctta (lvalckcnacr)<br />

,tmaurorius lcncstralls (Strocnr,)<br />

lrn<strong>la</strong>u nb ius crousllorius (Hahn.)<br />

,lrna.r.obids sp.<br />

,Usilffo sp.<br />

S cA c s|r ia scnocu I a<strong>la</strong> (L.)<br />

Pnolcus prrol(lntioidcs (FrcssliD)<br />

Crgphacca pirint P. Drcusky<br />

,lg.lcna similis licyscrling<br />

CJrd.rs tcl'icrs (C. L. lioch)<br />

Cyrdcns anoxJlnrrxrr (l-. lioch)<br />

?ttmaria sirrcsllrs (L. Iioch)<br />

Tcqcnaria alrica C. L, Iioch<br />

Tegenarie sp.<br />

Cicurind ci.urcd (Fabricius)<br />

.norcrlus sp.<br />

.rucra mffianae (Scop.)<br />

^le<strong>la</strong> tcti.rleta L.<br />

Ilc<strong>la</strong> rclicu<strong>la</strong>ta rrcng.i (Bl.)<br />

Neslicus cclluranns (Cl,)<br />

irandd .earmrrii Scop.<br />

I,oil homma .onrrrum ($'cstring)<br />

Porrhommt sp.<br />

Leplhuphantcs leprosus (Ol ert)<br />

Lc pthw llnn/ s lcnuis (B]ackt)<br />

Leplhgpha tcs sp.<br />

Ccnhomerus n. sp.<br />

Agincta sp.<br />

Slrloptrord eoncolor (\\ider)<br />

Li nV p hia mo n<strong>la</strong>na (Clct.k)<br />

Linuplria lo.ldnsis Sundcvall<br />

Ilicroma<strong>la</strong> sp.<br />

Balhu pl'antcs nirrmus (\Ycslrhrg)<br />

Di t,Ioc.phalns c.isldlos (D<strong>la</strong>ckv)<br />

D i ptocc p hotu s <strong>la</strong>lilrons (cbr.)<br />

Ocdolnorat /uscus (B<strong>la</strong>ckN)<br />

Ocdollvrat sp.<br />

Pci.copsis elongdld (Widcr)<br />

Gonalium sp.<br />

Iiocr(lnun<br />

Cr'apnosd sp.<br />

rapico<strong>la</strong> (\valck)<br />

Parilo$a c. L moaosc L. X.<br />

LlJcostu<strong>la</strong>c<br />

Gdrndsidcs (nrat. Dcdctcrnrinat)<br />

I'crgumusus sp,<br />

T hrombidii ae (nrat. Dcdctcrnrinat)<br />

Oriralci (dct. Jana<br />

Tanasachl)<br />

Gdllr/tn/ <strong>la</strong>.sipcnfl ald Oudcmans<br />

Trichoribales lrimecu<strong>la</strong>tus (C, L. Koch)<br />

t0uzeles ttc inul (C. L. lioLh)<br />

Schelo/.ibalcs rdcrigdlus (C. L. l(och)<br />

tl<strong>la</strong>tcnrcfte a rilrirrcs (C, L. I(och)<br />

I llclha <strong>la</strong>b icus (ttulczynski)<br />

,dmaus rerlicilrpcs Nicolct<br />

,ameus sp.<br />

,ameus onuslus (C. L. Iioch)<br />

Li.rcants slobosfts (C. 1,. l(och)<br />

Ccr.rloltid rDilrir (lrcrnHntr)<br />

I'hau oppi.i lucoru', (C. L. l(och)<br />

,iplurd<br />

onat. r€dctcl.mirot)<br />

flrusanllfd (nal. ncdctcrDrinat)<br />

Collcmbolo (nat. '\t. Gr uia)<br />

Teltudonlhoplnn ricndfcnsrs w:lga<br />

Ongehi 'ns atmalus (Tt'llb.) Gisin<br />

Onrcrriurus .ririricus (Tullbcrg)<br />

Onycrrir.us lcrricol( ttos.<br />

Onrcft iurus rcclopdpiltalus Stach<br />

,solomurus palrslris (Miiller)<br />

E, omobrgo muJcorunl Ni€olct<br />

D nlomobrlJd dorralis Uzcl<br />

E nlonrobrvtl mrrmscollild Rcutcr<br />

O.cies.llo orienldlis Stach<br />

Orchesclld cdrpdrica loncscu<br />

Orcrrcsfl<strong>la</strong> ponlica Stach<br />

Orcrwc<strong>la</strong> re.oflrcfmica Stach<br />

Orcicscl<strong>la</strong> hT.rsciold Ni€olct<br />

elxro]'r.urus nilidus var. maryati<strong>la</strong>ric<br />

Lcpidocltrlus p$a.lo s Uzal<br />

Lcpidoclj us scrl'r.rs D(|tris<br />

Lctidocltrtus sp.<br />

T oinoc€rus longicotnt., (trliillcr)<br />

fomocdus far.rccns (Tuuberg)<br />

fomoc€rus mino. (Lubbock)<br />

fomocffds t,ulg'dtis (Tullbcrg)<br />

Tomocer us btutlotli Dcrris<br />

Cypftodcrls dlrirlus Nlcolct<br />

Cll pho.lcrus bidsnliculdllrs (I'arona)<br />

smintrrlrus lu,,octii Tuub€rg<br />

DiclJtloma minu<strong>la</strong> (O. Fabricius)


69 COIIIIIIIII'I(I IJA $TUI'IVL PDETNIiIIOTT DD{ BEO. IIIJIIEDOAIiA<br />

17<br />

Plccoptata-Ephcmcrq<br />

(dct, I. T r b s cc ru)<br />

Lcucha nign l


Mll|C^llt,itrr Dul|lm|if!C'(' rl COLAD.<br />

Po homma sp.<br />

LcpIhU pho'nlcs o<strong>la</strong>.rtu (B<strong>la</strong>ckw,)<br />

Lcplhl/phantcs troDipcs (B<strong>la</strong>cliw.)<br />

ttplhg phantes lcproius (Ol crt)<br />

Lcplhuphanlcs sp,<br />

)Ieionc<strong>la</strong> fusciqalpk (C. L, lioch)<br />

Diploc.phalus crrtlotus (B<strong>la</strong>ckw.)<br />

CIxbio^Iddc<br />

Dtasrodcs <strong>la</strong>pidosus (Walck)<br />

Cndp,losa sp.<br />

Salltcur i.crrcus (Cl.)<br />

Sillicus ptrr.sccns (Fabr.)<br />

Sillicu6 sp.<br />

Ulo[orrtd sp.<br />

Oonow domcslicus Dc Dalmas<br />

Pordda morosd (L. K.)<br />

ly.osa n.nrordlis Nstr.<br />

Cdrnasi.lcs (nrat. nodctcrDrinat)<br />

Caccuiidoc (nEt. [cdclcrmi al.)<br />

Cdecxlus sp.<br />

Thron bidiidoc (mrt. ncdctcrminat)<br />

llhagidiidac (nrat. DcdctcnDinat)<br />

O.irotci (det. J. Tanrsachi)<br />

Gdlfi na(t .r<strong>la</strong>flrs (Hornr{rn)<br />

6dftunttd ncn osu3 (Dcrlcsc)<br />

Gal|,lnna .Iimatus (C. L. lioch)<br />

Gdlltrnro dorsdftt (C. 1,. Iioch)<br />

Trichorihal.l ttima.ulolus (C. L. Kocb)<br />

Chamobolcscuspidalus ichacl<br />

Scrrclofiralcs <strong>la</strong>coitolra (C- L. Iio€h)<br />

Scrrcloribalcs pailiA<strong>la</strong>s (C. L. I(och)<br />

Nol/rutu8 paluslri6 C. L. Iioch<br />

Gltmnodo'mcK ,a.o.rlotrl5 (C. L. Itoch)<br />

Ggmnot<strong>la</strong>m.us /crrmrdlr8 (c. L. Koch)<br />

Phaullotrpia luco.utr (C. L. lioch)<br />

l,i(Icaru5 dc,lrs Pschon-Nalchcr<br />

,tpfxrd (m!t. mdctcrnrinat)<br />

r]ltsonurd (nrat. ncdctc.minat)<br />

Col]embold (daL, I{, Gruia)<br />

Ongchlurw a nd.lus (Tulb.) G<strong>la</strong>ln<br />

X.nifld rnarrlind Tullbog<br />

Pscudodtn a d't-ipictrs \tr. oculidcntit<br />

cruh<br />

E nlomob 4t o do $al I s Uzcl<br />

Orcrr.stlld carpdlico loncscn<br />

OrcLs.alo pon{i.a Stach<br />

Ordl.sdl4 rdlcdnlco Stach<br />

Orcldstllo,itasciolq Nicolct<br />

Orch.tcllo sp.<br />

Willoursid n.?rumocxld<strong>la</strong> (Lobbock)<br />

Irp lo.gttus r?Irldrs Dcnis<br />

Lcpidoctllus purudotrs Vzcl<br />

L. p ldoqJ rlus c&rolcolis Bourclol<br />

L.pittocutttts sp.<br />

romocd.ss traoBccnr (T llbcrg)<br />

f,m.,cclus longirrtnis (Ilullcr)<br />

lbmocc.us ainor (Lubbock)<br />

Tomoce.us rrtgo.i3 (Tuub-)<br />

smritlrrn.us tu,rocr(i (Tullb.)<br />

,icrrloma tusca (Krausb.)<br />

Thllsanoplu (dct, W. K cchtcl)<br />

It.ttlolhrits .{tulirgu.n.lus trztl<br />

Phltrcolhrips dotrac.lls Iltrliduy<br />

Ilctctoplqa (N l. Dcdctcrnrinqt)<br />

.4prridd (nlol. ucdctcrninat)<br />

Hllrr<strong>la</strong>noPlcra (mrt. ncdctcnnlnat)<br />

JL'olmaca<strong>la</strong>. (dct- W. ltncchtcl)<br />

Lcplothortx luD.ruft Fabricius<br />

T elr amor i u,n cacrpiltm Linnc<br />

tolius (Cr runoldsiu!) mi:'rui Ny.<br />

Idlius (cl lronoldlius) f<strong>la</strong>ous I'rbr.<br />

Idritrs dt<strong>la</strong>nus Focrstcr<br />

T.ltu,,ror il,l.nt fttor Iluzsky<br />

Colcoplcrs (mat. ncdctcllrlinal)<br />

Coc.ln.lld sp.<br />

Diplcrq (m{tcriar ncdctcrminat)<br />

FAUNA ACVATICA EPIGEE DIN PIRIUL PONORICIUIUI<br />

Illtdruchncl<strong>la</strong>c (del. J. Tanasachi)<br />

,S<strong>pe</strong>..rron ridndulosns l(oenikc<br />

S<strong>pe</strong>.crroropsis Dc..u.oi.l (Protz)<br />

Lcbarna (Leb., matlioi Thor<br />

Lcbcrliq (I'iIo-, uio<strong>la</strong>crd Viets<br />

Toft .nli.o<strong>la</strong> cliti.d }<strong>la</strong>glio<br />

Akaclidrt nodipalpis nodi)(t,k Thor<br />

.4,ronopris trocilis (Picrsig)<br />

,rllr.rs spatulitcr l,icrsig<br />

P|.rapl(f,a-Ephcmen (dcl. I- T r b a c a r u)<br />

Habtoph.lbia sp.<br />

I<strong>la</strong>btophlebia ldu<strong>la</strong> trIc. Laclrlqn<br />

Ps.olcplophtl,bilr suDt arrinalo (Stcphcns)<br />

Ecttl,otturus h.lrclicus (Eaton)<br />

'Ir ichoplcv (:'nrL. n(dct€rnrirrat)<br />

colcottlcrd ( ^t. lodct€nninat)<br />

Dirfcro<br />

(mst. ncdctcrnf rr:It)


CONTR]TI]fN ',{ STUDII'', PtsBTII'ILON DIN Ii'G. IIUI{EDOANI<br />

Considerolii preliminore osupro founei sublerone <strong>din</strong> zono<br />

corsticd o Munlilor Sebet ti versonlul nordic ol Mqsivului<br />

Retezot<br />

Diu cercetd,rile cfectl<strong>la</strong>to plnd in prezent u*tpta <strong>la</strong>unei subtcrana<br />

<strong>din</strong> <strong>pe</strong>qterile studiate, rezult6 cd fauna a,cvat'ici €ste mei bfue reprezcntati<br />

prin s<strong>pe</strong>cii fuoglobii aleclt fauna tlo nevertebrato tere8tre.<br />

Dintre reprezentantii faunei acvatico putem moniiona batino<strong>la</strong>ceele<br />

iliD. nisipurile aluvionare ale cursului subteran <strong>din</strong> $ura Marc, NiTtlwrgus<br />

longicaui<strong>la</strong>tus mt"uimus, Nipkargus Bp., Pkagoael,a, Ep., Denilrocoal,wn (Dmilrocoelid.es)<br />

spheropkall,us qi Dend,rocoel,um sp., recoltate ali[ bazhelc<br />

qi dopresiunile cu api, <strong>pe</strong>riodici tliu <strong>pe</strong>gterilo : Gura Cetd,$ii, Ga,ura, Oanei,<br />

(<strong>la</strong>ura, lui Cocolbea gi Pegtera <strong>din</strong> Valea Cheii,<br />

In ceea ce privegto fauna ale nevertobmte terestre, se constatl c[<br />

Ield, alo numi,rul maro do s<strong>pe</strong>cii ^adunate diu <strong>pe</strong>qteri (1?6), celo troglobii<br />

sint intr-o inferioritato cvidontE. In a,fa,ri als Bo?lirockae<strong>la</strong> i<strong>la</strong>aica (cndamich<br />

Peqterii dc <strong>la</strong> Tccuri), mai putem semndo <strong>din</strong>he colembolo pa Arthopa-<br />

Iite6 I,ygm6eus, ia,r' <strong>din</strong>trs p{,ian;eni <strong>pe</strong> Troglokyphantet kulczgtlski gi<br />

Neslicus puteorum. Iiestul faunei <strong>din</strong> cele 16 pEteri esto reprezentat prin<br />

spccii troglofile sau subtroglolilo ii hogloxcns.<br />

O interprctare tlefinitivd, asupn, ca,ractoristicii qi originii faunei<br />

terestre subterane <strong>din</strong> zona, studiatd, nu o putem da lncd ileoareco majorilia,tc..r<br />

lct<strong>terilor</strong> sint cursuri subtcrane actiyo, f6rl galerii Bccundarc<br />

pld,sitc dc api, sau cu etaje losile qi lipsirdu-nti datcle biospcologice suficiertc<br />

de pc o supm,fatt mai vasti a regiunii, nu se pot urmiri liliatiils<br />

diferifilor reprezentanti ti rapartilia lor paleo-zoo-geograficd.<br />

Totugi, referindu-tre <strong>la</strong> datelo geomodologicb amintite, <strong>la</strong> existenfa<br />

<strong>la</strong>cului ale <strong>la</strong> sfirqitul pliocenului, clue acop€lea tntrcaga dopresiuno d<br />

Ea{egului plni <strong>la</strong> o altitudiD.e dc ?69 m, qi <strong>la</strong> retragerea lui treptatd ll<br />

culsul cuaternarului, putem alirma c{ fauna acvatic6 subtennd a a11rt,<br />

in aceastd, zond,, condij,ii prieluice de formare gi popu<strong>la</strong>rc a mediului respcctiv.<br />

Para,lel cu coborirea nivelqlui <strong>la</strong>cului a lnceput gi activitatea de eroziune<br />

qi coroziune a a<strong>pe</strong>lor curgitoare asupra calcarelor, acfiune cu atit<br />

mai puternicd cu cit denive<strong>la</strong>rea tlevenea mai accentuatI.<br />

Il,eteaua subtemni continu6 si sa<strong>pe</strong> <strong>pe</strong>qteri cu diferenle dc nivel<br />

piui, <strong>la</strong> 400-500 m ($ura Mare fli Clenci),<br />

Daci, ne lnsugim lunctul tle vedere al lui Ii. Jeannci ln.legd,-<br />

l,urri, ou rlsplndirea, Ia,unei egoidiene <strong>din</strong> ilpii Dinarici pini in l3ihor iu<br />

l,impul nioccnului, csto natural sd admitem gi popu<strong>la</strong>,rea regiunii lluncdoart<br />

cu rcprezentanti a,i acestei fa,utre. In zoaa studiatd,, fauna ale origino<br />

egeidian[ a putut di,inui izo<strong>la</strong>t[ <strong>pe</strong> furd,l$imile rbmase nesubmerso do apa<br />

<strong>la</strong>cului desprc care am vorbit.<br />

S<strong>pe</strong>ciile troglobii gisite ln <strong>pe</strong>qterile <strong>din</strong> Mun{ii Sebeq slnt rolictele<br />

acestei fa,une, cere, o a<strong>la</strong>ti, cu schimbarea climei, au pihuns, i!. parte,<br />

prin fanl,e in urediql subteran. Multe <strong>din</strong>tre acesto s<strong>pe</strong>cii probabii c6<br />

tlLiesc ti azi in fante 6i numai urelo alintro ele au migrat tn <strong>pe</strong>fteri, atunci<br />

cind contlitiile a,u Iogt favombile. Iietragerea lor lnapoi ln Iarts e8to<br />

posibild, ,;i ea, ar cxplica un fapt observat tlo noi asupra migrafiuuilor


EO<br />

MAlLCAlllr'lA DUlt ITR I|SCV sl COLIB.<br />

h timp r llnor spccii cturc ir,p&l li disp&r ilin <strong>pe</strong>fteri <strong>la</strong> intclvolc dc mai<br />

nulti .r.rri.<br />

I<strong>la</strong>zindrr-lc pc 1u{,ilelc cxcmplc sigrrrc pc carc lc l)rltcnl utiliza<br />

Ieutru srrstiucrcir tezei llspiudirii faunei egeidieuc sprc nord, mentionirn<br />

1rrezcnt& colcoptcrulu.i BoplLroclwcta rJ,aci,ca ln Pctltcrt cle <strong>la</strong> Tecuri (lult.<br />

1)r0 nr) fi 8. t'otki, in <strong>pe</strong>ltora, dc bub Pialna Saliqorylui (.l,It. ?00 m).<br />

Continuitntel, ri,spinrlilii accstor batisciine <strong>din</strong> Oltcnia lu lluncdoara<br />

.so hcc plin spcciilc gd,sitc in pcftcrilo de <strong>pe</strong> yalea Jiului do vo8tj, uudc sint<br />

ncDtiou&tc s<strong>pe</strong>ciile B. orglti.d,au,i, B. forld Di subs<strong>pe</strong>cia B. (Ccnr,al,l,o\ rei,ttcri<br />

'ttttl<strong>la</strong>vi.<br />

Pcrstc|a de l& Tecu , cn S. c<strong>la</strong>ci,ca, reprezinti cxl;IemitiDtc& nordici,<br />

:r arici do rispiadire ft accstui gcn.<br />

Un alt cxemplu pc care ll putem da se referi, <strong>la</strong> rcpartifir rcprezcntaD.f,ilol<br />

gcnului Ncsti,c,t s. Ilteresa,ntd cstc loct izarea spcciilor troglobii<br />

alo accstui gcn in zone bine delimita,te, <strong>din</strong> Oll,cnia pini in l\{utrfii Pidurca<br />

Cm,inlui. Discuiia rsrqrrr filinlici grupului dc spccii .;i r popullrii rncdiului<br />

cirvclnicol cstc insi-t, obiccl,ul uuci lrllio hrcrll'i.<br />

Iu acca,stii rotir, ne limiti,m a, moniiona prezenia lui Ncsliaus ptuleorNm<br />

tu majolit&l,ca <strong>pe</strong>ls<strong>terilor</strong> <strong>din</strong> l\[un!ii Scbepului.<br />

Lcgltura cu popu<strong>la</strong>liilc dc Ncttious n. sp. dil pcql,crilo diu zon"t Clogani-Tisrnanl<br />

parc 1r fi avut loc prin intcrmediul vlii suporiocro t! Ccrnci<br />

qi al viii Jiului tlc vcst, limitfl, nordici, .n uici de ri,spiudiro .r lui rYdsricxrs<br />

n. sp. Iiind vclsantul sudic tr,L trlrsir.ului Iictezat.<br />

ll,irspiudiren, llui N. Ttul,corwn, in pca[crile <strong>din</strong> Muntii Sebctgului pini<br />

<strong>la</strong> lfurcq. rcprezinti, o dt5 lopu<strong>la</strong>re subterani a vcclji fonDc cpigcc<br />

i! genurul.<br />

O da,tir, cu <strong>la</strong>uua, cavernicoli s-o adunat qi <strong>la</strong>und, <strong>la</strong>pidicoli ,ii litocl&-<br />

zicir <strong>din</strong> jurul pcl<strong>terilor</strong> studiatc. Din accst materia,l s-ru dotjcrl inel, pini<br />

acum !08 s<strong>pe</strong>cii, inr listelo intocmitc nc arat[ ci, in &fara spociilor ca,rrct()-<br />

risticc licclrui hrbitrt, un nrmir lcsttins sint cornunc cclor trci mcdii<br />

dc yirtl.<br />

Ilcnfiouir,tn citcl.a s<strong>pe</strong>cii <strong>din</strong>trc pliujcni:. Agel,cn,a titn,il,is, Cllbaeus<br />

aclricu,s, Lc.ptrlLlJ'pllq,i|l,cs Lc?rosxts, Potrhortm,a cotL't)cnuil Si Dipluccph,atu.s<br />

c,'islorlcd; dirrtrc lseudqscotpioni, Cldhoni,us letracllc<strong>la</strong>lu\ Ck. Lcruthi,<br />

iar clintrc colcmbole Onych,iurus a1'n&l,us, Orcllcsal<strong>la</strong> carpalico,, 'f'otu,ocerut<br />

t:tr.lgaris, I. ttr.i,nor Ei Lepidocllrlus sarbicus.<br />

Ubicvismul acestor spccii mai putin cxigcntc, mri cnritopc, cstc ,li o<br />

consccinf.ir ft couditiilot loc.r'le dc rrmiclit^ttc lii tempar&turd, calc lo Dclmit<br />

populucl, ltit, r zoDci dc l& iDtrir,rcir pq;tcrilor, cit ;i a cri,pi,turilol r{uDet-<br />

{icia.lc diu roci sau & biotopului <strong>la</strong>pidicol <strong>din</strong> vecirit&ta-<br />

Cu toatc cil in gcneral pcltorile <strong>din</strong> tr{untii ScbcS mr prcr, !ii[t oi,ul;rtc<br />

dc coloDiilc dc lilieci, existi 6i cxcepfia pc calc o fncc $ura, ll ,r't', in crrc<br />

s-au clcscoDcrit celc mai nuri colonii de hibornarc constituito <strong>din</strong> l'i2istrclluu<br />

Ttiltistrcllus li llilxiopterus sch,rcibusii.<br />

Inrcnsa, colonic de Pipisl,rcllus pi?ittrcllus cta<strong>la</strong>tl <strong>pe</strong> pcrctcle viiii<br />

subtclnDc lrr' o clistl|, f'5, do ttproxitnrtiv 200 m dc intrinrr, itulttctrtti, r'tt<br />

coloniilc mti mici diu crfpir,turi lnsuma,u mai multr dtr 100 000 dc irrtlivizi.<br />

Cu acclstir, ocirzic s-1, r'i,zut ci, nu totdcurtrur boltilc lil)Ni<strong>la</strong> rlc olltolll' sirrl<br />

cclc nrai bunc adi.postrui. l<strong>la</strong>ra:l, colonio do Dipistrci hibul ueirzir, in :lcctstai<br />

pcfterir, iD Dlin curert <strong>pe</strong> treiecLul viii subl,crouc.


CONIT'IIIUIII 'A SAUDISI, TAgTENU,OA DIN AEO. IrqNEDOARA<br />

Dtr,ci ne rcfcrim Ia indivizii de l:Iglotalus rno,ule gdlili po stircile <strong>din</strong><br />

Datul viii, ])rczcDfr, lor s-ar putoa explicc prin clderea lor fib ilin coloniils<br />

cc sc gLnul,u Ia 30 m lni,ltjmo, fic <strong>din</strong> fisurile porotilor. Deti <strong>din</strong> lit eratur[<br />

nu _!r cuno$c cxcmDle de arl4postiro o acestoi Bpscii tn <strong>pe</strong>gtori, noi sintem<br />

+ rrtl q doua c&zuri ca,ro confirmi ?osibilita,to& rotragorii ei fu unele<br />

imprejuriri qi tn <strong>pe</strong>gteri.<br />

, _-ln 1053 am g{sit ln <strong>pe</strong>gtora, Cioclovina cu Api numoroaso sc}oleto<br />

dc .,.N llcl,a.l%s ,r.ocrr{r@ incrusttte l-B calcita potlolei alItqri do mirgelele de<br />

chihlimbar, do s1jicl6, coloratid qi potloabe ile bronz <strong>din</strong> tezaurul iiaUstattian.<br />

Da,ci, l& data acestei tlesbo<strong>pe</strong>.rbi ilterprotaree a lost c6 s<strong>pe</strong>cia fli-ft<br />

schimb.Lt it t44pufui afinitatea p6ntru adtrpostirer tf <strong>pe</strong>qtbri,<br />

lcctificlrn, dupi "9"!$ l0 ad de cercetdri, aildugfnd cI totugi existl qi azi-cazurii<br />

destul d6 rarc, in care N, noatu<strong>la</strong> so rotrago ?entru hibernoljie in mediui<br />

suDlcron.<br />

ln rrurnir lcstrins do inilivizi mai putem somna<strong>la</strong> prozcDta sDeciilor<br />

Llltotis l,tyolis Ei l<strong>la</strong>r.bq.stelle borbastel,lus.<br />

, Oolrnii dolilicci rrlrr,i lul,in importantc au lost obscrvato rii irl pcrr[or:r<br />

Gur.r, Ccti,tii.<br />

.Listelc r1e {tun[ alc celor 16 <strong>pe</strong>Dteri stualiats sirt complctDl,o su s<strong>pe</strong>ciilc<br />

dc nramilc-rc alo cia.or rcsturi scholctico au fost gisito po potlerul shru<br />

b Iiridclc lor. ln gcneral iloruini s<strong>pe</strong>ciilo de roz[tolri, chirbpterc qi inscctiYorc<br />

;i tn num[r ]estrln8 c.l,rnivorolo.<br />

Ii,ozultatclc ccrccttrr'ilor nrhcologice,ti p,lcontologico obl,inuto <strong>din</strong><br />

u[,iuelc sripi,Luli r1i sondqc cfcctuato pili acum, ca Ei descoDc rcru tozturului<br />

lfrll$ta,ttia,r diD. Cioblovina cu ApI, ne a,mttr dd Btualiile ln a,cesstl<br />

dircctio in 1cftcrile regiunii Ilunetloara .\ror mai aalucc dato noi fi intorcsanic.<br />

Conhibution d l',6tude des grolter de lo r6gion de Hunedooro<br />

R6rt m6<br />

Les outcurri prdsentcut les tdsultats obtenus i <strong>la</strong> suito des recherches<br />

r.ItcctuCcs on lG glottcri du krrst bordant <strong>la</strong> ddprossion r.le Eafieg.<br />

In pluprrt dcs grottcs 6tuali6es [12] sont conceutrdes 8ur le vcrsant<br />

SO dcs motrts dc Scbcq (fig. 1). Sur le h0me vers&nt, plus au sud., so trou-<br />

Ycnt .los grottes: ( Pelterr do <strong>la</strong> Tscuri r. { Gaure O|nei E et ( Cotate{i<br />

Ilolii 'r.<br />

z\ <strong>la</strong> basc du versu,ni; nord du massif de Iietezat on rencontro h<br />

glottc do Gurr! Cotigii.<br />

. Cowiiliralioru gionwrptologi(Iucs: D'origilLo tecto quo 6rcsirrc, <strong>la</strong><br />

drlprersion de Ifafcg commence i i,csqrrisser dls lo M6sozoique. Dncnd!6e<br />

p,r,r des lignes dc fructurcs - les unes dvitlentos. d,autrcs discutebles - <strong>la</strong><br />

ddp|cssiorr ?roprcmcnt dita, dc formo triangu<strong>la</strong>,irc, a lo sommct oricnt6<br />

r-crs lc nord ct hu basc rcprdseutoe par <strong>la</strong> limite sei)tentriomlc du magsil<br />

(lc IictezDt (fig. !).


i]lcir\RrtT:\ l)llltll<br />

<strong>la</strong>lis(at qt cot,Ilr.<br />

Du cdt6 Ntrl s'dlivcnt lcs monts de Sebc$ et du c6td NO le tnassif<br />

dc Poilrr.& Il,usca, lo moins haut - ct cn rni'tuc temDs lc plus ttccnt de<br />

cos urflssifs.<br />

Du point dc r.ue pritrograpbique, ce qui constituo lc fondemcnl, de l&<br />

ddprcssion et, dcs hois massifs ce sortl 1es rocho$ cristallincsr les monts clo<br />

Scbcf et dc Poian& Rusce ap<strong>la</strong>rtenoDt i! <strong>la</strong> nap<strong>pe</strong> gdtiquc, ot lc rnassil dc<br />

Rctczat, i l'Autochtonc. Sur lcs vcrsants de cc denricl urassif, l'6rosion<br />

a effacd toute t<strong>la</strong>ce de nflpps g6tiq[c.<br />

Parmi lcs formations ?lus rdccntes, lcs couches daDienDcs ot l<strong>la</strong>lGogi'ucs<br />

solt rcmarquables ptu' lcur'B <strong>din</strong>'lcnsion$. Ccs oouohcs $'dttllcnt<br />

sur nnc grandc putic dc <strong>la</strong>, dtiplcssiou et do sr bordurc montlgtrcuse.<br />

Lcs couchc; les plus supcrlicielles du bassin de lIn{,cg sonl, drrol aux<br />

I)rocessus d'accuuru<strong>la</strong>Liol : les chamlls alluviountrirc$, tcr1'asses et cones<br />

lidmontans, AtrldrdN dtr mat(1ricl appoitd par lcs couls d'cLrux ir ddbit richc<br />

dcsccndan{, du mussif da I.letczult.<br />

Lcs crrlcaircs, cr m&joritd d'ir,gc jur':rssirluc, avtc (uolqltcs alflcurc-<br />

Drcntrs clrltrciiJ, Iolrrcri, ut]o llnldr: i, tlirccliotr Nlt-tio dtlns lcs rDonlis do<br />

Sabcs. Ccs cllcairc$ constil,ueut' aussi ]e fondcmclt du syllclirral ttc Siui{,a'<br />

rempli - de sablcs el, tle g<strong>la</strong>viers lcvtrntins.<br />

Dans cc sJ-nclinal a plis naissauco le couloir dc lld,nifa lrislrnt ftI<br />

liniriou entre <strong>la</strong>' ddpression de I<strong>la</strong>feg ct lc bassin du Jiu.<br />

Aujoulrl'lnifcc couloir cst draind par lc ruisscau do liiinitio qtti coule<br />

lcrs lc Jiu (iig. 3).<br />

llmm. tl c MrL]tonnc (1906),&pris lui D. IJurilcrunu<br />

(1C..19) croyaicnt qu'avant l.L naisszrnce du d6Jil6 de Lrr'iuici, p.tl'unc colri,rrrc<br />

Tc",r ll d{plcssiou sous-car?tti(luc d'Oltr3nic, <strong>la</strong> riYitrs du Jiu cou<strong>la</strong>il<br />

vcls l<strong>la</strong>leg.<br />

Les cleux autculs apluyaicnl, lcur affil'ma,l,iotl sur le fait tluc les<br />

ftralicrs rlc Birnite (.rlt. ?5C) s'a,ccordqaient .Lvcc los reittcs dc uiYclru<br />

< nliocinc ^ r dtt brrssitt dc Pctroqlni.<br />

Lcs rcchclcltc$ clicctudes p:rr N. Orghidan ont meni i d'rrtr.tres<br />

conclusioDs: lc luisseou dc l3luit'tl Dr6scul,c rtlrc teuitsso dc 10-15 n]t<br />

uI niTcau tle ti00 ur at uu ir,utrc dc 1 000 m, tous lcs tloi6 inuliutis duns l{J<br />

scDs du conrri a.ctttcl dc BiDilx; lcs gra,vicrs apputcntmt r|,u crisl,a'llin<br />

&rtochtonc (alti. ?59 rrr) orlt 6tC iransportis ltar lcs rtncicns afflueuts de<br />

Ilirnita. dcsccndaut du (rlist&lliu aul,ochtonc du massil dc Il,ctez.tt,. Cctl<br />

missdnux: R&chil&, Ba.rul ct Sari$orul Iurcnt ca,ptis ultdricurcmont el<br />

driviCs prl h liliilc Strciu v(1s ia dCprcssion dc I<strong>la</strong>fcg.<br />

lli colchtsion, <strong>la</strong> rir''idre dc Jiu n'a jamais couli vcrt Eafog. Ccl'tc<br />

rffiunrtioD. r'crrlorcc alssi I'hypotJrr)sc dc I'rurtdcrideilcc


coNTlUEfrTrr il. sfoDrvL lTSrEDlLon DtN rlllo. }IuMDo l,\<br />

dans <strong>la</strong>quelle M. A. Ma,muloa a mis en 6videnco quatre failles orientdes<br />

Nlt-$O (fig. 5).<br />

, I-.,es autcurs donnent ensuite Ia description tles 16 grottes ar.ec leut<br />

emp<strong>la</strong>cement, et les cara,ctdristiques sp6omorpbologiques, les valeurs des<br />

Iacteurs microclima,lriques et les listes alo <strong>la</strong> <strong>la</strong>uno aquntique ct tcrtestre,<br />

Parmi les Arotitcs i, couts souterrains, ( Sura Mare D et ( Grura lui<br />

Cocolbea u, sout les plus intCrcssantes du point tle vue origine €t dvolution.<br />

r $ura, Mare r I'une iles grottes les plus longuer, les plus profouales<br />

et 1es plus inlressionnantes tle notre pays n'a pu Ctie explorde que srrr<br />

un distarce dc 2 krn, i cause des grantles tliflicult6s rencontrdes srtr' lc<br />

trajct du cou,rs sonteuain.<br />

Crcustle dans le rnassif de Ijruntea, Ma'rs - entre les deux failles B<br />

ct, C (fig. 5, 77, 72, 13) -, $ura Maro stest d.6vcloppdo sur une longucur de<br />

4 lim ir vol d'ois€ou, marquaut uno aliffdlence de nivcau ile 400 n].<br />

D'rpris le trajet silucux de <strong>la</strong> portion explorde, I'on pcut tldduire<br />

quc <strong>la</strong> longucur als cettc grotto tldpasse ? hm.<br />

Quant :Lu tlcux insurgences formdcs au coDtacll dcs roches cristallines<br />

avec les ca,lca,ires, celle de Funclitura Ponorului (alt. 888 nl) cst<br />

impdndtrable, tanalis que celle ale Faia Dealului (alt. 900 m) prdscnte des<br />

possibilitds d'c>iplorntion.<br />

La fluoresc<strong>din</strong>e jetde dans I'eau de ces deux points d'a,bsorption a<br />

colord lir, rCsulgcncc de <strong>la</strong> rividre al'Oha,ba.<br />

Dn comparant le ddbit de <strong>la</strong> r6surgence avec celui dos deux insurgcnces,<br />

on conclut quc <strong>la</strong>, rivi0re tl'Ohaba, doit Otre alimentdc en outro<br />

par d'ilutres sources du rriseau souterrain non encore tldnich6ee.<br />

< La Grotte de Cocolbea l est repr{sentde par un complore tle trois<br />

6l,ages, dont, le supirieur est une galerie fossile, I'interm6tliaire, le cours<br />

d'elm intermitteut et l'inId;r'ieur, le cours d'eau <strong>pe</strong>rnaneDt (fig. 15, 16).<br />

Le point d'entrdc de I'ca[ dans <strong>la</strong> grotte est repr6sent6 par le siphon<br />

qui constitue lc <strong>la</strong>c supdrieur'. Ce <strong>la</strong>c est en <strong>pe</strong>rmanencc drain6 vers I'oxtdrieur.<br />

I'cndant l'dtd le urvea,u dq <strong>la</strong>c monte, consllitju&nt, le cours d'cau<br />

intermittent, avec <strong>la</strong> cascade haute tle ? m qui alimente le <strong>la</strong>c de I'dtago<br />

infdriour (1i9. 15).<br />

IJc troD-plein de celui-ci dome naissaarce au ruisse&r ?clmanent qui<br />

con-flue, lris de str sortie de <strong>la</strong> grotte, avec ure sourco veu&nt directernent<br />

du <strong>la</strong>c clu siphon supdrieur (i).<br />

I)end&lt l'bivcr le niveau de ce <strong>la</strong>c baisse et le cours tl'eau dc l'6tagc<br />

interm6dia,irc ccrsc dc couler. Pourtant le <strong>la</strong>c de I'dtase infdricur corrtrirrno<br />

d'alirncntcI Ic nrisscau pcrmancnt.<br />

La fluorciJc<strong>din</strong>e jctde - au mois do ma,rs - da[s le <strong>la</strong>c supiricur,<br />

a iltcnsdment colord <strong>la</strong> sonrcs (i) et trrls faiblement I'cau dn <strong>la</strong>c iuldrieur.<br />

Ce {ait ?rouve que cclui-ci accuse commo source d'alimeutation<br />

- outre le filct, d'eau qui s'dcoule du <strong>la</strong>c supdrieur - une a,utre sourcc dtt<br />

rdscru soutcr<strong>la</strong>in, pa,s encorc dCpistdo.<br />

Les grottcs : < Gaura Oanei r (fig. 26), ( Cetatea Bolii r, (fig. 2?-28),<br />

< Gaura lrintoanei r (fig. 14), celle de <strong>la</strong> Yallge de Cheia (fig. 8) de ( Irunc&<br />

Priporului r (fig. 20), ct tle(Gura Cetd,iiiD (Iig. 4) sont dgalemert des cour's<br />

d'earlx souterrains.


MAnGAl|DI.A Dvnlttri!ts(,u it cotur.<br />

Palmi les grolrtcs i! dimensions rdiluitcs, mais non moins intdrcssil,ntcs,<br />

orr doit rucntionncr <strong>la</strong>, grottc de llordul i\[u,ro (fig. 18, 19) dont<br />

lcs d6pirts tlc rcurplissl,gcs colticnncnt dc richos vosl,igoi clc f industric<br />

1u,'ldolitiquc, post-palCotitiquc ct nctucllc, ainsi quc dc nombrcux osscrncnls<br />

{ossilcs dc }Iammif0res qurutclnaircs. Ccl,tc Arottc a 6tri louilldc<br />

pllr lcs spCcialistcs rrch6ologues et palloltologues ot1trc lcs anndes 1910<br />

0l 1C55.<br />

T]& glottc tlc 'Iccuri est rcmat'quable par <strong>la</strong> richcssc et <strong>la</strong> llc.Irt(l rlo<br />

scs r:oulics strlrgmil,iqncs et scs fonnations cristallincs, notammcnt lcs<br />

rrrorroorist&ur tr&nsDirrcDts (fig. :f, ,r, 23, 24,25).<br />

De cc point dc yue ol <strong>pe</strong>ut <strong>la</strong>, considircr parmi lcs grottes lcs plus<br />

rcpldscltatil.cs dc Dotre pa,ys.<br />

Dans <strong>la</strong> grotte de <strong>la</strong> Yallic ilo Clcia on n Llouvd dcu uids dc cristitux<br />

romboida,ux, divclopp6s c<strong>la</strong>us <strong>la</strong> couchc d'algilc accuruuldc sur. lc$ Iolitris<br />

Ilrtl,cfolmcs dc lrr r.ull6c sou[crrtinc.<br />

D.rls <strong>la</strong>, lcllioulc uoiri,trc Ctrltlc sur lcs ctistuux ct ,.jur lo$ l)iuois,<br />

lc l)ol. G.AIrirrrrsirr $ rlis cn dyidcDcc rrn $ol d'Ur.irtriurn,<br />

Da,ns <strong>la</strong> glottc $ura Ma,rc lGs concr6tions solt r.tlrcs et lus plus spccta,-<br />

culir.ilcs appaDr,isscnt au-d.cli! de 800 m rlc l'cutrdc. Prrticulirircrrreut iutdl'cssants<br />

sont lcs ruassifs sta<strong>la</strong>gnlitd$ cn formc de clLampignous qui constitucnt<br />

lcs monumcntoux bar'l:agcs I t<strong>la</strong>vcrs lit, lr&1160 soutol.Iilino.<br />

I..rcs recho|cltos clfcctudcs sur li,t Iaunc soul,oltaiuc des {r'ol,tcs d<strong>la</strong>t<br />

didcs, ont montro qr\c <strong>la</strong> faunc &qurrtiquc est ruicu.x lcprriscutie pru dcs<br />

csp0ccs troglobios quc <strong>la</strong>, fauuc d'iuvcrtdbrrls tori'cstu'cs.<br />

Paruri les rcDr6sctr'tnnts de b faulc irrlluticlrrc, ou rnaut,i(,rrn9 lcs<br />

Blthl'ncl<strong>la</strong>"cics dcs sablcs ftlluyioquaircs du couls so[tcrl irr tle tjurru 1\Iarc<br />

ct' Nilthttrgtrs lottgicaudatus nr,arinurc, T iplrurgus slt., fialJo(rt(, s1t., J?c'rr,-<br />

drococLunt (Dend,rocoatid,cs\ spluaercplruLl,us, Dend,x.tcoel,uttt $p., r'ec[cillis<br />

dans lcs basrins ct lcs ddlrcssions I caux pdriotliqnc$ des glothcs: C rl}a,<br />

Coti,l,ii, Cruro Oanci, Gaura lui Cocolbe& et ccllo dc Lr, Valli:c dc Choiu,.<br />

Dn cc qqi conccrnc <strong>la</strong> <strong>la</strong>ule tles Irrr.ert6blCs tjorle$trcs, on ir, con$l,rti<br />

quc, par rlrppor t au g<strong>la</strong>nil uombre ilcs cspdcc$ r'ccucillio$ d ns los gl'otl,c$<br />

(176), lcs espices troglobies s'av0rcnt dans unc inldrioritd nutntriquo<br />

6Yidcntc.<br />

Outre lc Coldoptdre So2th,roclwc<strong>la</strong> daclco cnd{mique drrns <strong>la</strong> glottc de<br />

Teculi, on signalo -4rrlm?arires pllgmacus pnlmi los Colletnbolcs et lrogloltlJplLatutcs<br />

l;ulc:'yu,sl;i ainsi tluc Nasticus ptu;teontnr pllrtni lcs Ar'ligndcs.<br />

I-.res &utrcs 1?, cspdces sont tloglophiles ou sous-troglopltilcs ot<br />

t'r'osloxiles. -<br />

Il cst csrtcs pr6natrur! dc cloun!'r ulc intcrprttrrtiou dffiDitivc qu&nt<br />

ir, lrr, cnalctclisticgc ct ir, l'origiuc dc lr Irluuc suutclllinc tcuoiitlo do lt!<br />

zonc ctudiie.<br />

Une fois trcceptdc 1& corrcrfDtion dc J e rt rt n c I sur l& rdDorlil,iou<br />

clo <strong>la</strong> faunc dgditlicnnc, <strong>pe</strong>udunl, lc Miocdne, clcpuis lgs Al<strong>pe</strong>s Dintrriqucs<br />

:lusqu'au Brhor, il f.tut nussi admcl,tle le pcuDlctncut de <strong>la</strong> rdgion dc IIttDedoalr<br />

par les reDrissDtants de ccttc l&u.nc.<br />

Dans h zonc 6tuili6e, lcs cspiccs dgdidictrncs ont 1ru sc lcrpdtucr, isoklcl<br />

r;ur. lcs hirutcm's nou sttburcrg6cs I[,r'lcs cil,ux tlu lllc ltliocirto.<br />

L,cs cspdccs tloglobics - trottvdcs clu,us lcs glottes dcs rlorll,s do<br />

Scbcq - sout lcs lcliqucs dc cottc ltruno qui y on1; lxindl,rri pnr I'intouu!


(.oNTrutrunl In stoDltll, Paarl]Iul.orl DIN ltlic, nuNBDotlr,^<br />

diairo dos fissurcs. Il est probablo qu'nnc partie do ces reliques habiteni<br />

cncorc lcs fissulcs ot leur migra,tion I I'intdrieur des grottcs s'effectuo<br />

uliquemcnt dans dcs conditrons favorables.<br />

Comme exomples il'crtension de <strong>la</strong> Iaune 6g6iilienne vels le nord, on<br />

donnc, pa,rmi lcs Col6opt0res, les espCces Bop/uoclneb i<strong>la</strong>cina do <strong>la</strong> gmtto<br />

dc Tcouri et B. rotlti Jean, de <strong>la</strong> grotte ( <strong>pe</strong>ftera, do sub Piatra Sa,nqorului n.<br />

IJa continuitd d.a ces Balltysai,inae depuis I'OltCnie vers llunetloara, ste8t<br />

elfcctuGe par l.'intermddiaire des espCccs trouvdcs i<strong>la</strong>ns les grottes do <strong>la</strong>,<br />

vall6c ilu Jiu


U/|&C]|nI'rA DVnt r'StSCIt 3l CoLAn.<br />

Dans les fissurcs des parois s'rrblitent 6galcrrcnt de <strong>pe</strong>tites cololics<br />

de PipisttcLLut ptpittrdlus cL N yc<strong>la</strong>lut noclu<strong>la</strong>.<br />

Out'rc ccs espdccs, on u, tro[vd quelques individus isolds &ppaftcnant<br />

aux espdccs Barbaslcl,l,a barbus<strong>la</strong>l,l,tr.s cl .tllyotis lt llolis.On signalo <strong>la</strong> pldscnce,<br />

d.a N yc<strong>la</strong>tus nocluLa-<br />

Les listcs dc f&uno sont cotnDldtdes avcc lcs cspCces dc Mammif{)rcs<br />

alont 1es rcstes squelettiques ont itd trouv6s $ul le plitrchcr ou dans lcg<br />

nichcs dcs grottcs.<br />

Explicotion des ligures<br />

Ftg. 1. - Enlp<strong>la</strong>ccmcnt dcs grottcs dtudiics dans <strong>la</strong> r(tgion du lluncdoa.r.<br />

,1.- Pcrtcra Gura Cctitii,6-20lcs grottcs dc l, zoDc d'Ohabo, 2l - Pcttcnr Grrra Ornci, 28-<br />

Pctlclu Bolii,<br />

l'i{. i. -DCprrssion dc ll lc!,1 Gvtuisso grlorr|orDhoto{iqnc).<br />

l:ig. 3. - l,c couloir dc lJirulll (csquisrrr ctlrLoitrrphi(luc).<br />

Fig. .1.- I'ottcra Gur.! CcLnlii (pltD).<br />

l;ig. 5. - Lcs grottcs (lc l.r zouc d'Olrob .<br />

0-.t'c{lcra (lin Bot(ti., 7 -.I'ottcrx Crurx Cocotului., s -.I'o$tr:ra (lin Volcr<br />

Chcii ', C - | P$Lcra avcr <strong>din</strong> licsul r,cordcl ', lt) - . l'c$|.c.:t <strong>din</strong> ntrlul drcpt rl Ohttbci ',<br />

12 - ( PqLcrx $Lrra Urrc ', 1,1 - rPqtcrs GLrtfa li'rirlox oi ', l0 - * l'o{tor.r lui Co€olbo:r.,<br />

17 -- ( Potlcca Grura Oprilci r, 10 - Lcs groLl.cs do Bordul }trrc, 20 -. Pc$Lcrr diu LtrDcr<br />

l'rip0ftrlui r.<br />

liilt. 6. - r Prftcra dir Doluri ' (Dlnu).<br />

Fig. 7. -.l'cttcm Caurn Cocotulli r (plnn).<br />

l.'ig. ti. - . l)$Lcrn ir Vrlur Chrii | (pl:rn).<br />

Fig. $. - r l'ctl-crx rvrr <strong>din</strong> $csul l,cotdci, (0l.ttt).<br />

Irig. 10. - ( l,citcm crur{ dir rmlul drrpt rl olrrbct ' 0r<strong>la</strong>n).<br />

Fig, 11. -.Pcfl-om $ufu lt.trc t. lltstlrgcocc dc Ia riviirc souLcrruino d'Ohaba.<br />

Fig. 12. - r Pcttcn $ur.r llurc, (p<strong>la</strong>u),<br />

Fig. 13. - . Vuc s r l.r polic dc l'urdirl-rri Ponorulri,<br />

FiS. 1.1, -. Pqtcrn Guum Frtnioittol. (p<strong>la</strong>n).<br />

ljig. 15. - . r'cttera lul Cocollrcr.. Vuc (tc I'cntriu.<br />

l.ig. 16. - .l'ctLcra lui Cocolbcr , (!lxu).<br />

ljiA. 17. - . l,L'rlo<strong>la</strong> GAurr Oprilci { (phu).<br />

I;ig. 18. - r Pc$ttrr nlAro dir Bordol tr<strong>la</strong>ro '. Vuc do I'onLric.<br />

Fig. 19. - .I-cs grottc$ dc Bordul }lu'c o)l.rns).<br />

FiS. 20, - r Pc$Lcra dir L 'lcl Priporului | (Ptar).<br />

Fig. 21, - . Pcstcra dc l:t 'lccuri. (pldr).<br />

FiS. 22. - . Pqtera de t{ Tccuri. - Coul0c prrid<strong>la</strong>lc dc Ia gdiric prlnclPalc, sccLcur ll.<br />

Irig. 23. -. Pc$tcra dc <strong>la</strong> 'Iecuri t - Sh<strong>la</strong>gnrilq dc l'cxLrtmit[ du stctcur II.<br />

Fig.24.-rl>$Lcradc<strong>la</strong>'Iccurir-PluqucLabu<strong>la</strong>ircdoclis<strong>la</strong>1(doluslllodusocl.cu.III.<br />

Fig. 25. - . Pcilcra d0 l.l l'oculi,. lil.rnchcr sl.rl.\gulitt.<br />

FiC. 26. - | PosLcr.r Ganra Oanci ' (l)<strong>la</strong>n).<br />

Fi!I.27. -.I'$Lcra Uolii.. rnsurgoncc du ruissclu JUpINlrsa.<br />

l.ig. .l$. - .I'critcrn Bolii ' (phn).<br />

Bibliogrufie<br />

1S3S AcxNDn II. J., :\rhiv dts \,crcirls liir Sicbcnb. Lau(lcslittulc, I.<br />

l9lt2 BD\uc ^:\rls t'. Dc, llrrhcllffiir, IlirudlnCcs, It 'Jtchiobtlcllidts, ANh. dc Zool. H)ip. g'!n.,<br />

l$$r BrDLz ti. r\., Ji.ircldnodrxc/r liir sicb,r biirltut, llcrnlxn|lsl.trlt.<br />

18ll.l - lJrilro, ;u lliilllctlJiul&Ic, Jafub. :;icb. li.rlp. Vorcirl; ly.<br />

'l'tdltslJlvunic,<br />

ll):i LlREUrL I'r\sut Il., S<strong>la</strong>lions palioliutiqucs c<br />

Utrl. Soc. ft. Cluj


79 CONTTTBUIII J.| ATUDID-I] P&E'IEIIIIDR DIN BEC.,IISNADOAI'A<br />

87<br />

1042 DunrrEAlcu D., Ilcchcrches morph. dans le Lli<strong>la</strong> du J iu, L\cr. hrat. Geogr., Univ. CIur, VU .<br />

7543 - I'rob<strong>la</strong>ma del ilului J iului, ncvista Gcogra[cA R. VII.<br />

1873 Cslro L, Nolurhislorischc Bctch..ib ng d.a SbahnaLs uttd..rrrr.r<br />

'<br />

N.r.rrtdlfi,<br />

cgyl. Evkitnyvc VI, lM-1,().<br />

Erd€lyu Dluz.<br />

1917 CnorNoxr E-, I<strong>la</strong> ang <strong>la</strong>nulrmtnuio*, Barhng kul.st6s, y, 137.<br />

1940 CoNft^ 1., ,,Cloporioa" un sal <strong>din</strong> l<strong>la</strong>kg, Bilrllotcca dc Sociologic, 3, Ducurciu.<br />

1S56 DnIofuNDI 1., Prczcn<strong>la</strong> Crc<strong>la</strong>ciculni sup. o. l ba.i ul lr.fiotali, ConL Acad. R,P.R.,<br />

vI. 0, 831-8J7.<br />

1955 Durrrrrutscu 1\1., OnafirD^N T. $ TAN^s^cIil J., Do&iI desco<strong>pe</strong>rftl it .rciantc ln <strong>pe</strong>rtato Clo.<br />

cloDinu cu Apd, Brl. gtiln'., Acad. R.P.n., Sccl. Biologtc, 3.<br />

1$58 Du rrnlscu M. $i T, OnanlD^N, Alldtorii ta lumca subpdmlnl.and, EdiL. ttiinl., Bucurefti.<br />

1962-19G, DuNrrREscu l\1., 'llN^s^cnr J. ti ORonrD^N 1'., ,lldtrplnlt?.c c,hil?pLr.Ior ln R,l', llomAni,<br />

Lncr. lntt. spcol. ,,E. Racoviltr", I-[.<br />

l$63 DuNrrREscu iU- ct ORG||ID^N T., Con]ituliont A h connojs5/.rtrc. dc <strong>la</strong> biologic dc Pipisb. us<br />

pipislftllus Schrcbcn, Ann. dc Spdol., XVIU, 4.<br />

1931 F^cD L{rurs, Irdnae, Biospcologics, 71.<br />

1936 l.locA Ocr. [i Sur^o^ V., OLidrl Jtti4ulut IIun doarc, Dcv ,<br />

1928 GA^L lsr., ,ie fffrcn nillcldiluDiden lllcntcltutknocltcn aus Slebanbalrgen, Public,Muz.<br />

Jud, lluncdorrs, Dcvu, XXV-XXVI.<br />

1043 C^^L lst., Neuerc lrl.nsche,]- untl SaiugetLr*noclt .t aus d.m Muslcriar<br />

Katzlcufny0k, ll l.<br />

Sicbcnl ry.ns,<br />

19M Cr,onoEscu ?J|-, Conbibulio^ d I'uutk ,Icr Microltpiloplbct (Tin tuloc) d.s g.oUes L Loum(rnac,<br />

Ann. dc Sprll':ologie, XIX, J.<br />

1034 GfrDrr;n^N L, Conlribttii <strong>la</strong> cutrcaflcftu tclliunii ca'5liee dc <strong>la</strong> NIt dc t'ui, llcv. lluz. Gool.,<br />

Univ. Cluj., V, l, 110-133.<br />

1iJ0l) ll^LAvlrs J., Lus litcidcgcbiel uon Ohaba Po/ror, Jahrcslrcr. d, (gl, u[9. gool, Anst. f.<br />

l8!,7, lJudru)('str, 101- 119.<br />

1020 J[ANNrrL lt. ct It^covrTl E. c., -&Lumdr.rlion.Ls grotles |isil1's lgtE-Irs?, Bi6<strong>pe</strong>ologica,<br />

LIV.<br />

1925 L^u!'ttll 1.., Conlibulii <strong>la</strong> <strong>sludiul</strong> gcologic oI tmptcjuitnilor o.utului Itdrrr, Anuarul<br />

Irlst. 6col- llortrilni4<br />

tECg il^mrr NuL r. DG, Sul.I'hiJloirc dc <strong>la</strong> oolu. dlJiu, C,omptes n. dcs S6ano:s dc I Acad. dc.r<br />

Sci. IJaris. 4 doc,<br />

1902 - Lu Ydiacftic, Parls.<br />

1!o'1 - Enum. dr rcclutclr.s Bur I'd,olution moryhologique des Al<strong>pe</strong>s de Ia TrcnsgluanL,Parb.<br />

1928 il^Ll^sz 1., l<strong>la</strong>po Neliminat d6pre rrollc coleoplen baglodi<strong>la</strong> <strong>din</strong> Judelul llunuloan<br />

(Dhr comuDicaloa flcul.i h 10 mal tn Cluj, cu p lejul Congrcsului Dalurnlitlllor<br />

dln ItomAnio), l,ubl. Muz, jud. lluncdoara, Deva, an. Ill-lv.<br />

1952 trl^ uui^ A,, Ccrc.ftri gEologic. t^ patka dc Est a Boz.i^ultti Uakgului, D- S- In5t. gcol.<br />

Iiour., XXXVI, 204-21$-<br />

7!54 - Gcalosia nliunii Dn/r4a-Crioadi.t, D. S. Com. cco|. XXXVIII, g, 178-182.<br />

1$5E - Srudii tcolot ic. t^ r.?iurr.u Stn<strong>pe</strong>tru-Pui {Buzinul l<strong>la</strong>kgulul), Auu. Com. geol., XI'V,<br />

2tt-274.<br />

1957 iltfflrluscu V., Obsc.Dalii esupra unor lotm. pctlt<strong>la</strong>ciate l^Ire Satutiscgeluza 9i nfu.L Moti,<br />

Bul. tjllirl., Acod. l-(.P.R., Scclia Gcol. Geogr., II, 3.<br />

1003 - Carpalii Sud-rslicl, Bucurestt.<br />

1957 }lof^t C.,'llN^s^cru J. $ OnaArD^N T., Obd einige n.u. ptu.altsch? Hq:chach,j.ellc!. aus<br />

tlumiiai.tr u^d b.r I'htcolobiologlc, .h n ues Kapihl Acr Limnolqic, Ablr. trlrt|lr$ .,<br />

Vcr. Br|jnrcn, J6' l.<br />

1a0l lln^zDc L., Contributiont A I'hktoirc d. <strong>la</strong> aald. dtt Jiu, Dul. Soc. Stiinte, VII.<br />

1!0? Ilu(cocr C., 'I.rli.ttut dilt OUenia, An. lnst. Ccol, Tom., I.<br />

1905 NoIG$^ JvN. I:., Zur C.ologic d. ccgendzu. (;!u<strong>la</strong>[clv..o.,., Mil,tcu., Jahrb. Kgl. Ung. Gcol.<br />

Ansralr,, xtv, 4,<br />

1955 Nrcol^Esou Pr-oFtolr C. S. ti co<strong>la</strong>r., $antLtul afieologic Ce.nd-Oll, S,C,I.V., VI, l-9,<br />

130-140.<br />

1950 -<br />

)_dnlierul arrrologlc Ohaba-Ponor (r.0. Zun.doord), IUat. Ccrcct, Arheol., yL<br />

1S53a l'^vr|r-l'scu L., .<strong>sludiul</strong> gcolqic ti <strong>pe</strong>bqrclic al rcgiunii cqlnlc ii L SE a munlilor<br />

llcte:atultti, AnD. ConL ccol. XXV, 119-r2O.<br />

1953b - C.rceldri lcologlcc ln Irluntii Relzal, D. S. Com. ceol., 106-116-<br />

104r l)^ult^N lt., I'rc/lticft aluls.les Sluplrrlinord.a, lUCm, Ilus. lllsl. N{rt., Paris, XV.<br />

ItIrLu^NU Or., Ccruc|rttri geolosicc in Clmpul lui Neu!, Urico^i ti consitlctllil sctn.ale<br />

asutt d l,1:ihului I'ehorari.<br />

1925 ltosR^ N., I<strong>la</strong>pporl pr4li,ninairc sw les louill.f archlologiques dc I'at,]'.6., Dacia, II.


8E<br />

al @ha8.<br />

1025 RosrrA M., tLcrrfrcttc' .ur lc Paldolilhiqu. en Ttunsltl'lo'tria, Bul. Soc. $1, Cluj. .t.<br />

7927-7932 - n chctchct paGolilhiqu.r an Trantuluat,ie cfl trr?, Dacia, lll-lv<br />

1065 ST.LricEscg CoaNat'J^, An nti|, d. ralict ok Dcptcsiu^ nopguhti, St. fl cerc, $rta Ccogr.<br />

xlx, r.<br />

1064 tnnD^r E., Noul.'cllcs donndes sw k Microparatcllid.s da,Loumani?, Vlc €t luillcur XV, 2,<br />

3,r1-364.<br />

1002 TrcL s C,, Itunyadudmcgtc 16 lnclc, \ol.l.<br />

lg02 - unuiadoArnog!.i Ka<strong>la</strong>,r, C)ni.<br />

l9tl - /, t atuszi bor<strong>la</strong>rq Hunganttugg.bc'r 1:6nrairi 8drl, lJl, 97-103.<br />

1030 VlLs^N 4., Morlologia o.lii PMhotm, Bul. S. R. Geogr., L. nL<br />

1060 .'. llonognlia |cogwl icd d R,P,R,, l, C.ogrolia liricd, Itdit. Acud. R.P,R.<br />

]Jntilulul dr |pf'logi. ,,Emil Rdcooild" Buatnll<br />

Prlmit h rodacllc <strong>la</strong> 1 opltllc 1966.

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