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Metode de rezolvare a problemelor de calcul la chimia analitica

Metode de rezolvare a problemelor de calcul la chimia analitica

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<strong>Meto<strong>de</strong></strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>rezolvare</strong> a <strong>problemelor</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>calcul</strong> <strong>la</strong> <strong>chimia</strong> analitică<br />

[OH - ] =<br />

3<br />

3,<br />

15<br />

−36<br />

−12<br />

⋅ 10 = 1,<br />

47 ⋅10<br />

;<br />

pOH = – lg 1,47 . 10 -12 = 11,83;<br />

pH = 14 – pOH = 2,17.<br />

Astfel, precipitare Fe(OH)3 in soluŃia indicată va începe cum numai pH-ul ei va <strong>de</strong>păşi<br />

valoarea <strong>de</strong> 2,17.<br />

O specie se consi<strong>de</strong>ră eliminată practic complet din soluŃie dacă concentraŃia ei ≤1 . 10 -6<br />

mol/l. łinând cont <strong>de</strong> această cerinŃă, se <strong>de</strong>termină <strong>la</strong> ce pH concentraŃia ionilor Fe 3+ va avea<br />

valoarea 1 . 10 -6 mol/ℓ.<br />

[OH - ] 3 −39<br />

P.S.(Fe(OH)<br />

3)<br />

6,3.10<br />

= = = 6,3 3+<br />

−6<br />

[Fe ] 1⋅10<br />

. 10 -33 ;<br />

[OH - ] =<br />

3<br />

6,<br />

3<br />

−33<br />

−11<br />

⋅ 10 = 1,<br />

85⋅10<br />

;<br />

pOH = – lg 1,85 . 10 -11 = 10,07;<br />

pH = 14 – pOH = 3,93.<br />

Deci ionii Fe 3+ se vor consi<strong>de</strong>ra precipitaŃi completamente <strong>la</strong> pH-ul soluŃiei mai mare <strong>de</strong> 3,93.<br />

10

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