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Getting Python: The most up-to-date and current source code, binaries, documentation, news, etc. is available at the officialwebsite of Python:Python Official Website : http://www.python.org/You can download Python documentation from the following site. The documentation is available in HTML, PDFand PostScript formats.Python Documentation Website : www.python.org/doc/Install Python: Python distribution is available for a wide variety of platforms. You need to download only the binary codeapplicable for your platform and install Python.If the binary code for your platform is not available, you need a C compiler to compile the source code manually.Compiling the source code offers more flexibility in terms of choice of features that you require in your installation.Here is a quick overview of installing Python on various platforms:Unix & Linux Installation: Here are the simple steps to install Python on Unix/Linux machine.• Open a Web browser and go to http://www.python.org/download/• Follow the link to download zipped source code available for Unix/Linux.• Download and extract files.• Editing the Modules/Setup file if you want to customize some options.• run ./configure script• make• make installThis will install python in a standard location /usr/local/bin and its libraries are installedin/usr/local/lib/pythonXX where XX is the version of Python that you are using.Windows Installation: Here are the steps to install Python on Windows machine.• Open a Web browser and go to http://www.python.org/download/• Follow the link for the Windows installer python-XYZ.msi file where XYZ is the version you are going toinstall.TUTORIALS POINT Simply Easy Learning
• To use this installer python-XYZ.msi, the Windows system must support Microsoft Installer 2.0. Just save theinstaller file to your local machine and then run it to find out if your machine supports MSI.• Run the downloaded file by double-clicking it in Windows Explorer. This brings up the Python install wizard,which is really easy to use. Just accept the default settings, wait until the install is finished, and you're readyto roll!Macintosh Installation: Recent Macs come with Python installed, but it may be several years out of date. Seehttp://www.python.org/download/mac/ for instructions on getting the current version along with extra tools tosupport development on the Mac. For older Mac OS's before Mac OS X 10.3 (released in 2003), MacPython isavailable."Jack Jansen maintains it and you can have full access to the entire documentation at his Web site - Jack JansenWebsite : http://www.cwi.nl/~jack/macpython.htmlJust go to this link and you will find complete installation detail for Mac OS installation.Setting up PATH: Programs and other executable files can live in many directories, so operating systems provide a search path thatlists the directories that the OS searches for executables.The path is stored in an environment variable, which is a named string maintained by the operating system.These variables contain information available to the command shell and other programs.The path variable is named PATH in Unix or Path in Windows (Unix is case-sensitive; Windows is not).In Mac OS, the installer handles the path details. To invoke the Python interpreter from any particular directory,you must add the Python directory to your path.Setting path at Unix/Linux: To add the Python directory to the path for a particular session in Unix:• In the csh shell: typesetenv PATH "$PATH:/usr/local/bin/python" and press Enter.• In the bash shell (Linux): typeexport PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/bin/python" and press Enter.• In the sh or ksh shell: typePATH="$PATH:/usr/local/bin/python" and press Enter.Note: /usr/local/bin/python is the path of the Python directorySetting path at Windows: To add the Python directory to the path for a particular session in Windows:• At the command prompt : typepath %path%;C:\Python and press Enter.Note: C:\Python is the path of the Python directoryTUTORIALS POINT Simply Easy Learning
Page 1 and 2: Python Tutorial
Page 3 and 4: ABOUT THE TUTORIALPython TutorialPy
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Page 9 and 10: Description .......................
Page 11 and 12: Syntax ............................
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Page 15 and 16: Parameters ........................
Page 23 and 24: Locating Modules: .................
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Page 35 and 36: Regular-expression Modifiers - Opti
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Page 41 and 42: CHAPTER1Python OverviewPython is a
Page 43: CHAPTER2Python EnvironmentBefore we
Page 47 and 48: -c cmd run Python script sent in as
Page 49 and 50: This will produce the following res
Page 51 and 52: file_name = raw_input("Enter filena
Page 53 and 54: $ python -husage: python [option] .
Page 55 and 56: print 'Input file is "', inputfilep
Page 57 and 58: Here, an integer object is created
Page 59 and 60: Python Lists: Lists are the most v
Page 61 and 62: FunctionDescriptionint(x [,base])Co
Page 63 and 64: CHAPTER5Python Basic OperatorsWhat
Page 65 and 66: Line 4 - Value of c is 2Line 5 - Va
Page 67 and 68: Line 5 - a is greater than bLine 6
Page 69 and 70: | Binary OR Operator copies a bit i
Page 71 and 72: else:print "Line 3 - a and b are tr
Page 73 and 74: if ( id(a) == id(b) ):print "Line 2
Page 75 and 76: When you execute the above program,
Page 77 and 78: if statementsif...else statementsne
Page 79 and 80: Example: #!/usr/bin/pythonvar1 = 10
Page 81 and 82: else:print "Could not find true exp
Page 83 and 84: Loop Typewhile loopfor loopDescript
Page 85 and 86: num = raw_input("Enter a number :")
Page 87 and 88: Good bye!Iterating by Sequence I
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Page 91 and 92: continue statement The continue st
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max(x1, x2,...)min(x1, x2,...)modf(
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Syntax Following is the syntax for
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import math# This will import math
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import mathmath.log10( x )Note: Thi
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modf(x) Description The method modf
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round( x [, n] )Parameters • x --
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Return Value This method returns a
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seed([x]) Description The method se
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asin(x)Note: This function is not a
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print "atan2(-10,10) : ", math.atan
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Note: This function is not accessib
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import mathprint "degrees(3) : ", m
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CHAPTER9Python StringsStrings are a
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+ Concatenation - Adds values on ei
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TAB ( \t ) and they will show up th
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str = "this is string example....wo
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Return Value This method returns a
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Description The method expandtabs()
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Traceback (most recent call last):F
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Let us compile and run the above pr
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str = "This is string example....wo
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str = "-";seq = ("a", "b", "c"); #
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lstrip() Description The method lst
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Max character: xmin(str) Descriptio
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str = "this is really a string exam
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Parameters • chars -- You can sup
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Parameters• str -- This is the st
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Parameters • NAReturn Value This
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Example The following example shows
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CHAPTER10Python ListsThe most basic
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Python Expression Results Descripti
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list( seq )Parameters • seq -- Th
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Return Value If elements are of th
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list.insert(index, obj)Parameters
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CHAPTER11Python TuplesAtuple is a s
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len((1, 2, 3)) 3 Length(1, 2, 3) +
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-11-1len(tuple) Description The met
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min value element : 200tuple(seq) D
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#!/usr/bin/pythondict = {'Name': 'Z
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34str(dict)Produces a printable str
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type(variable) Description The meth
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Return Value This method does not
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CHAPTER13Python Date & TimeApython
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#!/usr/bin/pythonimport time;localt
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import timeprint "time.altzone %d "
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Parameters • sec -- These are the
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• %w - day of the week as a decim
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time.time( ) Description The metho
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2time.tznameAttribute time.tzname i
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CHAPTER14Python FunctionAfunction i
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#!/usr/bin/python# Function definit
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return;# Now you can call printinfo
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Inside the function : 30Outside the
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A module is loaded only once, regar
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'sqrt', 'tan', 'tanh']Here, the spe
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CHAPTER16Python Files I/OThis chapt
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rb+WWbw+wb+AAba+ab+Opens a file for
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fo.write( "Python is a great langua
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EXAMPLE: Following is the example t
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operations from the operating syste
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# Close opened filefo.close()Let us
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Parameters • NAReturn Value This
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Parameters • offset -- This is th
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Parameters • size -- If this opti
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Description The method writelines()
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53545556575859606162os.symlink(src,
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• stat.S_IRGRP: Read by group.•
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os.chroot("/tmp/usr")print "Changed
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Parameters • fd -- This is the or
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import os, sys# First go to the "/v
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Description The method fchown() cha
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Description The method fdopen() ret
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{'PC_MAX_INPUT': 2, 'PC_VDISABLE':
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# Open a filefd = os.open( "foo.txt
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print "Current working dir : %s" %
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path = "/var/www/html/foo.txt"fd =
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_vti_txtrobots.txtitemlistingresume
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# Close opened fileos.close( fd )#
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dev_num = os.makedev(major_dnum, mi
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-rw-------. 1 root root 0 Apr 30 02
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os.pathconf(path, name) Descriptio
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Description The method popen() open
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# !/usr/bin/pythonimport ossrc = '/
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# stat informationstatinfo = os.sta
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Description The method tcgetpgrp()
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os.tempnam(dir, prefix)Parameters
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Description The method ttyname() re
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Return Value This method returns t
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KeyErrorNameErrorUnboundLocalErrorE
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......................else:If there
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print "Error: can\'t find file or r
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self.args = argSo once you defined
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'Optional class documentation strin
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For the above class let's try to ac
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print 'Calling child method'c = Chi
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Data Hiding: An object's attribute
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groups()This method returns all mat
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SYNTAX: re.sub(pattern, repl, strin
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\s Matches whitespace. Equivalent t
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Backreferences: This matches a prev
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CHAPTER20Python CGI ProgrammingWhat
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If you click hello.py, then this pr
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Simple URL Example : Get Metho
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</form>The result of this code is t
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text_content = form.getvalue('textc
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Here is an example of how to retrie
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CHAPTER21Python Database AccessThe
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EXAMPLE: Following is the example o
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('Mac', 'Mohan', 20, 'M', 2000)try:
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DELETE Operation: DELETE operation
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ProgrammingErrorSubclass of Databas
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The socket Module: To create a so
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Protocol Common function Port No Py
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Subject: SMTP e-mail testThis is a
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try:smtpObj = smtplib.SMTP('localho
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count = 0while count < 5:time.sleep
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Synchronizing Threads: The threadi
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thread = myThread(threadID, tName,
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<stars>10</stars><description>Talk
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print "Rating:", self.ratingelif se
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Format: DVDRating: PGDescription: T
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Tkinter Widgets Tkinter provides v
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fgfontheighthighlightcolorimagejust
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WidthXscrollincrementXscrollcommand
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pattern when it is over the checkbu
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The Entry widget is used to accept
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E1 = Entry(top, bd =5)E1.pack(side
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Optionanchorbgbitmapbdcursorfontfgh
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selectmodeDetermines how many items
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Syntax: Here is the simple syntax t
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Menu The goal of this widget is to
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filemenu.add_command(label="Exit",
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Example: Try the following example
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WidthWraplengthWidth of the label i
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label appears in the top left corne
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Parameters: • master: This repres
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Parameters: • master: This repres
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mark_gravity(mark [,gravity])Return
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Methods & Descriptiondeiconify()Dis
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disabledbackgrounddisabledforegroun
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bgbdThe color of the slider and arr
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fontheightlabelAnchorhighlightbackg
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Standard attributes:Let's take a l
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• family: The font family name as
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B2.pack()B3.pack()B4.pack()B5.pack(
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• "heart"• "heart"• "man"•
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The grid() Method This geometry m
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CHAPTERPython Further Extensions27A
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This table needs to be terminated w
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Passing Function Parameters: Beca
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return (a + b)You can return two va
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CHAPTER28Python Tools/UtilitiesThe
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The profile Module: The profile m
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