online-thrilokyavijaya-book-pdf-version-1
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fojk fldgioy;=kajk mßÉfPaoh - T!Iëh lxidì%;dkHh-hekAls ryia .súiqujir 1807 § weußld tlai;a ckmoh ì%;dkHhg tfrysj ;j;a iïndOlhla mekùh' th ye`ÈkajQfha Embargo Act f,i h' ta wkqj ì%;dkHfha ksIamdÈ; NdKavwf<úh muKla fkdj weußldjg wh;a fk!ldj, m%jdykh o ;ykï úh' kuq;ahekals kdúlhska tu kS;sh o W,a,x>kh lf<a h'fï w;r ì%;dkHh rch hekAls kdúlhska iu. ryia .súiqula we;s lr .;af;a h'tu .súiqug wkqj hekals kdúlhska ì%;dkHhg wjYH lxid ksIamdok reishdfjkaf.keú;a ÿka w;r ta fjkqfjka hekalSkag rkska ;E.s iy tu l,dmfha kdúllghq;= ndOdjlska f;dr j lr f.k hdug bv ,nd fok ,§'t;fkda,a jHQyhuoHidr j¾. ms<sn`o m¾fhaIK isÿ l< iaúÜi¾,ka; cd;sl ksfld,ia ;sfhdav¾ äiqiqf¾ Nicolas Theodore de Saussure úiska tys ridhksl jHqyh ms<sn`o f;dr;=refy<s lrk ,§'úoHq;húoHq;h iu. w;ayod ne,Sï l< yïm%s fâú úoHq;a úÉfPaokh keue;s l%shdj,shy`ÿkajd ÿkafka h' fuu l%shdj yryd ixfhda. iE§ we;s uQ,øjH fjkalr .; yelsnj;a fmkajd ÿkafka h' fmdgEishï iy fidaähï keue;s f,dayuh uQ,øjHhfjkalr tajdfha yeisÍu ms<sn`o fidhd ne,Sug Tyqg yels úh'l%s'j' 1808m%xY-reishdkq .súiqureishdfõ ksIamdÈ; lxid wdYs%; NdKav keõ.; lrk ,oafoa Ydka; mSg¾ian¾.aSaint Petersburg k.rfha ;snQ fl%dakaiagdâ Kronstadt jrdfhks' hekals fj<`ÿkafl%dakaiagdâ jrdfhka lxid ksIamdok ñ< § .kakd nj ±k .;a kefmda,shkareishdfõ Id¾ wef,laiekav¾g b,a,Sï folla bÈßm;a lf<a h'm<uq jekak jQfha weußldkq hekals keõj,g lxid ;ka;= úlsKSu kj;ajkf,i h' fojekak jQfha fl%dakaiagdâ jrdfha uqr fmd<la ±óug wjir fok f,ih' fuu b,a,Sï folg u Id¾ wef,laiekav¾ tl`. fkdjQ fyhska hqo uqla; l,dmhjQ fmda,ka;h wdYs%; l,dmh wdl%uKh lsÍug kefmda,shka iQodkï úh'úoHq;h iy uQ,øjHyïm%s fâú ;j ÿrg;a úoHq;a úÉfPaokh iïnkaO m¾fhaIK isÿ lf<a h' tysm%;sM,hla f,i le,aishï" iafg%dkaÑhï" fíßhï iy ue.akSishï fjkalr .ekSugyels úh'úoHq;h u.ska ixfhda. lvd oud uQ,øjH njg m;a lrk wdldrhg u úoHq;h u.skauQ,øjH tl;= lr ixfhda. idok nj wjfndaO lr .ekSug yïm%s fâúg yels úh'fï iu. u hqfrdamSh cd;sl ridhk úoHd{hska úiska we¨ñkshï" fndafrdaka"whãka" is,slka iy ,s;shï jeks uQ,øjH fjkalr y`ÿkd .kakd ,§'179

jika; fiak je,swx.ff;%f,dalHúchd180l%s'j' 1809weußldkq rej,a keõtjlg reishdfõ Ydka; mSg¾ian¾.a k.rfha weußldkq ;dkdm;s ksfhdacs; f,ifiajh lrk ,oafoa fcdaka laúkais wdoïia John Qwins Adams h' Tyq ,shk ,o,smsj, fl%dkaiag%dâ Konstradt jrdfha isÿ jQ lxid fj<odï .ek f;dr;=re i`oykalr we;' ta wkqj jir 1809 § weußldkq fldä iys; keõ 600la muK lxidksIamdok ì%;dkHh fj; /f.k f.dia we;'m%xY Ydia;%{fhda wdkkaoh ,n;sBcsma;=fõ isg m%xYhg meñKs yISia lEu ckm%sh úfkdaodxYhla njg m;a úh'yISia lEfuka wdkkaohg m;a jQ m%xY Ydia;%{fhda yISia ms<sn`o .fõIKlrkakg úh'Bcsma;=j .fõIKh l< kefmda,shkaf.a yuqodfõ isá is,afjiag¾ ä ielStjeks Ydia;%{fhls' wISIska kñka ye`Èka jQ ñksiqka yISia Ndú; lr >d;kj,giïnkaO jQ njg ;snQ f;dr;=re mokï lr f.k kj w¾:l:khla bÈßm;a l<Tyq mejiQfha Assassin keue;s jpkh ks¾udKh jkafka yISia Ndú; lr >d;kisÿ l< wISIskajreka ksid nj h'l%s'j' 1811ì%;dkHh-reishdkq ñ;%;ajhkefmda,shka hqo uqla; l,dmh wdl%uKh l< neúka m%xYh iy reishdj w;r ;snQ.súiqu ì`o jegqKs' fï ksid reishdj kej;;a ì%;dkHh iu. ñ;% jQ w;r Tiaá%hdjo ñ;% rgla njg m;a lr .;af;a h'l%s'j' 1812úoHq;hfï w;r ,kavka kqjr rdclSh iNdfõ fmd;a n`Èkakd ;k;=rg f;aÍ m;a jQì%;dkH cd;sl uhsl,a *erfâ Michael Faraday pqïNl Ndú; lr úoHq;h ksmoùums<sn`o m¾fhaIK isÿ lf<a h'Èhuka;s hkq ldnka keue;s uQ,øjHfhka iEÿK ixfhda.hla nj;a iQ¾h Yla;shwdOdrfhka Èhuka;s msmsrùug yels nj;a yïm%s fâú fmkajd ÿkafka h'l%s'j' 1813yskaÿia:dkS T!IO ix.%yhbkaÈhdj hg;a úcs;hla njg m;a lr .;a miq ì%;dkHh wêrdcHfha isá Ydiaa;%{hskaúiska bka§h mdrïmdßl ±kqu ms<sn`o .fõIK isÿ l<y' ví,sõ' whskaia,s W.Ainslie úiska bkaÈhdfõ ñksiqkaf.a ndka.a Ndú;h ms<sn`o f;dr;=re we;=<;am¾fhaIKd;aul ,smshla Materia Medica of Hindustan keue;s fj¨fï m< lrk,§' tys i`oyka wdldrhg bkaÈhdkqjka úiska w;Sidrh iqjlr .ekSu msKsi iyúfkdaoh ,nd .ekSug lxid Ndú; lr we;'

jika; fiak je,swx.

ff;%f,dalHúchd

180

l%s'j' 1809

weußldkq rej,a keõ

tjlg reishdfõ Ydka; mSg¾ian¾.a k.rfha weußldkq ;dkdm;s ksfhdacs; f,i

fiajh lrk ,oafoa fcdaka laúkais wdoïia John Qwins Adams h' Tyq ,shk ,o

,smsj, fl%dkaiag%dâ Konstradt jrdfha isÿ jQ lxid fj<odï .ek f;dr;=re i`oyka

lr we;' ta wkqj jir 1809 § weußldkq fldä iys; keõ 600la muK lxid

ksIamdok ì%;dkHh fj; /f.k f.dia we;'

m%xY Ydia;%{fhda wdkkaoh ,n;s

Bcsma;=fõ isg m%xYhg meñKs yISia lEu ckm%sh úfkdaodxYhla njg m;a úh'

yISia lEfuka wdkkaohg m;a jQ m%xY Ydia;%{fhda yISia ms<sn`o .fõIK

lrkakg úh'

Bcsma;=j .fõIKh l< kefmda,shkaf.a yuqodfõ isá is,afjiag¾ ä ielS

tjeks Ydia;%{fhls' wISIska kñka ye`Èka jQ ñksiqka yISia Ndú; lr >d;kj,g

iïnkaO jQ njg ;snQ f;dr;=re mokï lr f.k kj w¾:l:khla bÈßm;a l<

Tyq mejiQfha Assassin keue;s jpkh ks¾udKh jkafka yISia Ndú; lr >d;k

isÿ l< wISIskajreka ksid nj h'

l%s'j' 1811

ì%;dkHh-reishdkq ñ;%;ajh

kefmda,shka hqo uqla; l,dmh wdl%uKh l< neúka m%xYh iy reishdj w;r ;snQ

.súiqu ì`o jegqKs' fï ksid reishdj kej;;a ì%;dkHh iu. ñ;% jQ w;r Tiaá%hdj

o ñ;% rgla njg m;a lr .;af;a h'

l%s'j' 1812

úoHq;h

fï w;r ,kavka kqjr rdclSh iNdfõ fmd;a n`Èkakd ;k;=rg f;aÍ m;a jQ

ì%;dkH cd;sl uhsl,a *erfâ Michael Faraday pqïNl Ndú; lr úoHq;h ksmoùu

ms<sn`o m¾fhaIK isÿ lf<a h'

Èhuka;s hkq ldnka keue;s uQ,øjHfhka iEÿK ixfhda.hla nj;a iQ¾h Yla;sh

wdOdrfhka Èhuka;s msmsrùug yels nj;a yïm%s fâú fmkajd ÿkafka h'

l%s'j' 1813

yskaÿia:dkS T!IO ix.%yh

bkaÈhdj hg;a úcs;hla njg m;a lr .;a miq ì%;dkHh wêrdcHfha isá Ydiaa;%{hska

úiska bka§h mdrïmdßl ±kqu ms<sn`o .fõIK isÿ l<y' ví,sõ' whskaia,s W.

Ainslie úiska bkaÈhdfõ ñksiqkaf.a ndka.a Ndú;h ms<sn`o f;dr;=re we;=<;a

m¾fhaIKd;aul ,smshla Materia Medica of Hindustan keue;s fj¨fï m< lrk

,§' tys i`oyka wdldrhg bkaÈhdkqjka úiska w;Sidrh iqjlr .ekSu msKsi iy

úfkdaoh ,nd .ekSug lxid Ndú; lr we;'

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