online-thrilokyavijaya-book-pdf-version-1
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fojk fldgitfldf<diajk mßÉfPaoh - kjf,dalhkQfkda u;= jQfha wvla ksuejQ lxid f.;a;ulska wdjrKh jQ wv ksrej;a isreriu. h' ,ecacdjg m;a kQfkda fmd<j ;=<g ls`od nei .evúf,la njg m;a úh'cmka fma%uhcmka cd;slhskaf.a fm%auh iy újdyh ;=<;a lxid kQ,aj,g úfYaI ;ekla ,eî;snqKs' tla;rd cmka ck l;djl fma%uh iy lxid kQ,la w;r we;s iïnkaOhla.ek i`oyka fjhs' fï ckm%jdohg wkqj tla;rd .ïudkhl isá ;reKshlafid,aodÿfjla iu. fm%aufhka ne`ÿKq w;r fid,aodÿjd .ek jeä úia;r ±k.kakg fmr Tyqg fjk;a m%foaYhlg hEug isÿ úh' fid,aodÿjdg fydfrka Tyqf.awe`ÿug lxid kQ,a mkaÿjl fl,jrla .eg.eiQ ;reKsh fid,aodÿjdg iuq ÿkakdh' miq Èkl kQ, Èf.a fmïj;d fidhd .sh ;reKsh ñjd Miva keue;s foúhkaf.amkaif,ka .uk wjika l<d h' ;u fmïj;d wfkfll= fkdj ñjd foúhka njweh ±k .kafka túg hs'cmka újdyhcmka cd;slhskaf.a újdy W;aij meje;aùug fmr ukud,hdf.a md¾Yjfhkalxidj,ska ksujk ,o NdKav wvx.= ;E.s u,a,la ukd,shf.a ksjig heùuisß;ls' ;j o lxid /yekaj,ska ks¾udKh lrk ,o w;alï fudaia;rj,ska ux.,W;aij Yd,dj w,xldr lsÍu ukd,sh ;u iajdñhdg olajk lSlre nj úoydmdkakla úh'cmdkfha Iskafgda Shinto mQcljrekag lxid hkq Y=oaO jQ jia;=jls' fï ksid N+;wd;au m,jd yeÍu i`oyd Ndú; lrk flúg fl<jr we;s lih idod .ekSugj¾K .kajk ,o lxid /yeka mdúÉÑ lr we;'l%s'j' 1400wh¾,ka; mqo mQcdfï jk úg tx.,ka;hg Tífnka jQ wh¾,ka;fha ck cSú;hg lxid iïnkaOù ;snqKs' wh¾,ka; ;reKshka ;u iylrejka fidhd .ekSu i`oyd lxid ;ka;=wdY%s; ks¾udK mQcd lr pdß;% jdß;% isÿ lr we;';jo nd¾,s Ndú; lr uoHidr wdijkh l< wh¾,ka; cd;slfhda úials Whiskeykï jQ u;ameka j¾.h ksmo ùu wdrïN l<y'l%s'j' 1415mD;=.d, wêrdcHfha wdrïNhuOHOrKS uqyqfoa wrdì n,h l%ufhka wvq jQ w;r mD;=.d,h i;= kdúl n,h jeäúh' mD;=.d, kdúlhska úiska uOHOrKS uqyqfoa ol=Kq fjrf<a msysgd ;snQ wrdìhg;a úcs;hla jQ iSgd Ceuta k.rh wdl%uKh lrk ,§' ta wkqj l%sia;= j¾I 1415§ mD;=.Siska Tjqkaf.a m<uq hg;a úcs;h w;am;a lr .;ay' bkamiq w;a,dka;slaid.rfha msysgd ;snQ ufâßhd Madeira iy wfidaria Azores ¥m;a wdl%uKh lr tysisá wrdì yuqodjka mkakd oeó h'135

jika; fiak je,swx.ff;%f,dalHúchd136l%s'j' 1431ÈjHuh y`vfrdaufha lf;da,sl iNdj úiska yISia iy lxid Ndú;h ;ykï lr ;snqK;a jir1431 § m%xYfha wd¾la Arc kï jQ m%foaYfha cSj;a jQ fcdka Joan keue;s lkHdfidhqßh yISia mdúÉÑ lr ÈjHuh y`vg ijka §ug mqreÿ j isáhd h' fï njwdrxÑ jQfhka wehg o`vqjï lr we;s nj i`oyka fõ'l%s'j' 1440uqøK hka;%hjir 1440 § lvodis u; isÿl< f,aLklrKh kj udj;lg wj;S¾K l<hka;%hla ks¾udKh úh' tla ,shú,a,la wjYH ;rï ixLHdjlska kej; kej; ìyslsÍug fuhg yels úh' kj hka;%fha ks¾ud;Djrhd jQfha c¾uka cd;sl fcdyEkaia.+gkan¾.a Johannes Gutenberg h' ;u ksjfia ;snQ wdijkd.drfha ñÈ ;,khka;%fha ;dlaIKh Ndú; l< Tyq ;Ska; .e,a jQ wl=re lvodishla u; uqøKhlf<a h' tu hka;%h Letter Press kï úh'l%s'j' 1451l%siafgdam¾ fldf,dïnial%sia;= j¾I 1451 § b;d,sfha csfkdajd k.rfha § l%siafgdam¾ fldf,dïnia ChristopherColombus Wm; ,eî h' l%ufhka jefvk Tyq kdúlfhla njg m;a úh' Tyqf.aisyskh jQfha w;a,dka;sla id.rh .fõIKh lsÍuhs'l%s'j' 1483ndnQ¾f.a bkaÈhdkq .fõIKhuOHu wdishdjg wh;a fudkaf.da,shdj ;DK N+ñj,ska fyì ±jeka; m%foaYhls'fuys cSj;a jQ f.ka.sia Ldkaf.a Gengis Khan fm<mf;ka meje; wd ujlg iy;=¾lsia;dka-fudkaf.da,shka iïNjhla we;s msfhl=g odj IyS¾-Woa-ãka fudfyduândnq¾ Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur Wm; ,eî h' l%ufhka jefvk fudfyduândnq¾ bia,dï oyu" úoHdj" ;drld Ydia;%h" .Ks;h" ix.S;h" foaYmd,kh iy igkal%u ms<sn`o wOHdmkh ,eî h' ;reK úhg m;a ndnQ¾ bkaÈhdj .fõIKh lf<a h'l%s'j' 1484lf;da,sl m,a,shg lxid ;ykïfrdaufha lf;da,sl iNdj ;j ÿrg;a yISia iy lxid wdOdrfhka isÿ lrk mQcdjkaúfõpkh lrkakg úh' jir 1484 § wgfjks bkikaÜ mdma jykafia yISia iylxidj,ska f,v iqj lsÍu ;ykï l< w;r jhska" ìh¾ iy wfkl=;a uoHidrúúO frda.S ;;a;ajhkag iy foúhka ms§ug iqÿiq nj m%ldY lf<a h' b;d,shwjg we;s Tiaá%hdj" c¾uksh iy iaúÜi¾,ka;h jeks rgj,a mdma jykafiaf.am%ldYh ms<s.;a w;r we,amhska l`ÿjeáhg W;=ßka msysá rgj,a jk frdfïkshdj"fplaiaf,dajelshdj" yxf.aßhdj iy reishdj tu m%ldYh fkd i,ld yer lxidj.d isÿ lrñka wiajekak l¾udka; iy T!IO i`oyd Ndú; lr we;'

jika; fiak je,swx.

ff;%f,dalHúchd

136

l%s'j' 1431

ÈjHuh y`v

frdaufha lf;da,sl iNdj úiska yISia iy lxid Ndú;h ;ykï lr ;snqK;a jir

1431 § m%xYfha wd¾la Arc kï jQ m%foaYfha cSj;a jQ fcdka Joan keue;s lkHd

fidhqßh yISia mdúÉÑ lr ÈjHuh y`vg ijka §ug mqreÿ j isáhd h' fï nj

wdrxÑ jQfhka wehg o`vqjï lr we;s nj i`oyka fõ'

l%s'j' 1440

uqøK hka;%h

jir 1440 § lvodis u; isÿl< f,aLklrKh kj udj;lg wj;S¾K l<

hka;%hla ks¾udKh úh' tla ,shú,a,la wjYH ;rï ixLHdjlska kej; kej; ìys

lsÍug fuhg yels úh' kj hka;%fha ks¾ud;Djrhd jQfha c¾uka cd;sl fcdyEkaia

.+gkan¾.a Johannes Gutenberg h' ;u ksjfia ;snQ wdijkd.drfha ñÈ ;,k

hka;%fha ;dlaIKh Ndú; l< Tyq ;Ska; .e,a jQ wl=re lvodishla u; uqøKh

lf<a h' tu hka;%h Letter Press kï úh'

l%s'j' 1451

l%siafgdam¾ fldf,dïnia

l%sia;= j¾I 1451 § b;d,sfha csfkdajd k.rfha § l%siafgdam¾ fldf,dïnia Christopher

Colombus Wm; ,eî h' l%ufhka jefvk Tyq kdúlfhla njg m;a úh' Tyqf.a

isyskh jQfha w;a,dka;sla id.rh .fõIKh lsÍuhs'

l%s'j' 1483

ndnQ¾f.a bkaÈhdkq .fõIKh

uOHu wdishdjg wh;a fudkaf.da,shdj ;DK N+ñj,ska fyì ±jeka; m%foaYhls'

fuys cSj;a jQ f.ka.sia Ldkaf.a Gengis Khan fm<mf;ka meje; wd ujlg iy

;=¾lsia;dka-fudkaf.da,shka iïNjhla we;s msfhl=g odj IyS¾-Woa-ãka fudfyduâ

ndnq¾ Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur Wm; ,eî h' l%ufhka jefvk fudfyduâ

ndnq¾ bia,dï oyu" úoHdj" ;drld Ydia;%h" .Ks;h" ix.S;h" foaYmd,kh iy igka

l%u ms<sn`o wOHdmkh ,eî h' ;reK úhg m;a ndnQ¾ bkaÈhdj .fõIKh lf<a h'

l%s'j' 1484

lf;da,sl m,a,shg lxid ;ykï

frdaufha lf;da,sl iNdj ;j ÿrg;a yISia iy lxid wdOdrfhka isÿ lrk mQcdjka

úfõpkh lrkakg úh' jir 1484 § wgfjks bkikaÜ mdma jykafia yISia iy

lxidj,ska f,v iqj lsÍu ;ykï l< w;r jhska" ìh¾ iy wfkl=;a uoHidr

úúO frda.S ;;a;ajhkag iy foúhka ms§ug iqÿiq nj m%ldY lf<a h' b;d,sh

wjg we;s Tiaá%hdj" c¾uksh iy iaúÜi¾,ka;h jeks rgj,a mdma jykafiaf.a

m%ldYh ms<s.;a w;r we,amhska l`ÿjeáhg W;=ßka msysá rgj,a jk frdfïkshdj"

fplaiaf,dajelshdj" yxf.aßhdj iy reishdj tu m%ldYh fkd i,ld yer lxid

j.d isÿ lrñka wiajekak l¾udka; iy T!IO i`oyd Ndú; lr we;'

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