MELISSA RODRIGUES DE ALMEIDA A RELAÇÃO ENTRE A ...

7ABSTRACTThe present research had the aim to analyze the contributions of the sovietpsychologist Lev Semenovich Vigotski (1896-1934) to the comprehension of theprocesses of formation of the class consciousness and individual consciousness.Vigotski played an important role in the development of psychology supported by theMarxist theory, claiming the historicity of the human consciousness. The investigationconsisted of a theoric research which was based on the works of the mentionedauthor, as well as of other authors in the field of Marxism. Three related processeswere approached: 1) the formation of the social consciousness from the socialrelations of production; 2) the social constitution and the development of theindividual consciousness; 3) the process of class consciousness of the working classin the relation with its social being. It was verified that Vigotski brings importantcontributions on the comprehension of the analyzed process, specially when it comesto the necessary mediations for the constitution of the individual consciousness, thatare produced in the dynamic of the social relations of production and established inthe social consciousness. Amongst these mediations, it is prominent the system ofconcepts, through which the ways of thinking, feeling and acting of a society areappropriated by the individual. In the class society, the social consciousness isconverted to ideology and the system of concepts is permeated through byuniversalized ideas of the ruling class. Although, as reality moves through a set ofcontradictions, the working class is also consisted by the contradiction of being aclass in capital, necessarily integrated to it, and a class beyond capital, for carryingthe burden of this relation. This contradiction makes possible the movement ofconsciousness of the working class, from alienated to revolutionary. However, beingthe class consciousness an expression of its social being, it was seen that thismovement is not stable, being possible to occur retrocessions and advances,according to the movements of the capitalism and the worker’s struggle. It attemptedto demonstrate, the importance of the clash of systems, the role played by theappropriation by the working class of the practical experience and the revolutionarytheory accumulated by the proletariat looking forwards to overcome of the capital andalienation.Key-words: Consciousness. Class consciousness. Vigotski.