University of Wales (PDF) - Cham

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šA‘ w … 1 ¨O@¨¡¥7Ž¨ / ©¥ / ¥§¦©¨@l›ROD©¨)–O¨z–~QB_©l¡'¥§¨mO©@O©O© O©©¨p©C©l1w … 1 ¨O@¨¡¥7Ž¨ / ©¥ / ¥§¦©¨@l›ROD©¨)–kœ&‘O¨6eoQB_©l¡'¥§¨mO©@O©O© O©©¨p©C©l1† ‘ w … 1 ¨O@¨¡¥7Ž¨ / ©¥ / ¥§¦©¨@l›ROD©¨)–O¨ e QB ¡'¥§¨¡O©@O©O© O©©¨!©€©l1‰ ‘ w … 1 ¨O@¨¡¥7Ž¨ / ©¥ / ¥§¦©¨@l›ROD©¨)–O¨6exQBg©l¡'¥§¨ƒO©@O©O© O©©¨p©C©l1Š ‘ w … 1 ¨O@¨¡¥7Ž¨ / ©¥ / ¥§¦©¨@l›ROD©¨)–O¨FšQBg©l¡'¥§¨ƒO©@O©O© O©©¨p©C©l16 ‘ w … 1 ¨O@¨¡¥7Ž¨ / ©¥ / ¥§¦©¨@l›ROD©¨)–O¨ –„QB+¡'¥§¨¢O©@O©O© O©©¨!©€©l1Temperature (Deg. Cel.)Thermocouple 1: Un-coated aluminium innerand un-coated outer cylinder radius = 23.774 mm500450400350300250200150100500 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400Time (s)T=100 CT=200 CT=300 CT=400 CT=500 CAmbientTemperature (Deg. Cel.)50045040035030025020015010050Thermocouple 3: Un-coated aluminium innerand un-coated outer cylinder radius = 23.774 mm0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400Time (s)T=100 CT=200 CT=300 CT=400 CT=500 CAmbient=¥§¨g§©O / eDš ‡ Š¥Š œ@¡'¥§¨mO©@O©O©=¥§¨_§©O / eDš ‡ Š¥Š œz@¡'¥§¨mO©@O©O©Temperature (Deg. Cel.)500450400350300250200150100Thermocouple 2: Un-coated aluminium innerand un-coated outer cylinder radius = 36.474 mmT=100 CT=200 CT=300 CT=400 CT=500 CAmbientTemperature (Deg. Cel.)500450400350300250200150100Thermocouple 3: Un-coated aluminium innerand un-coated outer cylinder radius = 36.474 mmT=100 CT=200 CT=300 CT=400 CT=500 CAmbient50500 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400Time (s)0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400Time (s)¡'¥§¨mO©@O©O©=¥§¨_§©O / š ‰ ‡ œ Š¥Š @=¥§¨g§©O / š ‰ ‡ œ Š¥Š @¡'¥§¨mO©@O©O©Temperature (Deg. Cel.)500450400350300250200150100Thermocouple 2: Coated aluminium innerand un-coated outer cylinder radius = 36.474 mmT=100 CT=200 CT=300 CT=400 CT=500 CAmbientTemperature (Deg. Cel.)500450400350300250200150100Thermocouple 3: Coated aluminium innerand un-coated outer cylinder radius = 36.474 mmT=100 CT=200 CT=300 CT=400 CT=500 CAmbient50500 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400Time (s)0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400Time (s)¡'¥§¨mO©@O©O©=¥§¨_§©O / š ‰ ‡ œ Š¥Š @¡'¥§¨mO©@O©O©=¥§¨g§©O / š ‰ ‡ œ Š¥Š @– Œ

w … 1 ¨O@¨¡¥7Ž¨ / ©¥ / ¥§¦©¨@l›ROD©¨)–¦A‘O¨z–~QB_©l¡'¥§¨mO©@O©O© O©©¨p©C©l1Temperature (Deg. Cel.)50045040035030025020015010050Thermocouple 3: Un-coated aluminium innerand un-coated outer cylinder radius = 23.774 mmT=100 CT=200 CT=300 CT=400 CT=500 CAmbientTemperature of outer cylinder (Deg. Cel.)50045040035030025020015010050Steady state resultsExperimental and numerical comparisonsExp 1 TC 1Exp 2 TC 1Exp 3 TC 1Wintherm e=.1Network e=.9 R2=50.8 mmNetwork e=.1 R2=76.2 mm0 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400Time (s)00 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500Temperature of fire rod (Deg. Cel.)›ROD©¨Ve¥eJ‘w … 1 ¨O@¨¡¥7¨ / /

† ‘ c § / O¨¡¥[› w ¨ / ©¥ / ¨ / / ¨G… 1 ¨.l›ROD©¨]es ©©©¥§Ä¦©¨5'¥§O©DQRO©©¨_OO©©¨O@¨¡¥‰ ‘ c § / O¨¡¥[› w ¨ / ©¥ / ¨ / / ¨G… 1 ¨.l›ROD©¨]es §©?'¥§¨P¦©¨5'¥§O©DzQR=¥§¨_OO©©¨O@¨¡¥Š ‘ c § / O¨¡¥[› w ¨ / ©¥ / ¨ / / ¨G… 1 ¨.l›ROD©¨]es ©©©¥§Ä¦©¨5'¥§O©DQRO©©¨_OO©©¨O@¨¡¥›ROD©¨]e 6 ‘ › w @¨ / ¦ / ¨xQBR¨G… 1 ¨O@¨¡¥7OD¦A‘@yp©?'¥§¨@¦©¨5'¥ T …Uh_¥§¦U¥§¦©¨L› w›ROD©¨e@©¨’ ¡¨¥§¨L¦©¨5'¥ T …UO!h_¥§¦!¥§¦©¨›ROD©¨,š¥ŒA‘w @©¨ ›Finite Element versus ExperimentalOuter cylinder temperature (Conductive+Convective-Radiative)Temperature (Deg. Cel.)500450400350300250200150100500 200 400 600 800 1000Time (s)Exp T=100FEM T=100Exp T=300FEM T=300Exp T=500FEM T=500FEMGV 6.1-02 : University College SwanseaYZ X9-MAY-2000 15:50 exprig_mesh.ps500Finite Element versus ExperimentalOuter cylinder temperature (Radiative)FEMGV 6.1-02 : University College Swansea9-MAY-2000 15:51 radfluxrig.ps450400Temperature (Deg. Cel.)35030025020015010050Exp T= 100FEM T=100Exp T= 300FEM T=300Exp T= 500FEM T=500YZX.258E-4.232E-4.206E-4.18E-4.155E-4.129E-4.103E-4.773E-5.515E-5.258E-50 200 400 600 800 1000Time (s)500450Outer cylinder temperatures for T=500FEMGV 6.1-02 : University College Swansea9-MAY-2000 15:52 confluxrig.ps400Temperature (Deg. Cel.)350300250200150100500 200 400 600 800Time (s)FEM e=0.1FEM e=0.9Un-coatedCoatedYZX-.498E-2-.996E-2-.149E-1-.199E-1-.249E-1-.299E-1-.349E-1-.399E-1-.448E-1-.498E-1–{e

Xc ¨ 1 ¨§'¥§©¨L¡¥§© / Or¥§¦©¨LOD›ROD©¨š=–¥‘/ ¥§¨ 1 ¥ ( š † /'¥g¥§O@¨š=eJ‘ c ¨ 1 ¨§'¥§©¨g¡¥§© / Ox¥§¦©¨ge©O7i›ROD©¨/ ¥§¨ 1 ¥ ( 6I6 /'¥p¥§O@¨† ‘ w … 1 ¨O@¨¡¥7j¨ / ©¥ /s ©‰¥§¨ / Q›ROD©¨cšc ¦©¨@ T ©O /s ¥7i¨8'¥œ¨D©? O¡¥§¨‰ /tAA’‰ ‘x› w ¨ / ©¥ / '¥A¥§¦©¨z233Ž¥§O@¨ / ¥§¨ 1›ROD©¨,š/ / Q ¥§¦©¨6§~©@¨~¨G…=¦3 / ¥6©¥¡¦¡O¨OL¥§¦©Ä3FEMGV 6.1-02 : University College Swansea9-MAY-2000 16:04 temp35.psFEMGV 6.1-02 : University College Swansea9-MAY-2000 15:46 gnome_mesh.psYZ10092.885.678.571.364.156.949.742.535.428.221XYZGnome meshšDœ&‘z› w @¨ / ¦r / ¨„OU¥§¦©¨83 / / Q›ROD©¨/ ¥6©¥¡¦¡O¨¥§¦©¨Q§~©@¨P¨G…=¦3FEMGV 6.1-02 : University College SwanseaYZX9-MAY-2000 16:05 temp88.ps10092.885.678.571.364.156.949.742.535.428.221Temperature (Deg. Cel.)GNOME Experimental and numerical comparisons500450400350300250200150Finite Element100nozzleshroud50shroudshroud00 50 100 150 200 250 300 350Distance down nozzle mmO©D¥§¦©¨4=¥§¨ / ©‰Q}ÄQ ¥§¦©¨4©¥¡¦¡O¨FEMGV 6.1-02 : University College Swansea15-MAY-2000 08:51 gnomecontres.epsModel: RESULTLCAS25Nodal THERMALT TEMPERATMax = 480 Min = 115ZYX420400370350300200160150130120110¦©¥§D§ 1 ¦+Q[!¨G…=¦3 / ¥A©¥¡¦¡O¨›ROD©¨cš¥šA‘4Œ§4 / c ©e©O©¨ s ©‰¥§¨ / '¥¥77¦©¨4¥§g¥§¦©¨§~©@¨Qjv w y_{– š