boletim nº 15 - ICMBio

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ABSTRACT Fire is an important landscape modifier element and many times wildfires have a devastating potential, constituting a major threat to biodiversity. The Itatiaia National Park (PNI) is a protected area of historical and ecological significance, sheltering important remnants of Atlantic Forest biome. The Study Area (AE) was defined as the own PNI area and a 3 km border. This work aims to expand knowledge about fire occurrence through a geoecological analysis in which we seek to establish quantitative and qualitative relationships between landscape elements, including the action of man upon it. The largest number of fires in the EA usually occurs in August, however the largest concentration of burned area is recorded for the month of September, when the accumulated rainfall reaches lower levels. The largest number of fires was recorded outside the boundaries of PNI, but the largest burnt areas were inside it, possibly due to extensive portions of continuous grassland formations. The statistical distribution of the number of fires was used as a parameter to define the ranges of each. It was found that 58% of the areas affected by fires are at steep slopes, 51% have convex shape (high), 73% are under high incidence of solar radiation, 92% showed high combustibility and 78% were located above 2,000 m. The analysis of the precipitation showed the inverse relationship of fires with antecedent precipitation, especially in years of major fires, when these conditions were well below average. Six rainfall indicators of short and medium term were evaluated, concluding that they must be used together to diagnose critical conditions for the occurrence of fires. From spatial analysis of the main variables related to the risk to the ignition, it was found that 73% of fires are less than <strong>15</strong> m distance of transport routes, buildings or private property within the PNI area and 93% of cases within the Park are wholly or partially inserted in these properties. A map of susceptibility to the occurrence of
wildfires was generated for the study area using the analyticalintegrative method with the following geoecological variables: combustibility, solar radiation, slope angle and slope geometry. The cross-checking of the fire records with this map showed that 94% of the areas affected by them were classified as high susceptibility, which points to the effectiveness of the method for the identification of areas with favorable conditions for the occurrence of this phenomenon. The methodology and the results are significant subsidy for the modeling of knowledge related to the assessment of scenarios for the occurrence of fires. Keywords: GEOECOLOGICAL CARTOGRAPHY, GEOPROCESSING, FIRE REGIME, CONSERVATION UNITS.
Page 1 and 2: MINISTÉRIO DO MEIO AMBIENTE ICMBio
Page 3 and 4: PNI criado por Wanderbilt Duarte de
Page 5 and 6: Aos Professores Carla Madureira, Pa
Page 7 and 8: "Siga em Frente: There’s really n
Page 9: estão total ou parcialmente inseri
Page 13 and 14: Figura 12 - Gráfico de distribuiç
Page 15 and 16: Figura 35 - Gráfico comparativo do
Page 17 and 18: Tabela 13 - Distribuição dos inc
Page 19 and 20: ESRI - Environmental System Researc
Page 21 and 22: Imager SIRGAS - Sistema de Referên
Page 23 and 24: 5.2.1. Classificação da imagem ..
Page 25 and 26: entre outros (ICMBio, 2010a). Nesse
Page 27 and 28: ocorrência dos incêndios, busca-s
Page 29 and 30: Figura 1 - Esquema geral do trabalh
Page 31 and 32: Figura 2 - Área de Estudo e sua lo
Page 33 and 34: 2.2. CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICAS A ca
Page 35 and 36: Figura 3 - Hidrografia da Área de
Page 37 and 38: Figura 4 - Médias mensais de preci
Page 39 and 40: cerca de 1.200m com a presença de
Page 41 and 42: dos últimos refúgios para os anim
Page 43 and 44: por se tornar um dos mais important
Page 45 and 46: Figura 5 - Mapa da situação fundi
Page 47 and 48: 1951 - Incêndio no final de março
Page 49 and 50: (Figura 7). Diversos relatos de mor
Page 51 and 52: Figura 8 - Carta Imagem do incêndi
Page 53 and 54: Figura 10 - Carta Imagem do incênd
Page 55 and 56: Figura 11 - Distribuição dos regi
Page 57 and 58: A distribuição dos 332 registros
Page 59 and 60: Figura 14 - Distribuição por ano
Page 61 and 62:
Observou-se que não há uma relaç
Page 64 and 65:
Figura 15 - Mapa dos ROIs analisado
Page 66 and 67:
As figuras 16 e 17 mostram a distri
Page 68 and 69:
Verificou-se também a distribuiç
Page 70 and 71:
Quando calculado o IR para todos os
Page 72 and 73:
5.1.1.Orientação das Encostas e I
Page 74 and 75:
Figura 19 - Mapa de incidência de
Page 76 and 77:
Nota-se também, que há uma grande
Page 78 and 79:
Figura 21 - Gráfico do percentual
Page 80 and 81:
Apesar de o percentual de áreas co
Page 82 and 83:
eamostrado (1 arco-segundo ou ~ 30
Page 84 and 85:
Figura 25 - Gráfico comparativo do
Page 86 and 87:
distribuição dos incêndios dentr
Page 88 and 89:
Figura 27 - Mapa de classes declivi
Page 90 and 91:
A Figura 28 mostra o resultado da a
Page 92 and 93:
Figura 29 - Mapa de classes de alti
Page 94 and 95:
combustibilidade, enquanto as área
Page 96 and 97:
Figura 30 - Rede semântica utiliza
Page 98 and 99:
Silva (2006) classificou a área do
Page 100 and 101:
Tabela 12 - Distribuição do núme
Page 102 and 103:
5.3. PRECIPITAÇÃO As variáveis c
Page 104 and 105:
Tabela 13 - Distribuição dos inc
Page 106 and 107:
Figura 33 - Gráfico comparativo da
Page 108 and 109:
Figura 35 - Gráfico comparativo do
Page 110 and 111:
Tabela 14 - Síntese do sistema de
Page 112 and 113:
Figura 37 - Gráfico da variação
Page 114 and 115:
Os indicadores ―PA‖ apresentam
Page 116 and 117:
indicadores, o que aponta para a ne
Page 118 and 119:
Figura 39 - Gráfico da relação e
Page 120 and 121:
Figura 41 - Gráfico da relação d
Page 122 and 123:
elacionadas à prevenção e combat
Page 124 and 125:
Figura 42 - Mapa das variáveis só
Page 126 and 127:
estudadas. Mesmo considerando que a
Page 128 and 129:
altitude não foi utilizada porque
Page 130 and 131:
A Figura 44 mostra que apesar de a
Page 132 and 133:
Figura 44 - Gráfico da área ating
Page 134 and 135:
7. CONCLUSÕES 7.1. REGIME DE FOGO
Page 136 and 137:
conservação ou simples vandalismo
Page 138 and 139:
análise de cada um deles em separa
Page 140 and 141:
Que quantidade de biomassa acumulad
Page 142 and 143:
8. REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS ALM
Page 144 and 145:
BURROUGH, P. A. Principles of Geogr
Page 146 and 147:
município do Rio de Janeiro. Anuá
Page 148 and 149:
Dissertação de mestrado, Programa
Page 150 and 151:
de Assis; Lowen-Sahr, Cicilian Luiz
Page 152 and 153:
IBGE - Instituto Brasileiro de Geog
Page 154 and 155:
LASANTA, T.; CERDÀ, A. (2005) - Lo
Page 156 and 157:
MYERS, R. L. (2006). Convivir com E
Page 158 and 159:
Rocha do Planalto do Itatiaia. Bole
Page 160 and 161:
SILVA, L. C. V. (2006). Modelagem A
Page 162 and 163:
Apresentação em Power Point, Núc
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boletim nº 15 - ICMBio

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