Dissertação em PDF - departamento de engenharia florestal - ufpr ...

ABSTRACT
This work aims at developing a quantifying tool of greenhouse gas emissions (GEE)
in the civil construction segment and proposing models to compensate these gases
by planting forest species. The methodology applied was the GHG Protocol, which
was customized to the civil construction field. The effectiveness of the tool was tested
by inserting data of an actual building construction. The tool proved to be flexible to
any company in the civil construction segment in cases where the delimitation of the
scopes is in agreement with the actual situation of the company. The high efficiency
of its application in the construction segment rested positive given the wide range of
building materials used. It was also observed that a large amount of gases emitted in
the construction originated from its building materials, namely, the cement. It was
identified that the key emission processes, mainly the industrial process of building
material manufacturing. The study case emitted a total of 119,058.45 tCO2e. To
compensate the amount of GEE emissions by the forest sequestration, a pilot model
was developed proposing seven different scenarios, varying according to the
following species and plant spacing: Pinus, Eucalyptus and native species from
Atlantic Rain Forest, with 2.5 m x 2.5 m, 3 m x 2 m, and 3 m x 3 m. To analyze the
behaviour of the model developed, the emissions detected in the study case
construction were applied in it. According to the final result, the compensation model
showed that the Eucalyptus was the specie that demanded the greatest area and
number of tree saplings for the GEE sequestration, followed by the native species
and the Pinus. Within the tested models, in order to compensate the emissions
beforementioned, it was necessary a minimum number of 278,070 saplings of Pinus
using an area of 263 ha, and 1,243,917 saplings of Eucalyptus using an area of 817
ha.The sequestration of carbon by the plantation of trees is more effective during
their early growing years. Once the GEE gases continue to be emitted, it is highly
important that young new trees are planted each year and monitored. From the
results, it was concluded that the efforts to combat the climate change shall be
simultaneously applied: recording the GEE emissions, applying strategies of
reduction in the key processes, and compensating the emissions of gases by forest
plantation.
Key - words: Greenhouse gases, GHG Protocol, compensation of GHG emissions.
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