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OPORTUNIDADES<br />

janeiro/fevereiro 2011 JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2011<br />

informativo <strong>da</strong> secretaria <strong>da</strong> indústria, comércio e mineração do governo <strong>da</strong> bahia<br />

<strong>conseLho</strong> <strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>senvoLvImento<br />

<strong>IndustrIaL</strong><br />

do autoritarismo para a <strong>de</strong>mocracia<br />

<strong>de</strong> fato: agora quem <strong>de</strong>fine a política<br />

industrial e comercial são os<br />

próprios agentes econômicos<br />

COUNCIL fOR INDUSTRIAL DEVELOpMENT<br />

from authoritarianism to <strong>de</strong>-facto<br />

<strong>de</strong>mocracy: economic agents themselves<br />

are to <strong>de</strong>termine industrial and<br />

political policy<br />

bahia <strong>de</strong><br />

salTO alTO<br />

indústria baiana <strong>de</strong> calçados gera 33,5 mil empregos diretos e<br />

coloca o estado em quinto lugar nas exportações do setor no país<br />

BAhIA ON hIGh hEELS footwear sector generates 33.5 thousand direct<br />

jobs to make bahia fifth in the segment’s exports in the country


apresentação<br />

apresentacão presentatIon<br />

O FUTURO<br />

já chegOU<br />

A<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong> continua trilhando o caminho do <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento<br />

sustentável e confirmando sua<br />

vocação <strong>de</strong> terra <strong>de</strong> bons negócios. Com or<strong>de</strong>m<br />

na casa, a economia do Estado pulsa no<br />

compasso certo, e os frutos do trabalho começam a ser<br />

colhidos. Nesta edição <strong>de</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> Oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s, veja<br />

como o Complexo Industrial <strong>de</strong> Camaçari ganhou novo<br />

fôlego após a negociação com o governo do Estado para<br />

a liberação dos créditos fiscais do ICMS, pen<strong>de</strong>ntes há 15<br />

anos. Hoje, o Polo respon<strong>de</strong> por 30% do PIB baiano. E a<br />

tendência <strong>de</strong> crescimento se consoli<strong>da</strong> com a reimplantação<br />

do Conselho <strong>de</strong> Desenvolvimento Industrial (CDI), que<br />

envolve o empresariado e a socie<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> no <strong>de</strong>bate sobre<br />

as políticas públicas <strong>de</strong> estímulo à ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> econômica –<br />

tema <strong>de</strong> gran<strong>de</strong> reportagem nesta edição.<br />

Você também conhecerá gente simples e empreen<strong>de</strong>dora,<br />

que virou dona do próprio negócio formando<br />

cooperativas que garantem ren<strong>da</strong> para mais 224 mil<br />

baianos. No canteiro <strong>de</strong> obras que virou a <strong>Bahia</strong>, on<strong>de</strong> a<br />

construção civil fechou 2010 com um crescimento superior<br />

a 20%, também há espaço para an<strong>da</strong>r a passos largos:<br />

o setor calçadista gera 33,5 mil postos <strong>de</strong> trabalho e já<br />

é o quinto do País em exportações. Veja, ain<strong>da</strong>, como a<br />

celulose impulsiona a riqueza do extremo sul e como a<br />

gran<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>man<strong>da</strong> redobrou os esforços para a implantação<br />

<strong>de</strong> um novo centro industrial em Feira <strong>de</strong> Santana.<br />

Com tantas boas notícias, 2011 traz perspectivas ain<strong>da</strong><br />

mais otimistas para os que acreditam que na <strong>Bahia</strong>, terra<br />

<strong>de</strong> todos nós, sempre há espaço para quem faz o futuro<br />

virar presente. Boa leitura!<br />

Informativo <strong>da</strong><br />

Secretaria <strong>da</strong> Indústria,<br />

Comércio e Mineração do<br />

<strong>Governo</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

Newsletter by the Secretariat<br />

of Industry, Commerce and Mining<br />

of the Government of <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

Centro Administrativo <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> – CAB<br />

IV Aveni<strong>da</strong>, 415 – Salvador – <strong>Bahia</strong> – Brasil<br />

CEP: 41.745-002 – Tel.: (71) 3115-7816/3115-7836<br />

E-mail: revista@sicm.ba.gov.br<br />

Janeiro/Fevereiro 2011<br />

www.sicm.ba.gov.br<br />

governador do estado state governor<br />

Jaques Wagner<br />

vice-governador vice-governor<br />

Otto Alencar<br />

secretário <strong>da</strong> indústria, comércio e mineração<br />

secretary of industry, commerce and mining<br />

James Correia<br />

secretário <strong>da</strong> indústria naval e portuária<br />

secretary, naval and port industry<br />

Roberto Benjamin<br />

superinten<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> indústria e mineração<br />

superinten<strong>de</strong>nt, industry and mining<br />

Paulo Guimarães<br />

superinten<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> comércio e serviços<br />

superinten<strong>de</strong>nt, commerce and services<br />

Adhvan Furtado<br />

The fuTure has arrived<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong> continues on the path of sustainable <strong>de</strong>velopment and<br />

confirming its vocation as a land of good business. With the<br />

house in or<strong>de</strong>r, the state’s economy beats in the right rhythm<br />

and the fruits of labor are beginning to be harvested. In this<br />

issue of <strong>Bahia</strong> Oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s, you will see how the Camaçari<br />

Industrial Complex has received new impetus after negotiation<br />

with the state government for releasing ICMS tax credits, pending<br />

for 15 years. To<strong>da</strong>y, the Pole represents 30% of the State’s<br />

GDP. And this growth trend has been consoli<strong>da</strong>ted with the<br />

reimplementation of the Council for Industrial Development<br />

(CDI), which gathers entrepreneurs and society in the <strong>de</strong>bate on<br />

public policies to stimulate the economic activity – a subject for<br />

a long article in this issue.<br />

You will also get to know ordinary, entrepreneur people,<br />

who are now owners of their own businesses through cooperatives<br />

that ensure income for over 224 thousand <strong>Bahia</strong>ns. <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

has become a worksite, with civil construction closing 2010 with<br />

a 20% growth and room for taking larger stri<strong>de</strong>s: The footwear<br />

sector generates 33.5 thousand job posts and is the country’s<br />

fifth in exports. You will also see how pulp boosts wealth in the<br />

state’s far south, and its large <strong>de</strong>mand has increased efforts to<br />

implement a new industrial plant in Feira <strong>de</strong> Santana. With so<br />

many good news stories, 2011 brings an even more optimistic<br />

outlook for those who believe in <strong>Bahia</strong>, the land of all of us,<br />

where there is always room for those who make the future come<br />

true. Enjoy reading this!<br />

assessor-geral <strong>de</strong><br />

comunicação social<br />

general advisor, social communication<br />

Robinson Almei<strong>da</strong><br />

coor<strong>de</strong>nação geral<br />

general coordination<br />

Nestor Men<strong>de</strong>s Jr.<br />

coor<strong>de</strong>nação editorial<br />

editorial coordination<br />

Ana Paula Ramos<br />

1576 DRT-BA<br />

projeto gráfico<br />

graphic <strong>de</strong>sign<br />

Alan Maia<br />

diagramação<br />

<strong>de</strong>sign<br />

Kauan Sales<br />

re<strong>da</strong>ção<br />

reporters<br />

An<strong>de</strong>rson Vessechia<br />

Fabiane Pita<br />

João Eça<br />

Luiz Souza<br />

Paloma Jacobina<br />

Pedro Carvalho<br />

Perla Ribeiro<br />

Valana Gualuz<br />

fotografia<br />

photography<br />

João Alvarez<br />

Istock.com<br />

Alberto Coutinho<br />

Ronaldo Silva<br />

Vaner Casaes<br />

Jorge Cor<strong>de</strong>iro<br />

Agecom<br />

Adri Fel<strong>de</strong>n/Argosfoto<br />

ilustração<br />

illustration<br />

Osvaldo Pavanelli<br />

revisão<br />

proofreading<br />

Cristiane Sampaio<br />

tradução<br />

translation<br />

Arte Comercial<br />

pré-impressão<br />

e impressão<br />

pre-printing and printing<br />

Gráfica Contraste<br />

tiragem<br />

print run<br />

10.000 exemplares / 10,000 copies


6<br />

33<br />

O ESTÍMULO DO CDI<br />

Conselho <strong>de</strong> Desenvolvimento Industrial dinamiza<br />

a relação entre governo e setor produtivo,<br />

impulsionando ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> econômica.<br />

CDI STIMULUS Council for Industrial Development<br />

makes more dynamic the relationship of<br />

government with the productive sector, boosting<br />

the economic activity.<br />

44<br />

CANTEIRO BAIANO<br />

Habitação e obras públicas incrementam construção civil,<br />

que fechou 2010 com crescimento superior a 20%.<br />

BAHIA’S CONSTRUCTION SITE Housing and public<br />

works foster civil construction, closing 2010 with<br />

a 20%-plus growth.<br />

52<br />

EM CIMA DO SALTO<br />

Expansão do setor calçadista coloca a <strong>Bahia</strong> no quinto<br />

lugar em exportações do segmento no País.<br />

ON HIGH HEELS Footwear sector expansion makes<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong> fifth in the segment’s exports in the country.<br />

ENTREvISTA<br />

Carlos Alberto Matos Vieira Lima, presi<strong>de</strong>nte do<br />

Sindicato <strong>da</strong> Indústria <strong>da</strong> Construção Civil do Estado <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>Bahia</strong> (Sinduscon-BA).<br />

INTERVIEW Carlos Alberto Matos Vieira Lima,<br />

Presi<strong>de</strong>nt of Sinduscon-BA (Construction Tra<strong>de</strong><br />

Association of the State of <strong>Bahia</strong>).<br />

12<br />

POLO DE<br />

sumárIo contents<br />

DESENVOLVIMENTO<br />

Centro Industrial <strong>de</strong> Camaçari respon<strong>de</strong> por 30%<br />

do PIB baiano e fatura cerca <strong>de</strong> US$ 15 bilhões por<br />

ano. DEVELOPMENT POLE Camaçari Industrial<br />

Complex is responsible for 30% of <strong>Bahia</strong>’s GDP,<br />

billing about US$ 15 billion a year.<br />

24<br />

54<br />

O ‘BOOM’ DA CELULOSE<br />

Nova uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>da</strong> Veracel, que terá investimentos<br />

<strong>de</strong> mais <strong>de</strong> R$ 4 bilhões, impulsiona o setor.<br />

PULP BOOM Veracel’s new unit, with investments<br />

of over R$ 4 billion, drives the industry.<br />

61<br />

DIvIDINDO LUCROS<br />

Cooperativas geram ren<strong>da</strong> para mais <strong>de</strong> 224<br />

mil baianos e tornam possível o sonho <strong>de</strong><br />

ter o próprio negócio. SHARING PROFITS<br />

Cooperatives generate income for over 224<br />

thousand <strong>Bahia</strong>ns and make the dream of having<br />

their own business come true.<br />

A PRINCESA DO SERTÃO<br />

Gran<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>man<strong>da</strong> gera parceria entre governo e<br />

prefeitura para implantar novo centro industrial em<br />

Feira <strong>de</strong> Santana. PRINCESS OF THE BACKWOODS<br />

Large <strong>de</strong>mand generates partnership between state<br />

and municipal governments to implement a new<br />

industrial center in Feira <strong>de</strong> Santana.<br />

64 bons negócios GOOD BUSINESS<br />

66 investir na bahia INVESTING IN BAHIA<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 5


IndústrIa Industry<br />

A PASSOS<br />

expanSão do polo calçadiSta baiano, que gera 33,5 mil poStoS <strong>de</strong> trabalho,<br />

coloca o eStado no quinto lugar em exportaçõeS do Setor no paÍS<br />

expansion of bahia’s footwear manufacturing pole, generating 33.5 thousand jobs<br />

and placing the state in fifth place in the country’s exports in this sector<br />

pOR/By CLAUDIA LESSA


laRgOs<br />

sTri<strong>de</strong>s forward<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>’s shoemaking pole already inclu<strong>de</strong>s 48 industrial<br />

concerns. A further 13 are in the process of public<br />

ten<strong>de</strong>r, expansion or application for land. The sector<br />

– a major success of the State government’s policy of moving<br />

<strong>de</strong>velopment upstate – is now responsible for the generation of<br />

33.5 thousand jobs all over the State. Data provi<strong>de</strong>d by SUDIC<br />

(Superinten<strong>de</strong>nce for Industrial and Tra<strong>de</strong> Development of<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>), a body linked to the State Secretariat for Industry and<br />

Tra<strong>de</strong>, also indicate that investments on the part of companies<br />

with protocols of intention amount to nearly R$ 424 million.<br />

The refl ection of the sector’s expansion is evi<strong>de</strong>nced<br />

by the ranking carried out by Promo (<strong>Bahia</strong>’s International<br />

Business Center). <strong>Bahia</strong> used to be in 8th place among the<br />

country’s shoemaking sector exporters. It was behind the<br />

states of Rio Gran<strong>de</strong> do Sul (the lea<strong>de</strong>r with foreign sales in<br />

excess of US$ 1 billion a year), Sao Paulo, Ceara, Paraiba,<br />

Santa Catarina, Minas Gerais and Parana. To<strong>da</strong>y, <strong>Bahia</strong> has<br />

already overtaken the three latter and ranks fi fth.<br />

The expansion phase of <strong>Bahia</strong>’s industry is consoli<strong>da</strong>ting<br />

in 2010, with a government investment of nearly R$ 42<br />

million. The year before, also thanks to State support, the<br />

sector closed its balance with over 35 million pairs of shoes<br />

produced in <strong>Bahia</strong>, for a global value of R$ 850 million.<br />

Haroldo Ferreira, presi<strong>de</strong>nt of Sindicalçados (<strong>Bahia</strong> Tra<strong>de</strong><br />

Association of Footwear, Components and Artifacts) predicted<br />

that this year production would increase about 10%.<br />

“The shoemaking segment in <strong>Bahia</strong> is going through an<br />

excellent phase of growth. There are many companies requesting<br />

expansion and new sheds. This is very good for the<br />

economy of <strong>Bahia</strong>, because it generates wealth and income<br />

with new jobs,” in the analysis of SUDIC’s presi<strong>de</strong>nt-director<br />

Nilton Cardoso <strong>da</strong> Cruz. He mentions Calçados Malú, in Alagoinhas,<br />

and Free Way, in Jacobina, as examples of factories<br />

that have already requested more land for their operations.<br />

O<br />

polo calçadista baiano já abriga 48<br />

indústrias. Outras 13 estão em processo<br />

<strong>de</strong> licitação, ampliação ou solicitação <strong>de</strong><br />

área. O setor, um dos maiores êxitos <strong>da</strong><br />

política do governo para a interiorização<br />

do <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento, é responsável pela geração <strong>de</strong><br />

33,5 mil postos <strong>de</strong> trabalho em todo o Estado. Dados<br />

<strong>da</strong> Superintendência <strong>de</strong> Desenvolvimento Industrial e<br />

Comercial <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> (Sudic), órgão vinculado à Secretaria<br />

<strong>de</strong> Indústria e Comércio, dão conta, ain<strong>da</strong>, <strong>de</strong> que o<br />

investimento <strong>de</strong> empresas com protocolos <strong>de</strong> intenções é<br />

<strong>de</strong> quase R$ 424 milhões.<br />

O refl exo <strong>da</strong> expansão fi ca evi<strong>de</strong>nciado no ranking do<br />

Centro Internacional <strong>de</strong> Negócios <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> (Promo). Antes,<br />

a <strong>Bahia</strong> ocupava o oitavo lugar entre os exportadores do<br />

setor calçadista do País, atrás <strong>de</strong> Rio Gran<strong>de</strong> do Sul (lí<strong>de</strong>r<br />

com ven<strong>da</strong>s externas superiores a US$ 1 bilhão ao ano),<br />

São Paulo, Ceará, Paraíba, Santa Catarina, Minas Gerais e<br />

Paraná. Hoje, o Estado já superou os três últimos e ocupa<br />

o quinto lugar do ranking.<br />

A fase <strong>de</strong> expansão <strong>da</strong> indústria baiana se consolidou,<br />

em 2010, com o investimento do governo <strong>de</strong> cerca R$ 42<br />

milhões. Em 2009, graças também ao apoio estadual, o<br />

setor fechou a balança com mais <strong>de</strong> 35 milhões <strong>de</strong> pares<br />

<strong>de</strong> calçados produzidos na <strong>Bahia</strong>, num valor global <strong>de</strong><br />

R$ 850 milhões. A previsão do presi<strong>de</strong>nte do Sindicato<br />

<strong>da</strong> Indústria <strong>de</strong> Calçados, Componentes e Artefatos <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>Bahia</strong> (Sindicalçados), Haroldo Ferreira, é que a produção<br />

fechasse 2010 com um crescimento em torno <strong>de</strong> 10%.<br />

“O segmento calçadista está em uma ótima fase. São<br />

muitas empresas solicitando ampliação, e isso é muito bom<br />

para a economia baiana”, analisa o diretor-presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong><br />

Sudic, Nilton Cardoso <strong>da</strong> Cruz. Ele cita a Calçados Malú,<br />

em Alagoinhas, e a Free Way, em Jacobina, como exemplos<br />

<strong>de</strong> fábricas que já pediram aumento <strong>de</strong> área.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 7


IndústrIa Industry<br />

8<br />

Há ain<strong>da</strong> empresas que estão solicitando espaços para<br />

implantação por intermédio <strong>da</strong> Sudic, a exemplo <strong>da</strong> Multi<br />

Injet, que aten<strong>de</strong>rá a Bibi Calçados, em Cruz <strong>da</strong>s Almas.<br />

Outras, como a Calçados Pega<strong>da</strong>, em Ruy Barbosa, e a<br />

Amazonas, em Jequié, só estão aguar<strong>da</strong>ndo a or<strong>de</strong>m <strong>de</strong><br />

serviço para começar as obras <strong>de</strong> ampliação. A primeira<br />

vai gerar mais 550 empregos, entre diretos e indiretos. A<br />

segun<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong>verá passar <strong>de</strong> 228 empregos diretos para 380.<br />

“Os efeitos estão sendo muito positivos, porque, como<br />

as empresas estão instala<strong>da</strong>s no interior, elas possibilitam<br />

uma melhor distribuição <strong>de</strong> ren<strong>da</strong> por todo o Estado”,<br />

analisa o dirigente do Sindicalçados.<br />

Para fortalecer a ca<strong>de</strong>ia produtiva, o governo tem contribuído<br />

com incentivos fiscais. “Com esse apoio, as empresas<br />

menores, fornecedoras <strong>de</strong> artigos para calçados,<br />

também são beneficia<strong>da</strong>s, pois precisam aumentar a produção<br />

para aten<strong>de</strong>r à <strong>de</strong>man<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>s gran<strong>de</strong>s indústrias”,<br />

<strong>de</strong>staca o diretor-presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> Sudic.<br />

O presi<strong>de</strong>nte do Sindicalçados endossa: “O Estado<br />

tem sido muito importante para a afirmação <strong>da</strong> indústria<br />

calçadista baiana através <strong>de</strong> seus planos <strong>de</strong> atração e manutenção<br />

<strong>da</strong>s empresas. Po<strong>de</strong>mos afirmar que, atualmente,<br />

a <strong>Bahia</strong> é um dos mais importantes polos <strong>de</strong> produção<br />

<strong>de</strong> calçados do País e as expectativas são muito boas”.<br />

Impacto socIal<br />

O polo calçadista baiano, espalhado por quase 30<br />

municípios, reúne marcas conheci<strong>da</strong>s como Azaleia, Bibi,<br />

Vulcabrás, Ramarim, Kil<strong>da</strong>re, Disport do Brasil/Paquetá<br />

(fornecedora <strong>da</strong> Adi<strong>da</strong>s e Diadora), Dal Ponte, Picadilly,<br />

Dass e Bison/Via Uno. Na 37ª edição <strong>da</strong> Couromo<strong>da</strong> (maior<br />

feira <strong>de</strong> calçados e artigos <strong>de</strong> couro <strong>da</strong> América Latina, realiza<strong>da</strong><br />

em janeiro), essas companhias anunciaram expansão<br />

<strong>da</strong>s suas ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s no Estado nos próximos anos.<br />

É significativo o impacto social nas ci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s baianas on<strong>de</strong><br />

o mercado interno <strong>de</strong> calçados – que também produz acessórios,<br />

como bolsas, cintos, carteiras e pastas – está aquecido.<br />

“A injeção <strong>de</strong> estímulo que o governo baiano dá ao<br />

segmento tem aberto novos postos <strong>de</strong> trabalho para a população<br />

local. Na nossa fábrica, em Cruz <strong>da</strong>s Almas, empregamos<br />

970 colaboradores e, no prazo <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>z anos, temos<br />

projeto <strong>de</strong> inaugurar mais <strong>de</strong>z lojas”, atesta o gerente-geral<br />

<strong>da</strong> Bibi Nor<strong>de</strong>ste Calçados, Luís Henrique Gonçalves, gaúcho<br />

que já está na <strong>Bahia</strong> há mais <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>z anos.<br />

Ele conta que, <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> que se instalou em Cruz <strong>da</strong>s Almas,<br />

em 1998, a Bibi Calçados, que trabalha com produtos<br />

infantis, já investiu mais <strong>de</strong> R$ 10 milhões no setor. “Vejo<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

Processo <strong>de</strong> criação AquelA sAndáliA mArAvilhosA dA vitrine que mexe com A<br />

cAbeçA do mulherio não chegA Ali, nAquele “AltAr”, num<br />

piscAr <strong>de</strong> olhos. nA mo<strong>de</strong>rnA indústriA <strong>de</strong> cAlçAdos, As etApAs dA criAção são múltiplAs, <strong>de</strong>licAdAs<br />

e distintAs. todA A operAção que envolve A produção <strong>de</strong> um sApAto levA, em médiA, <strong>de</strong> 20 A 30 diAs.<br />

confirA o processo <strong>de</strong> fAbricAção – que vAi <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> A mo<strong>de</strong>lAgem Até A distribuição no mercAdo,<br />

pAssAndo pelA prepArAção do couro, costurA e montAgem. ProCeSS of Creation: THaT wonDerful pair of<br />

sanDals THaT Turns THe HeaDs of woMen Does noT geT all THis way onTo an “alTar” in THe blink of an eye. in THe MoDern<br />

sHoe inDusTry, THere are a nuMber of DeliCaTe anD DisTinCT sTages in CreaTion. THe wHole operaTion leaDing To THe<br />

proDuCTion of a pair of sHoes Takes an average of 20 To 30 Days. CHeCk ouT THe ManufaCTuring proCess, froM MoDeling<br />

To final DisTribuTion in THe MarkeT, progressing THrougH THe sTages of preparing THe leaTHer, sewing anD asseMbly.<br />

Mo<strong>de</strong>lageM: Criação, elaboração e acompanhamento dos mo<strong>de</strong>los<br />

no processo <strong>de</strong> fabricação. O mo<strong>de</strong>lista usa <strong>de</strong> sua criativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

para <strong>de</strong>senvolver um novo produto. Mo<strong>de</strong>ling: Creating, preparing<br />

and watching over mo<strong>de</strong>ls in the manufacturing process. Mo<strong>de</strong>lers use their creativity<br />

to <strong>de</strong>velop new products for the market, in line with trends for upcoming collections.<br />

Corte: Cortadores utilizam <strong>de</strong> sua habili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> para fazer um corte<br />

perfeito nas peças a serem monta<strong>da</strong>s no sapato. Na operação<br />

<strong>de</strong> corte <strong>da</strong>s diferentes peças que compõem o cabe<strong>da</strong>l (parte<br />

superior do calçado), são utiliza<strong>da</strong>s lâminas e facas especiais.<br />

Cutting: Cutters use their skill to make perfect cuts on the pieces to be put on shoes.<br />

During the cutting operations of the different pieces, comprising the leather uppers (the top of a shoe) special knives<br />

and/or cutting rockers are used.<br />

Costura: As peças <strong>de</strong> couro são costura<strong>da</strong>s uma a uma e, no final no processo,<br />

obtém-se o cabe<strong>da</strong>l, que é a parte superior em couro do calçado. Sewing: The leather<br />

parts are sewn one by one and, at the end of the process, the leather upper (top of the shoe) is ready.<br />

Pré-fabriCação: Fabricação <strong>de</strong> solas, saltos e palmilhas. Muitas empresas<br />

não têm esse setor, pois existem fábricas que se especializam na produção <strong>de</strong>sses<br />

materiais. PrefabriCation: Manufacturing soles, heels and insoles. Many companies do not have this<br />

section, because there are factories specializing in these items.<br />

MontageM: Aqui o cabe<strong>da</strong>l é colado à palmilha por um processo semiautomatizado,<br />

on<strong>de</strong> apenas um operador realiza o trabalho <strong>de</strong> várias pessoas, diminuindo<br />

o tempo <strong>de</strong> execução e aumentando a quali<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>ste processo. Depois, vem a<br />

sequência <strong>da</strong> montagem do cabe<strong>da</strong>l, on<strong>de</strong> a parte lateral e traseira são cola<strong>da</strong>s<br />

e prega<strong>da</strong>s na palmilha. aSSeMbly: Here the leather upper (top of the shoe) is glued to the insole in a<br />

semi-automatic process, where a single operator does the work of several people, lessening execution time and<br />

increasing the quality of the process. Then comes the leather upper assembly process, where the lateral and rear<br />

are glued and nailed to the insole.<br />

There are also enterprises that are requesting space for<br />

implementation through SUDIC, for example Multi Injet,<br />

which is to attend to Bibi Calçados, in Cruz <strong>da</strong>s Almas. Others,<br />

such as Calçados Pega<strong>da</strong>, in Ruy Barbosa, and Amazonas,<br />

in Jequié, are awaiting service or<strong>de</strong>rs to start work on<br />

extensions. With its extension, the former will generate an<br />

additional 550 direct and indirect jobs, while the latter is<br />

expected to increase the number of direct jobs generated<br />

from 228 to 380.<br />

“The effects are very positive because, as these companies<br />

are upstate, they make for better distribution of<br />

income throughout the State, helping local economies to<br />

<strong>de</strong>velop too,” in the analysis of Sindicalçados’ director.<br />

To strengthen the production chain, the government<br />

has contributed with fiscal incentives for industry. “With this<br />

support, smaller enterprises supplying articles for shoes<br />

also benefit, because they need to increase production<br />

to meet the <strong>de</strong>mand of big companies, generating more<br />

wealth in the State,” consi<strong>de</strong>rs SUDIC’s presi<strong>de</strong>nt-director.<br />

The presi<strong>de</strong>nt of Sindicalçados endorses this: “The<br />

State has greatly helped <strong>Bahia</strong>’s footwear industry to put<br />

down roots, by means of its plans to attract and retain<br />

companies. You can say that currently <strong>Bahia</strong> is one of the


ColageM <strong>da</strong> sola: A sola é cola<strong>da</strong> ao cabe<strong>da</strong>l já completamente<br />

montado. Após a colagem, alguns tipos <strong>de</strong> sola ain<strong>da</strong> passam pelo<br />

processo <strong>de</strong> blaqueamento (costura) para garantir um ótimo nível <strong>de</strong><br />

quali<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>. gluing tHe Sole: The sole is glued to the now fully assembled leather upper.<br />

after it has been glued on, some kinds of sole go through the process of welting (sewing)<br />

to ensure a very high stan<strong>da</strong>rd of quality.<br />

PlanCHaMento: Após to<strong>da</strong>s as etapas <strong>de</strong> montagem concluí<strong>da</strong>s, o sapato passa pelo<br />

planchamento, que é o acabamento fi nal do produto antes <strong>de</strong> ser embalado. Escovamento,<br />

pintura e limpeza estão ligados a essa fase. finiSHing: after all the stages of assembly are conclu<strong>de</strong>d,<br />

shoes un<strong>de</strong>rgo fi nishing before being packaged. brushing, staining and cleaning are associated with this phase.<br />

eXPedição: No último processo, o sapato passa por um controle <strong>de</strong> quali<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>, on<strong>de</strong> é<br />

checa<strong>da</strong> e soluciona<strong>da</strong> qualquer imperfeição. Então fi nalmente o produto po<strong>de</strong> ser embalado<br />

e enviado ao mercado <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>stino. SHiPMent: in the last stage, shoes un<strong>de</strong>rgo quality control, where any<br />

imperfections are checked and solved. Then, fi nally, the product can be packaged and shipped to its <strong>de</strong>stination market.<br />

ÍCONES DA MODA E DO SUCESSO – clássicos ou fAshions, os sApAtos contAm histÓriAs Ao longo do tempo. seus<br />

mo<strong>de</strong>los, por suA veZ, vAriAm <strong>de</strong> Acordo com A épocA, A estAção. cAdA um pArA umA ocAsião, Aos pés <strong>de</strong> seus usuários.<br />

ICONS OF FASHION AND SUCCESS – WHETHER CLASSICAL OR FASHIONABLE, SHOES HAVE HAD STORIES TO TELL OVER TIME.<br />

SHOE MODELS, IN TURN, HAVE DIFFERED IN DIFFERENT TIMES AND SEASONS. EACH FOR AN OCCASION, AT THE FEET OF OWNERS<br />

O estilo chanel é um dos mais célebres do mundo, com<br />

seu formato alongado, salto confortável e aberto no<br />

calcanhar. Este tipo <strong>de</strong> calçado bicolor, mo<strong>da</strong> no início<br />

dos anos <strong>de</strong> 1960, virou um clássico. The Chanel style is<br />

one of the world’s most celebrated, with elongated format,<br />

comfortable heels and open backs. These two-tone shoes,<br />

chinelo marroquino, popular na Turquia. No século XVIII,<br />

era usado por homens e, com saltinho, pelas mulheres.<br />

A very successful mo<strong>de</strong>l, the mule is a backless shoe with<br />

a closed toe, inspired by Moroccan slippers, which were<br />

popular in Turkey. In the 18th Century, they were worn by<br />

men and, with low heels, by women.<br />

fashionable in the 1960s, have become a classic.<br />

Calçado leve, originalmente usado por cria<strong>da</strong>s no século<br />

O scarpin não sai <strong>de</strong> linha. Sapato fechado, com salto<br />

médio ou alto e um <strong>de</strong>sign que se afi na em direção ao<br />

bico, esse mo<strong>de</strong>lo clássico foi popularizado por Christian<br />

Dior, em 1947. Scarpins are never out of style. A closed<br />

shoe, with medium or high heels and a <strong>de</strong>sign growing narrower<br />

in the front, this classic mo<strong>de</strong>l was ma<strong>de</strong> popular by<br />

Christian Dior in 1947.<br />

XVIII, a sapatilha foi adota<strong>da</strong> pelas elegantes francesas<br />

em 1803 para <strong>da</strong>nçar nos bailes. No fi nal do século XIX,<br />

o calçado ganhou os pés masculinos. Na déca<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong> 1950,<br />

as sapatilhas se tornaram cult nos pés <strong>da</strong>s atrizes Audrey<br />

Hepburn e Brigitte Bardot. Light, low-heeled shoes, originally<br />

worn by house servants in the 18th Century, ballerina<br />

fl ats were adopted by elegant Frenchwomen in 1803 for<br />

<strong>da</strong>ncing at balls. At the end of the 19th Century, they were<br />

Originalmente confeccionados pelos índios norte-americanos<br />

com casca <strong>de</strong> árvore, sem salto, o mocassim é consi<strong>de</strong>-<br />

also worn by men. In the 1950s, they became a cult, on the<br />

feet of actresses Audrey Hepburn and Brigitte Bardot.<br />

rado um calçado polivalente e curinga em qualquer estação.<br />

De salto baixo, médio ou alto, o mo<strong>de</strong>lo acompanha to<strong>da</strong>s<br />

as tendências. Originally worn by indigenous people in North<br />

America, ma<strong>de</strong> with bark from trees, with no heels, moccasins<br />

are consi<strong>de</strong>red all-use, versatile shoes for all seasons. With<br />

low, medium or high heels, different mo<strong>de</strong>ls follow all trends.<br />

De apelo erótico, a sandália nunca saiu <strong>de</strong> mo<strong>da</strong>. Nos<br />

tempos atuais, estão <strong>de</strong> volta com to<strong>da</strong> a força a rasteirinha,<br />

a gladiadora, a ankle boots (botas <strong>de</strong> cano<br />

baixo) e a meia-pata (salto alto, acompanhado por uma<br />

plataforma apenas na meta<strong>de</strong> <strong>da</strong> frente do solado). With<br />

their erotic appeal, san<strong>da</strong>ls have always been in style. In<br />

current times, fl ip-fl ops, gladiators, ankle boots, and pla-<br />

Mo<strong>de</strong>lo <strong>de</strong> gran<strong>de</strong> sucesso, o mule é um tipo aberto no<br />

calcanhar e fechado na frente, com inspiração em um<br />

tform san<strong>da</strong>ls (high heels and a platform un<strong>de</strong>r the front<br />

half of the sole).<br />

que tanto o governo fe<strong>de</strong>ral como o estadual têm se empenhado<br />

para valorizar o segmento, buscando diminuir as<br />

taxas tributárias. Estamos muito satisfeitos. Nossa meta foi<br />

crescer 10% em 2010 na <strong>Bahia</strong>, que já respon<strong>de</strong> por cerca<br />

<strong>de</strong> 60% <strong>da</strong> nossa produção nacional”, revela. Atualmente,<br />

a empresa produz sete mil pares <strong>de</strong> calçados/dia. Segundo<br />

ele, cerca <strong>de</strong> 20% <strong>da</strong> produção <strong>da</strong> Bibi é vendi<strong>da</strong> para<br />

mais <strong>de</strong> 60 países.<br />

A fábrica Dal Ponte, instala<strong>da</strong> no município baiano <strong>de</strong><br />

Santo Antônio <strong>de</strong> Jesus <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> 2003, com fi liais em Muritiba<br />

e Uibaíra, é outro exemplo empresarial bem-sucedido.<br />

“Estamos crescendo na <strong>Bahia</strong>. No segundo semestre do<br />

ano passado registramos um crescimento <strong>de</strong> 20% em relação<br />

aos primeiros seis meses”, afi rma o gerente industrial<br />

Luiz Magni.<br />

Diante <strong>da</strong> conjuntura favoreci<strong>da</strong> com o incentivo fi scal<br />

sobre o ICMS e com a cessão <strong>de</strong> terrenos, como se <strong>de</strong>u<br />

nas uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> Santo Antônio <strong>de</strong> Jesus e Muritiba, Magni<br />

revela que uma quarta se<strong>de</strong> <strong>da</strong> Dal Ponte está sendo negocia<strong>da</strong>.<br />

“Mas, por enquanto, não posso adiantar na<strong>da</strong> sobre<br />

o nosso novo parque fabril”, <strong>de</strong>sconversa. Atualmente,<br />

a empresa oferece 900 postos <strong>de</strong> trabalho somente em<br />

Santo Antônio <strong>de</strong> Jesus.<br />

country’s most important shoe production poles. We have<br />

great expectations, in view of the growth of the Brazilian<br />

economy at large.”<br />

social impacT<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>’s shoemaking pole is spread over nearly 30 municipalities,<br />

and inclu<strong>de</strong>s well-known brands such as Azaléia,<br />

Bibi, Vulcabras, Ramarim, Kil<strong>da</strong>re, Disport do Brasil/<br />

Paquetá (suppliers to Adi<strong>da</strong>s and Diadora), Dal Ponte,<br />

Piccadilly, Dass and Bison/Via Uno. On the 37th edition of<br />

Couromo<strong>da</strong> (Latin America’s biggest footwear and leather<br />

article tra<strong>de</strong> show) last January, these companies announced<br />

plans for expanding their activities in the State<br />

over the next few years.<br />

Social impact on <strong>Bahia</strong>’s cities where the internal market<br />

for shoes has heated up is signifi cant. Other accessories<br />

such as purses, belts, wallets and briefcases are also produced.<br />

“The injection of stimulus given the segment by the<br />

government of <strong>Bahia</strong> has opened up new jobs for the local<br />

population. We employ 970 people at our factory in Cruz<br />

<strong>da</strong>s Almas, and we plan to open another ten stores over<br />

the next ten years,” states Bibi Nor<strong>de</strong>ste Calçados’ general<br />

manager Luís Henrique Gonçalves, a native of Rio Gran<strong>de</strong><br />

do Sul state who settled in <strong>Bahia</strong> over ten years ago.<br />

He tells us that since it was fi rst set up in Cruz <strong>da</strong>s Almas<br />

in 1998 Bibi Calçados, which makes children’s articles, has<br />

already invested over R$ 10 million in the sector. “I see that<br />

the fe<strong>de</strong>ral and State governments have ma<strong>de</strong> an effort to<br />

valorize the segment, by reducing tax rates. We are very<br />

satisfi ed. Our target was to grow 10% this year in <strong>Bahia</strong>,<br />

which already accounts for 60% of our national production,”<br />

he reveals. The company currently produces seven<br />

thousand pairs of shoes a <strong>da</strong>y. According to him, 20% of<br />

Bibi’s production is exported to over 60 countries.<br />

Dal Ponte’s factory in <strong>Bahia</strong>’s municipality of Santo Antônio<br />

<strong>de</strong> Jesus, where it was set up in 2003, with branches<br />

in Muritiba and Uibaíra, is another example of a successful<br />

enterprise. “We’re growing in <strong>Bahia</strong>. We had a 20% growth<br />

in the second half of last year as compared to the fi rst half,”<br />

believes industrial manager Luíz Magni.<br />

Due to the situation favored with fi scal incentives regarding<br />

ICMS and land concessions, as happened in the<br />

cases of the Santo Antônio <strong>de</strong> Jesus and Muritiba units,<br />

Magni discloses that a fourth location for Dal Ponte is being<br />

negotiated. “But I can’t say anything about our new manufacturing<br />

complex for the time being,” he says, changing<br />

the subject. The company currently employs 900 people in<br />

Santo Antônio <strong>de</strong> Jesus alone.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 9


10<br />

IndústrIa Industry<br />

sedUçãO pelOs pés<br />

Sapato é Sinônimo <strong>de</strong> fetiche para muita gente.<br />

no univerSo <strong>da</strong>S mulhereS compulSivaS por<br />

SapatoS, há caSoS que Se tornaram lendárioS<br />

no mundo inteiro, como o <strong>da</strong> ex-primeira-<strong>da</strong>ma<br />

filipina imel<strong>da</strong> marcoS, conSi<strong>de</strong>ra<strong>da</strong> a maior<br />

colecionadora do produto: trêS mil pareS<br />

shoes are synonymous with fetish for many people. in<br />

the universe of women who are compulsive for shoes, there<br />

are some legen<strong>da</strong>ry cases around the world, such as the<br />

former first lady of philippines imel<strong>da</strong> marcos, consi<strong>de</strong>red<br />

the greatest collector: three thousand pairs<br />

Fascínio por sapato é coisa <strong>de</strong> mulher e só ela enten<strong>de</strong>.<br />

Quanto mais altos, mais elegantes, sedutores e<br />

irresistíveis. An<strong>da</strong>r nas alturas ou não <strong>de</strong>scer do salto<br />

são expressões que traduzem bem o universo feminino. O<br />

po<strong>de</strong>r do calçado é tão magnético que, até no mundo <strong>da</strong><br />

fantasia, um sapato <strong>de</strong> cristal uniu Cin<strong>de</strong>rela a seu príncipe<br />

encantado. Mas <strong>de</strong> on<strong>de</strong> vem esse prazer mágico?<br />

O encantamento <strong>da</strong>s mulheres por sapatos, apontam<br />

pesquisas, está na sua atuação no campo do erotismo. Ou<br />

seja, se os pés são sinônimos <strong>de</strong> fetiche, seu po<strong>de</strong>r <strong>de</strong> sedução<br />

aumenta se estiverem envolvidos por um belo par<br />

<strong>de</strong> sapatos. Se o salto for agulha, aí é fatal! A inglesa Caroline<br />

Cox, autora do livro Stiletto, diz que o gosto por este<br />

estilo é por ele tornar a mulher, ao mesmo tempo, “submissa<br />

e agressiva, fetiche e fetichista, pre<strong>da</strong>dora e presa”.<br />

O famoso <strong>de</strong>signer brasileiro Fernando Pires costuma<br />

dizer que, para satisfazer as mulheres, procura fazer produtos<br />

que as seduzam. “Elas, por sua vez, vão seduzir seus<br />

namorados e maridos e causar inveja nas amigas”, atiça.<br />

“Um belo par <strong>de</strong> sapatos faz a mulher se sentir tão po<strong>de</strong>rosa<br />

que po<strong>de</strong> mu<strong>da</strong>r totalmente a maneira como ela<br />

se porta”, disse, certa vez, Tamara Mellon, presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong><br />

empresa que fabrica a cobiça<strong>da</strong> marca Jimmy Choo.<br />

No mundo <strong>da</strong> mo<strong>da</strong>, vários sapateiros <strong>de</strong> luxo se <strong>de</strong>stacaram<br />

na história recente dos calçados. Além do sinomalásio<br />

Jimmy Choo e <strong>de</strong> Fernando Pires, fazem sucesso<br />

nomes como o cana<strong>de</strong>nse Patrick Cox, o espanhol Manolo<br />

Blahnik, o italiano Sergio Rossi e o francês Christian Louboutin,<br />

entre outros. Eles produzem peças exclusivas, arroja<strong>da</strong>s<br />

e caras. Um Jimmy Choo, por exemplo, imprime na<br />

etiqueta até US$ 1.700 (cerca <strong>de</strong> R$ 4.200). A justificativa é<br />

que os calçados <strong>da</strong> marca são feitos à mão, por artesãos<br />

italianos, e os materiais são selecionados com cui<strong>da</strong>do extremo<br />

para garantir quali<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

The seducTion of feeT<br />

Women’s fascination with shoes can only be un<strong>de</strong>rstood by<br />

women. The higher, the more elegant, seductive and irresistible<br />

they are. To be up high and not come down from one’s high<br />

heels are expressions that clearly express the feminine universe.<br />

Opening a wardrobe and choosing the most suitable pair for the<br />

occasion is passion approaching obsession. The power of footwear<br />

is so magnetic that, even in the realm of fantasy, a crystal shoe<br />

brought Cin<strong>de</strong>rella and her prince charming together. But where<br />

does this magic pleasure come from?<br />

Surveys show that women’s enchantment with shoes lies in their<br />

action in the field of eroticism. In other words, if feet are synonymous<br />

with fetish, their powers of seduction increase if they are wrapped in<br />

a beautiful pair of shoes. And those shoes have stiletto heels they<br />

are <strong>de</strong>adly! Englishwoman Caroline Cox, the author of Stiletto, says<br />

that the taste for this style is because they make o woman at once<br />

“submissive and aggressive, fetish and fetishist, pre<strong>da</strong>tor and prey”.<br />

The famous Brazilian <strong>de</strong>signer Fernando Pires always says that to<br />

satisfy women, he tries to make products that seduce. “In turn, women<br />

are going to seduce their boyfriends and husbands, and make<br />

their friends envious, he asserts provokingly. “A beautiful pair of<br />

shoes makes a woman feel so powerful that they can change her behavior<br />

completely,” said Tamara Mellon, presi<strong>de</strong>nt of the company<br />

that makes the coveted brand Jimmy Choo, on a certain occasion.<br />

In the world of fashion, several luxury footwear <strong>de</strong>signers have<br />

stood out in recent shoemaking history. In addition to Chinese-Malaysian<br />

Jimmy Choo and Brazilian Fernando Pires, names such as<br />

Canadian Patrick Cox, Spaniard Manolo Blahnik, Italian Sergio Rossi<br />

and Frenchman Christian Bouboutin stand out. They produce<br />

exclusive pieces that are <strong>da</strong>ring and expensive. A pair of Jimmy<br />

Choo’s, for instance, goes for US$ 1,700 when the shoe bears precious<br />

<strong>de</strong>tails. The explanation is that shoes of this brand are hand-<br />

a empreSária rita araújo e a relaçõeS-públicaS<br />

caren cruz, ambaS baianaS, também fazem<br />

parte do time <strong>da</strong>S mulhereS loucaS por Sapato<br />

entrepreneur rita araújo and public relations caren cruz,<br />

both from bahia, are also part of the group of<br />

women who are crazy about footwear


compulsIvas<br />

No universo <strong>da</strong>s mulheres compulsivas por sapato, há<br />

casos que se tornaram lendários no mundo inteiro, como<br />

o <strong>da</strong> ex-primeira-<strong>da</strong>ma fi lipina Imel<strong>da</strong> Marcos, consi<strong>de</strong>ra<strong>da</strong><br />

a maior colecionadora do produto: três mil pares. A mitológica<br />

Evita Perón tinha um pouco menos – 900 pares.<br />

Por essas ban<strong>da</strong>s, há exemplos conhecidos, como o <strong>da</strong><br />

atriz Claudia Raia e o <strong>da</strong> empresária Lucília Diniz, ca<strong>da</strong> uma<br />

dona <strong>de</strong> três centenas <strong>de</strong> pares <strong>de</strong> calçados, e o <strong>da</strong> apresentadora<br />

Hebe Camargo, que contabiliza 200.<br />

No rol <strong>da</strong>s “pobres mortais”, a empresária Rita Araújo e a<br />

relações-públicas Caren Cruz, ambas baianas, também jogam<br />

no time <strong>da</strong>s loucas por sapato. Rita conta que, certo dia, foi ao<br />

shopping com o fi lho <strong>de</strong> 13 anos para comprar roupa para ele.<br />

Para azar do garoto, ela passou na frente <strong>de</strong> uma loja <strong>de</strong> grife<br />

que estava liqui<strong>da</strong>ndo sapatos <strong>de</strong> salto 15. “Quando eu vi,<br />

não me contive. Disse para ele que ia entrar só para <strong>da</strong>r uma<br />

espiadinha. Resultado: passei a tar<strong>de</strong> inteira lá. Levei cinco pares<br />

para casa e, <strong>de</strong> quebra, a cara feia do meu fi lho, que fi cou<br />

muito chateado comigo”, recor<strong>da</strong> Rita, dona <strong>de</strong> pelo menos<br />

70 pares <strong>de</strong> sandálias <strong>de</strong> salto alto. Caren, que imagina ter<br />

também umas sete <strong>de</strong>zenas <strong>de</strong> sapatos, não fi ca atrás. “Outro<br />

dia, passando numa loja, vi uma sandália que amei. Levei cinco<br />

iguais, uma <strong>de</strong> ca<strong>da</strong> cor”, conta.<br />

Fcc invesTe R$ 8 mi paRa TRiplicaR Uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

AFCC está colocando em funcionamento<br />

a ampliação <strong>de</strong> sua uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> Conceição do Jacuípe, a 65<br />

km <strong>de</strong> Salvador. O investimento, <strong>de</strong> R$ 8<br />

milhões, em equipamentos e expansão<br />

física, triplicou a capaci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> produção<br />

e transforma a uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> baiana <strong>da</strong> FCC na<br />

maior fábrica <strong>de</strong> a<strong>de</strong>sivos voltados para a<br />

indústria <strong>de</strong> calçados <strong>da</strong> América Latina.<br />

Entre as novi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s que a FCC está<br />

implementando em Jacuípe, está a instalação<br />

<strong>de</strong> laboratórios completos para o <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento<br />

<strong>de</strong> novos a<strong>de</strong>sivos e testes,<br />

<strong>de</strong>scentralizando a produção <strong>da</strong> indústria<br />

nesta área. A uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> respon<strong>de</strong><br />

pelo fornecimento <strong>de</strong> a<strong>de</strong>sivos para as regiões<br />

Su<strong>de</strong>ste, Norte e Nor<strong>de</strong>ste.<br />

O investimento em pesquisas permitiu,<br />

<strong>de</strong>ntre outras coisas, o <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento<br />

do a<strong>de</strong>sivo Fortik 2500, com alta<br />

resistência, que não <strong>de</strong>ixa o traço amarelado<br />

<strong>da</strong> linha <strong>de</strong> colagem. Este produto<br />

foi criado para aten<strong>de</strong>r especialmente ao<br />

mercado baiano <strong>de</strong> sapatos esportivos.<br />

NaTuralmeNTe susTeNTÁVel<br />

Cria<strong>da</strong> em março <strong>de</strong> 1969, na ci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> Campo Bom (RS), on<strong>de</strong> mantém<br />

sua matriz, a FCC fabrica sistemas <strong>de</strong><br />

colagem e ve<strong>da</strong>ntes, elastômeros termoplásticos,<br />

resinas poliuretânicas, além <strong>de</strong><br />

insumos e componentes para calçados.<br />

A indústria adotou o slogan “Naturalmente<br />

sustentável”, em alusão à preocupação<br />

constante em buscar alternativas<br />

sustentáveis para to<strong>da</strong>s as necessi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s<br />

<strong>de</strong> seus clientes.<br />

fcc invesTs r$ 8 mi To Triple uniT<br />

FCC announced the start of operations of its expan<strong>de</strong>d<br />

unit in Conceição do Jacuípe, 65 km far<br />

from Salvador. The investment – R$ 8 million – in<br />

equipment and physical expansion has tripled production<br />

capacity, making the FCC’s unit in <strong>Bahia</strong> the<br />

ma<strong>de</strong> by Italian craftsmen, and materials are selected with extreme<br />

care. Major brands such as Gucci, Chanel, Yves Saint Laurent, Pra<strong>da</strong><br />

and Valentino launch their own collections every season.<br />

compulsive<br />

In the universe of women who are compulsive shoe buyers,<br />

there are cases that have become legen<strong>da</strong>ry, such as that of former<br />

fi rst lady of the Philippines, Imel<strong>da</strong> Marcos, consi<strong>de</strong>red the world’s<br />

greatest collector: three thousand pairs. Mythological Evita Perón<br />

had fewer – 900. In Brazil, there are well-known instances, such as<br />

actress Claudia Raia and entrepreneur Lucília Diniz, who own 300<br />

pairs each, and TV personality Hebe Camargo, who has 200.<br />

In the list of “poor mortals”, entrepreneur Rita Araújo and public<br />

relations executive Caren Cruz, both from <strong>Bahia</strong>, are also on the team<br />

of women who are crazy about shoes. Rita tells of the <strong>da</strong>y she went to<br />

a shopping mall with her 13-year-old son to buy him clothes. To the<br />

boy’s dismay, she saw a brand shoe store with a sale of size 15 highheeled<br />

shoes. “When I saw them, I couldn’t contain myself. I told him<br />

we would go in just for a look. The result? I spent the whole afternoon<br />

there. I took fi ve pairs home, but my son was very unhappy, he was very<br />

annoyed,” recalls Rita, who owns at least seventy pairs of high-heeled<br />

san<strong>da</strong>ls. Caren, who believes she has about 700 shoes, is not to be left<br />

behind. “One <strong>da</strong>y I went by a shop and saw some san<strong>da</strong>ls I loved. I<br />

bought fi ve pairs just the same except for the color,” she says.<br />

largest manufacturing facility for adhesives inten<strong>de</strong>d<br />

for the footwear industry in Latin America.<br />

Among the new features implemented by<br />

FCC in Jacuípe is the installation of full laboratories<br />

for <strong>de</strong>velopment of new adhesives and tests,<br />

<strong>de</strong>centralizing the production of the industry in<br />

this area. The unit in <strong>Bahia</strong> is responsible for supplying<br />

adhesives for the regions Southeast, North<br />

and Northeast.<br />

Among other things, the investment in research<br />

allowed the <strong>de</strong>velopment of the Fortik 2500<br />

adhesive, with high resistance, which leaves no<br />

yellowish trace in the gluing line. This product<br />

was especially created for the market of sports<br />

shoes in <strong>Bahia</strong>.<br />

naTurally susTainable<br />

Created in March 1969, in the city of Campo<br />

Bom (Rio Gran<strong>de</strong> do Sul state), where it is headquartered,<br />

FCC manufactures gluing systems and<br />

sealants, thermoplastic elastomers, polyurethane<br />

resins, and input materials and components for the<br />

footwear industry.<br />

The company has adopted the motto “Naturally<br />

sustainable”, in reference to its ongoing concern<br />

in search for sustainable alternatives for all<br />

customer needs.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 11


IndústrIa Industry


pOlO DE NOvAS<br />

OpORTUni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s<br />

complexo induStrial <strong>de</strong> camaçari tem fôlego renovado com<br />

a negociação para a liberação doS créditoS fiScaiS do icmS<br />

camaÇari industrial compleX renews energy through negotiation for release of icms taX credits<br />

pOR/By pEDRO CARVALhO<br />

O<br />

Polo <strong>de</strong> Camaçari completou 32 anos e ain<strong>da</strong><br />

ostenta o título <strong>de</strong> maior complexo petroquímico<br />

do hemisfério sul. O empreendimento<br />

proporcionou à <strong>Bahia</strong> um ciclo <strong>de</strong> profun<strong>da</strong>s<br />

transformações, que resultou em mu<strong>da</strong>nças, sobretudo na<br />

estrutura econômica, garantindo ao Estado a li<strong>de</strong>rança absoluta<br />

na região Nor<strong>de</strong>ste. Foram investimentos iniciais <strong>da</strong><br />

or<strong>de</strong>m <strong>de</strong> US$ 12 bilhões que geraram milhares <strong>de</strong> empregos<br />

e mu<strong>da</strong>ram a reali<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB)<br />

estadual. Ao longo <strong>de</strong>ssas pouco mais <strong>de</strong> três déca<strong>da</strong>s, porém,<br />

ajustes foram necessários para acompanhar o processo<br />

<strong>de</strong> evolução do setor petroquímico, garantir a competitivi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

que o segmento necessitava e novos investimentos<br />

na mo<strong>de</strong>rnização e ampliação do complexo baiano.<br />

a pole of new opporTuniTy<br />

Camaçari pole has turned 32 and still holds the title of<br />

largest petrochemical complex in the Southern Hemisphere.<br />

The un<strong>de</strong>rtaking has provi<strong>de</strong>d <strong>Bahia</strong> with a cycle<br />

of profound transformation, which has led to changes, especially<br />

in economic structure, ensuring that the State enjoys<br />

absolute lea<strong>de</strong>rship in the Northeast Region of Brazil.<br />

Initial investments were in the region of US$ 12 billion,<br />

generating thousands of jobs and changing the actuality<br />

of the State’s GDP. However, over these slightly more than<br />

three <strong>de</strong>ca<strong>de</strong>s, adjustments have proved necessary to<br />

keep up with the petrochemical sector’s evolution, ensure<br />

competitiveness nee<strong>de</strong>d by the segment and new investment<br />

in mo<strong>de</strong>rnizing and expanding the complex.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 13


14<br />

IndústrIa Industry<br />

O primeiro nó que precisava ser <strong>de</strong>satado no Polo <strong>de</strong><br />

Camaçari era o emaranhado e difícil quadro societário que<br />

se configurava até o início <strong>de</strong>ste novo século. Isso finalmente<br />

ocorreu com a aquisição do controle acionário <strong>da</strong> antiga<br />

Companhia Petroquímica do Nor<strong>de</strong>ste (Copene) – a central<br />

<strong>de</strong> matérias-primas – pelo consórcio O<strong>de</strong>brecht/Mariani, o<br />

que acabou <strong>de</strong>flagrando a reestruturação <strong>de</strong> to<strong>da</strong> a indústria<br />

petroquímica nacional. A martela<strong>da</strong> foi <strong>da</strong><strong>da</strong> no dia 25 <strong>de</strong><br />

julho <strong>de</strong> 2001, em leilão realizado em São Paulo. Com a integração<br />

<strong>da</strong> Copene a outras empresas, criou-se a Braskem.<br />

“Com <strong>de</strong>terminação e coragem, percorremos um longo caminho,<br />

<strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> as nossas origens. De uma empresa regional<br />

<strong>de</strong> engenharia, evoluímos para uma empresa nacional, até<br />

conquistarmos a posição <strong>de</strong> uma organização brasileira com<br />

atuação internacional”, <strong>de</strong>stacou, na época, o então presi<strong>de</strong>nte<br />

do Conselho <strong>de</strong> Administração <strong>da</strong> O<strong>de</strong>brecht, Emílio<br />

O<strong>de</strong>brecht. Estava, então, criado um novo ambiente para o<br />

setor, focado na competitivi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> e no crescimento.<br />

Mas outro nó também necessitava ser <strong>de</strong>satado e envolvia<br />

diretamente as empresas e o governo estadual. As<br />

companhias queriam a liberação <strong>de</strong> créditos fiscais acumulados<br />

do Imposto sobre Circulação <strong>de</strong> Mercadorias e Serviços<br />

(ICMS). Por muitos anos, buscou-se um acordo, mas<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

The first knot that nee<strong>de</strong>d to be loosened at Camaçari was<br />

the tangled and difficult corporate structure that existed until<br />

the beginning of this new century. This finally occurred with<br />

the acquisition of the controlling share held by the old Companhia<br />

Petroquímica do Nor<strong>de</strong>ste (Copene) – the raw materials<br />

center – by the O<strong>de</strong>brecht/Mariani consortium, which<br />

en<strong>de</strong>d up triggering the restructure of the entire national petrochemical<br />

industry. The gavel finally fell on July 25, 2001 at an<br />

auction in Sao Paulo. Braskem was formed by the integration<br />

of Copene and other enterprises. “With <strong>de</strong>termination and<br />

courage, we have travelled a long road from our origins. From<br />

a regional engineering concern, we have evolved into a nationwi<strong>de</strong><br />

enterprise, finally conquering the position of a Brazilian<br />

organization with international performance,” stressed<br />

Emílio O<strong>de</strong>brecht, then-chairman of O<strong>de</strong>brecht, at the time.<br />

A new climate for the sector was thus created, focusing on<br />

competitiveness and growth.<br />

But there was another knot that nee<strong>de</strong>d to be untied, and<br />

it involves the companies and the State government directly.<br />

Companies wanted the release of accumulated tax credits related<br />

to ICMS (Value-Ad<strong>de</strong>d Tax on Sales and Services). An<br />

agreement was sought for many years, but it was not until<br />

2008 that a new business climate emerged allowing for agree-


somente em 2008 surgiu um novo ambiente <strong>de</strong> negócios<br />

para que fossem feitos acertos com contribuintes para a<br />

liberação dos créditos.<br />

Os primeiros acordos foram fi rmados com as empresas<br />

Oxiteno e Elekeiroz, com valores <strong>da</strong> or<strong>de</strong>m <strong>de</strong> mais<br />

<strong>de</strong> R$ 150 milhões. Como contraparti<strong>da</strong>, as empresas se<br />

comprometeram com a manutenção <strong>da</strong>s ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s econômicas<br />

<strong>de</strong>senvolvi<strong>da</strong>s, assim como com a realização <strong>de</strong><br />

investimentos em ampliação e mo<strong>de</strong>rnização <strong>de</strong> suas plantas<br />

industriais instala<strong>da</strong>s na <strong>Bahia</strong>. Acertos também foram<br />

estabelecidos com outros setores, como o <strong>de</strong> fertilizantes<br />

o polo em números the pole In FIgures<br />

RESPONDE POR 30% DO PIB BAIANO<br />

ACCOUNTS FOR 30% OF BAHIA’S GDP<br />

INVESTIMENTO GLOBAL DE US$ 12 BILHÕES<br />

(VALOR HISTÓRICO SEM CONSIDERAR AS EXPANSÕES)<br />

GLOBAL INVESTMENT OF US$ 12 BILLION (A HISTORICAL<br />

VALUE, NOT INCLUDING THE EXPANSIONS)<br />

CAPACIDADE INSTALADA ACIMA DE<br />

11,5 MILHÕES DE TONELADAS/ANO<br />

INSTALLED CAPACITY OF OVER 11.5 MILLION TONS/YEAR<br />

FATURAMENTO DE APROXIMADAMENTE US$ 15<br />

BILHÕES/ANO INVOICING APPROXIMATELY US$ 15 BILLION/YEAR<br />

POSSUI 90 EMPRESAS: 34 QUÍMICAS E<br />

PETROQUÍMICAS; 27 NO COMPLEXO FORD;<br />

29 EM OUTROS SETORES COMPRISES 90 COMPANIES: 34<br />

CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL; 27 IN THE FORD COMPLEX; 29 ON<br />

OTHER SECTORS<br />

EXPORTAÇÕES ACIMA US$ 2,3 BILHÕES/ANO (35% DO<br />

TOTAL DO ESTADO) EXPORTS IN EXCESS OF US$ 2.3 BILLION/YEAR<br />

(35% OF BAHIA STATE’S TOTAL)<br />

CONTRIBUIÇÃO ANUAL R$ 1 BILHÃO EM ICMS<br />

PARA A BAHIA CONTRIBUTES R$ 1 BILLION/YEAR TO BAHIA IN<br />

THE FORM OF ICMS<br />

GERAÇÃO DE 15 MIL EMPREGOS DIRETOS E 30 MIL<br />

INDIRETOS GENERATES 15 THOUSAND DIRECT JOBS AND 30<br />

THOUSAND INDIRECT<br />

FONTE/SOURCE: COFIC<br />

ments with taxpayers to be arrived at for the release of credits.<br />

The fi rst agreements arrived at involved the enterprises<br />

Oxiteno and Elekeiroz, for values to the tune of over R$ 150<br />

million. In return, the two enterprises ma<strong>de</strong> a commitment to<br />

maintain economic activities <strong>de</strong>veloped, as well as invest in<br />

expanding and mo<strong>de</strong>rnizing their industrial plants in <strong>Bahia</strong>.<br />

Agreements were also arrived at with other sectors, such as<br />

fertilizers and agricultural inputs, involving 11 industries and<br />

credits exceeding R$ 36 million.<br />

According to information provi<strong>de</strong>d by Sefaz (State Secretariat<br />

of Finance), negotiations call for differentiated terms for<br />

20 MIL EMPRESAS CONTRATADAS<br />

20 THOUSAND COMPANIES UNDER CONTRACT<br />

INVESTIMENTOS SUPERIORES A<br />

R$ 13 MILHÕES/ANO EM PROGRAMAS SOCIAIS<br />

INVESTMENTS OF OVER R$ 13 MILLION/YEAR IN SOCIAL PROGRAMS<br />

RESPONSÁVEL POR 90% DA RECEITA TRIBUTÁRIA DE<br />

CAMAÇARI ACCOUNTS FOR 90% OF CAMAÇARI’S TAX REVENUE<br />

INVESTIMENTOS NOVOS DE US$ 4,3 BILHÕES ATÉ 2011<br />

NEW INVESTMENTS TOTALING US$ 4.3 BILLION BY 2011<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 15


IndústrIa Industry<br />

Das origens ao novo Polo – FROM ITS ORIGINS TO THE NEW POLE<br />

1972<br />

2001<br />

1990<br />

16 bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

Iniciado o projeto do Polo Petroquímico <strong>de</strong> Camaçari<br />

Project for Camaçari Petrochemical Pole initiated<br />

1985<br />

1975 – Inicia<strong>da</strong> a construção<br />

Construction work started<br />

1978 – Inicia<strong>da</strong> a operação<br />

Operations started<br />

1985 – Polo Petroquímico <strong>de</strong><br />

Camaçari vive o apogeu produtivo<br />

Peak production of Camaçari<br />

Petrochemical Pole<br />

1985 – Greve geral no Polo<br />

General strike at the Pole<br />

1990 – Polo já contribuiu com 13,6%<br />

<strong>da</strong> receita tributária do Estado<br />

Pole accounted for 13.6% of <strong>Bahia</strong>’s tax income<br />

1992 – Cepram autoriza licença <strong>de</strong><br />

operação <strong>da</strong> ampliação do Polo,<br />

váli<strong>da</strong> por cinco anos<br />

Cepram grants operations license for<br />

expansion of the Pole, valid for fi ve years<br />

2001 – Por meio <strong>de</strong> parceria fi rma<strong>da</strong><br />

com o Grupo Mariani, a O<strong>de</strong>brecht<br />

adquire controle acionário <strong>da</strong> Copene,<br />

central <strong>de</strong> matérias-primas do Polo. A<br />

integração dos ativos <strong>da</strong> organização no<br />

setor resulta na criação <strong>da</strong> Braskem<br />

O<strong>de</strong>brecht signs a partnership agreement<br />

with Grupo Mariani, thus acquiring equity<br />

control of Copene, the Pole’s raw materials<br />

center. Integration of the organization’s assets<br />

in the sector leads to the creation of Braskem<br />

2002 – Nasce a Braskem<br />

Braskem established<br />

1995 – Iniciado o Programa <strong>de</strong> Biomonitoramento<br />

do Ar na região do Polo Petroquímico <strong>de</strong> Camaçari<br />

Start of Air Bio-monitoring Program in the region of<br />

Camaçari Petrochemical Pole<br />

1999 – ABB compra a Central <strong>de</strong><br />

Manutenção (Ceman) do Polo<br />

ABB purchases Pole’s Maintenance Center (Ceman).<br />

2007 – Polo Petroquímico <strong>de</strong> Camaçari alcança<br />

um faturamento bruto <strong>de</strong> US$ 15 bilhões<br />

Camaçari Petrochemical Pole’s gross invoicing reached<br />

the US$ 15 billion mark<br />

2008 – Inicia<strong>da</strong>s as negociações para <strong>de</strong>volução<br />

do crédito <strong>de</strong> ICMS a empresas do Polo<br />

Start of negotiations for the return of ICMS<br />

credits to companies in the Pole<br />

2009 – Lançado plano <strong>de</strong> redução <strong>da</strong><br />

tributação <strong>da</strong> nafta petroquímica<br />

Launch of plan for reducing tax on<br />

petrochemical naphtha


e insumos agropecuários, que envolveram 11 indústrias e<br />

créditos <strong>da</strong> or<strong>de</strong>m <strong>de</strong> mais <strong>de</strong> R$ 36 milhões.<br />

Segundo informações <strong>da</strong> Secretaria Estadual <strong>da</strong> Fazen<strong>da</strong><br />

(Sefaz), as negociações preveem prazos diferenciados<br />

para liberação, que vão <strong>de</strong> 12 a 48 meses, em parcelas<br />

mensais, a <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>r do valor acumulado, ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>senvolvi<strong>da</strong><br />

e investimentos previstos. A medi<strong>da</strong>, <strong>de</strong> acordo<br />

com a Sefaz, visa preservar a arreca<strong>da</strong>ção estadual, mantendo<br />

a capaci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> investimento e <strong>de</strong> prestação <strong>de</strong><br />

serviços públicos. Possibilitará, ain<strong>da</strong>, que outros contribuintes<br />

que se apresentam na mesma situação possam ser<br />

contemplados com tratamento similar.<br />

o caso Braskem<br />

Com a petroquímica Braskem, especificamente, houve<br />

um termo <strong>de</strong> compromisso para liberação <strong>de</strong> créditos por<br />

meio <strong>da</strong> redução <strong>da</strong> tributação sobre a nafta, principal insumo<br />

do complexo petroquímico. O tributo, que na ocasião<br />

era <strong>de</strong> 11,75%, passou para 10% em março <strong>de</strong> 2010, foi reduzido<br />

para 8% em setembro e cairá para 5,5% até março <strong>de</strong><br />

2011. Haverá também o diferimento, ou seja, o pagamento<br />

que antes era feito na importação <strong>da</strong> nafta fica postergado<br />

para a saí<strong>da</strong> dos produtos resultantes <strong>de</strong> sua industrialização.<br />

O valor em negociação representaria uma cifra estima<strong>da</strong><br />

em R$ 640 milhões. Como contraparti<strong>da</strong>, a maior<br />

produtora <strong>de</strong> resinas termoplásticas <strong>da</strong>s Américas compromete-se<br />

a realizar investimentos no Estado para implantação,<br />

ampliação e mo<strong>de</strong>rnização <strong>de</strong> suas plantas<br />

industriais localiza<strong>da</strong>s no Polo <strong>de</strong> Camaçari, ou para expansão<br />

ou mo<strong>de</strong>rnização <strong>da</strong> infraestrutura básica que<br />

aten<strong>de</strong> ao complexo, nos prazos e valores também discriminados<br />

no documento.<br />

O presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> Braskem, Bernardo Gradim, afirma<br />

que, com o acordo, inicia-se um ciclo <strong>de</strong> comprometimento<br />

e parceria entre as instâncias estadual e priva<strong>da</strong>s. Para o<br />

executivo, a medi<strong>da</strong> resolve uma questão que foi gera<strong>da</strong><br />

há 15 anos e que, <strong>de</strong> certa forma, colocava em risco o planejamento<br />

industrial <strong>da</strong> empresa. “Deixo clara a intenção<br />

<strong>da</strong> Braskem em investir, além dos R$ 640 milhões, recursos<br />

<strong>da</strong> or<strong>de</strong>m <strong>de</strong> R$ 1 bilhão para a ampliação <strong>da</strong> competitivi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

industrial local, com inovação tecnológica e formação<br />

<strong>de</strong> mão-<strong>de</strong>-obra qualifica<strong>da</strong>”, confirmou Gradim, em<br />

uma recente soleni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>. Entre outros compromissos, a<br />

empresa também vai estimular a atração <strong>de</strong> novos investimentos<br />

em indústrias <strong>de</strong> transformação plástica, manter a<br />

logística <strong>de</strong> aquisição do produto e utilizar créditos fiscais<br />

acumulados <strong>de</strong> ICMS existentes na escrita fiscal.<br />

the release of funds, ranging from 12 to 48 months in monthly<br />

payments <strong>de</strong>pending on accumulated value, activity carried<br />

forward and investment projected. This measure, according<br />

to Sefaz, is <strong>de</strong>signed to preserve State tax collection inflow,<br />

maintaining capability for investing and providing public services.<br />

It will also allow other taxpayers in the same situation to<br />

be taken into account for similar treatment.<br />

Polo Petroquímico <strong>de</strong> Camaçari<br />

petrochemical camaçari pole<br />

The Braskem Case<br />

In the specific case of the petrochemical concern<br />

Braskem, there was a term of commitment for release<br />

of credits through a reduction in the tax on naphtha, the<br />

petrochemical complex’s main input. This tax, which was<br />

11.75%, was reduced to 10% in March 2010, to 8% in September,<br />

and then to 5.5% by March 2011. There will also be<br />

a <strong>de</strong>ferral, i.e. the payment formerly ma<strong>de</strong> upon importing<br />

naphtha will be put off until the products resulting from its<br />

industrialization leave the premises.<br />

The value negotiated stands at an estimated R$ 640 million.<br />

In return, the largest producer of thermoplastic resins<br />

in the Americas makes a commitment to invest in the State<br />

to implement, expand and mo<strong>de</strong>rnize its industrial plants<br />

located in Camaçari Pole, or expand or mo<strong>de</strong>rnize basic<br />

infrastructure serving the complex, in accor<strong>da</strong>nce with the<br />

terms and values set out in the document.<br />

Braskem presi<strong>de</strong>nt Bernardo Gradim says that with the<br />

agreement a cycle of commitment and partnership between<br />

State and private interests is starting. In the opinion of this<br />

executive, the measure solves an issue <strong>da</strong>ting back 15 years<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 17


18<br />

IndústrIa Industry<br />

“a promeSSa é <strong>de</strong> um novo ciclo <strong>de</strong> inveStimentoS no complexo. oS inveStimentoS confirmam<br />

o compromiSSo <strong>da</strong> companhia em contribuir para o aumento <strong>da</strong> competitivi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>”<br />

manoel carnaúba presi<strong>de</strong>nte do comitê <strong>de</strong> fomento industrial <strong>de</strong> camaçari (cofic) e vice-presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong> petroquímicos básicos <strong>da</strong> braskem<br />

“THERE IS PROMISE FOR A NEW INVESTMENT CYCLE IN THE COMPLEX. THE INVESTMENTS REAFFIRM THE COMPANY’S COMMITMENT TO<br />

CONTRIBUTE TO INCREASED COMPETITIVENESS”<br />

manoel carnaúba, presi<strong>de</strong>nt, committee for industrial promotion in camaçari (cofic) and vice-presi<strong>de</strong>nt, braskem basic petrochemicals<br />

momento <strong>de</strong> otImIsmo<br />

Otimismo é a palavra que resume o atual momento no<br />

Polo <strong>de</strong> Camaçari, e a perspectiva é <strong>de</strong> um horizonte <strong>de</strong><br />

crescimento. “A promessa é <strong>de</strong> um novo ciclo <strong>de</strong> investimentos<br />

no complexo”, aposta o presi<strong>de</strong>nte do Comitê <strong>de</strong><br />

Fomento Industrial <strong>de</strong> Camaçari (Cofic) e vice-presi<strong>de</strong>nte<br />

<strong>de</strong> Petroquímicos Básicos <strong>da</strong> Braskem, Manoel Carnaúba.<br />

Os investimentos estimados no Polo até 2011 são <strong>da</strong> or<strong>de</strong>m<br />

<strong>de</strong> US$ 4,3 bilhões.<br />

Somente em 2010, a Braskem investiu na <strong>Bahia</strong> mais<br />

<strong>de</strong> R$ 230 milhões, como parte do programa anunciado<br />

pela companhia. Os recursos foram direcionados a programas<br />

<strong>de</strong> mo<strong>de</strong>rnização e atualização tecnológica <strong>da</strong>s<br />

uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s industriais, ampliação <strong>da</strong> estrutura <strong>de</strong> pesquisa<br />

e <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento, além <strong>de</strong> capacitação profissional.<br />

“Os investimentos confirmam o compromisso <strong>da</strong> companhia<br />

em contribuir para o aumento <strong>da</strong> competitivi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

do Polo Industrial <strong>de</strong> Camaçari e <strong>de</strong>monstram nosso<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

that, in a way, placed the company’s industrial planning at<br />

risk. “I ma<strong>de</strong> it clear that Braskem intends to invest, over and<br />

above the R$ 640 million, resources to the tune of R$ 1 billion<br />

to increase the competitiveness of local industry with technical<br />

innovation and by training qualified labor,” Gradim confirmed<br />

on a recent occasion. Among other commitments, the<br />

company will also stimulate attraction of new investments in<br />

plastic processing industries, maintain the logistics of product<br />

acquisition and use accumulated ICMS tax credits.<br />

a Time Of OpTimism<br />

Optimism is the word to sum up current times at Camaçari<br />

Pole, and prospects of growth. “There’s a promise of a new cycle<br />

of investment in the complex,” wagers Manoel Carnaúba, presi<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

of Cofic (Committee for Industrial Promotion in Camaçari)<br />

and vice-presi<strong>de</strong>nt of Braskem Basic Petrochemicals. Investments<br />

in the Pole are estimated at about US$ 4.3 billion by 2011.<br />

© adri fel<strong>de</strong>n/argosfoto


enTen<strong>da</strong> a pROdUçãO peTROqUímica Un<strong>de</strong>RsTanding peTROchemical pROdUcTiOn<br />

PRIMEIRA geração FIrst generatIon<br />

a nafta petroquímica, produto obtido em refinarias <strong>de</strong> petróleo, e<br />

o gás natural são as matérias-primas <strong>da</strong>s centrais petroquímicas,<br />

que compõem a primeira geração. as centrais transformam a nafta,<br />

um produto <strong>de</strong>rivado do petróleo, e o gás natural em produtos<br />

petroquímicos básicos, como o eteno e o propeno.<br />

petrochemical naphtha, a product obtained in petroleum refineries, and natural gas are the raw<br />

materials for first generation petrochemical centers. centers transform naphtha, a product <strong>de</strong>rived from<br />

petroleum, and natural gas into basic petrochemical products such as ethylene and propene.<br />

SEgUNDA geração second generatIon<br />

transforma os petroquímicos básicos em produtos intermediários, utilizados por<br />

outras empresas <strong>de</strong> segun<strong>da</strong> geração e finais (resinas termoplásticas, borrachas,<br />

fibras, <strong>de</strong>tergentes, fertilizantes etc.). as empresas <strong>de</strong> segun<strong>da</strong> geração<br />

normalmente se localizam ao redor <strong>da</strong>s empresas <strong>de</strong> primeira geração, configurando os<br />

chamados polos petroquímicos.<br />

transformation of basic petrochemicals into intermediate products used by other second-generation and end-companies (thermoplastic resins,<br />

rubber, fibers, <strong>de</strong>tergents, fertilizers, etc.) second generation enterprises are usually located in the surroundings of first generation enterprises, forming<br />

so-called petrochemical poles.<br />

TERCEIRA geração thIrd generatIon<br />

É o último elo <strong>da</strong> ca<strong>de</strong>ia produtiva. a <strong>de</strong>nominação “terceira geração” é emprega<strong>da</strong> basicamente para<br />

o conjunto <strong>da</strong>s empresas que transformam as resinas termoplásticas em produtos finais, como fibras<br />

têxteis, tintas, embalagens, autopeças, brinquedos e utili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s domésticas, <strong>de</strong>ntre outras.<br />

this is the last link in the production chain. the name “third generation” refers to the group of enterprises transforming thermoplastic<br />

resins into end products, such as textile fibers, paint, packaging, automobile parts, toys, domestic appliances and others.<br />

compromisso com o <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento<br />

<strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong>”, afirma.<br />

Carnaúba <strong>de</strong>stacou também as<br />

medi<strong>da</strong>s <strong>de</strong> melhoria na área <strong>de</strong> infraestrutura,<br />

como a concessão do sistema<br />

BA-093, que possibilitará melhores<br />

condições logísticas às empresas do<br />

Polo, bem como a to<strong>da</strong> a socie<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>.<br />

O presi<strong>de</strong>nte do Cofic citou ain<strong>da</strong> a<br />

resolução <strong>de</strong> outros gargalos, como o<br />

anel ferroviário <strong>de</strong> Camaçari, a recuperação<br />

do sistema BRs-324/116 e a<br />

provável concessão do Porto <strong>de</strong> Aratu,<br />

que garantirá maior eficiência ao<br />

sistema portuário.<br />

Os investimentos estão acontecendo.<br />

Em 2010, o Grupo Unigel,<br />

In 2010 alone, Braskem invested<br />

over R$ 230 million in <strong>Bahia</strong>, as part of<br />

the program announced by the company.<br />

Resources were earmarked for mo<strong>de</strong>rnization<br />

and technological up<strong>da</strong>ting<br />

programs of industrial units, expanding<br />

R&D structure and training. “These investments<br />

confirm the company’s commitment<br />

to contributing to Camaçari<br />

Industrial Pole’s competitiveness and<br />

<strong>de</strong>monstrate our commitment to the<br />

<strong>de</strong>velopment of <strong>Bahia</strong>,” he states.<br />

Carnaúba also highlighted measures<br />

for improvements in the infrastructure<br />

area, such as the BA-093 concession,<br />

which will improve logistics for the companies<br />

in the Pole, as well as society at large.<br />

- TERRA DE BONS NEGÓCIOS 13<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 19


20<br />

IndústrIa Industry<br />

inaugurou mais duas plantas industriais. Uma <strong>de</strong>las possibilitou<br />

o aumento <strong>da</strong> produção <strong>de</strong> metacrilatos <strong>de</strong> 30<br />

mil tonela<strong>da</strong>s para 90 mil tonela<strong>da</strong>s anuais. A matériaprima<br />

é utiliza<strong>da</strong> na indústria automobilística, eletroeletrônica,<br />

<strong>de</strong> utensílios domésticos, entre outras. A outra<br />

uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>, <strong>de</strong> sulfato <strong>de</strong> amônio – insumo para fertilizantes<br />

–, proporcionou uma elevação no volume produzido <strong>de</strong><br />

130 mil para 400 mil tonela<strong>da</strong>s por ano. Foram gerados<br />

250 empregos diretos.<br />

Em 2009, a Unigel reativou a planta <strong>da</strong> Estireno do<br />

Nor<strong>de</strong>ste, indústria que antes pertencia à Dow Química.<br />

A uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> tem capaci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> para produzir 180 mil tonela<strong>da</strong>s<br />

anuais <strong>de</strong> etilbenzeno e 160 mil tonela<strong>da</strong>s por ano <strong>de</strong><br />

estireno, matérias-primas usa<strong>da</strong>s na fabricação <strong>de</strong> pneus;<br />

acessórios para eletrodomésticos; copos, talheres e pratos<br />

<strong>de</strong>scartáveis; tintas; e até peças <strong>de</strong> veículos. A<br />

Braskem, no mesmo ano, já havia inaugurado sua fábrica<br />

<strong>de</strong> ETBE (Etil Térsio Butil Éter), que utiliza etanol como<br />

matéria-prima.<br />

A alemã Lin<strong>de</strong> Gases também optou pelo Polo <strong>de</strong><br />

Camaçari, on<strong>de</strong> realizou investimentos <strong>da</strong> or<strong>de</strong>m <strong>de</strong><br />

o grupo unigel inaugurou maiS duaS plantaS induStriaiS<br />

grupo unigel opened another two industrial plants<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

The presi<strong>de</strong>nt of Cofi c also mentioned that other bottlenecks<br />

would be solved, such as Camaçari ring railroad, maintenance<br />

work on highways BR-324/116 and the probable concession of<br />

the Port of Aratu to ensure greater effi ciency in the port system.<br />

Investments are becoming actuality. In 2010, Grupo Unigel<br />

opened another two industrial plants, one of which enabled<br />

a methacrylate production increase from 30 thousand<br />

to 90 thousand tons a year. This raw material is used in the<br />

automobile, electro-electronic and domestic utensils markets,<br />

among others. The second unit produces ammonium<br />

sulfate – for making fertilizers – and increased production<br />

volume from 130 thousand to 400 thousand tons a year. Two<br />

hundred and fi fty direct jobs were created.<br />

Last year Unigel reopened its EDN (Estireno do Nor<strong>de</strong>ste)<br />

plant, which used to belong to Dow Química. The unit has the<br />

capability to produce 180 thousand tons a year of ethylbenzene<br />

and 160 thousand tons of styrene, raw materials used<br />

in tire manufacture; accessories for home appliances; disposable<br />

cups, cutlery and plates; paint and even motor vehicle<br />

parts. In the same year, Braskem opened its ETBE (ethyl tertbutyl-ether)<br />

plant, which uses ethanol as a raw material.


R$ 100 milhões. A uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> é responsável<br />

pela produção <strong>de</strong> oxigênio,<br />

nitrogênio e argônio para<br />

indústrias e hospitais e possui capaci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

instala<strong>da</strong> para aten<strong>de</strong>r<br />

os mais <strong>de</strong> mil clientes nos dois<br />

setores.<br />

os atuaIs <strong>de</strong>saFIos<br />

O presi<strong>de</strong>nte do Instituto Miguel<br />

Calmon (Imic) e integrante<br />

do Comitê <strong>de</strong> Petróleo e Gás <strong>da</strong><br />

Fe<strong>de</strong>ração <strong>da</strong>s Indústrias do Estado<br />

<strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> (Fieb), A<strong>da</strong>ry Oliveira,<br />

acredita que o Polo <strong>de</strong> Camaçari<br />

manterá o peso na economia<br />

baiana. Ele <strong>de</strong>stacou, no entanto,<br />

que a atualização tecnológica é<br />

urgente e é uma ameaça que vai<br />

sempre existir.<br />

The German enterprise Lin<strong>de</strong><br />

Gases also chose Camaçari Pole,<br />

where it invested approximately R$<br />

100 million. The unit produces oxygen,<br />

nitrogen and argon for industry<br />

and hospitals, with installed capacity<br />

to attend to over one thousand customers<br />

in both sectors.<br />

a alemã lin<strong>de</strong> gaSeS realizou inveStimentoS <strong>da</strong> or<strong>de</strong>m <strong>de</strong> r$ 100 milhõeS no polo <strong>de</strong> camaçari<br />

german company lin<strong>de</strong> gases ma<strong>de</strong> investments to the tune of R$ 100 million in the camaçari pole<br />

“novaS refinariaS no<br />

nor<strong>de</strong>Ste proporcionarão<br />

um aumento no Suprimento<br />

<strong>da</strong> indúStria petroquÍmica”<br />

aDarY oliveira presi<strong>de</strong>nte do instituto<br />

miguel calmon (imic) e integrante do<br />

comitê <strong>de</strong> petrÓleo e gás <strong>da</strong> fe<strong>de</strong>ração <strong>da</strong>s<br />

indústrias do estado <strong>da</strong> bahia (fieb)<br />

“new refineries in the northeast will proviDe<br />

increaseD supplY for the petrochemical inDustrY”<br />

aDarY oliveira, presi<strong>de</strong>nt, instituto miguel calmon<br />

(imic) and a member of the petroleum & gas committee<br />

of fieb (fe<strong>de</strong>ration of industries in the state of bahia)<br />

CurreNT ChalleNges<br />

A<strong>da</strong>ry Oliveira, presi<strong>de</strong>nt of Imic (Instituto<br />

Miguel Calmon) and a member<br />

of the Petroleum & Gas Committee of<br />

Fieb (Fe<strong>de</strong>ration of Industries in the<br />

State of <strong>Bahia</strong>), believes that Camaçari<br />

Pole will maintain its weight in <strong>Bahia</strong>’s<br />

economy. Nevertheless, he stressed that<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 21


22<br />

Responsabili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> Ambiental environmental responsibility<br />

O Polo Industrial <strong>de</strong> Camaçari teve a licença renova<strong>da</strong> pelo Instituto do Meio<br />

Ambiente (IMA) pelo período <strong>de</strong> oito anos. De acordo com o Comitê <strong>de</strong> Fomento<br />

Industrial <strong>de</strong> Camaçari (Cofi c), é o único complexo industrial no Brasil que tem<br />

uma licença <strong>de</strong> operação coletiva. Ca<strong>da</strong> empresa tem também as suas licenças<br />

individuais. A primeira licença coletiva veio em função <strong>da</strong> ampliação do Polo, na<br />

déca<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong> 1980. Na época, foi realizado o EIA/Rima, e o Cepram <strong>de</strong>cidiu que <strong>de</strong>sta<br />

forma seria mais efi ciente para gerenciar as questões ambientais do conjunto. O<br />

Polo é pioneiro na adoção <strong>de</strong> sistemas integrados <strong>de</strong> proteção ambiental. Foi o<br />

primeiro complexo industrial <strong>da</strong> América Latina e um dos primeiros do mundo a<br />

contemplar esta questão, ain<strong>da</strong> na fase <strong>de</strong> concepção e projeto.<br />

Principais ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s <strong>da</strong> Cetrel<br />

– Empresa <strong>de</strong> Proteção Ambiental<br />

Main activities of Cetrel – Environmental Protection Company<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

Tratamento e disposição<br />

fi nal dos efl uentes líquidos e<br />

resíduos sólidos do Polo<br />

Treatment and fi nal disposal of liquid effl uents<br />

and solid waste from the Pole.<br />

Monitoramento contínuo do<br />

ar, águas subterrâneas e <strong>de</strong><br />

superfície, rios e mar<br />

Continuous monitoring of air and ground,<br />

surface, river and sea water.<br />

Camaçari Industrial Pole’s license was renewed by IMA (Institute of the<br />

Environment) for an eight-year period. According to Cofi c (Committee<br />

for Industrial Promotion in Camaçari), it is the only industrial complex<br />

in Brazil with a collective operation license. Every company also holds<br />

its own individual license. The fi rst collective license was granted at the<br />

time of the Pole’s expansion in the 1980s. At the time, the EIA/Rima, was<br />

carried out, and Cepram <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d that this way would be more effi cient<br />

in ensuring proper management of the entire group’s environmental<br />

issues. The Pole is a pioneer in the adoption of integrated environmental<br />

protection systems. It was the fi rst industrial complex in Latin America,<br />

and one of the fi rst in the world, to consi<strong>de</strong>r this issue while still in the<br />

conception and project phase.<br />

Incineração <strong>de</strong> resíduos<br />

perigosos, líquidos e sólidos<br />

Incinerating <strong>da</strong>ngerous waste, liquid and solid.<br />

Operação do<br />

emissário submarino<br />

Operation of un<strong>de</strong>rwater<br />

emission outlet.<br />

Desenvolvimento <strong>de</strong> tecnologias<br />

<strong>de</strong> proteção ambiental<br />

Development of environmental<br />

protection technologies.


Para Oliveira, existem três problemas no Polo <strong>de</strong> Camaçari,<br />

que estão sendo superados. O primeiro <strong>de</strong>les refere-se<br />

à oferta <strong>da</strong> nafta, a principal matéria-prima, hoje<br />

garanti<strong>da</strong> pela Refi naria Landulpho Alves (Rlam) por meio<br />

<strong>de</strong> importação, o que reduz a competitivi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>. “A construção<br />

<strong>de</strong> novas refi narias no Nor<strong>de</strong>ste, especifi camente<br />

em Pernambuco, no Ceará e no Maranhão, proporcionará<br />

um aumento no suprimento para a indústria petroquímica”,<br />

afi rma.<br />

A segun<strong>da</strong> questão refere-se à logística, sobretudo ao<br />

gargalo dos portos baianos. A perspectiva <strong>de</strong> ampliação<br />

dos portos <strong>de</strong> Salvador e Aratu e a construção do novo<br />

Porto Sul, em Ilhéus, no entanto, abrem novos horizontes.<br />

“A última questão refere-se à i<strong>de</strong>ntifi cação <strong>de</strong> novas oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s<br />

para que possamos ampliar a ca<strong>de</strong>ia produtiva”,<br />

enfatiza A<strong>da</strong>ry Oliveira.<br />

FOnTe <strong>de</strong> TRansFORmaçãO<br />

O<br />

engenheiro Ary Barbosa Silveira foi<br />

um dos fun<strong>da</strong>dores do Polo Petroquímico<br />

<strong>de</strong> Camaçari. Chegou à<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong> em janeiro em 1974, mas já em 1972<br />

trabalhava no projeto <strong>de</strong> confi guração do<br />

que seria o complexo baiano. Trabalhou ao<br />

lado <strong>de</strong> Otto Perrone, nome forte na indústria<br />

petroquímica. “Éramos auxiliados por<br />

uma equipe <strong>de</strong> técnicos do Japão”, lembra<br />

o então diretor <strong>de</strong> obras <strong>da</strong> Copene. O<br />

mesmo otimismo <strong>da</strong>quela época continua<br />

presente no hoje consultor <strong>da</strong> área.<br />

“Acredito que vamos ter <strong>de</strong>sdobramos<br />

nos próximos anos em Camaçari. A tendência<br />

é <strong>de</strong> crescimento do Nor<strong>de</strong>ste, e a <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

é o <strong>de</strong>staque <strong>da</strong> região e conta com uma infraestrutura<br />

química já existente”, afi rma. Ele<br />

lembra que esta infraestrutura química não<br />

se traduz apenas em dutos e uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s. “Trata-se<br />

<strong>de</strong> um complexo que inclui mão-<strong>de</strong>obra<br />

qualifi ca<strong>da</strong> e um conjunto <strong>de</strong> empresas<br />

com propensão ao crescimento”, <strong>de</strong>staca.<br />

Ary Silveira, no entanto, diz ain<strong>da</strong> sentir<br />

uma certa frustração, embora saiba que<br />

a implantação do Polo <strong>de</strong> Camaçari mudou<br />

a reali<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong>. “Ele foi chamado<br />

<strong>de</strong> Polo porque se esperava a implantação<br />

<strong>de</strong> to<strong>da</strong> uma ca<strong>de</strong>ia produtiva. Na área<br />

<strong>de</strong> transformação plástica, a <strong>Bahia</strong> produz<br />

menos que Santa Catarina”, cita. Ele lembra<br />

que a terceira geração petroquímica é<br />

caracteriza<strong>da</strong> por pequenas e médias empresas<br />

que geram muitos empregos, mas<br />

que precisam <strong>de</strong> incentivos e <strong>de</strong> um tratamento<br />

diferenciado. “É hora <strong>de</strong> mu<strong>da</strong>r<br />

esta reali<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> no Polo”, alerta.<br />

A opinião <strong>de</strong> Ary Silveira é acompanha<strong>da</strong><br />

por Paulo Guimarães, superinten<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong><br />

Indústria e Mineração <strong>da</strong> Secretaria Estadual<br />

<strong>da</strong> Indústria, Comércio e Mineração (SICM).<br />

“Estamos atentos a esta questão, e as perspectivas<br />

são muito boas”, garante. O novo<br />

momento do Polo, segundo ele, está <strong>da</strong>ndo<br />

“fôlego” para a atração <strong>de</strong> indústrias, sobretudo<br />

<strong>de</strong> transformação plástica. “Há hoje um<br />

interesse muito gran<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> empresas <strong>de</strong> terceira<br />

geração <strong>de</strong> se instalarem na <strong>Bahia</strong>, inclusive<br />

<strong>de</strong> fora do País. Além <strong>da</strong> prospecção realiza<strong>da</strong><br />

pelo Estado. Temos sido procurados pelas<br />

companhias. Estamos otimistas”, festeja.<br />

source of TransformaTion<br />

Engineer Ary Barbosa Silveira was one of<br />

the foun<strong>de</strong>rs of Camaçari Petrochemical<br />

Pole. He arrived in <strong>Bahia</strong> in 1974, but had<br />

been working on the project for the complex<br />

since 1972, at the si<strong>de</strong> of Otto Perrone,<br />

a big name in the petrochemical industry.<br />

“We were helped by a team of technicians<br />

from Japan,” recalls Copene’s then director<br />

of construction. The optimism existing at that<br />

time is still present in the now area consultant.<br />

“I believe we will unfold in coming years at<br />

Camaçari. There’s a trend for growth in the Northeast<br />

and <strong>Bahia</strong> is the highlight of the region, and<br />

it enjoys existing chemical infrastructure,” he states.<br />

He reminds us that this chemical infrastructure<br />

is not limited to pipelines and units. “The com-<br />

technological up<strong>da</strong>ting is urgently nee<strong>de</strong>d and that it is an ongoing<br />

threat.<br />

In Oliveira’s opinion, there are three problems at the<br />

Pole, which are being overcome. The fi rst is related to the<br />

supply of naphtha, its main raw material, currently covered<br />

by Rlam (Refi naria Landulpho Alves) with imports, which reduces<br />

competitiveness. “Construction of new refi neries in<br />

the Northeast of Brazil, specifi cally in the states of Pernambuco,<br />

Ceara and Maranhao, will provi<strong>de</strong> an increase in supplies<br />

for the petrochemical industry,” he states.<br />

The second issue is related to logistics, especially bottlenecks<br />

at <strong>Bahia</strong>’s ports. The prospect of expanding the ports<br />

of Salvador and Aratu and construction of the new South Port<br />

in Ilhéus opens up new horizons. “The latter issues refer to<br />

i<strong>de</strong>ntifi cation of new opportunities for us to extend the production<br />

chain,” emphasizes A<strong>da</strong>ry Oliveira.<br />

plex inclu<strong>de</strong>s a qualifi ed workforce and a group<br />

of companies that are likely to grow,” he stresses.<br />

However, Ary Silveira says he feels a <strong>de</strong>gree<br />

of frustration, although he knows that the<br />

implementation of Camaçari Pole has changed<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>. “It was called Pole because we expected<br />

the entire production chain to be implemented<br />

there. In the plastics transformation area, <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

produces less than Santa Catarina State,” he<br />

quotes. He remembers that the third generation<br />

of petrochemicals is characterized by small<br />

and medium-sized enterprises generating many<br />

jobs, but requiring special treatment. “It’s time<br />

to change this actuality in the Pole,” he warns.<br />

Ary Silveira’s opinion is also held by Paulo<br />

Guimarães, superinten<strong>de</strong>nt of Industry and<br />

Mining of SICM (State Secretariat for Industry,<br />

Tra<strong>de</strong> and Mining). “We’re keeping our eyes<br />

open, and the prospects are very good,” he<br />

assures us. New times at the Pole, according<br />

to him, are providing “energy” to attract industry,<br />

especially in the plastics transformation<br />

sector. “To<strong>da</strong>y there’s huge interest on the part<br />

of third generation enterprises wanting to set<br />

up in <strong>Bahia</strong>, including foreign ones. Further to<br />

the State’s prospecting. Companies have approached<br />

us. We’re optimistic.”<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 23


24<br />

IndústrIa Industry<br />

comércIo tra<strong>de</strong><br />

OS DONOS DO<br />

negóciO<br />

com a diviSão <strong>de</strong> trabalho, <strong>de</strong>SpeSaS e lucroS,<br />

cooperativiSmo gera ren<strong>da</strong> para maiS <strong>de</strong> 224 mil baianoS<br />

by sharing work, expenses and profits, cooperatives generate income for over 224 thousand people in bahia<br />

pOR/By pERLA RIBEIRO<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS


Em vez <strong>de</strong> patrões e empregados, trabalho, <strong>de</strong>spesas<br />

e lucros são compartilhados e todos são<br />

“donos” do negócio. Assim é o cooperativismo,<br />

que cresce a passos largos no Estado e já respon<strong>de</strong><br />

pela geração <strong>de</strong> ren<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong> mais <strong>de</strong> 224 mil baianos. Na<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>, não há <strong>da</strong>dos ofi ciais sobre o volume <strong>de</strong> recursos<br />

movimentado pelas cooperativas. No entanto, tudo indica<br />

que chega à casa do bilhão. Só com exportações, as cooperativas<br />

baianas movimentaram, em 2009, US$ 23.844.199,<br />

um crescimento <strong>de</strong> mais <strong>de</strong> 58%, quando comparado ao<br />

<strong>de</strong>sempenho do setor registrado em 2008.<br />

Atualmente, a <strong>Bahia</strong> conta com 210.901 cooperados,<br />

distribuídos em 638 grupos, que geram 13.163 empregos<br />

diretos. Entre os segmentos que oferecem mais mão-<strong>de</strong>obra<br />

estão o <strong>de</strong> crédito, a agropecuária, a saú<strong>de</strong> e o <strong>de</strong><br />

trabalho. São experiências que geralmente começam com<br />

um grupo pequeno e, aos poucos, crescem e adquirem<br />

dimensões <strong>de</strong> empresa. São vários exemplos <strong>de</strong> sucesso<br />

no cooperativismo que servem para impulsionar a realização<br />

<strong>de</strong> novas experiências no segmento.<br />

business owners<br />

Instead of having owners and employees, work, expenses<br />

and profi ts are shared and everyone is an “owner”.<br />

This is the world of cooperatives, and the i<strong>de</strong>a is taking<br />

huge stri<strong>de</strong>s forward in the State. Cooperatives already<br />

account for the income of over 224 thousand people in<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>. There are no offi cial <strong>da</strong>ta in the State about the<br />

total turnover of cooperatives. However, it would seem to<br />

reach the billion mark. Taking exports alone, the turnover<br />

of <strong>Bahia</strong>’s cooperatives in 2009 was US$ 23,844,199, a<br />

growth of 58% as compared to the sector’s performance<br />

in 2008.<br />

At present <strong>Bahia</strong> has 210,901 cooperative-members,<br />

distributed into 638 groups generating 13,163 direct jobs.<br />

Among segments offering the most are credit, farming,<br />

health and labor. Cooperatives usually start with a small<br />

group and gradually grow and take on the proportions of<br />

an enterprise. There are a number of success stories concerning<br />

cooperatives, which drive new experiences in the<br />

segment.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 25


26<br />

comércIo tra<strong>de</strong><br />

“foi neceSSário criar uma cooperativa para adminiStrar aS riquezaS locaiS”<br />

ranusio santos cunha presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> cooperativa <strong>de</strong> crédito rural do semiárido <strong>da</strong> bahia (coopere)<br />

“it proved necessary to set up a cooperative to manage local wealth” ranusio santos cunha,<br />

presi<strong>de</strong>nt of coopere (cooperative of rural credit in the semiarid of bahia<br />

De acordo com o presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> Organização <strong>da</strong>s Cooperativas<br />

do Estado <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> (Oceb), Cérgio Tecchio, o<br />

número <strong>de</strong> socie<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s na <strong>Bahia</strong> é bem expressivo quando<br />

comparado aos <strong>de</strong>mais estados <strong>da</strong>s regiões Norte e Nor<strong>de</strong>ste.<br />

No entanto, ele ressalta que é necessário expandir<br />

muito o cooperativismo local para se igualar à reali<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong><br />

Sul e Su<strong>de</strong>ste. “Os estados <strong>de</strong>ssas regiões foram pioneiros<br />

no <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento <strong>da</strong>s primeiras cooperativas do Brasil.<br />

Eles saíram na frente. Tanto é que, no Sul, temos cooperativas<br />

com mais <strong>de</strong> cem anos <strong>de</strong> ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>”, explica Tecchio.<br />

nova legIslação<br />

O cenário atual aponta para a expansão. Um gran<strong>de</strong><br />

passo <strong>da</strong>do nesse sentido foi a criação <strong>da</strong> Lei Estadual número<br />

11.362, que é o marco legal do cooperativismo na<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>. Sanciona<strong>da</strong> pelo governo em 26 <strong>de</strong> janeiro <strong>de</strong> 2009,<br />

ela institui a Política Estadual <strong>de</strong> Apoio ao Cooperativismo<br />

e visa incentivar a ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> e contribuir para o seu <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento<br />

no Estado. Além disso, a lei se propõe a estimular<br />

a captação e a disponibilização <strong>de</strong> recursos financeiros<br />

<strong>de</strong>stinados a apoiar ações e promover parcerias necessárias<br />

ao <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento do cooperativismo.<br />

“Agora, com a sanção <strong>da</strong> Lei Estadual do Cooperativismo,<br />

que se encontra em fase <strong>de</strong> regulamentação, esperamos<br />

que haja mais incentivos oficiais”, <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong><br />

Tecchio. Ain<strong>da</strong> segundo ele, o segmento precisa investir<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

a nova lei poSSibilita <strong>de</strong>Senvolvimento<br />

econômico, com incluSão Social, além <strong>de</strong><br />

poSSibilitar aoS cooperativiStaS o aceSSo<br />

àS novaS tecnologiaS<br />

this new legislation enables economic <strong>de</strong>velopment with<br />

social inclusion, as well as allowing cooperative-members<br />

to gain access to new technology<br />

According to the presi<strong>de</strong>nt of OCEB (Organization of<br />

Cooperatives in the State of <strong>Bahia</strong>), Cérgio Tecchio, the<br />

number of examples in <strong>Bahia</strong> is significant when compared<br />

to the other states in the North and Northeast of Brazil.<br />

However, he stresses that substantial expansion is still necessary<br />

to reach the figures for the South and Southeast.<br />

“The states in those regions were pioneers in <strong>de</strong>veloping<br />

Brazil’s first cooperatives. They started ahead of us. So<br />

much so, that there are cooperatives in the South that are<br />

over 100 years old,” explains Tecchio.<br />

New legislaTiON<br />

The current scenario points at expansion. A stri<strong>de</strong> forward<br />

in this respect was State Law no. 11362, the legal framework<br />

for <strong>Bahia</strong>’s cooperatives. Passed on January 26, 2009,<br />

this law sets up the State Policy in Support to Cooperative<br />

Movement and is <strong>de</strong>signed to stimulate cooperative activity<br />

and contribute to its <strong>de</strong>velopment in the State. Furthermore,<br />

the law is inten<strong>de</strong>d to attract financial resources and make


em educação cooperativista nas escolas, formação <strong>de</strong> profi<br />

ssionais e li<strong>de</strong>ranças e divulgação do cooperativismo em<br />

to<strong>da</strong> a socie<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>, mostrando seus valores e princípios.<br />

Para o governo, a nova legislação possibilita <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento<br />

econômico, com inclusão social, além <strong>de</strong> possibilitar<br />

aos cooperativistas o acesso às novas tecnologias.<br />

Com a criação <strong>da</strong> lei, o po<strong>de</strong>r público estadual se compromete<br />

a prestar assistência educativa e técnica às cooperativas<br />

e a estabelecer incentivos fi scais e fi nanceiros para o<br />

<strong>de</strong>senvolvimento do cooperativismo, aten<strong>de</strong>ndo numa reivindicação<br />

antiga do movimento.<br />

“As cooperativas sempre se apresentaram como organizações<br />

alternativas, mas não tínhamos apoio público.<br />

Essa lei nos garante direito <strong>de</strong> cobrar dos governantes incentivo<br />

para os nossos empreendimentos. A economia solidária<br />

é 100% cooperativista ou associativista, e isso se<br />

refl etirá nas nossas ações, pois teremos apoio do governo,<br />

através <strong>de</strong> microcrédito e também com apoio técnico”,<br />

ressalta o presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> Camapet, Joilson Santana.<br />

A Camapet foi forma<strong>da</strong> em 1999 por jovens e adultos<br />

catadores <strong>da</strong> comuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> Alagados/Itapagipe. O objetivo<br />

era criar um empreendimento que possibilitasse a geração<br />

<strong>de</strong> trabalho, ren<strong>da</strong> e a inclusão dos catadores. Hoje,<br />

a cooperativa aten<strong>de</strong> diretamente 23 famílias <strong>de</strong> catadores<br />

<strong>da</strong> Península <strong>de</strong> Itapagipe, o que correspon<strong>de</strong> a um total<br />

<strong>de</strong> 110 pessoas que sobrevivem a partir <strong>da</strong> coleta e doação<br />

<strong>de</strong> recicláveis (plástico, papel, vidro e metais).<br />

a coopere começou com 20 agricultoreS<br />

<strong>de</strong> valente e hoje tem 12 mil aSSociadoS<br />

coopere progressed from 20 members from<br />

valente to 12 thousand at present<br />

them available to support action and promote partnerships<br />

necessary for the <strong>de</strong>velopment of <strong>Bahia</strong>’s cooperatives.<br />

“Now that the State Cooperative Law has been passed and<br />

is in the regulatory phase, we expect more offi cial incentives,”<br />

claims Tecchio. According to him, the segment needs further<br />

investment in school education about cooperatives, training<br />

professionals and lea<strong>de</strong>rship and making the movement better<br />

known to society, showing its values and principles.<br />

From the governmental point of view, this new legislation<br />

enables economic <strong>de</strong>velopment with social inclusion, as well<br />

as allowing cooperative-members to gain access to new technology.<br />

With this law, state public power is committed to providing<br />

educational and technical assistance to cooperatives<br />

and setting up tax incentives to foster <strong>de</strong>velopment of cooperatives,<br />

in reply to a longstanding claim of the movement’s.<br />

“Cooperatives have always portrayed themselves as alternative<br />

organizations, but we enjoyed no public support. This<br />

law guarantees us the right to <strong>de</strong>mand incentives for our enterprises<br />

from the government. A soli<strong>da</strong>ry economy is 100%<br />

cooperative or associative, and this will be refl ected in our<br />

action, because we’ll have governmental support, through<br />

microcredits and technical support,” emphasizes Camapet<br />

presi<strong>de</strong>nt Joilson Santana.<br />

Como constituir uma cooperativa<br />

how to establish a cooperative<br />

1) É necessário que haja interesse <strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>terminado grupo <strong>de</strong> pessoas, <strong>de</strong><br />

mesma ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>, que se proponham<br />

a trabalhar <strong>de</strong> forma organiza<strong>da</strong><br />

e coletiva para constituírem uma<br />

socie<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> em que todos participam e<br />

todos se bene bene ciam.<br />

1. It is necessary for a certain number of<br />

people to be interested in the same activity, who intend to work in an<br />

organized and collective fashion to constitute an association where they<br />

all participate and they all benefi t.<br />

2) Reunir, no mínimo, 20 pessoas físicas.<br />

2. Bring together at least 20 people.<br />

3) Elaborar um estatuto social.<br />

3. Draft Social Statutes.<br />

4) Realizar a assembleia <strong>de</strong> constituição, on<strong>de</strong> será aprovado o<br />

Estatuto e eleitos os administradores e conselheiros scais.<br />

4. Organize a constitution assembly where the Statutes are approved and<br />

administrators and fi scal councilors are elected.<br />

5) Elaborar uma ata <strong>de</strong> constituição<br />

(fun<strong>da</strong>ção) e registrar na<br />

Junta Comercial do Estado<br />

<strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> (Juceb).<br />

5. Draft the Constitution<br />

(Foun<strong>da</strong>tion) Charter and<br />

register it at<br />

JUCEB (<strong>Bahia</strong> State<br />

Board of Tra<strong>de</strong>).


28<br />

comércIo tra<strong>de</strong><br />

cria<strong>da</strong> em 1999, a camapet tem um papel<br />

importante no reSgate <strong>da</strong> autoeStima <strong>da</strong><br />

comuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> alagadoS/itapagipe<br />

set up in 1999, camapet plays an important in strengthening<br />

self-esteem in the community of alagados/itapagipe<br />

mo<strong>de</strong>lo <strong>de</strong> resIstêncIa<br />

Um estudo recente sobre a reali<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>da</strong>s cooperativas<br />

em todo o mundo, <strong>de</strong>senvolvido pela Organização Internacional<br />

do Trabalho (OIT), constatou que, ca<strong>da</strong> vez mais,<br />

as pessoas estão escolhendo o mo<strong>de</strong>lo para enfrentar as<br />

novas reali<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s econômicas. Ain<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong> acordo com o levantamento,<br />

as cooperativas têm se mostrado mais resistentes<br />

às crises do que outros mo<strong>de</strong>los <strong>de</strong> empresa e estão<br />

contribuindo <strong>de</strong> forma significativa para a manutenção e a<br />

geração <strong>de</strong> novos empregos.<br />

Foi justamente em um cenário <strong>de</strong> crise econômica e <strong>de</strong><br />

gran<strong>de</strong> inflação, on<strong>de</strong> as instituições financeiras não estavam<br />

dispostas a oferecer crédito, que 20 pequenos agricultores<br />

do município <strong>de</strong> Valente, a 238 km <strong>de</strong> Salvador, se<br />

uniram para constituir uma cooperativa <strong>de</strong> crédito.<br />

Como os bancos oficiais não emprestavam dinheiro<br />

para eles investirem na principal ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> subsistência<br />

do município, a partir <strong>da</strong>quele momento, um pequeno<br />

grupo se encarregaria <strong>de</strong> captar os recursos disponíveis<br />

entre eles e administrar as <strong>de</strong>man<strong>da</strong>s por crédito.<br />

“Os nossos poupadores não serviam para o sistema financeiro.<br />

Foi necessário criar uma cooperativa para administrar<br />

as riquezas locais”, explica o presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> Cooperativa<br />

<strong>de</strong> Crédito Rural do Semiárido <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> (Coopere), Ranusio<br />

Santos Cunha.<br />

O que não passava pela cabeça <strong>de</strong>sses empreen<strong>de</strong>dores<br />

é que o negócio cresceria tanto que saltaria dos 20 cooperados<br />

iniciais para os 12 mil atuais. “Temos agências <strong>da</strong><br />

cooperativa em oito municípios e estamos prestes a inaugurar<br />

mais duas”, adianta Cunha.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

Camapet was set up in 1999 for young and adult waste<br />

collectors in the community of Alagados/Itapagipe. It was<br />

aimed at becoming an enterprise to allow job and income<br />

generation, and social inclusion. To<strong>da</strong>y, the cooperative<br />

serves directly 23 families in the Itapagipe Peninsula, corresponding<br />

to 110 people who make their living from collecting<br />

and receiving donation of recyclable material (plastic,<br />

paper, glass and metal).<br />

mO<strong>de</strong>l Of resisTaNCe<br />

A recent ILO (International Labor Organization) study of<br />

the actuality of cooperatives worldwi<strong>de</strong> found that people<br />

are increasingly choosing this mo<strong>de</strong>l to face new economic<br />

reality. Also according to this research, cooperatives have<br />

proved more resistant to crises than other kinds of enterprise<br />

and are contributing significantly to maintain the generation<br />

of jobs, ensuring different families’ incomes.<br />

It was precisely in a scenario of economic crisis and high inflation<br />

– where financial entities were unwilling to grant credit<br />

– when 20 small farmers in the municipality of Valente, 238 km<br />

from Salvador, got together to set up a credit cooperative.<br />

As the official banks would not loan them funds to invest<br />

in the main activity for subsistence in the municipality,<br />

as of that time a small group would be in charge of attracting<br />

the resources available within the group and administrate<br />

requests for credit.<br />

“Our savers were not suitable for the banking system. It<br />

proved necessary to set up a cooperative to manage local<br />

wealth,” explains the presi<strong>de</strong>nt of Coopere (Cooperative<br />

of Rural Credit in the Semiarid of <strong>Bahia</strong>), Ranusio Santos<br />

Cunha. What never went through the minds of these entrepreneurs<br />

was that the business would grow to such an<br />

extent that it progressed from 20 members to 12 thousand<br />

at present. “We have cooperative agencies in eight municipalities<br />

and we’re about to open another two,” Cunha<br />

announces. The current economic scenario is completely<br />

different to previously, but the cooperative’s motto is still to<br />

offer the best possible terms to both len<strong>de</strong>r and borrower.<br />

“As we are a non-profit organization, we have always<br />

en<strong>de</strong>avored to pay savers as much as possible while charging<br />

borrowers the lowest possible rate,” Cunha informs us.<br />

Even with stiff competition from financial entities, business<br />

has been successful and the cooperative has seen ongoing<br />

growth, not only in terms of numbers of members but also<br />

in terms of revenue. In its 17-year lifetime, the original cooperative<br />

members have seen its capital skyrocket from the<br />

initial R$ 3 thousand to R$ 3 million, with its area of action<br />

now covering 32 municipalities in six of <strong>Bahia</strong>’s territories.


O cenário econômico atual é bem diferente do <strong>da</strong> época,<br />

mas a cooperativa mantém o lema <strong>de</strong> aliar as melhores<br />

condições <strong>de</strong> crédito tanto para quem disponibiliza o capital<br />

quanto para quem faz o empréstimo.<br />

“Como não temos fi ns lucrativos, nossa luta sempre foi<br />

pagar o máximo possível para quem poupa e com as menores<br />

taxas possíveis para quem pega emprestado”, informa<br />

Cunha. Mesmo com a forte concorrência <strong>da</strong>s fi nanceiras,<br />

o negócio tem <strong>da</strong>do tão certo que a cooperativa só faz<br />

crescer. Isso se dá não apenas em número <strong>de</strong> associados,<br />

mas também <strong>de</strong> receita.<br />

Em 17 anos <strong>de</strong> existência, os primeiros cooperados viram<br />

o empreendimento que nasceu com um capital inicial<br />

<strong>de</strong> R$ 3 mil saltar para R$ 3 milhões e a área <strong>de</strong> atuação<br />

abranger 32 municípios <strong>de</strong> seis territórios baianos.<br />

crÉdIto amplo<br />

Para fortalecer a atuação <strong>da</strong>s cooperativas <strong>de</strong> crédito<br />

rural, a Agência <strong>de</strong> Fomento do Estado <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> (Desenbahia)<br />

liberou R$ 1,6 milhão para ser executado em operações<br />

<strong>de</strong> microcrédito concedi<strong>da</strong>s a tomadores fi nais <strong>de</strong> 18<br />

municípios localizados na região do semiárido baiano.<br />

Além disso, estão em fase <strong>de</strong> análise projetos <strong>de</strong> outras<br />

três cooperativas do segmento, com foco principal na cobertura<br />

<strong>de</strong> municípios <strong>da</strong> região, que totalizam R$ 1 milhão.<br />

Também há novas parcerias em prospecção.<br />

“À medi<strong>da</strong> que são cumpri<strong>da</strong>s as obrigações fi nanceiras<br />

previstas nos contratos, as cooperativas po<strong>de</strong>m voltar a pleitear<br />

novos aportes para ampliação <strong>de</strong> suas carteiras”, explica o<br />

gerente <strong>de</strong> microfi nanças <strong>da</strong> Desenbahia, Marcelo Mesquita.<br />

em agoSto <strong>de</strong> 2006, a camapet ganhou o<br />

7o prêmio fieb <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>Sempenho ambiental,<br />

na categoria projetoS cooperativoS <strong>de</strong><br />

reSponSabili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> Socioambiental<br />

in august 2006, camapet was awar<strong>de</strong>d the 7th fieb award for<br />

environmental performance, in the category of cooperative products<br />

with socio-environmental responsibility<br />

BrOad CrediT<br />

In or<strong>de</strong>r to strengthen the action of rural credit cooperatives,<br />

Desenbahia (Promotion Agency for the State of <strong>Bahia</strong>)<br />

released R$ 1.6 million for use in microcredit transactions<br />

for fi nal borrowers from 18 municipalities in the semiarid region<br />

of <strong>Bahia</strong>. In addition, projects for another three cooperatives<br />

in the segment are in the analysis phase, focusing<br />

mainly on covering municipalities in the region, for a total of<br />

R$ 1 million. New partnerships are also being sought.<br />

“To the extent that fi nancial commitments set out in contracts<br />

signed are met, cooperatives can once again approach<br />

Desenbahia for expansion of their portfolios,” explains Marcelo<br />

Mesquita, Desenbahia’s microcredit manager.<br />

Fique sabendo! Get to know!<br />

1) OS INTERESSADOS NA CONSTITUIÇÃO <strong>de</strong> uma cooperativa <strong>de</strong>vem procurar a Oceb, que oferece quinzenalmente,<br />

às sextas-feiras, <strong>da</strong>s 9h às 11h, palestras gratuitas intitula<strong>da</strong>s “Passos para constituição <strong>de</strong> cooperativas”.<br />

MAIS INFORMAÇÕES PELO TELEFONE: 71 3321-1369. Those interested in setting up a cooperative should approach OCEB, which offers<br />

free lectures on Fri<strong>da</strong>ys from 9 to 11 am, called “Steps to set up cooperatives”. Further information is available on 55 71 3321-1369.<br />

2) A OCEB DISPONIBILIZA, GRATUITAMENTE, para as cooperativas registra<strong>da</strong>s,<br />

assessoria jurídica, técnica, organizacional, contábil, tributária e <strong>de</strong> gestão cooperativista.<br />

OCEB offers registered cooperatives free advice on legal, technical, organizational, accounting, tax and<br />

management matters.<br />

3) EM PARCERIA COM O SERVIÇO NACIONAL DE APRENDIZAGEM DO<br />

COOPERATIVISMO no Estado <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong>, a Oceb disponibiliza também o Serviço <strong>de</strong><br />

Apoio e Acompanhamento <strong>de</strong> Cooperativas (Saac), que tem como objetivo apoiar as<br />

cooperativas nos aspectos institucional, operacional, administrativo e contábil/<br />

tributário. Além disso, oferece cursos nas áreas <strong>de</strong> profi ssionalização <strong>da</strong> gestão<br />

e formação profi ssional. With the <strong>Bahia</strong> branch of the National Service for Cooperative Training<br />

as a partner, OCEB also makes SAAC (Support and Monitoring Service for Cooperatives) available<br />

to support cooperatives in institutional, operational, administrative and accounting/tax matters. In<br />

addition, it offers courses in the areas of professionalizing management and professional formation.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 29


30<br />

comércIo tra<strong>de</strong><br />

ReceiTa <strong>de</strong> sUcessO: dO seRTãO à eUROpa<br />

grupo <strong>de</strong> mulhereS paSSou a tranSformar umbu, manga, goiaba, maracujá e banana em<br />

doceS maravilhoSoS que conquiStaram eSpaço na meSa doS europeuS<br />

group of ladies learned to make umbu, mango, guava, passion fruit and banana into great jam to conquer a space on european tables<br />

O<br />

passado em que atuavam apenas como mães,<br />

mulheres e donas <strong>de</strong> casas ficou para trás, ce<strong>de</strong>ndo<br />

lugar a um processo <strong>de</strong> superação dos obstáculos<br />

impostos por uma socie<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> machista para mostrar<br />

que também podiam aju<strong>da</strong>r no complemento <strong>da</strong> ren<strong>da</strong> familiar.<br />

O que elas não contavam é que, além <strong>de</strong> colaborarem<br />

para o sustento <strong>de</strong> casa, também teriam a experiência<br />

difundi<strong>da</strong> nos quatro cantos do País e a produção exporta<strong>da</strong><br />

para a Europa.<br />

Tudo isso foi possível porque elas acreditaram no potencial<br />

do trabalho conjunto e, a partir <strong>da</strong> articulação na<br />

Pastoral Rural e dos movimentos sociais, criaram a Cooperativa<br />

Agropecuária Familiar <strong>de</strong> Canudos, Uauá e Curaçá<br />

(Coopercuc). O pontapé inicial para a experiência veio por<br />

meio <strong>de</strong> um curso <strong>de</strong> capacitação em beneficiamento <strong>de</strong><br />

frutas ofertado pelo Irpa. “As mulheres já tinham um grau<br />

<strong>de</strong> organização, o curso veio para somar, para agregar va-<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

reCipe fOr suCCess: frOm<br />

The BaCkwOOds TO eurOpe<br />

The time when women were only mothers, wives and<br />

homemakers has been left behind, to be replaced by a<br />

time for overcoming obstacles in a macho society, showing<br />

that women can also contribute to family income. What they<br />

did not realize was that, in addition to helping with the sustenance<br />

of their homes, their experience would be divulged all<br />

over the country and their production exported to Europe.<br />

All this became possible because women believed in the potential<br />

of working together and, based on linkage at the Rural Pastoral<br />

and social movements, they established Coopercuc (Family<br />

Farming Cooperative of Canudos, Uauá and Curaçá). The kickoff<br />

was a training course on processing fruit run by IRPA. “Women<br />

were already organized to some <strong>de</strong>gree, the course improved<br />

matters, ad<strong>de</strong>d value and ma<strong>de</strong> the job into a source of income,”<br />

Coopercuc commercial manager Jussara Dantas informs us.


lor e transformar o trabalho em fonte <strong>de</strong> ren<strong>da</strong>”, informa a<br />

gerente comercial <strong>da</strong> Coopercuc, Jussara Dantas.<br />

Com o aprendizado, passaram a transformar umbu,<br />

manga, goiaba, maracujá e banana em doces maravilhosos.<br />

No começo, elas só beneficiavam as frutas para o consumo<br />

familiar. Aos poucos, os produtos foram conquistando<br />

a vizinhança, e hoje elas se orgulham <strong>de</strong> levá-los para a<br />

mesa dos europeus.<br />

“Antes, elas praticamente não tinham outra ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

que não fosse cui<strong>da</strong>r <strong>de</strong> casa e dos filhos. Nossa região é<br />

muito machista, então o trabalho veio contribuir não só<br />

para a obtenção <strong>de</strong> ren<strong>da</strong> como para fortalecer a autoestima<br />

<strong>de</strong>stas mulheres”, explica Jussara Dantas.<br />

Inicialmente, ca<strong>da</strong> uma produzia individualmente, em<br />

casa. Quando elas se <strong>de</strong>ram conta <strong>da</strong> aceitação dos produtos,<br />

<strong>de</strong>cidiram criar rótulo e embalagem. Mesmo sem<br />

noções do mundo administrativo, conseguiram engrenar o<br />

negócio. Hoje, são 16 minifábricas distribuí<strong>da</strong>s entre os<br />

municípios <strong>de</strong> Uauá, Canudos e Curaçá, que reúnem 144<br />

cooperados e mais <strong>de</strong> 300 famílias. Dentre eles, 70% são<br />

mulheres, que conseguem representar 30% na ren<strong>da</strong> familiar,<br />

graças ao trabalho na Coopercuc.<br />

varIe<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> produtos<br />

Ao todo, são 14 produtos, vendidos a preços que variam<br />

<strong>de</strong> R$ 5 a R$ 10. Por ano, a Coopercuc produz 160<br />

tonela<strong>da</strong>s, sendo que 30% vão para exportação; 15%<br />

são consumidos pelo mercado local; e 55%, comercializados<br />

para a meren<strong>da</strong> escolar <strong>de</strong> 13 municípios, por<br />

meio do Programa <strong>de</strong> Aquisição Alimentar (PAA), do governo<br />

fe<strong>de</strong>ral.<br />

A Coopercuc tem uma receita anual <strong>de</strong> R$ 1 milhão e<br />

ca<strong>da</strong> cooperado recebe entre R$ 3,5 mil a R$ 5 mil por ano,<br />

<strong>de</strong> acordo com a produção. “A gente pensava que os produtos<br />

beneficiados seriam consumidos só pelas famílias,<br />

mas cresceu tanto que hoje a gente exporta”, conta, orgulhosa,<br />

a gerente comercial.<br />

Agora, o principal <strong>de</strong>safio que a cooperativa tem pela<br />

frente é romper os obstáculos <strong>da</strong> logística. “Temos dificul<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> transportar nossos produtos. Como atuamos no<br />

meio <strong>da</strong> caatinga e não contamos com uma transportadora<br />

em nosso município, temos dificul<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> escoar nossa<br />

produção nos municípios vizinhos”. Isso faz com que seja<br />

mais complicado levar os produtos a Juazeiro do que à<br />

Europa. “Quando exportamos, é em quanti<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>, então<br />

vale a pena o transporte. Mas, no caso <strong>de</strong> uma saca ou<br />

duas, não vale a pena”, diz Jussara Dantas.<br />

They learned to make umbu, mango, guava, passion<br />

fruit and banana into great jam. At first, they only processed<br />

food for home consumption. Little by little, their products<br />

became well known in their neighborhoods, and to<strong>da</strong>y they<br />

are proud to have them on European tables. “They used to<br />

have practically no activity except housekeeping and taking<br />

care of their children. Our region is very macho, so working<br />

not only contributed to family income but also strengthened<br />

these women’s self-esteem,” explains Jussara Dantas.<br />

At first, their production was individual, at home. When<br />

they realized how successful their products were, they <strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d<br />

to <strong>de</strong>sign labels and packaging. Even though they knew<br />

nothing of the world of administration, they managed to get<br />

their business off the ground. Now they have 16 mini-factories<br />

spread out over the municipalities of Uauá, Canudos<br />

and Curaçá, with 144 cooperative-members and over 300<br />

families. Seventy percent are women, who contribute 30%<br />

to their family income by means of their work at Coopercuc.<br />

VarieTy Of prOduCTs<br />

All told, there are 14 products, sold at prices ranging<br />

from R$ 5 to R$ 10. Coopercuc’s annual production is 160<br />

tons, with 30% earmarked for export, 15% for the local market<br />

and 55% for school lunches in 13 municipalities through<br />

the fe<strong>de</strong>ral government’s PAA (Food Acquisition Program).<br />

Coopercuc has an annual revenue of R$ 1 million and every<br />

member earns from R$ 3.5 thousand to R$ 5 thousand a year, <strong>de</strong>pending<br />

on production. “We thought processed goods would<br />

only be consumed by families, but we’ve grown so much that<br />

we’re exporting now,” says the commercial manager proudly. At<br />

present, the main challenge facing the cooperative is to overcome<br />

obstacles in the logistics area. “We have trouble transporting our<br />

products. As we operate in the middle of Caatinga and there is no<br />

transport in our municipality, we find it hard to get our production<br />

to neighboring municipalities.” This means that it is har<strong>de</strong>r to haul<br />

production to the city of Juazeiro in <strong>Bahia</strong> than to Europe. “When<br />

“à medi<strong>da</strong> que São<br />

cumpri<strong>da</strong>S aS obrigaçõeS<br />

financeiraS, aS<br />

cooperativaS po<strong>de</strong>m<br />

pleitear novoS aporteS”<br />

marcelo mesquita gerente <strong>de</strong><br />

microfinanças <strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong>senbahia<br />

as they meet their financial<br />

commitments, cooperatives are<br />

entitled for new funding<br />

marcelo mesquita, MICROFINANCE<br />

MANAgER, DESENBAHIA<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 31


32<br />

comércIo tra<strong>de</strong><br />

Em 2005, para fazer com que os produtos rompessem<br />

as fronteiras do País, os cooperados precisaram mu<strong>da</strong>r as<br />

embalagens, a<strong>de</strong>quando-as ao padrão europeu. A cooperativa<br />

já <strong>de</strong>u voos bem mais altos do que as primeiras mulheres<br />

que a criaram podiam imaginar. Porém o <strong>de</strong>sejo <strong>de</strong><br />

crescer não para. Há um projeto no Bird e BNDES para<br />

ampliar a estrutura <strong>da</strong> fábrica central e <strong>da</strong>s minifábricas,<br />

orçado em R$ 1 milhão.<br />

A ca<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong>safi o superado, vem a certeza <strong>de</strong> que, dia<br />

após dia, é possível repetir uma receita que vem <strong>da</strong>ndo<br />

muito sucesso. Os ingredientes responsáveis por isso, segundo<br />

Jussara Dantas, são transparência, força <strong>de</strong> vonta<strong>de</strong>,<br />

coragem e boa gestão. “Difundimos nossa experiência<br />

em todo o Nor<strong>de</strong>ste. Ministramos cursos <strong>de</strong> benefi ciamento,<br />

<strong>de</strong> gestão, <strong>de</strong> transparência, <strong>de</strong> administração. Até<br />

pessoas do Sul e do Su<strong>de</strong>ste vêm nos visitar e apren<strong>de</strong>r<br />

com o trabalho que <strong>de</strong>senvolvemos aqui”, orgulha-se.<br />

pIngue-pongue CéRGIO TECChIO<br />

Quais os principais <strong>de</strong>safi os encontrados<br />

pelas cooperativas hoje?<br />

Faltam políticas públicas que permitam<br />

a participação <strong>da</strong>s socie<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s cooperativas<br />

em todos os setores públicos e<br />

privados. Também reivindicamos participação<br />

no processo <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento<br />

do Estado e <strong>da</strong> socie<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> por meio <strong>da</strong><br />

prestação <strong>de</strong> serviços a órgãos públicos<br />

e <strong>de</strong>mais empresas. Queremos buscar os<br />

espaços que a socie<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> e o mercado<br />

oferecem com competência e com quali<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> serviços e dos produtos. Além<br />

disso, é fun<strong>da</strong>mental ter um marco regulatório<br />

favorável e bem <strong>de</strong>fi nido, que não<br />

gere interpretações equivoca<strong>da</strong>s <strong>da</strong>s autori<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s<br />

e <strong>da</strong> socie<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> em geral.<br />

Qual a principal área <strong>de</strong> atuação <strong>da</strong>s<br />

cooperativas baianas?<br />

As cooperativas baianas têm atuado em<br />

diversas áreas, a exemplo do transporte,<br />

teatro, cultura, crédito produtivo, <strong>de</strong><br />

consumo e pessoal, serviços fi nanceiros,<br />

educação, formação e qualifi cação profi<br />

ssional, trabalho, saú<strong>de</strong>, agricultura,<br />

pecuária, pesca, turismo, lazer, infraestrutura,<br />

produção, artesanato, reciclagem,<br />

habitação, mineração.<br />

há alguma política estadual que apoie<br />

este tipo <strong>de</strong> iniciativa?<br />

Existem estímulos por meio do Desenbahia<br />

e do BNDES, com linhas <strong>de</strong> crédi-<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

to. Também existem as secretarias com<br />

estruturas que dão orientação para a<br />

formação e capacitação. No crédito, o<br />

Banco Central tem estimulado o cooperativismo<br />

para realizar a inclusão dos menos<br />

favorecidos nos serviços fi nanceiros e<br />

o acesso à poupança e ao crédito.<br />

há uma receita <strong>de</strong> sucesso para quem<br />

está ingressando no setor?<br />

É preciso atuar em conformi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> com a<br />

legislação em vigor, ter uma boa estrutura<br />

<strong>de</strong> governança na cooperativa, capacitar<br />

bem os dirigentes e colaboradores, capacitar<br />

os cooperados para trabalharem no<br />

processo, ter transparência e profi ssionalização<br />

na gestão e aplicar os princípios<br />

e valores do cooperativismo. Também é<br />

necessário ter objetivos bem <strong>de</strong>fi nidos<br />

pelo quadro <strong>de</strong> associados e perseguir<br />

este objetivo com muita <strong>de</strong>dicação.<br />

we export, large quantities are involved, so haulage is worthwhile.<br />

But in the case of just a sack or two, it isn’t,” says Jussara Dantas.<br />

To make their products cross the Brazilian frontiers, in 2005<br />

cooperative members had to change their packaging, a<strong>da</strong>pting<br />

it to European stan<strong>da</strong>rds. The cooperative is fl ying higher<br />

than the founding members ever dreamed, but the <strong>de</strong>sire to<br />

continue growing is still there. There is a project with IBRD and<br />

BNDES to expand the structure of the central factory and the<br />

mini-factories, with an R$ 1 million budget.<br />

With every obstacle overcome, there is greater certainty that<br />

it is possible to repeat the recipe that has worked so well, <strong>da</strong>y<br />

after <strong>da</strong>y. According to Jussara Dantas, the ingredients are transparency,<br />

will power, courage and good management. “We’ve<br />

disseminated our experiences all over the Northeast of Brazil.<br />

We run courses on processing, management, transparency and<br />

administration. Even people from the South and Southeast have<br />

come to see what we’re doing here,” she tells us proudly.<br />

what are the main challenges cooperatives are<br />

facing to<strong>da</strong>y?<br />

We lack public policy enabling participation<br />

of cooperatives in all private and public sectors.<br />

We are also calling for participation in the process<br />

of <strong>de</strong>veloping the State and society by means<br />

of services provi<strong>de</strong>d to public bodies and other<br />

companies. We want to fi ll the empty voids offered<br />

by society and the market, competently and<br />

with quality services and products. In addition, it’s<br />

key to have a favorable and clearly <strong>de</strong>fi ned regulatory<br />

framework, preventing misinterpretation on<br />

the part of the authorities and society.<br />

what is the main area of action of bahia’s cooperatives?<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>’s cooperatives have acted in a number<br />

of areas, for example transport, theater, culture,<br />

credits for production, consumption and personal<br />

use, fi nancial services, education, vocational formation<br />

and qualifi cation, work, health, agriculture,<br />

livestock-raising, fi shing, tourism, leisure, infrastructure,<br />

production, arts and crafts, recycling, housing<br />

and mining.<br />

are there any state policies supporting this<br />

kind of initiative?<br />

There are incentives through Desenbahia<br />

and BNDES, through credit lines. There are also<br />

secretariats with structures providing gui<strong>da</strong>nce regarding<br />

formation and training. In terms of credit,<br />

the Central Bank has encouraged cooperatives to<br />

inclu<strong>de</strong> less fortunate people in fi nancial services<br />

and access to savings and loans.<br />

is there a recipe for success for people entering<br />

the sector?<br />

One must act in conformity with law, have a<br />

good governance structure in the cooperative,<br />

train lea<strong>de</strong>rs and workers properly, prepare cooperative<br />

members to work within the process,<br />

be transparent, professionalize management and<br />

apply the principles and values of the cooperative<br />

movement. It is also necessary to have objectives<br />

that are clearly <strong>de</strong>fi ned by membership, and pursue<br />

them with absolute <strong>de</strong>dication.


IndústrIa Industry<br />

NOvOS CAMINhOS PARA O<br />

<strong>de</strong>senvOlvimenTO<br />

CONSELhO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO INDUSTRIAL é fóRUM DE DISCUSSõES DE<br />

pOLíTICAS púBLICAS DE ESTíMULO à ATIVIDADE ECONôMICA NO ESTADO<br />

COUNCIL FOR INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT IS A FORUM FOR DISCUSSION OF PUBLIC<br />

POLICY TO STIMULATE ECONOMIC ACTIVITY IN THE STATE<br />

Bastante motivados, grupos <strong>de</strong> representantes do<br />

governo, socie<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> civil e <strong>de</strong> setores <strong>da</strong> ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

econômica se reuniram para trocar i<strong>de</strong>ias em busca<br />

<strong>de</strong> soluções para os principais gargalos <strong>da</strong> economia<br />

baiana. Este foi o início promissor <strong>da</strong>s ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s, em<br />

outubro <strong>de</strong> 2010, do Conselho <strong>de</strong> Desenvolvimento Industrial<br />

(CDI), órgão consultivo <strong>da</strong> Secretaria Estadual <strong>da</strong> Indústria,<br />

Comércio e Mineração (SICM), cuja missão é colaborar<br />

para o <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento <strong>da</strong> ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> econômica do Estado.<br />

Apesar <strong>da</strong> perspectiva inovadora <strong>de</strong> um organismo que<br />

promova um amplo diálogo entre representantes <strong>da</strong> ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

econômica e órgãos governamentais, a i<strong>de</strong>ia <strong>de</strong> um<br />

fórum consultivo <strong>de</strong>ste tipo é antiga. Em 1961, foi cria<strong>da</strong> a<br />

primeira versão do CDI. Coube ao conselho proce<strong>de</strong>r a uma<br />

radiografia <strong>de</strong> setores e ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s que po<strong>de</strong>riam contribuir<br />

<strong>de</strong> forma efetiva para o crescimento <strong>da</strong> economia. Esta observação<br />

apura<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> dinâmica do setor produtivo <strong>de</strong>u origem<br />

aos incentivos fiscais que trouxeram investimentos ao<br />

Polo <strong>de</strong> Camaçari e ao Centro Industrial <strong>de</strong> Aratu.<br />

pOR/By LUIz SOUzA*<br />

fOTOS/PhOTOS jOÃO ALVAREz<br />

* colaboraram fabiane pita e valana gualuz<br />

* WITH THE COLLABORATION OF FABIANE PITA AND VALANA gUALUz<br />

new courses To <strong>de</strong>velopmenT<br />

Groups of well-motivated representatives of government,<br />

civil society and sectors of economic activity<br />

met to exchange i<strong>de</strong>as in quest for solutions to the main<br />

bottlenecks in <strong>Bahia</strong>’s economy. Such was the promising<br />

start of activities, on October 18, of CDI (Council for Industrial<br />

Development), a consulting body of SICM (State<br />

Secretariat for Industry, Commerce and Mining), whose<br />

mission it is to help <strong>de</strong>velop the State’s economic activity.<br />

Despite the innovating perspective of a body promoting<br />

broad dialog between the representatives of economic<br />

activity and governmental bodies, the i<strong>de</strong>a of a<br />

consulting forum of this nature is not new. The first version<br />

of CDI was set up in 1961. It was the Council’s duty to xray<br />

sectors and activities that could effectively contribute<br />

to economic growth. This painstaking examination of the<br />

dynamics of the productive sector led to the tax incentives<br />

that attracted investment in the Camaçari Pole and Aratu<br />

Industrial Center.


34<br />

IndústrIa Industry<br />

Porém, em 1991, com a criação do Programa <strong>de</strong> Promoção<br />

do Desenvolvimento <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> (Pro<strong>Bahia</strong>), consi<strong>de</strong>rado<br />

mais específico e abrangente, o CDI ficou paralisado.<br />

O conselho seria novamente criado no atual governo, a<br />

partir do Decreto n o 12.046/2010, publicado em 9 <strong>de</strong> abril<br />

<strong>de</strong> 2010. Por questões legais, o CDI tem a <strong>de</strong>nominação<br />

atual, embora haja o objetivo <strong>de</strong>, nos próximos meses, fazer<br />

com que o conselho evolua para CDIC, ou Conselho<br />

<strong>de</strong> Desenvolvimento Industrial e Comercial.<br />

Em sua configuração atual, o CDI é formado por 32<br />

membros <strong>de</strong> 16 enti<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s, sendo operado por meio <strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>z câmaras setoriais e seis transversais. As primeiras estão<br />

dividi<strong>da</strong>s em agroindústria, atacadista, automobilística, calçadista,<br />

comércio e serviços, construção civil, mineração,<br />

indústria naval e portuária, petróleo e petroquímica, além<br />

<strong>de</strong> papel e celulose. Já as transversais, que têm como característica<br />

principal o diálogo e a colaboração direta com<br />

as setoriais, são compostas por representantes dos setores<br />

<strong>de</strong> energia, financiamento e <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento, meio<br />

ambiente, relações <strong>de</strong> trabalho, tecnologia e inovação e<br />

política tributária. “Nas câmaras, os participantes terão<br />

oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> interagir entre si e com o Estado, <strong>de</strong><br />

modo que possam influenciar e alterar os ambientes organizacionais<br />

para aumentar a eficiência <strong>da</strong>s relações econômicas<br />

e <strong>da</strong>s políticas públicas”, <strong>de</strong>staca o secretário <strong>da</strong><br />

Indústria, Comércio e Mineração, James Correia.<br />

Durante o evento que marcou o início <strong>da</strong>s ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s<br />

do CDI, o governador Jaques Wagner afirmou que as câmaras<br />

setoriais são espaço <strong>de</strong> trabalho, e não apenas <strong>de</strong><br />

reflexão. Neste sentido, é necessário que as câmaras tenham<br />

um enfoque objetivo, na busca do enfrentamento<br />

reunião <strong>da</strong> câmara Sobre relaçõeS <strong>de</strong> trabalho,<br />

Sob a coor<strong>de</strong>nação <strong>de</strong> hildáSio pitanga<br />

chamber meeting on labor relations, coordinated by hildásio pitanga<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

“noSSa intenção, com o cdi, é trazer eStaS<br />

reflexõeS para uma dinâmica prática”<br />

jaques wagner governador <strong>da</strong> bahia<br />

“it iS our intention, With cdi, to bring theSe<br />

reflectionS to a practical dYnamic”<br />

jaques wagner governor of bahia<br />

However, in 1991, with the creation of Pro<strong>Bahia</strong> (Program<br />

for Promoting the Development of <strong>Bahia</strong>), which is consi<strong>de</strong>red<br />

more specific and comprehensive, CDI was paralyzed.<br />

The Council was put back in place un<strong>de</strong>r the current government,<br />

based on Decree no. 12046/2010, published on April<br />

9, 2010. For legal reasons, CDI retains its current name, although<br />

the objective is to change it to CDIC (Council for Industrial<br />

and Commercial Development) in coming months.<br />

In its current configuration, CDI is ma<strong>de</strong> up of 32 members<br />

from 16 entities, and it is operated by means of ten<br />

sector-specific chambers and six transversal. The former are<br />

divi<strong>de</strong>d up into agro-industry, wholesalers, motor vehicles,<br />

footwear, commerce and services, civil construction, mining,<br />

naval and port industries, petroleum and petrochemicals,<br />

as well as pulp and paper. The transversal chambers,<br />

whose main features are dialog and direct cooperation with<br />

the sector-specific chambers, comprise representatives from<br />

the energy, finance & <strong>de</strong>velopment, environmental, labor<br />

relations, technology & innovation and tax policy sectors.<br />

“All the participants in the chambers will have a chance to<br />

interact with each other and with the State to influence and<br />

change organizational climate in or<strong>de</strong>r to boost the efficiency<br />

of economic relations and public policies,” emphasizes<br />

James Correia, Secretary of Industry, Commerce & Mining.<br />

During the event marking the start of CDI’s activities,<br />

<strong>Governo</strong>r Jaques Wagner pointed out that the sector<br />

chambers are workspaces, not spaces merely for reflection.<br />

It is thus necessary for the chambers to focus objectively


<strong>de</strong> problemas e gargalos, a fim <strong>de</strong> dinamizar as ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s<br />

do CDI. “Óbvio que temos todo respeito em relação aos<br />

setores <strong>da</strong> socie<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> que produzem reflexões, mas a nossa<br />

intenção, com o CDI, é trazer estas reflexões para uma<br />

dinâmica prática”, <strong>de</strong>staca Wagner.<br />

A perspectiva do governador é reafirma<strong>da</strong> pelo consultor<br />

Hél<strong>de</strong>r Men<strong>de</strong>s, <strong>da</strong> Altiplan, empresa que auxiliou o<br />

processo <strong>de</strong> constituição do fórum: “É nesta capaci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> gerar resultados que po<strong>de</strong> estar assegura<strong>da</strong> a capaci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> sobrevivência <strong>da</strong>s câmaras”. As iniciativas para<br />

que as intenções <strong>da</strong>s câmaras componentes do CDI saiam<br />

do papel, <strong>de</strong> maneira efetiva, foram toma<strong>da</strong>s durante a<br />

constituição dos grupos. Para tanto, foram escolhidos para<br />

compor as mesas <strong>de</strong> discussões sindicatos representativos<br />

<strong>da</strong>s categorias e segmentos em questão, a fim <strong>de</strong> que as<br />

<strong>de</strong>cisões e diretivas estejam <strong>de</strong> acordo com as opiniões<br />

vigentes em ca<strong>da</strong> setor, em vez <strong>de</strong> privilegiar apenas <strong>de</strong>man<strong>da</strong>s<br />

<strong>de</strong> gran<strong>de</strong>s empresas ou grupos econômicos.<br />

atacadIsta e meIo amBIente<br />

O diálogo proporcionado pelo CDI abre perspectiva <strong>de</strong><br />

resolução <strong>de</strong> tensões e o incentivo a negociações saudáveis<br />

entre a iniciativa priva<strong>da</strong> e o po<strong>de</strong>r público. Neste sentido,<br />

um dos setores que conseguiram <strong>de</strong>finir sugestões<br />

iniciais <strong>de</strong> políticas públicas foi o atacadista. Representantes<br />

do ramo queixam-se <strong>da</strong> política tributária estadual. “Há<br />

distorções que têm efeito direto sobre a competitivi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>”,<br />

<strong>de</strong>staca Israel Andra<strong>de</strong>, presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> Associação dos Distribuidores<br />

e Atacadistas <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> (As<strong>da</strong>b) e integrante <strong>da</strong><br />

câmara setorial atacadista.<br />

Por conta <strong>de</strong> uma série <strong>de</strong> políticas <strong>de</strong> incentivos tributários<br />

implementa<strong>da</strong>s por estados vizinhos, há produtos<br />

<strong>de</strong> atacado que chegam ao território baiano com preços<br />

supercompetitivos, o que reduz a perspectiva do atacado<br />

baiano <strong>de</strong> fazer frente à concorrência. “Portanto, acreditamos<br />

que seja necessária uma ação efetiva neste aspecto, a<br />

fim <strong>de</strong> que possamos eliminar as distorções”, prossegue.<br />

Já a câmara setorial do meio ambiente tem o gran<strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>safio <strong>de</strong> colaborar para o <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento sustentável,<br />

com vistas a harmonizar com a questão ambiental o dinamismo<br />

econômico verificado em áreas como mineração,<br />

construção civil e papel e celulose. O setor ain<strong>da</strong> guar<strong>da</strong><br />

uma série <strong>de</strong> oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s na geração <strong>da</strong>s chama<strong>da</strong>s<br />

energias limpas, como a eólica. A perspectiva <strong>de</strong> sugerir<br />

políticas públicas que tenham como foco as energias renováveis<br />

<strong>de</strong>verá contar com a participação <strong>da</strong> câmara setorial<br />

<strong>de</strong> energia. O potencial do Estado na geração <strong>de</strong> energia<br />

“oS participanteS terão oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong><br />

interagir entre Si e com o eStado”<br />

james correia secretário <strong>da</strong> indústria, comércio e mineração<br />

“participantS Will have an opportunitY to interact<br />

With each other and the State”<br />

james correia secretary of industry, commerce and mining<br />

on confronting problems and bottlenecks, to boost CDI’s<br />

activities. “Obviously we fully respect sectors of society that<br />

produce reflection, but it is our intention with CDI to put<br />

these reflections into practice,” stresses Wagner.<br />

The <strong>Governo</strong>r’s point of view is reasserted by consultant<br />

Hél<strong>de</strong>r Men<strong>de</strong>s of Altiplan, the company that helped<br />

with the process of setting up the forum: “It is through this<br />

capability of obtaining results that the chambers’ capacity<br />

for survival can be ensured.” Initiatives for the intentions of<br />

the chambers comprising CDI to in<strong>de</strong>ed become actuality<br />

were taken while putting together the groups. To this<br />

end, entities representing the categories and segments<br />

involved were chosen to join the discussions, so that <strong>de</strong>cisions<br />

and gui<strong>de</strong>lines would be in agreement with the opinions<br />

current in each sector, instead of only privileging the<br />

<strong>de</strong>mands of large companies or economic groups.<br />

whOlesalers aNd The eNVirONmeNT<br />

Dialog enabled by CDI opens up perspectives for resolution<br />

of tensions and an incentive for healthy negotiation<br />

between private initiative and public power. In this sense,<br />

the wholesale sector was one of those that managed to<br />

establish initial suggestions for public policy. Representatives<br />

in the tra<strong>de</strong> complain about the State’s tax policy.<br />

“There are distortions that have a direct effect on competitiveness,”<br />

emphasizes Israel Andra<strong>de</strong>, presi<strong>de</strong>nt of As<strong>da</strong>b<br />

(<strong>Bahia</strong> Association of Distributors and Wholesalers) and a<br />

member of the wholesale sector chamber.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 35


36<br />

IndústrIa Industry<br />

algumaS <strong>da</strong>S principaiS pautaS do<br />

movimento Sindical, como a redução <strong>da</strong><br />

jorna<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong> trabalho Sem per<strong>da</strong> Salarial,<br />

<strong>de</strong>vem fazer parte doS <strong>de</strong>bateS<br />

some of the main targets of the tra<strong>de</strong> union movement,<br />

such as reducing the work<strong>da</strong>y with no loss of salary,<br />

should be inclu<strong>de</strong>d in <strong>de</strong>bates<br />

eólica, principalmente no litoral, é algo que salta aos olhos,<br />

tendo em vista que o litoral baiano é o <strong>de</strong> maior extensão<br />

no País, com cerca <strong>de</strong> 1.183 km.<br />

Segundo o assessor especial <strong>da</strong> Secretaria Estadual do<br />

Meio Ambiente (Sema) e coor<strong>de</strong>nador <strong>da</strong> câmara transversal<br />

do meio ambiente, Kléber Paulistano, o custo <strong>da</strong> geração<br />

<strong>de</strong> energias alternativas vem se reduzindo ano a ano, o<br />

que alimenta as perspectivas <strong>de</strong> viabili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> financeira para<br />

os projetos <strong>de</strong> geração renováveis. Por outro lado, em relação<br />

à indústria, a perspectiva traça<strong>da</strong> pela câmara do meio<br />

ambiente é colaborar para o <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento sustentável,<br />

com a meta <strong>de</strong> aliar o investimento produtivo à preservação<br />

ambiental.<br />

o papel dos traBalhadores<br />

A filosofia do diálogo e interação com todo o contexto<br />

do CDI, diretriz que rege a atuação <strong>da</strong>s câmaras<br />

transversais, favoreceu a participação dos trabalhadores.<br />

Inicialmente, o Departamento Intersindical <strong>de</strong> Estatística e<br />

Estudos Socioeconômicos foi convocado ao <strong>de</strong>bate como<br />

representante <strong>da</strong> classe trabalhadora. Porém a economista<br />

Ana Georgina Dias pon<strong>de</strong>rou que não era a missão do<br />

Dieese falar pelos trabalhadores, o que viabilizou a participação<br />

<strong>da</strong>s centrais sindicais no CDI, por intermédio <strong>da</strong><br />

câmara transversal sobre relações do trabalho. “É uma iniciativa<br />

louvável”, elogia Ana, observando que algumas <strong>da</strong>s<br />

principais pautas do movimento sindical, como a redução<br />

<strong>da</strong> jorna<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong> trabalho, <strong>de</strong>vem fazer parte dos diálogos.<br />

O vice-presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> Fe<strong>de</strong>ração <strong>da</strong>s Indústrias <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong>,<br />

Reinaldo Sampaio, pontua que uma questão a ser supera<strong>da</strong>s<br />

é a carência <strong>de</strong> mão-<strong>de</strong>-obra qualifica<strong>da</strong> em setores<br />

que apresentam dinamismo. O diagnóstico é o mesmo na<br />

câmara calçadista. Após sobreviver à invasão <strong>de</strong> produtos<br />

chineses e à que<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>s taxas <strong>de</strong> câmbio – algo que reduz<br />

a competitivi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>da</strong>s exportações do setor –, o ramo <strong>de</strong><br />

calçados prepara-se para enfrentar um novo <strong>de</strong>safio: a carência<br />

<strong>de</strong> pessoal qualificado para aten<strong>de</strong>r à exigência do<br />

mercado por produtos ca<strong>da</strong> vez mais refinados.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

Due to tax incentive policies put in place by neighboring<br />

states, there are wholesale products that arrive in <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

at super-competitive prices, which reduce the chances<br />

of <strong>Bahia</strong>’s wholesalers of successfully facing competition.<br />

“We therefore believe effective action is necessary in this<br />

aspect, so we can eliminate distortions,” he continues.<br />

The environmental sector chamber faces the huge challenge<br />

of collaborating with sustainable <strong>de</strong>velopment with<br />

a view to attaining harmony between environmental issues<br />

and economic dynamism to be seen in areas such as mining,<br />

civil construction and pulp and paper. The sector retains a<br />

number of opportunities in the generation of so-called clean<br />

energies, such as wind farms. Suggesting public policy focusing<br />

on renewable energy should involve the energy sector<br />

chamber. The State’s potential for generating wind energy,<br />

especially on the coast, is obvious, taking into account that<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>’s shoreline is the country’s longest, about 1,183 km.<br />

According to Kléber Paulistano, a special adviser to SEMA<br />

(State Secretariat for the Environment) and coordinator of the<br />

transversal chamber for the environment, the cost of generating<br />

alternative energies has been coming down year-by-year, which<br />

increases the chances of financial feasibility of renewable energy<br />

products. On the other hand, in connection with industry, the<br />

course set by the environment chamber is to collaborate with<br />

sustainable <strong>de</strong>velopment, with the aim of bringing together<br />

productive investment and environmental preservation.<br />

The wOrkers’ rOle<br />

The philosophy of dialog and interaction with CDI’s entire<br />

context, one of the gui<strong>de</strong>lines governing the transversal<br />

chambers’ action, encouraged the participation of workers.<br />

Initially, Dieese (Inter-Tra<strong>de</strong> Union Department for Statistics<br />

and Socio-Economic Studies) was brought into talks as a representative<br />

of labor. However, economist Ana Georgina Dias<br />

<strong>de</strong>emed that it was not Dieese’s mission to speak on behalf<br />

of the workers, which allowed the participation of tra<strong>de</strong> union<br />

centers in CDI, through the transversal chamber for labor relations.<br />

“It is a praiseworthy initiative,” says Ana, observing that<br />

some of the main objectives of the tra<strong>de</strong> union movement,<br />

such as reducing working hours, should be inclu<strong>de</strong>d in talks.<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong> Fe<strong>de</strong>ration of Industry’s vice-presi<strong>de</strong>nt Reinaldo<br />

Sampaio points out that one issue to be overcome is the lack<br />

of qualified labor in dynamic sectors. The footwear chamber’s<br />

diagnosis is similar. After surviving a flood of Chinese products<br />

and disadvantageous exchange rates – which reduce the sector’s<br />

export competitiveness – the sector is preparing to take<br />

on yet another challenge: the shortage of qualified labor to<br />

meet market <strong>de</strong>mand for increasingly refined products.


Os <strong>de</strong>saFiOs <strong>da</strong>s micRO e peqUenas<br />

a queStão tributária é um doS fatoreS que maiS peSam<br />

Sobre a competitivi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> doS pequenoS negócioS<br />

tax matters is one of the factors weighing most heavily on the<br />

competitiveness of small businesses<br />

Um dos <strong>de</strong>safios para as micro e<br />

pequenas empresas tem sido<br />

a chama<strong>da</strong> antecipação tributária,<br />

vigente nos setores <strong>de</strong> comércio<br />

e serviços. Na prática, significa que<br />

sobre produtos ain<strong>da</strong> em estoque<br />

inci<strong>de</strong> o Imposto sobre Circulação <strong>de</strong><br />

Mercadorias e Serviços. “Isso é algo<br />

inconstitucional, pois o imposto <strong>de</strong>ve<br />

ser pago apenas quando a mercadoria<br />

for vendi<strong>da</strong>, e não enquanto estiver<br />

sob a guar<strong>da</strong> do empreen<strong>de</strong>dor”,<br />

observa o presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> Fe<strong>de</strong>ração<br />

<strong>da</strong>s Associações <strong>de</strong> Microempresas<br />

e Empresas <strong>de</strong> Pequeno Porte <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>, Moacir Vi<strong>da</strong>l. A instituição faz<br />

joaquim fonSeca<br />

coor<strong>de</strong>nou reunião <strong>da</strong><br />

câmara Sobre comércio<br />

joaquim fonseca coordinated a<br />

chamber meeting on commerce<br />

parte do CDI, pela câmara setorial <strong>da</strong><br />

ca<strong>de</strong>ia <strong>de</strong> comércio e serviços.<br />

Os pequenos e microempreen<strong>de</strong>dores<br />

estão concentrados no comércio<br />

e serviços com a estimativa <strong>de</strong> que<br />

pelo menos 90% <strong>da</strong>s empresas do<br />

setor sejam compostas por este tipo<br />

<strong>de</strong> empreen<strong>de</strong>dor. Para Vi<strong>da</strong>l, a questão<br />

tributária é algo que pesa sobre<br />

a competitivi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> dos negócios <strong>de</strong><br />

menor porte, mas ele consi<strong>de</strong>ra louvável<br />

a iniciativa do governo <strong>de</strong> compor<br />

um fórum no qual questões como<br />

estas possam ser discuti<strong>da</strong>s. “Antes,<br />

víamos que a indústria ou outros setores<br />

extensivos em capital tinham esta<br />

facili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> contato com o governo<br />

e estamos muito felizes, pois agora<br />

o micro e pequeno empreen<strong>de</strong>dor<br />

também têm voz”, <strong>de</strong>staca Vi<strong>da</strong>l.<br />

Outra instituição que dialoga com<br />

os micro e pequenos empreen<strong>de</strong>dores<br />

e compõe a câmara setorial <strong>de</strong><br />

comércio e serviços é o Serviço Brasileiro<br />

<strong>de</strong> Apoio às Micro e Pequenas<br />

Empresas na <strong>Bahia</strong> (Sebrae-BA). Na<br />

avaliação do superinten<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>de</strong><br />

comércio e serviços <strong>da</strong> representação<br />

estadual do órgão, Adriano Figueira,<br />

a perspectiva <strong>de</strong> um fórum<br />

consultivo nos mol<strong>de</strong>s do CDI po<strong>de</strong><br />

inclusive contribuir para que ações<br />

do Sebrae/BA, como o Programa<br />

ChalleNges fOr miCrO<br />

aNd small eNTerprises<br />

One of the challenges micro and<br />

small enterprises have had to<br />

face was the so-called tax advance, in<br />

force for the commerce and services<br />

sector. In practice, it means that the Tax<br />

on Circulation of Goods and Services<br />

is levied on products still in stock. “This<br />

is unconstitutional, because the tax<br />

does not have to be paid until goods<br />

are sold, and not while they are still in<br />

the keeping of a company,” notes Moacir<br />

Vi<strong>da</strong>l, presi<strong>de</strong>nt of Femicro (<strong>Bahia</strong><br />

Fe<strong>de</strong>ration of Associations of Microenterprises<br />

and Small Businesses).<br />

The entity is a part of CDI, through the<br />

sector-specific chamber for the chain<br />

of commerce and services.<br />

Small and micro-entrepreneurs are<br />

concentrated in commerce and services,<br />

with 90% of businesses in the sector<br />

reckoned to consist of this kind of<br />

entrepreneur. In Vi<strong>da</strong>l’s opinion, the tax<br />

issue weighs down the competitiveness<br />

of small businesses, but he praises the<br />

government’s initiative of setting up a<br />

forum where matters of this nature can<br />

be discussed. “We used to see that industry<br />

and other capital extensive sectors<br />

had ready access to government<br />

and were happy about this; well, now<br />

micro and small entrepreneurs also<br />

have a voice,” stresses Vi<strong>da</strong>l.<br />

Sebrae-Ba (Brazilian Support Service<br />

for Micro and Small Business in <strong>Bahia</strong>)<br />

is another entity involved in talks with<br />

micro and small entrepreneurs, which is<br />

also in the sector-specific chamber for<br />

commerce and services. In the opinion<br />

of the commerce and services superinten<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

of the body’s State chapter,<br />

Adriano Figueira, the perspective of<br />

a consulting forum on the lines of CDI<br />

could even contribute to Sebrae-Ba’s<br />

actions, such as the Individual Entrepreneur<br />

Program, gaining capillarity<br />

and benefiting a higher number of en-<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 37


38<br />

IndústrIa Industry<br />

Empreen<strong>de</strong>dor Individual, possam<br />

ganhar capilari<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> e beneficiar um<br />

maior número <strong>de</strong> empreen<strong>de</strong>dores.<br />

As metas do Sebrae/BA para o<br />

programa no Estado são ambiciosas,<br />

tendo em vista que, apenas em<br />

2010, a perspectiva foi formalizar um<br />

volume superior a 70 mil pequenos e<br />

médios empreen<strong>de</strong>dores em todo o<br />

território baiano.<br />

De acordo com informações <strong>da</strong><br />

SICM, a participação dos setores <strong>de</strong><br />

comércio e serviços no CDI se une a<br />

outras iniciativas <strong>de</strong> se criar um ambiente<br />

mais favorável para que as<br />

micro e pequenas empresas possam<br />

fazer negócio, gerando emprego e<br />

ren<strong>da</strong>. Neste sentido, a câmara setorial<br />

<strong>da</strong> indústria e comércio <strong>de</strong>ve<br />

RegiãO cacaUeiRa invesTe em mineRaçãO<br />

Sul america metaiS quer produzir Sete milhõeS <strong>de</strong><br />

tonela<strong>da</strong>S por ano <strong>de</strong> pelotaS <strong>de</strong> ferro<br />

sul america metais intends to produce seven million tons of iron pellets a year<br />

Ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> intensiva em capital<br />

e mão-<strong>de</strong>-obra, a mineração<br />

<strong>de</strong>staca-se como um dos<br />

principais vetores <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento<br />

do Estado e, portanto, possui um<br />

fórum <strong>de</strong> discussões exclusivo constituído<br />

pela câmara setorial <strong>da</strong> mineração.<br />

Para se ter uma i<strong>de</strong>ia <strong>da</strong> força do<br />

setor, a combali<strong>da</strong> região cacaueira<br />

tem respirado otimismo em função<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

dialogar diretamente com o Fórum<br />

Permanente Estadual <strong>da</strong>s Microempresas<br />

e Empresas <strong>de</strong> Pequeno Porte,<br />

instituído pela atual administração.<br />

Moacir Vi<strong>da</strong>l, <strong>da</strong> Femicro, elogia<br />

a Lei <strong>da</strong>s Microempresas, sanciona<strong>da</strong><br />

no ano passado. Inclusive o fórum foi<br />

instituído por conta <strong>de</strong>ste dispositivo,<br />

que visa criar uma política pública<br />

para o setor e beneficiar microempresários<br />

com priori<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> nas ven<strong>da</strong>s<br />

para o governo, facili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> no pagamento<br />

<strong>de</strong> impostos, obtenção <strong>de</strong><br />

créditos, acesso à tecnologia, exportação<br />

e formalização. “Esta iniciativa<br />

seguramente contribuiu para que nós<br />

tivéssemos a nossa competitivi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

reforça<strong>da</strong>, mas ain<strong>da</strong> temos novos<br />

<strong>de</strong>safios”, <strong>de</strong>staca Vi<strong>da</strong>l.<br />

<strong>da</strong> assinatura <strong>de</strong> protocolo <strong>de</strong> intenções<br />

para a instalação <strong>de</strong> um empreendimento<br />

do ramo, com valor <strong>de</strong><br />

investimento <strong>de</strong> R$ 2 bilhões. Trata-se<br />

<strong>da</strong> Sul America Metais, joint venture<br />

do grupo brasileiro Votorantim com<br />

as empresas chinesas Honbridge Holdings<br />

e Xin Wen Mining Group, para<br />

a produção <strong>de</strong> sete milhões <strong>de</strong> tonela<strong>da</strong>s<br />

por ano <strong>de</strong> pelotas <strong>de</strong> ferro.<br />

trepreneurs. Sebrae-Ba’s targets for its<br />

program in the State are ambitious,<br />

taking into account that in 2010 alone<br />

the perspective is for the formalization<br />

of over 70 thousand small and medium<br />

entrepreneurs throughout <strong>Bahia</strong>.<br />

According to information provi<strong>de</strong>d<br />

by SICM, participation of the commerce<br />

and services sectors in CDI has been<br />

joined by other initiatives to create a<br />

more favorable climate for micro and<br />

small enterprises to do business, generating<br />

jobs and income. To this end, the<br />

sector-specific chamber for industry and<br />

commerce should have direct talks with<br />

the State’s Permanent Forum for Micro<br />

and Small Enterprises, put in place by<br />

the current administration.<br />

Femicro’s Moacir Vi<strong>da</strong>l praises the<br />

Microenterprise Law passed last year.<br />

In<strong>de</strong>ed, the Forum was set up based<br />

on this legislation, <strong>de</strong>signed to create<br />

public policy for the sector and benefit<br />

micro-entrepreneurs with priority<br />

for sales to government, facilities<br />

in the payment of taxes, obtaining<br />

credit, access to technology, exports<br />

and formalization. “This initiative has<br />

certainly contributed to bettering our<br />

competitiveness, but there are still<br />

challenges ahead,” emphasizes Vi<strong>da</strong>l.<br />

CaCaO regiON iNVesTs iN miNiNg<br />

Mining is intensive in the use of<br />

capital and labor, and stands out<br />

as one of the State’s main vectors of <strong>de</strong>velopment.<br />

It therefore has a discussion<br />

forum of its own, comprising the mining<br />

sector chamber. To give an i<strong>de</strong>a of the<br />

sector’s strength, optimism has become<br />

rampant in the battered cacao region<br />

since an intention protocol was signed<br />

for the installation of a mining company,<br />

calling for R$ 2 billion investment. The<br />

company involved is Sul America Metais,<br />

a joint venture of Brazil’s Votorantim<br />

group and two Chinese companies,


O diretor técnico <strong>da</strong> Companhia<br />

Baiana <strong>de</strong> Pesquisa Mineral, Rafael<br />

Avena Neto, observa que um empreendimento<br />

do gênero tem potencial<br />

<strong>de</strong> gerar 500 empregos diretos e<br />

outros quatro mil indiretos. “Trata-se<br />

<strong>de</strong> um setor que provoca efeito multiplicador<br />

na economia, com reflexos<br />

na geração <strong>de</strong> emprego e ren<strong>da</strong> em<br />

outros setores produtivos, como consumo<br />

e construção civil”.<br />

A CBPM coor<strong>de</strong>na a câmara setorial<br />

<strong>da</strong> mineração no CDI. Hoje,<br />

são cerca <strong>de</strong> 350 empresas, com forte<br />

presença no semiárido baiano. A<br />

perspectiva <strong>de</strong> trabalho do CDI movimenta<br />

empreen<strong>de</strong>dores na busca<br />

O gaRgalO <strong>da</strong> mãO-<strong>de</strong>-ObRa na cOnsTRUçãO<br />

tendência é levar o creScimento <strong>da</strong> conStrução a poloS<br />

dinâmicoS no interior para gerar novoS negócioS<br />

the trend is to take the growth in construction to dynamic poles in the<br />

hinterland of the state to generate new businesses<br />

A<br />

construção civil, um dos setores<br />

mais dinâmicos <strong>da</strong> economia<br />

baiana e constante<br />

<strong>de</strong>tentor <strong>de</strong> recor<strong>de</strong>s na geração <strong>de</strong><br />

empregos formais, é outro ramo que<br />

se <strong>de</strong>fronta com a questão <strong>da</strong> qualificação<br />

<strong>da</strong> mão-<strong>de</strong>-obra. “Há <strong>de</strong>man<strong>da</strong>,<br />

há crescimento <strong>da</strong> economia e<br />

existem pessoas que po<strong>de</strong>riam encontrar<br />

trabalho, mas não conseguem<br />

por não ter qualificação suficiente”,<br />

<strong>da</strong> eliminação <strong>de</strong> eventuais gargalos<br />

nas ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> extração mineral.<br />

Com este objetivo, o Sindicato <strong>da</strong>s<br />

Indústrias <strong>de</strong> Mármore, Granitos e<br />

Similares <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> encomendou um<br />

amplo estudo a uma consultoria para<br />

diagnosticar as principais fragili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s<br />

<strong>da</strong> ca<strong>de</strong>ia <strong>de</strong> pedras ornamentais e<br />

estratégias para superar eventuais<br />

gargalos. O vice-presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> Fieb<br />

e presi<strong>de</strong>nte do Simagran, Reinaldo<br />

Sampaio, observa que uma <strong>da</strong>s molas<br />

propulsoras para a realização do<br />

trabalho é a oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> diálogo<br />

direto com o Estado, proporciona<strong>da</strong><br />

pelo CDI. A perspectiva é que o estudo<br />

fique pronto até o fim do ano.<br />

avalia o presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> Associação <strong>de</strong><br />

Dirigentes <strong>de</strong> Empresas do Mercado<br />

Imobiliário <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> (A<strong>de</strong>mi/BA), Nilson<br />

Sarti. A instituição é uma <strong>da</strong>s integrantes<br />

do CDI, por meio <strong>da</strong> câmara<br />

setorial <strong>da</strong> ca<strong>de</strong>ia <strong>da</strong> construção civil.<br />

Um possível cenário <strong>de</strong>lineado<br />

pela A<strong>de</strong>mi para que o gargalo <strong>da</strong><br />

mão-<strong>de</strong>-obra seja solucionado é uma<br />

ação conjunta entre o governo e a iniciativa<br />

priva<strong>da</strong>, com vistas a preparar<br />

Honbridge Holdings and Xin Wen Mining<br />

Group, for production of seven million<br />

tons of iron pellets a year.<br />

Rafael Avena Neto, technical director<br />

of the <strong>Bahia</strong> Enterprise for Mineral<br />

Research, remarks that a company of<br />

this kind has the potential to generate<br />

500 direct jobs and a further 4 thousand<br />

indirect ones. “This is a sector with a<br />

multiplying effect on the economy, positively<br />

affecting generation of jobs and<br />

income in other productive sectors, such<br />

as consumption and civil construction.”<br />

CBPM coordinates the mining sector<br />

chamber at CDI. There are currently<br />

about 350 companies, many of them in<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>’s semiarid region. CDI’s growth<br />

prospects keep entrepreneurs busy, trying<br />

to eliminate possible bottlenecks in<br />

mineral extraction. To this end, the <strong>Bahia</strong>’s<br />

Tra<strong>de</strong> Association of Marble, Granite<br />

and Similar Industries commissioned<br />

an exhaustive study by a consulting firm<br />

to diagnose the main weaknesses in the<br />

ornamental stone chain and suggest<br />

strategies to overcome possible bottlenecks.<br />

Fieb vice-presi<strong>de</strong>nt and Simagran<br />

presi<strong>de</strong>nt Reinaldo Sampaio observes<br />

that one of the mainsprings for carrying<br />

forward the work is the opportunity for<br />

direct dialog with the State provi<strong>de</strong>d by<br />

CDI. The study is expected to be ready<br />

by the end of the year.<br />

The CONsTruCTiON<br />

laBOr BOTTleNeCk<br />

Civil construction, one of the most<br />

dynamic sectors in <strong>Bahia</strong>’s economy,<br />

which keeps on breaking records in<br />

connection with generating formal jobs,<br />

is another sector facing the issue of labor<br />

qualifications. “There is <strong>de</strong>mand,<br />

the economy is growing, and there are<br />

people looking for jobs, but they can’t<br />

get one because they lack the necessary<br />

qualifications,” in the assessment<br />

of Nilson Sarti, presi<strong>de</strong>nt of A<strong>de</strong>mi-Ba<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 39


40<br />

IndústrIa Industry<br />

o trabalhador baiano para os <strong>de</strong>safios<br />

<strong>da</strong> construção civil no século XXI. Outra<br />

questão é a interiorização <strong>da</strong>s ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s<br />

– ou seja, levar o crescimento<br />

<strong>da</strong> construção a polos dinâmicos no<br />

interior para gerar novos negócios.<br />

Para alcançar esta meta, seria<br />

necessário que o Estado empreen<strong>de</strong>sse<br />

medi<strong>da</strong>s no sentido <strong>de</strong> atrair<br />

empresas produtoras <strong>de</strong> insumos<br />

para o setor, numa série <strong>de</strong> itens que<br />

compreen<strong>de</strong>m <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> blocos até cimento<br />

e vergalhões para as obras,<br />

<strong>de</strong>talha Nilson Sarti. Ele acrescenta<br />

que a carência <strong>de</strong> uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s produtoras<br />

<strong>de</strong> insumo para a construção civil<br />

em solo baiano é um dos fatores que<br />

contribuem para o aumento dos custos<br />

operacionais do setor, <strong>de</strong>ntre os<br />

quais se <strong>de</strong>staca o transporte. “Nós<br />

<strong>de</strong>veremos levar estas questões ao<br />

CDI, com o objetivo <strong>de</strong> solucionar estes<br />

gargalos”, prossegue o executivo.<br />

A linha <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r a produção local,<br />

com vistas a reduzir custos operacionais,<br />

também é <strong>de</strong>fendi<strong>da</strong> por Carlos Alberto<br />

Vieira Lima, presi<strong>de</strong>nte do Sindicato <strong>da</strong><br />

Indústria <strong>de</strong> Construção Civil <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

(Sinduscon/BA). “Preten<strong>de</strong>mos sugerir<br />

políticas públicas, com vistas a verticalizar<br />

a produção local e tornar a indústria<br />

baiana mais competitiva”, observa Lima.<br />

Neste sentido, um dos principais exemplos<br />

é o cobre, metal extraído no Estado,<br />

porém exportado para posterior<br />

compra como componente a ser usado<br />

nas fiações dos imóveis construídos na<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>. O Sinduscon é outra instituição<br />

representativa do setor produtivo que<br />

faz parte do CDI.<br />

Uma <strong>da</strong>s perspectivas <strong>de</strong>fendi<strong>da</strong>s<br />

por componentes <strong>da</strong> câmara <strong>da</strong> construção<br />

é, inclusive, a concessão <strong>de</strong> incentivos<br />

fiscais para atrair fabricantes<br />

<strong>de</strong> insumos. Apenas para se ter uma<br />

i<strong>de</strong>ia <strong>da</strong> importância do setor para<br />

a economia baiana, <strong>de</strong> janeiro a setembro<br />

<strong>de</strong> 2010, a construção gerou<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

ronald velame coor<strong>de</strong>nou<br />

a câmara Sobre ca<strong>de</strong>ia <strong>da</strong><br />

conStrução civil<br />

ronald velame coordinated the chamber<br />

for the civil construction chain<br />

26.187 empregos formais, sendo o<br />

segundo ramo <strong>de</strong> ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> produtiva<br />

que mais se <strong>de</strong>stacou na geração <strong>de</strong><br />

postos <strong>de</strong> trabalho no período, atrás<br />

apenas do ramo <strong>de</strong> serviços. As informações<br />

constam do Ca<strong>da</strong>stro Geral<br />

<strong>de</strong> Empregados e Desempregados<br />

(Caged), elaborado pelo Ministério<br />

do Trabalho e Emprego (MTE) e analisado<br />

pela Superintendência <strong>de</strong> Estudos<br />

Econômicos e Sociais <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

(SEI), autarquia <strong>da</strong> Secretaria Estadual<br />

do Planejamento (Seplan).<br />

(<strong>Bahia</strong> Association of Directors of Real<br />

Estate Companies). The entity is linked<br />

to CDI through the sector-specific<br />

chamber for the civil construction chain.<br />

A possible scenario outlined by A<strong>de</strong>mi-Ba<br />

for a solution to the labor bottleneck<br />

is joint action by the government<br />

and private initiative to prepare <strong>Bahia</strong>’s<br />

workers for the challenges involved in<br />

the 21st Century’s civil construction. Another<br />

issue is “interiorization” of activities,<br />

i.e. taking the growth in construction<br />

to dynamic poles in <strong>Bahia</strong>’s countrysi<strong>de</strong><br />

to generate new business.<br />

To meet this target, it would be<br />

necessary for the State to adopt measures<br />

to attract companies producing<br />

materials for the sector’s un<strong>de</strong>rtakings,<br />

from cin<strong>de</strong>rblocks to cement<br />

and reinforcing rods, in Nilson Sarti’s<br />

opinion. He adds that the shortage of<br />

units producing materials for civil construction<br />

in <strong>Bahia</strong> is one of the factors<br />

contributing to increases in the sector’s<br />

operational costs. He also emphasizes<br />

the matter of transport. “We<br />

must take these issues to CDI, with<br />

the objective of solving bottlenecks,”<br />

the executive continues.<br />

The i<strong>de</strong>a of <strong>de</strong>fending local production<br />

in or<strong>de</strong>r to curb operational costs<br />

is also advocated by Carlos Alberto<br />

Vieira Lima, presi<strong>de</strong>nt of Sinduscon-<br />

Ba (<strong>Bahia</strong> Civil Construction Industry<br />

Association). “We intend to suggest<br />

public policies <strong>de</strong>signed to make local<br />

production more vertical and make <strong>Bahia</strong>’s<br />

industry more competitive,” Lima<br />

explains. In this sense, one of the main<br />

examples is copper, a metal extracted<br />

in the State and exported, only to be<br />

subsequently purchased as a component<br />

for use in the electric wiring of<br />

buildings put up in <strong>Bahia</strong>. Sinduscon-<br />

Ba is yet another entity representing<br />

the productive sector that is in CDI.<br />

One of the viewpoints <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>d by<br />

components of the construction chamber<br />

involves granting tax incentives to<br />

attract manufacturers of building materials.<br />

Just to give an i<strong>de</strong>a of the sector’s<br />

importance in <strong>Bahia</strong>’s economy, from<br />

January to September 2010 the construction<br />

sector generated 26,187 formal<br />

jobs, second only to the services sector<br />

among productive activities exhibiting<br />

outstanding generation of employment<br />

in the period. Information is available<br />

from Caged (General Register of Employment<br />

and Unemployment), which is<br />

managed by MTE (Ministry of Labor and<br />

Employment) and analyzed by SEI (<strong>Bahia</strong><br />

Superinten<strong>de</strong>nt for Economic and<br />

Social Studies), an autarchy of Seplan’s<br />

(State Secretariat for Planning).


<strong>da</strong>x-Oil: nOva OpORTUni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> negóciOs<br />

o Setor <strong>de</strong> petróleo e gáS é eStratégico para a economia<br />

baiana pelo <strong>de</strong>Staque naS exportaçõeS do eStado<br />

the petroleum and gas sector is strategic for bahia’s economy because<br />

it stands out among the state’s exports<br />

A<br />

uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>da</strong> refinaria Dax-Oil,<br />

no Polo Industrial <strong>de</strong> Camaçari,<br />

<strong>de</strong>sponta como nova<br />

perspectiva <strong>de</strong> negócio para os pequenos<br />

produtores <strong>de</strong> petróleo e gás<br />

na <strong>Bahia</strong>. A uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> consome cerca<br />

<strong>de</strong> dois mil barris por dia, portanto, a<br />

produção terrestre dos insumos, verifica<strong>da</strong><br />

em regiões do território baiano<br />

como o Recôncavo, entra no ra<strong>da</strong>r <strong>da</strong><br />

Dax. “Esta empresa representa uma<br />

ótima oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> negócios<br />

para a produção terrestre local, pois<br />

sua <strong>de</strong>man<strong>da</strong> é relativamente reduzi<strong>da</strong>,<br />

na comparação com gran<strong>de</strong>s<br />

empresas do ramo, como a Petrobras”,<br />

observa Eduardo Rappel, coor<strong>de</strong>nador<br />

do comitê <strong>de</strong> petróleo e<br />

gás <strong>da</strong> Fieb, braço <strong>da</strong> instituição que<br />

participa <strong>da</strong>s discussões do CDI, por<br />

meio <strong>da</strong> câmara setorial <strong>de</strong> petróleo<br />

e petroquímica.<br />

Rappel afirma que uma <strong>da</strong>s perspectivas<br />

<strong>da</strong> câmara é sugerir a atração<br />

<strong>de</strong> empresas do porte <strong>da</strong> Dax-Oil,<br />

para que a produção dos chamados<br />

poços maduros possa ser escoa<strong>da</strong>,<br />

com a consequente geração <strong>de</strong> emprego<br />

e ren<strong>da</strong> no setor. Os campos<br />

maduros são aqueles que <strong>da</strong>tam déca<strong>da</strong>s<br />

<strong>de</strong> exploração e não fornecem<br />

quanti<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s significativas <strong>de</strong> petróleo<br />

e gás para as gran<strong>de</strong>s companhias<br />

a câmara <strong>de</strong> petróleo e<br />

gáS <strong>de</strong>ve Sugerir a captação<br />

<strong>de</strong> empreSaS que poSSam<br />

eScoar a produção doS<br />

chamadoS “poçoS maduroS”<br />

the petroleum and gas chamber<br />

should suggest trying to attract companies<br />

that can handle the production of<br />

so-called mature wells<br />

do ramo, que costumam trabalhar em<br />

escala superlativa. Por exemplo, um<br />

poço maduro po<strong>de</strong> fornecer <strong>de</strong> 10 a<br />

300 barris diários, enquanto os poços<br />

mais produtivos, portanto mais recentes<br />

e geralmente localizados no mar,<br />

têm potencial <strong>de</strong> ofertar uma média<br />

<strong>de</strong> 10 mil barris por dia.<br />

Rappel observa que são necessários<br />

incentivos para que a produção<br />

terrestre <strong>de</strong> petróleo e gás seja viável<br />

e lucrativa. Ele cita o mo<strong>de</strong>lo americano,<br />

no qual uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s similares são<br />

isentas <strong>de</strong> uma série <strong>de</strong> impostos e,<br />

em algumas situações, dispensa<strong>da</strong>s<br />

do pagamento <strong>de</strong> royalties. A questão<br />

ambiental é outro entrave ao<br />

crescimento do setor, porque tanto<br />

as gran<strong>de</strong>s empresas quanto as pequenas<br />

têm que operar obe<strong>de</strong>cendo<br />

aos mesmos critérios para obter<br />

licenças, fator que gera custo para<br />

os empreen<strong>de</strong>dores que extraem os<br />

insumos <strong>da</strong>s combali<strong>da</strong>s uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong>X-Oil: a New BusiNess<br />

OppOrTuNiTy<br />

Dax-Oil’s refinery unit in Camaçari Industrial<br />

Pole is becoming a new business<br />

opportunity for <strong>Bahia</strong>’s small cru<strong>de</strong><br />

oil and gas producers. The unit consumes<br />

about two thousand barrels a <strong>da</strong>y, and the<br />

production of input exhibited by regions<br />

of <strong>Bahia</strong>’s territory such as the Reconcavo<br />

region is therefore in DAX’s sights. “This<br />

company provi<strong>de</strong>s great business opportunities<br />

for local production on land,<br />

because its <strong>de</strong>mand is relatively small in<br />

comparison to large companies in the<br />

sector such as Petrobras,” observes Eduardo<br />

Rappel, coordinator of Fieb’s petroleum<br />

and gas committee, a branch of the<br />

entity that takes part in CDI discussions<br />

through the petroleum and petrochemicals<br />

sector chamber.<br />

Rappel states that one of the chamber’s<br />

i<strong>de</strong>as is to suggest trying to attract<br />

companies of the same size as DAX Oil,<br />

so that production of so-called mature<br />

wells can be used, thus generating jobs<br />

and income for the sector. Mature oilfields<br />

will have un<strong>de</strong>rgone <strong>de</strong>ca<strong>de</strong>s of<br />

extraction, and they no longer produce<br />

quantities of cru<strong>de</strong> oil and gas <strong>de</strong>emed<br />

significant by large companies, used to a<br />

very large scale. For instance, a mature oil<br />

well may produce from 10 to 300 barrels<br />

a <strong>da</strong>y, while more productive wells, which<br />

are therefore more recent and usually located<br />

offshore, have the potential to offer<br />

an average 10 thousand barrels a <strong>da</strong>y.<br />

Rappel observes that incentives<br />

are nee<strong>de</strong>d for land-based production<br />

of petroleum and gas to be feasible<br />

and profitable. He refers to the<br />

American mo<strong>de</strong>l, where similar units<br />

are exempt from a number of taxes<br />

and, in some instances, from paying<br />

royalties. Environmental issues are another<br />

obstacle for the sector’s growth,<br />

because both large and small companies<br />

have to operate in accor<strong>da</strong>nce<br />

with the same criteria for obtaining a<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 41


42<br />

IndústrIa Industry<br />

produção terrestre. Outra fronteira <strong>de</strong><br />

embates para alavancar o crescimento<br />

<strong>da</strong> produção local <strong>de</strong> petróleo e<br />

gás é a busca <strong>de</strong> financiamentos para<br />

pequenos e microprodutores, por<br />

meio <strong>de</strong> empréstimos contraídos a<br />

partir <strong>de</strong> instituições públicas, como o<br />

Banco do Nor<strong>de</strong>ste (BNB) e o Banco<br />

Nacional <strong>de</strong> Desenvolvimento Econômico<br />

e Social (BNDES).<br />

Rappel consi<strong>de</strong>ra que a câmara<br />

<strong>de</strong>verá se tornar um fórum especializado<br />

no <strong>de</strong>bate sobre a produção <strong>de</strong><br />

petróleo e gás. O cenário <strong>de</strong>lineado<br />

para a sugestão <strong>de</strong> políticas públicas<br />

para o setor é <strong>de</strong> diálogo constante<br />

entre a câmara, o Conselho <strong>de</strong> Desenvolvimento<br />

Econômico e Social<br />

(Co<strong>de</strong>s), iniciativa do governo baiano,<br />

e o Comitê <strong>de</strong> Infraestrutura <strong>da</strong><br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

Fies, prossegue o executivo. “O i<strong>de</strong>al<br />

é que haja uma constante interação<br />

entre estes órgãos, com vistas a colaborarmos<br />

para a sugestão <strong>de</strong> políticas<br />

públicas que possam alavancar<br />

o <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento <strong>da</strong>s ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s do<br />

setor”, completa Rappel.<br />

O setor <strong>de</strong> petróleo e gás é estratégico<br />

para a economia baiana pelo <strong>de</strong>staque<br />

nas exportações do Estado. De<br />

acordo com informações do comitê <strong>de</strong><br />

comércio exterior <strong>da</strong> SEI, no acumulado<br />

<strong>de</strong> janeiro a setembro <strong>de</strong> 2010, as<br />

ven<strong>da</strong>s externas <strong>de</strong> insumos do setor<br />

tiveram alta <strong>de</strong> 58%, em relação ao<br />

igual período <strong>de</strong> 2009. O <strong>de</strong>sempenho<br />

foi fun<strong>da</strong>mental para que a <strong>Bahia</strong> conseguisse<br />

o superávit <strong>de</strong> US$ 1,7 bilhão<br />

na balança comercial, no acumulado<br />

dos primeiros sete meses <strong>de</strong> 2010.<br />

em bUsca <strong>de</strong> Uma nOva mOnTadORa<br />

com o SuceSSo <strong>da</strong> ford, a atração <strong>de</strong> empreSaS do Setor<br />

tornará o mercado interno maiS competitivo<br />

with ford’s success, the attraction for companies in the sector will<br />

make the internal market more competitive<br />

Uma <strong>da</strong>s propostas <strong>de</strong>fendi<strong>da</strong>s<br />

pela câmara setorial <strong>da</strong><br />

ca<strong>de</strong>ia automotiva <strong>de</strong>ve ser<br />

a reivindicação em torno <strong>de</strong> medi<strong>da</strong>s<br />

que proporcionem a atração <strong>de</strong> pelo<br />

menos uma nova montadora para a<br />

matriz industrial baiana. A afirmação<br />

é <strong>de</strong> João Ricardo <strong>de</strong> Aquino, com-<br />

ponente <strong>da</strong> câmara setorial <strong>da</strong> ca<strong>de</strong>ia<br />

automotiva e <strong>da</strong> representação local<br />

do Sindicato Nacional <strong>da</strong> Indústria <strong>de</strong><br />

Componentes para Veículos (Sindipeças).<br />

Ele afirma que, com a atração <strong>de</strong><br />

novas montadoras, o mercado local<br />

po<strong>de</strong>rá se tornar mais competitivo.<br />

“Vemos como necessárias as iniciati-<br />

license, a factor generating cost for<br />

companies extracting input from battered<br />

old production units on land.<br />

Other area of clashes in leveraging<br />

growth of local production of cru<strong>de</strong><br />

oil and gas is the quest for funding by<br />

small and micro-producers, through<br />

loans granted by public entities such<br />

as Banco do Nor<strong>de</strong>ste (BNB) and the<br />

National Bank for Economic and Social<br />

Development (BNDES).<br />

Rappel consi<strong>de</strong>rs that the chamber<br />

should become a forum specializing<br />

in <strong>de</strong>bate on petroleum and gas<br />

production. The scenario outlined for<br />

suggestions regarding public policy<br />

for the sector involves ongoing dialog<br />

between the chamber, CODES<br />

(Council for Economic and Social<br />

Development), an initiative of <strong>Bahia</strong>’s<br />

State Government and Fies’ Infrastructure<br />

Committee, adds the executive.<br />

“I<strong>de</strong>ally, there would be ongoing<br />

interaction between these bodies, in<br />

or<strong>de</strong>r to collaborate over suggestions<br />

for public policies to leverage <strong>de</strong>velopment<br />

of the sector’s activities,”<br />

Rappel conclu<strong>de</strong>s.<br />

The cru<strong>de</strong> oil and gas sector is strategic<br />

for <strong>Bahia</strong>’s economy because it<br />

stands out among the State’s exports.<br />

According to information provi<strong>de</strong>d by<br />

SEI’s foreign tra<strong>de</strong> committee, accumulated<br />

sales abroad of input for the<br />

sector from January to September<br />

2010 saw a 58% increase as compared<br />

to the same period of 2009. This performance<br />

was key for <strong>Bahia</strong> to attain a<br />

surplus of US$ 1.7 billion in its balance<br />

of tra<strong>de</strong> accumulated over the first<br />

seven months of 2010.<br />

in search of a new moTor<br />

vehicle assembly planT<br />

The sector chamber for the motor<br />

vehicle chain must call for<br />

measures to attract at least one new


vas que tenham como alvo o fortalecimento<br />

do mercado local”, aponta<br />

João Aquino.<br />

Quase uma déca<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong>pois <strong>da</strong> sua<br />

chega<strong>da</strong> a Camaçari, a Ford anunciou<br />

que injetaria R$ 2,8 bilhões no período<br />

2011/2015, com a perspectiva <strong>de</strong> gerar<br />

cerca <strong>de</strong> mil novos empregos. A meta<br />

<strong>da</strong> companhia é atingir a produção<br />

<strong>de</strong> 300 mil veículos por ano, contra os<br />

atuais 250 mil. O plano <strong>de</strong> negócios<br />

<strong>da</strong> montadora prevê um total <strong>de</strong> R$<br />

4,5 bilhões em investimentos no Brasil<br />

até 2015, com a maior parte dos recursos<br />

<strong>de</strong>stinados à <strong>Bahia</strong>, tendo em<br />

vista que, no Estado, é <strong>de</strong>senvolvido<br />

o projeto global do novo EcoSport –<br />

utilitário esportivo que sairá <strong>da</strong> linha<br />

<strong>de</strong> produção baiana para aten<strong>de</strong>r ao<br />

mercado interno, além <strong>de</strong> ser exportado<br />

para países <strong>da</strong> América do Sul.<br />

Apesar <strong>da</strong> agen<strong>da</strong> lota<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong> novos<br />

investimentos, com perspectivas<br />

animadoras para a balança comercial<br />

do Estado, a Ford e suas fornecedoras<br />

têm uma questão a resolver. De<br />

acordo com fontes liga<strong>da</strong>s ao setor, a<br />

empresa estaria implementando uma<br />

4 INICIALMENtE, FOI CRIAdO EM 1961 E tEVE<br />

IMPORtANtE PAPEL PARA A CONSOLIdAçãO<br />

E CRESCIMENtO dA ECONOMIA BAIANA. Foi<br />

responsável por programas <strong>de</strong> fomento que<br />

proporcionaram incentivos fiscais responsáveis<br />

por diversos investimentos para o Estado, a<br />

exemplo do Polo Industrial <strong>de</strong> Camaçari e do<br />

Centro Industrial <strong>de</strong> Aratu.<br />

Initially established in 1961, it played an important<br />

role in the consoli<strong>da</strong>tion and growth of <strong>Bahia</strong>’s<br />

economy. It was responsible for promotion programs<br />

providing tax incentives that led to different<br />

investments in the State. Examples are Camaçari<br />

Industrial Pole and Aratu Industrial Center.<br />

4 COM A CRIAçãO EM 1991, dO PROGRAMA<br />

dE PROMOçãO dE dESENVOLVIMENtO<br />

dA BAhIA (PROBAhIA), mais específico e<br />

abrangente, o CDI ficou paralisado. No dia 9 <strong>de</strong><br />

abril <strong>de</strong>ste ano, o novo regimento foi aprovado,<br />

por meio do Decreto nº. 12.046/2010.<br />

When the more specific and comprehensive Pro<strong>Bahia</strong><br />

program (Program for Promoting the Development of<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>) was put in place in 1991, CDI was paralyzed.<br />

câmara <strong>da</strong> ca<strong>de</strong>ia automotiva é<br />

coor<strong>de</strong>na<strong>da</strong> por leone peter<br />

the chamber for the motor vehicle chain is<br />

coordinated by leone peter<br />

estratégia <strong>de</strong> centrar as ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong><br />

montagem <strong>de</strong> uma série <strong>de</strong> componentes,<br />

algo que po<strong>de</strong>ria inviabilizar<br />

a produção <strong>de</strong> uma <strong>da</strong>s sistemistas,<br />

hoje instala<strong>da</strong>s no Complexo Ford,<br />

em Camaçari. De acordo com Aquino,<br />

uma solução para o impasse po<strong>de</strong>ria<br />

ser o fornecimento <strong>de</strong> incentivos, por<br />

parte do governo, para que as empresas<br />

do ramo possam fornecer peças e<br />

partes <strong>de</strong> automóveis para montadoras<br />

localiza<strong>da</strong>s em outros estados.<br />

enTen<strong>da</strong> a esTRUTURa dO cdi Un<strong>de</strong>RsTanding cdi’s sTRUcTURe<br />

On April 9, 2010, new regulations were approved by<br />

means of Decree no. 12046/2010.<br />

4 O CONSELhO tEM COMPEtêNCIA<br />

PARA OPINAR SOBRE A FORMuLAçãO E<br />

IMPLEMENtAçãO dAS POLítICAS PúBLICAS<br />

relaciona<strong>da</strong>s às ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s industriais e<br />

comerciais, submeti<strong>da</strong>s ao governo, além<br />

<strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>finir diretrizes para o setor e avaliar o<br />

resultado <strong>da</strong>s ações implementa<strong>da</strong>s.<br />

The Council is <strong>de</strong>emed competent to give opinions<br />

about the formulation and implementation of public<br />

policy related to industrial and commercial activities<br />

submitted to the government, as well as establishing<br />

gui<strong>de</strong>lines for the sector and evaluating the results of<br />

action put in place.<br />

4 O CdI é FORMAdO POR 32 MEMBROS dE 16<br />

ENtIdAdES e operado por câmaras setoriais<br />

e transversais, que atuam como fóruns<br />

organizacionais e permanentes.<br />

CDI comprises 32 members from 16 entities and<br />

operates through Sector and Transversal Chambers<br />

acting as permanent organizational forums.<br />

assembly plant for <strong>Bahia</strong>’s industrial<br />

matrix. This statement was ma<strong>de</strong> by<br />

João Ricardo <strong>de</strong> Aquino, a member<br />

of the automobile sector chamber<br />

and a local representative of Sindipeças<br />

(National Association for the<br />

Industry of Auto Parts). He assures<br />

us that by attracting new assembly<br />

plants, the local market will become<br />

more competitive. “We consi<strong>de</strong>r initiatives<br />

<strong>de</strong>signed to strengthen the<br />

local market absolutely necessary,”<br />

states João Aquino.<br />

Nearly a <strong>de</strong>ca<strong>de</strong> after its arrival in<br />

Camaçari, Ford announced an injection<br />

of R$ 2.8 billion in the 2011/2015<br />

period, with the perspective of generating<br />

almost one thousand new<br />

jobs. The company’s target is to produce<br />

300 thousand vehicles a year,<br />

as opposed to the current 250 thousand.<br />

The assembly plant’s business<br />

plan calls for a total R$ 4.5 billion investment<br />

in Brazil by 2015, with most<br />

of these funds earmarked for <strong>Bahia</strong>,<br />

because the State is the location of<br />

the global project for the new Eco-<br />

Sport sports utility vehicle to come<br />

off assembly lines in <strong>Bahia</strong> for the<br />

domestic market and South American<br />

countries.<br />

Although their agen<strong>da</strong> is packed<br />

with new investments with encouraging<br />

prospects for the State’s balance<br />

of tra<strong>de</strong>, Ford and its suppliers<br />

do have an issue to settle. According<br />

to sources linked to the sector, the<br />

company is working on a strategy to<br />

centralize assembly of a number of<br />

components, which may <strong>de</strong>rail production<br />

of one of the system suppliers<br />

currently set up in the Ford<br />

Complex in Camaçari. Aquino consi<strong>de</strong>rs<br />

that one solution would be<br />

for the government to offer companies<br />

in the sector incentives to supply<br />

parts to motor vehicle assembly<br />

plants in other states.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 43


Infraestrutura Infrastructure


eStado vira canteiro <strong>de</strong> obraS, com perSpectiva <strong>de</strong><br />

creScimento Superior a 20% do Setor <strong>da</strong> conStrução civil<br />

the state becomes a construction site, with prospects for growth<br />

in excess of 20% in the civil construction sector<br />

Avaliar o potencial <strong>de</strong> crescimento <strong>de</strong> um país por<br />

um canteiro <strong>de</strong> obras nunca foi tão próprio. Até<br />

porque, enquanto os empreendimentos se suce<strong>de</strong>m<br />

a todo vapor, os trabalhadores estão empregados,<br />

a indústria produzindo, o comércio ven<strong>de</strong>ndo e<br />

o PIB crescendo. Na <strong>Bahia</strong>, o incremento do ramo <strong>da</strong> construção<br />

civil tem relação direta com o aumento do po<strong>de</strong>r<br />

aquisitivo <strong>da</strong> população. Em 2009, o PIB do setor registrou<br />

alta <strong>de</strong> 8,1% – resultado quase cinco vezes maior que a média<br />

do crescimento estadual <strong>de</strong> 1,7% – e criou 22,6 mil novos<br />

empregos, fi cando com o segundo melhor resultado<br />

do Estado. Em 2010, a perspectiva <strong>de</strong> crescimento foi superior<br />

a 20%, com a geração <strong>de</strong> 50 mil postos <strong>de</strong> trabalho.<br />

pOR/By pALOMA jACOBINA<br />

building The new bahia<br />

Evaluating a country’s potential for growth by means<br />

of a building site has never been so suitable. Even<br />

because, while un<strong>de</strong>rtakings proceed at full throttle, the<br />

workers are employed, industry is producing, commerce<br />

is selling and GDP is growing. Growth in <strong>Bahia</strong>’s civil construction<br />

sector is in direct proportion to the increase in<br />

the population’s purchasing power. In 2009, the sector’s<br />

GDP showed an 8.1% increase – nearly fi ve times greater<br />

than 1.7% average growth for the State – creating 22.6<br />

thousand new jobs, the second best result in the State.<br />

Prospects for growth where in 2010 are in excess of 20%,<br />

generating 50 thousand new job posts.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 45


46<br />

Infraestrutura Infrastructure<br />

É fato que o aquecimento <strong>da</strong> construção civil na <strong>Bahia</strong>,<br />

assim como em todo o País, é reflexo <strong>da</strong> estabili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> econômica<br />

e <strong>da</strong> maior distribuição <strong>de</strong> ren<strong>da</strong>, que está permitindo<br />

à classe C realizar o sonho <strong>da</strong> casa própria. Associado<br />

a isso, os trabalhadores se viram diante <strong>da</strong> ampliação <strong>da</strong><br />

oferta <strong>de</strong> crédito e do prazo <strong>de</strong> financiamento, com redução<br />

<strong>de</strong> juros. Um oásis <strong>de</strong> vantagens que está levando<br />

baianos com ren<strong>da</strong> entre 3 e 6 salários mínimos a potencializarem<br />

ain<strong>da</strong> mais o surgimento <strong>de</strong> novos lançamentos.<br />

Em 2010, a estimativa <strong>de</strong> crescimento do setor foi superior<br />

a 20%, sendo que as habitações populares <strong>de</strong>vem respon<strong>de</strong>r<br />

por 70% dos lançamentos, segundo informações do<br />

Sindicato <strong>da</strong> Indústria <strong>da</strong> Construção do Estado <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

(Sinduscon-BA). Para se ter uma i<strong>de</strong>ia, mesmo em meio à<br />

crise econômica mundial <strong>de</strong> 2009, o setor foi um dos que<br />

mais cresceram no Estado, fechando o período com 12 mil<br />

novas uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s lança<strong>da</strong>s e 13 mil vendi<strong>da</strong>s. O resultado só<br />

não foi melhor que o registrado em 2008, quando 17 mil lançamentos<br />

inun<strong>da</strong>ram o mercado baiano, que contabilizou<br />

mais <strong>de</strong> 14 mil uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s vendi<strong>da</strong>s até o mês <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>zembro.<br />

Em 2010, a expectativa era lançar e ven<strong>de</strong>r 15 mil novas<br />

uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s habitacionais na <strong>Bahia</strong>. O presi<strong>de</strong>nte do Sinduscon-BA,<br />

Carlos Alberto Vieira Lima, afirma que o aquecimento<br />

<strong>da</strong> construção <strong>de</strong> uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s habitacionais volta<strong>da</strong>s à<br />

população <strong>de</strong> baixa ren<strong>da</strong> era uma <strong>de</strong>man<strong>da</strong> latente que<br />

precisava apenas do apoio governamental para se consoli<strong>da</strong>r.<br />

“Não tinha como ser diferente, porque é nessa faixa<br />

que temos o déficit. Associado a isso, tivemos o lançamento<br />

do PAC, que engloba uma série <strong>de</strong> outras obras <strong>da</strong><br />

construção pesa<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong> infraestrutura e que consolidou esse<br />

crescimento. O mais interessante é que esse é um momento<br />

<strong>de</strong> franca ascensão e que tem tudo para durar muito<br />

tempo”, pontua Vieira Lima.<br />

FeIrão <strong>da</strong> casa próprIa<br />

Um exemplo emblemático <strong>de</strong>sse quadro é o Feirão <strong>da</strong><br />

Casa Própria, realizado em maio pela Caixa Econômica Fe<strong>de</strong>ral<br />

em Salvador e em outras sete ci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s brasileiras, que<br />

trabalhou com financiamentos <strong>de</strong> até R$130 mil. Em 2010,<br />

o feirão registrou, na <strong>Bahia</strong>, um incremento <strong>de</strong> 130% em<br />

relação ao volume <strong>de</strong> negócios do ano passado e 60% <strong>de</strong><br />

aumento do número <strong>de</strong> uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s vendi<strong>da</strong>s. Foram movimentados<br />

R$ 772,9 milhões em três dias <strong>de</strong> negociações,<br />

com 4.637 imóveis comprados.<br />

Segundo o Sistema Brasileiro <strong>de</strong> Poupança e Empréstimo<br />

(SBPE), o valor total <strong>de</strong> financiamentos imobiliários<br />

(construção e aquisição) foi <strong>de</strong> R$1,6 bilhão em 2009. No<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

“a bola <strong>da</strong> vez eStá naS uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>S<br />

habitacionaiS <strong>de</strong> até r$ 100 mil”<br />

nilson sarti presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> a<strong>de</strong>mi-ba<br />

“noW the beSt-Selling houSing unitS are<br />

thoSe Worth up to r$ 100 thouSand”<br />

nilson sarti presi<strong>de</strong>nt, a<strong>de</strong>mi-ba<br />

The fact is that booming civil construction in <strong>Bahia</strong>, as in the<br />

entire country, is the result of economic stability and improved<br />

distribution of wealth, allowing members of Class C to make<br />

true their dreams of a home of their own. Associated with this<br />

moment in the economy, workers discovered expanding credit<br />

offer and time terms, at lower interest rates: an oasis of benefits<br />

encouraging the people of <strong>Bahia</strong> with incomes of 3 to 6 minimum<br />

salaries to further potentiate the arrival of new launches.<br />

Sector growth for 2010 was estimated at up to 20%, with<br />

popular housing accounting for 70% of new construction starts,<br />

according to information provi<strong>de</strong>d by Sinduscon-BA (Construction<br />

Tra<strong>de</strong> Association of the State of <strong>Bahia</strong>). To get an i<strong>de</strong>a, even<br />

in the midst of the 2009 world economic crisis, the sector was one<br />

of those showing the most growth in the State, arriving at the<br />

end of the period with 12 thousand new units launched and 13<br />

thousand sold. This result was second only to that for 2008, when<br />

17 thousand new launches floo<strong>de</strong>d <strong>Bahia</strong>’s market, of which over<br />

14 thousand had been sold by the month of December.<br />

Estimates for 2010 stood at 15 thousand new housing units<br />

launched and sold in <strong>Bahia</strong>. Sinduscon-BA presi<strong>de</strong>nt Carlos Alberto<br />

Vieira Lima states that the boom in construction of housing<br />

units <strong>de</strong>signed for low-income population was actually latent<br />

<strong>de</strong>mand requiring only governmental support to consoli<strong>da</strong>te.<br />

“It couldn’t have been otherwise, because this is a bracket<br />

with a <strong>de</strong>ficit. Besi<strong>de</strong>s, we had the launch of PAC, which<br />

inclu<strong>de</strong>s a number of heavy construction un<strong>de</strong>rtakings involving<br />

infrastructure consoli<strong>da</strong>ting this growth. What’s most<br />

interesting is that this is a time of undisguised growth and<br />

there is good reason for it to last a long time, given that


primeiro bimestre <strong>de</strong> 2010, já foram gastos R$ 228,5 milhões,<br />

sendo a <strong>Bahia</strong> o Estado que registrou maior participação<br />

nos fi nanciamentos do Nor<strong>de</strong>ste no ano passado,<br />

com 43% do total. Em relação ao resto do País, a <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

respon<strong>de</strong>u por 4,7%, fi cando em sétimo lugar.<br />

Os números <strong>de</strong>monstram a consoli<strong>da</strong>ção <strong>da</strong> economia<br />

brasileira, atesta o presi<strong>de</strong>nte do Sinduscon-BA, “se levarmos<br />

em conta que a crise afetou o primeiro semestre do<br />

ano passado e que, mesmo assim, po<strong>de</strong>mos observar que<br />

houve uma rápi<strong>da</strong> recuperação do setor”. Em 2008, a <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

já havia experimentado um típico boom imobiliário com<br />

mais <strong>de</strong> 14 mil novos lançamentos e cerca <strong>de</strong> 13 mil imóveis<br />

vendidos. “A perspectiva é que possamos fechar 2010<br />

com um novo recor<strong>de</strong> no <strong>de</strong>sempenho”, afi rma.<br />

Dono <strong>da</strong> Paraguaçu Engenharia, o empresário Elísio<br />

Moitinho dos Santos revela números que retratam o bom<br />

momento <strong>da</strong> construção civil baiana: “Temos mais <strong>de</strong> 200<br />

uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> dois e três quartos para serem entregues no<br />

primeiro quadrimestre. Vamos fechar 2010 com 1.500 uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s,<br />

e a maior parte é <strong>de</strong>stina<strong>da</strong> à classe C”. Já empresas<br />

maiores, como a Andra<strong>de</strong> Mendonça, trabalharam com<br />

a expectativa <strong>de</strong> encerrar 2010 com <strong>de</strong>z mil uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s construí<strong>da</strong>s,<br />

mais <strong>de</strong> 80% <strong>de</strong>las com preço <strong>de</strong> até R$ 250 mil.<br />

civil cOnsTRUcTiOn in FigURes<br />

housing <strong>de</strong>fi cits for this part of the population at the base<br />

of the pyramid are still substantial,” points out Vieira Lima.<br />

‘feirÃO <strong>da</strong> Casa prÓpria’<br />

A representative example of this scenario is ‘Feirão <strong>da</strong><br />

Casa Própria’, a housing fair organized in May by Caixa<br />

Econômica Fe<strong>de</strong>ral in Salvador, <strong>Bahia</strong> State’s capital, and<br />

another seven Brazilian cities, with fi nancing for up to R$<br />

130 thousand. In 2010, the fair posted 130% growth in <strong>Bahia</strong>,<br />

as compared to the volume of business done last year,<br />

and a 60% increase in the number of housing units sold.<br />

A three-<strong>da</strong>y negotiating period saw a turnover of R$ 772.9<br />

million, with 4,637 dwellings purchased.<br />

Other sector <strong>da</strong>ta show that growth continues. According<br />

to SBPE (Brazilian System of Savings and Loans), total real estate<br />

fi nancing (construction and purchases) amounted to R$ 1.6<br />

billion in 2009. In the fi rst two months of 2010, R$ 228.5 million<br />

had already been spent, with <strong>Bahia</strong> as the state showing the<br />

greatest participation in funding in the Northeast Region last<br />

year, accounting for 43% of the total. As compared to the rest<br />

of the country, <strong>Bahia</strong> accounted for 4.7%, taking seventh place.<br />

The fi gures <strong>de</strong>monstrate the consoli<strong>da</strong>tion of the Brazilian<br />

economy, states the presi<strong>de</strong>nt of Sinduscon-BA, “if we<br />

cIvIl constructIon In FIgures<br />

Em 2009, o pib <strong>da</strong> construÇão cresceu 8,1%, resultado quase cinco vezes maior que a média<br />

do crescimento estadual <strong>de</strong> 1,7%.<br />

In 2009, GDp for construction grew 8.1%, a result almost five times greater than the average State growth of 1.7%.<br />

O setor gerou 22,6 mil novos empregos em 2009, o segundo melhor resultado do Estado.<br />

The sector generated 22.6 thousand new jobs in 2009, the second-best result in the State.<br />

Em 2010, a construÇão civil gerou 50 mil postos <strong>de</strong> trabalho na <strong>Bahia</strong>.<br />

In 2010, civil construction generated 50 thousand work positions in <strong>Bahia</strong>.<br />

Do total <strong>de</strong> r$ 1,59 trilhão <strong>de</strong> investimentos previstos pelo PAC 2, r$ 958,9 bilhões serão<br />

gastos entre 2011 e 2014; ; os R$ 631,6 bilhões restantes vão ser empregados nos anos<br />

seguintes. A <strong>Bahia</strong> foi um dos estados mais beneficiados com investimentos do governo fe<strong>de</strong>ral<br />

nesta segun<strong>da</strong> etapa do PAC.<br />

Of the total R$ 1.59 trillion investment called for by pAC 2, R$ 958.9 billion will be spent between 2011 and 2014; the<br />

remaining R$ 631.6 billion are to be spent in subsequent years. <strong>Bahia</strong> was one of the states benefiting most from fe<strong>de</strong>ral<br />

government investment in this second stage of pAC.<br />

Até a implementação do plano <strong>de</strong> acesso ao crédito crédito, , criado pelo governo fe<strong>de</strong>ral em 2008, os<br />

financiamentos tinham taxas <strong>de</strong> juros que chegavam a 17%, com prazos máximos <strong>de</strong> 15 anos.<br />

Atualmente, as taxas variam entre 6% e 8%, sem saldo <strong>de</strong>vedor, chegando ao prazo máximo <strong>de</strong> 30<br />

anos para a quitação do imóvel.<br />

Until implementation of the Credit Access plan, put in place by the fe<strong>de</strong>ral government in 2008, interest rates for financing were<br />

as high as 17%, with maximum time terms of 15 years. Currently, rates range from 6% to 8%, with no outstanding balance, with<br />

maximum time terms of up to 30 years for repayment.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 47


48<br />

Infraestrutura Infrastructure<br />

Números que resultam no melhor período do lançamento<br />

<strong>de</strong> habitações do Estado.<br />

oBras púBlIcas em alta<br />

Associado às aquisições <strong>de</strong> imóveis pelas famílias com<br />

ren<strong>da</strong> mensal entre R$ 1.115 e R$ 4.807, a construção civil<br />

baiana está sendo alavanca<strong>da</strong> por outro setor: o <strong>de</strong> obras<br />

públicas. Os investimentos dos governos fe<strong>de</strong>ral e estadual<br />

em uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s habitacionais também são pesados. Por meio<br />

<strong>de</strong> programas próprios para trabalhadores na faixa entre 0 e<br />

3 salários mínimos – em que se concentra a maior parte do<br />

déficit habitacional do País, estimado na <strong>Bahia</strong>, pela Fun<strong>da</strong>ção<br />

João Pinheiro, em aproxima<strong>da</strong>mente 511 mil uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s<br />

–, <strong>de</strong>vem ser lança<strong>da</strong>s mais <strong>de</strong> 20 mil uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s no Estado.<br />

No âmbito estadual, o acesso <strong>de</strong>ssa população à casa<br />

própria chega por meio do Programa Casa <strong>da</strong> Gente, lançado<br />

em 2007 como Dias Melhores e que <strong>de</strong>senha um<br />

novo horizonte para a política baiana <strong>de</strong> habitação. Dados<br />

<strong>da</strong> implementação do Sistema Estadual <strong>de</strong> Habitação <strong>de</strong><br />

Interesse Social mostram que 18 mil novas moradias já ficaram<br />

prontas e outras 21.972 estão em an<strong>da</strong>mento só no<br />

programa estadual, um aumento <strong>de</strong> 8,3% no acesso a moradias<br />

nas zonas urbana e rural, entre 2006 e 2008.<br />

Já os investimentos fe<strong>de</strong>rais no Estado para este público<br />

ocorrem por meio do Programa <strong>de</strong> Aceleração do Crescimento<br />

(PAC). A <strong>Bahia</strong> foi tão eficiente no PAC 1 que, em<br />

2009, foi o primeiro Estado a atingir a meta. O programa,<br />

que, <strong>de</strong>ntre outras iniciativas, prevê a aplicação <strong>de</strong> recursos<br />

© alberto coutinho/agecom<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

take into account that the crisis affected the first half of last<br />

year and that, even so, rapid sector recovery is to be observed.”<br />

In 2008, <strong>Bahia</strong> had already experienced a typical<br />

real estate boom with over 14 thousand new launches and<br />

nearly 13 thousand homes sold. “The prospects are that<br />

we’ll end 2010 with a new performance record,” he explains.<br />

Entrepreneur Elísio Moitinho dos Santos, the owner<br />

of Paraguaçu Engenharia, provi<strong>de</strong>s figures showing good<br />

times for civil construction in <strong>Bahia</strong>. “We have over 200 two<br />

and three-bedroom units for <strong>de</strong>livery in the first quarter.<br />

We’re going to end 2010 with 1,500 units, mostly for Class<br />

C”. Larger enterprises, such as Andra<strong>de</strong> Mendonça, expected<br />

to end 2010 with ten thousand units built, over 80%<br />

priced below R$ 250 thousand. These figures are the result<br />

of <strong>Bahia</strong> State’s best period for dwelling launches.<br />

puBliC wOrks ON The rise<br />

Associated with real estate purchases ma<strong>de</strong> by families<br />

with monthly incomes ranging from R$ 1,115 to R$ 4,807,<br />

civil construction in <strong>Bahia</strong> is being leveraged by another<br />

sector: public works. Fe<strong>de</strong>ral and state government investment<br />

in housing units is also substantial. Through programs<br />

for workers in the 0-3 minimum salary bracket – where most<br />

of the housing <strong>de</strong>ficit in the country is concentrated, estimated<br />

in <strong>Bahia</strong> by Fun<strong>da</strong>ção João Pinheiro at approximately<br />

115 thousand units – over 20 thousand are to be<br />

launched in the State.<br />

At the state level, this population’s access to their own<br />

homes is through ‘Casa <strong>da</strong> Gente’ program, set up in 2007


nos setores <strong>de</strong> logística, social e urbano, totalizou 115 novas<br />

uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s até o fim <strong>de</strong> 2009, com 2.075 em execução.<br />

Já o PAC 2, lançado pelo governo fe<strong>de</strong>ral em março passado,<br />

tem 18 projetos para a capital baiana e para a região<br />

metropolitana, totalizando investimentos <strong>de</strong> R$ 431 milhões.<br />

Deste montante, a habitação é um <strong>de</strong>staque, com R$ 182<br />

milhões previstos, sendo R$ 80 milhões só para Salvador.<br />

“Com relação a outros países, como Chile, Argentina e<br />

México, o Brasil ain<strong>da</strong> está abaixo do indicador <strong>de</strong> crédito versus<br />

PIB. Então, há uma necessi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> efetiva <strong>de</strong> que isso melhore<br />

ain<strong>da</strong> mais, apesar dos avanços. O que nós acreditamos<br />

que vai acontecer com a estabili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> econômica, que permitirá<br />

que o mercado possa apostar em prazos mais prolongados,<br />

<strong>de</strong> cerca <strong>de</strong> 30 anos”, avalia Carlos Alberto Vieira Lima.<br />

“Até 2008, o mercado <strong>de</strong> luxo era o mais forte na <strong>Bahia</strong>,<br />

li<strong>de</strong>rado pela construção <strong>de</strong> uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s acima <strong>de</strong> R$ 250 mil.<br />

Mas a bola <strong>da</strong> vez está nas uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s habitacionais <strong>de</strong> até<br />

R$ 100 mil, e as construtoras sabem disso. Uma mu<strong>da</strong>nça<br />

que exigiu a<strong>da</strong>ptação do setor, mas que também <strong>de</strong>monstrou<br />

to<strong>da</strong> a capaci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> dos construtores baianos”, explica<br />

o presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> A<strong>de</strong>mi, Nilson Sarti.<br />

cOnsTRUçãO pesa<strong>da</strong> é OUTRO <strong>de</strong>sTaqUe<br />

A<br />

implantação <strong>de</strong> uma série <strong>de</strong> projetos<br />

<strong>de</strong> saneamento, pavimentação <strong>de</strong><br />

ruas e construção <strong>de</strong> estra<strong>da</strong>s também<br />

está alavancando o setor <strong>de</strong> obras do<br />

Estado. Para se ter uma i<strong>de</strong>ia do crescimento<br />

do volume <strong>de</strong> construções, <strong>da</strong>dos do Sindicato<br />

Nacional <strong>da</strong> Indústria do Cimento (Snic)<br />

apontam a <strong>Bahia</strong> como o maior consumidor<br />

do produto no Nor<strong>de</strong>ste. Em todo o País, o<br />

setor totaliza um incremento <strong>de</strong> 4,9% entre<br />

março <strong>de</strong> 2009 e abril <strong>de</strong> 2010, em comparação<br />

com o mesmo período do ano anterior.<br />

No mesmo intervalo, o Estado contabilizou<br />

um crescimento <strong>de</strong> 32% no consumo<br />

do cimento, segundo os <strong>da</strong>dos oficiais.<br />

Obras como a Via Expressa, <strong>de</strong> saneamento<br />

e esgotamento sanitário, a nova Fonte<br />

Nova, a ampliação industrial via aumento<br />

<strong>da</strong> oferta <strong>de</strong> gás através do Gasene <strong>de</strong>monstram<br />

que o setor está em expansão.<br />

Outros <strong>de</strong>staques <strong>de</strong> 2010 são a Ferrovia<br />

Oeste-Leste, o estaleiro <strong>de</strong> São Roque<br />

do Paraguaçu, a duplicação do trecho<br />

Itabuna-Ilhéus <strong>da</strong>s BRs 415 e 101, no extremo<br />

sul, e a pavimentação <strong>da</strong> BR-235, no<br />

trecho que vai <strong>da</strong> divisa <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> com Sergipe<br />

até Juazeiro. To<strong>da</strong>s essas obras estão<br />

previstas pelo Programa <strong>de</strong> Aceleração do<br />

Crescimento 2 (PAC 2), que chega ao País<br />

no clima do entusiasmo <strong>da</strong> preparação <strong>da</strong>s<br />

ci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s-se<strong>de</strong> <strong>da</strong> Copa do Mundo <strong>de</strong> 2014.<br />

Além <strong>da</strong>s obras <strong>de</strong> mobili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> urbana<br />

já previstas para Salvador, por ser uma <strong>da</strong>s<br />

ci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s-se<strong>de</strong> <strong>da</strong> Copa, o Estado foi contemplado,<br />

entre outros investimentos, com a<br />

ampliação do programa Minha Casa, Minha<br />

Vi<strong>da</strong>, do quebra-mar e do terminal <strong>de</strong> passageiros<br />

do porto e <strong>da</strong> recuperação <strong>da</strong> torre<br />

<strong>de</strong> controle do Aeroporto Internacional <strong>de</strong><br />

Salvador Deputado Luís Eduardo Magalhães.<br />

heavy consTrucTion is<br />

anoTher highlighT<br />

Implementation of different projects for<br />

sewers, paving roads and building highways<br />

is also leveraging the State’s public<br />

works sector. To get an i<strong>de</strong>a of the growth<br />

of the volume of construction, <strong>da</strong>ta provi<strong>de</strong>d<br />

as ‘Dias Melhores’, which is establishing new horizons for<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>’s housing policy. Data on the implementation of the<br />

State System for Housing in Social Interest show that 18<br />

thousand new homes have already been ma<strong>de</strong> ready, while<br />

a further 21,972 are un<strong>de</strong>r construction in the state program<br />

alone, posting an 8.3% increase of access to housing for inhabitants<br />

of urban and rural zones between 2006 and 2008.<br />

In the case of fe<strong>de</strong>ral investments in <strong>Bahia</strong> State for this<br />

public, they are routed through PAC (Growth Acceleration<br />

Program). <strong>Bahia</strong> was so efficient in PAC 1 that it was the<br />

first Brazilian state to meet its target in 2009. This program,<br />

which also calls for investment in the logistics (highways,<br />

railroads), social and urban (sewers, urbanization and subways)<br />

sectors, totaled 115 new units at the end of 2009, with<br />

2,075 in execution.<br />

PAC 2, launched by the fe<strong>de</strong>ral government last March,<br />

has 18 projects for <strong>Bahia</strong> State’s capital and its metropolitan<br />

region, with total investments standing at R$ 431 million.<br />

Housing accounts for a significant portion of this sum with<br />

R$ 182 million earmarked, R$ 80 million of which are for<br />

Salvador. These figures should generate a sharp reduction in<br />

© ronaldo silva/agecom<br />

by SNIC (Tra<strong>de</strong> Association of Cement Manufacturers)<br />

show that <strong>Bahia</strong> is the greatest<br />

consumer of cement in the Northeast Region<br />

of Brazil. Consi<strong>de</strong>ring the entire country,<br />

the sector totaled a 4.9% increase between<br />

March 2009 and April 2010, as compared to<br />

the same period of the previous year.<br />

In the same period, the State saw a 32%<br />

increase in cement consumption, according to<br />

official <strong>da</strong>ta. Public works such as the Expressway,<br />

sewers, the new Fonte Nova stadium, industrial<br />

expansion due to increased offer of gas<br />

through Gasene <strong>de</strong>monstrate that the sector is<br />

un<strong>de</strong>rgoing expansion.<br />

Other highlights in 2010 are the West-East<br />

Railroad, the São Roque do Paraguaçu shipyard,<br />

new lanes for the Itabuna-Ilhéus stretch<br />

of highways BR-415 and 101 in the south of the<br />

State, and paving the stretch of highway BR-235<br />

from the bor<strong>de</strong>r with Sergipe State to Juazeiro.<br />

All these public works are called for in PAC 2,<br />

which arrives when the country is enthusiastically<br />

preparing host cities for the 2014 World Cup.<br />

In addition to work on urban mobility already<br />

planned for Salvador because it is to<br />

be one of the host cities for the World Cup,<br />

the State was awar<strong>de</strong>d, among other investments,<br />

an extension of ‘My House, My Life’<br />

program, the breakwater and passenger terminal<br />

at the Port, and rebuilding the control<br />

tower of Salvador’s International Airport Deputado<br />

Luís Eduardo Magalhães.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 49


© vaner casaes/agecom<br />

50<br />

Infraestrutura Infrastructure<br />

otImIsmo crescente<br />

O PAC 2 chega <strong>de</strong>pois <strong>de</strong> o País ter <strong>de</strong>monstrado soli<strong>de</strong>z<br />

diante <strong>da</strong> crise econômica internacional, que resultou<br />

em que<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sempenho no setor <strong>da</strong> construção, mas,<br />

ain<strong>da</strong> assim, ficou acima dos números registrados em 2008.<br />

Segundo pesquisa <strong>da</strong> A<strong>de</strong>mi-BA, o valor total <strong>de</strong> financiamentos<br />

imobiliários no Estado (construção e aquisição),<br />

com recursos do Sistema Brasileiro <strong>de</strong> Poupança e Empréstimo<br />

(SBPE), foi <strong>de</strong> R$ 1,6 bilhão em 2009. No ano passado,<br />

os números foram positivos, com o primeiro bimestre<br />

contabilizando R$ 228,5 milhões em recursos.<br />

O mesmo estudo mostrou que o <strong>de</strong>sempenho positivo colocou<br />

o Estado em <strong>de</strong>staque no cenário imobiliário do Nor<strong>de</strong>ste<br />

em 2009, ficando com 43,5% do total. Em 2010, a <strong>Bahia</strong> já ocupava<br />

a primeira colocação <strong>da</strong> região, com 34,4%. “Esses números<br />

também refletem o potencial <strong>de</strong> a<strong>da</strong>ptação do construtor baiano,<br />

que investiu em novas tecnologias e agora está preparado<br />

para aten<strong>de</strong>r a essa <strong>de</strong>man<strong>da</strong> com competência”, afirma o dono<br />

<strong>da</strong> Sertenge Incorporadora e Construtora Lt<strong>da</strong>., Luiz Fernando<br />

Pessoa, que está há 25 anos no mercado e, em 2010, previu a<br />

entrega <strong>de</strong> cerca <strong>de</strong> 300 uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s habitacionais com esse perfil.<br />

O otimismo com a perspectiva <strong>de</strong> crescimento toma conta<br />

do setor. Um dos fatores favoráveis à ampliação é a <strong>de</strong>man<strong>da</strong><br />

ca<strong>da</strong> vez maior. O presi<strong>de</strong>nte do Sinduscon-BA, Carlos Alberto<br />

Vieira Lima afirma que, em 2009, as construtoras baianas lançaram<br />

8,2 mil uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s e ven<strong>de</strong>ram 12 mil. Para ele, 2010 trouxe<br />

muitas surpresas positivas. “Des<strong>de</strong> o ano anterior, foram gera<strong>da</strong>s<br />

33 mil uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s habitacionais que agora começam a ser<br />

construí<strong>da</strong>s. Isso gera mais empregos para o setor”, explica.<br />

No entanto, apesar <strong>de</strong> tantos investimentos, existe um aspecto<br />

em particular que tem preocupado construtores e governo:<br />

a disponibili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> novas áreas para o crescimento <strong>da</strong>s<br />

ci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s. “A questão fundiária é um dos maiores problemas para<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

the country’s housing <strong>de</strong>ficit, as announced by entrepreneurs<br />

and the government, reflecting directly on the growth<br />

of the economy. Nevertheless, there is still a need for further<br />

investment.<br />

“As compared to other countries such as Chile, Argentina<br />

and Mexico, Brazil is still below the credit vs. GDP indicator.<br />

There is therefore a real need for further improvement,<br />

<strong>de</strong>spite the advances ma<strong>de</strong>. What we believe is going to<br />

happen is that economic stability will allow the market to<br />

try longer terms, of nearly 30 years,” Vieira Lima reckons.<br />

“Until 2008, the luxury market was <strong>Bahia</strong>’s strongest, led<br />

by the construction of units costing over R$ 250 thousand.<br />

But now the best-selling housing units are those worth up<br />

to R$ 100 thousand, and buil<strong>de</strong>rs are aware of the fact. This<br />

change has ma<strong>de</strong> it necessary for the sector to a<strong>da</strong>pt, but<br />

it has also <strong>de</strong>monstrated the capability of <strong>Bahia</strong>’s buil<strong>de</strong>rs,”<br />

explains A<strong>de</strong>mi presi<strong>de</strong>nt Nilson Sarti.<br />

grOwiNg OpTimism<br />

PAC 2 arrives after the country <strong>de</strong>monstrated solidity in<br />

the face of the international economic crisis, which led to a<br />

reduction in the performance of the construction sector that,<br />

even so, remained above the figures for 2008. According to a<br />

survey by A<strong>de</strong>mi-BA, the total value of State real estate financing<br />

(construction and acquisition) with resources from SBPE<br />

(Brazilian System of Savings and Loans) was R$ 1.6 billion in<br />

2009. Figures were positive last year, with the first two months<br />

of the year accounting for R$ 228.5 million in resources.<br />

The same study showed that positive performance<br />

highlighted the State in the real estate scenario in Brazil’s<br />

Northeast Region in 2009: 43.5% of the total. In 2010 <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

is already in first place in the region: 34.4%. “These figures<br />

also reflect <strong>Bahia</strong>’s buil<strong>de</strong>rs’ capacity for a<strong>da</strong>pting. They in-


o <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento <strong>da</strong> construção civil na <strong>Bahia</strong>, em especial em<br />

Salvador. Por isso a necessi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>da</strong> criação <strong>de</strong> novas áreas para<br />

a implementação <strong>de</strong> projetos é aponta<strong>da</strong> pelos empresários<br />

como a única solução para a questão”, afirma Vieira Lima.<br />

Para ele, a criação <strong>de</strong> novas áreas com infraestrutura <strong>de</strong>ve<br />

ser uma meta paralela à liberação <strong>de</strong> recursos para o setor. “É<br />

preciso ter mobili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>. Essas novas áreas precisam ser liga<strong>da</strong>s<br />

ao centro <strong>da</strong> ci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>. Caso isso não aconteça, os projetos se<br />

tornam inviáveis”, pontua. Ele também <strong>de</strong>staca a importância<br />

<strong>de</strong> criar protocolos mais simplificados para que esses projetos<br />

sejam <strong>de</strong>senvolvidos com a veloci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> necessária. “No programa<br />

<strong>de</strong> habitação, acredito que se <strong>de</strong>ve fazer um pacto com<br />

a ci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> para o seu <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento e atração <strong>de</strong> novos investimentos.<br />

E também é preciso ter segurança jurídica e regras<br />

claras”, <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong> (veja entrevista nas páginas seguintes).<br />

vested in new technology and now they are prepared to<br />

face the challenge competently,” states Sertenge Incorporadora<br />

e Construtora Limita<strong>da</strong>’s owner Luiz Fernando Pessoa,<br />

who has been in the market for 25 years and expected<br />

to <strong>de</strong>liver nearly 300 housing units of this type in 2010.<br />

Optimism regarding prospects for growth is spreading<br />

through the sector. One favorable factor is that <strong>de</strong>mand<br />

is still growing. Sinduscon-BA presi<strong>de</strong>nt Carlos Alberto<br />

Vieira Lima states that in 2009 <strong>Bahia</strong>’s construction companies<br />

launched 8.2 thousand housing units and sold 12<br />

thousand. In his opinion, 2010 brought pleasant surprises.<br />

“Since the previous year 33 thousand housing units have<br />

been generated, and work has now started on them. This<br />

means more jobs for the sector,” he explains.<br />

However, in spite of the scale of investment, there is<br />

one aspect in particular that government and construction<br />

companies are worried about: availability of new areas for<br />

cities’ growth. “The issue of land is one of the main problems<br />

for the <strong>de</strong>velopment of civil construction in <strong>Bahia</strong>,<br />

especially in Salvador. The creation of new areas for implementation<br />

of projects is called for by entrepreneurs as the<br />

only solution to the problem,” states Vieira Lima.<br />

In his opinion, creating new areas with infrastructure<br />

should be a parallel target for funding for the sector. “Mobility<br />

is necessary. These new areas must be linked to downtown.<br />

If this is not so, these projects become unfeasible,” he<br />

points out. He also stresses the importance of setting up simpler<br />

protocols for these projects to be <strong>de</strong>veloped at the necessary<br />

speed. “In the housing program, I believe that a pact<br />

must be ma<strong>de</strong> with the city for <strong>de</strong>velopment and attracting<br />

new investment. It is also necessary to provi<strong>de</strong> legal security<br />

and clear rules.” (See interview in following pages).<br />

minha casa, minha vi<strong>da</strong><br />

Lançado pelo governo fe<strong>de</strong>ral em parceria com os estados<br />

e iniciativa priva<strong>da</strong>, o programa Minha Casa, Minha<br />

Vi<strong>da</strong> – criado com o objetivo <strong>de</strong> reduzir o déficit habitacional<br />

do País para as famílias que ganham até 10 salários<br />

mínimos – teve um dos melhores <strong>de</strong>sempenhos na <strong>Bahia</strong>. Subsidiado<br />

com recursos <strong>da</strong> União e do Fundo <strong>de</strong> Garantia por<br />

Tempo <strong>de</strong> Serviço (FGTS), o programa prevê a construção <strong>de</strong><br />

um milhão <strong>de</strong> moradias em todo o País, com financiamento <strong>de</strong><br />

100% do valor total do imóvel para trabalhadores que ganham<br />

entre 0 e 3 salários mínimos. Para as <strong>de</strong>mais faixas, a redução<br />

do percentual <strong>de</strong> financiamento é gradual, tendo como contraparti<strong>da</strong><br />

um aumento do acesso ao Fundo Garantidor.<br />

Em 2009, a parceria com o governo do Estado resultou em<br />

980 novas uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s entregues, sendo que outras 380 ficaram<br />

em fase <strong>de</strong> execução e 600 programa<strong>da</strong>s, mas ain<strong>da</strong> não inicia<strong>da</strong>s.<br />

Já a fatia do programa Minha Casa, Minha Vi<strong>da</strong> que é<br />

realiza<strong>da</strong> em parceria com a iniciativa priva<strong>da</strong> com contraparti<strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong> Embasa contabilizou um dos melhores <strong>de</strong>sempenhos<br />

do setor, com 16.814 novas uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s contrata<strong>da</strong>s, sendo que<br />

4.371 uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s habitacionais estão em fase <strong>de</strong> execução e outras<br />

12.443 ain<strong>da</strong> não foram inicia<strong>da</strong>s. Outras 5.640 novas uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s<br />

estão previstas para a etapa SUB 50 do programa, mas<br />

nenhuma <strong>de</strong>las foi inicia<strong>da</strong> até o momento. Os <strong>da</strong>dos são <strong>da</strong><br />

Caixa Econômica Fe<strong>de</strong>ral.<br />

‘my house, my life’<br />

Launched by the fe<strong>de</strong>ral government in partnership with the<br />

states and private enterprise, ‘My House, My Life’ program –<br />

created with the objective of reducing the country’s housing <strong>de</strong>ficit<br />

for families earning up to 10 minimum salaries – showed one of<br />

its best performances in <strong>Bahia</strong>. Subsidized with resources from the<br />

fe<strong>de</strong>ral government and FGTS (Government Severance In<strong>de</strong>mnity<br />

Fund for Employees), this program calls for the construction of<br />

1 million dwellings all over the country, with 100% of total value financed<br />

for workers earning from 0 to 3 minimum salaries. The percentage<br />

financed <strong>de</strong>creases gradually for other income brackets,<br />

with increased access to the Guarantee Fund as a counterweight.<br />

In 2009, the partnership with the State government resulted<br />

in 980 new units <strong>de</strong>livered, with another 380 un<strong>de</strong>r construction<br />

and a further 600 planned but not yet started. In the case of the<br />

bracket for the ‘My House, My Life’ program, which is carried out<br />

in partnership with private enterprise and having Embasa as a<br />

counterpart, its performance was one of the best in the sector,<br />

with 16,814 new units contracted for, of which 4,371 units are un<strong>de</strong>r<br />

construction and a further 12,443 have not yet broken ground.<br />

A further 5,640 new units are planned for the SUB 50 stage of the<br />

program, but none have broken ground yet. Data provi<strong>de</strong>d by<br />

Caixa Econômica Fe<strong>de</strong>ral.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 51<br />

© jorge cor<strong>de</strong>iro/agecom


IndústrIa Industry<br />

52<br />

entrevIsta IntervIeW CARLOS ALBERTO MATOS VIEIRA LIMA<br />

‘‘O ESTADO TEM UM POTENCIAL<br />

exTRemamenTe FavORável’’<br />

Da janela do apartamento em que mora na capital baiana, Carlos Alberto Matos<br />

Vieira Lima assiste ao boom nacional <strong>da</strong> construção civil. Há 40 anos no ramo, o<br />

atual presi<strong>de</strong>nte do Sindicato <strong>da</strong> Indústria <strong>da</strong> Construção Civil do Estado <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

(Sinduscon-BA), que reúne cerca <strong>de</strong> 160 empresas, afirma que os bons tempos estão<br />

<strong>de</strong> volta, apesar <strong>de</strong> questões jurídicas ain<strong>da</strong> dificultarem a captação <strong>de</strong> investimentos<br />

para o setor. Na<strong>da</strong> que possa reduzir as entusiásticas perspectivas dos empresários,<br />

que, em 2010, trabalharam com um crescimento <strong>de</strong> mais <strong>de</strong> 20% e a geração <strong>de</strong><br />

50 mil empregos. Quanto às duas torres que estão sendo ergui<strong>da</strong>s do lado do seu<br />

prédio, prometendo comprometer a bela vista do mar, Carlos é categórico: “É o<br />

retrato do progresso, e eu não posso reclamar porque faço parte <strong>de</strong>le, com muito<br />

orgulho”. Confira os principais trechos <strong>da</strong> entrevista à <strong>Bahia</strong> Oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s.<br />

‘bahia sTaTe enjoys exTremely favorable poTenTial’<br />

From the window of his apartment in the capital of <strong>Bahia</strong>, Carlos<br />

Alberto Matos Vieira Lima can see evi<strong>de</strong>nce of the national boom in<br />

civil construction. After 40 years in the tra<strong>de</strong>, the current presi<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

of Sinduscon-BA (Construction Tra<strong>de</strong> Association of the State of<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>), which brings together about 160 companies, states that good<br />

times are back, even though juridical matters still hamper the sector’s<br />

pOR/By pALOMA jACOBINA<br />

a construção civil na bahia cresce a passos<br />

largos. os empresários estão enfrentando<br />

problemas para <strong>da</strong>r conta <strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong>man<strong>da</strong>?<br />

Hoje, estamos com o setor em pleno<br />

crescimento, <strong>de</strong>pois <strong>de</strong> um período<br />

<strong>de</strong> 30 anos em que o Brasil e a construção<br />

civil estiveram parados. Há<br />

quatro anos, retomamos o <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento<br />

do País e, consequentemente,<br />

do setor. Um <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento<br />

acentuado e <strong>de</strong> forma acelera<strong>da</strong>,<br />

que acarretou algum <strong>de</strong>sequilíbrio.<br />

Você tem um problema gravíssimo<br />

na mão-<strong>de</strong>-obra, associado a questões<br />

<strong>de</strong> abastecimento <strong>de</strong> materiais<br />

e do próprio relacionamento com os<br />

setores <strong>de</strong> licenciamento ambiental.<br />

Qual a perspectiva <strong>de</strong> crescimento em<br />

2010?<br />

Estamos falando em algo em torno<br />

<strong>de</strong> 20%. Temos os condomínios<br />

<strong>da</strong> Paralela, <strong>da</strong> área do Cabula, do<br />

litoral norte, que são projetos <strong>de</strong><br />

duas mil uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s. Isso mostra que<br />

o Estado tem um potencial extremamente<br />

favorável com o <strong>de</strong>senvolvi-<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

mento <strong>de</strong> projetos. Se acontecer a<br />

a<strong>de</strong>são <strong>de</strong> regras jurídicas claras que<br />

<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>mos, po<strong>de</strong>remos pensar seriamente<br />

em trabalhar com gran<strong>de</strong>s<br />

investidores estrangeiros e propor<br />

projetos, como os <strong>da</strong> orla <strong>de</strong> Salvador,<br />

por exemplo, que é muito bonita,<br />

mas precisa ser melhora<strong>da</strong>. Com<br />

segurança jurídica, po<strong>de</strong>mos ain<strong>da</strong><br />

mais. Não po<strong>de</strong>mos é começar um<br />

empreendimento com a ameaça <strong>de</strong><br />

amanhã ou <strong>de</strong>pois vê-lo paralisado.<br />

e com relação à capacitação <strong>da</strong> mão-<strong>de</strong>obra?<br />

Estamos melhorando, mas ain<strong>da</strong><br />

muito aquém do que o momento<br />

requer. Precisamos criar capital humano<br />

para respon<strong>de</strong>r a essa <strong>de</strong>man<strong>da</strong>.<br />

Temos <strong>de</strong> fazer projetos <strong>de</strong> qualificação<br />

<strong>de</strong> pessoal nos bairros periféricos.<br />

Mas precisamos fazer isso <strong>de</strong><br />

efforts to attract investment. Nothing could place a <strong>da</strong>mp blanket<br />

on entrepreneurs’ enthusiasm regarding 2010, with 20% growth and<br />

50 thousand jobs generated. As for the two towers being built next<br />

to his building, blocking out a beautiful view of the sea, Carlos is<br />

categorical: “It’s the picture of process, and I can’t complain because<br />

I’m a part of it, and I’m very proud of the fact.” Read the highlights in<br />

the interview by <strong>Bahia</strong> Oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s.<br />

‘há um problema gravíssimo na mão-<strong>de</strong>-obra, associado a<br />

questões <strong>de</strong> abastecimento <strong>de</strong> materiais e do próprio<br />

relacionamento com os setores <strong>de</strong> licenciamento ambiental’<br />

maneira massiva. Estamos falando<br />

<strong>da</strong> geração <strong>de</strong> 50 mil empregos em<br />

2010 e precisamos <strong>de</strong> uma política<br />

que aten<strong>da</strong> a esse nível <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>man<strong>da</strong>,<br />

porque não po<strong>de</strong>mos fazer essa<br />

função. Assim como ele está sendo<br />

bastante positivo nessa área <strong>de</strong> investimentos,<br />

é preciso acompanhar<br />

em investimentos em qualificação<br />

<strong>de</strong> mão-<strong>de</strong>-obra. Essa é uma questão<br />

essencialmente importante.<br />

os construtores estão enfrentando um<br />

problema com o impasse entre o ministério<br />

público e o cria. na sua avaliação, as<br />

licenças ambientais <strong>da</strong>s obras estão sendo<br />

concedi<strong>da</strong>s corretamente?<br />

O que posso dizer é que existe um<br />

órgão com os po<strong>de</strong>res para <strong>da</strong>r a licença,<br />

e eu reconheço esse órgão.<br />

Agora, se o Ministério Público não o<br />

reconhece, nós estamos perplexos


em saber. Os empresários querem<br />

regras claras e segurança jurídica. É<br />

preciso que se resolva isso. Que estabeleçam<br />

um dialogo. A socie<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

não po<strong>de</strong> ficar à mercê <strong>da</strong> briga <strong>de</strong><br />

dois órgãos que existem para <strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong>r<br />

os interesses <strong>da</strong> população.<br />

as construtoras brasileiras também estão<br />

tendo que se preparar para aten<strong>de</strong>r à<br />

norma <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>sempenho <strong>da</strong>s edificações,<br />

que entrou em vigor em 12 <strong>de</strong> maio <strong>de</strong><br />

2010. como isso está acontecendo aqui<br />

na bahia?<br />

Estamos oferecendo cursos e palestras<br />

para apresentar os <strong>de</strong>talhes<br />

com clareza para nossos associados.<br />

Encaramos a norma como uma<br />

questão positiva pelo fato <strong>de</strong> que<br />

ela nos traz regras claras, que foram<br />

<strong>de</strong>senvolvi<strong>da</strong>s a pedido <strong>da</strong> Caixa<br />

Econômica Fe<strong>de</strong>ral para aten<strong>de</strong>r às<br />

habitações <strong>de</strong> interesse social. Tanto<br />

que ela vai atingir as construções<br />

<strong>de</strong> até cinco pavimentos, apesar <strong>de</strong><br />

haver a possibili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> extensão.<br />

Sabemos que o bom construtor, que<br />

significa a maioria dos que estão no<br />

mercado hoje, vai se a<strong>de</strong>quar rapi<strong>da</strong>mente<br />

a ela e já está fazendo isso,<br />

apesar <strong>de</strong> ain<strong>da</strong> termos seis meses<br />

<strong>de</strong> prazo. Isso porque o que queremos<br />

é a satisfação do cliente.<br />

ouvimos falar muito no crescimento <strong>da</strong><br />

construção civil na capital. como o setor<br />

está se <strong>de</strong>senvolvendo no resto do estado?<br />

Você encontra essa capilari<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> nas<br />

chama<strong>da</strong>s obras <strong>de</strong> mercado, mais<br />

concentra<strong>da</strong>s nos centros urbanos.<br />

Você vê isso em Ilhéus, na região <strong>de</strong><br />

Barreiras e em Luís Eduardo Magalhães.<br />

É claro, elas se concentram<br />

nos centros urbanos. Mas as obras<br />

públicas também estão acontecendo<br />

em todo o Estado. Em boa<br />

parte dos municípios, é possível<br />

encontrar obras <strong>de</strong> governo, assim<br />

como está acontecendo com a <strong>da</strong><br />

Petrobras na região <strong>de</strong> Can<strong>de</strong>ias e<br />

em outras áreas.<br />

voltando a salvador, há uma dificul<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

visível para o crescimento <strong>da</strong> ci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>.<br />

Quais os vetores <strong>de</strong> crescimento? existem<br />

alternativas?<br />

Temos <strong>de</strong> investir muito e preparar<br />

Salvador para esse crescimento que<br />

estamos vendo na economia do Estado<br />

e que se reflete muito na ci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>.<br />

Precisamos investir em mobili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

urbana, pouco se fez em relação a<br />

isso, a não ser pela Via Expressa, que<br />

começa a ser implementa<strong>da</strong>. É preciso<br />

tomar cui<strong>da</strong>do com o problema<br />

do transporte urbano. Precisamos<br />

também projetar novas fronteiras<br />

civil construction in bahia is taking great<br />

stri<strong>de</strong>s forward. are entrepreneurs encountering<br />

problems keeping up with <strong>de</strong>mand?<br />

To<strong>da</strong>y the sector is in full growth, after<br />

a 30-year period during which Brazil and civil<br />

construction were at a standstill. We resumed<br />

<strong>de</strong>velopment of the country, and thus the sector,<br />

four years ago. Marked, accelerated <strong>de</strong>velopment,<br />

causing some imbalance. There is a<br />

very serious problem concerning labor, associated<br />

to issues regarding supplies of materials<br />

and the very relationship with environmental<br />

licensing sectors.<br />

what are the perspectives for growth in 2010?<br />

We are talking about something like 20%.<br />

We have the Paralela condominiums, in the Cabula<br />

area on the North Coast, which are 2,000-unit<br />

projects. This shows that the State has extremely<br />

favorable prospects for project <strong>de</strong>velopment. If<br />

we obtain the adhesion to clear juridical rules we<br />

are calling for, we can seriously consi<strong>de</strong>r working<br />

with major foreign investors and propose projects<br />

like those for the coastline of Salvador, for<br />

example, which is very pretty and needs improvements.<br />

With juridical security, we can do even<br />

more. What we cannot do is start an un<strong>de</strong>rtaking<br />

with the threat of seeing work coming to a halt<br />

tomorrow or the <strong>da</strong>y after.<br />

and how about training labor?<br />

We are improving, but we are still falling<br />

short of what the times require. We need to create<br />

human capital to respond to this <strong>de</strong>mand. We<br />

need to put projects in place to qualify resi<strong>de</strong>nts<br />

of neighborhoods in the outskirts. But it must be<br />

done on a massive scale. We are talking about<br />

generating 50 thousand jobs in 2010, and we<br />

need a policy to handle this level of <strong>de</strong>mand,<br />

because we cannot perform this function. As <strong>de</strong>mand<br />

is quite positive for this area of investment,<br />

it is also necessary to invest in qualifying the workforce.<br />

This is absolutely essential.<br />

‘There’s a very serious problem<br />

concerning labor, associaTed<br />

To issues regarding supplies of<br />

maTerials and The very relaTionship<br />

wiTh environmenTal licensing<br />

secTors.’<br />

buil<strong>de</strong>rs have been encountering problems<br />

stemming from the <strong>de</strong>adlock between the<br />

public attorney’s office and cria. in your<br />

opinion, are environmental licenses being issued<br />

properly?<br />

All I can say is that there is an entity with the<br />

power to grant licenses, and I recognize this entity.<br />

Now, if the Public Attorney’s Office does not<br />

“as obras públicas<br />

estão acontecendo em<br />

todo o estado. em boa<br />

parte dos municípios,<br />

é possível encontrar<br />

obras <strong>de</strong> governo”<br />

<strong>de</strong> crescimento. A questão <strong>da</strong> Ilha<br />

<strong>de</strong> Itaparica já aponta nessa direção,<br />

precisamos regular o problema <strong>da</strong><br />

Ci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> Baixa e criar condições para<br />

que a ci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> se instale nesse curso.<br />

recognize it, we do not un<strong>de</strong>rstand. Entrepreneurs<br />

need clear rules and juristic security. This<br />

has to be solved. They should be talking to each<br />

other. Society cannot be at the mercy of an argument<br />

between two bodies that exist to <strong>de</strong>fend<br />

the population’s interests.<br />

brazilian construction companies also have to<br />

prepare to meet the norm regarding the performance<br />

of buildings, effective as of may 12<br />

of 2010. what is happening in bahia in this<br />

respect?<br />

We are offering courses and lectures presenting<br />

the <strong>de</strong>tails clearly to our members. We view<br />

the norm as a positive <strong>de</strong>velopment because it<br />

provi<strong>de</strong>s us with clear rules, <strong>de</strong>veloped at the request<br />

of Caixa Econômica Fe<strong>de</strong>ral for dwellings<br />

of social interest. So much so, that it will affect<br />

buildings up to five floors high, although there is<br />

a possibility of extension. We know that our good<br />

buil<strong>de</strong>rs – which mean most in the market to<strong>da</strong>y<br />

– will adjust quickly, and have already started doing<br />

so, even though we have six months’ grace.<br />

This is because what we are seeking is customer<br />

satisfaction.<br />

we have heard a lot about the growth of civil<br />

construction in the capital. how is the sector<br />

faring in the rest of the state?<br />

You find this capillarity in the so-called market<br />

un<strong>de</strong>rtakings concentrated in urban centers.<br />

You see this in Ilhéus, in the Barreiras region, and<br />

in Luís Eduardo Magalhães. Of course, they do<br />

concentrate in urban centers. But public works<br />

are also in progress all over the State. You can<br />

find government un<strong>de</strong>rtakings in many municipalities,<br />

such as the Petrobras project in the Can<strong>de</strong>ias<br />

region, and others.<br />

‘public works are in progress<br />

all over The sTaTe. There are<br />

governmenT un<strong>de</strong>rTakings in many<br />

municipaliTies.’<br />

coming back to the subject of salvador,<br />

there is visible difficulty for the city to grow.<br />

what are the growth vectors? are there alternatives?<br />

We have to invest a lot and prepare Salvador<br />

for this growth we see in the State’s economy,<br />

which is extensively reflected in the city. We need<br />

to invest in urban mobility. Not much has been<br />

done, except the Expressway, which is starting<br />

to be implemented. This issue of urban transport<br />

needs great care. We must also project new<br />

boun<strong>da</strong>ries for growth. The issue of Ilha is already<br />

going in this direction. We need to regulate the<br />

problem of Ci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> Baixa and create the necessary<br />

conditions for the city to take this course.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 53


IndústrIa Industry<br />

OS CAMINhOS DA<br />

celUlOse<br />

Setor creSce na bahia<br />

com a conStrução <strong>de</strong> nova<br />

uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>da</strong> veracel, que<br />

terá inveStimentoS <strong>de</strong> maiS<br />

<strong>de</strong> r$ 4 bilhõeS<br />

industry expands in bahia with the<br />

construction of a new unit by veracel,<br />

with investment in excess of r$ 4 billion<br />

pOR/By pERLA RIBEIRO<br />

A<br />

empresa Veracel fará um investimento superior a R$ 4<br />

bilhões na construção <strong>de</strong> uma nova uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> produção<br />

no sul <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong>. A multinacional já <strong>de</strong>u entra<strong>da</strong> no pedido<br />

<strong>de</strong> licença ambiental e aguar<strong>da</strong> o posicionamento do<br />

Instituto <strong>de</strong> Meio Ambiente do Estado (IMA) para seguir<br />

com a empreita<strong>da</strong>. Os investimentos serão <strong>de</strong>stinados tanto à construção<br />

<strong>da</strong> uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> industrial quanto à expansão <strong>da</strong>s ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s florestais.<br />

The ways of pulp<br />

Veracel will invest over R$ 4 billion to build a new production unit<br />

in southern <strong>Bahia</strong>. The multinational company has already filed an<br />

environmental license application and is awaiting the opinion of the State<br />

Institute of the Environment (IMA) to progress with the un<strong>de</strong>rtaking. The<br />

investment is inten<strong>de</strong>d both to build a new industrial mill and to expand<br />

forestry activities.


a veracel gera uma arreca<strong>da</strong>ção <strong>de</strong> maiS <strong>de</strong> r$ 98 milhõeS por ano<br />

veracel pays over r$ 98 million in taxes a year<br />

As atuais instalações têm capaci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> nominal para produção<br />

<strong>de</strong> 900 mil tonela<strong>da</strong>s anuais <strong>de</strong> celulose branquea<strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> eucalipto. No entanto, antes <strong>de</strong> completar cinco<br />

anos <strong>de</strong> operação, comemorados em maio, a produção já<br />

tinha atingido a casa <strong>da</strong>s cinco milhões <strong>de</strong> tonela<strong>da</strong>s.<br />

A proposta é que a Veracel II seja responsável pela<br />

duplicação <strong>da</strong> produção anual <strong>da</strong> fábrica, que hoje é <strong>de</strong><br />

1,13 milhão <strong>de</strong> tonela<strong>da</strong>s <strong>de</strong> fibra seca curta. Assim que o<br />

novo projeto entrar em operação, a previsão é gerar uma<br />

produção <strong>de</strong> 1,5 milhão <strong>de</strong> tonela<strong>da</strong>s <strong>de</strong> celulose por ano.<br />

Somando ao resultado atual, a produção passaria a 2,8 milhões<br />

<strong>de</strong> tonela<strong>da</strong>s/ano.<br />

O salto adiante <strong>da</strong> Veracel reflete a importância do setor <strong>de</strong><br />

celulose para a <strong>Bahia</strong>. Atualmente, é a segun<strong>da</strong> maior ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong>senvolvi<strong>da</strong> no Estado e representa 16% do Produto Interno<br />

Bruto (PIB) baiano. No caso <strong>da</strong> Veracel, a empresa gera uma<br />

arreca<strong>da</strong>ção <strong>de</strong> mais <strong>de</strong> R$ 98 milhões/ano entre impostos, encargos<br />

sociais e previ<strong>de</strong>nciários. Além disso, coloca Eunápolis<br />

em sexto lugar entre os municípios exportadores <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong>.<br />

The current facilities have a rated capacity to produce<br />

900 thousand tons of bleached eucalyptus pulp.<br />

However, even before turning five-year-old, celebrated<br />

last May, production had already reached 5 million<br />

tons.<br />

Veracel II is supposed to double the company’s annual<br />

production, rated to<strong>da</strong>y at 1.13 million tons of dried<br />

short fiber. Right at its start of operation, the new project<br />

shall produce 1.5 million tons of pulp per year. Altogether,<br />

the company’s production shall be in excess of 2.8 million<br />

tons a year.<br />

The Veracel’s leap ahead is a reflection of the pulp<br />

sector’s importance for <strong>Bahia</strong>. Currently, it is the second<br />

largest activity <strong>de</strong>veloped in the State, representing 16%<br />

of <strong>Bahia</strong>’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In the case<br />

of Veracel, the company pays over R$ 98 million a year<br />

in taxes, payroll taxes and social security. In addition, it<br />

makes Eunápolis the sixth largest exporting municipality<br />

in <strong>Bahia</strong>.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 55


IndústrIa Industry<br />

A empresa na <strong>Bahia</strong> – THE COMPANY IN BAHIA (TIMELINE)<br />

2009<br />

• A<strong>de</strong>são ao Pacto <strong>da</strong> Mata Atlântica<br />

Adherence to the Atlantic Forest Pact<br />

• Recertifi cação pela Norma ISO 14001/2004<br />

ISO 14001/2004 Stan<strong>da</strong>rd recertifi cation<br />

2008<br />

• Certifi cação pelo selo internacional FSC<br />

International certifi cation by FSC<br />

2007<br />

• Mo<strong>de</strong>rnização do processo <strong>de</strong> produção <strong>de</strong> mu<strong>da</strong>s<br />

Mo<strong>de</strong>rnization of cutting production process<br />

2006<br />

• Recertifi cação pela Norma ISO 14001<br />

ISO 14001 Stan<strong>da</strong>rd recertifi cation<br />

2005<br />

• Conclusão <strong>da</strong>s obras <strong>da</strong> fábrica e início <strong>da</strong>s operações industriais<br />

Conclusion of mill construction and its start of operations<br />

• Certifi cação pelo Programa Brasileiro <strong>de</strong> Certifi cação Florestal (Cerfl or)<br />

Certifi cation by Brazilian Program of Forest Certifi cation (Cerfl or)<br />

2003<br />

• Certifi cação pela Norma ISO 14001/2003<br />

ISO 14001/2003 Stan<strong>da</strong>rd certifi cation<br />

• Início <strong>da</strong>s obras <strong>da</strong> fábrica<br />

Construction of mill is started<br />

2001<br />

• Início <strong>da</strong> construção do Terminal Marítimo <strong>de</strong> Belmonte<br />

Start of construction, Belmonte Marine Terminal<br />

• Início <strong>da</strong>s operações <strong>de</strong> colheita fl orestal<br />

Forest harvesting operations are started<br />

1996<br />

• Licenciamento ambiental para o projeto <strong>da</strong> fábrica <strong>de</strong> celulose<br />

Environmental license issuance for the pulp mill project<br />

1992<br />

• Início do plantio <strong>de</strong> eucalipto<br />

Start of eucalyptus plantation<br />

1991<br />

• Início <strong>da</strong>s ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s <strong>da</strong> Veracruz Florestal Lt<strong>da</strong>.,<br />

como subsidiária <strong>da</strong> O<strong>de</strong>brecht<br />

Start of activities of Veracruz Florestal Lt<strong>da</strong>., as a subsidiary of O<strong>de</strong>brecht<br />

• Primeiras aquisições <strong>de</strong> terras no sul <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

First land acquisitions in Southern <strong>Bahia</strong>


Hoje, 100% <strong>da</strong> produção <strong>da</strong> Veracel é <strong>de</strong>stina<strong>da</strong> à exportação.<br />

A empresa comercializa produtos para Europa, a<br />

Ásia e os Estados Unidos. Segundo <strong>da</strong>dos <strong>da</strong> Superintendência<br />

<strong>de</strong> Estudos Econômicos e Sociais <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> (SEI), o<br />

segmento <strong>de</strong> papel e celulose ocupa o terceiro lugar no<br />

ranking <strong>da</strong>s exportações baianas.<br />

Só no primeiro trimestre <strong>de</strong> 2010, as exportações do setor<br />

cresceram em 16,4%, em comparação ao mesmo período <strong>de</strong><br />

2009, saltando <strong>de</strong> US$ 353 milhões para US$ 411 milhões. E,<br />

se <strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>r <strong>da</strong>s condições encontra<strong>da</strong>s no Estado, o setor<br />

promete crescer muito mais. “O Brasil tem potencial na produção<br />

<strong>de</strong> ma<strong>de</strong>ira e a região sul <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> é uma ilha <strong>de</strong> produtivi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>.<br />

É por isso que a Veracel tem a maior produtivi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

florestal entre to<strong>da</strong>s as empresas <strong>de</strong> celulose do mundo”,<br />

festeja o presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> empresa, Antônio Sérgio Alípio.<br />

De modo geral, o Brasil tem um potencial fantástico na<br />

produção <strong>de</strong> celulose. Isso <strong>de</strong>corre <strong>de</strong> três aspectos fun<strong>da</strong>mentais:<br />

ambiente favorável à produção, maior tecnologia<br />

florestal e capaci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> gestão. “Esses aspectos fazem<br />

com que a produção <strong>de</strong> celulose, que é predominante na<br />

Europa, venha se <strong>de</strong>slocando aos poucos para a América<br />

do Sul, sobretudo para o Brasil, que figura hoje como o<br />

quarto maior produtor”, avalia o presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> Veracel.<br />

“temoS a maior produtivi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

floreStal entre to<strong>da</strong>S aS empreSaS <strong>de</strong><br />

celuloSe do mundo”<br />

antônio sérgio alípio presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> veracel<br />

we boast the highest forestry productivity among all pulp producers in the world<br />

antônio sérgio alípio ceo, veracel<br />

To<strong>da</strong>y, 100% of Veracel’s production is inten<strong>de</strong>d for export.<br />

The company sells products to Europe, Asia and USA.<br />

According to <strong>da</strong>ta published by the Superinten<strong>de</strong>nce of<br />

Economic and Social Studies of <strong>Bahia</strong> (SEI), the pulp and<br />

paper industry comes third in the ranking of <strong>Bahia</strong>’s exports.<br />

In the first quarter of 2010 alone, sector exports grew by<br />

16.4% when compared to the same period in 2009, jumping<br />

from US$ 353 million to US$ 411 million. And, in what concerns<br />

the conditions found in the State, the sector is expected to<br />

grow even further. “Brazil has the potential to produce wood<br />

and the southern region of <strong>Bahia</strong> is a land of prosperity. This is<br />

the reason for which Veracel boasts the highest forestry productivity<br />

among all pulp producers in the world”, celebrates<br />

the company’s CEO, Antônio Sérgio Alípio.<br />

In general, Brazil enjoys a fantastic potential for pulp<br />

production. This is the result of three essential aspects:<br />

favorable environment for production, advanced forestry<br />

technology and management capacity. “Those aspects<br />

make pulp production – predominantly held in Europe –<br />

move gradually to South America, especially to Brazil, to<strong>da</strong>y’s<br />

fourth largest producer”, says Veracel’s CEO.<br />

While in Scandinavia the forest production capacity is 5<br />

cubic m per hectare per year, the Brazilian average stands<br />

hoje, 100% <strong>da</strong> produção <strong>da</strong><br />

veracel é <strong>de</strong>Stina<strong>da</strong> à exportação<br />

para a áSia, europa e oS eStadoS unidoS<br />

to<strong>da</strong>y, 100% of veracel’s production<br />

is inten<strong>de</strong>d for export to asia,<br />

europe and united states<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 57


58<br />

IndústrIa Industry<br />

a produção, passo a passo the productIon, step BY step<br />

Enquanto na Escandinávia a capaci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> produção fl orestal é <strong>de</strong> 5 m 3<br />

por hectare por ano, a média brasileira<br />

é <strong>de</strong> 35 a 40 m 3 , e, segundo Alípio,<br />

na Veracel é <strong>de</strong> 50 m 3 . Além disso, na<br />

Escandinávia, o intervalo entre o momento<br />

<strong>da</strong> plantação e a colheita dura<br />

35 anos, enquanto no Brasil são necessários<br />

apenas sete anos.<br />

crIse e retoma<strong>da</strong><br />

Antônio Sérgio Alípio atribui o excelente<br />

<strong>de</strong>sempenho <strong>da</strong> fábrica ao potencial<br />

dos equipamentos, que dão conta <strong>de</strong>sta capaci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> produção, à disponibili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>da</strong> matéria-prima – eucalipto<br />

bastante homogêneo e <strong>de</strong> quali<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> – e à mão-<strong>de</strong>obra<br />

qualifi ca<strong>da</strong>. “Esse conjunto <strong>de</strong> fatores permitiu que,<br />

ao longo <strong>de</strong>sses cinco anos, a performance <strong>da</strong> empresa<br />

fosse muito satisfatória. O maior atestado que po<strong>de</strong>mos<br />

<strong>da</strong>r dos resultados <strong>da</strong> Veracel é que os acionistas têm um<br />

forte <strong>de</strong>sejo <strong>de</strong> fazer a duplicação <strong>de</strong>ssa fábrica”, informa<br />

o presi<strong>de</strong>nte.<br />

No momento, são realiza<strong>da</strong>s, pelo IMA, ofi cinas preparatórias<br />

nos municípios que atuam como polos <strong>de</strong> atuação<br />

<strong>da</strong> indústria para a audiência pública referente ao Projeto<br />

<strong>de</strong> Ampliação <strong>da</strong> Fábrica Veracel II. A nova uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> indus-<br />

1 - O eucalipto leva <strong>de</strong> 6 a 7 anos para crescer.<br />

Depois, a planta está pronta para corte e<br />

transporte para a fábrica.<br />

Eucalyptus takes seven years to grow. At the end<br />

of this period, the tree is ready to the next stage,<br />

harvesting and transportation to the mill.<br />

2 - Com a chega<strong>da</strong><br />

na fábrica, começa<br />

o tratamento físicoquímico<br />

para a<br />

obtenção <strong>da</strong> fi bra <strong>de</strong><br />

celulose.<br />

At the arrival to the<br />

mill, a new process is started: Physical-chemical<br />

treatment, to obtain pulp fi bers.<br />

3 – Na fábrica, as toras são leva<strong>da</strong>s aos picadores<br />

para ser transforma<strong>da</strong>s em cavacos, pequenos<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

Veracel é uma empresa baiana, fruto <strong>da</strong> parceria <strong>de</strong> duas lí<strong>de</strong>res lí<strong>de</strong>res lí<strong>de</strong>res internacionais internacionais internacionais no<br />

A setor <strong>de</strong> celulose e papel: a sueco-fi nlan<strong>de</strong>sa Stora Enso e a brasileira Fibria, resulresul- tante <strong>da</strong> fusão <strong>da</strong>s operações entre a Aracruz e a Votorantim Celulose e Papel (VCP).<br />

No fi nal <strong>de</strong> 2007, os acionistas <strong>de</strong>ram sinal ver<strong>de</strong> para o início do processo <strong>de</strong> licencia- licencia-<br />

mento ambiental, protocolado no IMA em 17 <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>zembro <strong>de</strong> 2007. Em junho <strong>de</strong> 2009,<br />

a Veracel teve o termo <strong>de</strong> referência para o Estudo e Relatório <strong>de</strong> Impacto Ambiental<br />

(EIA/Rima) aprovado pelo Conselho Estadual <strong>de</strong> Meio Ambiente (Cepram). A Veracel<br />

nasceu com o propósito <strong>de</strong> ser um projeto integrado. Há cinco anos, era a maior fábrica<br />

<strong>de</strong> linha única no mundo. Atualmente há empresas maiores, e ela passou a fi gurar entre<br />

as três maiores do mundo em capaci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> produção e a segun<strong>da</strong> no Brasil.<br />

I<br />

Fusão internacional<br />

NTERNATIONAL MERGER Veracel is a <strong>Bahia</strong>n enterprise, resulting from a joint venture by two international<br />

Ipulp pulp and paper companies: Swedish-Finnish Stora Enso and Brazilian Fibria, which in turn resulted from the<br />

merger of Aracruz and Votorantim Celulose e Papel (VCP). At the end of 2007, the sharehol<strong>de</strong>rs dropped the fl ag<br />

for the start of environmental licensing, fi led with IMA on December 17, 2007. In June of 2009, Veracel had the<br />

reference term for the Environmental Impact Study and Report (EIA/Rima) approved by the State Council for<br />

the Environment (Cepram). Veracel was conceived with the purpose of being an integrated project. Five years ago,<br />

it was the largest single-line mill in the world. Now, there are larger companies, and it became one of the world’s<br />

three largest in production capacity, and second in Brazil.<br />

between 35 and 40 cubic m and, according to Alípio, Veracel’s<br />

is 50 cubic m. In addition, in Scandinavia, the lead-time<br />

between planting and harvesting is 35 years, while in Brazil<br />

this period is only seven years.<br />

Crisis aNd resumpTiON<br />

Antônio Sérgio Alípio says that such an excellent performance<br />

of the mill is due to equipment, nee<strong>de</strong>d to handle<br />

this production capacity, to availability of input material<br />

– homogeneous, high quality eucalyptus – and to qualifi ed<br />

labor. “This set of factors has been allowing a very much<br />

satisfactory performance along these fi ve years. The best<br />

evi<strong>de</strong>nce we have to attest the Veracel’s results is the strong<br />

wish of sharehol<strong>de</strong>rs to double the mill”, the CEO says.<br />

pe<strong>da</strong>ços <strong>de</strong> ma<strong>de</strong>ira, que são<br />

estocados em pilhas e transportados por<br />

correias até o digestor – um vaso <strong>de</strong> pressão<br />

na forma <strong>de</strong> torre que funciona como uma<br />

panela <strong>de</strong> pressão.<br />

At the mill, logs are sent to grin<strong>de</strong>rs, to<br />

become chips, small pieces of wood, which<br />

are piled up and taken by a conveyor belt to<br />

digesters, a tower-like boiler, resembling<br />

a giant pressure cook.<br />

4 – Lá se cozinham<br />

os cavacos com uma<br />

substância à base <strong>de</strong><br />

so<strong>da</strong> cáustica e sulfeto<br />

<strong>de</strong> sódio chama<strong>da</strong> licor<br />

branco.<br />

Chips are cooked in<br />

a substance formed<br />

by caustic so<strong>da</strong> and<br />

sodium sulfi <strong>de</strong>, the so-called white liquor.<br />

5 – Na ma<strong>de</strong>ira, as fi bras estão uni<strong>da</strong>s pela<br />

lignina, que funciona como uma espécie <strong>de</strong><br />

cola. No cozimento, essa cola é retira<strong>da</strong> e as<br />

fi bras são separa<strong>da</strong>s.<br />

O cozimento realiza-se<br />

do topo até o centro do<br />

digestor. Do centro até<br />

a parte inferior, ocorre<br />

a lavagem para retirar<br />

a solução residual,<br />

que é o resultado <strong>da</strong><br />

reação <strong>da</strong> lignina <strong>da</strong><br />

ma<strong>de</strong>ira com o licor<br />

branco. Isto é chamado<br />

<strong>de</strong> licor preto fraco, utilizado na cal<strong>de</strong>ira <strong>de</strong><br />

recuperação como combustível.<br />

In the tree, the fi bers are kept together by<br />

lignin, which works as a kind of glue. With<br />

cooking, this glue is removed and the fi bers are<br />

separate. Cooking happens from the top to the<br />

center of the digester. From the center to the<br />

bottom, there is the washing process, inten<strong>de</strong>d<br />

to remove the residual solution, which is the<br />

result of a reaction of wood lignin and the white<br />

liquor, the so-called weak black liquor, used as<br />

fuel in recovery boilers.<br />

6- Pela cal<strong>de</strong>ira passam tubos contendo água,<br />

que é aqueci<strong>da</strong> até a vaporização. O vapor<br />

segue por tubulações: o <strong>de</strong> baixa pressão<br />

vai para o processo <strong>de</strong> produção, e o <strong>de</strong> alta


trial será construí<strong>da</strong> ao lado <strong>da</strong> fábrica já existente, no município<br />

<strong>de</strong> Eunápolis.<br />

Com a crise internacional inicia<strong>da</strong> no final <strong>de</strong> 2008 e estendi<strong>da</strong><br />

até meados <strong>de</strong> 2009, os acionistas <strong>de</strong>cidiram suspen<strong>de</strong>r<br />

alguns investimentos, e a medi<strong>da</strong> se refletiu também<br />

na Veracel. “Já estávamos fazendo todo o projeto <strong>de</strong><br />

engenharia <strong>da</strong> nova fábrica e o trabalho foi suspenso temporariamente,<br />

mas será retomado”, garante Alípio.<br />

Em entrevista no ano passado, o presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> Fibria,<br />

Carlos Aguiar, informou que a direção <strong>da</strong> acionista brasileira<br />

<strong>da</strong> Veracel já aprovou o plantio <strong>de</strong> floresta na região<br />

e aguar<strong>da</strong> apenas um aval <strong>da</strong> Stora Enso. “Já voltamos a<br />

conversar com a Stora Enso no sentido <strong>de</strong> reiniciar os plantios<br />

para a Veracel II. Antes <strong>da</strong> crise, iniciamos o plantio nas<br />

áreas nas quais já possuíamos licença (ambiental) e chegamos<br />

a iniciar o estudo <strong>de</strong> viabili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>. Mas, com a crise,<br />

paralisamos todo o processo. Agora, po<strong>de</strong>mos dizer que<br />

ambas as empresas estão em situação <strong>de</strong> po<strong>de</strong>r caminhar<br />

novamente”, afirma Aguiar.<br />

emprego e ren<strong>da</strong><br />

A proposta é, após a concessão <strong>da</strong> licença ambiental,<br />

ampliar a área planta<strong>da</strong> para, em meados <strong>de</strong> 2014, estar em<br />

condições <strong>de</strong> iniciar a nova fábrica. A previsão <strong>de</strong> término é<br />

<strong>de</strong> 26 meses após o início <strong>da</strong> obra. “A Veracel é nossa priori<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>,<br />

porque já temos cerca <strong>de</strong> 35% <strong>da</strong>s necessi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s<br />

pressão passa<br />

por turbinas<br />

<strong>de</strong> geração <strong>de</strong><br />

energia elétrica,<br />

usa<strong>da</strong> na<br />

própria fábrica.<br />

O exce<strong>de</strong>nte é<br />

vendido através<br />

<strong>da</strong> re<strong>de</strong> geral <strong>de</strong> distribuição.<br />

The boiler is crossed by water pipes, which are<br />

heated for steam. Steam travels in pipelines: lowpressure<br />

steam is then directed to the productive<br />

process, and the high-pressure steam is sent to<br />

electric energy turbines. This electric energy<br />

is used by the mill itself, with the surplus being<br />

marketed to the public grid.<br />

7 – Na <strong>de</strong>puração, a celulose industrial<br />

é submeti<strong>da</strong> à ação <strong>de</strong> peneiramento –<br />

durante a lavagem, as impurezas solúveis são<br />

removi<strong>da</strong>s, mas, para obter uma celulose <strong>de</strong><br />

alta quali<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>, <strong>de</strong>vem-se remover também as<br />

impurezas sóli<strong>da</strong>s.<br />

Next, there is the <strong>de</strong>puration, a process<br />

in which industrial pulp is sieved – during<br />

washing, soluble impurities are removed,<br />

but solid impurities must also be removed<br />

for high quality pulp.<br />

8 – Em segui<strong>da</strong>, a celulose é branquea<strong>da</strong>,<br />

ou seja, é trata<strong>da</strong> com produtos químicos:<br />

peróxido <strong>de</strong> hidrogênio, dióxido <strong>de</strong> cloro,<br />

oxigênio e so<strong>da</strong> cáustica. Essa operação ocorre<br />

em quatro estágios diferentes, com seus<br />

respectivos filtros lavadores.<br />

Next, pulp is bleached, that is, it un<strong>de</strong>rgoes a<br />

chemical treatment: hydrogen peroxi<strong>de</strong>, chlori<strong>de</strong><br />

dioxi<strong>de</strong>, oxygen and caustic so<strong>da</strong>. It is a four-stage<br />

operation with their respective washing filters.<br />

9 – No último estágio do processo <strong>da</strong> produção,<br />

a celulose é novamente peneira<strong>da</strong> e envia<strong>da</strong><br />

para a secagem, on<strong>de</strong> a água é retira<strong>da</strong> até<br />

atingir o ponto <strong>de</strong> equilíbrio com a umi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

relativa do meio ambiente. Assim, a celulose já<br />

está pronta para comercialização.<br />

At the last stage of the productive process,<br />

pulp is sieved again and dried up to be in<br />

balance with the environment relative humidity.<br />

Therefore, pulp is ready to be marketed.<br />

At this moment, IMA has been holding preparatory workshops<br />

in the municipalities where the company operates for<br />

the Public Hearing about the Project for Mill Expansion Veracel<br />

II. The new industrial unit is to be built besi<strong>de</strong> the existing<br />

mill, in the municipality of Eunápolis.<br />

With the international crisis started at the end of 2008<br />

and exten<strong>de</strong>d through mid-2009, the sharehol<strong>de</strong>rs had<br />

<strong>de</strong>ci<strong>de</strong>d to halt some investments and the measure was<br />

reflected also at Veracel. “We were already <strong>de</strong>veloping<br />

the engineering project for the new plant, and the work<br />

was temporarily suspen<strong>de</strong>d, but it will be resumed soon”,<br />

Alípio ensures.<br />

In an interview last year, Fibria’s CEO Carlos Aguiar said<br />

that the top management of the Veracel’s Brazilian sharehol<strong>de</strong>r<br />

has already approved exten<strong>de</strong>d forest planting in<br />

the region, and is awaiting only an endorsement by Stora<br />

Enso. “We resumed talks with Stora Enso concerning restart<br />

of plantation for Veracel II. Before the crisis erupted, we had<br />

already started planting in areas where we already had (environmental)<br />

license, and started the feasibility study. With<br />

the crisis, the process was halted. Now, we can say that both<br />

companies are positioned to start walking forward again”,<br />

Aguiar says.<br />

JOB aNd iNCOme<br />

After the environmental license is granted, the plans<br />

call for an expansion of the planted area, so that the new<br />

10 – A produção é transporta<strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong> fábrica para o<br />

Terminal Marítimo <strong>de</strong> Belmonte, on<strong>de</strong> a carga <strong>de</strong><br />

celulose é transferi<strong>da</strong> para as barcaças que farão o<br />

transporte em 24 horas até o Portocel, em Aracruz,<br />

Espírito Santo. De lá, as empresas acionistas fazem suas<br />

exportações. O produto vai ser adquirido por fábricas<br />

em vários lugares do mundo para produzir papel.<br />

Production is shipped from the mill to the Belmonte<br />

Marine Terminal. There, the product is transferred to<br />

barges to be shipped in 24 hours to Portocel, in Aracruz,<br />

Espírito Santo. There, the shareholding companies make<br />

their exports. The product is acquired by manufacturers<br />

from around the world for the production of paper.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 59


IndústrIa Industry<br />

60<br />

fl orestais para o projeto e po<strong>de</strong>mos plantar outros 12% em<br />

2010, com as licenças que a empresa possui”, acrescenta o<br />

presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> Fibria.<br />

A Veracel I custou aos acionistas, aproxima<strong>da</strong>mente,<br />

R$ 3 bilhões. Na época, representou o maior investimento<br />

realizado na <strong>Bahia</strong>. “Uma característica importante <strong>de</strong>sse<br />

investimento é que ele acontece no interior e nenhum Estado<br />

po<strong>de</strong> se <strong>de</strong>senvolver sem alavancar o interior”, avalia<br />

Antônio Sérgio Alípio.<br />

Só em 2009 foram 3,1 mil empregos diretos permanentes,<br />

sendo que a ca<strong>de</strong>ia produtiva atinge 30 mil postos<br />

<strong>de</strong> trabalho. Mais <strong>de</strong> 85% <strong>da</strong> mão-<strong>de</strong>-obra é oriun<strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>da</strong> região. A expectativa é que, com a duplicação <strong>da</strong> produção,<br />

dobre também a quanti<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> trabalhadores<br />

contratados. “A Veracel gera uma nova ca<strong>de</strong>ia <strong>de</strong> produtos,<br />

<strong>de</strong> novos negócios e novas empresas, que trazem<br />

tecnologia, emprego e ren<strong>da</strong> para a região sul do Estado”,<br />

resume Alípio.<br />

cOmpROmissO cOm O meiO ambienTe<br />

Mesmo com a legislação brasileira <strong>de</strong>terminando<br />

que qualquer produtor<br />

rural <strong>de</strong>ve <strong>de</strong>stinar 20% <strong>da</strong> área para<br />

reserva legal e 10% para a preservação permanente,<br />

na Veracel, a fi losofi a que permeia a<br />

política <strong>de</strong> preservação ambiental é diferente.<br />

Para ca<strong>da</strong> hectare <strong>de</strong> fl oresta planta<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong> eucalipto,<br />

a Veracel mantém um hectare <strong>de</strong> área<br />

protegi<strong>da</strong> ou em recuperação.<br />

“Nosso maior ativo, além <strong>da</strong>s pessoas, é o<br />

meio ambiente. Por isso, enten<strong>de</strong>mos que <strong>de</strong>vemos<br />

cui<strong>da</strong>r muito bem <strong>de</strong>le. Isso se dá através<br />

<strong>da</strong> boa relação entre a fl oresta planta<strong>da</strong> e<br />

a área protegi<strong>da</strong>”, justifi ca Antônio Sérgio Alípio,<br />

pontuando ain<strong>da</strong> sobre a preocupação <strong>da</strong><br />

empresa <strong>de</strong> levar para a região uma ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

econômica sustentável <strong>de</strong> longo prazo.<br />

O novo projeto exigirá mais 80 mil hectares<br />

<strong>de</strong> plantio <strong>de</strong> eucaliptos. Com licença ambiental<br />

para o plantio <strong>de</strong> 92 mil hectares numa<br />

área <strong>de</strong> dois milhões <strong>de</strong> hectares no sul <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>, no ano passado, a área <strong>de</strong> plantio <strong>da</strong> Veracel<br />

somava 90.599 hectares, distribuídos nos<br />

municípios <strong>de</strong> Eunápolis, Belmonte, Santa Cruz<br />

Cabrália, Itapebi, Itagimirim, Mascote, Canavieiras,<br />

Itabela, Porto Seguro e Guaratinga.<br />

Já as áreas protegi<strong>da</strong>s para conservação<br />

manti<strong>da</strong>s pela empresa totalizam 105.367<br />

hectares. Os números incluem as áreas <strong>de</strong><br />

preservação permanente (APP) e as reservas<br />

legais (RL), entre elas, a Reserva Particular do<br />

Patrimônio Natural Estação Veracel, com seis<br />

mil hectares, on<strong>de</strong> são <strong>de</strong>senvolvidos projetos<br />

<strong>de</strong> pesquisa e <strong>de</strong> educação ambiental.<br />

“A Veracel não está <strong>de</strong> passagem na<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong> como estiveram no passado as serrarias.<br />

É um investimento muito gran<strong>de</strong>. A fábrica <strong>de</strong><br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

celulose e o plantio <strong>de</strong> eucalipto não têm portabili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>,<br />

portanto, não po<strong>de</strong>m sair <strong>da</strong>qui.<br />

Consequentemente, tem que ser algo sustentável”,<br />

<strong>de</strong>fen<strong>de</strong> Alípio.<br />

Só em 2009 a Veracel investiu R$ 11 milhões<br />

nos 10 municípios <strong>da</strong> sua área <strong>de</strong> atuação<br />

em iniciativas e projetos <strong>de</strong> geração <strong>de</strong><br />

ren<strong>da</strong>, saú<strong>de</strong> e educação. “Acreditamos que<br />

a base <strong>da</strong> relação é o diálogo permanente e<br />

transparente. Apesar <strong>de</strong> todo o potencial <strong>da</strong><br />

região, não po<strong>de</strong>mos fazer na<strong>da</strong> sozinhos. Temos<br />

que ser parceiros <strong>da</strong> socie<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>. Aí, sim, é<br />

possível fazer transformações sociais duradouras”,<br />

argumenta.<br />

commiTTed wiTh The environmenT<br />

Even with the Brazilian law <strong>de</strong>termining that<br />

any rural producer must set asi<strong>de</strong> 20% of<br />

the area for legal reserve and 10% for permanent<br />

protection, at Veracel there is a different<br />

philosophy governing its environmental preservation<br />

policy. For each hectare of eucalyptus<br />

planted forest, Veracel keeps another hectare<br />

with protected or un<strong>de</strong>r restoration area.<br />

“Our major asset, in addition to people, is<br />

the environment. In line with this, we have to<br />

care about it. This is accomplished through the<br />

good relationship between the planted forest<br />

and the protected area”, justifi es Antônio Sérgio<br />

Alípio, stressing also the company’s concern<br />

about taking to the region an economic<br />

activity that is sustainable in the long run.<br />

The new project will require additional 80<br />

thousand hectares of eucalyptus planting. With<br />

an environmental license to plant 92 thousand<br />

hectares in an area of 2 million hectares in southern<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>, the Veracel’s planted area totaled<br />

plant may be started in mid-2014. Works shall be conclu<strong>de</strong>d<br />

within 26 months after their start. “Veracel is a priority to us<br />

for we already have about 35% of the forest nee<strong>de</strong>d for the<br />

project, and we might plant another 12% in 2010, with the<br />

licenses already granted”, the Fibria’s CEO adds.<br />

Veracel I has cost sharehol<strong>de</strong>rs approximately R$ 3 billion.<br />

At the time, it was the largest investment ma<strong>de</strong> in <strong>Bahia</strong>. “A<br />

remarkable characteristic of this investment is that it is ma<strong>de</strong><br />

in the countrysi<strong>de</strong>, and no State can <strong>de</strong>velop itself without leveraging<br />

its countrysi<strong>de</strong>”, assesses Antônio Sérgio Alípio.<br />

In 2009 alone, there were 3.1 thousand direct permanent<br />

jobs, with the production chain reaching 30 thousand<br />

job posts. More than 85% of the labor is sourced in the region.<br />

With the doubled production, we expect to double<br />

the number of hired workers as well. “Veracel generates a<br />

new production chain, with new businesses and new companies,<br />

bringing technology, employment and income for<br />

the State’s southern region”, Alípio conclu<strong>de</strong>s.<br />

90,599 hectares last year, distributed in the municipalities<br />

of Eunápolis, Belmonte, Santa Cruz<br />

Cabrália, Itapebi, Itagimirim, Mascote, Canavieiras,<br />

Itabela, Porto Seguro and Guaratinga.<br />

The areas protected by the company for<br />

conservation totaled 105,367 thousand hectares.<br />

These fi gures inclu<strong>de</strong> Areas of Permanent<br />

Preservation (APP) and Legal Reserves<br />

(RL), among them the Veracel Station Private<br />

Reserve of Natural Heritage, with 6 thousand<br />

hectares, where research and environmental<br />

education projects are <strong>de</strong>veloped.<br />

“Veracel is not staying just for a short while<br />

in <strong>Bahia</strong>, as was the case of sawmills in the past.<br />

It is a huge investment. The pulp mill and the eucalyptus<br />

plantation are not portable; therefore,<br />

they cannot be moved away. Consequently, this<br />

business has to be sustainable”, Alípio <strong>de</strong>fends.<br />

In 2009 alone, Veracel invested R$ 11 million<br />

in the 10 municipalities where it operates in initiatives<br />

and projects for income generation,<br />

health and education. “We believe that the basis<br />

for relationship is a permanent, transparent<br />

dialogue. Although all the region’s potential, we<br />

can do nothing alone. We have to be partners<br />

with society. Only this way we can make longlasting<br />

social transformations”, he conclu<strong>de</strong>s.


IndústrIa Industry<br />

FeiRa<br />

O ‘FENÔMENO‘<br />

alta <strong>de</strong>man<strong>da</strong> leva governo e prefeitura a uma parceria<br />

pOR/By jOÃO EÇA<br />

para implementar novo centro induStrial no municÍpio<br />

fOTOS/PhOTOS jOÃO ALVAREz<br />

high <strong>de</strong>mand leads to a partnership between the government and<br />

the city hall to set up a new industrial center in the municipality<br />

O<br />

crescimento econômico <strong>de</strong> Feira <strong>de</strong> Santana,<br />

segundo maior município baiano, foi tão gran<strong>de</strong><br />

nos últimos anos que o Centro Industrial do Subaé<br />

(CIS) já não tem mais condições <strong>de</strong> aten<strong>de</strong>r<br />

a todos os pedidos que chegam à diretoria solicitando<br />

espaços para a instalação <strong>de</strong> novas fábricas. Diante <strong>da</strong> alta<br />

<strong>de</strong>man<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong> indústrias que querem fi ncar ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s na região, o<br />

governo <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> já iniciou as negociações com a prefeitura visando<br />

a uma parceria para a construção e implementação <strong>de</strong> um novo<br />

distrito industrial na ci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> conheci<strong>da</strong> como Princesa do Sertão.<br />

“Hoje, temos na BR-324 aproxima<strong>da</strong>mente 330 mil metros<br />

quadrados <strong>de</strong> áreas disponíveis para novas fábricas. Porém<br />

a nossa <strong>de</strong>man<strong>da</strong> é altíssima. Temos 66 indústrias na fi la,<br />

querendo se instalar em Feira <strong>de</strong> Santana. Para aten<strong>de</strong>r a estas<br />

empresas, estamos precisando <strong>de</strong> uma área com 800 mil<br />

metros quadrados”, explica o diretor do CIS, José Mercês.<br />

A localização do novo centro industrial já foi escolhi<strong>da</strong>: será nas<br />

margens <strong>da</strong> BR-116, na região conheci<strong>da</strong> como Acesso Norte. O primeiro<br />

passo para a construção do novo polo industrial será a realização<br />

<strong>de</strong> um estudo <strong>de</strong> viabili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> técnica no local. O objetivo é verifi -<br />

car as condições <strong>de</strong> localização e infraestrutura, os possíveis impactos<br />

sociais e ambientais, os critérios para a implantação <strong>da</strong>s indústrias, a<br />

quanti<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> e os tipos <strong>de</strong> fábrica que po<strong>de</strong>rão ser instalados, <strong>de</strong>ntre<br />

outros itens. Para concretizar este estudo, está sendo criado um grupo<br />

<strong>de</strong> trabalho composto por representantes <strong>da</strong> Prefeitura <strong>de</strong> Feira e<br />

<strong>da</strong> Secretaria Estadual <strong>da</strong> Indústria, Comércio e Mineração.<br />

The feira ‘phenomenon’<br />

The economic growth of Feira <strong>de</strong> Santana, <strong>Bahia</strong>’s second-largest<br />

municipality, has been so great in recent<br />

years that CIS (Subaé Industrial Center) can no longer handle<br />

all the requests received by the board for space to set<br />

up new factories. In the face of high <strong>de</strong>mand on the part of<br />

industries that wish to initiate activity in the region, the government<br />

of <strong>Bahia</strong> has already started negotiating with the<br />

city hall to put a partnership in place for the construction<br />

and implementation of a new industrial district in the city,<br />

which is known as the ‘Princess of the Backwoods’.<br />

“To<strong>da</strong>y we have approximately 330 thousand square meters<br />

available for new factories on highway BR-324, but <strong>de</strong>mand<br />

is extremely high. We have a waiting list of 66 industries<br />

wishing to set up in Feira <strong>de</strong> Santana. Just to provi<strong>de</strong> enough<br />

land for these 66 enterprises, at this point we need an 800<br />

square meter area,” explains CIS director José Mercês.<br />

The location of the new industrial center has already been chosen:<br />

on highway BR-116 in the region known as North Access. The<br />

fi rst step for the construction of the new industrial pole is a technical<br />

feasibility study in the location, with the objective of checking<br />

location and infrastructure conditions, possible social and environmental<br />

impact, criteria for industrial implementation, quantity and<br />

kinds of factory to be set up and other matters. A workgroup has<br />

been created comprising representatives of Feira’s city hall and the<br />

State Secretariat for Industry, Tra<strong>de</strong> and Mining.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 61


IndústrIa Industry<br />

62<br />

tarcÍzio pimenta, prefeito<br />

<strong>de</strong> feira <strong>de</strong> Santana<br />

tarcízio pimenta, mayor<br />

of feira <strong>de</strong> santana<br />

A infraestrutura necessária à criação<br />

<strong>de</strong> um centro industrial consiste<br />

basicamente na construção <strong>de</strong> um<br />

sistema viário; instalação <strong>de</strong> re<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong><br />

água, energia elétrica e telecomunicações,<br />

incluindo telefonia fi xa, móvel<br />

e internet; planos <strong>de</strong> segurança<br />

industrial e contra incêndio, além <strong>de</strong><br />

re<strong>de</strong>s <strong>de</strong> transportes interliga<strong>da</strong>s.<br />

“Este grupo <strong>de</strong> trabalho vai i<strong>de</strong>ntifi<br />

car a nova área e criar as condições<br />

jurídico-administrativas para a implantação<br />

do novo centro industrial”,<br />

sentencia o prefeito Tarcízio Pimenta.<br />

Para o gestor, não existe outra saí<strong>da</strong><br />

para garantir a continui<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> do crescimento<br />

<strong>da</strong> ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> industrial no<br />

município: “O CIS já está saturado<br />

em termos <strong>de</strong> área. A solução é expandir<br />

para outro local. E o Acesso<br />

Norte é o local i<strong>de</strong>al, tem capaci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

para receber investimento”.<br />

José Mercês, diretor do CIS, elenca<br />

os fatores e as vantagens que motivaram<br />

a escolha <strong>da</strong>s margens <strong>da</strong> BR-116<br />

para a implantação do novo centro:<br />

“Os terrenos são planos, i<strong>de</strong>ais para as<br />

fábricas. Também vamos po<strong>de</strong>r ocupar<br />

gran<strong>de</strong>s extensões <strong>de</strong> área e não apenas<br />

lotes separados, como na BR-324.<br />

Isso vai permitir um planejamento industrial<br />

a médio e longo prazos”. Mercês<br />

<strong>de</strong>staca, ain<strong>da</strong>, as facili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s para o<br />

escoamento <strong>da</strong> produção. Além disso,<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

a prIncesa do sertão “prIncess oF the BackWoods”<br />

feira <strong>de</strong> Santana conta com o maior entroncamento rodoviário do Norte-Nor<strong>de</strong>ste, sendo<br />

cortado por três estra<strong>da</strong>s fe<strong>de</strong>rais (BRs 324,116 e 101) e quatro estaduais (BAs 052, 502,<br />

503 e 504), com acesso ain<strong>da</strong> para as BRs 242 e 110. A localização em um espaço<br />

geográfico centralizado contribui para a atração e circulação <strong>de</strong> pessoas, produtos e<br />

serviços, oriundos <strong>da</strong>s mais diversas regiões do Brasil, sobretudo do Nor<strong>de</strong>ste.<br />

Feira <strong>de</strong> Santana has the largest highway intersection in the North-Northeast regions of Brazil, with<br />

three fe<strong>de</strong>ral highways (BR-324, BR-116 and BR-101) and four state ones (BA-052, BA-502, BA-503<br />

and BA-504), as well as access to fe<strong>de</strong>ral highways BR-242 and BR-110. Its central location has<br />

contributed to attract people, products and services from all over the country, especially the Northeast.<br />

localiZaÇão: zona <strong>de</strong><br />

planície entre o recôncavo<br />

e os tabuleiros semiáridos<br />

do nor<strong>de</strong>ste baiano.<br />

location: Flatland zone<br />

between Recôncavo and semiarid<br />

tablelands of the Northeast of <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

Fontes: IBgE e site <strong>da</strong> Prefeitura Municipal <strong>de</strong> Feira <strong>de</strong> Santana<br />

há vantagens ambientais, pois os estudos<br />

indicam que, neste local, as possíveis<br />

emissões <strong>de</strong> poluentes irão soprar<br />

para fora do centro urbano <strong>de</strong> Feira.<br />

peso na economIa local<br />

Ocupando o segundo lugar em importância<br />

na economia <strong>de</strong> Feira, o setor<br />

industrial tem gran<strong>de</strong> contribuição na<br />

expansão <strong>da</strong> ci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>. Em 2007, a indústria<br />

repassou aos cofres públicos cerca<br />

<strong>de</strong> R$ 66 milhões em ICMS, correspon-<br />

The infrastructure nee<strong>de</strong>d to create<br />

an industrial center consists of building<br />

a properly paved road system with<br />

clear signs; water, electricity and telecommunications<br />

networks, including<br />

landlines, mobiles and internet; plans<br />

for industrial safety and fi re, as well as<br />

interconnected transport networks.<br />

“This workgroup is going to i<strong>de</strong>ntify<br />

the new area and create the necessary<br />

legal/administrative groundwork<br />

for Feira <strong>de</strong> Santana’s new industrial<br />

center to be implemented,” sentences<br />

Mayor Tarcízio Pimenta. He believes<br />

there is no other way forward that<br />

will ensure ongoing growth of industrial<br />

activity in the municipality. “CIS<br />

is already saturated in terms of land;<br />

they’ve run out of space. The solution<br />

is to expand to another location.<br />

limítes/bor<strong>de</strong>rs:<br />

norte/north – Santa bárbara e/and Santanópolis<br />

sul/south – antônio cardoso e/and São gonçalo<br />

dos campos<br />

leste/east – coração <strong>de</strong> maria<br />

oeste/West – anguera e/and Serra preta<br />

North Access is i<strong>de</strong>al: it has the capacity<br />

to absorb investments.”<br />

CIS director José Mercês lists the<br />

factors and advantages motivating the<br />

choice of land along highway BR-116<br />

for the new center. “In the North Access<br />

the land is fl at, i<strong>de</strong>al for building<br />

factories on. We shall also be able to<br />

occupy large pieces of land, not just<br />

separate plots as along highway BR-<br />

324. This will enable medium and longterm<br />

industrial planning,” explains<br />

Mercês. He also stresses the ease of<br />

production outfl ow and adds that there<br />

are also environmental advantages because<br />

studies show that possible emissions<br />

of pollutants in this location will<br />

be blown away from downtown Feira.<br />

weighT in The local economy<br />

Taking second place in importance<br />

in Feira’s economy, the industrial sector<br />

has a lot to contribute to the city’s<br />

expansion. In 2007, industry contributed<br />

R$ 66 million to public coffers in


Distância <strong>de</strong> Salvador: 108 km<br />

distance from Salvador:<br />

população: 591.707 habitantes<br />

population: 591,707<br />

Economia: comércio, indústria e serviços<br />

economy: tra<strong>de</strong>, industry and services<br />

Área: 1.363 km 2 • pIB: r$ 4.721.367,00 • Ren<strong>da</strong> per capita: r$ 8.254,00<br />

area: 1,363 sq km • gdp: r$ 4,721,367.00 • per capita income: r$ 8,254.00<br />

the form of ICMS (Value-Ad<strong>de</strong>d Tax),<br />

equivalent to 22.98% of the total collected.<br />

In 2008, Feira <strong>de</strong> Santana’s<br />

more than 1.3 thousand legally set<br />

up factories generated 17,707 direct<br />

jobs, equivalent to 21% of the total<br />

83,443 jobs generated by all sectors<br />

of economic activity in the same year,<br />

according to <strong>da</strong>ta provi<strong>de</strong>d by the<br />

Ministry of Labor and Employment to<br />

CDL (Chamber of Shop Owners in Feira<br />

<strong>de</strong> Santana). In terms of number of<br />

jobs, industry is second to only the services<br />

sector (29,765) and tra<strong>de</strong> (29,009).<br />

Feira’s industries are located in both<br />

the municipality’s urban area and the two<br />

CIS nucleuses created in the 1970s in the<br />

neighborhood of Tomba and on highway<br />

BR-324. There are about 189 industries<br />

in the latter two, producing paper, cardboard,<br />

packaging, food, rubber, beer,<br />

chemicals, metallurgical products, electric<br />

and transport materials, domestic utilities,<br />

clothing, footwear and cloth articles.<br />

The CIS nucleuses lodge large industries<br />

feira <strong>de</strong> santana<br />

Sources: IBgE and website of Feira <strong>de</strong> Santana Municipal Administration<br />

<strong>de</strong>ndo a 22,98% do total arreca<strong>da</strong>do.<br />

Em 2008, as mais <strong>de</strong> 1.300 fábricas instala<strong>da</strong>s<br />

formalmente em Feira empregaram<br />

diretamente 17.707 pessoas, o<br />

que representa 21% do total <strong>de</strong> 83.443<br />

postos <strong>de</strong> trabalhos gerados por todos<br />

os setores <strong>da</strong> ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> econômica, no<br />

mesmo ano, <strong>de</strong> acordo com os <strong>da</strong>dos<br />

do Ministério do Trabalho enviados à<br />

Câmara dos Dirigentes Lojistas <strong>de</strong> Feira<br />

<strong>de</strong> Santana. Em número <strong>de</strong> empregos,<br />

o setor ficou atrás somente do <strong>de</strong> serviços<br />

(29.765) e comércio (29.009).<br />

such as Pneus Pirelli, Cervejaria Kaiser,<br />

Frigorífico Perdigão, Brasfrut, Nestlé and<br />

Vipal. In addition, there are approximately<br />

400 small and medium-sized garment<br />

factories in the city’s urban area.<br />

“We’ve had proposals from industrial<br />

sectors such as marble, motor<br />

vehicle parts, clothing, and computer<br />

assembly. Feira has huge potential in<br />

the sector and can attract an array of<br />

different kinds of industry because of<br />

its location. It is the main highway intersection<br />

in the Northeast of Brazil,”<br />

says Mayor Tarcízio Pimenta.<br />

According to the Mayor, other attractive<br />

factors are tax breaks offered<br />

by the city hall, with part or full exemption<br />

from ICMS (Value-Ad<strong>de</strong>d Tax on<br />

Sales and Services) and IPI (Excise Tax),<br />

and ease of access to credit.<br />

apenaS o comércio emprega<br />

maiS do que a indúStria<br />

only commerce employs more<br />

than the industry<br />

As indústrias <strong>de</strong> Feira estão localiza<strong>da</strong>s<br />

tanto na região urbana como<br />

nos dois núcleos do CIS, criado na déca<strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>de</strong> 1970: no bairro do Tomba e<br />

na BR-324. São aproxima<strong>da</strong>mente 189<br />

indústrias instala<strong>da</strong>s, atuando principalmente<br />

na fabricação <strong>de</strong> papel, papelão,<br />

embalagens, alimentos, borracha,<br />

cervejas, no ramo <strong>da</strong> química, metalurgia,<br />

material elétrico e <strong>de</strong> transportes,<br />

eletrodomésticos, vestuário, calçados e<br />

artefatos <strong>de</strong> tecidos. O CIS abriga empresas<br />

<strong>de</strong> gran<strong>de</strong> porte, como Pneus<br />

Pirelli, Cervejaria Kaiser, Frigorífico Perdigão,<br />

Brasfrut, Nestlé e Vipal. Na parte<br />

urbana, há cerca <strong>de</strong> 400 pequenas e<br />

médias fábricas do ramo <strong>de</strong> confecção.<br />

“Já recebemos propostas <strong>de</strong> indústrias<br />

<strong>de</strong> mármore, peças automotivas,<br />

confecção, montagem <strong>de</strong> computadores.<br />

To<strong>da</strong>s aguar<strong>da</strong>ndo a criação do novo<br />

centro. Feira tem gran<strong>de</strong> potencial no setor<br />

e facili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> atrair vários tipos <strong>de</strong> indústria,<br />

<strong>de</strong>vido à localização. É o principal<br />

entroncamento rodoviário do Nor<strong>de</strong>ste”,<br />

<strong>de</strong>fine o prefeito Tarcízio Pimenta.<br />

Outro importante atrativo, segundo<br />

ele, são os incentivos fiscais oferecidos<br />

pela prefeitura, com isenções<br />

totais ou parciais no ICMS (Imposto<br />

sobre Circulação <strong>de</strong> Mercadorias e<br />

Serviços) e no IPI (Imposto sobre Produtos<br />

Industrializados) e facili<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s<br />

<strong>de</strong> acesso ao crédito.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 63


64<br />

bons negÓcIos good busIness<br />

Sisal<br />

certifi cado<br />

O Ibametro certifi cou a<br />

Associação <strong>de</strong> Desenvolvimento<br />

Sustentável e Solidário <strong>da</strong> Região Sisaleira (Apaeb), com se<strong>de</strong> em Valente,<br />

com o selo <strong>de</strong> quali<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> Inmetro para a fi bra benefi cia<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong> sisal. A<br />

certifi cação é uma conquista do pequeno produtor rural baiano, que, a<br />

partir <strong>de</strong> agora, está qualifi cado para ven<strong>de</strong>r o produto para o exterior.<br />

O Brasil é o maior produtor e exportador <strong>de</strong> fi bras <strong>de</strong> sisal do mundo,<br />

sendo que a <strong>Bahia</strong> concentra 90% <strong>da</strong> produção nacional.<br />

SISAL CERTIFIED<br />

Ibametro has certifi ed Apaeb (Association for Sustainable and Soli<strong>da</strong>ry<br />

Development of the Sisal Producing Region), headquartered in Valente, with<br />

the Inmetro quality seal for processed sisal fi ber. The certifi cation is a quite<br />

an achievement for <strong>Bahia</strong>’s small rural producers, who are now qualifi ed to<br />

sell their products abroad. Brazil is the world’s largest producer and exporter<br />

of sisal fi bers, with <strong>Bahia</strong> concentrating 90% of the national production.<br />

Latinhas em Alagoinhas<br />

Lí<strong>de</strong>r mundial na fabricação <strong>de</strong> latas <strong>de</strong> alumínio,<br />

a Latapack-Ball, joint venture entre a brasileira Latapack e a<br />

norte-americana Ball Corporation, está investindo R$ 220<br />

milhões na <strong>Bahia</strong>. Para a nova planta industrial <strong>de</strong> Alagoinhas, serão<br />

<strong>de</strong>stinados R$ 180 milhões para a produção <strong>de</strong> um bilhão <strong>de</strong> latas,<br />

Primeira refi naria priva<strong>da</strong><br />

Já está em operação, no Polo Industrial <strong>de</strong> Camaçari, a<br />

Dax-Oil, primeira refi naria <strong>de</strong> petróleo priva<strong>da</strong> na <strong>Bahia</strong> e<br />

a terceira do País. Com investimentos <strong>de</strong> R$ 20 milhões e<br />

<strong>de</strong>senvolvi<strong>da</strong> em parceria com a Universi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> Fe<strong>de</strong>ral <strong>da</strong><br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>, a Dax vai gerar, em plena operação, 100 empregos<br />

diretos e processar 2,5 mil barris <strong>de</strong> petróleo/dia. Des<strong>de</strong> 2005,<br />

a empresa já produz solventes.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

Ampliação em Itabuna<br />

A gigante <strong>de</strong> alimentos Nestlé ampliou a sua<br />

fábrica em Itabuna, on<strong>de</strong> passou a produzir<br />

o achocolatado Nescau pronto para beber. A<br />

empresa investiu R$ 7,8 milhões na ampliação<br />

<strong>da</strong> uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> para aten<strong>de</strong>r à crescente <strong>de</strong>man<strong>da</strong> <strong>de</strong><br />

consumo nas regiões Norte/Nor<strong>de</strong>ste, aumentando em<br />

20% a captação <strong>de</strong> leite no Estado – hoje em 40 milhões<br />

<strong>de</strong> litros <strong>de</strong> leite por ano. A uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> itabunense ain<strong>da</strong><br />

produz o leite em pó Ninho e o composto lácteo I<strong>de</strong>al.<br />

EXPANSION IN ITABUNA<br />

Food giant Nestlé has expan<strong>de</strong>d its factory in Itabuna, to<br />

start producing its ready-to-drink Nescau chocolate milk.<br />

The company invested R$ 7.8 million in the expansion of<br />

the unit to meet the increasing <strong>de</strong>mand for consumption in<br />

the North/Northeast regions, increasing milk collection in<br />

the State by 20% – now at 40 million liters of milk a year.<br />

The unit in Itabuna produces also Ninho pow<strong>de</strong>red milk<br />

and I<strong>de</strong>al milk mix.<br />

enquanto R$ 40 milhões vão para a<br />

uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> Simões Filho, aumentando a<br />

produção <strong>de</strong> 2,4 bilhões para 3,3 bilhões<br />

<strong>de</strong> tampas.<br />

CANS IN ALAGOINHAS<br />

Worldwi<strong>de</strong> lea<strong>de</strong>r in manufacturing<br />

aluminum cans, Latapack-Ball, a joint venture<br />

between Brazilian company Latapack and US<br />

company Ball Corporation, is investing R$ 220 million<br />

in <strong>Bahia</strong>. For the new industrial plant in Alagoinhas, R$ 180 million<br />

will be allocated for the production of 1 billion cans, while R$ 40<br />

million are inten<strong>de</strong>d for the unit in Simões Filho, therefore increasing<br />

production from 2.4 to 3.3 billion.<br />

FIRST PRIVATE REFINERY<br />

Dax-Oil, the fi rst private petroleum refi nery in <strong>Bahia</strong> and third<br />

in the country has already started operations in the Camaçari<br />

Industrial Pole. With investments of R$ 20 million and <strong>de</strong>veloped in<br />

partnership with the Fe<strong>de</strong>ral University of <strong>Bahia</strong>, Dax will generate<br />

100 jobs in full operation, to process 2.5 thousand oil barrels a <strong>da</strong>y.<br />

The company has been producing solvents since 2005.


Nova fábrica <strong>de</strong> cimento<br />

Um dos maiores conglomerados do País, o Grupo Votorantim vai<br />

instalar na <strong>Bahia</strong> uma <strong>de</strong> suas oito novas fábricas <strong>de</strong> cimento. Com<br />

investimentos previstos <strong>de</strong> R$ 390 milhões, a fábrica terá uma<br />

produção anual <strong>de</strong> 1,2 milhão <strong>de</strong> tonela<strong>da</strong>s. Os novos investimentos no País chegam a R$ 2,5<br />

bilhões, e a construção <strong>da</strong> nova planta industrial resultou <strong>de</strong> estudos que apontaram a <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

como um dos vetores <strong>de</strong> crescimento do consumo <strong>de</strong> cimento no Brasil.<br />

NEW CEMENT FACTORY A major conglomerate in the country, Grupo Votorantim will<br />

install in <strong>Bahia</strong> one of its eight new cement factories. With investments estimated at R$ 390<br />

million, the factory will produce 1.2 million tons a year. The company’s new investments in the<br />

country reach R$ 2.5 billion, and the construction of the new industrial plant was the result of<br />

studies that pointed <strong>Bahia</strong> as a major vector for growth of cement consumption in Brazil.<br />

O investimento <strong>de</strong> R$ 100 milhões <strong>da</strong><br />

espanhola Gamesa – lí<strong>de</strong>r mundial na<br />

produção e instalação <strong>de</strong> turbinas eólicas, com<br />

fábricas na China, EUA, Índia e Europa – em<br />

uma uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> no Polo <strong>de</strong> Camaçari, confi rma<br />

o gran<strong>de</strong> boom <strong>da</strong> energia eólica (gera<strong>da</strong><br />

por meio do vento) na <strong>Bahia</strong>. A fábrica vai<br />

empregar 100 pessoas na produção <strong>de</strong> hubs e<br />

montagem <strong>de</strong> nacelles para geradores eólicos.<br />

GOOD WINDS FOR BAHIA The R$ 100 million investment by Spanish<br />

company Gamesa – worldwi<strong>de</strong> lea<strong>de</strong>r in the production and installation of wind<br />

turbines, with factories in China, USA, India and Europe – in a unit in the Pole of<br />

Camaçari confi rms the boom of wind energy in <strong>Bahia</strong>. The plant will employ 100<br />

people in the production of hubs and assembly of nacelles for wind generators.<br />

160 anos se renovando<br />

A<br />

Junta Comercial do<br />

Estado <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> – uma<br />

<strong>da</strong>s mais antigas do Brasil<br />

– completou 160 anos em 2010<br />

e continua se mo<strong>de</strong>rnizando.<br />

Dona do maior banco <strong>de</strong> <strong>da</strong>dos empresariais <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

e responsável pela abertura, em média, <strong>de</strong> 40 mil<br />

empresas por ano, a Juceb também terá a missão <strong>de</strong><br />

legalizar a pessoa que trabalha por conta própria e<br />

transformá-la em um empreen<strong>de</strong>dor individual,<br />

Bons ventos para a <strong>Bahia</strong><br />

Versalhes com jeito baiano<br />

Ampliando<br />

a produção<br />

Uma <strong>da</strong>s maiores indústrias <strong>de</strong> meias e lingeries <strong>da</strong><br />

América Latina e lí<strong>de</strong>r nacional na linha <strong>de</strong> lingeries<br />

sem costura, a TriFil está ampliando a sua fábrica em<br />

Itabuna, aumentando em mais 500 os novos postos <strong>de</strong><br />

trabalho. Estão sendo investidos R$ 23 milhões para<br />

incrementar a produção em 20% – para cerca <strong>de</strong> 10<br />

milhões <strong>de</strong> dúzias <strong>de</strong> uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s –, com aproveitamento<br />

<strong>de</strong> mais <strong>de</strong> 90% <strong>de</strong> mão-<strong>de</strong>-obra <strong>da</strong> região cacaueira.<br />

EXPANDING PRODUCTION A major Latin American<br />

producer of socks and lingerie and domestic lea<strong>de</strong>r in<br />

seamless lingerie, TriFil is expanding its factory in Itabuna,<br />

and generating additional 500 job posts. R$ 23 million are<br />

being invested to expand production by 20% – to about 10<br />

million dozens of units – making use of over 90% of local<br />

Cacao Region labor.<br />

A Saint-Gobain nasceu na França, em 1665, por or<strong>de</strong>m <strong>de</strong> Luiz<br />

XIV, para fabricar os espelhos do Palácio <strong>de</strong> Versalhes. Passados<br />

345 anos, essa gigante do vidro, cerâmica, plástico e abrasivos, presente em 64 países e com<br />

faturamento <strong>de</strong> mais <strong>de</strong> 37 bilhões <strong>de</strong> euros, <strong>de</strong>sembarca na <strong>Bahia</strong> para produzir, no Polo<br />

Industrial <strong>de</strong> Camaçari, vidros planos. São investimentos <strong>de</strong> R$ 350 milhões.<br />

VERSAILLES BAHIA-STYLE Saint-Gobain was born in France, in 1665, by appointment of Louis XIV,<br />

to produce mirrors for the Versailles Palace. After 345 years, that giant of glass, ceramic, plastic and abrasive materials, present in 64 countries with revenues<br />

in excess of 37 billion euros, arrives in <strong>Bahia</strong> to produce fl at glass panels in the Camaçari Industrial Pole. Investments will reach R$ 350 million.<br />

com direito à cobertura <strong>da</strong> Previdência Social, crédito<br />

diferenciado, registro no CNPJ e emissão <strong>de</strong> nota fi scal.<br />

160 YEARS AND RENEWING The <strong>Bahia</strong> Board<br />

of Tra<strong>de</strong> – one of the ol<strong>de</strong>st in Brazil – turned 160 in<br />

2010 while continuing to mo<strong>de</strong>rnize. Boasting the largest<br />

<strong>da</strong>tabase of corporate information in <strong>Bahia</strong>, and responsible<br />

for opening average 40 thousand companies a year, Juceb<br />

will also bear the mission to legalize individuals that work<br />

on their own to turn them into Individual Entrepreneurs,<br />

eligible to coverage by Social Security, differentiated credit<br />

lines, taxpayer registry number, and issuance of invoices.<br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS 65


66<br />

InvestIr na bahIa InvestIng In bahIa<br />

Po<strong>de</strong>-se dizer que a ligação <strong>da</strong><br />

Continental com a <strong>Bahia</strong> é<br />

como um casamento que não<br />

po<strong>de</strong> ser <strong>de</strong>smanchado: é para<br />

sempre. O <strong>de</strong>sejo do nosso grupo é que<br />

através <strong>de</strong>ssa união, a fábrica possa continuar<br />

a crescer e contribuir também<br />

para a construção <strong>de</strong> uma <strong>Bahia</strong> melhor,<br />

porque a missão <strong>da</strong> Continental não é<br />

apenas ser lí<strong>de</strong>r na fabricação <strong>de</strong> pneus<br />

e produtos automotivos, mas também<br />

fomentar o crescimento <strong>da</strong>s ativi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s<br />

industriais para gerar ca<strong>da</strong> vez mais ren<strong>da</strong>,<br />

empregos e <strong>de</strong>senvolvimento para a<br />

comuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>.<br />

Tem sido assim <strong>de</strong>s<strong>de</strong> que começou a<br />

trajetória do Grupo Continental, no ano<br />

<strong>de</strong> 1871, na ci<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> Hannover, na Alemanha,<br />

quando iniciou a fabricação <strong>de</strong><br />

artefatos <strong>de</strong> borracha flexível e pneus maciços<br />

para carruagens e bicicletas. Naquela<br />

época ain<strong>da</strong> não se podia imaginar,<br />

mas, após 136 anos, a Continental fincou<br />

os pés na <strong>Bahia</strong>, inaugurando, com a presença<br />

do presi<strong>de</strong>nte Lula, a sua primeira<br />

fábrica <strong>de</strong> pneus no Brasil, localiza<strong>da</strong> no<br />

Polo Industrial <strong>de</strong> Camaçari.<br />

Dentre os fatores <strong>de</strong>cisivos para a escolha<br />

<strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> estavam os incentivos concedidos<br />

pelo governo, além <strong>de</strong> avaliações<br />

positivas em questões como<br />

logística e localização estratégica, por<br />

contar com a proximi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> um porto<br />

para facilitar o recebimento <strong>de</strong> matériaprima<br />

e o escoamento <strong>da</strong> produção. Também<br />

a existência <strong>de</strong> cursos <strong>de</strong> engenharia<br />

e profissionalizantes no Estado pesou a<br />

favor <strong>da</strong> escolha.<br />

A uni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong> Camaçari é uma <strong>da</strong>s<br />

mais importantes para as operações do<br />

grupo e se utiliza, <strong>de</strong> forma ampla, <strong>da</strong><br />

mão-<strong>de</strong>-obra local. Os baianos atuam em<br />

todos os níveis <strong>da</strong> organização, não apenas<br />

na operação e na supervisão, assumindo<br />

também os cargos gerenciais e <strong>de</strong><br />

li<strong>de</strong>rança em diversos setores estratégicos<br />

e fun<strong>da</strong>mentais.<br />

Muitos <strong>de</strong>les, há pouco tempo, não tinham<br />

nenhum tipo <strong>de</strong> experiência industrial.<br />

Essa barreira foi venci<strong>da</strong> com o treinamento<br />

aplicado e a filosofia <strong>de</strong> gestão <strong>da</strong><br />

bahia oportuni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s - TERRA DE BONS NEgóCIOS<br />

CASAMENTO paRa a eTeRni<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong><br />

pEDRO MATOS *<br />

“a continental quer<br />

creScer e contribuir<br />

para a conStrução <strong>de</strong><br />

uma bahia melhor”<br />

“continental wishes to grow and<br />

contribute to building a better bahia”<br />

Continental, em apostar nas pessoas<br />

como sendo o maior valor <strong>da</strong> empresa.<br />

Ain<strong>da</strong> não foram atingidos os níveis<br />

<strong>de</strong> produtivi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> <strong>da</strong>s nossas fábricas<br />

mais maduras e <strong>de</strong>senvolvi<strong>da</strong>s, porém,<br />

com a união <strong>de</strong> fatores como a motivação<br />

<strong>da</strong> equipe e os investimentos que<br />

têm sido feitos em treinamento e qualificação<br />

profissional, vamos atingir, rapi<strong>da</strong>mente,<br />

os níveis <strong>de</strong> produtivi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong>s que<br />

outras fábricas alcançaram ao longo <strong>de</strong><br />

muitos anos.<br />

A fábrica <strong>da</strong> <strong>Bahia</strong> não é inferior a<br />

nenhuma outra planta <strong>da</strong> Continental<br />

no mundo. Hoje temos uma equipe jovem,<br />

forte e dinâmica e estamos caminhando<br />

na direção certa para alcançar a<br />

maturi<strong>da</strong><strong>de</strong> e os resultados que todos<br />

<strong>de</strong>sejamos.<br />

marriage for eTerniTy<br />

It can be safely stated that the link between<br />

Continental and <strong>Bahia</strong> is like a<br />

marriage that cannot be ripped apart: it is<br />

forever. It is our group’s wish that through<br />

this union the factory will also be able to<br />

grow and contribute to building a better<br />

<strong>Bahia</strong>, because it is not Continental’s mission<br />

merely to be a leading tire and motor<br />

vehicle product manufacturer, but to<br />

foster the growth of industrial activity to<br />

© divulgação/continental<br />

generate more and more income, jobs<br />

and <strong>de</strong>velopment for the community.<br />

It has been thus since Continental<br />

Group’s trajectory started in 1871 in the<br />

German city of Hannover, when it started<br />

manufacturing flexible rubber products<br />

and solid tires for carriages and bicycles.<br />

It could not be imagined at the time, but<br />

after 136 years Continental has gained a<br />

foothold in Brazil with the launch of its first<br />

tire factory in Brazil, in Camaçari Industrial<br />

Pole, in the presence of Presi<strong>de</strong>nt Lula.<br />

Amongst the <strong>de</strong>ciding factors for<br />

choosing <strong>Bahia</strong> were the incentives<br />

granted through the Government, as well<br />

as positive evaluation of matters such as<br />

logistics and strategic location, with the<br />

presence of a port to facilitate reception<br />

of raw material and shipment of production.<br />

The existence of engineering<br />

and vocational courses in the State also<br />

helped tip the scales.<br />

The Camaçari unit is one of the most<br />

important for the group’s operations,<br />

making wi<strong>de</strong> use of local labor. Natives<br />

of <strong>Bahia</strong> are present at all levels in the<br />

organization, not merely operations and<br />

supervision, taking on management and<br />

lea<strong>de</strong>rship positions in different strategic<br />

and key sectors.<br />

Not so long ago, many had no industrial<br />

experience. This barrier was torn<br />

down with Continental’s applied training<br />

and management philosophy, investing in<br />

people as the company’s greatest asset.<br />

The productivity levels of our more<br />

mature and <strong>de</strong>veloped factories have<br />

not yet been attained, but by bringing<br />

together factors such as team motivation<br />

and investment in training and professional<br />

qualification, we shall soon reach<br />

the productivity levels achieved by other<br />

factories over long years.<br />

The <strong>Bahia</strong> factory is second to no other<br />

Continental plant in the world. To<strong>da</strong>y we<br />

have a young, strong and dynamic team,<br />

and we are on the right track to attaining<br />

maturity and the results we all <strong>de</strong>sire.<br />

* pedro matos é diretor-presi<strong>de</strong>nte <strong>da</strong> continental do Brasil<br />

Pedro Matos is the Presi<strong>de</strong>nt-Director of Continental in Brazil

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