USO DO HÁBITAT PELA PREGUIÇA-DE-COLEIRA ... - CNCFlora

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BARRETO, R.M.F. 2007. Uso do Hábitat por Preguiça-de-coleira Bradypus torquatus HABITAT USE TO MANED SLOTHS Bradypus torquatus Illiger 1811, IN SOUTHERN BAHIA, BRAZIL. ABSTRACT Bradypus torquatus (maned sloth) is an important part of the Atlantic Forest deforestation scenario. This endemic species is included in international and national lists of animals threatened by extinction. Vegetation characteristics directly influence the ecological strategies of sloths, which are strictly tree residing mammals. Information about herbivore habitat use is extremely important to determine smallscale relationships with vegetative resources. These relationships can then be considered on larger scales. This study contains information about micro-habitat resource use for application on a macro scale, which is important for planning maned sloth (B. torquatus) conservation management practices. Eight individuals were located using radio telemetry and accompanied. Three of these animals were located in Primary Forest, three were in secondary forest and two were in Cabruca (cocoa plantation in initial secondary forest). The position of the animal in the tree top (external, middle and internal) and the height of the animal in the tree were registered. All of the trees, hemi-epiphytes, vines and palms used by the animals were collected, identified and measured (height, DAP and liana and latex presence). Samples of the vegetative species eaten by the animals were collected from each site to analyze the microhabitat nutritional aspects. Adult animals were encountered in the external part of the tree in the majority of cases. Juveniles positioned themselves in the internal part of the tree and at lower heights than the adults. The tree and animal height differed in the environments. Sloths in disturbed areas used smaller trees and were found at reduced heights. The data showed that there were not significant differences between the nutritional variables in the canopy sites. 73% of the 232 analyzed trees did not have latex and 69% contained lianas. There was a greater concentration of lianas in the Primary Forest. 243 botanical specimens were identified. 46 of theses were identified to the genus and 167 to the species level. 64 different species were identified. The most used families were Fabaceae, 5
BARRETO, R.M.F. 2007. Uso do Hábitat por Preguiça-de-coleira Bradypus torquatus Sapotaceae, Bombacaceae and Moraceae. Eriotheca globosa (Aubl.) A. Robyns, Inga edulis Mart., Virola gardneri Warb., Tetragastris catuaba Cunha and Symphonia globulifera L received the most visits. The animals use different plant species and this variation also occurs between environments. Individuals that reside in primary forest have the greatest diversity indexes. However, this difference is not significant enough to show representative similarity indexes between the environments. This study showed that Maned sloths in Una use the aliment resources available in their habitat. In conclusion, the animals are selecting trees for (microhabitat) use independent of the habitat. Therefore, this species can support a certain habitat modification and adapt to intermediate anthropic disturbances. However, primary forests were shown as more propitious for sloth conservation, which is to be expected considering the tendencies of other forest species. 6
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