Guia de Estudos - Faap

Guia de Estudos / Study Guide / Guia de Estudios
Américan Continent
The Canadian diamond industry is developing itself
into a prominent one, hence, the country’s vast interest
in the subject, “by 2003, Canada had become the
world’s third largest diamond producer on a value basis
after Botswana and Russia.” Even though Canada is
not a member of this committee, it is a great example
of a country that supports the proposals established
by the Kimberley Process as it has had a leading role
in the implementation of its measures and is a country
that has been important when it comes to the issues.
The Unites States of América (USA) is also part to
the Kimberley Process, helping the African Continent,
and adopting measures to end the issue. The country
is responsible for one third of the global diamond
sales and because of this fact, the USA gained a leader
position in the search for methods to avoid conflicts
financed by illicit diamonds.
An important and interesting fact about the USA
is that its embassy, managed a training workshop
to enhance the ability of the officers that monitored
the mines in Sierra Leone, towards tackling diamond
smuggling. This was a great contribution from the
country, as an attempt to reach a solution for the
smuggling problem. That can be seen at the statement
by Ambassador Rosemary A. DiCarlo, also U.S. Deputy
Permanent Representative to the United Nations at an
Open Security Council Debate on the United Nation’s
Counter Terrorism Committees on November 15th of
2010, where it says:
The United States welcomes the significant enhancements
to the regime’s listing and delisting processes outlined
in Resolutions 1735, 1822, and 1904. We remain
confident that the establishment of an independent
Ombudsperson for the regime will help ensure that the
delisting procedures are fair and transparent. We welcome
Kimberly Prost’s appointment as the Committee’s first Ombudsperson,
and we look forward to working with her.
Brazil is not a country that has a significant participation
in the trading of conflict diamonds originated
in Africa. In its own territory, however, the country has
to deal with issues of the same matter. In Cinta Larga,
Brazil’s indigenous tribe reservation, due to the country’s
rich diamond mines, illicit diamond trading takes
place. Mining these lands is illegal, but a “black mar-
ket” has existed since the late 1900’s.
In Africa, conflict diamonds have financed and extended
wars in the continent; in Colombia, cocaine has
supported the conflicts in the country. The two major
guerrilla groups, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia
(FARC) and the National Liberation Army (ELN) are
playing and expanding spot in the cocaine´s productions.
Just like the “blood diamond” smuggling, the drug traffic
is also in the black market and these problems affect very
much the countries they are related to. Therefore Colombia
must have support from its neighbors:
The Colombian experience confirms that only by achieving
a balance between the actions aimed at decreasing the supply
and demand of drugs; it is possible to advance in an efficient
and progressive manner in the fight against the world drug
problem. It is indispensable to face with all the links. All the
countries involved, be it producing, transit, or consumer countries,
must face with equal determination and in a joint manner,
the different manifestations of the problem.
African Continent
Because diamonds are one of the natural resources
that Africa has the most in its territory and it brings along
with conflicts, an astonishing amount of money that helps
the continent develop and gain wealth. Miners produce
billions of dollars worth of diamonds, but earn only a few
per month. However, the money that comes from “blood
diamonds” is used to finance conflicts and terrorist attacks,
jeopardizing the lives of people. There are several
conflicts in the African Continent that happen because of
the so called “blood diamonds”. The faction of the population
that works digging the diamonds can be negatively
affected because the money they earn with this job is
minimum, when compared to the amount of money that
this activity launches as it is known that the industry is
worth billions of dollars.
In the 90’s, there were conflicts in Angola and Sierra
Leone taking place because of “blood diamonds” that financed
the acquisition of weapons. As a consequence,
several lives were taken and a significant number of
people were harmed by the rebels. The rebel group, originated
in Sierra Leone, known as the Revolutionary United
Front (RUF), killed and injured several people who worked
at the diamond mines, until they could fully control these
mines. The group attacked people all around the country,
spreading terror and fear throughout the population. As a
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