Guia de Estudos - Faap

een separated from their families, against their will as
consequence. The diamond issue does not have relevance
only in the African continent but all around the
world; if the guerrilla warfare gains proportion, several
countries around the world can suffer with these issues
and the global economy may also be affected. Since
diamonds are small, they can be hidden inside pockets,
clothes, bags, among others to be traded. Even though
they are small, their price is far from being as so; a single
diamond can be used to finance weapons or even be
invested in military activities.
There is no way that the population can eradicate
these issues, if the government does not act upon it.
The lack of legislation and governmental control facilitates
Africa becoming the source of illegal/conflict diamonds.
Countries have to develop their rule of law so
that it condemns such activity. Africa has weak states;
therefore, its population is left without stability and the
lack of a government is a serious matter that can have
as a consequence, the emergence of terrorist groups.
People, who are left without a purpose, or without any
hope of one day having a job, earning money, or having
dignity, might become violent towards the State that
should be propitiating these things to them. A government
has the duty to protect those who live in its territory
and when it does not, the people are left without
stability; this kind of instability (a State that does not
provide security to its own nationals) places a threat to
the world’s safety and security.
Terrorism is a global phenomenon and also a problem
that Africa suffers from. The diamonds, legitimately
extracted, are a vast source of money and employment,
and are distributed worldwide. However, the illegitimate
portion of the diamonds, those known as “conflict
diamonds”, are frequently used to fund terrorism or are
invested in military activities. Billions of dollars are invested
in wars, while the African people are suffering
with total lack of money, food and health. In this sense,
“Diamonds are forever” it is often said. But lives are
not. We must spare people the ordeal of war, mutilations
and death for the sake of conflict diamonds.
The continent suffers from the lack of security and
stability, and consequently, its population suffers with
the attacks which are becoming more frequent. If the
governments were more stable and had the ability to
run the countries, Africa could become a better orga-
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VII Fórum FAAP de Discussão Estudantil - 2011
nized continent providing education, health and security
to its people. The companies involved in diamond
trade also need to assist the situation; when buying
diamonds, they have to ensure that they come from a
legitimate source, “conflict free” diamonds.
OVERVIEwS
European Continent
There are many European countries that are rough
diamond sources, importers or exporters that participate
in the Kimberley Process, in order to decrease the
problems related to illegitimate diamonds. The governments
that participate in this process must ensure that
the diamonds being commercialized are from conflict
free areas.
Bosnia and Herzegovina is cooperating with the
United States of América on International counter terrorism
issues.
Bosnia remained a weak, decentralized state and ethnically-based
political confrontations continued to undermine
national government. As a result of weak interagency
communication, competing security structures, and political
interference in law enforcement, Bosnia is vulnerable to exploitation
as a potential staging ground for terrorist operations
in Europe.
Due to that Bosnia and Herzegovina has set all their
efforts towards improving operational capabilities to
combat terrorism and its forms of financing.
The United Kingdom has played an important role in
all aspects of the Kimberly Process. Initially rallying support
for a technical discussion on rough diamond certification
in Kimberly, and then acting as a vocal proponent
of the process at the International Diamond Ministerial
in Pretoria, South Africa, according to the G8 Toronto Reports.
This is relevant because it can be considered convenient
approaches with the intention of shattering the
connection between the unlawful commerce related to
diamonds and reinforced conflicts, including reviews of
an international agreement about certification for brute
diamonds.
Moreover, the UK considers that the UN’s commitment
to set up the counter terrorism ability of member
states, guided by bodies such as the Counter Terrorism