Guia de Estudos - Faap

the obligation of international cooperation:
[a]ll States should co-operate to strengthen and
continuously improve the efficiency of international
organizations in implementing measures to stimulate
the general economic progress of all countries,
particularly of developing countries, and therefore
should co- operate to adapt them, when appropriate,
to the changing needs of international economic cooperation
This charter was a clear example of the expectations
of the countries on financial, economic and trade
coordination subjects, and where they recognized the
need for a special treatment offered to low-income
countries. As international organisms were created
to attend the developing countries, UNDP appeared
as an important actor to correspond to these needs,
doing this through specialized techniques, know-how
transfers, best practices exchanges made throughout
many countries and international cooperation over
projects of technical assistance to highlight socio economics
issues.
Based on this scenery, many other conferences
occurred focusing on these issues, from 1990 until
2000 the MDGs were created, which are targets that
the countries need to pursuit to be met by the year of
2015. When these targets are reached the world will
show itself with a great result in the progress of development,
thus raising the quality of life of the world’s
population. And so, cooperation came as a tool to coordinate
financing policies and also to assist setting
policies and programs through international organisms,
which are responsible for offering mechanisms
towards reaching development in the least development
countries. To get international governance established,
a common ideal is needed, this ideal will be
responsible for the union between countries, organizations,
governments, banks, private sector and civil
society; these are needed to support the global partnership.
When a global partnership is formed, it makes it
easier to regulate the financial market, to offer special
treatment to low-income countries by offering them
lower tariffs and taxes, to offer access to big markets
and privilege to the less developed countries products,
to facilitate the access to technology and know-how,
etc. An example of great help is found in the health
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VII Fórum FAAP de Discussão Estudantil - 2011
subject once the pharmaceutical industries require large
investment in low-income countries. The rules surrounding
this issue are in agreement among countries, is what
guarantees that the poorest countries will be aided in this
field.
The eighth target deals with the necessity of integration
and regulamentation of markets, giving access to less
developed countries to provide them the same structures
that developed countries have, making them able to
reach better levels of economic and social development.
All in order to achieve the other MDGs, the eight target
being the path towards them.
This situation led the international community to
come up with new rules towards the financial system,
where now, banks would go under regulamentation, and
so would have its freedom shrunk. These rules were settled
in the Basel Accord III in 2010, with the purpose of
avoiding a future crisis in the same proportion of the one
that happened in 2008.
Based on the paragraphs above, we hope to have
made it clear the importance of global governance. And
to make so, it is needed regulamentation of markets and
of the system as a whole to avoid even the slightest differences
among countries. By the way the special treatment
to low-income countries has always to be considered.
OVERVIEwS
Latin America and the Caribbean
The region has had large financial crisis in its history.
Inflation has always been present in the countries of the
region. Brazil and Chile today have safe systems and recovered
well from previous crisis and periods of market
closure. However, the great problems are the income
disparities, both regional and national. The difficulty for
regional integration continues as MERCOSUL still has difficulties
to endure and establish itself de facto.
The objective of the 8th MDG in the region is to consolidate
markets, regulate fees and taxes, expand commercial
capacity of countries, and to reduce the dependency
on rural products and commodities. Brazil appears as the
leader in the region, leading South-South cooperation,
through projects and technical cooperation programs
and with its experience to universalize AIDS medications
access.