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Guia de Estudos / Study Guide / Guia de Estudios Dear delegates, Because we believe on your capacity and ability of arguing we welcome you to VII Fórum FAAP de Discussão Estudantil, expecting resilience and good achievement at the United Nations Development Program Committee (UNDP). The chair of this year’s UNDP is composed of Uolli Longo Briotto, 21, Ana Carolina Violante, 20 and Maria Carolina Lacombe, 20. We are all students of International Relations at FAAP, undertaking the 7th semester of the course. We are also responsible for choosing this committee and its theme, such as researches, student guide production and moderation towards concise and plausible resolutions during the debates. We would like to thank first of all our parents, people who we look up as our role models, for all their trust and investment on each one of us. All our close friends who have always encouraged facing challenges in order to improve ourselves as good human beings. And a “Thank you very much!” for all Forum FAAP staff, students or teachers, from academic or administrative area, that most believed that this one annual dream would come true once more. Looking forward to meet you and have a good time, feel free to surprise us with knowledge, preparation and enthusiasm. We hope you all enjoy reading this study guide and please contact us in case of any doubt. See you soon! Sincerely, Ana Carolina Violante, Maria Carolina Lacombe e Uolli Briotto 111
INTRODUCTION We would like to introduce to you delegates, one of the most important issues in consideration nowadays: Development. Besides the fact that it is a very broad word and it can be divided in many different fields (economic, social, political etc.), we would first like to make you understand how development became such an important issue to every actor in the international system, even for the countries that are already developed, after, we will discuss the most important issues within development. All this learning will be done with a goal: to understand the role of the actors of the international system when dealing with this subject. We will work and depict through discussions the role of international organisms in the track towards development. After the Second World War countries joined up together the idea of rebuilding a better world, over this ideal the United Nation was created. The mean purpose of the United Nation’s creation was to keep the world a peaceful place. One of the United Nation’s task, right after its creation was to gather aid from member countries to rebuild the ones damaged by the war. By rebuilding places, they had a consensus towards recovering places and bringing them equality. Equality was a key word; “equality” is a word that comes close to the word “peace”, according to a few scholars, as a safer world would be a more equal one. This was understood by the end of the Second World War, and since it was understood, “development” became a common ideal to the world. And in November of 1965 the United Nations Program for Development was founded making states join forces thus strengthening the links that already existed among them in the international environment. The United Nations Development Program (UNDP) is a committee within the United Nations, and here we will get to know better its current role in the world. The committee has as a main goal of “[b]ringing development everywhere and thus eliminating poverty”. It was created with the idea of gathering information to be analyzed and studied by the UNDP, and it uses it as a tool to develop resolutions to countries, as technical assistance, so the countries can have some ownership over their domestic problems. It acts meanly as a 112 VII Fórum FAAP de Discussão Estudantil - 2011 space where actors can share information about the challenges they have got in common, and also work together over effective solutions. It is now composed by 166 countries and it acts as a bound among world leaders. But what are the problems that countries have in common? And, how to measure the influence of this problems in each country? By answering these questions and looking forward to development reaching everywhere in the world, the former secretary general of the UN, Kofi Annan, together with the UNDP, understood the world’s common problems as: hunger, financial crises, health, global warming, and such. And by qualifying them as responsible to avert development, a plan was created to be followed as a track towards development, and also as a thermometer from which one can evaluate how far from the track a country is, this plan is named Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Accorded in the year of 2000 the MDGs consists in eight goals created in the second millennium with the maximum purpose of bringing development to the world. However, we may consider that the MDGs have to work within its deadline that goes until 2015. It is important to stress that the UNDP does not execute its programs, it opens a debate on key development issues, providing new measurement tools, innovative analyses and often controversial policy proposals. It aids, coordinates and evaluates projects which will be executed by others. UNPD does not only work alongside governments, but also together with private companies and the civil society. All these actors, but the UNDP, will be in charge of the execution of the programs. By now, the working process of UNDP concerns all of you, so the task now is based in not only on the knowledge we are providing, but on your own independent research, for you to act as a member of the UNDP. You must bring to every other actor information about our common problems and information about how the actors of your country (civil society, private sector, government, NGO’s) are acting towards the pursuit of the MDG´s. By sharing this information first, we after will be capable of tracing good resolutions for all of us against our common problems, and by winning this fight together we will achieve strong international cooperation 1 , which is listed as the eighth goal and it is needed first and foremost towards achieving the other seven goals.
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BUSCANDO SOLUÇÕES PARA A QUESTÃO
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AMéRICA LATINA: COOPERAR PARA DESE
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