UNGARNS HISTORIE OG KULTUR
UNGARNS HISTORIE OG KULTUR
UNGARNS HISTORIE OG KULTUR
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VINCE SULYOK : <strong>UNGARNS</strong> <strong>HISTORIE</strong> <strong>OG</strong> <strong>KULTUR</strong><br />
INNHOLD<br />
Publisher’s preface........................................................................................................................... III<br />
I. KARPATBEKKENET FØR DET UNGARSKE LANDNÅMET ................................................2<br />
ISTEDENFOR EN INNLEDNING....................................................................................................................................... 3<br />
MENNESKET I KARPATBEKKENET I FØRHISTORISK TID............................................................................ 4<br />
PALEOLITTISK TID ....................................................................................................................................................... 4<br />
Rudapithecus Hungaricus....................................................................................................................................... 4<br />
Homo erectus palaeohungaricus ............................................................................................................................ 4<br />
Neandertaler-mennesket i Ungarn.......................................................................................................................... 5<br />
Szeleta-kulturen (Szeletien) og Istállóskő ............................................................................................................... 5<br />
Gravetti-kulturen .................................................................................................................................................... 6<br />
MESOLITTISK <strong>OG</strong> NEOLITTISK TID................................................................................................................................ 6<br />
Mesolithikum........................................................................................................................................................... 6<br />
Yngre steinalder (6.000—3.400 f.Kr.)..................................................................................................................... 6<br />
KOBBERALDEREN (3.400—2.000 F.KR.)..................................................................................................................... 7<br />
BRONSEALDEREN (2.000-800 F.KR.) ........................................................................................................................... 8<br />
JERNALDEREN (800 F.KR. TIL BEGYNNELSEN AV VÅR TIDSREGNING).......................................................................... 9<br />
Skytiske folkeslag .................................................................................................................................................... 9<br />
Kelterne ................................................................................................................................................................ 10<br />
Transsylvania før romerne.................................................................................................................................... 11<br />
ROMERNES TID I UNGARN ......................................................................................................................................... 12<br />
Etableringen av Donau-limes ............................................................................................................................... 12<br />
Markomanner, kvader, sarmater .......................................................................................................................... 12<br />
Pannonias romanisering....................................................................................................................................... 13<br />
Dacia Trajana og Dacia Ripensis......................................................................................................................... 14<br />
Romernes siste århundre i Pannonia.................................................................................................................... 16<br />
FOLKEVANDRINGSTIDENS STORE BØLGER ................................................................................................................. 17<br />
Hunerne ................................................................................................................................................................ 17<br />
Germanernes århundre på ungarsk jord .............................................................................................................. 19<br />
Avarenes rike (567-804) ....................................................................................................................................... 20<br />
Frankene i Pannonia ............................................................................................................................................ 24<br />
Slavene i Pannonia ............................................................................................................................................... 24<br />
Donaubulgarene i Sydøst-Ungarn ........................................................................................................................ 25<br />
ET STERKT BEGRENSET UTVALG LITTERATUR PÅ VESTLIGE SPRÅK............................................................................ 26<br />
II. DET UNGARSKE FOLK: HERKOMST, SPRÅK <strong>OG</strong> <strong>HISTORIE</strong> TIL 997 E.KR................30<br />
UNGARSK SPRÅK ....................................................................................................................................................... 31<br />
UNGARERNES HERKOMST.......................................................................................................................................... 32<br />
Teorier omkring det finsk-ugriske urhjem ............................................................................................................ 32<br />
Fenno-ugriernes materielle kultur........................................................................................................................ 32<br />
Basjkiria – Magna Hungaria................................................................................................................................ 33<br />
Fenno-ugriernes åndelige kultur .......................................................................................................................... 35<br />
UNGARERNES FØRSTE ÅRTUSEN SOM EGET FOLK ...................................................................................................... 35<br />
Siget sydover......................................................................................................................................................... 35<br />
Kontakt med iranske folkeslag.............................................................................................................................. 36<br />
Kontakt med hunerne og avarerne........................................................................................................................ 36<br />
Kontakt med onogur-bulgarerne........................................................................................................................... 38<br />
I khazarernes rike ................................................................................................................................................. 39<br />
FRA ETELKÖZ TIL KARPATBEKKENET ....................................................................................................................... 40<br />
Ungarerne i tidens skrevne kilder......................................................................................................................... 40<br />
I Etelköz ................................................................................................................................................................ 41<br />
Petsjeneger-angrep på Etelköz, og det ungarske landnåm i Karpatbekkenet....................................................... 42<br />
Transdanubias (Pannonias) erobring................................................................................................................... 43<br />
LANDNÅMETIDENS UNGARSKE <strong>KULTUR</strong> .................................................................................................................... 44<br />
Næring, bolig, mat og kledning............................................................................................................................. 44<br />
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© Copyright Mikes International 2001-2006, Vince Sulyok 1958-2006 - VII -
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