POSTOPERATIEVE PIJNBEHANDELINGMEDICATIENiveau 2Er zijn aanwijzingen dat een vroege ‘agressieve’ postoperatieve pijnbehandelingde kans op overgang naar een chronisch pijntype kan doen verminderen.A2 Katz 1992 89Overige overwegingenVeel studies zijn begin 90-er jaren verricht met het éénmalig toedienen van het analgeticum<strong>voor</strong> en/of na de nociceptieve stimulus (ingreep). Het lijkt steeds duidelijker te worden dateen éénmalige pre-emptieve therapie weinig tot geen effect zal hebben, omdat de afferenteneuronale activiteit op spinaalniveau zich ook <strong>voor</strong>tzet na de ingreep vanwege de inflammatoirerespons bij het beschadigde weefsel. Deze postoperatieve verhoogde neuronale activiteit dientdan ook goed behandeld te worden door middel van goede, gecontinueerde postoperatievepijnbehandeling van voldoende kwaliteit en intensiteit wil de pre-emptieve pijnbehandelingenige zin hebben. 85-87Er is onvoldoende klinisch bewijs <strong>voor</strong> het pre-emptieve gebruik van opioïden, NSAID’s ofparacetamol. Er kan echter een farmacokinetische reden zijn om standaard preoperatief testarten met toediening van NSAID’s of paracetamol. Hierbij kan gedacht worden aan kortdurendeingrepen met naar verwachting matige postoperatieve pijn, opdat <strong>postoperatief</strong> reedseen voldoende hoge plasmaspiegel aanwezig is.AanbevelingOp grond van de bestaande literatuur adviseert de werkgroep het alleen pre-emptievegebruik van paracetamol, NSAID’s en opioïden niet. Ingebed in de totale (multimodale)postoperatieve pijnbehandeling kan het perspectieven bieden.Literatuur1. Carr D, Goudas LC. Acute pain. Lancet 1999;353:2051-8.2. 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