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nhm 07 juli2012 - Natuurhistorisch Genootschap in Limburg

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130 juli 2012 jaargang 101 | 7 natuurhistorisch maandblad<br />

Solabio. Speciale dank gaat uit naar Arnold Bakker, Jan Jeucken, Jöran<br />

Janse, Alex Kloor, Nils van Kessel, Douwe Schut en Gert Hoogerwerf voor<br />

hun hulp bij het verzamelen van DNA-monsters. De genetische analyses<br />

zijn uitgevoerd door Dr. Jorg Plötner en Dr. Torsten Ohst van de Hum-<br />

Summary<br />

ALIEN MARSH FROGS IN SOUTHERN<br />

LIMBURG<br />

Dur<strong>in</strong>g field studies <strong>in</strong> 2004 and 2005, relatively<br />

large Water frogs, whose morphological<br />

characteristics and habitat differed<br />

from those of native Marsh frog (Pelophylax<br />

ridibundus), were seen at several locations<br />

<strong>in</strong> Southern <strong>Limburg</strong>, The Netherlands.<br />

Genetic analyses of mtDNA of one specimen<br />

revealed a southern Balkanic orig<strong>in</strong>,<br />

which led to a more elaborate study of the<br />

identity of Water frogs <strong>in</strong> Southern <strong>Limburg</strong>.<br />

Recent studies <strong>in</strong> Germany and Belgium<br />

have shown that these alien Water frogs<br />

have to be regarded as an <strong>in</strong>vasive species<br />

threaten<strong>in</strong>g native amphibian populations.<br />

The present study exam<strong>in</strong>ed the distribution<br />

of alien Water frogs <strong>in</strong> the Southern<br />

<strong>Limburg</strong> region, which is the native distribution<br />

area of two threatened amphibian<br />

species, Midwife toad (Alytes obstetricans)<br />

and Yellow-bellied toad (Bomb<strong>in</strong>a variegata).<br />

We sampled and analysed mtDNA of 91<br />

frogs from thirteen study sites. Forty-six<br />

percent of the total sample (n=42) appeared<br />

to be Marsh Frog of foreign orig<strong>in</strong>, all but<br />

one orig<strong>in</strong>at<strong>in</strong>g from the southern Balkans.<br />

Alien frogs were collected at six of the thirteen<br />

sites. The status of native Marsh frog<br />

along the river Meuse is discussed.<br />

Ten percent of the total sample<br />

(n=8) appeared to be <strong>in</strong>fected with<br />

Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, the fungus<br />

which causes the <strong>in</strong>fectious disease<br />

chytridiomycosis.<br />

Three sites with alien Marsh frogs are situated<br />

with<strong>in</strong> the native distribution area<br />

of Midwife toad and Yellow-bellied toad,<br />

which implies that the <strong>in</strong>vasive alien Water<br />

Frogs represent a high risk and may have<br />

serious negative impacts on the already<br />

threatened populations of Midwife toad<br />

and Yellow-bellied toad, through predation,<br />

food- and habitat competition and the<br />

spread<strong>in</strong>g of diseases like chytridiomycosis.<br />

Therefore, populations of alien Water frogs<br />

should be managed, preferably by eradicat<strong>in</strong>g<br />

exist populations.<br />

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Dorenbosch en Nils van<br />

Kessel voor het kritisch doornedoornemen van het manuscript.<br />

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