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It wurk fan Gysbert Japix n-2 - Tresoar

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Cats, Camphuysen, Vondel and Huygens. Ancient poets such as Virgil, Horace and<br />

especially Ovid supply additional material. More than once Du Bartas/Heijns function<br />

as a source of matter.<br />

The imitations can be distinguished into borrowing (complete and slavish similarity<br />

between model and copy), imitatio (Variation, especially through transformation<br />

of place, time and subject; usually (or always?) on the basis of more than one model)<br />

and aemulatio (improvement of model(s)). To the category of borrowing belong in<br />

most cases the short elements such as Scriprural passages, topoi and Standard motifs.<br />

They often occur within the larger whole of imitations of complete texts or longer<br />

portions fhere of. Their function then seems to be to diversify the matter and to embellish<br />

it. Together with the combination of longer portions of text or of complete<br />

texts they bring about in the imitatio the characteristic dissimulatio or contamination.<br />

Dissimulation in the sense of concealing the model does not seem to have a special<br />

significance in GJ's work. The models remain clearly recognizable and are not at all<br />

obscure. Aemulatio for GJ is a matter of style. I have not found any instances of models,<br />

although, as a matter of course, there are differences as to content.<br />

Character and development of GJ; work (7.2)<br />

Looking for a common denominator with which to sum up the characteristics I<br />

have detected in GJ's work as a whole, I come up with the word 'craftsmanship'.<br />

Throughout his oeuvre there is indeed present ingenious inventio (and also elocutio),<br />

but no personal or other concrete, topical information can be found, not even in the<br />

dialogues and the Friesche Herder, however intense they may be in their Christian inspiration.<br />

After all, by far the larger part of his work consists of translations (of prose<br />

texts), versifications (of psalms) and adaptations (such as after Roemer Visscher in<br />

the love poems). In it one is Struck by the ingenuity with which the liveliness of the<br />

Originals is enlarged by technical means such as visualization, dialogization and alliteration.<br />

The (rare) Bolsward elements in Friesche Tjerne and Sjolle Kreamer, which<br />

scarcely reoccur in his other works, would seem to be an exception if explaining<br />

them as conventional adaptations to local circumstances would not be more likely.<br />

Likewise characteristic of the decidedly literary nature of the work are the allegorizing,<br />

personifying and pastoralizing features in the texts, as well as the literary impulse<br />

which often explains the genesis of a text. GJ himself mentions the honour of<br />

the Frisian language as the motivation for his poetic activities, and perhaps his main<br />

aim was indeed language construction and language expression.<br />

His concern for form might also explain the originality present in the design of his<br />

work. For instance, there are no known models of the dialogues in the second part of<br />

the FR which appear to owe their form to an internal development in GJ's poetic career.<br />

Nor have I been able to find models of the concluding last line, which, as an extra<br />

conclusion, falls outside the rhyme scheme and (possible) stanzaic order. A clear<br />

example of artful design, in which he went further than others, are the ladder patterns<br />

in two dialogue songs.<br />

There is one characteristic, however, which I cannot classify as craftsmanship, at<br />

least not in the meaning of technical skill as it is used here: his humour. <strong>It</strong> is revealed<br />

in many texts, especially in his love poems, as if love poetry were especially suited for<br />

the poet (and seventeenth Century authors in general?) to demonstrate wit.<br />

518<br />

wumkes.nl

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