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LitNet Akademies Jaargang 9(2), Augustus 2012 eiendom beslag wou lê. ’n Kommissie van ondersoek (in 1851 ontplooi) het uiteindelik op 15 Februarie 1858 die sendingstasie in trust aan die superintendent van die Morawiese kerk vir die inwoners gegee (Balie 1988:82). Voorbeelde van sulke geletterdheidsvaardighede en leeservarings was nie buitengewoon by plattelandse Kaapse sendingstasies nie, want die getalle van gewone lesers het indrukwekkend toegeneem ná die vrystelling van die slawe in 1838. Geletterdheid onder die werkersklas is vir die eerste keer in 1849 in ’n sensus deur plaaslike resident-magistrate in opdrag van die koloniale regering gemeet (Master and Servant Addenda 1849). Die motief vir die sensus was om ’n volhoubare werksmag ná die beëindiging van slawerny te bepaal en te verseker. Daar was druk op die regering van boere en voormalige slawebesitters, wat slawe nie langer kon beveel om te werk nie. Baie voormalige slawe het na sendingstasies verhuis en die mans het verkies om as dag- of los arbeiders op plase te werk. Op hierdie wyse het hulle hul vrouens en kinders teen harde werk beskerm en hulle dogters by die sendingstasies gehou waar hulle nie so kwesbaar vir seksuele uitbuiting was nie en opgevoed kon word. Die doel van die sensus was om sendingstasie-inwoners in die plaaslike arbeidsmark-ekonomie van ’n streek of magistraatsdistrik in te sluit (Ross en Viljoen 2009:392, 396). Die vierde van 17 sensusvrae vir ‘n volwasse manlike inwoner was of hy kon lees of skryf. Hierdie vraag is soms gevra as “Can they read or write?” en het in sommige gevalle aan die lig gebring dat ’n vrou kon lees. Die sensusopnemer sou dit vasstel deur persoonlik te kyk of elke ondervraagde ’n paar verse uit ’n Nederlandstalige Bybel kon lees. Sendelinge mag dalk die resultate van hulle geletterdheidswerk in daaropvolgende briewe aan die sensusopnemers oordryf het, maar hulle byvoegings is nie statisties in die oorhoofse prentjie belangrik nie. Ek het al die getalle vir lees en skryf in die tabelle en sendelingbriewe ingevoeg ten einde totale getalle te bereken (sien Tabel 2). Ten spyte van hulle foute gee die sensus en sendelingbriewe ’n goeie aanduiding van ’n lees- en skryfgemeenskap by die sendingstasies teen die middel van die 19de eeu. Hierdie sensus het onbedoeld die eerste amptelike bron vir werkersklas-geletterdheid in Suid-Afrika geword. Van die 5 457 volwassenes op 31 sendingstasies was 1 124, of 21 persent, geletterd. Die indrukwekkendste resultaat vir volwasse geletterdheid was 52 persent by Bethelsdorp-sendingstasie. Sy kindergeletterdheidsyfer van 20 persent het ook aan daardie stasie die hoogste algehele geletterdheidsyfer van 32 persent besorg. Die Schietfontein–sendingstasie het die hoogste syfer – 40 persent – vir kindergeletterdheid gehad. Tabel 2: Geletterdheidsyfers op Kaapse sendingstasies, 1849 Sendingstasi e Totale volwassenes Tota al wat kan lees of skryf Volwassegeletterdheidsyfer Total e kinde rs Totaa l wat kan lees of skryf Kindergeletterd - heidsyfer Totale inwoners Totale geletter dheidsyfe r 673
Somerset West (We) LitNet Akademies Jaargang 9(2), Augustus 2012 111 20 18% 159 – – 270 Raithby (We) 24 0 21 0% 38 – – 62 Pniel (SA) 102 5 5% 159 42 26% 261 18% Hermon (Rh) 11 2 18% 12 4 22 33% 23 26% Groenekloof (Mo) 427 31 7% 670 – – 1097 Stynthal (Rh) 119 8 7% 156 – – 275 Saron (Rh) 235 8 3% 283 – – 518 Zuurbraak (LMS) Pacaltsdorp (LMS) Dyzelskraal (LMS) Avontuur (LMS) Ebenezer (Rh) Schietfontein (Rh) Goedverwach t 24 (Mo) 202 38 19% 346 – – 548 213 78 37% 340 70 21% 553 27% 43 15 35% 56 – – 99 98 13 13% 168 – – 266 92 8 9% 113 – – 205 46 1 2% 77 31 23 40% 123 26% 48 2 4% 69 – – 117 Zoar ( SA) 390 19 5% 456 24 25 5% 846 5% Genadendal (Mo) 1,091 273 25% 1,338 398 30% 2,429 28% Elim (Mo) 362 60 17% 549 201 37% 911 29% Farmerfield (We) Theopolis (LMS) Trappesvallei (We) Scott’s Bottom Hankey (LMS) Kruis Fonteyn (LMS) 203 37 26 18% 273 – – 476 124 23 19% 161 – – 285 37 14 38% 52 – – 89 25 3 12% 18 – – 43 276 108 39% 409 – – 685 84 29 35% 103 – – 187 674
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