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LitNet Akademies Jaargang 9(2), Augustus 2012 16 Ek erken en bedank die anonieme keurder wat bykomende insigte aan my gegee het in verband met Jimmy Harris as romankarakter. 441
LitNet Akademies Jaargang 9(2), Augustus 2012 Die relatiewe welvaart van die vroeë Kaapse setlaars Opsomming Johan Fourie Johan Fourie: Departement Ekonomie, Universiteit Stellenbosch Die tradisionele beskouing van die 18de-eeuse Kaapkolonie as ’n armoedige bestaansekonomie moet heroorweeg word. Deur van 2 577 onlangs gedigitaliseerde boedelinventarisse gebruik te maak, toon hierdie artikel dat die gemiddelde Kaapse setlaarshuishouding relatief welaf was aan die begin van die 18de eeu en dat hierdie rykdomvlakke oor tyd toegeneem het, al het dit ook gepaard gegaan met ’n toename in ongelykheid binne die setlaarsbevolking. Kaapse setlaarshuishoudings kon selfs kers vashou met huishoudings in streke wat gedurende die 18de eeu as die mees welvarende beskou is – Nederland en Engeland. Trefwoorde: Kaapkolonie; VOC; vryburgers; trekboere; rykdom; armoede; ongelykheid Abstract The relative wealth of the early Cape settlers This article investigates the relative wealth of the settlers of the Dutch Cape Colony, a settlement founded in 1652 by the Dutch East India Company to supply refreshments to the ships passing between Europe and the East Indies. The stereotypical view of the Cape Colony is that of an impoverished society, with only a few landowners able to maintain a living standard above subsistence level. Aside from those fortunate to be granted monopoly contracts by the Company to supply the growing demand for wine, wheat and meat from the passing ships, most settler households, at least towards the end of the 18th century, lived a scanty, pastoral lifestyle in the interior, devoid of the luxuries offered by the proximity of the market in Cape Town. The first contribution of this article is to suggest an alternative history: I show that the average Cape settler household was relatively prosperous when measured by the number of consumption and productive assets it owned. For my research I used 2 577 Cape probate inventories (MOOC 8s), recently transcribed and digitised, that allow a household-level investigation of wealth trends over more than a century (1690-1800). Because of the abundance of different products in the inventories, I follow 28 items that represent more than 70% of all movable household assets of the settlers. I use the prices available in the auction rolls (MOOC 10s) to combine these 28 items into a basket of goods. Plotting this basket of goods over the 18th century reveals that Cape settlers, on average, did not grow poorer. While there are significant fluctuations during the century, the final two 442
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