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LitNet Akademies Jaargang 9(2), Augustus 2012 Die nuwe ondernemingsreddingspraktisyn: Geneesheer of begrafnisondernemer? ’n Ondersoek na die kwalifikasies van die reddingspraktisyn. Opsomming L.M. Jacobs L.M. Jacobs: Departement Handelsreg, Universiteit van die Vrystaat Die artikel handel in hoofsaak oor die besigheidsreddingspraktisyn, ’n sleutelfiguur in enige korporatiewe reddingspoging. Die doel van die navorsing is om vas te stel of die bepalings aangaande die kwalifikasieveresistes van sodanige praktisyn, soos vervat in die Maatskappywet 71 van 2008, verbeterings teweegbring ten opsigte van die bepalings van die vorige reddingsmodel, naamlik geregtelike bestuur. Die geregtelike bestuurder en ondernemingsreddingspraktisyn word met mekaar vergelyk wat betref kwalifikasies, kennis, vaardigheid en persoonlike eienskappe. Daar word telkens ook aandag geskenk aan die internasionale standaard soos vervat in die wetgewende gids insake insolvensiereg van die Verenigde Nasies se Kommissie oor Internasionale Handelsreg (UNCITRAL). Daar word tot die gevolgtrekking gekom dat die nuwe reddingsmodel poog om betergekwalifiseerde persone in hierdie belangrike amp te plaas. Trefwoorde: geregtelike bestuur; geregtelike bestuurder; korporatiewe insolvensie; kennis en ondervinding; kwalifikasies; likwidateur; maatskappy; Maatskappywet; ondernemingsredding; ondernemingsreddingspraktisyn; reorganisasie; rehabilitasie; "turnaround practice" Abstract In the current economic climate, where more and more companies find themselves under financial strain, an effective business rescue system is essential. A system is needed which affords the company an opportunity to become a successful concern and carry on business on a solvent basis again. South Africa's business rescue provisions are contained in the Companies Act 71 of 2008. This business rescue procedure replaces the judicial management procedure of the previous Companies Act 61 of 1973. Judicial management as a business rescue procedure was largely 202
LitNet Akademies Jaargang 9(2), Augustus 2012 unsuccessful, due to a number of factors. As a result of the inefficacy of judicial management the new rescue procedure comes under intense scrutiny. The key role player in the business rescue procedure is the person on whom the duty to rescue the company rests, namely the business rescue practitioner. This article is aimed at evaluating the provisions pertaining to the qualifications of the rescue practitioner contained in the 2008 Companies Act in order to ascertain whether the new provisions constitute improvements or not. This is done by comparing the current provisions with the provisions contained in the previous Companies Act and the international guidelines provided for in the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law's (UNCITRAL) Legislative guide on insolvency law. A comparison is made of the qualifications, knowledge, experience and personal qualities of the judicial manager and the business rescue practitioner. It is clear from the comparative study that the previous act did not place an emphasis on the qualifications of the rescue practitioner in that, for example, it permitted liquidators to be appointed as judicial managers. Furthermore, the 1973 act failed to stipulate the qualification requirements that judicial managers needed to adhere to. The act of 2008 does, however, provide qualification requirements for practitioners. According to the 2008 Companies Act a business rescue practitioner should be a member of the law, accounting or business management profession. The regulations to the act furthermore stipulate that a practitioner should have experience in "turnaround practice". Therefore a liquidator should not be able to qualify. The 2008 act places more emphasis on the experience of the business rescue practitioner than its predecessor. Practitioners are therefore divided into three categories: senior practitioners, experienced practitioners and junior practitioners. For large and state-owned companies only senior practitioners may be appointed. For medium companies senior and experienced practitioners may be appointed, but not junior practitioners; etcetera. This clearly indicates that the legislature wanted to make sure that only the most experienced practitioners be appointed in the larger and more difficult rescue situations in order to optimise the chances of a successful rescue of the company. Although the 1973 act made no mention of the personal attributes of a practitioner, the 2008 act refers to quite a few. Under the 2008 act business rescue practitioners have to be independent, objective and of good character. A licence can be issued to a practitioner only once the Companies and Intellectual Property Commission (CIPC) is also satisfied that the practitioner has integrity. The provisions regarding personal attributes also incorporate provisions against possible conflicts of interest which may arise during the course of the practitioner’s appointment. Clearly very few people in South Africa qualify to be business rescue practitioners. Attention should be given to the training of people in order to create a bigger pool of qualified practitioners. It therefore seems that the new provisions contained in the 2008 act truly constitute a big improvement. Keywords: business rescue; business rescue practitioner; company; Companies Act; corporate insolvency; judicial management; judicial manager; knowledge and experience; liquidator; rehabilitation; reorganisation; turnaround practice; qualifications 203
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