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International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, ISSN-0975-3486,(Print) E-ISSN-2320-5482, April, 2014 , VOL- V * ISSUE 55<br />
'kks/k i= & jktuhfr foKku<br />
<strong>Hkkjr</strong> <strong>esa</strong> <strong>yksdrU=%</strong> <strong>pqukSfr</strong>;<strong>k¡</strong> <strong>vkSj</strong> <strong>lek</strong>/<strong>kku</strong><br />
April ,2014<br />
* MkW- izseyrk ijlks;k<br />
* O;k[;krk& jktuhfr foKku] jktdh; egkfo|ky;] dksVk<br />
<strong>Hkkjr</strong> xkSjo'kkyh rFkk egku lkaLd`frd ijEijkvksa okyk ns'k<br />
gS ftlus izkphudky ls gh fo'o ij vusd {ks=ksa <strong>esa</strong> viuk izHkko<br />
NksM+k gSA vkfFkZd lkekftd] jktuhfrd lHkh {ks=ksa <strong>esa</strong> fodkl<br />
ds mPp vk;keksa dks Nqvk gSA jktuhfrd {ks= <strong>esa</strong> laLFkkvksa ds<br />
fodkl ls ysdj fu.kZ;&fuekZ.k <strong>esa</strong> tu Hkkxhnkjh rd] <strong>Hkkjr</strong><br />
us fo'o Lrj ij felkys dk;e dh gSaA 1947 <strong>esa</strong> vktknh izkfIr<br />
ls fujUrj <strong>Hkkjr</strong> us Lo;a ds Lrj ij LF<strong>kku</strong>h; vko';drkuqlkj<br />
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International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, ISSN-0975-3486,(Print) E-ISSN-2320-5482, April, 2014 , VOL- V * ISSUE 55<br />
Åij gh <strong>vkSj</strong> tkrk jgk rFkk <strong>Hkkjr</strong> us jktuhfrd fodkl ds<br />
egRoiw.kZ y{; dks izkIr Hkh fd;k gSA vktknh izkfIr ds nks&rhu<br />
n'kdksa rd rks Åijof.kZr vPNh fLFkfr cuh jgh ijUrq<br />
/khjs&/khjs <strong>Hkkjr</strong>h; <strong>lek</strong>t rFkk jktuhfr es a vusd fod`fr;<strong>k¡</strong> vkus<br />
yxh tksa fd yksdrU= ds fy, ?kkrd ekuh tkrh gSA /khjs&/khjs<br />
jktuhfr o lRrk dsoy fof'k"V oxZ (Elite) rd gh fleV<br />
dj jg xbZ rFkk vke vkneh ds fy, mPp in izkfIr fnok<br />
LoIu curk tk jgk gSA vke O;fDr dk dsoy ,d gh vf/kdkj]<br />
erkf/kdkj jg x;k vFkkZr~ i<strong>k¡</strong>p lky <strong>esa</strong> ,d ckj cSysV isij<br />
ij lhy yxkuk ;k bZ-oh-,e ij cVu nckuk] D;ksafd pquko<br />
yM+uk /ku dk [ksy cu x;k tks vke O;fDr ds ikl miyC/k<br />
ugha gksrk gSA<br />
<strong>Hkkjr</strong> dh 'kklu O;oLFkk <strong>esa</strong> yksdrU= ges'kk ls dsUnz<br />
fcUnq <strong>esa</strong> jgk gS ijUrq blds O;kogkfjd dkedkt <strong>esa</strong> yksdrU=<br />
<strong>esa</strong> dbZ dfe;<strong>k¡</strong> Hkh mtkxj gqbZ gSaA ukxfjd lsokvksa ls fo/kkf;dk<br />
<strong>vkSj</strong> jktuhfrd vf/kdkjksa ds LFkkf;Ro dh psu cgqr detksj<br />
gSA mPp Lrj ij iz'kklu cgqr detksj gS <strong>vkSj</strong> lalnh;<br />
lfefr;ksa }kjk lhfer fuxjkuh Hkh leL;k dk ,d fgLlk gSA<br />
jktuhfr dk vijkf/kdj.k <strong>vkSj</strong> pqukoh jktuhfr <strong>esa</strong> tkfr <strong>vkSj</strong><br />
/keZ dh cw¡Bk izpkj&izlkj dj] fnXHkzfer gh vf/kd djrs<br />
utj vk jgs gSaA vkt fizUV o bySDVªksfud ehfM;k izpkj&izlkj<br />
gsrq }kj ls }kj rFkk O;fDr ls O;fDr dh tsc rd miyC/k<br />
gSA Hkys gh lafo/<strong>kku</strong> }kjk jktuhfrd rFkk lkekftd <strong>lek</strong>urk<br />
LFkkfir djus gsrq tkfr o /keZ ds vk/kkj ij HksnHkkoksa dks fuf"k)<br />
?kksf"kr fd;k gks ijUrq ;s nksuksa rRo vkt Hkh <strong>Hkkjr</strong>h; jktuhfr<br />
dk vk/kkj cus gq, gSA pquko <strong>esa</strong> fVfdV forj.k ls ysdj<br />
efU=e.My fuekZ.k rd tkfr o /keZ vk/kkfjr lehdj.k gh<br />
egRoiw.kZ Hkwfedk fuHkkrs gSaA bl<strong>esa</strong> dksbZ jktuhfrd ny fo'ks"k<br />
dh Hkwfedk ugha vfirq izR;sd ny dh dk;Zokgh mDr nksuksa rRoksa<br />
ls gh lapkfyr gksrh gS D;ksa dh vkt Hkh <strong>Hkkjr</strong> <strong>esa</strong> xzkeh.k<br />
tula[;k vf/kd gS rFkk xkaoksa eas f'k{kk dk iw.kZr% fodkl ugha<br />
gks ik;k gS <strong>vkSj</strong> f'k{kk ds vHkko <strong>esa</strong> xzkeh.k ernkrk jktuhfrd<br />
izR;kf'k;ksa dh ;ksX;rk] vuqHko rFkk dk;Z{kerk dks u rks le><br />
ikrs gS blfy, jktuhfrd nyksa o izR;kf'k;ksa }kjk tkfr rFkk<br />
/keZ ds uke ij izHkkfor fd;k tkrk gS vFkkZr HkkoukRed :i<br />
ls mUgsa viuh rjQ vkdf"kZr dj fy;k tkrk gSA<br />
vkt yksdrU= ds le{k jktuSfrd rFkk iz'kklfud<br />
Hkz"Vkpkj] xjhch] tkfr&/keZ dk c
International Indexed & Refereed Research Journal, ISSN-0975-3486,(Print) E-ISSN-2320-5482, April, 2014 , VOL- V * ISSUE 55<br />
gksdj lPpkbZ ugha le> ikrh gSA tSlk dh gSjkYM ykWLdh<br />
us Hkh dgk gS fd izsl vius dkS'ky ls rF;ksa dks Nqikdj <strong>vkSj</strong><br />
rksM&ejksM+dj fdlh Hkh uhfr dks vPNh ;k cqjh cuk ldrh<br />
gSA gekjh lEink us vkt ,sls vfHkdj.kksa dks tUe ns fn;k gS<br />
tks >¡B dks lp fl) djus <strong>esa</strong> gh fyIr gSA 5 efgykvksa dk vHkh<br />
rd jktuhfr <strong>esa</strong> i;kZIr izfrfuf/kRo ugha gksuk Hkh ,d l'kDr<br />
pqukSrh dgh tkuh pkfg;s A<br />
efgyk izfrfu/kRo ds {ks= <strong>esa</strong> <strong>Hkkjr</strong> ckaXykns'k ihNs o<br />
ikfdLrku ls Hkh ihNs gSa D;ksafd gekjs ;g<strong>k¡</strong> vHkh rd efgyk<br />
izfrfuf/kRo 11 izfr'kr gh gS tcfd ckaXykns'k o ikfdLrku<br />
<strong>esa</strong> Øe'k% 19-7 izfr'kr o 20-7 izfr'kr gS tcfd vU; {ks=ksa<br />
<strong>esa</strong> <strong>Hkkjr</strong> mDr nksuksa gh ns'kksa ls dkQh vf/kd l{ke gSA efgyk<br />
vkj{k.k fcy dk tks gJ gks j[kk gS lHkh blls fofnr gSA tc<br />
ns'k dh vk/kh vkcknh vius jktuhfrd vf/kdkjksa vFkkZr<br />
jktLF<strong>kku</strong> izfrfuf/kRo dks izkIr ugha dj ikbZ rks dkSulk<br />
yksdrU= ge fodflr djrs tk jgs gSa] bl ij 'kh?kz gh fpUru<br />
djuk gksxkA<br />
bl izdkj fo'o ds lcls cM+s yksdrU= ds le{k<br />
vkt vusdkusd] leL;k,¡ o <strong>pqukSfr</strong>;<strong>k¡</strong> eq¡g ck;s [kM+h gS ftudk<br />
lgh oDr ij <strong>lek</strong>/<strong>kku</strong> ugha fd;k x;k rks Hkfo"; ds fy,<br />
vR;kf/kd eqf'dys c
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