Environmental Social Studies in Tamil - Jeywin

1. Eÿ÷˜{ıUSu¿ (Observation)
2. ˜{∫UPın¿ (Interview)
3. £[˜Pÿ”¿ (Participation)
4. “Œ ¬¡µ[P¯Õ® £Szuı¥u¿ (Data Processing)
5. £Szuı¥¢u¡ÿ¯” ¬¡∂zu¿ (Interpretation)
C¡ÿ÷“ PÕ®£o∞¿, ˜{µiØıPU ˜Pmh‘≤Æ
˜{∫UPın¿ J∏ Ai®£¯h ¨¯”ØıSÆ. Cufl ≠ªÆ
ˆ£”®£kÆ “Œ¬¡µ[P“ C÷v∞¿ ˜u¯¡®£kÆ
A‘U¯P∞¯⁄ G x¡uÿS PƒÆ Eu¬ØıP C∏USÆ.
G¿ªı¬u©ı⁄ PÕ®£o∞æÆ ¬¡µÆ u∏Æ A‘U¯P
G xu¿ (Interpretation / Explanation) uıfl ¨i¡ı⁄a
ˆ\تıSÆ. PÕ®£o∞¿ Dk£mh G¢u J∏
©ın¡⁄ıæÆ Psh‘≤Æ v”¯⁄≤Æ, A‘U¯P G xÆ
¨¯”¯Ø≤Æ A‘¢x ˆPı“Õ ¨iQfl”x. ˆ£ıx¡ıP,
PÕ®£oz ˆuıh∫£ı⁄a ˆ\Ø¿PŒ¿ Eÿ÷ ˜{ıUSuæÆ
(Observation), A‘U¯P G xuæÆ (Report Writing)
¨UQØ©ı⁄ ˆ\Ø¿PÕıSÆ.
£µ® \ı∫£ı⁄ ©ıv∂PŒfl ¡¯PP“ (Types of
Spatial Sampling) : ¨fl¨¯⁄¢x ©ıv∂ ˆu∂¢ˆukzu¿
(Exploratory Sampling) : J∏ £Sv¯Ø® £ÿ‘ Gxƒ˜©
ˆu∂Øı©¿ C∏¢uıæÆ, A¿ªx ˜£ıx©ı⁄ uP¡¿P“
ˆu∂Øı©¿ C∏¢uıæÆ, A¢u £Sv¯Ø® £ÿ‘ ˆu∂¢x
ˆPı“¡uÿS ¨uº¿ ¨fl¨¯⁄¢x ©ıv∂ ˆu∂¢ˆukzu¿
¨¯”¯Ø (Exploratory Sampling) P¯h®§izu¿ ˜¡skÆ.
Cx J∏ ¨u¿ ¨Øÿ]ØıP A¯©¢x, ˆ£ıx¡ı⁄z
uP¡¿P“ {©USU Q¯hUP Eu¬ØıP C∏USÆ.
GkzxUPımhıP, FµP ¡Õ∫a] ¯©ØÆ Jfl‘¿
£o∂≤Æ J∏¡¯µ J∏ S‘®§mh Qµı©zv¿ Gzu¯⁄
√kPŒ¿ √miÿS E“˜Õ usp∫ S«ı¥ C¯n®
E“Õx Gfl÷ PnUˆPkUSÆ£i £ozx“ÕuıP
¯¡zxUˆPı“˜¡ıÆ. C¢u®£o¯Ø ˆ\¥Ø ¨fl
¨¯⁄¢x ©ıv∂ ˆu∂¢ˆukzu¿ ¨¯”¯Ø
RÃUPsh¡ı÷ £Øfl£kzuªıÆ. A¯⁄zx® £SvUSÆ
ˆ\fl÷ ˆ¡Œ®” A¯”P“ E“Õ √kP¯Õ ©mkÆ
£ı∫zx A¡ÿ‘¿ Gzu¯⁄ √kPŒ¿ Em” S«ı¥
422
C¯n® E“Õx Gfl÷ Psk A‘تıÆ. C¢u
PnUˆPk®§fl˜£ıx, A¢u® £Sv¯Ø® £ÿ‘Ø ©ÿ”
uP¡¿P–Æ ˆu∂Ø¡∏Æ. C¢u ¨¯”¯ØU ¯PØı–¡ufl
≠ªÆ Bµı¥a]ØıÕ∫P“ Cx¡¯µ ˜Pı∫¯¡®£kzu®
£hıu uP¡¿ (Undocumented) £ÿ‘Ø |ª¡¯µ® £h[P“
uØı∂UP ¡»¡SUSÆ.
C¢u |ª¡¯µ®£h[P“ ¨ ¡xÆ ¡¯µØ®£hıu
|¯ª∞¿ C∏¢uı¿ Th, C¤ ˜©ÿˆPı“Õ® ˜£ıSÆ
B¥¬ÿS Cx J∏ ¨uÿ£iØıP A¯©≤Æ.
£ØnÆ ˆ\fl÷ ©ıv∂ ˆu∂¢ˆukzu¿ (Reconnaissance
Sampling) : J∏ £Sv¯Ø® £ÿ‘ KµÕƒ uP¡¿P“
˜\P∂UP® £mk, ˜©æÆ ˜¡÷£ª uP¡¿P“ ˜\P∂UP®£h
˜¡si ∞∏®§fl, £ØnÆ ˆ\fl÷ ©ıv∂ ˆu∂¢ˆukzu¿
¨¯”¯Ø P¯h®§iUPªıÆ. C¢u ¨¯” S÷QØ
Pıªzv¿, S¯”¢u ˆ\ª¬¿ ¯PØıÕ®£mk, ¨fl
¨¯⁄¢x ˆu∂¢ˆukzu¿ ¨¯”¯ØU PımiæÆ ¨i¢u
AÕƒ Tkuªı⁄z uP¡¿P¯Õ ˜\P∂UP®
£Øfl£kQfl”x. 1920&BÆ Bsk ˆ©U͘Pı {ımifl
¡h˜©ÿS ¡mhıµzv¿ ¯uˆ£ı∏“ Bµı¥a]
¨UQØzx¡Æ ¡ı¥¢u Ch[P¯Õz ˆu∂ƒ ˆ\¥¡uÿPıP,
Czx¯”¯Ø E∏¡ıUQØ hı⁄ı¿m i. §µısm (Donald D.
Brand) A¡∫P–Æ A¡∏¯hØ ¡»PımiØı⁄ Pı∫¿ K.
\ıØ∫ (Carl O. Sauer) A¡∫P–Æ C¢u ¨¯”¯ØU
¯PØıshx J∏ ]”¢u GkzxUPımhıP ¬Õ[SQfl”x.
C¡∫P–US ¨fl Bµı¥a] ˆ\¥u¡∫P“ ¯uˆ£ı∏“
Bµı¥a] Ch[P“ ]ª C∏UQfl”⁄ Gfl£¯u ©mk˜©
¨fl¨¯⁄¢x ˆu∂¢ ˆukzu¿ ¨¯” ≠ªÆ A‘¢uı∫P“.
§µıskÆ, \ıØ∏Æ Pı∂¿ ˆ\¿æƈ£ı x ]ª
\©ØÆ Pı∫ £ u¯h¢x |fl÷¬kÆ. A®£i |ÿSÆ
ˆ£ı ˆu¿ªıÆ, A∏Q¿ H˜u›Æ Sfl÷ C∏¢uı¿ \ıØ∫
A[S ˆ\fl÷ Bµı¥a] {hzx¡ı∫. Pı∫ £ x
£ı∫UP®£mk, Pı∂fl CØ¢vµÆ CØ[P BµÆ§zuƒhfl
Aufl \zuÆ ˜Pmk Pı∏USz v∏Ƨ ¡∏¡ı∫. Hˆ⁄¤¿,
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