Environmental Social Studies in Tamil - Jeywin
Environmental Social Studies in Tamil - Jeywin
Environmental Social Studies in Tamil - Jeywin
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ˆuı»¿ ˆPı“¯P∞¿ £ª©ı÷u¿P¯Õ≤Æ Hÿ£kzv⁄.<br />
Afl¤Ø Eu¬ AvP AÕ¬¿ ˜Pıµ®£mhx.<br />
3. ≠fl”ı¡x I¢uıskz vmhÆ (1961 & 1966) : Cufl<br />
˜{ıUPÆ {ık ufl¤¯”ƒ ˆ£÷¡xuıfl. B⁄ı¿ ˜u]Ø<br />
¡Õz¯u® £Øfl£kzx¡v¿ Hÿ£mh ]UPªıæÆ<br />
ˆ£ı∏Õıuıµa ˆ\Ø¿ ¨¯”P“ Afl¤Ø ¨uΩm¯ha<br />
\ı∫¢x C∏¢uuıæÆ Gv∫£ı∫zu ˆ¡ÿ‘¯Ø®<br />
ˆ£”¬¿¯ª.<br />
4. Bskz vmh[P“ (1966 & 67 & 68, 68 & 69) :<br />
≠fl”ı¡x I¢uıskz vmh ˜uı¿¬∞⁄ı¿ S¢u<br />
ˆ{∏UPi¯Ø \©ıŒUP Bskz vmh[P“<br />
˜£ıh®£mh⁄. ˆuıh∫a] ØıP ≠fl÷ BskP“,<br />
Bskz vmh[P“ ©mk˜© vmhmk<br />
ˆ\Ø¿£kzu®£mh⁄.<br />
5. {ıflPı¡x I¢uıskz vmhÆ (1969 & 1974) : Cufl<br />
˜{ıUPÆ ˜¡P©ı⁄® ˆ£ı∏Õıuıµ ¡Õ∫a], ˜©æÆ<br />
\≠Pzvæ“Õ Hÿ”z uıÃP¯ÕU P¯Õ¡x, ¡ıÃU¯Pz<br />
uµz¯u EØ∫zx¡x BSÆ. Czvmhzv¿ §flu[QØ<br />
£SvP–US ¨fl›∂¯© AŒUP®£mhx. |¯ªØı⁄,<br />
ufl¤¯”ƒ A¯h¢u ˆ£ı∏Õıuıµz¯u® ˆ£”, Au¯⁄<br />
˜©Æ£kzx¡xuıfl Cufl S‘U˜Pı“. B⁄ı¿ £n<br />
√UP¨Æ, £ª ˜£ıµımh[P–Æ, \≠Pzv¿ Hÿ£mh<br />
S«®£[P–Æ, u¯hP–Æ Gv∫£ı∫zu ˆ¡ÿ‘¯Øz<br />
uµ¬¿¯ª.<br />
6. I¢uı¡x I¢uıskz vmhÆ (1974 & 1979) :<br />
Hï©¯Ø }US¡x, }shPıª Ai®£¯h∞¿ 1974 &<br />
75&º∏¢x 1985 & 86 ¡¯µ ˜£ıh®£mhx. §fl⁄∫<br />
Bskz vmh[PÕıP ©ıÿ”®£mhx. _«¿ vmh[P“<br />
E∏¡ıUQ §fl⁄∫ Au¯⁄≤Æ u“–£i<br />
ˆ\¥x¬mh⁄∫.<br />
7. B”ı¡x I¢uıskz vmhÆ (1980 & 1985) :<br />
ˆ£ıx¡ı⁄ ¡Õ∫a]˜Ø Cufl S‘U˜PıÕıSÆ. I¢uısk<br />
vmh[PŒ ⁄ı¿ ©ıÿ”Æ Hÿ£mhx Gfl£x C¢u<br />
I¢uıskz vmhzv¿ C∏¢xuıfl ˆu∂Ø¡¢ux.<br />
390<br />
8. H«ı¡x I¢uıskz vmhÆ (1985 & 1990) : Enƒ<br />
uı¤Ø[PŒfl Eÿ£zv¯Ø® ˆ£∏US¡x ˜¡¯ª<br />
¡ı¥® §¯⁄ AvP∂®£x ¨UQØU S‘U˜PıÕıSÆ.<br />
B⁄ı¿ ˆ£ıxzx¯” |÷¡⁄[P“ Gv∫£ı∫zu AÕ¬¿<br />
ˆ\Ø¿£hıu Pıµnzuı¿ CzvmhÆ ˆ¡ÿ‘<br />
ˆ£”¬¿¯ª.<br />
9. Gmhı¡x I¢uıskz vmhÆ (1992 & 1997): 1990&91,<br />
1991&92, BQØ ≠fl÷ BskP–US Bskz<br />
vmh[P“ wmh®£mh⁄. 1992 ¿ I¢uıskz vmhÆ<br />
wmh®£mhx. Cufl ¨UQØ ˜{ıUPÆ ©¤u¡Õ<br />
˜©Æ£ık, u¤Øı∫ ©Ø©ıu¿, ˆ£ıxzx¯” |÷¡⁄[<br />
P¯ÕU S¯”zu¿, ˆ£ı∏Õıuıµa ^µ¯©® ˆ\¥u¿<br />
BQد¡ØıSÆ. Cx KµÕƒ ˆ¡ÿ‘ ˆ£ÿ” vmhÆ<br />
BSÆ. ˆ£ı∏Õıuıµ _u¢vµÆ ˆ©x¡ıP E∏¡ı⁄x.<br />
10. Jfl£uı¡x I¢uıskzvmhÆ (1997 & 2002) :<br />
©¤u¡Õ ˜©Æ£ık, u¤Øı∫©Ø©ıu¿, u¤Øı∫<br />
x¯”US ¡ı¥®U ˆPıkzu¿ BQØ¡ÿ‘ÿS AvP<br />
¨UQØzx¡Æ AŒUP® £mhx. ^µ¯©®<br />
ˆuıhµ®£mhx. EªP©Ø©ıuºfl Pıµn©ıP<br />
ˆ¡Œ{ımk ¨uΩkP“ C¢vØı¬¿ ¨uΩk<br />
ˆ\¥Ø®£mk ˆuı»ªP[P“ BµÆ§UP®£mh⁄. C¢vØ<br />
©UPmˆuı¯P Eÿ£zv® ˆ£ı∏mP¯Õ ¬ÿP {¿ª<br />
\¢¯u Gfl£¯u |π§zux.<br />
2001 ˆ\®hÆ£∫ 9/11 ¿ Hÿ£mh ]‘x uÕ∫a]US® §”S<br />
C¢vØı uP¡¿ ˆuı»¿ ~m£zv¿ (IT) ¨fl˜⁄‘<br />
¡∏Qfl”x.<br />
11. £zuı¡x I¢uıskz vmh[P“ (2002 & 2007) :<br />
Enƒ uı¤Ø[P“, £∏® ¡¯PP“, Gsˆn¥<br />
¬zxUP“ BQد¡P“ Eÿ£zv AvP∂USÆ Gfl÷<br />
Gv∫£ı∫UP®£kQ”x. AvP ©UP“ ˆuı¯P<br />
ˆ£∏UPzvæÆ S‘®§hzuUP AÕ¬¿ ¡÷¯©U ˜Pım<br />
iÿSURà E“Õ¡∫PŒfl GsoU¯P S¯”≤Æ Gfl”<br />
Gv∫£ı∫® E“Õx.<br />
391
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