Scanlon's Latin Grammar - Essan.org

e) Juxta as a preposition governs the accusative and may be used
literally (near, next to, close by) or figuratively (together with, connected
with, in accordance with).
68 SECOND LATIN
2. Some prepositions.
a) Ad always governs the accusative and is used in the sense of
to, towards, at, near, till.
Remanebat hie ad nonam horam. He rematned here until three
o'clock·
Ad civitatem eo. I go to the city.
b) Contra governs the accusative and has the general meaning of
opposite or against.
Contra haec est id quod philosophus dicit. Against this is what the
philosopher says.
Contra montem expectabat exercitus. The army waited opposite the
hill.
c) De governs the ablative and may mean from, down from, of,
concerning, about, out of.
De caclo demissus est. He was sent down from heaven.
De ilIa re nihil cognoscimus. We know nothing about that matter.
Unus de turba venit ad loquendum ei. One of the crowd came to
speak to him.
d) In may govern the accusative or the ablative; with the former
it means into, for, till, totuard. Some idea of motion toward a goal
is conveyed. With the ablative this preposition is used in the general
sense of in, on, among.
In Jerusalem introivit. He entered l~rusalem.
In lucem ignem spectabant. They watched the fire until daybreak.
Cognoscimus quod maculae in sole apparent. We know that spots
appear on the sun.
In famulis nostris puer salvus est. The child is safe among OUT S~tI­
ants.