codnis Sefaseba da testuri gamocda. testis dizaini da misi Sedgenis ...
codnis Sefaseba da testuri gamocda. testis dizaini da misi Sedgenis ...
codnis Sefaseba da testuri gamocda. testis dizaini da misi Sedgenis ...
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samedicino gazeTi Tebervali 2010 gv.4<br />
testiT Sefasebis<br />
`Zlieri~ mxare<br />
- advili <strong>da</strong> swrafia <strong>da</strong>sajameblad<br />
- naklebia subieqturoba<br />
- maRalia sarwmunooba (roca<br />
kargad aris agebuli)<br />
- SeiZleba <strong>codnis</strong> didi maragis<br />
erTjeradi, swrafi Semowmeba<br />
- SeiZleba bevri magaliTis<br />
moyvana erTi <strong>da</strong> igive masali<strong>da</strong>n<br />
- advilad iqmneba kiTxvebis<br />
banki<br />
- mizni<strong>da</strong>n gamomdinare, moqnilia<br />
modelirebisaTvis<br />
magaliTi<br />
mmarTveli<br />
fraza<br />
RerZi<br />
gar<strong>da</strong> amisa, arsebobs e.w. `ganvrcobili<br />
Sesatyvisobis kiTxvebic~, romlebsac,<br />
aseve, `mravlobiTi arCevanis MCQ-s~ miakuTvneben.<br />
am tipis testebi sadReisod<br />
farTed gamoiyeneba klinikuri swavlebis<br />
nawilSi ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis miRebisa <strong>da</strong><br />
diagnozis <strong>da</strong>smis unaris Sesafaseblad.<br />
testi erTi swori pasuxiT<br />
`testi erTi swori (yvelaze swori) pasuxiT~<br />
Sedgeba mmarTveli frazisa <strong>da</strong><br />
RerZisgan, romelic Tavis mxriv, xuTi<br />
alternatiuli pasuxisagan, variantisagan,<br />
Sedgeba. xuTi pasuxi<strong>da</strong>n, Cveulebriv,<br />
erTia swori, xolo <strong>da</strong>narCeni crua, maT<br />
distraqtorebi (`distraction - <strong>da</strong>bneva, yuradRebis<br />
gafantva) ewodebaT.<br />
<strong>testis</strong> `RerZis~ agebis dros<br />
un<strong>da</strong> gaviTvaliswinoT:<br />
- mniSvneloba mivceT Sinaarss <strong>da</strong> ara<br />
trivialuri faqtebis <strong>da</strong>saxelebas.<br />
- ufro mniSvnelovania <strong>codnis</strong> gamoye-<br />
testiT Sefasebis<br />
`susti~ mxare<br />
-<strong>codnis</strong> maragSi zewola xdeba `sworiaarasworia~-ze<br />
- albaTobis didi SesaZleblobaa (yovelgvari<br />
<strong>codnis</strong> gareSe pasuxebis 20-25% SesaZlebelia<br />
iyos swori)<br />
- testSi moyvanili situaciebi realuri<br />
praqtikisaTvis xSirad ararealuria (TiTqmis<br />
verasdros movxvdebiT situaciaSi, roca<br />
versiebad moyvanili oTxi SesaZleblobi<strong>da</strong>n<br />
un<strong>da</strong> amovirCioT erTi swori)<br />
- ver vgebulobT, ra gziT midis gamosacdeli<br />
swor pasuxamde<br />
- xels uwyobs swavlis Taviseburi stilis<br />
Camoyalibebas, rac emyareba mxolod swori<br />
pasuxebis <strong>da</strong>maxsovrebas<br />
pacients, romelsac aqvs posthepatituri cirozi,<br />
aReniSneba RviZlis zomebis swrafi zr<strong>da</strong> RviZlis funqciebis<br />
<strong>da</strong>qveiTebasTan erTad.<br />
romeli maCveneblis cvlilebaa yvelaze metad mosalodneli<br />
sisxlis laboratoriuli analiziT?<br />
A. α 1 -antitripsini<br />
B. karcinoembrionuli antigeni<br />
C. qorionuli gonadotropini<br />
D. α-fetoproteini*<br />
E. E.gastrini<br />
swori pasuxi<br />
nebis unari, vidre calkeuli faqtebis<br />
<strong>da</strong>maxsovrebis unari (ix. qvemoT blumis<br />
taqsonomiis amsaxveli cxrili).<br />
- <strong>testis</strong> RerZi SeiZleba iyos grZeli,<br />
anu Sedgebodes 5-ze meti variantisgan,<br />
magram variantebi (pasuxebi) un<strong>da</strong> iyos<br />
mokle <strong>da</strong> rac SeiZleba gasagebad formulirebuli.<br />
- klinikuri SemTxvevis aRweris dros<br />
un<strong>da</strong> gaviTvaliswinoT Semdegi faqtorebi<br />
(ramdenime mainc): pacientis asaki <strong>da</strong><br />
sqesi; diagnozis <strong>da</strong>smisa <strong>da</strong> mkurnalobis<br />
adgili (mag., ambulatoria, saavadmyofo,<br />
reanimaciuli ganyofileba <strong>da</strong> sxv.); pacientis<br />
Civilebi <strong>da</strong> maTi xangrZlivoba; pacientis<br />
piradi/ojaxuri mdgomareoba;<br />
instrumentuli/laboratoriuli kvlevis<br />
monacemebi; diagnostikuri kvlevis<br />
+/_ Sedegebi; informacia adre Catarebuli<br />
mkurnalobis Sesaxeb <strong>da</strong> SemdgomSi<br />
ganviTarebuli movlenebis Sesaxeb.<br />
- moveridoT Warb <strong>da</strong> usargeblo informacias.<br />
- moveridoT `mzakvrul~ <strong>da</strong> zedmetad<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>tvirTul kiTxvebs.<br />
<strong>testis</strong> `mmarTveli frazis~<br />
agebis dros un<strong>da</strong><br />
gaviTvaliswinoT:<br />
- sa<strong>da</strong>c es SesaZlebelia, CamovayaliboT<br />
pir<strong>da</strong>piri kiTxva, vidre arasruli<br />
mtkicebuleba.<br />
- moveridoT negatiurad agebul mi-<br />
TiTebebs (mag., iseTi sityvebis xmarebas,<br />
rogoricaa `gar<strong>da</strong>~, `ara~). Tu iZulebuli<br />
xarT gamoiyenoT negatiuri frazebi,<br />
ixmareT rac SeiZleba mokle (sjobs erTsityviani)<br />
maTgani.<br />
- pasuxis gacema SesaZlebeli un<strong>da</strong> iyos<br />
mmarTveli frazis mixedviT, variantebis<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>xedvis gareSec.<br />
<strong>testis</strong> `variantebis~<br />
agebis dros<br />
un<strong>da</strong> gaviTvaliswinoT:<br />
- <strong>da</strong>vweroT iseTi variantebi, romlebic<br />
gramatikulad erTnairad aris<br />
nawarmoebi, logikurad SeTavsebadia <strong>da</strong><br />
homogenuri.<br />
- variantebi un<strong>da</strong> iyos urTierTgamomricxavi.<br />
- distraqtorebi un<strong>da</strong> iyos <strong>da</strong>majerebeli,<br />
ucodinari gamosacdelisaTvis<br />
`mimzidveli~.<br />
- distraqtori <strong>da</strong>axloebiT igive sigrZis<br />
un<strong>da</strong> iyos, rogoric swori varianti.<br />
- pasuxebSi un<strong>da</strong> moveridoT iseTi absolutebis<br />
gamoyenebas, rogoricaa<br />
`yovelTvis~, `arasodes~, `yvela~ <strong>da</strong> iseT<br />
bundovan sityvebs, rogoricaa `Cveulebriv~<br />
<strong>da</strong> `xSirad~.<br />
- un<strong>da</strong> moveridoT variantebs `arcer-<br />
Ti zemoTqmuli~ <strong>da</strong> `yvela zemoTqmuli~.<br />
- cifrebis Semcveli variantebi un<strong>da</strong><br />
iyos logikurad Tanmimdevruli.<br />
- variantebis CamoTvla un<strong>da</strong> xdebodes<br />
logikuri an anbanuri TanmimdevrobiT.<br />
- tests, <strong>Sedgenis</strong> Semdeg, kidev erTxel<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>avleT Tvali <strong>da</strong> <strong>da</strong>rwmundiT, rom<br />
namdvilad erTi pasuxia swori an yvelaze<br />
swori.<br />
testi ramdenime swori pasuxiT<br />
rogor zemoT aRvniSneT, `kiTxva mravlobiTi<br />
arCevaniT~ (MCQ) aris testi,<br />
romlis RerZi Sedgeba ramdenime alternatiuli<br />
variantisagan, romelTa Soris<br />
SeiZleba ramdenime pasuxi iyos swori (ix.<br />
magaliTi). aseTi tipis testi erTpasuxian<br />
testTan Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT rTulia, gamosacdelis<br />
intuicias naklebad `emor-<br />
Cileba~, ga<strong>da</strong>wyvetilebis met unars moi-<br />
Txovs <strong>da</strong> pasuxis gasacema<strong>da</strong>c meti dro<br />
sWirdeba. ramdenimesworpasuxiani <strong>testis</strong><br />
sarwmunoebis maCvenebeli, iseve<br />
rogorc, saerTod, <strong>testuri</strong> meTodebis<br />
sarwmunoeba maRalia, rac imas niSnavs,<br />
rom nebismieri gamomcdeli erTsa <strong>da</strong><br />
imave testSi erTsa <strong>da</strong> imave <strong>Sefaseba</strong>s<br />
un<strong>da</strong> aZlevdes.<br />
ramdenimesworpasuxiani <strong>testis</strong> Sedgena<br />
rTulia <strong>da</strong> amis gamo mas xSirad eridebian<br />
kidec. <strong>testis</strong> konstruqciis dros<br />
mniSvnelovania distraqtorebis (cru<br />
variantebis) sakmarisi raodenobiT arseboba<br />
<strong>da</strong> kargi balansi, romelic swori<br />
pasuxebisa <strong>da</strong> distraqtorebis ricxvs<br />
Soris iqmneba. amasTanave, Zalian mniSvnelovania,<br />
rom swori variantebi namdvilad,<br />
<strong>da</strong>majereblad iyos swori, xolo<br />
distraqtorebi ki - <strong>da</strong>majereblad cru.<br />
Se<strong>da</strong>rebiT sirTules qmnis aseTi tipis<br />
testebis <strong>da</strong>jamebis procesic.<br />
ramdenimesworpasuxiani testi Sedgeba<br />
mmarTveli frazisa <strong>da</strong> erTi RerZisgan,<br />
romelic Tavis mxriv, oTxi alternatiuli<br />
variantisagan Sedgeba. oTxi varianti<strong>da</strong>n,<br />
SeiZleba erTi an ramdenime iyos<br />
swori, xolo <strong>da</strong>narCeni crua. variantebis<br />
CamoTvla xdeba ricxviTi TanmimdevrobiT,<br />
xolo pasuxis Sedgena – anbanuriT.<br />
mmarTvel frazas win savaldebulod<br />
un<strong>da</strong> uZRvodes miTiTeba, sa<strong>da</strong>c<br />
aRniSnuli iqneba am tipis testiT sargeblobis<br />
wesi (ix. magaliTi A).<br />
rogorc magaliTebi<strong>da</strong>n Cans, ramdenimesworpasuxiani<br />
<strong>testis</strong> variantebis<br />
ricxvi gansxvavdeba pasuxebis ricxvisagan.<br />
kidev erTxel xazs vusvamT, rom variantebi<br />
inomreba, xolo pasuxebs anbanuri<br />
principiT vadgenT.<br />
ramdenimesworpasuxiani <strong>testis</strong><br />
agebis dros un<strong>da</strong><br />
gaviTvaliswinoT:<br />
- mniSvneloba mivceT Sinaarss <strong>da</strong> ara<br />
wvrilmani, umniSvnelo faqtebis <strong>da</strong>saxelebas.<br />
- variantebi un<strong>da</strong> iyos mokle <strong>da</strong> rac<br />
SeiZleba gasagebad formulirebuli.<br />
- klinikuri SemTxvevis aRweris dros<br />
un<strong>da</strong> gaviTvaliswinoT Semdegi faqtorebi<br />
(ramdenime mainc): pacientis asaki <strong>da</strong><br />
sqesi; diagnozis <strong>da</strong>smisa <strong>da</strong> mkurnalobis<br />
adgili (mag., ambulatoria, saavadmyofo,<br />
reanimaciuli ganyofileba <strong>da</strong> sxv.); pacientis<br />
Civilebi <strong>da</strong> maTi xangrZlioba; pacientis<br />
piradi/ojaxuri mdgomareoba;<br />
instrumentuli/laboratoriuli kvlevis<br />
monacemebi; diagnostikuri kvlevis<br />
+/_ Sedegebi; informacia adre Catarebuli<br />
mkurnalobis Sesaxeb <strong>da</strong> SemdgomSi<br />
ganviTarebuli movlenebis Sesaxeb.<br />
zmnebi, romlebic mizanSewonilia gamoviyenoT testebis <strong>Sedgenis</strong> dros mizanmimarTulad, sasurveli Sedegis (<strong>codnis</strong>, unaris) Sesafaseblad<br />
blumis taqsonomia<br />
codna gaazreba gamoyeneba analizi sinTezi <strong>Sefaseba</strong><br />
ganmarte gar<strong>da</strong>qmeni gamoiyene gaaanalize <strong>da</strong>alage Seafase<br />
moniSne aRwere gamoiTvale Seafase <strong>da</strong>ajgufe imsjele<br />
CamoTvale imsjele aCvene <strong>da</strong>iTvale Seagrove Seamowme<br />
<strong>da</strong>asaxele gaarCie aamuSave kategoriebad <strong>da</strong>yavi Seadgine SearCie<br />
gaixsene Seajame ga<strong>da</strong>itane klasifikacia gaakeTe aage Sea<strong>da</strong>re<br />
gamoicani axseni magaliTi moiyvane Sea<strong>da</strong>re Seqmeni gaakritike<br />
gaimeore gamoxate interpretacia moaxdine <strong>da</strong>upirispire gaaforme Gga<strong>da</strong>wyvetileba miiRe<br />
Camowere ganasxvave ga<strong>da</strong>akeTe gaakritike Ddiagnozi <strong>da</strong>usvi Seajame<br />
<strong>da</strong>alage moaTavse imoqmede <strong>da</strong>skvna gamoitane Camoayalibe mniSvneloba gansazRvre<br />
gamoicani Seasrule diagrama Seadgine awarmoe <strong>da</strong>adgine<br />
<strong>da</strong>were awarmoe diferenciaciamoaxdine hipoTeza gamoTqvi <strong>da</strong>a<strong>da</strong>sture<br />
Camoayalibe ivaraude ganasxvave moifiqre gazome<br />
moyevi moamzade gamoscade marTe Tanafardoba gansazRvre<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>akeTe <strong>da</strong>gegme Seamowme Secvale ga<strong>da</strong>xede<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>Targmne warmoidgine ZiriTadi principebi organizacia gaukeTe <strong>da</strong>ajame<br />
Camoayalibe<br />
moixmare kiTxvebi <strong>da</strong>svi <strong>da</strong>gegme SearCie<br />
<strong>da</strong>ukavSire moamzade<br />
ga<strong>da</strong>wyvite azri gamoTqvi<br />
scade Seajame
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