enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebi ISSUES OF LINGUISTICS - Tbilisi State ...
enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebi ISSUES OF LINGUISTICS - Tbilisi State ... enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebi ISSUES OF LINGUISTICS - Tbilisi State ...
ucxouridanaa Semosuli qarTulSi, maTi raodenoba ganmartebiTi leqsikonis mixedviT erT aTeulsac ver aRwevs, magram dReisTvis maTi raodenoba, bunebrivia, gaizarda. yvela maTgans, orTografiuli leqsikonis rekomendaciiT, naTesaobiTsa da moqmedebiTSi bolokiduri e Senar- Cunebuli unda hqondes da, bunebrivia, mrCobli i maTTan ar gveqneba (atelie _ atelies, atelieTi). magram es wesi yovelTvis ar aris daculi da zogjer irRveva. SeiZleba, magaliTad, Segvxvdes `ateliis~ da misTanani. es mainc iSviaTobaa. samagierod, msgavsi viTareba marTlac Zalze xSirad gvxvdeba ia daboloebian sityvebSi, romlebic gacilebiT mravalricxovania (qarTulic da, gansakuTrebiT _ ucxouri). wesis mixedviT, am rigis sityvebs ori i SenarCunebuli unda hqondes da aqvs kidec (kalia _ kaliis, kaliiT), magram aris erTi gansakuTrebuli SemTxveva: roca ia daboloebian sityvebs daerTvis sityvaTmawarmoebeli ian sufiqsi, didi siWrelea: gvxvdeba rogorc arSiiani, ise arSiani, rogorc seriiani, ise seriani. am siWrelis mosagvareblad am sakiTxze arsebobs sagangebo gamokvleva, romlis mixedviTac mocemulia rekomendacia: umjobesia ori i SevinarCunoT. 10 amitom am sakiTxs aq ar Sevexebi. mrCobli i-s erTi gansakuTrebuli SemTxveva gvaqvs ucxouri leqsikidan: sayovelTaodaa gavrcelebuli malais arqipelagi, biskais yure, havais Stati. am magaliTebSi mrCobli i TiTqmis arsad gvxvdeba (mxolod qse wers marTebul biskaiis yures. Sdr. biskais yure: `geografiis enciklopedia da msoflio atlasi~, 2005, gv. 344). erTi i umarTebulod aris Camoklebuli, radgan am cnobili geografiuli saxelebis originaliseuli daweriloba aris malaia (Malaya), biskaia (Golfo de Vizcaya) da havaii (Hawaii), ris gamoc naTesaobiT brunvaSi erTmaneTis gverdiT ori i xvdeba: malaiis, biskaiis, havaiis. adre saudis arabeTis dedaqalaqs erriiadad moixseniebdnen, axla ki er-riads (an: el-riads) weren. E. dabolos, mrCobli u-s Sesaxeb. ori u gvxvdeba iseT saxelebSi, romlebSic uaryofiTobis maCvenebeli u- -o konfiqsi u-Ti dawyebul sityvas erTvis: uunaro, uuflebo... meore SesaZlebeli Sexvedra ori u-si zmnur formebSi xdeba, roca sasxviso qcevis u niSans mosdevs u bgeriT dawyebuli fuZe: gauuqma, dauuTova, gauumjobesa... sadme iSviaTi magaliTi Tu ar gamoeria, amgvar SemTxvevebSi, rogorc wesi, gadaxra ar SeimCneva da mrCobli u mudam SenarCunebulia. orive saxeoba dadgenil wess eqvemdebareba. 10 i. imnaiSvili, qarTuli saliteraturo enis normalizaciis sakiTxebi. V. orseriani Tu orseriiani? _ `ciskari~, #1, 1971. 56
kidev erTi SemTxveva: urartus enas ra davarqvaT: urartuuli ena Tu urartuli? orTografiuli leqsikonis rekomendaciiT ukanasknelia swori. ratom? aki gramatikis yvela saxelmZRvanelo RaRadebs, u xmovani ar ikvecebao! maSasadame, marTebulia urartuuli. qse-Si aseTi terminebia gamoyenebuli: `urartelebi~, `urartologia~, `urartuli~. u-s mokveca, wesiT, arasworia. pirvel orze amjerad ar SevCerdebi, rac Seexeba mesames, romelSic ori u-s Sexvedra iyo mosalodneli, kiTxva miCndeba: ris safuZvelze amovarda erTi u? gana urartuuli ufro marTebuli ar iqneboda? vnaxoT, ra xdeba analogiur SemTxvevebSi: peru _ perueli, peruuli. gana perus mcxovrebi perelia? nepalis dedaqalaqis, katmandus, mcxovrebs katmandeli unda vuwodoT? ra Tqma unda, ara! am da msgavs SemTxvevebSi (gvinea-bisau, maputu, honsiu, kiusiu, sikoku...) derivaciuli sufiqsebs win u unda SenarCundes. dasasrul, minda erT damaxasiaTebel SemTxvevas Sevexo: xandaxan imis SiSiT, wyvilis cali ar gamomrCeso, zogierT avtors, piriqiT, zedmeti mosdis da ori erTnairi asos nacvlad sams wers an, sadac erTi xmovania saWiro, swored am mizeziT `Tavs izRvevs~ da erT zedmet cals amatebs saxelursa Tu zmnur formaSi (gavixsenoT sakmaod gavrcelebuli gavvocdi /a. sulakauri, Zveli ambavi: `ciskari~, #8, gv. 28; d. kvicariZe, gazafxuli: `literaturuli gazeTi~, #37, 1962/ da misTanani). vnaxoT amgvari magaliTebi: 1) `amisi saimedo garantiaaa rogorc tradicia da norma, ise molaparakeTa enobrivi Segneba (g. wibaxaSvili, Targmanis xelovneba: `literaturuli saqarTvelo~, #5, 1982, gv. 6); 2) kolumbiis mezRvaureebs ase gauCndaT Tambaqos wevis Jini (Tambaqos wevis istoria: `cnobis furceli~, #12, 1985, gv. 11); 3) JorJ diuruas srulebiTac ar examuSeboda es meZaveebi (m. javaxiSvili, rCeuli nawerebi, t. V, 1962, gv. 429 (Targmani gi de mopasanis `lamazi megobrisa~); 4) miyvarda, meyvareba Semodgomis dReebi, mowyeniT netareba da ocnebis frTeebi... ris dReebi! gadian Tveebi da wleebi (m. lebaniZe, axali wignidan: `literaturuli saqarTvelo~, #6, 1986). am SemTxvevaSi frTeebi da wleebi naxmaria dReebi-s SesariTmavad. marTalia, Zvel qarTulSi ixmareba frTe (=kalTa, kudi, frTa, kuTxe, kide, samoseli), magram ara mgonia, rom, roca avtori aq frTes werda, im momentSi Zvel qarTulze fiqrobda; 5) ardadegebis dros zogjer kvireebiT daSoreba uwevdaT (g. gelaSvili, gvifaravs mravali Weri, `ciskari!~, #10, 1973, gv. 21); 6) momdevno kvireebSi (u. manCesteri, prezident kenedis mkvleloba, 1974, gv. 324 /Targmani e. keWaRmaZisa/); 57
- Page 6 and 7: ise leqsikologia-etimologiis sistem
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ucxouridanaa Semosuli qarTulSi, maTi raodenoba ganmartebiTi leqsikonis<br />
mixedviT erT aTeulsac ver aRwevs, magram dReisTvis maTi<br />
raodenoba, bunebrivia, gaizarda. yvela maTgans, orTografiuli leqsikonis<br />
rekomendaciiT, naTesaobiTsa da moqmedebiTSi bolokiduri e Senar-<br />
Cunebuli unda hqondes da, bunebrivia, mrCobli i maTTan ar gveqneba<br />
(atelie _ atelies, atelieTi). magram es wesi yovelTvis ar aris<br />
daculi da zogjer irRveva. SeiZleba, magaliTad, Segvxvdes `ateliis~<br />
da misTanani. es mainc iSviaTobaa. samagierod, msgavsi viTareba marTlac<br />
Zalze xSirad gvxvdeba ia daboloebian sityvebSi, romlebic gacilebiT<br />
mravalricxovania (qarTulic da, gansakuTrebiT _ ucxouri).<br />
wesis mixedviT, am rigis sityvebs ori i SenarCunebuli unda hqondes<br />
da aqvs kidec (kalia _ kaliis, kaliiT), magram aris erTi gansakuTrebuli<br />
SemTxveva: roca ia daboloebian sityvebs daerTvis sityvaTmawarmoebeli<br />
ian sufiqsi, didi siWrelea: gvxvdeba rogorc arSiiani, ise<br />
arSiani, rogorc seriiani, ise seriani. am siWrelis mosagvareblad am<br />
sakiTxze arsebobs sagangebo gamokvleva, romlis mixedviTac mocemulia<br />
rekomendacia: umjobesia ori i SevinarCunoT. 10 amitom am sakiTxs aq ar<br />
Sevexebi.<br />
mrCobli i-s erTi gansakuTrebuli SemTxveva gvaqvs ucxouri leqsikidan:<br />
sayovelTaodaa gavrcelebuli malais arqipelagi, biskais yure,<br />
havais Stati. am magaliTebSi mrCobli i TiTqmis arsad gvxvdeba (mxolod<br />
qse wers marTebul biskaiis yures. Sdr. biskais yure: `geografiis enciklopedia<br />
da msoflio atlasi~, 2005, gv. 344). erTi i umarTebulod<br />
aris Camoklebuli, radgan am cnobili geografiuli saxelebis originaliseuli<br />
daweriloba aris malaia (Malaya), biskaia (Golfo de Vizcaya) da<br />
havaii (Hawaii), ris gamoc naTesaobiT brunvaSi erTmaneTis gverdiT ori<br />
i xvdeba: malaiis, biskaiis, havaiis. adre saudis arabeTis dedaqalaqs erriiadad<br />
moixseniebdnen, axla ki er-riads (an: el-riads) weren.<br />
E. dabolos, mrCobli u-s Sesaxeb.<br />
ori u gvxvdeba iseT saxelebSi, romlebSic uaryofiTobis<br />
maCvenebeli u- -o konfiqsi u-Ti dawyebul sityvas erTvis: uunaro,<br />
uuflebo... meore SesaZlebeli Sexvedra ori u-si zmnur formebSi xdeba,<br />
roca sasxviso qcevis u niSans mosdevs u bgeriT dawyebuli fuZe:<br />
gauuqma, dauuTova, gauumjobesa... sadme iSviaTi magaliTi Tu ar gamoeria,<br />
amgvar SemTxvevebSi, rogorc wesi, gadaxra ar SeimCneva da mrCobli u<br />
mudam SenarCunebulia. orive saxeoba dadgenil wess eqvemdebareba.<br />
10 i. imnaiSvili, qarTuli saliteraturo enis normalizaciis <strong>sakiTxebi</strong>. V. orseriani<br />
Tu orseriiani? _ `ciskari~, #1, 1971.<br />
56
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