enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebi ISSUES OF LINGUISTICS - Tbilisi State ...
enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebi ISSUES OF LINGUISTICS - Tbilisi State ... enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebi ISSUES OF LINGUISTICS - Tbilisi State ...
SemTxvevaSic, rodesac zmna aris erTpiriani, dinamikuri Sinaarsisa da misi subieqti moqmedebs Tavisufali nebiT da akontrolebs situacias (holiski 1987). magaliTad: as (ERG) v-ože-s (ERG) ‘Cemi nebiT, iniciativiT waviqeci’; magram so (NOM) v-ože-s˚(NOM) ‘uneburad waviqeci’. am SezRudvebis gaanalizebis Sedegad SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom erT-erTi semantikuri niSani, romelic gansazRvravs moTxrobiTis gaCenas, aris ‘argumentis Tavisufali neba’. mxolod is saxelebi, romlebic miiCneva Tavisufali nebis mqoned, SeiZleba iyvnen warmodgenilni -s ergativSi. kognitiuri safuZvlebi saxelTa ‘Tavisufali nebis mqoned’ interpretaciisa emyareba socialur, kulturul warmodgenebsa da tradiciebs. zmnuri formebi, aseve, mxars uWeren amgvar daSvebas. klasis markerebTan erTad, romlebic gviCveneben ergatiuli konstruqciis morfosintaqsur variantebs, wova-TuSuris zmnuri forma gviCvenebs piris niSnebsac. nacvalsaxelovani warmoSobis sufiqsebi gamoxataven ergatiul da nominatiur subieqtsac. amdenad, wova-TuSuris zmna SeiZleba kvalificirdes rogorc polipersonaluri: gardamavali zmnebi erTdroulad gviCveneben obieqtis klass (prefiqsebiT) da subieqtis pirs (sufiqsebiT). zogierTi gardauvali zmnac gviCvenebs subieqtis rogorc klass (prefiqsebiT), ise pirs (sufiqsebiT). zmnuri piris niSnebi, aseve, asaxaven I/II:III piris diqotomias: zmnaSi markirebulia mxolod I da II piris subieqtebi, xolo III piri warmodgenilia - Ø-iT. magaliTad: d(O-class)-aq’o-s(S.1.ERG), d(O-class)-exk’o-h(S.2.ERG); magram: d(O-class)-aq’o- Ø (S.3.ERG), d(O-class)-exk’o- Ø(S.3.ERG). amgvarad, wova-TuSuric miiswrafvis komunikaciis aqtSi monawile da aramonawile pirebis dapirispirebis formaluri markirebisken, Tumca kategoriebi, romlebic gansazRvraven morfosintaqsur variantebs, qarTulisgan gansxvavebul ierarqiul mimarTebebs emorCilebian. Sejamebis saxiT unda davaskvnaT _ wova-TuSurSi ergatiul konstruqcia (gansakuTrebiT zmnuri formebi) gansazRvrulia sami pirobiT: saxeli unda iyos (a) agensi, (b) I/II piris da (g) unda moqmedebdes sakuTari ‘Tavisufali nebis’ Sesabamisad. rogorc Cans, wova-TuSurSi ergatiuli konstruqciis tipiuri modelidan, romelic daculia sxva naxur enebSi, ganviTarda axali modeli, dafuZnebuli piris niSnebis I/II:III diqotomiur dapirispirebaze, Tumca klasis niSnebi kvlavindeburad naxuri enebis models inarCuneben _ klasis niSnebis ganawileba ar aris 316
SemosazRvruli piris diqotomiiT da obieqtic ar ganasxvavebs I/II:III dapirispirebas. amgvarad, wova-TuSurisaTvis qarTulisgan gansxvavebuli ierarqiebi unda moqmedebdes da dominanturi kategoriac ara piris kategoriaa, aramed semantikuri rolebia: upirveles yovlisa semantikuri rolebis struqturireba xdeba da ukve momdevno safexurze I/II da III pirebis dapirispirebis formalizeba. 3.2. dominanturi kategoria da ierarqiebi +FW -FW I/II III I/II III FW(Ag) Ø (P) ERG ERG-s NOM ERG-v NOM Ag-class Ag-class Ag-class Ag-class P-class ERG-suf Ø NOM-suf Ø Ø IV. daskvnebi ergatiuli konstruqciis Taviseburebebi wova-TuSurSi, savaraudod, qar- Tuli enis gavleniT SeiZleba aixsnas, ramdenadac swored qarTulSia I/II:III diqotomiis fomaluri markireba dominanturi (asaTiani 1994) da ierarqiulad is sjobnis semantikuri rolebis markirebas. miuxedavad imisa, rom wova-TuSuri garkveulwilad emsgavseba qarTuls _ orive axdens semantikuri rolebisa da I/II:/III diqotomiis formalizebas _ isini gansxvavdebian erTmaneTisgan am kategoriebis ierarqiuli organizebis TvalsazrisiT. qarTulTan mWidro kontaqtebis Sedegad wova-Tu- Surmac daiwyo piris diqotomiis formalizeba, Tumca mxolod ierarqiulad ufro dabal safexurze, klas-kategoriis markirebis momdevnod (klas-kategoriis markireba prototipuli ergatiuli konstruqciebis erT-erTi ganmsazRvreli niSania). amdenad, man SeinarCuna klas-kategoria rogorc ufro Zlieri, da mas ierarqiulad organizebul gramatikul kategoriaTa sistemaSi mianiWa dominanturi funqcia. aseTi Teoriuli midgomiT, cxadi xdeba, rom enaTa amomwuravi tipologiisaTvis ar aris sakmarisi mxolod kategoriaTa gramatikalizaciis pro- 317
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- Page 326 and 327: Notes 1 The research reported here
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SemTxvevaSic, rodesac zmna aris erTpiriani, dinamikuri Sinaarsisa da<br />
misi subieqti moqmedebs Tavisufali nebiT da akontrolebs situacias<br />
(holiski 1987). magaliTad:<br />
as (ERG) v-ože-s (ERG) ‘Cemi nebiT, iniciativiT waviqeci’; magram<br />
so (NOM) v-ože-s˚(NOM) ‘uneburad waviqeci’.<br />
am SezRudvebis gaanalizebis Sedegad SeiZleba vivaraudoT, rom erT-erTi<br />
semantikuri niSani, romelic gansazRvravs moTxrobiTis gaCenas, aris<br />
‘argumentis Tavisufali neba’. mxolod is saxelebi, romlebic miiCneva<br />
Tavisufali nebis mqoned, SeiZleba iyvnen warmodgenilni -s ergativSi.<br />
kognitiuri safuZvlebi saxelTa ‘Tavisufali nebis mqoned’ interpretaciisa<br />
emyareba socialur, kulturul warmodgenebsa da tradiciebs.<br />
zmnuri formebi, aseve, mxars uWeren amgvar daSvebas. klasis markerebTan<br />
erTad, romlebic gviCveneben ergatiuli konstruqciis morfosintaqsur<br />
variantebs, wova-TuSuris zmnuri forma gviCvenebs piris niSnebsac. nacvalsaxelovani<br />
warmoSobis sufiqsebi gamoxataven ergatiul da nominatiur<br />
subieqtsac.<br />
amdenad, wova-TuSuris zmna SeiZleba kvalificirdes rogorc polipersonaluri:<br />
gardamavali zmnebi erTdroulad gviCveneben obieqtis klass<br />
(prefiqsebiT) da subieqtis pirs (sufiqsebiT). zogierTi gardauvali<br />
zmnac gviCvenebs subieqtis rogorc klass (prefiqsebiT), ise pirs<br />
(sufiqsebiT). zmnuri piris niSnebi, aseve, asaxaven I/II:III piris diqotomias:<br />
zmnaSi markirebulia mxolod I da II piris subieqtebi, xolo III<br />
piri warmodgenilia - Ø-iT. magaliTad:<br />
d(O-class)-aq’o-s(S.1.ERG), d(O-class)-exk’o-h(S.2.ERG);<br />
magram: d(O-class)-aq’o- Ø (S.3.ERG), d(O-class)-exk’o- Ø(S.3.ERG).<br />
amgvarad, wova-TuSuric miiswrafvis komunikaciis aqtSi monawile da<br />
aramonawile pirebis dapirispirebis formaluri markirebisken, Tumca kategoriebi,<br />
romlebic gansazRvraven morfosintaqsur variantebs, qarTulisgan<br />
gansxvavebul ierarqiul mimarTebebs emorCilebian.<br />
Sejamebis saxiT unda davaskvnaT _ wova-TuSurSi ergatiul konstruqcia<br />
(gansakuTrebiT zmnuri formebi) gansazRvrulia sami pirobiT: saxeli<br />
unda iyos (a) agensi, (b) I/II piris da (g) unda moqmedebdes sakuTari<br />
‘Tavisufali nebis’ Sesabamisad. rogorc Cans, wova-TuSurSi ergatiuli<br />
konstruqciis tipiuri modelidan, romelic daculia sxva naxur enebSi,<br />
ganviTarda axali modeli, dafuZnebuli piris niSnebis I/II:III<br />
diqotomiur dapirispirebaze, Tumca klasis niSnebi kvlavindeburad<br />
naxuri enebis models inarCuneben _ klasis niSnebis ganawileba ar aris<br />
316
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