enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebi ISSUES OF LINGUISTICS - Tbilisi State ...

Valerian Kvantrishvili
Synonymic Parallelism in the Two Old and Two Final Editions
of the Georgian Four Gospels
Summary
In the text of the Gospel the following cases of synonymic parallelism are
recorded: one of the members of the pair is borrowed, and the other is of Georgian
origin: kinsoni (Greek ‐ khÖnso")//xarki//saxarko ("tribute//related to tribute");
lampari (Greek - lampavdo")//sanTeli ("lamp, candle"); spetaki (Pahlavi -
spēt/spētak)//brwyinvale ("brilliant, shining"). Both members of the synonymic
pair are borrowed: parafsidi (Greek - paroyivdo")//pinaki (Greek - piØnavko")
("platter, dish"). The members of the pair are of Georgian origin: borkili//sakrveli//jaWu...
("fetters, shackle, chains"). In synonymous verbs used in
parallel the first member is characterized by the neutrality of its emotional or
expressive feature, whereas the other is more expressive. In particular: in the forms
tirili//godeba//tyeba//glova ("weeping, lamentation, mourning"), tirili
("weeping") the expressive feature is emotionally neutral, while in its synonyms
the expressive feature increases. In the verbs SeSineba//SeZrwuneba//damedgreba
("to be frightened, to be startled, to turn timorous"), SeSineba does not have an
emotional connotation, whereas SeZrwuneba means "to shake with fear", and
damedgreba means "to turn timorous", etc.
Thus, parallel forms in the text of the Gospel are mostly used with the artistic
purpose, which serves the intensification and emotional expressiveness of the
content to be conveyed.
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