enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebi ISSUES OF LINGUISTICS - Tbilisi State ...
enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebi ISSUES OF LINGUISTICS - Tbilisi State ... enaTmecnierebis sakiTxebi ISSUES OF LINGUISTICS - Tbilisi State ...
ogorc Cans, aTena//Tena//ena, eTina//Tina//ina formebis CvenebiT nacvalsaxelTagan gamijvnam da piris nacvalsaxelebad moazrebam xeli Seuwyo mu piris nacvalsaxelis semantikis daviwroebas da mxolod piris ukuqceviT nacvalsaxelis funqciiT Semofargvlas. literatura danelia 2006: k. danelia, kolxuri enis gramatikuli analizi, kolxuri (megrul-lazuri) ena, Tbilisi. ezugbaia 2009: l. Eezugbaia, mu- mesame piris nacvalsaxelis mravlobiTis formebi megrul-lazurSi, ibeWdeba guram kartoziasadmi miZRvnil saiubileo krebulSi `guram kartozia _ 75~. martirosovi 1964: a. martirosovi, nacvalsaxeli qarTvelur enebSi, Tbilisi. qajaia 2001: o. qajaia, megrul-qarTuli leqsikoni, t. I, Tbilisi. yifSiZe 1914: И. Кипшидзе, Грамматика мингрельского (иверского) языка, С. Пет. SaniZe 1953: a. SaniZe, qarTuli gramatikis safuZvlebi, 1. morfologia, Tbilisi. CarTolani 1985: n. CarTolani, CvenebiT nacvalsaxelTa sistemebi qarTulSi sxva qarTvelur enebTan SedarebiT, Tbilisi. Ciqobava 1936: arn. Ciqobava, Wanuris gramatikuli analizi teqstebiTurT, tfilisi. informatorebi d. Ciqovani: demur Ciqovani, Cxorowyus r-ni, sof. xabume. n. xazalia: naTela xazalia, galis r-ni, sof. oqumi. m. anTia: mTavar anTia, galis r-ni, sof. oqumi. i. akobia: irodi akobia, walenjixis r-ni, sof. paluri. b. jalaRonia: buxuti jalaRonia, Cxorowyus r-ni, sof. xabume. a. tufuria: aneta tufuria, galis r-ni, sof. oqumi. Taia Tskhadaia Third Person Pronouns in Megrelian Summary It is pointed out in scientific literature that the third person pronouns are mu “he”, munefi “they”, whereas atena, tena, etina, tina are deictic pronouns, which together with the pronoun mu, are often used in the meaning of the third person pronoun. In today’s times mu is only the third person reflexive pronoun, not “he”, “she” but “he himself”, “she herself”. It should be noted that in this respect mu always stands for an animate thing (as it is generally characteristic of reflexive pronouns), 138
whereas etina // tina // ina, atena // tena // ena equally stand for animate and inanimate things. The reflexive semantics of the pronoun mu is confirmed by the possessive pronoun muêi – (its derivative) “one’s own” (Compare: possessive pronouns ateêi // teêi // eêi, etiêi // tiêi // iêi: “amisi, misi” “his, her, its, this one’s” derived from the pronouns atena // tena // ena, etina // tina // ina). As for the pronouns atena // tena, etina // tina, are confirmed in their full, as well as phonetically altered forms: full forms are tena (“he” “she” “it” near us) tina (“he” “she” “it” far from us); simple(reduced) form: ena / te / e; ina / ti / i. The language attributed their own and clearly demarkated function to the full and altered phonetic variants of the given pronouns. The full atena // tena, etina // tina, as well as reduced forms ena and ina always serve the function of personal pronouns (atena re Äkimi skua “He is my child”); On the other hand, ate, te, eti, ti, e and i variants always function as deictic pronouns. ate apxanak’i - “ this friend”. According to the above-mentioned, nowadays the distinction between the third person pronoun and the deictic pronoun can be made without the context as well. On the synchronic level the coincidence of these forms doesn’t take place not only in the nominative case, but in the ergative and subsequent cases, as personal pronouns add case endings (te-k, te-s...), whereas deictic pronouns- (te // e...), as determiners don’t change either according to the case or number. (te k’oÄi “this man”, te k’oÄk “this man” {ergative}...). Consequently, on the synchronic level atena // tena // ena and etina // tina // ina should be considered personal pronouns and not deictic pronouns, which function as personal pronouns in certain contexts. 139
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whereas etina // tina // ina, atena // tena // ena equally stand for animate and<br />
inanimate things. The reflexive semantics of the pronoun mu is confirmed by<br />
the possessive pronoun muêi – (its derivative) “one’s own” (Compare: possessive<br />
pronouns ateêi // teêi // eêi, etiêi // tiêi // iêi: “amisi, misi” “his, her, its,<br />
this one’s” derived from the pronouns atena // tena // ena, etina // tina // ina).<br />
As for the pronouns atena // tena, etina // tina, are confirmed in their full, as well<br />
as phonetically altered forms: full forms are tena (“he” “she” “it” near us) tina<br />
(“he” “she” “it” far from us); simple(reduced) form: ena / te / e; ina / ti / i. The<br />
language attributed their own and clearly demarkated function to the full and<br />
altered phonetic variants of the given pronouns. The full atena // tena, etina //<br />
tina, as well as reduced forms ena and ina always serve the function of personal<br />
pronouns (atena re Äkimi skua “He is my child”); On the other hand, ate, te, eti,<br />
ti, e and i variants always function as deictic pronouns. ate apxanak’i - “ this<br />
friend”.<br />
According to the above-mentioned, nowadays the distinction between the third<br />
person pronoun and the deictic pronoun can be made without the context as well.<br />
On the synchronic level the coincidence of these forms doesn’t take place not only<br />
in the nominative case, but in the ergative and subsequent cases, as personal<br />
pronouns add case endings (te-k, te-s...), whereas deictic pronouns- (te // e...), as<br />
determiners don’t change either according to the case or number. (te k’oÄi “this<br />
man”, te k’oÄk “this man” {ergative}...). Consequently, on the synchronic level<br />
atena // tena // ena and etina // tina // ina should be considered personal<br />
pronouns and not deictic pronouns, which function as personal pronouns in certain<br />
contexts.<br />
139