ganmarteba - MAMULI
ganmarteba - MAMULI
ganmarteba - MAMULI
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liko-varinkas akakisagan~. akakis mier<br />
simRera `sulikos~ aseTi mowonebis<br />
Semdeg xSirad gamovdiodi saRamoebze<br />
am simReriT da amgvarad gavrcelda<br />
igi xalxSi~.<br />
1898 wels inglisurma firmam `fonografi~<br />
varinkas simRera cvilis<br />
lilvalebze Cawera, vano maCablis saxlSi,<br />
xolo 1900 wels kote focxveraSvilma<br />
notebze gadaitana, meCongureTa<br />
gundisaTvis da fortepianosaTvis,<br />
romelic orkestrma 1905 wlis<br />
agvistoSi Seasrula quTaisis saqalaqo<br />
TeatrSi.<br />
1909 wlidan varinka wera-kiTxvis<br />
gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis Tavmjdomarea<br />
yvirilis (zestafoni) TemSi.<br />
ramdenime weliwadSi samkiTxvelos gaxsnac<br />
moaxerxa da sakuTar saxlSi,<br />
sofel cxrawyaroSi, skolac gamarTa.<br />
es patara ganaTlebis kera aTamde sofels<br />
emsaxureboda. manve aRadgina adgilobrivi<br />
Teatris Senoba, sadac saqvelmoqmedo<br />
warmodgenebs marTavda, qu-<br />
Taisidan da Tbilisidan mowveuli SemoqmedebiT<br />
jgufebis daxmarebiT.<br />
1905 wlis revoluciis Semdeg, reaqciis<br />
wlebSi alixanov-avarskis sadamsjelo<br />
laSqrobas swored zestafonis<br />
Teatri Seewira, sadac oxranka<br />
didi raodenobiT iaraRs eZebda. axalgazrda<br />
revolucioneri stalini ki<br />
Jandarmebs swored varinkas saxlis<br />
sardafSi emaleboda. rogorc Cans, aqedan<br />
modis tiranis `sulikosadmi~ gansakuTrebuli<br />
siyvaruli.<br />
amasobaSi varinkas vaJma saSualo<br />
skola daamTavra da safrangeTSi, qalaq<br />
monpelieSi gaemgzavra mevenaxeoba-meRvineobis<br />
Sesaswavlad. 1919 wels sam-<br />
SobloSi momavals peterburgSi Wleqis<br />
umZimesi forma Seeyara. dauRalavi<br />
mkurnalobisa da rudunebis miuxedavad,<br />
igi maleve gardaicvala. sasowarkveTili<br />
deda karga xniT moswyda garesamyaros:<br />
xaliCebakrul fanjrebSi<br />
mzis sxivs ar uSvebda da dReniadag<br />
dastiroda dakargul erTaderT imeds.<br />
axali cxovrebis mSeneblebma martod<br />
darCenil varinkas misi qonebis<br />
didi nawili CamoarTves, xolo saxlis<br />
nawilSi meurneobis sawyobi gamarTes.<br />
sasowarkveTas rom gamklaveboda, martosulma<br />
qalma naTesavis gogona iSvila<br />
da momavlis imedi daibruna.<br />
am wlebis saqarTvelo sasomixdili<br />
da dabeCavebuli iTmenda bolSevikebis<br />
usastikes TareSs. 1924 wels<br />
swored zestafonSi, antisabWoTa ajanyebaSi<br />
monawileobaSi braldebuli imerlebi<br />
ramdenime vagonSi Seyares da<br />
18<br />
msxvilkalibriani iaraRi dauSines, jalaTebi<br />
isrodnen manam, vidre sasaklao<br />
sisxlisgan ar daicala.<br />
20-ian wlebs vinc gadaurCa, maT<br />
win 30-ianebi eloda.<br />
simReris gadarCena orma faqtorma<br />
ganapiroba: pirveli iyo - im dros<br />
gadaRebuli filmSi `ukanaskneli maskaradi~<br />
Casmuli gonebamaxviluri siu-<br />
Jeti, sadac saqarTvelo Sedarebulia<br />
patarZals, romelsac jer mefis ruse-<br />
Tis Cinovnikze, Semdeg burJuaze da<br />
bolos ki - bolSevikze gaTxovebas<br />
upireben. mTeli Tbilisi alaparakda<br />
da bevrma am filmSi dramaturgi qalis,<br />
natalia azianis scenari amoicno.<br />
filmis warmatebis meore mizezi<br />
iyo `suliko~ romelsac filmSi Tavad<br />
reJisori asrulebs. advili misaxvedria,<br />
Tu vis umReris Wiaureli, vis<br />
vnebebs elaciceba?!<br />
1937 wlis ianvarSi moskovSi qar-<br />
Tuli literaturisa da xelovnebis<br />
pirveli dekada gaimarTa. roca `sulikos~<br />
asrulebdnen, beladi Turme fexze<br />
wamodga da ise usmina momRerlebs. im<br />
dRidan mTelma qveyanam gaigo stalinis<br />
am simRerisadmi gansakuTrebuli<br />
siyvaruli da amitomac mTeli sabWoeTis<br />
SemoqmedebiTi jgufebi erTmaneTs<br />
aswrebdnen mis Sesrulebas, gadamRerebas<br />
Tu gadamuSavebas. varinka wereTeli,<br />
cxadia, aravis uxsenebia, radgan<br />
`suliko~ warmodgenili iyo, rogorc<br />
xalxuri simRera.<br />
varinkas naTesavi, papuna wereTeli,<br />
romelic dekadaze rusTavelis Teatrs<br />
axlda, samSobloSi guldamZimebuli<br />
dabrunda: `sulikos~ arnaxuli warmateba<br />
da varinkas unugeSo mdgomareoba<br />
erTmaneTTan ver Tavsdeboda.<br />
mixvda varinka, rom mas yovelTvis<br />
daiviwyebdnen, Tu Tavad ar gaixsenebda<br />
sakuTar arsebobas, amitomac daiwyo<br />
`brZola gaxsenebisTvis~: Camovida Tbi-<br />
lisSi da Sesabamis saministros mimarTa:<br />
`saqarTvelos ssr. saxkomsab-<br />
WosTan arsebul xelovnebis saqme-<br />
Ta sammarTvelos ufross<br />
zestafonis raionis, sofel<br />
cxrawyaros 26 komunarebis saxelobis<br />
kolmeurneobis wevris varinka<br />
wereTlis<br />
g an c x a d e b a<br />
simRera `suliko~, romelic am-<br />
Jamad gavrcelebulia mTel sabWoTa<br />
kavSirSi, misi sityvebis avtoris,<br />
akaki wereTlis TxovniT, 1895 wel-<br />
Si Cems mier aris gamoTqmuli da<br />
gitaraze dasamRereblad awyobili.<br />
am simReras aRniSnul wlidan<br />
ramdenime wlis ganmavlobaSi<br />
mxolod me vasrulebdi da swored<br />
am gziT gavrcelda igi mTel saqarTveloSi.<br />
yovelive amis dasadastureblad<br />
me SemiZlia warmovadgino rogorc<br />
werilobiTi sabuTebi, agreTve<br />
sando mowmeebic, romelTa<br />
CvenebiT gamoirkveva Cemi gancxadebis<br />
sruli siswore. aseT mowmeebad<br />
Cemis mxriT me vasaxeleb: sabWoTa<br />
kavSiris umaRles sabWos wevrs,<br />
sabWoTa kavSiris saxalxo artists,<br />
ordenosans akaki xoravas da saqarTvelos<br />
respublikis saxalxo<br />
artists, kompozitors, ordenosans<br />
kote focxveraSvils.<br />
gTxovT, moawyoT Tqveni TandaswrebiT<br />
Cemi sabuTebis ganxilva,<br />
dasaxelebuli mowmeebis dakiTxva<br />
da momceT Tqvenmieri sabuTi sim-<br />
Rera `sulikos~ kiloze Cemi avtorobis<br />
damtkicebis Sesaxeb~.<br />
sabWoTa kompozitorTa kavSiris,<br />
1938 wlis 5 oqtombris sxdomam (Tavmjdomare<br />
vano gokieli, eswrebodnen:<br />
kote focxveraSvili, Salva dadiani,<br />
avqsenti megreliZe da xelovnebis damsaxurebuli<br />
moRvawe, ordenosani san-
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