3 sarCevi

sarCevi 

winaTqma.....................................................................6 

kaleidoskopi 

amonaridebi..................................................................8 

saTaveebTan 

qeTevan mania 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s Seswavlis istoriidan..................15 

Ketevan Mania 

From the History of Investigation of Moktsevay Kartlisay 

(Conversion of Georgia): Source Study Perspective.............................15 

malxaz kobiaSvili 

wm. andria saqarTveloSi...........................................38 

Malkhaz Kobiashvili 

St. Andrew in Georgia....................................................38 

ia grigalaSvili 

qarTuli samociqulo eklesiis warmoSobis 

istoriisaTvis........................................................63 

Ia Grigalashvili 

About the History of Georgian Apostolic Church Origin.....................63 

goCa kuWuxiZe 

wmida nino da qarTlis moqceva..................................76 

Gocha Kuchukhidze 

St. Nino and the Conversion to Christianity of Georgia.......................76 

uwyebani 

giorgi alibegaSvili, nino Jvania 

ucxouri masalebi saqarTvelos moqcevaze.......................119 

Giorgi Alibegashvili, Nino Jvania 

Foreign Sources on the Conversion of Georgia...................................119 

3

4 

saxismetyveleba 

nana gonjilaSvili 

`ninos cxovrebis~ erTi paradigmuli saxe 

(kerp-RvTaeba armazis gansaxovneba)....................................137 

Nana Gonjilashvili 

One Paradigmatic symbol of the “The Life of St. Nino” 

(The Personification of the Pagan-idol Armazi)..................................137 

irina nacvliSvili 

mirian mefis `wigni – anderZi~..................................176 

Irina Natsvlishvili 

King Mirian’s Letter-Testament..........................................................176 

soso maxaraSvili 

idea da rwmena 

wm. nino, jvari vazisa da saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi 

wilxvdomilobis sakiTxisaTvis...........................................210 

Soso Makharashvili 

On the Problem of St.Nino, Grapevine Cross and Virgin Mary, 

the Main Protector and Intercessor of Georgia....................................210 

paralelebi 

eka CikvaiZe 

nikoloz gulaberisZis `sveticxovlis sakiTxavi~ da 

wminda ninos cxovreba..............................................................223 

Ekaterine Chikvaidze 

Nikoloz Gulaberisdze’s “Miracles of Svetiskhoveli” and the 

Life of St. Nino...................................................................................223 

Targmanebi 

darejan menabde 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ ucxo enebze.......................................254 

Darejan Menabde 

Moktsevai Kartlisai in Foreign Language Translations.......................254

sagalobelTa eqo 

qeTi niniZe 

wminda ninos himnografiuli xati........................................288 

Keti Ninidze 

St. Nino’s Hymnographical Icon.........................................................288 

bibliografia 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s bibliografia.......................................307 

teqsti 

moqcevaÁM qarTlisaÁ (Satberduli redaqcia)..........................327 

5

6 

winaTqma 

XX saukuneSi qarTulma filologiurma mecnierebam 

TvalsaCino warmatebebs miaRwia. mniSvnelovani Sedegebia 

mopovebuli Zveli qarTuli literaturis Seswavlis 

TvalsazrisiTac. dRes, XXI saukunis dasawyisSi, albaT, 

dadga dro Sejamdes qarTvel mkvlevarTa araerTi Taobis 

mier gaweuli Sroma, maTi mecnieruli miRwevebi, daisaxos 

axali gzebi, axali perspeqtivebi. am mizniT literaturis 

instituti iwyebs axali samecniero seriis `gzamkvlevis~ 

gamocemas. am seriiT momzaddeba da gamoqveyndeba Tematuri 

samecniero krebulebi, romlebSic ganxiluli iqneba 

qarTuli mwerlobis kardinaluri problemebi. TiToeuli 

aseTi krebulisaTvis savaldebulo iqneba Zveli qarTuli 

literaturuli Zeglis teqstis dabeWdva, sakvlevi Tematikis 

irgvliv arsebuli sruli bibliografiis Sedgena, 

sakiTxis istoriis mimoxilva, agreTve problemasTan 

dakavSirebuli ZiriTadi istoriul-literaturuli da 

saxismetyvelebiTi sakiTxebis gaanalizeba. gansakuTrebuli 

axsna-ganmarteba ar sWirdeba, Tu ratom SeirCa xsenebuli 

seriis pirveli krebulis Temad `wm. ninos cxovreba~. 

qarTuli originaluri saeklesio mwerloba, Zalze angariSgasawevi 

mosazrebiT, swored qarTvelTa ganmanaTleblis 

`cxovrebiT~ unda iwyebodes. 

gasuli saukunis 80-iani wlebidan moyolebuli dRemde 

araerTi naSromi gamoqveynda `wm. ninos cxovrebisa~ da qar- 

Tlis moqcevis sxvadasxva sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT: axleburad 

iqna gaazrebuli Zveli qarTuli saistorio wyaroebi 

Tu literaturuli Txzulebebi, warmoCenil iqna maTi 

kulturologiuri, ideologiuri da saxismetyvelebiTi 

aspeqtebi, gadasinjul iqna Zveli qarTuli teqstebisadmi 

Cvens mecnierebaSi damkvidrebuli hiperkritikuli damokidebuleba 

da sxv. miuxedavad amisa, dRemde ar arsebobs 

erTiani Semajamebeli naSromi, romelSic gadmocemuli 

iqneboda qarTlis moqcevasTan dakavSirebuli arsebiTi 

sakiTxebi. 

amitom literaturis institutis TanamSromelTa erTma 

jgufma, romelSic CarTulni arian agreTve specialis-

tebi sxva samecniero dawesebulebebidan, Seqmna samecniero 

da bibliografiuli xasiaTis krebuli, saerTo saxelwodebiT: 

`qarTuli qristianuli kulturis saTaveebTan – 

wm. ninos cxovreba da qarTlis moqceva~. krebulSi Sesuli 

statiebi asaxavs rogorc istoriul-literaturul, ise 

wyaroTmcodneobiT, ideologiur da saxismetyvelebiT 

Ziebebs. 

`gzamkvlevis~ seriiT Seqmnil krebuls, cxadia, ara aqvs 

pretenzia mTeli sisruliT gaaSuqos `wm. ninos cxovrebasa~ 

da qarTlis moqcevasTan dakavSirebuli Tundac literaturuli 

sakiTxebi. problemis sirTulidan gamomdinare, 

es ubralod SeuZlebeli iqneboda. avtorTa koleqtivi 

ufro mokrZalebul mizans isaxavda: warmoeCina qarTvelTa 

ganmanaTleblis cxovreba-moRvaweobis umTavresi 

aspeqtebi, gadmoeca qarTlis gaqristianebis peripetiebi, 

garkveulwilad Seevso da Seejamebina Cven mecnierebaSi 

am kuTxiT warmoebuli Ziebebi; amave dros, SeZlebisdagvarad 

gamoeTqva axali mosazrebani, wamoeWra problemuri 

sakiTxebi, daesaxa maTi gadaWris gzebi da saSualebebi. 

krebuli uTuod asaxavs qarTuli literaturaTmcodneobis 

ganviTarebis dRevandel dones. is iqneba erTgvari 

gzamkvlevi rogorc specialistebisaTvis, ise xsenebuli 

TemiT dainteresebuli farTo mkiTxveli sazogadoebisaTvis. 

amasTanave, avtorTa koleqtivi da `gzamkvlevis~ 

saredaqcio sabWo da kolegia siamovnebiT miiRebs mkiTxvelis 

saqmian SeniSvnebs, mosazrebebsa da survilebs da 

gaiTvaliswinebs Tavis Semdgom muSaobaSi. 


7

8 

kaleidoskopi 

amonaridebi 

qristes sjulis Semotanas qarTlSi wm. ninosagan mirianis 

dros (265-342) mogviTxroben IV sauk. berZenT mweral- 

Taganni rufini da sozomeni da V sauk. somexTagani mose 

xoreneli, mogviTxroben im gvarad, rom ar SegiZliaT ar 

ifiqroT, imaT xelSi unda hqoniyoT Cveni cnoba: ese zedmiwevniT 

eTanxmebian am ukanasknelsa. 

d. baqraZe 

Tu Cven yuradRebiT ganvixilavT qarTlis moqcevis 

xronikas, advilaT davrwmundebiT, rom xronikis xasiaTi 

TaviTgan bolomdis erTgvari ar aris. Semoklebuli xronika 

qarTlis moqcevisa aRniSnavs ra romelime piris mefobas 

Tu erisTaobas, yovelTvis uCvenebs erT-or umTavres 

istoriul faqts mis mefobaSi momxTars da ixsenebs vin iyo 

mTavar-episkoposi, anu kaTolikosi. es sistema mtkiceT 

aris gatarebuli TaviTgan dawyebuli stefanoz II dromdis 

(639-663). xolo stefanoz II Semdeg es wesi uceb icvleba da 

Semoklebuli cnobebis magier erisTavebis mxolod sia 

aris moyvanili... ras moaswavebs es faqti, Tu ar imas, rom 

sia merme, mimatebuli da wineT ki qarTlis moqcevis qronika 

stefanos II dromdis yofila moyvanili. 

e. TayaiSvili 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ warmoadgens Zvels qarTuls saistorio 

nawarmoebs dawerils me-4 sauk. ukanasknel meoTxedSi 

berZnul enaze. avtors grigol diakons xelT hqonia 

uZvelesi qarTuli mateane, romelic dawerili unda yofiliyo 

arameulad I saukunis pirvel naxevarSi. qarTuli 

mwerlobiTi Semoqmedebis pirvel nabijebs, kerZod saistorio 

mwerlobis asparezzed, am gvarad mivyavarT uZveles 

xanamdis. 

s. kakabaZe

is garemoeba, rom uZvelesi qarTuli matianeebi Sedgenili 

yofila armazSi, es rasakvirvelia moulodnels aras 

Seicavs da sruliad bunebrivad unda CaiTvalos. armazi, 

rogorc cnobilia, iyo iberiis samefos namdvili `dedaqalaqi~, 

pirveli metropolia, uZvelesi politikuri da religiuri 

centri qveynisa... 

armazi hkargavs religiuri da kulturuli metropoliis 

mniSvnelobas IV saukunis pirvel naxevarSi, rodesac 

iberiaSi qristianoba saxelmwifo religiad gamocxadda, 

da `warmarTuli~ armazis sakulto centrma dauTmo Tavisi 

adgili qristianuli mcxeTis sakulto centrs. 

amis Semdeg momxdara Zveli armazuli matianeebis gadamuSaveba 

mcxeTaSi axali kultis msaxurTa mier, romelTac 

dauweriaT matianeni qarTvelTa moqcevisani, da romel- 

Tac gamouyenebiaT rogorc erT-erTi wyaro Zveli armazuli 

matiane, romelic, rogorc irkveva, Seicavda iberiis 

mefeTa sias. 

p. ingoroyva 

Если в Армении затмила славу других просветителей личность 

св. Григория, а в Грузии – св. Нин, то мы не должны еще торопиться 

и заключением о соответсвенно широком значении их проповеди. 

Причины их популярности могут бить в значительной степени литературного 

характера. Она может быть, сдаётся мне, деистсвительно 

была детищем какого-то сильного литературного течения. Такое течение, 

надо думать, по какому-либо сродству, и в этом смысле не без 

исторического основания, облюбовывало известное областное предание 

и давало ему такую авторитетную и популярную обработку, 

что все дальнейщие поколения должны были считаться с ним. 

n. mari 

is garemoeba, rom sparsuli winadadeba Satberdiseul 

xelnawerSi ase damaxinjebulia, cxadad amtkicebs, rom Satberdiseuli 

xelnaweri am c∼is Tavdapirveli nusxa-dedani 

ki ar aris, aramed gadmowerili unda iyves sxva xelnaweriTgan, 

romelic amasTanave SeiZleba TviT gadmowerili 

yofiliyo Tavdapirvel nusxiTgan. swored am mravalgzisi 

9

gadmoweris dros unda damaxinjebuliyo qarTulad swori 

sparsuli winadadeba. es garemoeba gvafiqrebinebs, rom 

TviT w∼a ninos c∼a im saxiT, rogoradac igi Satberdiseul 

xelnawerSia Senaxuli, ufro IX saukuneSi unda iyos Sedgenili, 

vidre X-Si. 

10 

iv. javaxiSvili 

rodisaa dawerili es Txuleba? mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs 

mTliani Txzulebis, krebulis, Sedgenis dro da ara misi 

nawilebisa, romelTagan, SeiZleba zogierTi marTlac SedarebiT 

Zveli iyos. [...] es krebuli Sedgenilia arauadres 

mecxre saukunisa, daaxloebiT mis ukanasknel meoTxedSi. 

K 

k. kekeliZe 

Tu vaRiarebT ninos cxovrebis istoriulobas, SeuZlebelia 

ar vaRiaroT, `wminda ninos cxovrebis~ ciklebis 

imTaviTve arseboba. Znelad warmosadgenia, rom ninos ambebs 

istoriuli realobiT aRwerdnen, magaliTad, V saukuneSi, 

berZeni mwerlebi, movses xorenaci, xolo qarTvelebi 

arafers ambobdnen masze. Tuki Cven imas, rac `wminda ninos 

cxovrebaSi~ weria, istoriul sinamdviled vaRiarebT, ratom 

unda uarvyofdeT TviT nawarmoebs?! Tuki wminda ninos 

istoriul pirovnebad CavTvliT /amas ki TiTqos arvin 

uaryofs/, warmoudgenelia, rom misi xseneba imTaviTve ar 

yofiliyo dawesebuli, anda rodisme moSliliyo sveticxovelSi 

misi xseneba an Tundac dResaswauli sveti-cxovlisa, 

anda jvris aRmarTvisa. SeiZleboda momxdariyo isec, 

rogorc sul bolo minaweri gvauwyebs _ `wigni moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁ... viTarca talanti winamZRvarTagan dafaruli 

Semdgomad mravalTa JamTa da welTa vpoveTo~. 

r. siraZe 

`wm. ninos cxovrebis~ wyaroTmcodneobiTi kvleviT, 

aSkara Seiqmna, rom adgilobrivi versia aris wyaro ucxouri 

(somxuri, bizantiuri), versiebisaTvis da igi werilobiT 

gaformebuli Cans ukve IVs-Si. uZvelesi teqsti SemorCenilia 

da es aris swored `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁseuli~ `wminda 

ninos cxovrebis~ vrceli redaqcia. qmnilebas aqvs Tavise-

uri kompozicia. igi Tavad wm. ninosa da mis TanamoRvawe- 

Ta mogonebebis krebuli saxiT gaformebuli Zeglia. misi 

avtori, Txzulebisave poziciiT _ redaqtor-Semdgeneli 

_ aris qarTlis pirveli qristiani mefis mirianis rZali 

dedofali salome uJarmeli. am ciklis pirveli teqstebi 

warmoiSvnen qarTlis moqcevis TiTqmis Tanadroulad, V.s. 

II naxevarSi ki maT bazaze Seiqmna Tvisebrivad axali nawarmoebebi, 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~, romelSic gaerTianda `ninos 

cxovrebis~ ciklis ori Sto. 

m. CxartiSvili 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ da leonti mrovelis `mefeTa 

cxovrebaSi~ (romelic `moqcevaÁs~ teqsts eyrdnoba) SemorCenili 

unda gvqondes qarTlis moqcevis Sesaxeb arsebuli 

Zvelis-Zveli gadmocema, Seqmnili mcxeTel iudevel 

qristianTa wreSi. Cveni azriT, am varaudis sasargeblod 

metyvelebs `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ teqstSi (magram mxolod 

ninos legendis farglebSi) dadasturebuli e.w. sintaqsuri 

siriizmebi, romliebic gamoavlina da Seiswavla c. 

qurcikiZem. msgavsi sintaqsuri konstruqciebi damaxasia- 

Tebelia palestinuri siriulisaTvis, imave arameulisaTvis 

romelic qristianTa samwerlobo enas warmoadgenda. 

araferia moulodneli imaSi, rom ninos legenda mar- 

Tlac Seqmnili da Cawerili yofiliyo mcxeTel iudevelqristianTa 

wreSi, e.w. palestinur-siriul, arameul dialeqtze, 

saidanac mogvianebiT (daaxl. Vs-is dasasruli) 

igi qarTulad iTargmna. 

T. mgalobliSvili 

n. janaSia `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ matianis (qronikis) da 

leonti mrovelis `mefeTa cxovrebis~ (azo-farnavazis istoriis 

nawilSi) detaluri Seswavlis Sedegad im daskvnamde 

midis, rom leontis xelT hqonda aseTi sando cnobebis 

Semcveli matiane (TiTqos `mefeTa cxovrebis~ Tavdapirveli 

varianti), romelic `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ qronikas 

emyareba... Cveni azriTac marTlac SesaZlebelia, rom arsebobda 

VIIs. Sedgenili aseTi matiane, magram ufro savaraudebelia, 

rom igi `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ qronikis pa- 

11

alelurad ki ar arsebobda, an mas ki ar emyareboda, aramed 

piriqiT, `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ qronika Sedga gvian, 

swored am matianis mixedviT, ufro sworad misi Semoklebis 

gziT. 

e. xoStaria-brose 

`ninos cxovrebis~ uZvelesi plastebis rekonstruqciis 

Jams aucileblad unda iqnes gaTvaliswinebuli, rom 

[...] fraza (`sadac RmerTni RmerToben da mefeni mefoben~) 

adreuli redaqciis kuTvnilebaa, rac kidev ufro sarwmunos 

xdis akad. korneli kekeliZis mosazrebas, rom Cvenamde 

moRweul teqstSi unda veZioT da gamovyoT uZvelesi 

fenebi. 

r. baramiZe 

savaraudoa, rom IV s-Si qarTul enaze marTlac arsebobda 

qarTlis gaqristianebis istoria, romelSic aRwerili 

iqneboda wm. Nninos misioneruli moRvaweoba. Aamas adastureben 

IV-V ss. bizantieli istorikosebi (gelasi kesarieli, 

rufinusi, Teodorite kvireli, sokrate sqolastikosi da 

ermia sozomene), romlebic daaxloebiT iseve mogviTxroben 

qarTlSi tyve qalis misionerul moRvaweobaze, rogorc 

es aris aRwerili `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁSi~. 

Tavdapirvelad ar arsebobda wigni saxelwodebiT `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁ~. arsebobdnen wignebi, romelTac qarTlis 

moqcevis wignebi ewodebodaT. am saerTo saxeliT SeiZleboda 

cnobili yofiliyvnen grigol diakonisa da `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁs matianis~ (axali drois mecnierTa Serqmeuli 

saTauria) saxeliT cnobili Txzulebebi, `(wigni) 

ninoÁsi~, asurel mamaTa cxovrebis~ wignebi da SesaZloa 

sxvac, romelTa saxelebsac Cvenamde ar mouRwevia. cxadia, 

aseTi wignebi odesme unda gaerTianebuliyvnen erT krebulad, 

risi erT-erTi magaliTic aris rogorc Cans, sin-50. 

SemdegSi, Cans, kidev ufro daviwrovda qarTlis moqcevis 

wignebi Tavis Sinaarsis mixedviT, ris Sedegadac miviReT 

is `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~, romelsac dRes Cven vicnobT Satberduli 

da WeliSuri krebulebiT. 

z. aleqsiZe 

12

qarTlis saeklesio istoriis gadmocemisas gamoyenebuli 

saazrovno kategoriebi uCvenebs, rom am teqstSi gamiznulad 

Cadebulma informaciam socialuri mexsierebis 

meqanizmebSi moaswro gadamuSaveba. es ki TavisTavad gulisxmobs 

sakmaod xangrZliv periods xdomilebidan mis 

werilobiT fiqsaciamde. cxadia, `ninos cxovreba~ Zalze 

Zvelia, magram saeWvoa igi CaiTvalos movlenis – qarTlis 

moqcevis Tanadroul Txzulebad. Zalze Znelia Zveli aRTqmis 

bibliuri samyaros da bibliuri teqstebis aseTi Rrma, 

paradigmuri gaazrebis SesaZlebloba hqonoda ninos Tanamedrove 

romelime avtors. aseve SeuZlebelia qarTlis 

moqcevis Tanadroulad scodnodaT amgvarad gadamuSavebuli, 

qarTul azrovnebasTan Seguebuli variantiT qristes 

kvarTis palestinuri legendebi da bolos, qarTveli 

avtoris cnobierebaSi mcxeTis ierusalimad moazrebas ar 

hqonda safuZveli qarTlis eklesiaSi ierusalimuri liturgikuli 

praqtikis damkvidrebuli tradiciis saxiT. 

m. surgulaZe 

vfiqrob, marTebuli SeiZleba iyos varaudi, rodesac 

qristianoba saxelmwifo religiad iqna aRiarebuli, Seiqmna 

am didi istoriuli aqtis aRmweri Txzuleba, romelsac, 

rogorc marTebulad varaudoben Tavidanve ewoda `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁ~. Txzulebis daweris mTavari mizani es iyo, 

magram am movlenis aRweras win waemZRvara rogorc Sesavali, 

warmarTuli xanis qarTlis istoria qarTlis samefos 

Seqmnidan gaqristianebamde... 

meore wyebad Setanili unda iyos V-VII saukuneebis (40ian 

wlebamde) movlenebi da bolos VII-IX saukuneebis Sesaxeb 

momTxrobi nawili (e. TayaiSvili, s. janaSia). 

meore nawilSi SedarebiT vrcladaa warmodgenili vaxtang 

gorgaslis moRvaweobasTan da bizantiis imperator 

herakles laSqrobebTan dakavSirebuli movlenebi. mesame 

nawili, albaT, damatebulia IX saukuneSi. `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁs~-Tvis ninos cxovrebis vrceli variantis dar- 

Tvis win. 

m. lorTqifaniZe 

13

Zvel avtorebs, Sua saukuneebSi arsebuli tradiciis 

Tanaxmad, rogorc cnobilia, winamorbedTa naSromebi `Ti- 

Tqmis mTlianad da ucvlelad SehqondaT Tavis saistorio 

TxzulebebSi~. Cans, aseT SemTxvevasTan gvaqvs saqme amjeradac, 

savaraudebelia, `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ Satberduli 

versiis meore nawilSi _ `ninos cxovrebisa~ da `klarjul 

mravalTavSi~ grigol diakonis Txzulebis daaxloebiT 

sruli teqstia Semonaxuli da misi saxiT Cvens xelTaa 

erT-erTi uZvelesi – IVs. 20-ian wlebSi Seqmnili saeklesio 

Txzuleba. 

14 

v. goilaZe

qeTevan mania 

saTaveebTan 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s Seswavlis istoriidan 

qarTuli istoriografiuli Zegli `moqcevaÁ qarT-lisaÁ~ 

umniSvnelovanes pirvelwyaros warmoadgens qristianuli 

mwerlobis istoriisaTvis. Txzuleba erT-erTi 

uZvelesia qarTul sinamdvileSi, romelic warsulis Sesaxeb 

mravalmxriv saintereso informacias Seicavs da 

gamoirCeva natifi saxismetyvelebiT, mxatvruli RirebulebiT. 

amitomac, mecnieruli qarTvelologiis Camoyalibebis 

droidan moyolebuli dRemde misi kvleva specialistTa 

gansakuTrebul yuradRebas imsaxurebda da 

imsaxurebs. 

winamdebare statiaSi mimovixilav kvlevis istorias 

Txzulebis Sesaxeb gamoTqmuli pirveli SexedulebebiT 

dawyebuli ukanaskneli periodis gamokvlevebis gaTvaliswinebiT, 

im problematikis mixedviT, romlebic dasmul 

iqna am Zeglis SeswavlasTan dakavSirebiT. es problemebia: 

daTariReba, Sedgeniloba, misi calkeuli nawilebis teqstologiuri 

kvlevis istoria, atribucia, redaqciebis 

urTierTmimarTebis garkveva, meTodologiuri da istoriografiuli 

analizi. aRniSnuli sakiTxebis gadawyveta 

erTmaneTTan mWidrod aris dakavSirebuli. magaliTad, 

Zeglis TariRis dadgena dakavSirebulia mTeli rigi kardinaluri 

sakiTxebis gadaWrasTan _ mis teqstologiur 

SeswavlasTan, misi Semadgeneli nawilebisa da sxvadasxva 

redaqciis urTierTmimarTebis garkvevasTan, qarTuli 

da ucxouri monacemebis SedarebiT analizTan. aqedan 

gamomdinare, zogierT gamokvlevaSi erTdroulad araer- 

Ti sakiTxi aris Seswavlili, ramac ganapiroba statiaSi 

calkeuli gamokvlevebis ramdenjerme miTiTeba. 

15

16 

Zeglis daTariRebis sakiTxis Seswavla 

umTavresi sakiTxi, romlis garSemo azrTa sxvadasxvaoba 

aRiniSna specialur literaturaSi iyo `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ 

Seqmnis TariRi. pirveli naSromebi XIX s-is miwuruls 

gamoqveynda. am periodisaTvis mecnierebi Zeglis 

Seswavlisas wyaros mxolod garegan kritikas aqcevdnen 

jerovan yuradRebas. specialur literaturaSi wyaros 

Sinagani analizis damkvidreba i. javaxiSvilis saxels 

ukavSirdeba. Sesabamisad, `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ Sewavlisadmi 

miZRvnili gamokvlevebi, pirveladi teqstologiuri 

ZiebiT Semoifargleboda, romlis mixedviTac Sedgenis 

TariRi IX s-iT ganisazRvra istoriuli qronikis am 

ambebiT damTavrebis safuZvelze (xaxanaSvili 1893; kakabaZe1912). 

aRniSnuli Sexedulebis sasargeblod i. javaxiSvili 

teqstSi arsebul anaqronizmze miuTiTebda da 

Tvlida, rom SeuZlebeli iyo Txzulebis IX s-ze adreuli 

periodiT daTariReba, radgan mkvlevris TvalsazrisiT, 

masSi daculi cnobebi istoriul sinamdvilesTan SesabamisobaSi 

ar modioda (javaxiSvili 1977: 103-111). Tumca, maleve 

Seiqmna am Tvalsazrisis gadasinjvis SesaZlebloba. 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ axali _ WeliSuri redaqciis aRmo- 

Cenam ugulebelyo am azris marTebuloba. Satberdiseuli 

redaqciis axal variantTan SedarebiTma analizma cxadyo, 

rom es anaqronizmi gviandel Camatebas warmoadgenda (ingoroyva 

1939:223-229). 

amavdroulad gamoiTqva Txzulebis Tavdapirveli variantis 

ufro adre _ VII s-Si Sedgenis Tvalsazrisi. argumentad 

saxeldeboda VII s-mde da VII s-is Semdgomi movlenebis 

gansxvavebuli xasiaTi (TayaiSvili 1890). es Tvalsazrisi 

SemdgomSi gaiziara mecnierTa nawilma (meliqiSvili 

1959: 23-28; lorTqifaniZe 1966). maT Soris e. xoStariabrosem, 

im sxvaobiT, rom p. ingoroyvas Sexeduleba VII s-Si 

vrceli matianis arsebobis Sesaxeb, romlis safuZvelze 

unda Seqmniliyo `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ qronikis mokle 

varianti (ingoroyva 1941: 259-321), axali sabuTianobiT 

gaamyara (xoStaria-brose 1991: 181-188). 

aRiniSna qronikis kidev ufro adreuli periodiT da-

TariRebis varaudi. T. Jordania miiCnevda, rom VI s-mde 

arsebobda uZvelesi saeklesio matiane, romlis Semoklebul 

redaqcias warmoadgenda qarTlis moqcevis qronika 

(Jordania 1892). daTariRebis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT 

sainteresoa s. kakabaZis varaudic Sesabamisi argumentaciiT. 

mkvlevari ZeglSi berZnuli azrovnebis SeniSvniT, 

aleqsandre makedonelidan mirian mefis sikvdilamde ambebis 

amsaxvel movlenebs IV s-Si berZnul enaze dawerilad 

Tvlida (kakabaZe 1924: 56-92). 

aRniSnuli problemis kvlevis mxriv gansakuTrebulia 

XX s-is 80-iani wlebidan dRemde periodi. qarTuli wyaroTmcodneoba, 

rogorc mecniereba, swored am dros aRwevs 

ganviTarebis mwvervals, rac aisaxa wyaros Seswavlis 

moTxovnilebebis zrdaSi. didi yuradReba mieqca Sinaarss, 

wyarosa da movlenis urTierTmimarTebas, kritikul 

Seswavlas. aqedan gamomdinare, gamoqveynebuli naSromebi 

Zeglis Sedgenis TariRis axleburad gadawyvetiT gamoir- 

Ceva. mecnierebi Txzulebis redaqtirebis xanad miiCnevdnen 

rogorc IXs., aseve VIIs. teqstologiuri dakvirvebiT 

gamoikveTa daTariRebis ufro adreuli periodi _ V s-is 

II naxevari. m. CxartiSvili SeniSnavs, rom vaxtangis Sesaxeb 

Txrobis bolos gvxvdeba kaTalikosobis SemoRebasTan 

dakavSirebiT Semajamebeli fraza. qarTuli eklesiis istoriaSi 

kaTalikosobis SemoReba etapur movlenas warmoadgenda. 

amitomac, mkvlevris SexedulebiT, aucileblad 

unda momxdariyo aRniSnuli movlenis amsaxveli istoriografiuli 

naSromis Sedgena (CxartiSvili 1987 a ). qronikaSi 

sxvadasxva periodis plastebis arsebobaze miuTiTebs m. 

lorTqifaniZe. mecnieris azriT, Txzulebis Sevseba moxda 

sam etapad. pirvel wyebad unda Sesuliyo aleqsandre 

makedonelis droidan IV s-is bolomde monacemebi, meore 

wyebad _ V-VII ss. 40-ian wlebamde movlenebi da bolos, VII- 

IX ss. momTxrobi nawili. bolo nawils IX s-Si damatebulad 

miiCnevs (lorTqifaniZe 2003:356-366). qronikis TariRis 

gansazRvras exeba n. nikoloziSvilis gamokvleva. avtori 

problemis gadasawyvetad qronikis sulieri kulturis 

analizs aniWebs upiratesobas, ris Sedegadac askvnis, rom 

qronika Seicavs qarTlis moqcevis Tanadroul saRvTis- 

17

metyvelo da liturgikul codnas wm. ninos mier uflis sadidebeli 

locvis saxiT (nikoloziSvili 1991: 37-55). 

sagangebo Ziebebi mieZRvna `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁSi~ daculi 

`wm. ninos cxovrebis~ vrceli redaqciis daTariRebas. 

wyaros pirveladi SeswavliT aRniSnul iqna misadmi 

hiperkritikuli damokidebuleba _ garkveuli periodi 

mkvlevrebi Txzulebas IX s-is Zeglad miiCnevdnen. am daskvnamde 

midioda n. mari teqstis calkeuli Ffrazis (axal sparsuli 

winadadebis) analiziT (mari1897: 72) ukanasknel xans 

adgili hqonda am frazis axlebur paleografiul interpretacias 

z. aleqsiZe, a. gvaxarias mier. maT frazis qronologia 

ufro adreuli periodiT _ VII s-iT gansazRvres, 

maSin roca saSualo sparsuli ukve aRar aris, xolo axali 

sparsuli jer ar aris gabatonebuli (aleqsiZe, gvaxaria 

2000: 11; aleqsiZe 2002: 35-43). garda n. maris zemoT aRniSnuli 

Sexedulebisa, Txzulebas, gviandeli CanarTebis gamovleniT, 

IX s-iT aTariRebda i. javaxiSvilic (javaxiSvili 

1900: 55-70). SemdgomSi am Tvalsazrisis ufro gasamyareblad 

teqstologiuri analizis Sedegebze damyarebuli 

ramdenime faqti iqna gamovlenili _ martis weliwadis 

moxsenieba, qarTlis kaTalikosis kirionis (VIIs.) da arsen 

didi safarelis (IXs.) nawarmoebebSi qarTlis ganmanaTleblad 

ninos mouxseniebloba (kekeliZe 1956: 99-124). 

varaudi Txzulebis adreuli periodiT daTariRebis 

Sesaxeb jer kidev d. baqraZes aqvs gamoTqmuli. igi miuTi- 

Tebda, rom qarTlis moqcevis ambebis gadmocemisas ber- 

Zeni mwerlebi qarTul cnobebs iyenebdnen (baqraZe 1889: 

50). Txzulebis adreulobas aseve varaudobdnen m. TarxniSvili, 

g. meliqiSvili, i. lolaSvili, m. lorTqifaniZe, 

v. goilaZe (TarxniSvili 1994:179; meliqiSvili1959:23-28, 

lolaSvili 1978: 20; lorTqifaniZe 2003:356-366; goilaZe 

1991: 50-91). `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ VII s-mde Seqmnis Sexeduleba 

damowmebul iqna teqstSi xan-meturi formebis dadasturebiT 

(gigineiSvili 1988:134-144), xolo qarTuli 

mravalTavebis gaanalizebiT wm. ninos kultis VI s-Si arseboba 

ivarauda m. van-esbrokma (metreveli 1976: 67-88). 

amave gziT Seiswavla da ZeglSi gamovlenili sintaqsuri 

siriizmebis safuZvelze palestinur-siriuli, arameul 

18

dialeqtze mcxeTel iudevel- qristianTa wreSi Cawerilad 

da Vs-is dasawyisSi qarTulad Targmnilad miiCnevda 

T. mgalobliSvili (mgalobliSvili 1991). Tumca am mosazrebas 

mohyva kritika mecnierTa mxridan (CxartiSvili 1998: 

10-11). 

`wm. ninos cxovrebis~ daTariRebis gadasinjvis araerT 

mcdelobas hqonda adgili XX s-is 80-iani wlebidan. xangr- 

Zlivi kvleva-Ziebis Sedegad miRebulma gamocdilebam 

Txzulebis qarTlis moqcevis Tanadroulad Seqmnis tendencia 

warmoSva. gamoiTqva Tvalsazrisi `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ 

protoredaqciis IV s-is dasawyisSi qarTlis pirveli 

qristiani mefis Zis meuRlis salome uJarmelis mier 

Sedgenis Sesaxeb (CxartiSvili 1987 a ). Tvalsazriss marTebulad 

miiCnevs m. lorTqifaniZe da a. jafariZe (lorT-qifaniZe 

2003: 356-366; jafariZe 1996: 73-185). aRniSnuli Sexedulebis 

marTebuloba daadastura kulturuli aspeqtebis 

analizmac. r. siraZem saxismetyvelebiTi analiziT 

(siraZe 1985: 153-173), gamoarkvia, rom `wm. ninos cxovreba~ 

ori gansxvavebuli cnobierebis kulturuli adaptaciis 

process asaxavs. es procesi mTeli intensivobiT ganekuTvneba 

qristianobis Semosvlis periods, rac saSualebas aZlevs 

mkvlevars Txzulebis calkeuli epizodebis IV s-iT 

daTariRebisaTvis. am daskvnamde midis mTavari fabuluri 

ciklebis cal-calke filologiuri analiziTac (siraZe 

1989:235-259). yuradReba mieqca `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ manamde 

SeumCneveli teqstologiuri monacemebis Seswavlasac 

(warmarTuli dReobis aRwerisas CarTuli mcxeTeli 

warmarTebis mier warmoTqmuli fraza, RvTismSoblis 

mouxseniebloba, mirianis mier `fxovelTa zeda~ maxvilis 

mcired aRmarTvis epizodi, naklebad cnobili istoriuli 

faqtebis daculoba) da kidev erTxel dadasturebul iqna 

misi qarTlis moqcevis Tanadroulad Sedgena (kuWuxiZe 

1999: 129-142). TxzulebaSi gamovlenil iqna ninos Tanamedrove 

mwerlis mier Sedgenili teqstis fragmentic _ `sadac 

RmerTni RmerToben da mefeni mefoben~ (baramiZe 2003: 

55-58). Tumca sakiTxis garSemo wamoWrili kamaTi amiT ar 

dasrulebula. ukanasknel xans radikalurad gansxvavebuli 

Tvalsazrisi gamoiTqva daTariRebis sakiTxTan dakav- 

19

SirebiT qmnilebis saazrovno meqanizmis Sewavlis safuZvelze. 

m. surgulaZis azriT, axali sulieri faseulobebis 

da msoflmxedvelobrivi elementebis moazreba xdeba jer 

kidev Zveli miTosuri saazrovno meqanizmiT. qarTlis saeklesio 

istoriis gadmocemisas gamoyenebuli kategoriebi, 

mkvlevris dakvirvebiT, uCvenebs, rom am teqstSi gamiznulad 

Cadebulma informaciam socialuri mexsierebis 

meqanizmebSi moaswro gadamuSaveba. uTiTebs ra, medievist 

avtorebTan mocemul varauds, Tavad movlenidan mis miTizaciamde 

orsaukunovani Sualedis aucileblobis Sesaxeb, 

askvnis, rom saTuoa Txzulebis qarTlis moqcevis Tanadroulad 

Sedgena (surgulaZe 2001: 316-322). 

Tumca aRsaniSnavia is garemoebac, rom qristianobis saxelmwifo 

religiad gamocxadebas xangrZlivi Sesamzadebeli 

periodi uZRoda win. qristianobis pirveli mqadageblebi 

xom pirvel saukuneSi modian saqarTveloSi da qristes 

mcnebas acnoben mosaxleobas. wyaroebiT dasturdeba 

qarTlis moqcevamde mosaxleobis gaTviTcnobiereba Zveli 

da axali aRTqmis wignebSi. amis magaliTebi mravlad aris 

mocemuli `wm. ninos cxovrebaSi~ _ naTlad Cans sxvadasxva 

qveyanaSi gafantul ebraelebs Soris warmoebul (mcxeTel 

ebraelebTan) miwer-moweris sabuTebSi, kvarTis istoriis 

gadmocemisas. sayuradReboa isic, rom dReisaTvis gadawyvetilia 

`wm. ninos cxovrebis~ sandoobis sakiTxi _ 

specialistebi sando istoriul wyarod aRiareben da amis 

gaTvaliswinebiT, teqstiseul monacemebs Tu Tvals gavadevnebT, 

jer kidev, I saukuneSi ikveTeba mZlavri kulturuli 

fenis _ mwignobrebis, sjulis mecnierebis, mTargmnelebis 

arseboba. garda amisa, samecniero literaturaSi 

aRiarebulia, rom adreqristianuli xanis hagiografiuli 

Zeglebi didi literaturuli tradiciebiT sazrdoobda. 

yovelive zemoTqmuli gvaZlevs saSualebas vifiqroT, socialuri 

mexsierebis meqanizmebi sakmaod iyo Semzadebuli 

saimisod, rom qarTlis moqcevis droisaTvis Seqmniliyo 

moqcevis amsaxveli Txzuleba. 

20

Zeglis teqstologiuri kvleva 

wyaroTmcodneobiTi Sefasebis dros umTavresi mniSvneloba 

eniWeba wyaros teqstologiur kvlevas. aRsaniSnavia, 

rom Txzulebis nebismieri sakiTxis gadawyveta (daTariReba, 

atribucia, Sedgeniloba) teqstologiuri analizis 

Sedegebs emyareba. aqedan gamomdinare, gamokvlevebSi 

aRiniSneba naSromebi, romlebic wminda teqstologiuri 

problemebis Seswavlas emsaxureba da naSromebi, romlebic 

sxvadasxva sakiTxis gadasawyvetad teqstologiur Ziebas 

mimarTavs. am ukanasknelTa analizi Zeglis sxvadasxva 

sakiTxis Seswavlis istoriaSi gvaqvs CarTuli. amitomac 

SevCerdebiT wminda teqstologiur kvlevebze. aRniSnuli 

meTodiT warmarTulma Ziebam mravali saintereso Tvalsazrisi 

warmoSva. amis sailustraciod moviyvan ramdenime 

magaliTs. `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁSi~, rogorc cnobilia, 

dadasturebulia sintaqsuri siriizmebi, ris Sedegadac 

gamoiTqva `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ asurul enaze Sedgenis 

hipoTeza. amis sapasuxod enobrivi monacemebis gaSuqebiT 

c. qurcikiZe aRniSnavs, rom TxzulebaSi siriizmebis 

dadastureba ver iqneba argumenti `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ 

asurul enaze (Tvalsazrisi gamoTqmulia koniberis mier 

1900w.) Sedgenis Sesaxeb (SedarebisaTvis mohyavs sparsuli 

frazis daculoba) (qurcikiZe 1964: 67-97). enobrivi TvalsazrisiT 

Seswavlil iqna axali, sinuri redaqciac (aleqsi- 

Ze 2004: 3-16). gaanalizebul iqna TxzulebaSi dadasturebuli 

anaqronizmebi. teqstologiuri dakvirvebiT gamovlenil 

iqna qronikaSi redaqtoris orientiris meqanikuri 

aRrevis SemTxveva, ris Sedegadac m. CxartiSvilis SexedulebiT, 

miviReT SuSanikis martvilobis vaxtang gorgaslis 

Semdgom xanasTan dakavSireba (CxartiSvili 1990: 145-149). 

aseve, Seswavlil iqna calkeuli bundovani adgilebi. qronikis 

meore Tavis bolos darTuli epizodis analiziT 

dadginda, rom aRniSnuli epizodi Tavidan warmoadgenda 

redaqtoris mier SeniSvnis saxiT aSiaze minawers, romelic 

Semdgomma gadamwerma teqstis organul nawilad CaTvala. 

aman ganapiroba n. nikoloziSvilis TvalsazrisiT, Ziri- 

Tad teqstTan misi warumatebeli adaptacia (nikoloziSvili 

2003: 21-32). 

21

22 

Zeglis Sedgenilobis Seswavla 

gansakuTrebuli interesiT ekidebodnen mkvlevrebi 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ Sedgenilobis Seswavlas. dRemde 

davis sagans warmoadgens istoriografiaSi sakiTxi imis 

Sesaxeb, Zegli erTi mTliani Txzulebaa Tu ori sxvadasxva 

nawarmoebisagan Sedgeba. zogi mecnieris mier Txzulebis 

Semadgeneli ori nawili or sxvadasxva nawarmoebad aris 

miCneuli (TayaiSvili 1890; kakabaZe 1912; javaxiSvili 1977; 

TarxniSvili 1994). amosaval postulatad isini miuTiTebdnen 

am nawilebis Janrobriv Taviseburebebze: pirvels _ 

istoriul qronikad, meores _ `wm. ninos cxovrebas~, hagiografiul 

nawarmoebad asaxelebdnen. zogi mecnieris 

mier Txzulebis Semadgeneli nawilebi erT mTlianobad 

aris gaazrebuli. am mosazrebis umTavres argumentad saxeldeboda 

Txzulebis `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ saTauriT 

dawyeba da `wigni qarTlis moqcevisaÁ~... winadadebiT dam- 

Tavreba (kekeliZe 1943: 17-37). xazi gaesva maT Soris arsebul 

Sinagan kavSirebs. Tumca istoriuli meTodiT `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁSi~ daculi `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ mokle da 

vrcel redaqciaTa urTierTmimarTebis Ziebam maTi sxvadasxvaobac 

gamoavlina. redaqciebis gansxvavebuli warmomavloba 

dadasturda maTi avtorebis stilis formalurraodenobrivi 

meTodiT kvlevis Sedegad (CxartiSvili 

1980 a : 96-106). `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ struqturis Sesaxeb 

saintereso Sexeduleba aqvs gamoTqmuli z. aleqsiZes. mas 

samecniero mimoqcevaSi gansasjelad Seamoqvs sinas mTaze 

aRmoCenil qarTul xelnawerTa koleqciaSi moTavsebuli 

ori axli redaqcia, romelTa Seswavlis safuZvelze askvnis, 

rom Tavidan arsebobda `qarTlis moqcevis wignebi~, 

sadac Sesuli iyo sxva TxzulebebTan erTad `moqcevaÁ qar- 

TlisaÁ~ (qronika) da `wm. ninos cxovreba~, xolo SemdgomSi 

`qarTlis moqcevis wignebis~ daviwroebis Sedegad miRebulad 

miiCnevs `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ Satberdul da Weli- 

Sur krebulebs (aleqsiZe 1998: 25-32).

Zeglis avtoris vinaobis Seswavla 

gamokvleul iqna `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ avtoris vinaobis 

sakiTxi. Txzulebam Cvenamde ramdenime redaqciiT 

moaRwia, romelTa atribuciis gansazRvra umTavresad 

istoriul-filologiuri analizis Sedegebs emyareboda. 

azrTa sxvadasxvaoba aRiniSna metafrasuli redaqciis 

avtoris vinaobis Sesaxeb, rac ganpirobebuli iyo Txzulebis 

boloSi darTuli anderZis dazianebuli striqonebis 

sxvadasxvagvari amokiTxviT (Jordania 1902; karbelaSvili 

1902; TayaiSvili 1906; kekeliZe 1960:311-313; kakaba- 

Ze 1924: 56-92; janaSia 1940: 475-484; lolaSvili 1974: 7-17; 

gabiZaSvili 1978: 77-78). rogorc aRvniSneT, Sinaarsobrivi 

kvlevis safuZvelze problemis axleburi gadawyveta 

gamoikveTa _ protoredaqciis avtorad, Txzulebisave 

poziciiT _ redaqtor-Semdgenlad salome uJarmeli iqna 

dasaxelebuli. damatebiTi teqstologiuri monacemebis 

moxmobiT aRniSnul TvalsazrisSi erTgvari dazusteba 

iqna Setanili g. kuWuxiZis mier. mkvlevari salome uJarmels 

erT-erT redaqtorad asaxelebs, mTavari redaqtori 

ki misi TvalTaxedviT iyo saboloo gamformebeli, romelmac 

SesavalSi miuTiTa `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ Caweris saqmeSi 

salome uJarmelisa da peroJavr sivnielis Rvawlze, 

romelmac aRniSna mirianis anderZis saTaurSi anderZis 

salome uJarmelisaTvis gadacemis faqti (kuWuxiZe 1999: 

129-142). SemdgomSi, g. kuWuxiZe yuradRebas amaxvilebs salome 

uJarmelTan dakavSirebul erT bundovan epizodze, 

romlis mixedviT wm. ninos mosavlelad bodSi Casuli salome 

uJarmeli WeliSur da metafrasul redaqciebSi suji 

dedoflad aris moxseniebuli. cnobaTa urTierTSejerebis 

Sedegad varaudobs, rom `suji~ igive salome uJarmelia, 

rom qaragmiT (salomeze wm. ninos mier Tqmuli locvis 

bolos) miwerili dedoflis saxeli, teqstis gadamwerma 

sakuTar saxelad miiCnia (kuWuxiZe 2004: 26-35). 

23

24 

Zeglis wyaroebis sakiTxis Seswavla 

saTanado yuradReba mieqca `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ wyaroebis 

sakiTxs. am wyaroTa gamovlenas didi mniSvneloba 

aqvs Txzulebis sandoobisa Tu mematianis mier gamoyenebuli 

meTodis gansasazRvravad. mieZRvna naSromebi `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁs~ sxvadasxva redaqciaTa protoredaqciis 

dadgenas. gamorkveul iqna, rom perifrazuli redaqcia 

metafrasulisagan momdinareobs (cxadaZe 1956: 390-401), 

xolo metafrasulis wyarod miCneuli iyo Satberdul- 

WeliSuri redaqcia (javaxiSvili 1977: 187; kekeliZe 1980: 

280; qurcikiZe 1967: 269-275). mogvianebiT, metafrasuli 

variantis wyarod dasaxelebul iqna protoWeliSuri anu 

Satberdulisa da WeliSuris saerTo protografi. gamoi- 

Tqva gansxvavebuli Sexedulebac. sxvadasxva redaqciebis 

(Satberduli, WeliSuri, mroveliseuli, metafrasuli) 

cnobaTa urTierTSejerebiT, g. kuWuxiZe adreul periodSi 

ori redaqciis Seqmnis varauds gamoTqvams, romlebic 

Satberdul-WeliSur xelnawerebma Semogvinaxes (kuWuxiZe 

2004:26-35). gamokvleul iqna mroveliseuli redaqciis wyaros 

sakiTxic. misi xan Satberdul, xan WeliSur redaqcieb- 

Tan msgavsebis safuZvelze gamoiTqva mrovelis mier orive 

wyaroTi sargeblobis Sexeduleba (yubaneiSvili 1940:91- 

101). am mosazrebas zogi mkvlevari aramarTebulad Tvlida 

da `cxovreba qarTvelTa mefeTas~ wyarod `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ 

gansxvavebul redaqcias (meliqiSvili 1959: 23-28), 

Satberdul-WeliSuri redaqciis saerTo dedans asaxelebda 

(CxartiSvili 1980b: 114-121). orive Txzulebis avtorebis 

erTi saerTo wyaroTi sargebloba dadasturebul iqna 

maTive urTierTmimarTebiTi analiziTac (abaSiZe 1991: 108- 

116). Tumca specialur literaturaSi aRiniSna maT Soris 

sxvaobac, rasac g. araxamia wyarosadmi kritikul midgomis 

gamoxatulebad Tvlis (araxamia 1991: 47-69). Seswavlil 

iqna TviTon `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ wyaroebis sakiTxic. 

teqstologiur-SedarebiTi kvleviT Txzulebis wyarod 

dasaxelebul iqna armazuli matiane (ingoroyva 1941: 259- 

321), aleqsandre kviprelis jvris gamoCinebis sakiTxavi 

(mgalobliSvili 1975: 57-65), Cvenamde mouRweveli VII s-is

matiane (xoStaria-brose 1991: 181-188), grigol diakonis 

Txzuleba (goilaZe 2003: 70-76). Txzulebis wyarod VII s-is 

matianes miiCnevs e. xoStaria-brose. rogorc cnobilia, VII 

s-is matianes Cvenamde ar mouRwevia, mis Sesaxeb mkvlevari 

isev da isev `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ monacemebiT msjelobs. 

igi Tvlis, rom am matianis Semoklebul variants warmoadgens 

qronika. amis Sesaxeb araerTi varaudi aRiniSna e. xoStaria-broses 

winamorbed mecnierTa mxridan. maTgan gansxvavebiT, 

e. xoStaria-brose Seecada daedasturebina VII s-is 

matianis kvali `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ qronikis saxiT da 

leonti mrovelTan (xoStaria-brose 1991: 181-188; xoStaria-brose 

1996; xoStaria-brose 2001: 380-384). ukanasknel 

xans sayuradRebo mosazreba aRiniSna grigol diakonis 

Txzulebis Sesaxebac. Txzuleba specialur literaturaSi 

dakargulad iTvleboda. Tumca mkvlevrebi adreve gamoTqvamdnen 

varauds, jvris aRmarTvis sakiTxavis grigol diakonis 

kuTvnilebis Sesaxeb. bolo xanebSi sakiTxs Seexo v. 

goilaZe. misi dakvirvebiT, swored, grigol diakons unda 

ekuTvnodes `wminda ninos cxovrebis~ me-14 TavSi daculi 

jvris aRmarTvis sakiTxavi, romelsac IV s-is 20-ian wlebSi 

qarTul enaze Sedgenilad acxadebs (goilaZe 2003: 70-76). 

gaanalizebul iqna `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ ucxouri bizantiuri 

da somxuri redaqciebi, romlebsac saqarTvelos 

istoriis avtoritetuli mkvlevrebi Txzulebis 

vrceli redaqciis wyaroebad miiCnevdnen (javaxiSvili 

1977: 103-111; kekeliZe 1943: 17-37). aRniSnuli Sexeduleba 

ar iqna gaziarebuli maTive Tanamedrove Tu Semdgomi istorikosebis 

mier. maTgan gansxvavebiT, d. baqraZe qarTul 

versias miuTiTebda ucxouri redaqciebis wyarod (baqraZe 

1889). `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ adgilobrivi versiis dadgenis 

TvalsazrisiT mniSvnelovani Ziebebi Catarda XX s-is 80-ian 

wlebSi. qarTul-ucxouri masalebis SedarebiTi analizis 

Sedegad dadasturda, rom bizantiuri da somxuri versiebis 

pirvelwyaro adgilobriv Seqmnili Txzuleba iyo 

(CxartiSvili 1987 a ; siraZe 1989: 235-259). gamokvleul iqna 

somxur svinaqsarul redaqciebTan urTierTmimarTebis 

sakiTxic (afciauri 2000: 261-265). aRiniSna misi, rogorc 

istoriuli wyaros, gamoyenebis mcdeloba. gamoirkva, 

25

om `wm. ninos cxovreba~ Zvirfas cnobebs Seicavs Crdilo 

kavkasiisa da kavkasiis albaneTis tomebis qarTlis samefosTan 

politikuri Tu kulturuli urTierTobis istoriisaTvis 

(wulaia 1979: 97-107). aseve warmoCenil iqna `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁs~ mniSvneloba qarTlis socialuri da 

politikuri istoriis SeswavlisaTvis (gogolaZe 2004). 

26 

Zeglis saxismetyvelebiTi analizi 

gaSuqebul iqna `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ axali, manamde SeumCneveli 

aspeqtebi. Zegli uxvad Seicavs sakralur siu- 

Jetebs, TiTqmis yovel epizodSi vxvdebiT saxarebiseul 

qveteqstebs, aqve mravladaa daculi warmarTuli azrovnebis 

nimuSebi. e.i. Txzuleba sazogadoebrivi cnobierebis 

gardamaval etaps asaxavs. aRniSnul kulturul-istoriuli 

siuJetebis kvlevas saTanado yuradReba mieqca specialur 

literaturaSi. Zeglis saxismetyvelebis Seswavlas 

sagangebo naSromi miuZRvna r. siraZem, romelmac SemogvTavaza 

ninos saxis qristianuli da warmarTobidan 

momdinare simbolikis analizis safuZvelze qarTuli warmarTuli 

panTeonis mTavari qal-RvTaebis `didi-dedis~ 

anu `deda-uflis~ rekonstruqcia. mecnieri aRniSnavs, 

rom ninos saxe mravalmxrivia, rom esaa nimuSi warmarTuli 

idealebis qristianulad modificirebisa, razec, misive 

dakvirvebiT, miuTiTebs masSi ori niSan-Tvisebis 

Serwyma `dedufali~ da `tyve~. `dedufali~ aq warmarTobidan 

momdinare maxasiaTebeli unda iyos, xolo `tyve~ 

_ qristianuli idealebis gamomxatveli. amasTan sxva 

warmarTul-qristianuli saxeebis (mcxeTa da ierusalimi; 

baRi da samoTxe; `Tvali patiosani~; mzis dabneleba; mayvlovani 

da àdgilis deda~; `mTa~; `xe~; xe da iremi; `jvari 

nasxlevisa~; `sveticxoveli~) SedarebiTi ganxilviT gamoarkvia, 

rom xdeba Zveli warmodgenebis desakralizeba da 

maTTvis axleburi mniSvnelobis miniWeba (siraZe 1985: 153- 

173). Txzulebis simbolikebiT gadmocemuli sakraluri 

Sinaarsis aspeqtebs asaCinovebs l. patariZec. mkvlevari 

ramdenime epizodis analiziT (maT Soris `wigni dabeWdulis~, 

romelsac moiazrebs, rogorc erTgvar nebarTvas

warmarTul qveyanaSi qristianuli sjulis saqadageblad; 

`naZvi libaniT mosulis~, romlis sulier da materialur 

mniSvnelobaze miuTiTebs; elias xalenis, romlis mcxeTaSi 

daculobas meored mosvlis epoqaze miniSnebad miiCnevs) 

warmoaCens sakraluri droisa da sivrcis aRqmis sakiTxs 

adreqristianuli xanis saqarTveloSi. askvnis, rom TxzulebaSi 

simbolizirebulia, ara marto àxali~ Jamis mowevna, 

aramed mocemulia sivrcis sakralizaciac (patariZe 

1988: 103-108; patariZe 1989: 58-63; patariZe 1993). 

Zeglis siwmindeebis qristes kvarTisa da elias xalenis 

simbolikis gaazreba mocemulia m. CxartiSvilis mesianisturi 

sakiTxebisadmi miZRvnil naSromSi. mkvlevari 

gamoTqvams Tvalsazriss, rom qristes madlis qarTvel 

erze gadmosvlis miniSnebad miTiTebulia qristes kvar- 

Tis da elias xalenis mcxeTaSi daculoba. aRniSnavs, rom 

qristes jvarcmis Semdgom uflis rCeulma erma _ ebraelebma 

dakarges uflis madli da awmyo droSi es madli gadmoeca 

qarTvel ers ebraelebis xeliT, xolo, rac Seexeba 

elias xalenis mcxeTaSi daculobas, Tvlis, rom zemoTxsenebuli 

Sexeduleba moiTxovs ganviTarebas _ mcxeTaSi 

daculi xaleniT ara marto droze migveniSneba, aramed 

adgilze, sadac mova elia. adgilis lokalizacia ki Sesa- 

Zlebelia iq, sadac daculia siwmindeebi _ eliozianTa 

saxli da samefo baRi (CxartiSvili 1999: 6-17). 

gaanalizebul iqna adgilebis simbolikis sakiTxic. 

ganixilavs ra, javaxeTis mTebis da farvanas tbas simbolur 

mniSvnelobas v. inauri, miuTiTebs, hagiografiuli 

nawarmoebis ZiriTadi sqema uflis cxovrebis identuria, 

wmindanis cxovrebisa da moRvaweobis gzas avtori uflis 

gzas amsgavsebs. qristianuli simbolikis gaazrebisa da 

paralelebis safuZvelze Tvlis, rom javaxeTi da farvana 

ninosTvis da saqarTvelosTvis galileas funqcias asrulebs 

_ uflis gza galileadan ierusalimamde da ninos 

gza javaxeTidan mcxeTamde (inauri 2003: 79-82). 

gamoiTqva RvTismSoblis simboluri saxis dadasturebis 

Sexeduleba. am TvalsazrisiT gaanalizebul iqna `mayvlovanis~ 

leqsikuri da simboluri mniSvneloba. teqstolgiuri 

dakvirvebiT (q. bezaraSvili, b. kuli) gamorkveul 

27

iqna, rom `mayvali~/`mayvlovans~ 1) ekliani buCqis, 2) mayvali, 

mayvlis buCqis mniSvneloba hqonda, romelic droTa 

ganmavlobaSi kargavs pirvel mniSvnelobas da Tanamedrove 

qarTulSi SemorCenilia meore mniSvnelobiT. mkvlevrebi 

askvnian, rom mayvlis es mniSvneloba Zvel qarTul 

teqstebSi asaxavs da imeorebs moses ekliani buCqis leqsikur 

da simbolur mniSvnelobas (bezaraSvili, kuli 2000: 56- 

70). TxzulebaSi mayvlovans mniSvnelovani adgili ukavia, 

radgan wm. nino RvTismSoblis nacvlad igzavneba saqarTveloSi 

qristianobis saqadageblad. swored, mayvlovanSi 

idebs binas wm. nino, aq aRmarTavs `jvari nasxlevisas~, aq 

axdens saswaulebs _ gankurnavs nana dedofals. am da sxva 

teqstologiuri monacemebis safuZvelze, q. elaSvili miiCnevs, 

rom `mayvlovanis~ saxismetyvelebiTi mniSvneloba 

TiTqosda aRemateba bibliur simbolikas, es `Seuwveli 

buCqi~ moiazreba rogorc RmerTis droebiTi sasufeveli. 

misi azriT, qarTul hagiografiaSi `mayvlovanSi~ igulisxmeba 

RvTismSobeli an RvTismSoblisgan `xeldasmulni~ 

(elaSvili 2000: 45-47). 

gamokvleul iqna Txzulebis bibliuri paradigmebi. gamoTqmulia 

mosazreba, rom qarTlis ganmanaTleblis um- 

Tavres bibliur paradigmad _ yovladwminda RvTismSobeli, 

xolo mirian mefis paradigmad _ konstantine didi 

moiazreba. teqstologiuri meTodiT gaanalizebul iqna 

sxva bibliuri paradigmebi _ iosebi da wm. nino, pavle da 

miriani. am paradigmebis erT konteqstSi warmodgena g. 

alibegaSvilis SexedulebiT, iseTi sayuradRebo saxeideebs 

gamohyofs, romlebic mniSvnelovan miTiTebebs 

iZleva saqarTveloSi arsebul qristianul realiebze da 

saerTod, qarTuli qristianuli kulturis istoriisaTvis 

(alibegaSvili 2001: 11-17). 

warmarTuli warmodgenebis qristianuli modificirebis 

analizis mcdeloba sami mniSvnelovani paradigmuli 

saxis _ kerp-RvTaeba armazis, kerpTa msxvrevis da bivritbivrilis 

Tvali patiosanis Seswavlis safuZvelze mocemulia 

n. gonjilaSvilis specialur monografiaSi. naSromSi 

warmoCenilia maTi arqetipuli saxe-ideebi, simboluri 

mniSvneloba, axali saxismetyvelebiTi Sinaarsi. Seswav- 

28

lilia aRniSnul paradigmul saxeTa konkretul-istoriuli 

Sinaarsi da tipologiuri mimarTebani mxatvrul nawarmoebebTan 

da sxvadasxva religiur msoflmxedvelobasTan 

(gonjilaSvili 2006). 

sayuradRebo konteqstSi iqna gaazrebuli `wm. ninos 

cxovreba~. sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi momxdarma cvlilebebma 

wamoWra istoriuli mecnierebis meTodologiuri 

gadaxalisebis sakiTxi. am TvalsazrisiT sainteresoa m. 

CxartiSvilis gamokvleva romelic Seexeba qarTuli identobis 

istoriis gaazrebas. Teoriul CarCod aRebuli aqvs 

britaneli mecnieris e. smiTis Sromebi eTnikurobis Sesaxeb. 

mkvlevari warmogvidgens smiTiseul eTnikur ganzomilebaTa 

TvalTaxedviT qarTvelTa cxovrebaSi momxdari 

umniSvnelovanesi faqtis _ moqcevis istoriis ganxilvas 

da askvnis, rom ideologiurad gardamavali epoqis sazogadoebaSi 

gamoikveTa qarTuli identoba _ terminiT naTesavi, 

rogorc transeTnikuri religiis Seqmnis periodSi 

eTnikuri TavisTavadobis SenarCunebis gamoxatuleba (CxartiSvili 

2002: 32-47). 

Zeglis sandoobis sakiTxis Seswavla 

vinaidan ama Tu im Zeglis kvlevis dros erT-erT umniSvnelovanes 

amocanas misi sandoobis sakiTxis gamokvleva 

warmoadgens, `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ am kuTxiT analizs 

mieZRvna specialuri naSromebi. Zeglis Seswavlis sawyis 

etapze mis mimarT hiperkritikuli damokidebuleba gamoikveTa. 

i. javaxiSvili fsevdo-epigrafikul nawarmoebTa 

ricxvs miakuTvnebda da masSi dacul cnobebs ndobis Rirsad 

ar Tvlida, gvian SeTxzulad da yalbad acxadebda 

(javaxiSvili 1977: 103-111). cnobebs nawilobriv legendaruls 

uwodebdnen k. kekeliZe da m. TarxniSvili (kekeliZe 

1943: 17-37; TarxniSvili 1994: 179) ukanaskneli xanis 

gamokvlevebiT (m. CxartiSvilis, r. siraZis, v. goilaZis) ki 

dadasturda, rom sando istoriul wyaros warmoadgens. 

daZleul iqna nihilizmi. mkvlevrebi meti ndobiT ekidebian 

maTSi daculi cnobebis analizs, vinaidan isini istoriuli 

realobis amsaxvelia. amis erT-erTi magaliTia n. 

29

nikoloziSvilis sadisertacio naSromi `qarTli elinizmisa 

da qristianobis saTaveebTan `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ da 

`qarTvel mefeTa cxovrebis~ mixedviT (nikoloziSvili 

2006). aq `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ cnobebi verificirebulia 

aleqsandre makedonelis droidan vidre qristianobis 

saxelmwifo religiad aRiarebamde (CaTvliT) periodSi. 

wyaros avTenturoba dadasturebulia kidev erTxel. 

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba mieqca Sinagani kritikisaTvis 

istoriografiuli TvalsazrisiT kvlevas, radgan 

swored am gziT aris SesaZlebeli faqtebis fiqsaciis 

principis amocnoba. aRiniSna qarTuli istoriuli azris 

ganviTarebis sakiTxis ganxilva adre feodaluri xanis 

qarTuli saistorio wyaroebis mixedviT, romelTa Soris 

gaanalizebulia `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ (lorTqifaniZe 

1966). TxzulebaSi damowmebul iqna faqtebisadmi istoriuli 

midgoma (CxartiSvili 1985: 124-130). 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ wyaroTmcodneobiTi Seswavlis 

sakiTxebi mravali kuTxiT iqna warmoCenili qristeSobis 

ori aTasi wlisTavisadmi miZRvnil saerTaSoriso simpoziumze. 

rogorc aq wakiTxul moxsenebaTa mokle Sinaarsebis 

krebuli cxadyofs, gamomsvlelebi aSuqebdnen terminologiis, 

qronologiis, istoriografiis Tu sxva mniSvnelovan 

sakiTxebs (qristianoba... 2000). 

aqve aRvniSnavT, rom am ukanaskneli periodis mecnieruli 

gamokvlevebis Sedegebis gaTvaliswinebiT araerTi 

sayuradRebo Sexeduleba aqvs gamoTqmuli r. siraZes 

`wm. ninos cxovrebis~ skolaSi swavlebis Taobaze (siraZe 

1992). sakiTxis dasma warmatebuli aRmoCnda _ dReisaTvis 

Txzuleba iswavleba zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolebSi 

qrestomaTia 1999). 

30 

Ppublikaciebi da Targmanebi 

Zeglis Seswavlis TvalsazrisiT didi mniSvneloba aqvs 

mis publikacias, romelic umTavresad xorcieldeboda 

teqstologiuri analizis Sedegad. `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ 

pirveli gamocema ekuTvnis e. TayaiSvils _ teqsti calcalke 

or nawilad gamoaqveyna, rac ganpirobebuli iyo

mkvlevris poziciiT Zeglis SedgenilobasTan dakavSirebiT 

_ igi Semadgenel nawilebs or damoukidebel nawarmoebad 

miiCnevda (TayaiSvili 1890; misive 1891). Txzulebis 

nawili daibeWda T. Jordanias qronikebSi (Jordania 1892). 

igi Sesulia Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis 

ZeglebSi: pirvel tomSi _ Satberdul- WeliSuri redaqcia 

(1963), mesame tomSi _ metafrasuli redaqcia (1971), 

meoTxe tomSi _ svinaqsaruli redaqcia (1968). Txzulebis 

xelaxali gaazrebis TvalsazrisiT ganxorcielda misi 

kritikuli gamocema b. gigineiSvilisa da e. giunaSvilis 

mier (Satberdis krebuli 1979). 

sxvadasxva qveynis specialistTa interesis gaTvaliswinebiT, 

ganxorcielda ucxour enebze Targmanebi Tanamedrove 

mecnieruli miRwevebis Sesatyvisi komentirebiT. 

Txzulebis pirveli rusuli Targmani Sesrulebul iqna 

e. TayaiSvilis mier (TayaiSvili 1900), romlis xelaxali 

gamocema Sesabamisi redaqciuli cvlilebebiT da komentarebiT 

SemogvTavaza m. CxartiSvilma (CxartiSvili 1989). 

Zegli Targmnil iqna inglisur enaze (uordropi 1900: 

1-88), germanul enaze (PpeCi1975: 288-337), polonur enaze 

(kolbaia1995). 

amrigad, `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ analizi erT-erTi aqtualuri 

sakiTxia qarTul istoriografiaSi. Zeglis 

Seswavla intensiurad mimdinareobda mecnieruli qarTvelologiis 

Camoyalibebis droidan moyolebuli. zemoT 

ganxiluli masalis safuZvelze gamoirkva, rom Txzulebis 

kvleva drois sxvadasxva monakveTSi gansxvavebul xasiaTs 

atarebda. Zeglis Seswavlisadmi miZRvnili pirveli naSromebi 

XIX s-is miwuruls qveyndeba, romlebic pirveladi 

teqstologiuri ZiebiT Semoifargla. vinaidan am period- 

Si mkvlevrebi wyaros mxolod garegan kritikas aqcevdnen 

jerovan yuradRebas, aRniSnul naSromebSi asaxva hpova 

Tanadrouli epoqis mecnierulma miRwevebma. sruliad 

gansxvavebulia Zeglisadmi midgoma XX s-is dasawyisSi. am 

droisaTvis specialur literaturaSi wyaros Sinagani 

kritika mkvidrdeba. Txzulebis pirvelxarisxovani Sinagani 

analiziT misdami hiperkritikuli damokidebuleba 

gamoikveTa da gviandel qmnilebad gamocxadda. es Sexedu- 

31

leba karga xans dominirebda specialur literaturaSi. 

qarTlis moqcevis amsaxveli Txzulebis Seswavlis TvalsazrisiT 

mniSvnelovani etapi XX s-is 80-iani wlebidan 

iwyeba, rac ganpirobebuli iyo sazogadoebriv cnobierebaSi 

momxdari cvlilebebiT: ixveweba kvlevis meTodebi, 

icvleba sakiTxebisadmi Teoriuli midgoma, adgili hqonda 

meTodologiur gadaxalisebas. aRZrul iqna yvela arsebiTi 

problema: didi yuradReba eTmoboda teqstologiur 

sakiTxebs, Tavdapirveli redaqciis gamovlenas, atribucias, 

daTariRebas, wyaros cnobebis urTierTSejerebas 

da sxv. gamoiTqva axali Tvalsazrisebi, gakeTebul iqna axleburi 

interpretaciebi. am sakiTxebze daiwera sagangebo 

monografiebi, iTargmna rusul da evropul enebze. Tumca 

bevri ram gakeTda, rogorc vnaxeT, azrTa erTianoba araa 

miRweuli. jer kidev diametralurad gansxvavdeba bevri 

Tvalsazrisi. umTavresi rac moxda, nihilizmi daiZlia, 

gansakuTrebiT qronikis informaciisa da `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ 

mimarT. meti ndobiT aRiareben cnobebis avTenturobas. 

damowmebani: 

abaSiZe 1988: abaSiZe e. qarTlis istoria `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-Si. – 

saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis macne, istoriis seria, № #3, 1988. 

abaSiZe 1991: abaSiZe e. `qarTlis cxovreba~ da `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~s 

urTierTmimarTebiTi sakiTxebi. saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis 

macne, istoriis seria, #№ 3, 1991. 

aleqsiZe 1998 : aleqsiZe z. `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s struqturisaTvis. 

saqarTvelos eklesiis, qarTuli sasuliero mwerlobisa da qristianuli 

xelovnebis istoriis sakiTxebi, Tb.: gamomcemloba `wminda nino~, 1998. 

aleqsiZe, gvaxaria 2000: aleqsiZe z., gvaxaria a. sparsuli fraza `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁ~-s `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ teqstSi. _ qristianoba: warsuli, 

awmyo, momavali, saerTaSoriso simpoziumi, moxsenebaTa mokle Sinaarsebi. 

Tb.: 2000. 

aleqsiZe 2002: aleqsiZe z. kvlav sparsuli fraza `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁ~-s `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ teqstSi. gelaTis mecnierebaTa akademiis 

Jurnali, #№ 2, quTaisi: 2002. 

aleqsiZe 2004: aleqsiZe z. `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s matianis axali redaqcia. 

gelaTis mecnierebaTa akademiis Jurnali, № #3, quTaisi: 2004. 

alibegaSvili 2001: alibegaSvili g. `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s paradigmebi. 

literaturuli Ziebani, XXII, 2001. 

araxamia 1991: araxamia g. `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s da `cxovreba qar- 

TvelTa mefeTa~. istoriul-wyaroTmcodneobiTi gamokvlevebi. Tb.: gamomcemloba 

`mecniereba~, 1991. 

32

afciauri 2000: afciauri n. qarTvelTa gaqristianebis sakiTxebi `wm. 

ninos cxovrebis~ somxur svinarqsarul redaqciaSi. mesxeTi: 

2000. 

baramiZe 2003: baramiZe r. qarTuli mwerlobis saTaveebTan. literaturuli 

Ziebani, XXIV, Tb.: 2003. 

baqraZe 1889: baqraZe d. istoria saqarTvelosi . tf.: stamba e. g. mesxisa, 

1889. 

bezaraSvili, kuli 2000: bezaraSvili q., kuli b. `mayvlovanis~ gagebisaTvis 

Zvel qarTul mwerlobaSi. literaturuli Ziebani, XXI, Tb.: 2000. 

gabiZaSvili 1978: gabiZaSvili e. ruis-urbnisis krebis Zegliswera. 

Tb.: gamomcemloba `mecniereba~, 1978. 

gigineiSvili 1988: gigineiSvili b. `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s qronologia. 

mnaTobi, #№ 8, Tb.; 1988. 

gogolaZe 2004: gogolaZe m. qarTlis socialuri da politikuri istoria 

~moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s mixedviT. Tb.: gamomcemloba `meridiani~, 

2004. 

goilaZe 1991: goilaZe v. qarTuli eklesiis saTaveebTan. Tb.: gamomcemloba 

`saqarTvelo~, 1991. 

goilaZe 2003: goilaZe v. dakargulad unda miviCnioT grigol diakonis 

Txzuleba? saistorio vertikalebi, № #4, 2003. 

gonjilaSvili 2006: gonjilaSvili n. `wmida ninos cxovrebis~ paradigmuri 

saxeebi, Tb.: gamomcemloba ùniversali~, 2006. 

elaSvili 2000: elaSvili q. RvTismSoblis simboluri saxe da adreuli 

periodis qarTuli hagiografia. _ literaturuli Ziebani, XXI, Tb.: 

2000. 

TarxniSvili 1994: TarxniSvili m. `qarTuli eklesiis adreuli istoriis 

somxur-qarTuli wyaroebi. werilebi, Tb.: gamomcemloba `kandeli~, 

1994. 

TayaiSvili 1890: TayaiSvili e. sami istoriuli xronika (I nawili). tf.: 

1890. 

TayaiSvili 1891: TayaiSvili e. axali varianti `wm. ninos cxovrebisa~ 

(meore nawili). tf.: 1891. 

TayaiSvili 1906: Такаишвили Е. С., Описание рукописей, Тф.: 1906. 

inauri 2003: inauri v. javaxeTi `ninos cxovrebaSi~. literaturuli 


ingoroyva 1939: ingoroyva p. qarTuli mwerlobis istoriis mokle mimoxilva. 

mnaTobi, № #9, Tb.: 1939. 

ingoroyva 1941: ingoroyva p. Zveli qarTuli matiane `moqcevaÁ qar- 

TlisaÁ~ da antikuri xanis iberiis mefeTa sia. saqarTvelos saxelmwifo 

muzeumis moambe, XI-B, 1941. 

kakabaZe 1912: Какабадзе С.С. О древнегрузинских летописцах Х в. Тф. Электропеч. 

А. Кереселидзе, 1912. 

kakabaZe 1924: kakabaZe s. `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~. saistorio Ziebani, 

Tb.: gamomcemloba `saxelgami~, 1924. 

karbelaSvili 1902: karbelaSvili p. cxovreba wmida ninosi. tf.: 1902. 

kekeliZe 1943: kekeliZe k. `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ Sedgeniloba, wyaroebi 

da erovnuli tendenciebi. literaturuli Ziebani, I, Tb.: 1943. 

33

kekeliZe 1956: kekeliZe k. Zveli qarTuli weliwadi. etiudebi, I, Tb.: 

Tsu-s gamomcemloba, 1956. 

kekeliZe 1960: kekeliZe k. qarTuli literaturis istoria, I, Tb.: Tsus 

gamomcemloba, 1960. 

kekeliZe 1980: kekeliZe k. Zveli qarTuli literaturis istoria, I, 

Tb.: Tsu-s gamomcemloba, 1980. 

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kuWuxiZe 1999: kuWuxiZe g. kidev erTxel `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ daTariRebisaTvis. 

literaturuli Ziebani, XX, Tb.: 1999. 

kuWuxiZe 2004: kuWuxiZe g. vin iyo suji dedofali. literaturuli 

Ziebani, XXV, Tb.: 2004. 

lolaSvili 1974: lolaSvili i. metafrasuli `ninos cxovrebis~ avtoris 

vinaobisaTvis. saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis macne, enis 

seria, #№ 4, 1974. 

lolaSvili 1978: lolaSvili i. qarTuli wignisa da mwerlobis sawyisebTan. 

Tb.: 1978. 

lorTqifaniZe 1966: lorTqifaniZe m. adre feodaluri xanis qar- 

Tuli saistorio mwerloba. Tb.: gamomcemloba `sabWoTa saqarTvelo~, 

1966. 

lorTqifaniZe 2003: lorTqifaniZe m. adre Suasaukuneebis qarTuli 

saistorio mwerlobis zogi sakiTxi. - valerian gabaSvili. Tb.: gamomcemloba 

`meridiani~, 2003. 

mari 1897: Марр Н. Я., Хитон господен в книжных легендах армян, грузин и 

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mgalobliSvili 1975: mgalobliSvili T. aleqsandre kvipreli monazvnis 

jvris gamoCinebis sakiTxavi `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s erT-erTi 

wyaro. mravalTavi, IV, 1975. 

mgalobliSvili 1991: mgalobliSvili T. klarjuli mravalTavi. teqsti 

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meliqiSvili 1959: Меликишвили Г.А., К истории древней Грузии, Тб.: 1959. 

metreveli 1974: metreveli e. axali naSromi qarTul mravalTavebze. 

saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis macne, enis seria, № # #4, 1974. 

nikoloziSvili 1991: nikoloziSvili n. `naTel-iRo wylisa da miwisagan~. 

literatura da xelovneba, № #3, 1991. 

nikoloziSvili 2003: nikoloziSvili n. tyve ganmanaTleblebi (`moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁ~-s erTi bundovani adgilis ganmartebisaTvis). klio, 

№ # #20, Tb.: 2003. 

nikoloziSvili 2006: nikoloziSvili n. qarTli elinizmisa da qristianobis 

saTaveebTan `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s da `qarTvel mefeTa cxovrebis~ 

mixedviT.disertacia wardgenili istoriis mecnierebaTa kandidatis 

xarisxis mosapoveblad, Tb.: 2006. 

patariZe 1988: patariZe l. `ninos cxovrebis~ erTi simbolos gagebisaTvis. 

saqarTvelos mecnirebaTa akademiis macne, istoriis seria, #№ #2, 

1988. 

34

patariZe 1989: patariZe l. sakraluri dro da sivrce `ninos cxovrebaSi~. 

istoriul-wyaroTmcodneobiTi Ziebani, Tb.: 1989. 

patariZe 1993: patariZe l. `cxovrebaÁ wmidisa ninoÁsi~ (qarTlis 

gaqristianebis kulturul-istoriuli sakiTxebi). Tb.: gamomcemloba 


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siraZe 1985: siraZe r. wm. nino da `deda-ufali~. mnaTobi, № # #2, 1985. 

siraZe 1989: siraZe r. `wm ninos cxovreba~ da dasawyisi qarTuli hagiografiisa. 

ganTiadi, № # #3, 1989. 

siraZe 1992: siraZe r. qristianuli kultura da qarTuli mwerloba, 

Tb.: Tsu-s gamomcemloba, 1992. 

surgulaZe 2001: surgulaZe m. socialuri mexsierebis faqtebi `ninos 

cxovrebaSi~. mravalTavi, XIX, 2001. 

uordropi 1900: Wardrop M., Wardrop O., Life of St. Nino. Studia Bilica and Ecclesiastica. 

Essays chiefly in Biblical and patristic criticism by members of the uniersity 

of Oxsford,Oxsford:1900. 

qrestomaTia 1999: Zveli qarTuli literaturis qrestomaTia. IX 

klasi. Seadgines da komentarebi daurTes b. gigineiSvilma, l. grigalaSvilma, 

v. rodonaiam. Tb.: mecniereba 1999. 

qristianoba... 2000: qristianoba: warsuli, awmyo, momavali, saerTa- 

Soriso simpoziumi, red: m. CxartiSvili, l. mirianaSvili, moxsenebaTa 

mokle Sinaarsebi, Tb.: 2000. 

qurcikiZe 1964: qurcikiZe c. `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s teqstisa da 

enis sakiTxebi. filologiuri Ziebani, I, 1964. 

qurcikiZe 1967: qurcikiZe c. `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ metafrasuli redaqciis 

wyaros sakiTxisaTvis. saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis moambe, 

XLVI, № # #1, 1967. 

yubaneiSvili 1940: yubaneiSvili s. `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s WeliSuri 

redaqcia. Tsu Sromebi, t XII, 1940. 

Satberdis krebuli 1979: Satberdis krebuli X saukunisa. gamosacemad 

moamzada b. gigineiSvilma da e. giunaSvilma. Tb.: 1979. 

CxartiSvili 1978: CxartiSvili m. `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ protoWeli- 

Suri redaqcia metafrasuli redaqciis wyaro. saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa 

akademiis macne, istoriis seria, № #4, 1978. 

CxartiSvili 1980a: CxartiSvili m., `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ mcire da vrceli 

redaqciebi. saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis macne, istoriis 

seria, #№ 1, Tb.: 1980. 

CxartiSvili 1980b: CxartiSvili m. metafrasuli `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ 

`qarTlis cxovrebiseuli~ redaqciis Sesaxeb. saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa 


CxartiSvili 1987a: CxartiSvili m. qarTuli hagiografiis wyaroTmcodneobiTi 

Seswavlis problemebi `cxovrebaÁ wmidisa ninoÁsi~, 


35

CxartiSvili 1987b: CxartiSvili m. `ninos cxovrebis~ vrceli redaqciis 

atribucia. mnaTobi, #№ 5, 1987. 

CxartiSvili 1989: Чхартишвили М. С., Обрашение Грузии. Перевод с древне- 

грузинского Е.С.Tакаишвили. Tакаишвили. акаишвили. Редакционная обработка, исследование и коммента- коммента- 

рии М.С. Чхартишвили. Тб.: Издательство “Мецниереба”, 1989. 

CxartiSvili 1990: CxartiSvili m. `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ erTi anaqronizmis 

Sesaxeb. mnaTobi, № #9, Tb.: 1990. 

CxartiSvili 1998: CxartiSvili m. nuTu ucxo enaze Seiqmna qarTvel- 

Ta ganmanaTleblis `wm. ninos cxovreba~?! saliteraturo gazeTi, #№ 10, 

1998. 

CxartiSvili 1999: CxartiSvili m. qrTvelTa moqceva da axali erovnuli 

ideologia. mesxeTi, III, Tbilisi-axalcixe: 1999. 

CxartiSvili 2002: CxartiSvili m. qarTvelTa moqcevis istoria eTnikurobis 

kvlevis problematikis TvalTaxedviT. eTnikuroba da nacionalizmi, 

saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiasTan arsebuli institut- 

TaSoriso seminaris masalebi, I, Tb.: 2002. 

cxadaZe 1956: cxadaZe q. ucnobi avtoris `ninos cxovreba~. saiubileo 

krebuli miZRvnili k. kekeliZis me-80 wlisTavisadmi, Tb.: Tsu-s 

gamomcemloba, 1956. 

wulaia 1979: Цулая Г.В. “Житие св. Нины” как источник по истории народов 

кавказа. saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis macne, istoriis seria, № #3, 

1979. 

Zeglebi 1963: Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, 

I (V_X s.s.). dasabeWdad moamzades il. abulaZem, n. aTaneliSvilma, n. goguaZem, 

c. Wankievma da c. jRamaiam, il. abulaZis xelmZRvanelobiTa da 

redaqciiT, Tb.: gamomcemloba `mecniereba~, 1963. 


IV (svinaqsaruli redaqciebi (XI-XVIIIs.s.), gamosacemad moamzada da gamokvleva 

daurTo e. gabiZaSvilma, il. abulaZis xelmZRvanelobiT da redaqciiT, 



III (XI_XIIIs.s. metafrasuli redaqciebi), dasabeWdad moamzades e. gabi- 

ZaSvilma, n. goguaZem, m. dolaqiZem, g. kiknaZem da c. qurcikiZem, il. abulaZis 

xelmZRvanelobiTa da redaqciiT, Tb.: gamomcemloba `mecniereba~, 

1971. 

36 

xaxanaSvili 1893: Хаханов А.С.., .С.., С.., .., Источники по попо по введению введению введениювведениюхристианствахристианства христианства христианства в в в в Гру- Гру- Гру- Гру- Гру- Гру- Гру- Гру- Гру- 

зии, М.: 1893. 

xoStaria-brose 1991: xoStaria-brose e. leonti mrovelis wyaroebis 

da `qarTlis cxovrebis~ dasawyisi ciklis Sedgenilobis sakiTxisaTvis. 

mravalTavi, XVI, Tb.: 1991. 

xoStaria-brose 1996: xoStaria-brose e. VII s. matiane da misi kvali 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁsa~ da `qarTlis cxovrebaSi~. _ misive wignSi: leonti 

mroveli da `qarTlis cxovreba~. Tb.: gamomcemloba `mecniereba~, 

1996. 

xoStaria-brose 2001: xoStaria-brose e. kvlav VIIs. matianis Sesaxeb. 

mravalTavi, XIX, Tb.: 2001.

javaxiSvili 1977: javaxiSvili i. istoriis mizani, wyaroebi da meTodebi 

winaT da exla. wigni I, Zveli qarTuli saistorio mwerloba (meoTxe 

gamocema), Tb.: wera-kiTxvis gamavrcelebeli sazogadoebis gamomcemloba, 

1977. 

javaxiSvili 1900: javaxiSvili i. andria mociqulisa da wm. ninos moRvaweoba 

saqarTveloSi. saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis moambe, V, 

ganyofileba II., Tb.: 1900. 

janaSia 1940: janaSia s. fsevdo-arseni. saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa 

akademiis moambe, t. I, Zeglebi, № #6, 1940. 

jafariZe 1996: jafariZe a. qarTlis moqcevis wyaroebi,. misive wign- 

Si: saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria, I, Tb.: gamomcemloba `merani~ 

1996. 

Ketevan Mania 

From the History of Investigation of Moktsevay Kartlisay 

(Conversion of Georgia): Source Study Perspective 

Summary 

Analisis of Moktsevay Kartlisay From source study perspective is 

one of the most urgent issues of Kartvelology. Study of the mentioned 

monument always deserved peculiar interest of the specialists and 

this is true for the present date as well. esearches were carried out 

simultaneously in several directions: there were paid much attention to 

text criticism, dating and attribution of the writing, interrelations between 

different wordings. Since the 1980s, investigation of the monument takes 

an intensive character. Methods of investigation have become more 

sophisticated and theoretical ground has been partially remodeled; new 

interpretations have been proposed. Though there still exists disagreement 

concerning the particular issues, the great informative value and importance 

of Moktsevay Kartlisay do not raise doubt any more: reserchers consider 

this monument of medieval of Georgien historiography as an authentic 

historical source. 

37

malxaz kobiaSvili 

38 

wm. andria saqarTveloSi 

im mravalricxovan werilobiT da zepir gadmocemaTa 

Soris, romlebic kacobriobas adreqristianul xanaSi 

Seuqmnia, Cvens yuradRebas ipyrobs erTi sakmaod Zveli 

uwyeba, romlis mixedviTac qristianobis pirvelmqadageblad 

qarTvelTa Soris miCneulia qristes mociquli andria 

pirvelwodebuli. 

rogorc irkveva, uZvelesi droidanve berZnul mwerlobaSi 

daculi yofila cnoba andria pirvelwodebulis, 

anu mociqulis qadagebis Sesaxeb saqarTveloSi pirvelsave 

saukuneSi. es cnoba ikiTxeba agreTve bizantiuri 

xanis saeklesio Tu istoriuli xasiaTis mwerlobis ZeglebSi. 

gadmocemaTa mixedviT, andria mociquli qadagebda 

skviTiaSi, saberZneTsa da mcire aziis teritoriaze 

mdebare qveynebSi. skviTias Zveli istorikosebi vrcel 

geografiul areals uwodebdnen, romelic amierkavkasiaSi 

mdebare qveynebsac moicavda. amitom, rodesac isini gvawvdian 

cnobas andria mociqulis misioneruli moRvaweobis 

Sesaxeb skviTiis qveynebSi, aq albaT uTuod unda igulisxmebodes 

saqarTveloc. 

gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eniWeba II-III saukuneebis 

moRvawis _ origenis cnobas andria mociqulis mier skvi- 

TiaSi qristianuli moZRvrebis qadagebis Sesaxeb, radgan 

swored es gaxda safuZveli momdevno xanis istorikosebisa 

da mwerlebisaTvis, skviTia mieCniaT andria pirvelwodebulis 

wilxvedr qveynad misioneruli moRvaweobisaTvis. 

prokopi da evsevi kesarielebic amave Sinaarsis Semcvel 

cnobas gadmogvcemen. origenis azri SeiZleba ise gavigoT, 

rom andriam saqarTvelosa da mis mimdebare qveyneb- 

Si iqadaga. andrias saqarTveloSi moRvaweobas axseneben 

agreTve ipolite romaeli, sofron ierusalimeli, doro- 

Te tvireli, epifane kvipreli. sagulisxmoa is faqtic, 

rom andrias garda, saistorio wyaroebi adastureben sxva 

mociqulTa, kerZod, barTlomes, mataTas, simon kananelis, 

Tomas qadagebasa da misionerul moRvaweobas saqarTvelos 

sxvadasxva kuTxeSi.

ogorc Cans, mociqulTa moRvaweobis Sesaxeb sakmaod 

mdidari da mravalferovani literatura arsebula, 

romelTa mxolod mcireodeni nawili SemogvrCa. Zvel TxzulebebSi 

daculi cnobebi gadasula bizantiuri periodis 

sqolastikuri literaturis ZeglebSi. amitom didi 

mniSvneloba eniWeba VIII-X saukuneebSi wm. andria pirvelwodebulis 

Sesaxeb Seqmnil apokriful-hagiografiuli 

xasiaTis Txzulebebs, romelTa avtorebi yvela arcaa 

cnobili Tu dazustebuli. andrias Sesaxeb Cvenamde Semonaxula 

mravali berZnuli da laTinurenovani nawarmoebi, 

kerZod, epifane monazonisa, nikita paflagonelisa da sxva 

avtorebisa (`bhg~, I, 29-33). cnoba wm. andria pirvelwodebulis 

misioneruli moRvaweobis Sesaxeb daucavT XI-XIII 

saukuneebis qarTvel avtorTa Txzulebebsac. 

bunebrivia, TavisTavad daismis kiTxva _ vin iyo andria 

mociquli, ra roli Seasrula man qarTvelTa gaqristianebis 

saqmeSi da ramdenad sarwmunoa misi moRvaweoba saqarTveloSi? 

bibliuri tradiciiT, andria qristes pirvel mowafed 

iTvleba. man daumowafa qristes Tavisi Zma simoni, Semdgom- 

Si petred wodebuli, romelsac Tavis ganmanaTleblad miiCnevda 

antioqiis sapatriarqo. samecniero literatura- 

Si arsebobs ori urTierTsapirispiro Sexeduleba: erTi 

uaryofs andrias wvlils qarTvelTa moqcevis saqmeSi, 

xolo meore mas sarwmunod miiCnevs. orive mosazrebis avtorebi 

gvaZleven bizantiuri da qarTuli wyaroebis kritikul 

analizs TavTavianTi poziciebidan. 

dReisaTvis, Cvens mecnierebaSi gavrcelebuli azriT, 

cnoba andria mociqulis saqarTveloSi moRvaweobis Sesaxeb 

berZnul mwerlobaSi IX saukunis meore naxevarSi Cndeba 

da saqarTveloSic aqedanaa Semosuli X-XI saukuneebSi. 

ufro zustad: VIII-IX saukuneebis bizantiur mwerlobaSi 

andria mociquli pontos mqadageblad aris dasaxelebuli, 

xolo pirveli cnobebi misi saqarTveloSi moRvaweobis 

Sesaxeb epifane monazonsa (VIII s. II nax. IX s. I nax.) da nikita 

paflagonels (gard. daaxl. 890 wlis axlo xanebSi) moepovebaT. 

maT TxzulebebSi andrias wilxvdomilad CrdiloeTia 

aRniSnuli da TviT igi iberTa da savromatebis, tavrebisa 

39

da skviTebis ganmanaTleblad iwodeba; xolo am wyaroebze 

dayrdnobiT qarTul ZeglebSi pirveli cnoba andrias 

saqarTveloSi moRvaweobis Sesaxeb XI saukunis II naxevarSi 

Cndeba (enciklopedia 1975: 448; miTebi 1987: 80). vfiqrobT, 

aq naTqvams ufro meti dazusteba sWirdeba, ramdenadac 

sakiTxs andria pirvel wodebulis misioneruli moRvaweobis 

Sesaxeb saqarTveloSi didi xnis istoria aqvs, xolo 

dReisaTvis aRniSnuli problemis Seswavla da gaanalizeba 

moiTxovs am mecnierul monapovarTa gaTvaliswinebasac. 

jer kidev 1843 wels pl. ioseliani Tavis vrcel gamokvlevaSi, 

romelic saqarTvelos saeklesio istorias Seexeboda, 

`qarTlis cxovrebasa~ da sxva wyaroebSi arsebuli 

cnobebis safuZvelze askvnida: `…faqtia, rom andria mociquli 

iyo iveriaSi da iqadaga qristianoba; amaSi Cven 

gvarwmunebs qarTul matianeTa uZvelesi gadmocemebi, 

romlebic cnobili iyo jer kidev nino ganmanaTleblis 

sicocxleSive, agreTve 30 noembris dRis svinaqsaruli 

sakiTxavebi, sadac weren, rom andria mociquli iyo alanebTan, 

abazgebTan anu afxazebTan da sxva xalxebTan…~ 

(ioseliani 1843: 2-3, Sen. .3). es TavisTavad metad sayurad- 

Rebo cnoba, samwuxarod, ar aris gamyarebuli XI saukuneze 

ufro adrindeli romelime qarTuli istoriuli sabuTiT, 

Tumca, iqve pl. ioseliani miuTiTebs IV sauk. berZeni 

saeklesio moRvawis, sofronis cnobaze imis Sesaxeb, rom 

andriam iqadaga did sebastopolisSi (dioskuria), romlis 

maxlobladac zRvas uerTdeba mdinare afsari (ioseliani1843: 

2-3, Sen. .3.). 

`qarTlis cxovrebasa~ da im droisaTvis arsebul legenda-gadmocemebze 

aqvs agebuli Teimuraz batoniSvils 

Tavis ìveriis istoriaSi~ is nawili, romelic uSualod 

Seexeba andria mociqulisa da simon kananelis mosvlasa da 

qristes saxarebis qadagebas saqarTvelos teritoriaze 

(BbatoniSvili 1848: 141-147). 

sruliad utyuar da sarwmuno faqtad miiCnevs dim. 

baqraZe andria mociqulis qadagebas saqarTveloSi. misTvis, 

rogorc Cans, kargad aris cnobili rogorc `qarTlis 

cxovrebaSi~ gadmocemuli andrias misioneruli moRvaweobis 

amsaxveli ambebi, ise Zvel berZen istorikosTa: ori- 

40

genis, ipolite romaelis, doroTe tirelis, sofronis, 

nikita paflagonelisa da sxvaTa TxzulebebSi Semonaxuli 

cnobebi (baqraZe 1889: 107-109). d. baqraZe imowmebs agreTve 

rusi mogzaur-istorikosis, m. selezniovisa da makari arqimandritis 

Sromebsac, romlebSic uSualod vxvdebiT 

andria mociqulis misionerul moRvaweobasTan dakavSirebul 

metad sayuradRebo cnobebs (selezniovi 1847: 184.). 

aseve sarwmunod aris miCneuli da ukritikod gaziarebuli 

andrias mier qarTvelTa moqcevis faqti m. broses `saqarTvelos 

istoriaSi~ (brose 1895: 37, 38, 39). 

andria pirvelwodebulis misionerul moRvaweobasTan 

dakavSirebul sakiTxebs ganixilavs Tavis `qarTuli eklesiis 

istoriaSi~ gobron (mixeil) sabinini (sabinini 1877: 

11 da Semdeg).es ukanaskneli ZiriTadad emyareba uZveles 

xelnawerebs, romlebic inaxeboda gelaTisa da daviT 

garejis wignTsacavebSi. es xelnawerebi Seicaven andrias 

`mimoslvis~ efvTime aToneliseul Targmans, romelTagan 

erTi, kerZod gelaTuri, gamosca kidec sabininma 1882 

wels `saqarTvelos samoTxeSi~. amas garda, m. sabinini icnobs 

`qarTlis cxovrebasa~ da Teimuraz batoniSvilis 

ìstoriaSi~ arsebul gadmocemebsac. mkvlevari aRniSnavs 

agreTve sparsul enaze arsebul, im droisaTvis kargad 

Semonaxul andrias `cxovrebasac~, romelic qarTvelTa 

mefis, giorgi XIII-is `mflobelobaSi~ imyofeboda, xolo 

mogvianebiT is memkvidreobiT miuRia bagrat ufliswuls 

(sabinini 1895: 12, Sen. 1). m.sabinini iqve aRniSnavs, rom 

sparsul enaze Semonaxuli es `cxovreba~ Tavisi SinaarsiT 

TiTqmis zustad emTxveva qarTul `mimoslvas~, Tumca 

sparsul redaqciaSi, rogorc Cans, didi adgili eTmoba 

meorexarisxovan ambavTa gadmocemasa da aRweras (sabinini 

1895: 12, Sen. 1). zemoCamoTvlilis garda, m. sabininis ìstoriaSi~ 

vxvdebiT agreTve im ucxoel avtorTa CamonaTvals, 

romelTa cnobebsac imeorebs mogvianebiT qarTuli 

matiane. es avtorebi arian: origeni da evsevi kesarieli, 

doroTe tireli, sofroni, nikifore kalisti, epifane 

konstantinopoleli, nikita paflagoneli da sxv. 

sakiTxs andria pirvelwodebulis misioneruli moRvaweobis 

Sesaxeb saqarTveloSi SemdgomSic araerTi mkvle- 

41

vari Sexebia, magram SedarebiT srulad, mecnierul-kritikuli 

TvalsazrisiT igi Seiswavles da ikvlies iv. javaxiSvilma, 

m. janaSvilma, m.TamaraSvilma, v. vasilevskim, k. 

kekeliZem, s. petrovskim, fr. dvornikma, magram, miuxedavad 

amisa, rogorc qvemoT davrwmundebiT, aRniSnuli sakiTxi 

kidev ufro Rrma Seswavlasa da kvlevas mainc saWiroebs, 

radganac uSualod Txzulebis, e.i. andria mociqulis 

`mimoslvaTa~ berZnul-qarTuli teqstebis Sedarebam, 

qarTuli Targmanis teqstis kritikulad dadgenam, arsebuli 

samecniero masalisa da mosazrebebis gadasinjvadazustebam 

da xelaxalma Semowmebam siaxle gamoavlina da 

samecniero literaturaSi dRemde damkvidrebuli Tvalsazrisis 

sapirispiro daskvnebamde migviyvana. 

1900 wels akad. iv. javaxiSvilma gamoaqveyna narkvevi, 

romelic Seexeboda andria mociqulisa da wminda ninos misioneruli 

moRvaweobis sakiTxs saqarTveloSi. CvenTvis 

amjerad sainteresoa aRniSnuli narkvevis meore nawili 

(javaxiSvili 1900: 35-50), romelSic avtori uaryofs andrias 

qadagebas qarTvelTa Soris da TviTon faqts wminda 

wylis legendad miiCnevs. aq Cven dawvrilebiT SevCerdebiT 

iv. javaxiSvilis ZiriTad debulebebze. 

misi azriT, im mkvlevarTa Soris, romlebic sarwmunod 

Tvlian wm. andrias qadagebas saqarTvelos teritoriaze, 

erTgvarad sayuradRebo unda iyos mxolod pl. ioselianis 

cnoba, TiTqos `Zveli Tqmuleba~ andrias saqarTveloSi 

qadagebis Sesaxeb wminda ninos drosve icodnen qarTvelebma, 

miuxedavad imisa, rom pl. ioselians ar mohyavs is sabu- 

Ti, saidanac es cnoba amouRia. iv. javaxiSvili fiqrobs, 

rom pl. ioselianis daskvna damyarebuli unda iyos `qarTlis 

cxovrebaze~, sadac ninos `cxovrebas~ win uZRvis andria 

mociqulis `mimoslva~. àm garemoebidan, rasakvirvelia, 

ar SeiZleba is daskvna gamovitanoT, viTomc wmida 

ninos Tanamedroveebs andrias mimosvlis Tqmuleba scodnodeT, 

samagierod istoriuli mosazreba, romelsac Cven 

qvemoT moviyvanT, mgoni winaaRmdegs unda gveubnebodes~ 

(javaxiSvili 1900: 36), _ wers iv. javaxiSvili da amis sabuTad 

imowmebs eqvTime TayaiSvilis mier gamocemuli 

ninos `cxovrebis~ àxal variants~, romelsac iv. javaxiS- 

42

vili Satberdiseul `cxovre bas~ uwodebs da mas igi fsevdoepigrafiuli 

mwerlobis Zeglad miaCnevs (javaxiSvili 

1900: 36). Sesaval nawilSi moTxrobilia ambavi, Tu rogor 

esaubrebodnen wminda mqadagebels, ninos, misi mowafeebi 

da TanamoRvaweni: èse ra gviswavies Sen mier, viTarmed 

yofil arian winawarmetyuÀlni pirvelad moslvamde misa 

RuTisa quÀyanad. da mere mociqulni aTormetni da kualad 

sameocdaaTormetni da CuÀnda aravin moavlina Rmer- 

Tman, garna Sen~ (javaxiSvili: 1900: 36. TayaiSvili 1891: 

2). aqedan gamomdinare, i. javaxiSvili miiCnevda, rom ès 

winadadeba SeeZlo eTqva an SeeTxza mxolod imas, romelmac 

araferi icoda andrias saqarTveloSi mimoslvisa da 

qadagebis Se-saxeb~ (javaxiSvili 1900: 36). xolo ramdenadac 

i. javaxiSvili Tvlis, rom Satberdiseuli `ninos cxovrebis~ 

winasit-yvaoba yalbia da Semdeg damatebuli, 

amdenad ès nawyveti gviCvenebs mxolod, rom roca Satberdiseuli 

cxovrebis Sesavali iwereboda, ese igi VIII-IX 

sauk. ganaTlebul qarTvelebs andrias saqarTveloSi mimosvlis 

Tqmuleba ar scodniaT” (javaxiSvili 1900: 36). 

aqve iv. javaxiSvili svams kiTxvas imis Sesaxeb, icodnen Tu 

ara Cvenma winaprebma IX saukunemde es Tqmuleba da aRniSnavs 

bizantieli istorikosis, rufinusis (IV s.) saeklesio 

istorias, romelSic istorikosi gadmoscems qarTveli 

mefis Zis, bakuris mier naambobs qarTvelebis gaqristianebis 

Sesaxeb, magram andrias is ar ixseniebs. javaxiSvilis 

TqmiT, bakurs rom ga-daeca rufinusisaTvis cnobebi andrias 

qadagebis Sesaxeb, es ukanaskneli usaTuod aRniSnavda 

da istoriaSi Seitandao (javaxiSvili 1900 37). garda 

amisa, àrc petre maiumelma, qarTveli mefis Zem, arc misma 

mowafem, petres cxovrebis damwerma, ician ram andriaze. 

am maiumeli episkoposis cxovrebaSi moxsenebulia mxolod 

saqarTvelos moqceva mefe bakuris, petres papis 

dros. Zneli dasajerebelia, rom andriaze saqarTveloSi 

Tqmuleba yofiliyo da es Tqmuleba ar scodnodes petre 

maiumel episkopozs. imisi cxovrebis avtorsac rom scodnoda, 

is Seitanda Tavis nawerSi am ambavs… `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁmac~, 

Cvenma uZvelesma saistorio matianem, ara icis 

ra andrias saqarTveloSi mimosvlisa da qadagebis Sesa- 

43

xeb… ...es matiane Sedgenilia, rogorc sxva mkvlevarnic 

fiqroben, VII-VIII sauk. maSasadame, IV saukuneSi (bakuri-rufini), 

V-VI sauk. (petre maium. _ petres cxovrebis avtori), 

VII-VIII da VIII-IX sauk. Cvenma winaprebma andrias mimosvlaze 

saqarTveloSi da qadagebaze ara icodnen ra~ (javaxiSvili 

1900: 37-38). 

amgvarad, iv. javaxiSvilis daskvniT, qarTvelebma 

IX saukunemde araferi icodnen andria pirvelwodebulis 

qadagebis Sesaxeb saqarTveloSi da mxolod im davam, 

romelic qarTvel berebs hqondaT berZenTa samRvdeloebasTan 

saqarTvelos eklesiis damoukideblobis Sesa nar- 

Cuneblad, dabada azri imis Sesaxeb, rom qristianobis gasavrceleblad 

saqarTveloSi imogzaura qristes mowafem 

andria pirvelwodebulma (javaxiSvili: 1900: 41, 42, 43, 44). 

e.i. ìberiaSi andrias qadagebis ambavi qarTvelebma ar icodnen 

da es Tqmuleba bizantiidan Semoitanes qarTvelma berebma 

samSobloSi da gaavrceles~ (javaxiSvili: 1900: 45). 

Semdeg iv. javaxiSvili ganixilavs im bizantiel mweral- 

Ta cnobebs, romelTa TxzulebebSic laparakia andrias 

mimosvlaze da mohyavs origenis (II-III ss.) cnoba, romlis 

mixedviTac, `rodesac Cveni macxovris wminda mociqulebi 

da mowafeebi mTel msoflioSi gaifantnen, Tomas, rogorc 

gadmocema gviambobs, wilad xvda parTia, andrias skviTia, 

ioanes azia… [xolo] petrem uqadaga pontoSi, galatiaSi, 

biTviniaSi, kapadokiasa da aziaSi...~ (javaxiSvili: 1900: 45). 

am cnobis safuZvelze iv. javaxiSvili askvnis: `maSasadame, 

uZvelesi cnobis Tanaxmad andrias mxolod skviTia- 

Si uqadagnia, ponti ki petres xvedri iyo, ese igi yvela is 

adgilebi, romelnic saqarTveloze daaxlovebulni arian, 

petres moRvaweobis asparezad iTvleboda da ara andriasi 

… mxolod dosiTeosis katalogSi, romelic prof. vasilevskis 

azriT, meeqvse saukunis karga xnis Semdeg unda 

iyos dawerili, TiTqos Zmebi mociqulebi TavianT xvedrs 

scvlian da andria biTiniaSi pontSi, TrakiaSi hqadagebs~ 

(javaxiSvili: 1900: 45, 46). aqve ganixilavs javaxiSvili konstantinepoleli 

beris, epifanes (VIII-IX sauk.) Txzulebis 

im adgils, sadac laparakia imis Sesaxeb, rom epifanem Tvi- 

Ton imogzaura andrias wilxvdomil adgilebSi da Sekriba 

44

adgilobriv mcxovrebTa Tqmuleba-gadmocemebi andrias 

Sesaxeb. `magram, rogorc Cans~, _ wers i. javaxiSvili, `Savi 

zRvis aRmosavleT napirebze ar yofila, Torem Cveulebisamebr 

moixseniebda, rom ama da am adgilas Cvenc viyaviT 

da Cvenis TvaliT vnaxeT, rogorc magaliTad: `da movida 

(andria) bosfor qalaqsa, romelic pontos imier mdebareobs, 

sadamdis Cvenc migviRwevia~ (javaxiSvili 1900: 45-46) 

èpifane mogviTxrobs~, _ ganagrZobs mkvlevari _ `rom 

mas simon mociqulis luskuma uCvenes, simon kananelis 

nikopsis luskumaze ki rom laparakobs, ar umatebs, rom man 

TviTon naxa es wminda adgili. epifane kiprels da danarCen 

mermindel mwerlebs erTi TvalsaCino Secdoma mosdiT: 

imaTis sityviT gamodis, rom simoni organ iyo dasaflavebuli 

_ bosforSi da nikofsSi. Tumca TviT epifane ar 

ambobs, saxeldobr, vin unda iyos simon mociquli, magram 

metafrasti gvixsnis, rom igi simon moSurne ariso. am axsnas 

araviTari mniSvneloba ara aqvs, jer imitom, rom simon 

kananeli, rogorc Cans, uZvelesi mimosvlis simon-petres 

magier aris moyvanili, mere imitom, rom... simon moSurne 

da kananeli erTi da igive mociquli iyo. mag. laTinur `Breviarum 

Apostolorum~-Si `simon moSurne anu kananeli~; esevea 

`de vita et obitu sanctorum~-Si da im qronikaSi, romelic simon 

logoTetis nawerad iTvleba~ (javaxiSvili 1900: 45-46). 

yovelive aq ganxilulisa da sxva danarCen mizezTa gamo, 

romelTa aq motanac Zalze Sors wagviyvanda, iv. javaxiSvilis 

saboloo daskvna andria pirvelwodebulis misionerul 

moRvaweobasTan dakavSirebiT saqarTvelosa da 

kavkasiis teritoriaze amgvarad SeiZleba Camoyalibdes: 

ìs garemoeba, rom uZvelesi bizantieli da laTinTa 

saeklesio mwerlebi (origeni, evxeri) andrias pontoSi 

qadagebis Sesaxeb aras amboben, pavles epistoleebsa da 

`saqme mociqulTa~-Si krintic ar aris daZruli pirvelwodebul 

andrias qadagebriv moRvaweobaze, radgan TviT 

`mimosvlis~ Sinaarss zRapruli xasiaTi aqvs da araks ufro 

moagonebs kacs... dasasrul, is garemoeba, rom arc TviT 

saqarTveloSi icodnen VIII-IX saukunemde andrias iberiaSi 

mimosvlis Sesaxeb, uflebas gvaZlevs vTqvaT, rom andria 

pirvel wodebuli arc rodis ar yofila kavkasiaSi sazoga- 

45

dod da kerZod saqarTveloSi, rom andrias mimosvla da 

qadageba iveriaSi mxolod Tqmulebaa, iseTi Tqmuleba, 

romelsac istoriisaTvis araviTari mniSvneloba ara aqvs~ 

(javaxiSvili 1900: 47-48). 

SemdgomSi, rodesac `qarTveli eris istoria~ daiwera 

(aq da yvela sxva danarCen SemTxvevaSi vimowmebT `qarTveli 

eris istoriis~ I tomis 1960 wlis gamocemas) iv. javaxiSvils 

Tavisi SexedulebebisaTvis ar uRalatnia da mcireodeni 

gamonaklisis garda, igi kvlav darCa im poziciis 

erTguli, romelsac ganxilul narkvevSi vxvdebiT, miuxedavad 

imisa, rom mis Sexedulebebs ramdenime mkacri oponentic 

ki gamouCnda. 

zemoxsenebul `mkacr~ oponentTa Soris, pirvel rig- 

Si cnobili qarTveli mkvlevari m. janaSvili unda davasaxeloT. 

am ukanasknelma adre, sanam iv. javaxiSvilis zemoganxiluli 

narkvevi gamoqveyndeboda, jer 1886 wels 

qarTul, xolo Semdeg (1898 w.) rusul enaze gamosca wigni, 

romelic qarTuli eklesiis istorias Seexeboda (janaSvili 

1886; janaSvili 1898: 5-12 da Semdeg). aq man andria 

mociqulis Sesaxeb im droisaTvis arsebul TiTqmis yvela 

qarTul masalas mouyara Tavi (mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs 

`qarTlis cxovrebaSi~ arsebuli moTxroba da XI-XII ssebis 

qarTuli xelnawerebi), Tumca, unda aRiniSnos, rom 

gamokvleva polemikuri xasiaTis ar yofila. aqve davsZenT, 

rom rusuli gamocema, qarTulTan SedarebiT, ufro mecnierul 

xasiaTs atarebda. 

1909 wels m. janaSvilma krebulSi `qarTuli mwerloba~ 

(janaSvili 1909: 102-108) gamoaqveyna werili saTauriT 

`skviTiaSi myofi saqarTveloSi yofila~, romelSic ar 

eTanxmeba iv.javaxiSvils im ZiriTad daskvnebSi, rome-lic 

mas aqvs gamoTqmuli Tavis narkvevSi (janaSvili 1909: 104) 

erTgvarad sayuradRebod unda CaiTvalos m. janaSvilis 

mier gamoTqmuli SeniSvnebi saxelwodeba `skviTis~ 

Sesa-xeb. ai, ras wers amis Sesaxeb mkvlevari: `skviTi~ 

berZnebis SexedulobiT iseTive saxeli iyo Zvel droSi, 

viT `barbarosi~, mas SemkreblobiTi mniSvneloba hqonda. 

skviTad igini uwodebdnen kaspiis zRvis iqiTa mxaris 

xalxebsac… … sazogadod ki CrdiloeTis yvela xal- 

46

xebs da maT Soris qarTvelebsac skviTad ixseniebdnen~ 

(janaSvili 1909: 102-108; (janaSvili 1909: 104) am faqtis 

dasamtkiceblad m. janaSvili mimarTavs strabonis, apolodoris 

(Zv. w.a. II s.), kalimaqes (Zv.w.a. 260-230 ww.), ioseb 

flaviusis (ax. w. I s.) da sxvaTa cnobebs aRniSnuli terminis 

Sesaxeb. (janaSvili 1909: 104-105) am sakiTxs Cven qvemoT kidev 

erTxel davubrundebiT. 

i. javaxiSvilis argumentTa sawinaaRmdegod m. janaSvili 

asaxelebs agreTve andria mociqulis `mimoslvas~ (XI 

s.), ioane anCelis (XII-XIII ss.) `galobani anCisxatisani~-s da 

daviT da konstantine mTavrebis `cxorebas~, xolo am ukanaskneli 

Txzulebis Sesaxeb dasZens: ès wmindanebi ewamnen 

meSvide saukunis gasuls da iv. javaxiSvili ki irwmuneba IX- 

XI saukunemdis ar icodnen (qarTvelebma _ m.k.) andrias mogzaurobis 

ambavio! (janaSvili 1909: 105). mkvlevars aq mxedvelobaSi 

aqvs `cxorebis~ is adgili, sadac naTqvamia: `… 

viTarca gviswavies ese ZuelTa uwyebaTagan, iyvnes wmidani 

ese mowameni daviT da konstantine qarTvelni, sanaxebisagan 

argueTisa, didni da didebulni tomobiT da mTavarni 

amis queyanisani da... iyvnes ganaTlebul embaziTa qadagebulisa 

andria da simon kananelisaÁTa, rameTu maT uqadages 

qriste qarTvelTa Soris, pirvelad ninos moslvisa…~ 

(yubaneiSvili 1946: 234-235). marTalia, dRes cnobilia is 

garemoeba, rom daviT da konstantine mTavrebi VII saukuneSi 

ewamnen sarwmunoebisaTvis, magram XII saukuneze ufro 

adrindeli werilobiTi wyaro am faqtis Sesaxeb Cven ar 

mogvepoveba, ris gamoc m. janaSvilis `kontrargumenti~ 

sarwmunod ver CaiTvleba. 

amgvarad, rogorc vxedavT, m. janaSvilma ver daarRvia 

is ZiriTadi argumentebi, romliTac iv. javaxiSvili 

uaryofda andria pirvelwodebulis misionerul moRvaweobas 

saqarTveloSi, Tu mxedvelobaSi ar miviRebT zogierT 

mcire gamonakliss (mag. termini `skviTi"). 

kidev erTi mkvlevari, romelmac ar gaiziara iv. javaxiSvilis 

Sexedulebani sacilobeli sakiTxis garSemo, aris 

miq. TamaraSvili. man 1910 wels, romSi gamosca sakmaod 

didi moculobis monografia, romelic qarTuli eklesiis 

istorias Seexeboda dasabamidan, vidre XIX saukunemde 

47

(TamaraTi 1910; TamaraSvili 1995: 154-169). am monografiis 

V Tavi mTlianad andria pirvelwodebulis saqarTveloSi 

moRvaweobis sakiTxs eTmoba. 

pirvel rigSi m. TamaraSvili gadmoscems andria pirvelwodebulis 

im `mimoslvis~ mokle Sinaarss, romelic Cvens 

uZveles matianes, `qarTlis cxovrebas~ Semounaxavs (TamaraSvili 

1995: 155-160). mkvlevars wminda wylis legendad 

miaCnia faqti RvTismSoblis misiis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos 

mimarT, `vinaidan arcerTi berZeni Tu laTini mwerali 

qarTuli tradiciuli Tqmulebebis garda _ ar laparakobs 

wm. qalwulis misiaze qarTlis moqcevis Sesaxeb~, 

xolo rac Seexeba andria mociqulis saqarTveloSi moRvaweobas, 

es faqti sruliad sarwmunod miaCnia mas (TamaraSvili 

1995: 160, 161). 

Semdeg m. TamaraSvili mokled ganixilavs i. javaxiSvilis 

im ZiriTad argumentebs, romelTa Sesaxebac Cven 

zemoT gvqonda saubari (TamaraSvili 1995: 155-165). is ar 

eTanxmeba javaxiSvilis debulebebs da mohyavs sawinaaRmdego 

argumentebi: 

1) marTalia, rufinusis istoriaSi araferi ar aris 

naTqvami andria mociqulis qadagebis Sesaxeb, magram unda 

aRvniSnoT, rom am moTxrobaSi saubari exeba qristianobis 

saboloo, sazogado damkvidrebas qarTvelTa Soris. marTlacda, 

rufinuss bakurma uambo papamisisa da mis TanamemamuleTa 

moqcevis Sesaxeb ninos mier, magram ar Sexebia im 

ambebs, romelic moxda saqarTveloSi wminda ninomde da 

mis Semdeg. aravin fiqrobs imis mtkicebas, rom wminda andriam 

moaqcia mTeli qarTveli eri Tavis mefianad da sabolood 

daamkvidra qristianoba qarTvelTa Soris. cxadia, 

im mokle moTxrobas, romelic bakurma uambo rufinuss, 

araviTari kavSiri ara aqvs wminda andrias qadagebasTan 

saqarTveloSi da amitomac maTi dumili ar gvaZlevs imis 

uflebas, rom uarvyoT igi. 

2) petre iberis cxovrebas (Tanac apokrifuls) ara aqvs 

pirdapiri kavSiri wminda andrias misiasTan. iq saubaria 

saqarTvelos moqcevaze, magram aqac, iseve rogorc rufinusis 

istoriaSi, saqme exeba qarTvelTa mTlian da sazogado 

moqcevas. maSasadame, aqedanac verafers davaskvniT an- 

48

drias qadagebis Sesaxeb. 

3) yvelaze ufro Zlieri sabuTi, romelsac i. javaxiSvili 

eyrdnoba, amoRebulia `qarTlis moqcevidan~. es axlaxan 

aRmoCenili xelnaweri Seicavs mxolod 14 gverds da 

warmoadgens qronikas, romelic iwyeba aleqsandre didis 

(makedonelis _ m.k.) droidan da aRwevs IX saukunemde. xelnawers 

aklia erTi gverdi, saxeldobr is, romelSiac unda 

yofiliyo detalebi (saqarTvelos _ m.k.) mosaxleobis 

moqcevasa da wminda kvarTze. amaze SegviZlia vimsjeloT 

imisda mixedviT, Tu razea laparaki rogorc mis win, aseve mis 

Semdeg. aqedan gamomdinare, unda vivaraudoT, rom swored 

am dakargul gverdze iyo cnobebi andrias Sesaxeb. magram 

davuSvaT, rom am gverdze araviTari xseneba ar iyo misi, 

gana es dumili gvaZlevs imis saSualebas, rom andrias mimosvla 

saqarTveloSi legendad CavTvaloT? Cven ase ar 

vfiqrobT. am qronikaSic, rogorc Cans, saqme exeba eris 

saerTo da saboloo moqcevas wm. ninos mier da ara imas, 

Tu ra moxda ninomde qristianobis qadagebis sferoSi. 

aRvniSnavT imasac, rom am mokle qronikaSi qristianobaze 

saubars iwyeben mxolod konstantine didis moqcevidan da 

naTlobidan, xolo ieso qristes mosvlis, misi wamebisa da 

mociqulTa qadagebis Sesaxeb araferia naTqvami; maSasadame, 

aqedan gamomdinare arc is unda gagvikvirdes, rom 

araferia naxsenebi andria mociqulis qadagebaze qarTvelTa 

Soris. 

4) is argumenti, romelic wminda ninos `cxovrebis~ apokriful 

Sesavals emyareba, sarwmuno da seriozul sabuTad 

ver CaiTvleba. cxadia, rom es Sesavali SeTxzulia mxolod 

wmindanis (ninos _ m.k.) sadideblad da imisaTvis, rom mxolod 

mas miaweron mTeli pativi saqarTveloSi qristianobis 

gavrcelebisa da ara imisaTvis, rom gadmoscen istoriuli 

sinamdvile. siyalbe iqneba imis Tqma, rom wm. ninos 

mosvlamde saqarTveloSi araferi ar icodnen rogorc 

winaswarmetyvelTa da mociqulTa arsebobis, aseve ieso 

qristes Sesaxeb; rom araferi vTqvaT saqarTveloSi motanil 

wminda kvarTze… …qarTvelebi didi xania icnobdnen 

TiTqmis yvela im did movlenas, romlis arenadac palestina 

iyo qceuli, im mravalricxovan ebraelTagan, rom- 

49

lebic saqarTveloSi cxovrobdnen Zv. w. VI-V saukuneebSi, 

anda (imaTgan) romlebic damkvidrdnen aq tites mier ierusalimis 

daqcevis Semdeg (70 w. qr. Semdeg)… (aq m. TamaraSvili 

miuTiTebs e. TayaiSvilis naSromze: `sami istoriuli 

xronika~, tfilisi., 1890, gv. 9) …da bolos, gana SeiZleba 

sabuTis mniSvneloba mivaniWoT im citirebul nawyvets, 

romlis Sesaxebac TviT javaxiSvilic svams kiTxvas, aris 

Tu ara es Sesavali wminda apokrifuli xasiaTisa. 

5) …davuSvaT, rom palestinis, an aTonis mTis qarTvelma 

berebma marTlac imitom miaqcies yuradReba wm. 

andrias moRvaweobas, rom daecvaT TavianTi eklesiis 

damoukidebloba berZnebisagan. am SemTxvevaSi maT maSinve 

unda daewyoT maTTvis sasargeblo sabuTebis Zebna berZen, 

an aRmosavlel mweralTa TxzulebebSi. SeeZloT gamoeyenebinaT 

dausabuTebeli, anda sagangebod SeTxzuli argumentebi? 

es xels micemda maT mowinaaRmdegeT; ...berZnebi 

xom maSinve gaarCevdnen marTals siyalbisagan. Zneli 

dasajerebelia agreTve javaxiSvilis azri imis Sesaxeb, 

TiTqos legenda andrias qadagebaze erTbaSad gavrcelebuliyos 

saqarTveloSi IX saukuneSi. es imis daSveba iqneba, 

rom CavTvaloT zemoxsenebuli berebi matyuarebad da 

qarTveli xalxi _ gulubryvilod. Cven araviTari sababi 

ara gvaqvs imis safiqreblad, rom erTni an meoreni amgvar 

Sefasebas imsaxureben… 

mokled, amgvaria is ZiriTadi argumentebi, romlebi- 

Tac m. TamaraSvili uaryofs i. javaxiSvilis mosazrebebs 

andria pirvelwodebulis misioneruli moRvaweobis Sesaxeb 

saqarTveloSi (aqve sainteresoa e. nikolaZis mosazrebebi, 

romelmac TiTqmis srulad gaiziara m. TamaraSvilis 

Sexedulebebi aRniSnul sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT, _ 

nikolaZe 1918). Tumca yvelaferi amiT rodi amoiwureba. 

Semdeg m. TamaraSvili ganixilavs im ucxoel mweralTa 

cnobebs, romlebic metnaklebad Seexebian saqarTvelosa 

da uSualod andrias misionerul moRvaweobas, magram vidre 

am wyaroebze ufro vrclad SevCerdebodeT, gvinda 

ganvixiloT Cvens samecniero literaturaSi cnobili 

kidev erTi mosazreba, romelic SemdgomSi uTuod sagulisxmo 

da angariSgasawev faqtad unda CaiTvalos. 

50

odesac akad. k. kekeliZe qarTvelTa moqcevis mTavar 

istoriul-qronologiur sakiTxebs ganixilavda (kekeli- 

Ze 1957: 252-292), is nawilobriv Seexo agreTve sakiTxs mociqulTa 

samisionero moRvaweobis Sesaxeb da uSualod 

andria pirvelwodebulis moRvaweobasTan dakavSirebul 

sakiTxebsac. kerZod, pirvel rigSi man ganixila is istoriuli 

gadmocemebi, romlebic daculia Zveli qarTuli 

mwerlobis ZeglebSi da exeba andrias moRvaweobas (giorgi 

mTawmidelis cxovreba, efrem mciris ùwyebaÁ…~, ruisurbnisis 

krebis (1105 w.) Zegliswera da arsen beriseuli 

ninos `cxovrebis~ metafrasuli redaqcia) da amgvari 

daskvna gamoitana: `…Cveni Zveli mwerlobis mowmobiT, 

saqarTveloSi qristianoba uqadagniaT mociqulebs: andrias 

da simon kananels, mataTas da barTlomes. aseTi Sexeduleba 

CvenSi meaTe-meTerTmete saukunidan damyarebula, 

xolo manamdis mas CvenSi adgili ar hqonia da arc Cvens 

winaprebs scodniaT is~ (kekeliZe 1957: 254-255). aq k. kekeliZes 

mohyavs ninos `cxovrebis~ CvenTvis ukve cnobili 

CanarTi Sesavlis is nawyveti, sadac mas TanamoRvaweni 

eubnebian: `Cuenda aravin moavlina RmerTman (mociqulTa 

Soris _ m.k.) garna Sen~ qristianobis mqadageblado. amis 

safuZvelze k.kekeliZe daaskvnis: `maSasadame, aramc Tu 

wminda ninos dros, mecxre-meaTe saukuneSiac ki, rodesac 

dawerilia zemomoyvanili sityvebi, ar icodnen, rom mociqulebma 

CvenSi iqadages qriste. es ar icis arc bakurma, 

romlisganac pirvelad gaiges bizantielebma qarTvelTa 

moqcevis ambavi; ar icis es arc petre maÁumelis asuruli 

cxovrebis avtorma, ar icis agreTve arc `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ 

avtorma. erTi sityviT, CvenSi meaTe-meTerTmete 

saukuneebamde ara scodniaT ra mociqulTa qadagebis 

Sesa-xeb saqarTveloSi. rogor da saidan Semovida mere 

aseTi rwmena CvenSi? is Semovida meaTe saukunis gasuls 

Tu meTerTmetis damdegs literaturuli gziT bizantiidan. 

eqvTime aTonelma gadmoTargmna an, ukeT rom vTqvaT, 

Seadgina aTonze `mosaÃsenebeli mimoslvaTaTÂs da qadagebaTa 

mociqulisa andreasi~, saidanac gaiges qarTvelebma 

da SeiTvises azri mociqulTa qadagebis Sesaxeb CvenSi~ 

(kekeliZe, 1957: 255). 

51

ogorc vxedavT, k. kekeliZe gansaxilvel sakiTxze Ziri- 

Tadad eyrdnoba da imeorebs iv.javaxiSvilis mosazrebas 

da Sesabamisad, misi saboloo daskvnebic amgvaria: àndria 

mociquli arasodes kavkasiaSi ar yofila… rac Seexeba sxva 

mociqulebis qadagebas CvenSi, esec simarTles ar Seefere - 

ba …~ (kekeliZe, 1957: 257) `…amitom efrem mciris da arsen 

beris azri, rom Tumca mociqulebma iqadages CvenSi qristianoba, 

magram qarTvelebma is daiviwyes da amitom saWiro 

Seiqna xelmeored mogvlineboda Cven mqadagebeli WeSmaritebisa, 

wm. nino, sinamdviles ar Seesabameba…~ (kekeliZe 

1957: 259) `…Tqmuleba mociqulTa samisionero moRvaweobis 

Sesaxeb CvenSi fexs ikidebs mxolod meaTe saukunidan~ 

(kekeliZe 1957: 259). magram aq Cven yuradReba unda mivaqcioT 

erT sagulisxmo garemoebas. k. kekeliZis zemoaRniSnuli 

narkvevi 1925 wels daiwera (amave wlis 12 dekembers 

moxsenda saistorio-saeTnografo sazogadoebis sajaro 

krebas, xolo 1926 wels `mimomxilvelis~ pirvel wignSic 

daibeWda), romelmac bevri axali da metad mniSvnelovani 

sakiTxi daayena istoriul-literaturuli TvalsazrisiT 

da unda iTqvas, rom mravali maTgani warmatebiTac iqna 

gadaWrili; odnav mogvianebiT, 1943 wels, `literaturuli 

Ziebani~-s I tomSi gamoqveynda narkvevi, romelic isev 

da isev qarTlis moqcevis sakiTxebs Seexo, magram amjerad 

_ ufro vrclad da ganxiluli iqna `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~s 

Sedgeniloba, wyaroebi da erovnuli tendenciebi~ (kekeliZe 

1957: 63-83). 

k. kekeliZem qarTlis moqcevis sakiTxi xsenebul narkvevSi 

gansxvavebulad dasva. kerZod, ratom gaxda aucilebeli 

uaryofa im Sexedulebisa, rom qarTuli eklesia wm. 

andrias mieraa dafuZnebuli. misi azriT, èWvs gareSea, 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ warmoadgens erTi qristianuli legendis 

paralels, romelSiac qarTvelTa ganmanaTleblis 

rols andria mociquli asrulebs. es aris `mosaÃsenebeli 

mimoslvaTaTÂs da qadagebaTa mociqulisa andreasi~, 

romelic ori redaqciiT mecxre saukunis damdegsaa dawerili 

berZnulad, nikita-daviT paflagonelis da mRvdelmonazonis 

epifanes mier~ (kekeliZe 1957: 81-82). mkvlevari 

imowmebs TxzulebaTa monacemebs, rogor da saqarTvelos 

52

omeli mxareebi movlo wm. andria mociqulma, gaavrcela 

qristianoba da Semdeg saberZneTis qveynebs miaSura 

saqadageblad. epifane monazonisa da nikita paflagonelis 

TxzulebaTa mixedviT, konstantinopolis sapatriarqoSi 

Semaval qveynebSic andria pirvelwodebuli iyo 

ganmanaTlebeli. misi neSti 357 wels konstantinopolSi 

gadmoasvenes. ioane oqropiri erT-erT Tavis sityvaSi 

am qalaqs `mociqulTa qalaqs~ uwodebda da mis ganmanaTleblad 

wm. andrias miiCnevda. k.kekeliZis SexedulebiT, 

ès garemoeba konstantinopolis sapatriarqos aZlevda 

sabuTs pretenziebisaTvis, Careoda andria mociqulis 

mier ganaTlebul xalxTa saeklesio cxovrebaSi. rogorc 

viciT, mTeli dasavleTi saqarTvelo marTlac am sapatriarqos 

SedgenilobaSi Sedioda TiTqmis meaTe saukunemde. 

Cans, mecxre saukuneSi, rodesac daiwera Txzuleba 

andrias samisionero mimoslvaTa Sesaxeb, am pretenziebs 

qarTuli eklesiis mimarT gansakuTrebiT mwvave xasiaTi 

miuRia~ (kekeliZe 1957: 82). rodesac daiwyo aqtiuri brZola 

qarTuli eklesiis daqvemdebarebisaTvis sxvadasxva 

qveynebis eklesiaTa mxridan, `CvenSi dabadebula survili 

da azri gabaTilebuli yofiliyo berZenTa pretenziebis 

safuZveli, saxeldobr, cnoba imis Sesaxeb, rom qarTuli 

eklesia andria mociqulis mieraa dafuZnebuli, unda uareyoT 

andrias samisionero moRvaweoba qarTvelTa Soris 

da wamoeyenebinaT sul sxva, andriasagan damoukidebeli 

misioneri, ese igi _ moqceuliyvnen ise, rogorc grigol 

parTelis Sesaxeb legendas moeqcnen” (kekeliZe 1957: 83). 

mecnieri imowmebs ninos `cxovrebaSi~ gadmocemul azrs, 

rom ninos garda, sxva aravin mosula CvenSi qristianobis 

saqadageblado. misive azriT, àm SemTxvevaSi ganmeorda 

is, rasac adgili hqonda gacilebiT adre indoeTSi. meoTxe 

saukunis pirvel naxevarSi siriul enaze daiwera Toma mociqulis 

legendur-apokrifuli àqtebi~, romlebSiac is 

gamoyvanilia rogorc indoeTis ganmanaTlebeli. amiT edesis 

siriul eklesias undoda daesabuTebina Tavisi pretenziebi 

indoeTis eklesiaSi batonobisa. am pretenziebis 

gasabaTileblad daiwera cnobili `sulTamargebeli 

romani~, romelSiac gamoZebnilia Tomasagan damoukide- 

53

eli misioneri indoeTisa varlaamisa da ioasafis saxiT~ 

(kekeliZe 1957: 83). 

yovelive zemoTqmuli Cveni saxelovani mecnieris 

ramdenadme Secvlil Tvalsazriss gvidasturebs. Cans, 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ teqstze muSaobisas mas gansxvavebuli 

Sexeduleba gamoumuSavda andria pirvelwodebulis 

saqarTveloSi qriatianobis saqadageblad mosvlis 

Sesaxeb, radgan xsenebul narkvevSi igi did mniSvnelobas 

aniWebs epifane monazonisa da nikita paflagonelis Txzulebebs 

da saerTod àqtebs~ mociqul-misionerTa Sesaxeb. 

k.kekeliZis Tvalsazrisi savsebiT gaziarebulia T. 

papuaSvilis mier, romelmac andria mociqulis misioneruli 

moRvaweoba saqarTveloSi realur faqtad miiCnia 

(narkvevebi 1973: 585). 

sakiTxis marTebuli aRqmisaTvis saWirod migvaCnia im 

wyaroebis miTiTeba, sadac andrias skviTiis ganmanaTleblad 

miiCneven. upirveles yovlisa, davimowmebT zemoxsenebul 

II-III ss. moRvawis _ origenis cnobas, romlis mixedviTac, 

`rodesac wmida mociqulni da mowafeni macxovrisa 

Cuenisa moefinnen mTel qveynierebas, Tomas, rogorc 

Tqmuleba gadmogvcems, wilad xvda parTia, andrias _ 

skviTia…~ (javaxiSvili 1900: 45). egeve cnobas imeorebs 

evsevi kesarieli (III-IV ss.) Tavis `saeklesio istoriaSi~; 

lionis episkoposi evqeric (V s.) skviTias miiCnevs andrias 

mier ganaTlebul qveynad; wm. isidores (VI-VII ss.) cnobiT, 

`wminda andrias saqadageblad wilad xvda skviTia da aqaia~, 

xolo nikifore kalistes gadmocemiT, `wminda andria wargzavnil 

iqna saqadagod im qveynebSi, mas rom xvda wilad: kapadokiaSi, 

galatiasa da biTviniaSi; aqedan igi wavida anTropofagebTan 

da skviTebTan~ (TamaraSvili 1995: 166). 

Semdeg m. TamaraSvili imowmebs konstantinopoleli 

monazonis, epifanes, CvenTvis kargad cnobil TxzulebaSi 

dacul epifane kviprelis (IV-V ss.) cnobas imis Sesaxeb, rom 

`…netarma mociqulma andriam damoZRvra skviTebi, sogdianebi 

da gorsinebi did sebastopolisSi, sadac mdebareobs 

afsaroisis cixe-simagre, isos navsadguri da mdinare 

fazisi, sadac cxovroben iberebi, susebi, fustebi da 

alanebi…~ (TamaraSvili 1995: 67; georgika 1967: 115). iqve, 

54

odesac m. TamaraSvili saubrobs andria pirvelwodebulisadmi 

miZRvnil nikita paflagonelis cnobil `Sesxmaze~, 

sadac andria dasaxelebulia iberTa, sarmatTa, 

tavrTa da skviTTa ganmanaTleblad (patrologia 1862: sv. 

64), mecnieri ar eTanxmeba aRniSnuli saeklesio moRvawis 

iv. javaxiSviliseul Sefasebas da mwerlis obieqturobis 

damadasturebeli metad sagulisxmo faqti mohyavs misive 

biografiidan: `misi (nikitas) Txzulebebi sxva mociqulebis 

Sesaxeb dafuZnebulia am mociqulTa saqmeebze. nikita 

maT mxolod SerCeviT iyenebda da ukuagdebda yovelives, 

rasac saeWvod miiCnevda~ (TamaraSvili 1995: 168). 

saerTod unda aRiniSnos, rom ucxoeli mwerlebi da istorikosebi 

Savi zRvis Crdilo-aRmosavleTiT, aRmosavleTiT 

da samxreTiT asaxeleben im geografiul punqtebs, 

sadac mociqulebs uqadagiaT. maT Soris asaxeleben 

saqarTvelos teritoriaze arsebul qalaqebs _ faziss, 

sebastopoliss, afsaross, agreTve mdinareebs, mxareebs. 

TiToeuli maTgani aRniSnavs, rom didi sebastopolisi, 

fazisis xeoba da afsarosis teritoria dasaxlebulia 

iberebiT anu qarTvelebiT. gviani xanis ucxoeli mogzaurebic 

imeoreben wm. andria mociqulis mier saqarTveloSi 

qristianobis qadagebis Sesaxeb arsebul amave versias. 

samarTlianad SeniSnavda r. siraZe, rom `samwuxarod, am 

saukunis dasawyisidan saxelovani qarTveli mecnierebis 

mier àndreas mimosvlis~ mniSvneloba ignorirebuli iqna, 

rac araa marTebuli~, arada, giorgi mTawmidelis mier 

qarTuli eklesiis avtokefalobis dasacavad andrias `mimoslvis~ 

damowmebis Semdeg es Txzuleba ìqca mTavar dokumentad 

qarTvelTa saeklesio suverenitetis dasacavad, 

aman didad gansazRvra qarTvelTa sulieri statusi ZnelbedobaTa 

Jams...~ mkvlevaris azriT, andrias `mimoslvis~ 

ignorirebis faqti ìyo maqsimalisturi skefsisis gamovlineba. 

momavalSi mizanSewonilia àndreas mimosvlisadmi~ 

amgvari mimarTebis daZleva. Cven ar gvaqvs saTanado safuZveli 

Txzulebis RirsebebSi daeWvebisaTvis, Txzulebisa, 

romelic mogviTxrobs saqarTveloSi qristianobis 

gavrcelebaze mociqulTa mier~ (siraZe 1992: 88). 

wm. andria pirvelwodebulis mier Savi zRvis sanapiro 

55

qveynebSi qristianobis gavrcelebis Sesaxeb vrclad msjelobs 

s. petrovski da samarTlianad SeniSnavs, rom wm. andrias 

Sesaxeb arsebulma gadmocemebma mravali cvlileba 

ganicades, ris gamoc Wirs kidec Tavdapirveli istoriuli 

ambebis mTeli sizustiT aRdgena. man IX-XI saukuneebSi Seqmnili 

literatura mociqulTa Sesaxeb arsebuli apokrifuli 

Txzulebebis gadamuSavebad miiCnia, ris Sedegadac 

miviReT gansxvavebuli xasiaTis nawarmoebebi, romlebic 

SeiZleba mivakuTvnoT rogorc hagiografias, ise homiletikasac. 

amitom man, Tavisi kvlevis miznad sami ZiriTadi 

sakiTxis garkveva daisaxa: 1) apokriful TqmulebaTa Seqmnis 

drois gansazRvra; 2) maTi istoriuli Rirebulebis 

dadgena; 3) maTi mimarTeba mokle saeklesio cnobebTan da 

gviandel `cxorebebTan~ andria mociqulis Sesaxeb. apokrifuli 

`cnobebis~ (Àcta”) detalurma analizma s. petrovski 

miiyvana im daskvnamde, rom maTi Seqmna unda dasrulebuliyo 

V-VI ss-Si, rodesac gnostikurma sistemam erTgvarad 

gamoacocxla da ganaaxla interesi mociqulTa `mimoslvis~ 

mimarT. misive azriT, savsebiT dasaSvebia, rom isini SeeqmnaT 

mociqulTa moRvaweobisa da wamebis aRsrulebisTanave, 

yovel SemTxvevaSi _ II s-Si mainc (petrovski 1897: 47). 

am e.w. àqtebze~ dayrdnobiT VIII-IX saukuneebSi ukve unda 

Seqmniliyo apokrifuli xasiaTis hagiografiuli da homiletikuri 

Janris Txzulebebi. s. petrovskis SexedulebiT, 

mociqulTa Sesaxeb arsebuli àqtebidan~ pirveli adgili 

wm. andria mociqulisa da mataTas moRvaweobas ekava. andria 

pirvelwodebulis Sesaxeb dawerili `mimoslvaTa~ ber- 

Znuli redaqcia mkvlevarma I-II saukuneebis mijnaze Seqmnilad 

miiCnia. 

rac Seexeba apostoluri qadagebebis realurobas aRmosavleT 

da CrdiloeT SavizRvispireTis qveynebSi, s. 

petrovskis SexedulebiT, igi damokidebulia imaze, miviCnevT 

Tu ara sarwmunod saerTod Zveli drois gadmocemebs 

(àqtebs~), istorikosTa da apokriful TxzulebebSi 

dacul cnobebs, romlebic Seexebian wm. andria mociqulis 

skviTiaSi, xolo wm. barTlomes mier indoeTSi qristianobis 

qadagebis faqtebs. gviandel `moRuawebebsa~ (`~) 

da mcire moculobis Txzulebebs, romlebic geneti- 

56

kurad ukavSirdebian apokrifebs, am SemTxvevaSi gadamwyveti 

mniSvneloba ar eniWebaT. magram, isic faqtia, rom 

isini arafers sawinaaRmdegos ar Seicaven am mociqulTa 

misioneruli moRvaweobis Sesaxeb. savsebiT realuri da 

misaRebi Cans s. petrovskis daskvna, rom mociqulTa qadagebebis 

Sesaxeb SavizRvispireTis aRmosavleTisa da 

Crdilo-aRmosavleTis qveynebSi arsebul `moRuawebebsa~ 

da mokle cnobebSi (Àcta”) gamoTqmuli Sexedulebebi gaziarebuli 

iyo jer kidev IV-V ss-Si, rasac imdroindel istorikosTa 

da saeklesio moRvaweTa Sromebi adasturebs. 

s. petrovski wers: `mTavar sakiTxSi yvela es Sexeduleba 

emTxveva apokriful da saeklesio-anonimur gadmocemebs, 

amgvari damTxveva ki saukeTeso garantiaa imisa, rom SavizRvispireTis 

aRmosavleTis _ kavkasiis da CrdiloeTis 

_ tavrebis _ qveynebSi mociqulTa moRvaweoba da qristianobis 

qadageba uZvelesi droidanve sarwmunod iyo 

miCneuli da, Sesabamisad, marTlac sarwmunoa” (petrovski 

1898: 182-183). 

miuxedavad imisa, rom qarTul sinamdvileSi andrias 

mimoslvis ambavi X s-Si Sesulad miaCnia, fr. dvorniki wm. 

andrias moRvaweobas SavizRvispireTis aRmosavleT da 

Crdilo-aRmosavleT qveynebSi realur faqtad Tvlis. mas 

miaCnia, rom andria pirvelwodebulis Sesaxeb arsebul 

evangelur monaTxrobs daefuZna SemdegSi misi misioneruli 

moRvaweobis amsaxveli Txzulebebi (dDvorniki 1958: 

263). 

evangelur-apostolur monaTxrobTan erTad adreqristianuli 

mwerlobis cnobebi gamxdara safuZveli epifane 

monazonisa da nikita paflagonelis TxzulebebisaT-vis. 

Tavis mxriv, rogorc Cans, epifanes Txzuleba gaxda safuZveli 

im nawarmoebisa, romelic m. bonem gamoaqveyna 

Ànalecta Bollandiana~-Si (t.13, 1894) XI-XII saukuneebis xelnawerebis 

mixedviT (r. lifsiusis mosazrebis sapirispirod 

fr. dvornikma daadgina, rom m. bones mier gamoqveynebuli 

e.w. `Laudatio~-s [xelnawerebSi _ `…~] erTaderT 

wyaros epifane monazonis `wm. andrias cxovreba~ warmoadgens 

(ix. dDvorniki 1958: 226. ix. agreTve, Llifsiusi 1883: 571 

da Semdeg). 

57

swored am Txzulebis avtorad miiCnevs efTvime aToneli 

nikita paflagonels, rasac misi qarTuli Targmanis sa- 

TaurSi miuTiTebs. aseve fr. halkini, romelmac andrias 

àqtebis~ Sesaxeb arsebuli wyaroebis bibliografia Seadgina, 

am Txzulebis avtorad nikita paflagonels Tvlis; 

Tumca CvenTvis gaurkvevelia, romeli xelnaweris cnobas 

emyareba igi am SemTxvevaSi, vinaidan aq mxolod m. bones 

CvenTvis cnobil gamocemebs asaxelebs. ase rom, Cven aRniSnul 

nawarmoebs, romelic XI saukunis damdegs uTargmnia 

efTvime aTonels qarTul enaze, apriori nikita paflagonelis 

mier SeTxzulad miviCnevT. 

niSandoblivia, rom fr. dvornikma epifane monazonis 

Txzuleba mdare gemovnebisad CaTvala, ris gamoc, misi azriT, 

aucilebeli gamxdara erTgvari kompilaciuri Sromis 

Sedgena, romelic ànonim~ avtors Seuqmnia. fr. dvornikis 

SexedulebiT, Txzuleba dawerili unda iyos 880 wlis Semdeg, 

ori eklesiis _ romisa da konstantinopolis eklesiaTa 

Tanxmobis periodSi, rasac adgili swored am drois 

Semdeg hqonda… (dDvorniki 1958: 233). daaxloebiT amave 

xanebSi Seqmnilad miiCnevs aRniSnul Txzulebas i, flamionic 

(Fflamioni 1911: 85). mkvlevars amas afiqrebinebs Txzulebis 

Sesaval nawilSi wm. andriasa da wm. petres (òri 

udidesi mociqulis~) Zmobis, maTi Tanxmobis xazgasma, 

orives `Sesxmas~ moicavs igi (dDvorniki 1958: 231-232). 

fr. dvornikma epifane monazonis Txzulebaze dayrdnobiT 

andria mociqulis samisionero qveynad kolxeTi, 

igive iberTa qveyana, susebi, fustebi da alanebi miiCnia. 

igi aseve andrias miiCnevs mTeli SavizRvispireTis 

ganmanaTleblad, sadac man mravali saswaulic moaxdina 

(dDvorniki 1958: 225). igi exeba xatmbrZolobis epoqaSi 

konstantine (V) kopronimis miutevebel gadawyvetilebas, 

brZanebas, rom gaenadgurebinaT konstantinopolTan 

aRmarTuli wm. andria mociqulis marmarilos qandakeba. 

fr. dvornikis dakvirvebiT, ànonimi~ avtoris (Cvens mier 

nikita paflagonelad miCneuli _ m.k.) TxzulebaSi didi 

adgili eTmoba andria mociqulis mier staqes episkoposad 

kurTxevas, mociqulis qadagebas iberebTan, skviTebTan, 

sarmatebTan, CrdiloeTi da samxreTi SavizRvispireTis 

58

TiTqmis yvela kuTxesa da qalaqSi (dDvorniki 1958: 34). wm. 

andria pirvelwodebulis `mimoslvaTa~ sxvadasxva redaqciis 

Sejerebis Sedegad igi im daskvnamde mivida, rom X 

saukunemde qarTvelebi ar icnobdnen gadmocemebs andria 

mociqulis Sesaxeb da swored am dros gaecvnen mas. 

maT ainteresebdaT cnobebi andrias mogzaurobis Sesaxeb 

aRmosavleT SavizRvispireTSi, kerZod, qalaq sebastopolisSi, 

rogorc es aRwerilia epifane monazonis Txzulebasa 

da svinaqsarebSi (dDvorniki 1958: 262). aRsaniSnavia, rom 

svimeon metafrastis mier Sedgenil mosaxsenebelSi, romlis 

ZiriTad wyaros epifane monazonis Txzuleba da `Laudatio~ 

warmoadgens wm. andrias misioneruli moRvaweobis 

geografiuli areali kidev ufro gafarToebulia (amasTan 

dakavSirebiT ix. Menaia Novembris 1843: 235-245; Synaxarium 

1902: 265 da Semdeg; fFlamioni 1911: 238-241) fr. dvornikis 

dakvirvebiT, qarTvelebma myisve gaiTvaliswines aRniSnuli 

cnobis aucilebloba TavianTi eklesiisaTvis, raTa 

is SemdgomSi samociqulod yofiliyo miCneuli, SeeqmnaT 

iseTi warmodgena, rom wm. andriam daaarsa maTi eklesia... 

saqarTvelodan ki wm. andria gadasula tamanis naxevarkun- 

Zulze, SesaZloa igi aq saberZneTidanac ki moxvda. Semdeg 

igi gadavida kievSi, rogorc mogviTxroben Zveli rusuli 

qronikebi (dDvorniki 1958: 263). 

samecniero literaturaSi gamoTqmuli orgvari Tvalsazrisi 

wm. andria pirvelwodebulis misioneruli moRvaweobis 

Sesaxeb saqarTveloSi, saTanado wyaroebze dayrdnobiT 

ganixila mTavarepiskoposma anania jafariZem, ris 

Sedegadac daaskvna, rom `qarTvelTa Soris qristianoba 

mociqulebma gaavrceles... ... saqarTveloSi ramdenime mociqulma 

iqadaga. ori mociquli saqarTveloSive ganisvenebs, 

kerZod, simon kananeli da mataTia. qarTuli eklesia 

daamyara wm. mociqulma andriam, radganac man xeli daasxa 

saqarTvelos pirvel episkoposs awyurSi da dauarsa mas 

saepiskoposo kaTedra, romelSic mRvdlebi da diakvnebi 

hyavda~ (mTavarepiskoposi anania 1996: 42). 

amrigad, gamoikveTa ori mimarTuleba wm. andria pirvelwodebulis 

misioneruli moRvaweobis Sesaxeb saqarTvelo- 

Si: 1. mecnierTa nawili amtkicebs, rom andrias wvlili 

59

qarTvelTa moqcevis saqmeSi realur safuZvels moklebulia, 

2. meore nawili ki dokumenturad adasturebs andrias 

mociqulobis faqts. sakiTxi sabolood ar gadaWrila, 

Tumca unda vaRiaroT da Cvenc im azrisa varT, rom wm. andria 

pirvelwodebulis misioneruli moRvaweoba saqarTveloSi 

realur faqts unda warmoadgendes. Tu aseTad ar miviCnevT 

mas, maSin sxva danarCen mociqulTa misionerul moRvaweobaSic 

unda SevitanoT eWvi. samarTlianad aRniSna s. 

poliakovam, rom `religiur-mistikur mxareze simZimis gadatanis 

gziT sarwmuno istoriuli faqtebi hagiografiul 

legendebad gardaisaxebian~ (bizantiuri legendebi 1972: 

257). rogorc Cans, mociqulTa moRvaweobis mniSvnelobam 

ideologiuri TvalsazrisiT daCrdila maTi istoriulrealuri 

arsebobis faqti. 

damowmebani: 

arqimandriti makari 1846: Архимандрит Макаря. . История История христянства христянства в в Ро- РоРосии до равноалостооьского кн., Владимира, СПб., 1846. 

baqraZe 1889:. baqraZe d. istoria saqarTvelosi. tf.: 1889. 

Dbizantiuri legendebi 1972: Dbpfynbqcrbt ktutyls> rfr kbnthfnehyjt zdktybt> 

d ry.% Dbpfynbqcrbt Ktutyls: K.: 1972. 

brose 1895: mari brose, saqarTvelos istoria, naw. pirveli, tf.: 

1895. 

`BHGHbhg~, 

I, 1957: `BIblioteka Haguographica Graeca, par. Fr. Halkin. I, Bruxelles: 

1957. 

georgika 1967: georgika (bizantieli mwerlebis cnobebi saqarTvelos 

Sesaxeb), s. yauxCiSvilis gamocema. VII, Tb.: 1967. 

dDvorniki 1958: Dornik Fr. The Idea of Apostolisity in Bizantium and the legend of 

the Apostle Andrew. Cambridge: Masachusetts, 1958. 

enciklopedia 1975: qarTuli sabWoTa enciklopedia. I, Tb.: 1975. 

TamaraTi 1910: Tamarati M. L’Eglisse Georgienne..., ome: 1910. 

TamaraSvili 1995: m. TamaraSvili, qarTuli eklesia dasabamidan 

dRemde, Tb.: 1995. 

TayaiSvili 1890: TayaiSvili e. `sami istoriuli xronika~. tf.: 1890. 

TayaiSvili 1891: TayaiSvili e. axali varianti wm. ninos cxovrebisa, 

anu meore nawili qarTlis moqcevisa. tf.: 1891. 

Teimuraz batoniSvili 1848: batoniSvili T. ìstoria dawyebiTgan 

iveriisa, ese igi giorgisa, romel ars sruliad saqarTveloÁsa~. sanktpeterburRi: 

1848. 

Bioseliani 1843: Иоселиани П . Краткая история грузинской цуркви. С.- 

Пб.:1843. 

kekeliZe 1956: kekeliZe k. werilebi Zveli qarTuli literaturis istoriidan. 

etiudebi..., I, Tb.:1956. 

60

kekeliZe 1957: kekeliZe k. qarTvelTa moqcevis mTavari istoriulqronologiuri 

sakiTxebi. etiudebi Zveli qarTuli literaturis istoriidan. 

IV, Tb.: 1957. 

Llipsiusi 1883: .A. Lipsius, Die apokrryphen Apostelgeschichten, und Apostellegenden, 

I, Braunschweig., 1883. 

mTavarepiskoposi anania 1996: mTavarepiskoposi anania jafariZe. 

saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria. I, Tb.: 1996. 

miTebi 1987: Мифы Народов Мира. Ш, М.:1987. 

narkvevebi 1973: saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi. II, Tb.: 1973. 

nikolaZe 1918: nikolaZe e. saqarTvelos eklesiis istoria. quTaisi: 

1918. 

Menaia Novembris 1843: Menaia Novembris. Venice: 1843. 

patrologia 1862: Patrologial cirsis completus ser. Graeca. ed. J. P. Migne, t. 

105, Paris: 1862. 

petrovski 1897: Петровский С. В. Сказания об Апостольской пропеведи по 

северно-восточному Черноморскому побережью. ЗИООИ, т. XX, 1897. 

petrovski 1898: Петровский С. В. Сказания об Апостольской пропеведи по 

северно-восточному Черноморскому побережью. ЗИООИ, т. XXI, 1898. 

sabinini 1877: Сабинин Г. (М.) История Грузинской Цуркви (до конца VI века). 

С.-ПБ., 1877. 

selezniovi 1847: Салезнёв М. Реководство к познанию кавказа. кн. I, СПб, 

1847. 

siraZe 1992: siraZe r. qristianuli kultura da qarTuli mwerloba. 

I, Tb.: 1992. 

Synaxarium 1902: Synaxarium Ecclesiae Constantinopolitanae. Acta Sanctorum, Propylaea, 

Noember, ed. H. Delehaye, Brussels: 1902. 

flamioni 1911: Flamion S. Les Actes Apocryples de l’Apòtre Andrè. Louvien: 

1911. 

yubaneiSvili 1946: s. yubaneiSvili, Zveli qarTuli literaturis 

qrestomaTia, I, Tb.:1946. 

janaSvili 1898: Джанашвили М. История Грузинской церкви. Кн., I, Тифлис: 

1898. 

janaSvili 1886: m. janaSvili, saqarTvelos saeklesio istoria. tf.: 

1886. 

janaSvili1909: janaSvili m. qarTuli mwerloba. II, tf.: 1909. 

61

Malkhaz Kobiashvili 

62 

St. Andrew in Georgia 

Summary 

Accurding to the viewpoint spead in the scholarly works the information 

that St. Andrew worked in Georgia appears in Byzantine writing 

from VIII-IX centuries and reached the Georgian writing in IX-XI centuries. 

We consider that studying the question has a long history and final 

analysis should include modern data too. 

There are two main directions: 1. the part of the scholars’ proof that 

Saint Andria’s work in Geprgia and his attempt po Christian the people is 

not on true facts; 2. the other part of scholars prove the fact of Andria’s 

missionary work through documents. It is obvious that the question is 

not solved though we consider that Saint Andria’s missionary work in 

Georgia should be real, otherwise the missionary work of other apostles 

seem doubtful too.

ia grigalaSvili 

qarTuli samociqulo eklesiis warmoSobis 

istoriidan 

qarTuli xelovnebis araerTi Zegli ganadgurda gareSe 

mtrebis SemosevebiTa Tu Cvenive daudevrobiT, saqarTvelos 

farglebs gareT aRmoCnda sasuliero kulturis 

mravali SesaniSnavi nimuSi, zogierTi maTgani 

dai-karga an dazianda, Tumca, umravlesoba, rac Cvenamde 

SemorCa, swored qristianul epoqaTa kuTvnilebaa. amitom 

gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eniWeba qarTuli samociqulo 

eklesiis istoriis Seswavlas zogadad qarTuli 

erovnul-socialuri da kulturis istoriis sakiTxebis 

gasaazreblad. 

saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi sarwmunoeba da erovnuloba 

bunebrivad SeerTda qarTvelis cnobierebaSi da im idealad, 

principad damkvidrda, romelsac aranairi gansacdelis 

Jams ar eRalateba: àra gecruvneT Sen, siwmidiT 

mSobelo Cueno, kaTolike eklesiao, arca gangceT Sen, sasiqadulo 

Cueno marTlmadideblobao, romlisa arca ganmcemel 

qmnil varT...~ (didi sjulis kanoni 1975: 549). 

saqarTvelos eklesiis warmoSobis, misi avtokefaliis 

sakiTxebi samecniero SromebSi ganxiluli aqvT platon 

ioselians, mixeil sabinins, mose janaSvils, niko mars, 

Tedo Jordanias, kirion saZagliSvils, kalistrate cincaZes, 

ivane javaxiSvils, daviT CubinaSvils, polievqtos 

karbelaSvils, dimitri baqraZes, mari broses, korneli 

kekeliZes, mixeil TamaraSvils, wmida grigol feraZes, 

pavle ingoroyvas, mariam lorTqifaniZes, niko lomours, 

aleqsandre abdalaZes, eqvTime koWlamazaSvils, gvanca 

koplataZes, maia firCxaZes da sxvebs. 

qarTuli samociqulo eklesiis istoria dasabamidan 

bolo xanebamde gadmocemulia wignebSi: vaxtang goilaZe, 

`qarTuli eklesiis saTaveebTan~ (1991) mTavarepiskoposi 

anania jafariZe `samociqulo eklesiis istoria~ (1996), 

vaxtang ToraZe, nino ToraZe `saqarTvelos marTlmadidebeli 

eklesiis istoria~. 

63

qarTuli saistorio tradiciis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelo- 

Si uqadagiaT andria pirvelwodebuls, simon kananelsa da 

mataTas. cnobilia, rom àmbavi mociqulTa saqarTveloSi 

mosvlisa~ ar Sedioda `qarTlis cxovrebis~ Zvel xelnawerebSi 

da XVIII saukunis dasawyisSi vaxtang VI-is `mecnier 

kacTa”komisiam CarTo “mefeTa cxovrebaSi~ im adgilze, 

sadac aRwerili iyo `mefe aderkis mefoba~, romlis drosac 

mosulan wmida mociqulebi saqarTveloSi (`qarTlis 

cxovreba~ 1955: 31). 

ucxouri wyaroebidan ki mociqulTa mimosvlis faqts 

pirvelad ixseniebs origene (185-254 ww.): `roca wminda mociqulebi 

da mowafeni macxovrisa Cuenisa moefinnen mTel 

qveyanas, Tomam wilad miiRo parTia, andriam-skviTia, ioanem-asia, 

petrem-ponto, galatia da biTinia, kabadokia da 

asia~. igives imeorebs evxeric (gard.449) lionis episkoposi 

da evsevi kesarielic (260-340ww.). 

polievqtos karbelaSvilis TqmiT, qristianobis gavrceleba 

mcire aziasa da Cvens qveyanaSi kanonzomieri movlena 

iyo. palestinis CrdiloeTiT mdebare samTavroebi 

Sav zRvamde (axlandeli mcire azia), rogorc TviT palestinac, 

Zvelad Seadgendnen didi romis imperiis nawils da 

friad mdidari xalxiT iyo dasaxlebuli. geografiuli 

mdebareoba da ganuwyveteli saaRebmicemo gaxSirebuli 

misvla-mosvla xels uwyobda mcire aziis sxvadasxva tom- 

Ta daaxloebas palestinasTan. 

jer kidev nabuqudonosor mefis droidan mcire aziasa 

da Cven qveyanaSi mravlad iyvnen dasaxlebuli ebraelebi, 

romlebic sulierad iyvnen dakavSirebuli TavianT sam- 

SoblosTan-palestinasTan. Savi zRvis samxreTi napiri, 

anu mcire aziis CrdiloeTi mxare imTaviTve dasaxlebuli 

iyo qarTveli tomiT da iwodeboda kabadokiad, romelic 

ebraelebTan erTad iyo damakavSirebeli mcire aziasa da 

palestinasTan. ieso qristes gamocxadebis dros mcire 

azia, kabadokia da palestina berZen-romaelTa gavlenis 

qveS imyofeboda. esec SeiZleboda yofiliyo imis mizezi, 

rom warmarTobam, rogorc berZen-romaelTa ZaladobiT 

motanilma, Tavi moabezra xalxs da amitom mcire aziisa da 

imJamindeli saqarTvelos mkvidrni TanaugrZnobdnen qris- 

64

tianobas. qristes amaRlebis Semdeg mcire azias moefinnen 

saxarebis saqadageblad wm. mociqulni-ioane RvTismetyveli, 

petre da pavle, andria da simoni, barTlome, banaba 

da Tadeozi (mataTa) da male gaavrceles kidec. àntioqia, 

efeso, galatia, frigia, paflagonia, lidia, edesia, 

kabadokia, kolxida ramdensame welSi gardaiqcnen saqristiano 

eklesiebad. pirveli episkoposi evodi petre mociqulma 

daadgina antioqiaSi 42 wels da amitom yvela mcire 

aziis CamoTvlili eklesiebi wmida mociqulebma daumor- 

Ciles antioqiis mRvdel-mTavarsa. kabadokiaSi qristianoba 

hqadages orTa ZmaTa-petrem da andriam. es ukanaskneli 

gaudga kolxidisaken svimon moSurnesTan erTad, mimovlo 

klarjeTi, dasavleT saqarTvelo abxazeTianaT da hqadaga 

wmida saxareba~ (javaxiSvili 1900: 45). 

sasuliero literaturisa da `qarTlis cxovrebis~ mixedviT, 

qarTvelTa moqceva wmida mariam RvTismSobels 

ergo wilad. Tumca, Cvens qveyanaSi ver wamosula da mis 

nacvlad andria pirvelwodebuls uqadagia, Tan RvTism- 

Soblis xelTuqmneli xati moubrZanebia. qarTuli saeklesio 

tradiciiT, es awyuris RvTismSoblis xatia, romelic 

aseve xelovnebis muzeumSia daculi. iTvleba, rom luka maxareblis 

dawerilia wilknis RvTismSoblis xati, romelic 

aseve xelovnebis muzeumSi inaxeba, xolo misi asli wilknis 

eklesiaSia dabrZanebuli. 

pavle ingoroyvas TqmiT, iovane sabanisZes `wmida habos 

wamebaSi~ dasaxelebuli aqvs, swored is punqtebi, sadac 

wmida mociqulebs umoRvawiaT: `trapezunti mun ars, 

sayofeli igi afsareaÁsa, da nafsaÁs navsadguri~. mecnieris 

TqmiT, trapezunti aris is punqti, sadac gadmocemiT, 

iqadaga andria mociqulma da saidanac is Semovida 

saqarTveloSi; Sua mxareSi mdebare afsari aris is punqti, 

sadac, gadmocemiT, dasaflavebuli iyo andrias TanamoRvawe 

mociquli mataTa; CrdiloeT mxareSi mdebare nafsaÁs 

navsadguri (nikofsia) aris punqti, sadac gadmocemiT, 

dasaflavebuli iyo andrias TanamoRvawe, mociquli simon 

kananeli. 

doroTeos tvirelis (mesame saukunis dasasrulis avtorisa) 

da epifane kviprelis (meoTxe saukunis meore naxev- 

65

is avtoris) teqstebSi, moipoveba cnobebi wmida andria 

mociqulis moRvaweobis Sesaxeb dasavleT saqarTveloSi. 

ieronimes Txzulebis damatebaSi ki, romelic miewereba 

meoTxe saukunis avtors, sofronis, naTqvamia: àndriam, 

rogorc gadmogvces winaprebma, iqadaga did sebastopol- 

Si, sadac aris afsaris cixe-simagre, da mdinare fasisi~(ix. 

O.Gebhardt, Hieronimus de viris illustribus...., 1896 (TU XXV), p.3, 7, 

14. 3. v.vasilevski, op.cit. gv.225-226). mataTa mociqulis Sesaxeb 

ki naTqvamia: `mataTam... iqadaga saxareba meore eTiopiaSi 

(kolxeTSi), sadac aris afsaris cixe-simagre da hÂsis 

navsadguri...iqve gardaicvala da damarxulia dRemde~ 

(ix.O. Gebhardt, op. cit. gv.226). me-8 saukunis avtoris epifane 

konstantinopolelis Txzulebis zedwerilSi ki miTiTebulia, 

`kÂpreli episkoposis epifanes sityviT, man icoda 

gadmocemidan, rom netarma mociqulma andriam...iqadaga 

did sebastolisSi, sadac aris afsaris cixe-simagre da hÂsis 

navTsadguri, da mdinare fasisi, da sadac mosaxleoben 

iberielni, susanelni, (resp.sosanelni), da fustelni, alanni~ 

(ix. Migne, PG cr.t.120, gv.221, v. vasilevski, op.cit. gv. 226; 

(ingoroyva 1954: 211-223). 

maia firCxaZe aRniSnavs, rom “andria mociqulis `mimosvlisa~ 

da moRvaweobis arealad origene, evxeri, isidore ispalieli, 

evsevi kesarieli asaxeleben skviTias, doroTeos 

tvirelTan da sofromTan amas emateba afsarosi, mdinare 

fazisi da sebastopolisi; epifane konstantinepo-lel- 

Tan (epifane kviprelze dayrdnobiT)gvxvdeba `sogdianebi, 

mosxinebi did sebastopolisSi~, afsaris cixe, hisos 

navsadguri da mdinare fazisi iq mcxovrebi xalxiT (iberielebi, 

susebi, fustebi, alanebi...) Teodorite kvirels 

Semohyavs àvazgia~ (efremis ganmartebiT _àfxazeTi~), 

oseTi da barTlome mociqulis moRvaweobis adgili `CrdiloeTi~ 

(efrem mciriseuli `qarTli~), nikifore kaliste 

asaxelebs-kabadokias, galaTias, biTviniasa da skviTias, 

nikita paflaRoneli ki amas umatebs savromatebs, tavrebsa 

da yvela maT, romlebic èvqsinis pontos CrdiloeTiT 

imyofebian da samxreTiTac arian ganlagebulni~ (firCxaZe 

2002: 18). 

66

eqvTime mTawmindelis mier Targmnili wmida andria mociqulis 

`mimosvlaTa~ teqstidan Cans, wmida andria mociquli 

samjer Semosula Cvens qveyanaSi qristianobis saqadageblad. 

pirvelad samegreloSi uqadagia, Semdeg gadasula 

qarTlSi. parTiis gavliT asula ierusalimSi, sadac 

dResaswaulobdnen aRdgomas. meored SavizRvispireTis 

teritoriaze uqadagia, kerZod, samegreloSic, xolo mesamed- 

qarTlSi svimeon kananelTan da mataTasTan erTad. 

sagulisxmo faqtia wmida mociqulis mier aseTi gansakuTrebuli 

yuradRebisa da mzrunvelobis gamoCena Cveni 

qveynis mcxovreblebis mimarT. RvTis nebis morCilebiT 

aRmsrulebeli wminda mociqulebi cdilobdnen, rac SeiZleboda 

bevr qveyanaSi gaevrcelebinaT qristeanuli swavleba. 

ibadeba kiTxva: ratom Semovida samjer wmida andria 

saqarTveloSi? amis mizezi Cveni azriT, is garemoeba unda 

yofiliyo, rom wmida mociquli rwmenis ganmtkicebas 

cdilobda adgilobriv mosaxleobas Soris, amasTan er- 

Tad amowmebda, azustebda, ramdenad axorcielebdnen mis 

naqadagars qristeanobaze axladmoqceulni. 

Tu ra saxis iyo aRniSnuli swavleba, teqstSivea ganmartebuli: 

“xolo didebuli andrea sxviTa maT Tana movidodes 

qalaqiTi qalaqad da sofliTi soflad, aswavebdes 

ersa da iqmodes saswaulTa da esreT miiwivnes queyanasa 

qarTlisasa da vidre mdinaredmde Woroxisa, daucadebelad 

qadagebdes saxelsa RuTisasa~ (kobiaSvili 2008: 189) 

mcxovreblebs aswavla `wesi locvisaÁ da didebis metyuelebisa 

RmrTisaÁ da gangebaÁ wmidisa JamiswirvisaÁ da 

ubrZana mwuxri da ganTiad zogad SekrebaÁ da aRmosavaliT 

kerZo dadgomaÁ da muxlmodrekiT locuaÁ da galobaÁ 

fsalmunTa daviTisTa, marxvad da mRÂiZarebad da kiTxvad 

saRmrToTa werilTa da ara sawarmarToTa zRaparTa, 

aramed TqmulTa mosesTa da sxuaTa winaÁswarmetyuelTasa; 

da raTa daimarxon Seucvalebelad yovelive ganwesebuli 

mociqulTa mier, viTarca pirTa RmrTisaÁTa Tqumuli~ 

(xazi Cvenia-i.g) (kobiaSvili 2008: 174). 

`qarTlis cxovrebis~ mixedviT, wmida mociquli megrelTa 

mxareSi qadagebis Semdeg didaWaraSi gadavida 

“da iwyo qadagebad saxarebisa. rameTu kacni pirutyuTa 

67

uugunures iyvnes da ara icnobdes Semoqmedsa RmerTsa, 

da yovelsa saZagelsa da arawmidasa wessa aRasrulebdes, 

romeli saTqmeladaca ujero ars. da mravalni Wirni da gansacdelni 

daiTminna urwmunoTagan, da SewevniTa RmrTisa- 

Ta da wmidisa mis xatisaTa yovelnive madlobiT moiTminna, 

vidremdis yovelnive moaqcivna da moiyvanna sarwmunoebad. 

rameTu adgilsa, romelsa daasvena xati yovlad-wmidisa 

RmrTismSoblisa, aRmoecena wyaro friad Suenieri da 

didi, romeli-igi vidre dResca dauwyuedelad aRmosdis. 

da Semokrbes yovelnive yovliT-kerZo mkÂdrni mis queyanisani, 

da naTel-sca yovelTa saxeliTa mamisaTa, da ZisaTa, 

da sulisa wmidisaTa, da daadginna mRudelni da diakonni, 

da daudva wesi da sazRuari sarwmunoebisa. da aRaSennes 

ekklesia Suenieri saxelsa zeda yovlad-wmidisa RvTism- 

Sobelisasa~ (xazi Cvenia-i.g.) (qarTlis cxovreba 1955: 39). 

miiCneven, rom “didaWaraSi xangrZlivi drois ganmavlobaSi 

arsebobda eklesia da, rogorc Cans, ara mxolod 

erTi. aq dRemde moaRwia mravalma, am mxriv saintereso 

toponimma. ramdenime adgilze mosaxleoba eklesiis adre 

arsebobas varaudobs. didaWaris istoriiT dainteresebuli 

amave sofelSi mcxovrebi pirebi, magaliTad, Tamaz wulukiZe, 

Tavis CanawerebSi miiCnevs, rom im adgilze, sadac 

andria pirvelwodebulma jvari daasvena, jvris msgavsad 

amoCuxCuxda wyaros oTxi Tvali. garda amisa, didaWaraSi 

erTi marTlac uiSviaTesi faqti mowmdeba. mosaxleoba 

gamohyofs adgils, sadac ramdenime wyaro amoedineba da 

Tvlis, rom maTgan erTi wmindaa. igi arc zafxulSi da arc 

zamTarSi ar klebulobs. wyaroze xelis Sexeba, anu rogorc 

respodentebi gamoTqvamen, “wyaros wamoyvana’’ codvad 

iTvleba” (mgelaZe 2008: 13-14). maSasadame, im adgilas, sadac 

wmida mociqulma RvTismSoblis xati daasvena, amoxeTqa 

wyarom, romelic mematianis epoqaSic moedineboda. 

sagulisxmoa, rom mZime istoriuli xvedris miuxedavad, 

mosaxleobis mexsierebam am dromde Semoinaxa uZvelesi 

gadmocemebi. wyaro ki DdRemde arsebobs, rogorc xiluli 

saswauli. 

2007 wels meufe spiridonis xelSewyobiT xulos raionis 

sofel didaWaris centridan CrdiloeTiT mdebare 

68

`mTarangelozis~ borcvis arqeologiuri Seswavlis Sedegad 

dadasturda, rom àmave teritoriaze unda yofiliyo 

gamarTuli eklesia (andria pirvelwodebulis mier). 

momdevno epoqebSi araerTi gadakeTebis, darecxvis, 

damewyvris, XVI-XVII ss. aWaraSi ganviTarebuli movlenebisa 

da bolodroindeli (XXs. 90-iani wlebi) mizanmimarTuli 

qmedebebis Sedegad albaT ganadgurda andria pirvelwodebulis 

droindeli taZris naSTebi, romelTa nawili 

damuSavebuli kvadrebis saxiT borcvis irgvliv mravladaa 

SemorCenili. miuxedavad zemoaRniSnulisa, mainc sbolood 

ver moxerxda taZris nakvalevis waSla~ (ebraliZe 

2008: 38). 

wmida andria mociqulis moRvaweobis xanaSi unda Cayroda 

safuZveli CvenSi eklesiaTa mSeneblobas. mniSvnelovania 

is faqti, rom `biWvintis naqalaqarSi 1952-1971 

ww. warmoebulma Txram gamoavlina ax.w. II-VI ss.sasimagro 

nagebobani, galavnis kedlebi da koSkebi, sameurneo da 

sakulto nagebobani. am ukanasknelTagan gansakuTrebul 

yuradRebas iqcevs didi taZris samnaviani, waxnagovan-absidiani 

bazilikisa da misi minaSenis nangrevi. taZari, Cans, 

moxdenili yofila, Sig marmarilos svetebi mdgara, xolo 

iataki mTlianad dafaruli yofila maRalmxatvruli mozaikiT. 

mozaikiani taZari uZvelesi yofila, Sig marmarilos 

svetebi mdgara, xolo iataki mTlad dafaruli yofila 

maRalmxatvruli mozaikiT. mozaikiani taZari uZvelesi 

yofila, mis nangrevebze kidev orjer augiaT eklesia. 

erTi maTganis Senebisas Zveli mozaikac gamouyenebiaT VI 

s. Sua wlebSi, iustinianes dros. Zveli ki aSenebula adgilobrivi 

didkacis-orelis mier, misi da misi saxlis salocvelad. 

raki Zvel egrisSi, iseve rogorc aRmosavleT 

saqarTveloSi, taZrebis mSenebloba gaiSala qristianobis 

gavrcelebis kvaldakval, biWvintaSi ukve unda mdgariyo 

taZari- salocavi saydari biWvintis episkoposisa, romelic 

325 wlis nikeis msoflio saeklesio krebis monawile 

iyo~ (lomTaTiZe 1977: 12). 

biWvinTis mozaikis Sesrulebis maRali teqnika mowmobs, 

rom biWvinTaSi adgilobrivi skolac ki SeiZleboda arsebuliyo. 

taZris kompoziciis calkeul detalebsa Tu siu- 

69

JetebSi antikuri, elinistur-mxatvruli tradiciebis 

garda vlindeba agreTve qristianuli simbolika, kerZod, 

taZris centralur nawilSi-sakurTxevelSi (vaCnaZe 1982: 

106-111). 

`wminda ninos cxovrebis~ mixedviT, wmida ninos brZanebiTa 

da mefe mirianis surviliT Sesdgomian eklesiis agebas 

mSeneblebi. Cndeba kiTxva: Tu eklesiaTa agebis tradicia 

ar arsebobda Cvens qveyanaSi, saidan unda scodnodaT 

mSeneblebs ra saxe unda miecaT nagebobisaTvis? sasuliero 

pirTa mowveva bizantiidan mefem mxolod taZris agebis 

Semdeg brZana. 

simon yauxCiSvilis SeniSvniT, gelasi kesarieli rodesac 

gviambobs mirian mefis brZanebiT eklesiis agebis Sesaxeb, 

naTqvamia: `rodesac saxlis stoas aSenebdnen, saWiro 

iyo SuaSi svetebis aRmarTvac mamakacebisa da dedakacebis 

SesakrebelTa gasayofad~. aq Cven gvaqvs qarTuli xuroTmoZRvrebis 

istoriisaTvis metad mniSvnelovani cnoba, 

saxeldobr, rom ukve uZveles qarTul taZrebs moepoveboda 

specialuri nawili~ (yauxCiSvili 1926: 64). 

Cveni azriT, wmida SuSanikis mier xazgasma, rom mamakacebma 

da dedakacebma ar unda Wamon erTad puri, SesaZloa 

asaxavdes qristianuli saeklesio wes-Cveulebis gabatonebas 

saero cxovrebaSi. 

sayuradReboa, wmida grigol feraZis mier gamoTqmuli 

Tvalsazrisi, rom `wmida ninos cxovrebis~ mixedviT, àbia- 

Tari unda iyos warmomadgeneli mcxeTis iudevel qristianTa 

mrevlisa, romelic albaT ukve meore saukuneSi 

arsebobda aq.~ (feraZe 2003: 76). 

cnobilia, rom mcxeTaSi ebrauli koloniis gaCenas qar- 

Tuli saistorio tradicia elinistur xanas akuTvnebs. 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁSi~ vaspurakanis mTavari abiaTars 

eubneba, rom fg (e.i.503) weli gavida mas Semdeg, rac Tqveni 

mamebi (e.i. winaprebi) movidneno aq (e.i. mcxeTaSi, qarTl- 

Si). amave saubarSi abiaTari ambobs, rom 334 welia, rac 

RmerTi aRar mfarvelobs israels. ueWvelia, igulisxmeba 

qristes mowamebrivi sikvdili, romelSic ebraelebs adana- 

Saulebdnen. Tu imasac gaviTvaliswinebT, rom `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁSi~ qristes dabadebidan TariRebi motanilia, 

70

ogorc TariRebi qristes sikvdilidan, SeiZleba gamoviangariSoT 

mcxeTis ebrauli koloniis daarsebis TariRic: 

ax.w.334-503=Zv.w.169w. (narkvevebi... 1970: 452-453). 

bunebrivia, ebraelebsa da qarTvelebs Soris adgili 

eqneboda kulturul faseulobaTa urTierTgaziarebasa 

da gacvlasac. wmida mociqulTa saRvTismsaxuro praqtika 

Tavdapirvelad emyareboda ZvelaRTqmiseul, iudeur 

gamocdilebas. ebrauli taZris RvTismsaxurebaSi sakmaod 

Zlieri iyo musikalur-sasimRero elementi. sagulisxmoa, 

rom `134-e da 135-e fsalmunebs ebraelebica 

da qristianebic iyenebdnen RvTismsaxurebisas, radgan 

isini mimarTuli iyo kerpTayvanismcemlobis winaaRmdeg~ 

(tipikoni 1910: 3). 

albaT, swored fsalmunTa galobas, mosesa da winaswarmetyvelTa 

Tqmulis swavlebas asaxavda Tavdapirveli 

saRvTismsaxuro praqtika. Tu ratom iyo sagulisxmo mose 

winaswarmetyvelis Tqmuli, giorgi amartolis xronoRrafSi 

vkiTxulobT: ”mose icnobebis pirvelad brZnad, 

viTarca daswers evpolemos, da pirvelad ebraelTa mimcemel 

eqmnebis werilisa, romeli igi saRmrToman abraham 

moiRo qaldevelTagan, rameTu esreT ityÂs iosipos vi- 

Tarmed “pirvelad abraham qadaga dambadebelad RmerTi 

da pirvel STavida egviptes da mricxuelobiTi da varskulavT-metyvelebiTi 

sibrZne aswava megviptelTa. `rameTu 

pirvelad qaldevelTa moepovnes eseni, xolo ebraelTagan 

miiRes finikelTa, romelTagan kadmos ukue moixuna 

ellenTa momarT; xolo osiodos uSuenieresad Seawyvna da 

gulisxmierad ellen yvna igini~ (yauxCiSvili 1920: 14). 

maSasadame, wmida winaswarmetyvelni arian sjulis mqa- 

dagebelni, , RvTis RvTis gulmxurvalegulmxurvale madidebelni, madidebelni,madidebelni, , ganbrZno- 

ganbrZno- 

ganbrZno- 

ganbrZno- 

ganbrZnoganbrZno- 

ganbrZno- 

bilni, swored amdenad aris maTi Tqmuli mniSvnelovani 

rwmenaSi axladmoqceulTa da saerTodac morwmuneTa 

gansamtkiceblad. dResac, qristeanul RvTismsaxurebaSi 

mniSvnelovani adgiliadgiliuWiravsuWiravs fsalmunebsa fsalmunebsa da da dawinaswarmewinaswarmewinaswarmetyvelTa sakiTxavebs, amasTan erTad mociqulTa swavlebasac. 

meufe anania jafariZe miiCnevs, rom mociqulTa dros 

saqarTveloSi Seqmnili qristeanuliqristeanuli Temebi Temebi Temebi avtokefa- 

avtokefa- 

avtokefa- 

avtokefaavtokefaluriiyo. 

. igi igi ar ar ar iziarebs iziarebs iziarebs qarTul qarTul qarTul qarTul istoriografiaSi istoriografiaSi istoriografiaSi istoriografiaSi istoriografiaSi arar-ararar- 

ar- 

71

sebul mosazrebas avtokefaliis mopovebamde (romelic 

vaxtang gorgaslis damsaxurebad damsaxurebad iTvleba) iTvleba)iTvleba) ) antioqiis antioqiis antioqiis antioqiis sasasa 

sa- sasapatriarqosadmi 

qarTuli eklesiis morCilebis Sesaxeb 

(ix.episkoposi anania jafariZe `saqarTvelos samociqulo 

eklesiis istoria~, Tbilisi 1996, gv. 356-357-361) 

imxanadantioqiisantioqiissapatriarqo,sapatriarqo, sapatriarqo, , radgan radgan radgan bizantiisbizantiis bizantiis bizantiis imimimim 

im- imperiiseklesiaswarmoadgenda,warmoadgenda, 

, qarTlSi qarTlSi qarTlSi ki ki ki ki iraniirani irani irani irani batonobbatonobbatonobbatonobbatonobda, 

avtori Tvlis, rom iranis xelisufleba ar dauSvebda 

qarTuli eklesia ierarqiul damokidebulebaSi yofiliyo 

misi mowinaaRmdege imperiis eklesiisadmi. 

vaxtang goilaZe dadebiTad afasebs mitropolit anania 

jafariZis mier gamoTqmul Tvalsazriss da SeniSnavs, rom 

qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis sakiTxi am kuTxiT ar 

dasmula (ix. vaxtang goilaZe, episkopos anania jafariZis 

saqarTvelos samociqulo eklesiis istoria Tbilisi 1995, 

gv.10).mitropolit anania jafariZis TqmiT, marTalia, 381 

wels meore msoflio saeklesio krebis Semdeg Zlierma 

eklesiebma daiwyes susti eklesiebis damorCileba, (konstantinopolis 

eklesiam am dros gaauqma pontos da asiis 

avtokefaliebi). antioqiis eklesiis mier qarTul eklesiaze 

pretenziis gamocxadeba SesaZloa aRniSnuli movlenis 

gamoxatuleba iyos. magram, vinaidan antioqiis sapatriarqosadmi 

qarTuli eklesiis ierarqiuli damokidebulebis 

Sesaxeb Zveli qarTuli wyaroebic miuTiTeben, unda dasabuTdes 

qarTul wyaroTa cnobebis ararealuroba, an maTi 

ucxoenovani wyaroebidan warmomavloba (jafariZe 1996: 65). 

Cven vfiqrobT, rom amgvari daqvemdebareba saerTod 

saeklesio organizaciisaTvis garkveuli saxis micemis 

surviliT SeiZleboda yofiliyo nakarnaxevi da ara erTi 

eklesiis mier meoreze gabatonebis surviliT. 

qarTuli da ucxouri wyaroebis mowmobiT Cvens qveyanaSi 

qristeanoba uqadagiaT wmida mociqulebs: wmida andrias, 

wmida svimeon kananels, wmida mataTasa da wmida bar- 

Tlomes. maT naqadagars ukvalod ar Cauvlia. Cvens qveyanaSi 

eklesiaTa mSenebloba maTi moRvaweobis periodSi 

dawyebula. wmida ninos meoxebiT qristianoba oficialur, 

saxelmwifo religiad gamocxadda IV saukuneSi, Tumca, 

misi aRiarebisTvis niadagi qarTvelTa cnobierebaSi ukve 

72

Semzadebuli yofila. 

`qarTlis cxovrebis~ mixedviT, qarTuli qristeanuli 

eklesiis safuZvelCamyreli wmida andria mociqulia. 

misi meoxebiT agebula RvTismSoblis saxelobis eklesia 

didaWaraSi, rac Tanamedrove arqeologiuri kvlevebiTac 

dasturdeba. biWvinTis taZris mozaika adasturebs CvenSi 

saeklesio xuroTmoZRvrebis maRali kulturis arsebobas. 

mcxeTaSi mefe mirianis brZanebiT eklesiis mSeneblobis 

wamowyeba imas miuTiTebs, rom mSeneblebs eklesiis agebis 

gamocdileba im droisaTvis ukve unda hqonodaT. 

eqvTime mTawmindelis mier Targmnil andria pirvelwodebulis 

`mimosvlis~ mixedviT garkveuli warmodgena 

gveqmneba I-II saukuneTa qristeanuli RvTismsaxurebis wesgangebis 

Sesaxeb, romlis damkvidrebis survilic unda yofiliyo 

erT-erTi mizezi imisa, rom wmida andria samjer 

Semosula Cvens qveyanaSi. 

qarTuli samociqulo eklesiis Tavdapirveli mowyoba 

wmida mociqulTa damsaxurebaa. maT Rvawls Seswavla da 

meti dafaseba sWirdeba samomavlodac. 

damowmebani: 

didi sjulis kanoni 1975: didi sjuliskanoni. gamosacemad moamzades 

e. gabiZaSvilma, e.giunaSvilma, m. dolaqiZem, g.ninuam. Tb: 1975. 

ebraliZe 2008: ebraliZe t. sofel didaWaris istoriidan. sxalTis 

eparqia, samecniero konferencia “wmida andria pirvelwodebulis gziT~ 

(masalebi). Tb.: 2-4 maisi, 2008. 

vaCnaZe 1982: Вачнадзе Н. Из историко-христианской символики, Tsu 

Sromebi,N227, Tb.: 1982. 

ingoroyva 1954: ingoroyva p. giorgi merCule. Tb.: 1954. 

karbelaSvili 1900: ierarqia saqarTvelos eklesiisa kaTalikosni da 

mRdelTmTavarni, Sedgenili mR. polievqtos karbelaSvilis mier. Tf.: 

1900. 

kobiaSvili 2008: mimosvla andria mociqulisa. Zveli qarTuli Targmanis 

teqsti gamosacemad moamzada da gamokvleva daurTo m. kobiaSvilma. 

Tb.: 2008. 

lomTaTiZe 1977: lomTaTiZe g. saqarTvelos mosaxleobis kultura 

da yofa I_XIII s. (arqeologiuri masalebis mixedviT). saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa 

akademia, ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis istoriis, arqeologiisa 

da eTnografiis instituti, arqeologiuri komisia. Tb.: 1977. 

mgelaZe... 2008: mgelaZe n., qurdiani m. àndria pirvelwodebuli da 

pirveli samociqulo eklesiis mSeneblobis istoria saqarTveloSi~. 

73

sxalTis eparqia, samecniero konferencia `wmida andria pirvelwodebulis 

gziT~ (masalebi). Tb.: 2-4 maisi, 2008. 

narkvevebi... 1970: saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi. t.I, 1970. 

tipikoni 1910: Тольковый Типиконь. Обьяснительное изложение типикона сь 

историческим введениемь, составиль профессорь Киевской Духовной Академии, 

Михаиль Скабалановичь, Киевь: 1910. 

feraZe 2003: feraZe gr. saqarTvelos eklesiis istoriis problemebi 

(germanulidan Targmna Tamar WumburiZem). artanuji, saistorio Jurnali, 

Tb.: 2003. 

firCxaZe 2002: firCxaZe m. qristianobis gavrcelebis istoria dasavleT 

saqarTveloSi (I-IXss.). ivane javaxiSvilis Tsu saqarTvelos istoriis 

kaTedra, sakandidato disertacia. Tb.: 2002. 

qarTlis cxovreba 1955: qarTlis cxovreba, teqsti dadgenili yvela 

ZiriTadi xelnaweris mixedviT s. yauxCiSvilis mier. tomi I, Tb.: 1955. 

yauxCiSvili 1920: yauxCiSvili s. xronoRrafi giorgi monazonisaÁ. 

tf.: tfilisis universitetis gamocema, 1920. 

yauxCiSvili 1926: yauxCiSvili s. gelasi kesarieli qarTlis moqcevis 

Sesaxeb, mimomxilveli. saqarTvelos saistorio da saeTnografio sazogadoebis 

organo. tf.: 1926. 

javaxiSvili 1900: javaxiSvili i. andria mociqulisa da wminda ninos 

moRvaweoba saqarTveloSi. `moambe~, N№ 5-6, Tb.: 1900. 

jafariZe 1996: mTavarepiskoposi anania jafariZe. saqarTvelos samociqulo 

eklesiis istoria. t.I, Tb.: 1996. 

Ia Grigalashvili 

74 

From the History of Georgian Apostolic Church Origin 

Summary 

According to Georgian and foreign historic sources Christianity was 

preached by Saint Apostles: Andrew, Simeon, Mathata and Barthlomeos 

in Georgia. In ”Qartlis Tskhovreba” is told that St. Andrew converted 

to Christianity the residents of Western Georgia and ordered to build a 

church in Didachara. ecent archaeological searches proe that the ruins 

of the church are left on the hill which is known as toponym “Marangeli” 

(Archangel) in Didachara. 

On the mosaic of episcopasy temple of Bichinta are reflected old 

Christian motives. Scientists consider that an ancient Georgian architectural 

school existed in Western Georgia.We agree with this opinion. As 

we know from the “Life of Saint Nino”the king Mirian and Saint Nino 

pointed to the builders to erect the church.The workers began to build it.

It means that the workers were the residents and they had already had the 

experience of church building. 

According to “Communications’’of Saint Apostle Andrew which is 

translated by Eqtime Atoneli Saint Apostle Andrew founded the rules 

of Public Worship for the people who were converted to Christianity by 

him.So, Saint Andrew established the first Georgian Apostolic Church 

and founded the rules of worship.ecognition of Christianity as a state 

religion happened in the IV century when at last St Nino conerted oyal 

Family to Christianity. 

The origin of Georgian Apostolic Church is the merit of St apostles 

and we have to learn and respect this fact much more in the future. 

75

goCa kuWuxiZe 

76 

wmida nino da qarTlis moqceva 

qarTlis moqcevis istoria uSualod wmida ninos saxels 

rom ukavSirdeba, amas, `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ redaqciebis, 

berZnul-romauli da somxuri wyaroebis garda, im wyaroTa 

monacemebic cxadyofs, romlebSic wmida nino naxsenebi ar 

aris; es ufro ueWvels xdis, rom wmida ninos cxovrebis 

istoria IX Tu X s-is moRvaweTa Semoqmedebis nayofi ki ar 

aris, rogorc es erTxans iyo miCneuli, aramed, realobaa 

da istoriuli WeSmaritebisagan dacileba moxdeba, Tu 

qarTlis istoriis Seswavlas romelime mkvlevari, CvenSi 

Tu sazRvargareT, wmida ninos saxelTan dakavSirebis gareSe 

Seecdeba. 

Aamjerad yuradRebas gavamaxvilebT wmida grigor ganmanaTleblis 

cxovrebis im arabulsa da berZnul versiebze, 

romlebic, garda somxeTisa, _ qarTlis, lazikisa da, 

erT SemTxvevaSi, alanebisa da durZukebis, meoreSi, _ albaneTis 

moqcevasa da am qveynebSi episkoposebis dadgenas 

Seexeba. 

arabuli redaqcia (Sina ar 460) akad. niko marma 1902 wels 

sinas mTis wmida ekaterines monastris wignTsacavSi aRmoaCina, 

manve gamoaqveyna teqsti da gamokvleva 1905 wels 

(mari 1905). marma ivarauda, rom arabuli Txzuleba berZnuli 

enidan uTargmniaT VII-VIII ss-Si (mari 1905: 182); SemorCenili 

xelnaweri ki IX saukunisaze adreulad ar miiCnia. 

wmida grigoris cxovrebis berZnuli redaqcia prof. 

JerarG garitma gamoaqveyna (gariti 1946), es teqsti XII s-iT 

aris daTariRebuli. 

n. maris mier moZiebul teqsts aklia dasawyisi. 1972 

wels beiruTSi, aseve, sinas mTis wmida ekaterines monastris 

wignTsacavSi, ufro zustad ki, _ xelnawerTa mikrofilmebSi 

a. ter-Revondianma miakvlia sxva arabul, _ 

sruli saxiT SemorCenil teqsts (Sina 455), misi azriT, es 

teqsti da niko maris mier aRmoCenili Txzuleba erTi da 

igive redaqciaa. Nn. maris savsebiT marTebuli SeniSvniT, 

arabuli Zegli berZnuli enidan aris Targmnili, amaze me-

tyvelebs is faqti, rom arabul teqstSi berZnul saxelTa 

daboloebani xSirad formaucvlelad aris gadatanili. 

akad. niko marma wmida grigoris cxovrebis Targmna VII- 

VIII ss-iT ivarauda; a. s. atias katalogis mixedviT (atia 

1955: 15), SemorCenili xelnaweri X saukunisaa; J. garitiseuli 

berZnuli teqsti 1107 wels aris gadawerili; qarTvelTa 

moqcevis Sesaxeb im ucnobi berZnuli redaqciidan 

arabul teqsts zogi iseTi cnoba Semounaxavs, garitiseul 

berZnul xelnawerSi rom ar moipoveba, Tavis mxriv, garitis 

mier aRmoCenil berZnul redaqcias zogi es cnoba, arabuli 

xelnawerisagan gansxvavebiT, SedarebiT gansxvavebuli 

saxiT Semounaxavs. berZnuli da arabuli xelnawerebi 

sxva berZnuli xelnaweridan momdinareobis STabeWdilebas 

tovebs; miCneulia, rom arabuli teqstis Camoyalibebaze 

zegavlena e. w. òqridul cxovrebasac~ mouxdenia 

(afciauri 1987: 39). 

arabul `cxovrebaSi~ Txroba imiT iwyeba, rom somexTa 

mefe Trdatma Tavis qveyanaSi qristianobis moqadage grigors 

warmarTobaze gadasvla mosTxova; uaris miRebis Semdeg 

awama da erT Rrma ormoSi Caagdebina. Semdeg moTxrobilia, 

Tu rogor gadawyvita romis imperatorma dioklitianem 

colis SerTva. Mmas romis erT-erT monasterSi 

mcxovrebi asuli _ rifsime moswonebia; rifsimes da mis 

megobrebs qalwulobis Senaxvis aRqma hqondaT dadebuli, 

_ isini TavianT iRumenia gaianesTan erTad romidan gaqceulan... 

bolos somxeTSi dasaxlebulan. 

amjerad somxeTis mefe _ Trdats moswonebia rifsime, 

qalwuli arc mas danebebia; mefis xelqveiTebs rifsime da 

misi megobrebi wamebiT dauxocavT. Aarabuli versiis Tanaxmad, 

mowameoba 28 oqtombers aRsrulebula, berZnuli versiiT 

_ 26 seqtembers. 

rifsimes wamebis meore dRes Trdat mefes rifsimes 

daRupva Seutyvia da dardisagan daavadebula... mefis das 

xilva hqonia, _ cecxliviT mbrwyinvale kacs misTvis ubr- 

Zanebia, _ wmida grigori mieyvanaT mefesTan... grigori 

marTlac cocxali daxvedriaT, _ ormoSi myofs erTi qali 

awvdida sazrdos... grigors ulocia mefisa da xalxisaTvis, 

romelnic codvaTa Sendobas evedrebodnen, moqceula 

77

da nel-nela gankurnebula mefe... 

somxeTSi warmarTul salocavTa ngreva da maT adgilas 

jvrebis aRmarTva dauwyiaT; Txzulebis am adgilas pirvelad 

xdeba qarTvelTa xseneba. Mmogvyavs arabuli teqstis 

Targmani: `mefe Tirdatma, roca valarsapats miaRwia, br- 

Zana, rom gamocxadebuliyvnen Tavisi samefos mwerlebi da 

ubrZana maT, rom mieweraT werilebi Tavisi saxelmwifos 

mTeli xalxisaTvis, raTa gamocxadebuliyvnen mTavrebi, 

gamgeblebi, winamZRolebi, meTaurebi, mmarTvelebi mefes- 

Tan qalaq valarsapatSi; werilebi [afxazebis mefesTan da] * 

qarTlis mefesTan, werili alanebis mefesTan; auxsna werilebSi 

yovelive, rac Tavs gardaxdaT da uTxra: àmitom 

saswrafod unda CamoxvideT CemTan~. roca Cavida werilebi, 

mivida masTan sami mefe: mefe afxazTa, mefe qarTlisa, 

mefe alanTa, maTTan erTad jgufi mTavrebisa~. 

berZnul teqstSi werilebis gagzavnasTan dakavSirebiT 

ar aris naxsenebi afxazTa mefe. im adgilas ki, sadac gamo- 

ZaxebulTa Casvlazea laparaki, es mefe naxsenebia; naxsenebia 

iberTa mefec, xolo, alanebis mefis nacvlad, albanTa 

mefezea laparaki. sam mefesTan erTad TrdatTan Casula 

somxeTis Teqvsmeti MmTavari. 

Trdatma masTan misulTagan qristes aRiareba moiTxova. 

Aarabuli Txzulebis Tanaxmad, _ `maSin mTavarni da somex- 

Ta krebulni [aRivsnen] SiSiT da, amasTan, sixaruliT da 

maSinve SesZaxes: `Cven WeSmaritad msmenelni varT grigoriusis, 

vendobiT mis sarwmunoebas da SeviswavliT sityvas 

misas, DSevismenT, davmorCildebiT, yovelives viqmT, rasac 

wmidani gvibrZanebs, ganveSorebiT kerpTa Tayvaniscemisagan~, 

_ da wmida grigori Sesdgomia maT ganswavlas. 

daungreviaT kerpis adgil-samyofeli artasatSi, Semdeg 

wasulan qalaq k-s-taÐn-Si, sadac artemides taZari 

daungreviaT; TxzulebaSi sxva taZrebis ngrevazec aris 

laparaki; Semdeg arabul teqstSi naTqvamia: àseve moiqcnen 

agreTve lazebis, qarTlisa da alanebis miwaze da 

Seiqmna yoveli mefe erTi azrisa, rom gaxdeboda Tavmdebi 

Cveni uflis _ qristes sarwmunoebis dacvisa da gandgeboda 

kerpTa Tayvaniscemisagan~... 

* arabul teqstSi sityvebi _ ìla maliqi afxaÐzi va~ (afxazebis mefesTa da) 

n. maris mier aris aRdgenili. 

78

erZnul teqstSi kerpTa ngrevasTan dakavSirebiT arc 

iber-lazebi, arc albanebi da, miT umetes, arc alanebi ar 

arian naxsenebi. 

Semdeg arabul ZeglSi moTxrobilia, rom sxva qalaqeb- 

Sic angrevdnen sakerpoebs: `wmida grigoriusi ubrZanebda 

maT, rom aRemarTaT jvrebi da [sakerpo] taZrebis garSemo 

zRudeebi SemoevloT; ubrZanebda maT, vgulisxmob mefeebsa 

da yvela mmarTvels, rom eklesiebi eSenebinaT sakurTxevlebis 

gareSe, _ imitom, rom maT jer ar hyavdaT 

samRvdeloeba. ubrZanebda maT, rom aRemarTaT jvrebi 

bazrebSi, gzebze, yvela adgilas, raTa gaeyaraT eSmakebi 

im adgilebidan~... rogorc vxedavT, wmida grigori dangreuli 

taZrebis adgilas, samRvdeloebis mosvlamde, 

am redaqciis mixedviT, jvrebs agebda. mas igive urCevia 

sami mefisaTvisac. rogorc Cans, es iyo xis da agreTve _ 

qvis jvrebi, e. w. _ qva-jvrebi, romlebsac qristianobis 

adreul etapze agebdnen xolme; cxadia, teqstis am adgilas 

ùsakurTxevlo eklesiebSi~ aseve jvrebi igulisxmeba, 

oRond _ iseTi jvrebi, romlebic, sxvaTagan gansxvavebiT, 

SenobebiT iyo dafaruli, kedlebiTa da saxuravebiT iyo 

daculi. samRvdeloebis mosvlamde xalxs aq SeeZlo locva, 

samRvdeloebis mosvlis Semdeg jvris adgils sakurTxeveli 

ikavebda, jvari ki Senobis sxva adgilas gadahqondaT 

da amgvar Senobas ukve Cveulebrivi sakurTxevliani eklesia 

ewodeboda. rogorc vxedavT, wmida grigori jvrebs 

somxeTis mraval adgilas agebda da igives gakeTeba qarTvelTaTvisac 

urCevia. Cans, man qarTvelebs ZiriTadad SenobebiT 

Semofargluli jvrebis aRmarTva mouwoda... 

grigori samRvdelo kurTxevisaTvis kesariaSi, _ arqiepiskopos 

leontisTan gamgzavrebula. sebastiaSi didi 

sixaruliT umaspinZliaT misTvis. Semdeg naTqvamia: `wmida 

grigoriusma sebastiidan wamoiyvana mRvdlebi da berebi, 

_ arcTu cotani, raTa somxeTis eklesiebSi mRvdlebad 

gaexada. Mmas Tan hqonda patriarq leontiusis werili, gagzavnili 

sebastiis episkopos petresTan, raTa igi wahyoloda 

[wmida grigoriuss], rom daesva taxtze, rogorc 

saeklesio kanonebi moiTxovs~. 

Semdeg xsenebul ZeglebSi moTxrobilia, Tu rogor 

79

Seegebnen wmida grigoriuss, wmida petresa da maT TanmxlebT 

mefe Trdati da misi ojaxi. berZnuli da arabuli 

versiebis Tanaxmad, mefe Trdats grigorTan Sesagebeblad 

sami mefec Tan uaxlia. 

grigors didZali xalxi mounaTlavs, _ `maTi ricxvi iyo 

samassamocdaaTi aTasi, mefe Tirdati, mefe afxazTa, mefe 

qarTlisa, mefe alanebisa, mravali winamZRoli, xalxTa da 

tomTa mTavrebi, yvela, vinc mis xelTa qveS iyo, mravali 

msaxuri, kacebi, qalebi, ymawvilebi. Mmdinareze safarebi aRmarTes, 

raTa mefeTa colebi Casuliyvnen mosanaTlavad. im 

dros Teqvsmeti arxonti da maTi colebi, vinc naTeliRes 

wmida grigoriusis xelTagan, Rebulobdnen monaTlulebs 

naTlobidan, kacebi kacebs emsaxurebodnen da qalebi _ qalebs. 

Dda idga wmida grigoriusi mdinaris piras da sami mefe 

masTan erTad da winamZRolebi. Dda aRbeWda isini mironiTa 

da jvriT. aiRo mironi da zeTi da Caasxa isini mdinareSi da 

[yovelive] aRsrulda jvris [gamosaxviT]~. 

Semdeg sxvadasxva qveyanaSi sasuliero pirTa gagzavnazea 

laparaki; arabuli Zeglis Tanaxmad, _ `wmida grigoriusma, 

romelic mTeli somxeTis kaTolikosi gaxda, 

moamzada episkoposebi da agzavnida maT somxeTis mraval 

miwaze, da qarTlSi, durZukeTis * qveyanaSi, alanebTan~, 

_ Semdeg ki gagzavnil episkoposTa vinaobaze aris laparaki, 

_ `moiyvana erTi qarTveli kaci, vinc masTan erTad 

sebastiidan Camovida, saxelad ibirbzxua ** , gaxada mitropolitad 

da gagzavna, raTa mas mTel qarTlSi daedgina 

episkoposebi. igi iyo kargi qcevis, keTili, saeklesio 

wignTa mcodne, iyo diakoni, momswre imdrois, roca ormoci 

mowamis nawilebi moipoves, iyo Semkobili WaRariT, 

amitomac moaqcia am xarisxze; da afxazTa qveyanaSi gagzavna 

sofroni, is iyo mRvdeli kapadokiidan. igi iyo mxlebeli 

wmida grigoriusisa; gaxada episkoposad da gagzavna. alanTa 

qveyanaSi gagzavna Toma, _ kaci rCeuli; igi patara 

qalaq satalidan iyo. Eeseni iyvnen, vinc masTan erTad Camovidnen. 

iyvnen wmida wignTa mcodneni~. 

* arab. teqstSi _ `d-r-z-k-ÁaÐT~; 

** teqstSi _ `‘bÁrbzxv~; _ es saxeli sxvadasxvagvari gaxmovanebiT SeiZleba 

iqnas wakiTxuli (abirbazxua, ibirbazaxua da sxva... n. mari am saxelSi megrul 

sityvebs xedavda, _ ibereb skua _ iberTa Svili); 

80

erZnul versiaSi am ambis Sesaxeb asea moTxrobili: 

`wminda grigolma akurTxa episkoposebi da daagzavna didi 

armeniis mTel miwa-wyalze da mTel qveyanaze, agreTve 

moZRvrebic, da sebastielTa qveynidan irenarxe saxeliT, 

mRvdeli da winamZRvari; es irenarxe iyo kaci metad saTno 

sqemiTa da moqalaqeobiT, hqonda didi gamocdileba saRv- 

To werilSi, is ormoc mowameTa wminda neStTa mopovebis 

dros diakvnad iyo sebastiis maSindeli episkoposisa. iyo 

kaci Semkuli WaRariT... xolo lazTa qveyanaSi gagzavna 

sofroni, romelic mRvdlad iyo kapadokiaSi, xolo albaniaSi 

gagzavna Toma~ (georgika 1961: 73). 

Semdeg naxsenebia Zalian bevri mxare, sadac grigori 

episkoposebs agzavnida. Aarabuli xelnaweris avtori ganmeorebiT 

axsenebs afxazTa qveyanas, sadac grigors episkoposi 

gaugzavnia, Semdeg wers: àseve mravali episkoposi 

gagzavna sxvadasxva qveyanaSi da xalxebTan, agreTve gagzavna 

moZRvrebi, _ WeSmariti sityvis swavlebis SemZlebelni. 

da rac [Tavad] wmida grigoriuss Seexeba, man aaSena oTxi 

saepiskoposo araratSi, valarsapatSi, artasatsa da dvinusSi 

da isini Tavisi taxtis qveS moaqcia. da im qveynebs, 

romlebic movixsenieT igi mzrunvelobda * , [igi] erTi xanoba 

mzrunvelobda ** maT da didi somxeTis mefe Tirdats~. 

Semdeg moTxrobilia, Tu rogor eaxlnen wmida grigori 

da Trdati konstantine keisars, rogor xarobdnen bizantiaSi 

somexTa moqceviT, rogor gaimarTa nikeis msoflio 

saeklesio kreba (325 w), rogor ganmartovda grigori manis 

qvabebSi... 

Bbolos arabuli da berZnuli versiebis avtorebs, _ 

orives erTnairad gadaaqvs Tavis teqstebSi winare redaqciebiseuli 

sityvebi, romlebic pirvel pirSia dawerili 

da romlebiTac, Tu somxuri saistorio tradiciiT vimsjelebT, 

grigor ganmanaTleblis cxovrebis pirvelaRmweri 

_ agaTangelosi mkiTxvels amcnobs, rom yovelive, 

rac maT auwya, Tavisi TvaliT aqvs nanaxi, zogi ram ki sarwmuno 

xalxisagan gaugonia, bolos ki locavs maT da adidebs 

* arab. teqstSi _ `ÁaTa‘aÐhada~, _ es aris vulgaruli forma `‘hada~ 

zmnisa; sityva SeiZleboda gveTargmna agreTve rogorc _ `moinaxulebda 

xolme~. 

** teqstSi naxmaria igive sityva _ `ÁaTa‘aÐhada~. 

81

ufals. 

aseTia mokled wmida grigoris cxovrebis arabul-berZnuli 

teqstebis Sinaarsi. 

yuraRdebas iqcevs is faqti, rom xsenebul wyaroTa Tanaxmad, 

roca somxeTSi wmida grigori moRvaweobs, imavdroulad 

qarTlsa da lazikaSic mimdinareobs qristianul 

saxelmwifoTa Seqmnis procesi (teqstebSi naxsenebi albanebisa 

da alanebis Sesaxeb qvemoT gveqneba saubari). 

Qqristianuli eklesiis dafuZnebas, ama Tu im saxelmwifos 

mefis mier qristianobis oficialur religiad 

gamocxadebas win, cxadia, yovelTvis uZRvis mqadageblis 

moRvaweoba; igi fizikurad cxovrobs, fizikurad moRvaweobs 

qveyanaSi, qadagebs axal religias, rasac mefis 

mier am religiis WeSmarit sarwmunoebad aRiareba moyveba 

xolme. 

vin aris is piri, vinc qarTlSi an lazikaSi qristianoba 

iqadaga, aris Tu ara es piri wmida grigor ganmanaTlebeli? 

mkvlevari marina CxartiSvili savsebiT sworad amaxvilebs 

yuradRebas im faqtze, rom arabul ZeglSi wmida grigori 

ar aris warmodgenili qarTlSi moRvawe misionerad (CxartiSvili 

1987: 50-53); marTlac arc arabul da arc berZnul 

teqstSi arsad ar aris naTqvami, rom grigori qarTlSi 

an, miT umetes, lazikaSi Casuliyos da iq eqadagos qristianoba, 

ekurTxebinos eklesiebi. es wyaroebi wmida grigors 

qarTvelTa an albanTa Tu alanTa mqadageblad ar warmogvidgens. 

xsenebul ZeglebSi qarTvelTa da kavkasiis sxva qveyana- 

Ta mqadagebeli ar Cans; ara da teqstebis avtorebi Tavisdauneburad, 

faqtobrivad, warmogviCenen, rom am qveynebSi 

ukve naqadagebia qristianoba. Aaqedan gamomdinare, sarwmuno 

xdeba mosazreba, rom arsebobda arabul-berZnuli versiebis 

winare Soreuli nusxebi, romlebSic naxsenebi iyo 

qarTlisa, da, SesaZloa, aseve, _ lazikis mqadagebelTa 

saxelebi, rom adreul periodSi arsebobda agaTangelosis 

dawerilad miCneuli iseTi istoria wmida grigoris cxovrebisa, 

romelic qarTlis mqadageblis saxels ixseniebda. 

somxuri saistorio tradiciiT, rogorc arabul-berZnuli, 

ise sxva wyaroebis Tanaxmad, agaTangelosia somexTa 

moqcevis istoriis pirvelaRmweri. 

82

agaTangelosisad cnobili amgvari redaqcia rom 

marTlac arsebobda, faqtobrivi monacemebiT dasturdeba 

somexi JamTaaRmwerlis _ movses xorenacis 

nawarmoebiT, romelsac `somxeTis istoria~ ewodeba. 

xorenacisMìstoriidan~ vxedavT, rom im dros, roca somxeTSi 

wmida grigor parTeli moRvaweobda, qarTls Tavisi 

ganmanaTlebeli hyolia, es iyo qali, saxelad `nune~. Turme 

`nunem~ da am qveynis mefe mirianma didad iRvawes qarTlis 

mosaqcevad. am istoriis gadmocemisas CvenTvis erT-erTi 

umTavresi mniSvneloba im faqts aqvs, rom movses xorenaci 

Tavis wyarod agaTangeloss asaxelebs: `gavbedav da vityvi, 

rom mociquli qali gaxda, man iqadaga klarjeTidan 

dawyebuli vidre alanTa da kaspiis karebamde, masquTTa 

sazRvrebamde, rogorc amas agaTangelosi gauwyebs Sen~ 

(xorenaci 1984: 172). Aam sityvebSi igrZnoba teqstis siZvele. 

iqmneba STabeWdileba, rom misi damweri qarTlis gaqristianebis 

axlo periodSi cxovrobs. es is periodia, roca 

somxeTSi jer kargad ver gaucnobierebiaT, ver daujerebiaT, 

rom qarTlSi uCveulo ram moxda, _ aq momaqcevlad, 

sxva qveynebisagan gansxvavebiT, qali moavlina RmerTma, _ 

swored amitom wmida `nunes~ mociqulad aRiareba xorenacisagan 

gansakuTrebul gambedaobas moiTxovs, amitom ambobs: 

`gavbedav da vityvi~... 

xorenacis mier Tavis wyarod agaTangelosis dasaxeleba, 

vfiqrobT, adasturebs, rom odesRac marTlac arsebobda 

agaTangelosis mier Seqmnilad cnobili istoria, 

romelSic grigor ganmanaTlebelis cxovrebis Sesaxeb 

iyo moTxrobili da romelSic moxseniebuli yofila 

agreTve qarTvelTa mqadagebeli `nune~, moniSnuli iyo is 

geografiuli areali, sadac iqadaga `nunem~; Cans, im uZveles 

redaqciaSi `nune~, anu, cxadia, wmida nino, jer ar iyo 

saxeldebuli qarTvelTa mTavarmociqulad, laparaki iyo 

misi qadagebebis Sesaxeb, magram ar iyo dazustebuli, rom 

igi qarTvelTa momaqceveli, maTi mociqulia, winaaRmdeg 

SemTxvevaSi xorenacis ar dasWirdeboda gansakuTrebuli 

gambedaoba misi mociqulobis gacnobierebaSi; iqmneba 

STabeWdileba, rom agaTangelosi marTlac Trdatis Tanamdrove 

iyo da IV s-is dasawyisSi werda Tavis istorias, rom 

83

qarTvelTa mqadageblis Sesaxeb Zalze mokled, dazustebebisa 

da ganzogadebebis gareSe awvdida cnobebs mkiTxvelT; 

am cnobebis wakiTxvam da, rac mTavaria, qarTlis 

axladdafuZnebuli eklesiis am sakiTxTan damokidebulebam, 

agreTve, qarTulma werilobiTma Zeglma `wmida ninos 

cxovrebam~ movses xorenacis gaabedvina da gamoacxadebina, 

rom qarTlSi uCveulo ram moxda, _ aq mTavarmociqulad 

qali moevlina xalxs * . 

rogorc viciT, xorenaci gvauwyebs, Tu rogor gagzavnes 

wmida `nunem~ da mefe mirianma TavianTi delegacia 

somxeTSi wmida grigorTan Sesaxvedrad. `nunesa~ da mefis 

delegacia somxeTSi Sexvedria wmida grigors da am ukanasknels 

xsenebuli delegaciis, anu, xorenacis TqmiT, _ 

`sando kacebis~ saSualebiT `nunesaTvis~ SemouTvlia, rom 

mas daengria kerpebi: `[nunem] miiRo brZaneba, rom moespo 

kerpebi, rogorc es Tavad grigolma qna~ (xorenaci 1984: 

172). 

cxadia, aq sityva `brZaneba~ grigorisadmi pativiscemis 

gamoxatvisa da misi gandidebis mizniT aris naxmari, magram 

amjerad Cven umTavres yuradRebas vamaxvilebT aga- 

Tangelosis Cvenamde mouRweveli naSromis im Sinaarsze, 

romelic xorenacis Semounaxavs; Cans, im naSromSi naCvenebi 

yofila, TuU rogor Sexvda qarTlis samefo delegacia 

grigors, rogor SemouTvala grigorma qarTvelT kerpebis 

dangreva, xorenacisTan SemorCenili cnobis mixedviT, 

grigors qarTvelTaTvis kerpebis adgilas jvris aRmarTva 

urCevia. 

davubrundeT grigor ganmanaTleblis cxovrebis arabulsa 

da berZnul `cxovrebebs~. rogorc vnaxeT, aqac, _ 

kerZod, _ arabul `cxovrebaSi~ naCvenebia, rom qarTlis 

miwaze grigorTan SeTanxmebiT daangries warmarTuli salocavebi, 

rom qarTlis mefem grigorisagan miiRo brZaneba, 

Tavis qveyanaSi dangreuli kerpebis sanacvlod sam- 

Rvdeloebis mosvlamde salocavad xalxisTvis jvrebi 

aRemarTaT. xorenacisTan da arabul-berZnul ZeglebSi 

kargad aris warmoCenili, rom qarTlisa da somxeTis sa- 

* `wmida ninos cxovrebas~ rom utyuari gavlena aqvs moxdenili xorenaciis 

ìstoriis~ 71-e Tavze, am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT ix. CxartiSvili 1987: 30. 

84

mefo wreebi religiur sakiTxebSi SeTanxmebulni yofilan. 

cnobaTa es msgavseba kidev ufro ganamtkicebs azrs, rom 

marTlac arsebobda agaTangelosis uZvelesi nawarmoebi, 

romelSic qarTlis samefo karisa da wmida grigoris urTierTSeTanxmebis, 

warmarTul taZarTa ngrevisa da qristianuli 

jvrebis aRmarTvis Sesaxeb iyo laparaki da romlis 

kvali, erTi mxriv, xorenacis ìstoriam~, meore mxriv, 

arabul-barZnulma teqstebma, gansakuTrebiT, _ arabulma 

Zeglma Semogvinaxa. 

yuradReba mivaqcioT im gansxvavebebs, romlebic aga- 

Tangelosis uZvelesi qronikisa da dRes EDSemorCenili 

arabul-berZnuli 

redaqciebis cnobebs Soris SeiniSneba. 

xorenacisTan SemorCenili agaTangelosiseuli cnobebis 

mixedviT, somxeTSi wmida grigorTan mosalaparakeblad 

Casulan wmida `nunesa~ da mefe mirianis `sando kacebi~, anu 

Casula qarTlis samefo delegacia da, erTi mxriv, wmida 

grigor-Trdatsa da, meore mxriv, wmida nino-mirians Soris 

swored maTi SuamavlobiT momxdara molaparakeba; 

dReisaTvis SemorCenili arabul-berZnuli versiebis 

mixedviT ki somxeTSi Casula ara samefo delegacia, aramed, 

_ Tavad mefe qarTlisa, Tanac es mefe or sxva mefesTan er- 

Tad Zalian adre xlebia Trdats, _ jer kidev manam, sanam 

somxeTSi warmarTuli taZrebis ngrevas daiwyebdnen. 

rogorc vxedavT, agaTangelosis uZvelesi qronikis Sinaarsi, 

romelic, Cans, qarTlis moqcevas, wmida ninosac 

exeboda da rac xorenacis ìstorias~ Semounaxavs, dRes 

Cvens xelT arsebul arabul da berZnul teqstebs Zalian 

Seucvlia; am versiebSi viTareba ise aris warmodgenili, 

TiTqos somxeTSi wmida ninosa da qarTlis mefis delegacia 

ki ara, aramed, TviT qarTlis mefe Casula; agaTangelosis 

uZvelesi redaqciebisuli Sinaarsis aRdgenis Semdeg 

wmida ninosTan dakavSirebuli istoriac iwyebs aRdgenas 

da sruliad cxadi xdeba, rom cnobebi qarTlis mefis somxeTSi 

Trdatis brZanebiT Casvlis Sesaxeb agaTangelosis 

uZvelesi istoriis damaxinjebis Sedegia. 

Aar aris Zneli dasadgeni, Tu rogor moxda es damaxinjeba. 

rogorc Cans, agaTangelosis uZvelesi redaqciis Semdgomma 

xelnawerebma ukve aRar Semoinaxa wmida `nunesa~ da 

85

mirianis saxelebi, aRar SemorCa cnoba maT mier somxeT-Si 

gagzavnili `sando kacebis~ Sesaxeb; magram, rogorc safiqrebelia, 

mogviano drois xelnawerebma Semoinaxa cnoba 

imis Sesaxeb, rom somxeTisa da qarTlis samefo karTa 

Soris SeTanxmeba moxda am qveynebSi samRvdeloebis mosvlamde 

warmarTuli taZrebis dangrevisa da maT adgilas 

jvrebis aRmarTvis Taobaze, Semoinaxa is istoria, romlis 

mixedviTac, wmida grigorma, mas Semdeg, rac igi somxeTSi 

warmarTuli taZrebis ngrevas Seudga, qarTvelT mouwoda, 

rom TavianT qveyanaSi maTac daengriaT warmarTuli 

salocavebi da samRvdeloebis mosvlamde, somexTa darad, 

maTac jvrebi aRemarTaT, rom qarTlis miwaze marTlac 

moxda amgvari movlena... berZnul-arabulis winare romeliRac 

redaqciis avtorma, romelmac gaicno es cnobebi, 

romelmac Seityo, rom qarTlisa da somxeTis mefeTa Soris 

warmarTuli taZrebis dangrevisa da qristianuli salocavebis 

agebis Sesaxeb SeTanxmeba moxda, gadawerisas 

teqstSi, rogorc Cans, `mcire Sesworebebi~ da `dazustebani~ 

Seitana, _ viTareba ise warmoadgina, TiTqos es SeTanxmeba 

somxeTSi qarTlis mefis uSualo, piradi Casvlis 

Sedegad moxda; amgvarad Seiqmna gayalbebuli istoria, 

TiTqos qarTlis mefes gaqristianebis gadawyvetileba ara 

wmida ninos, aramed, mefe Trdatisa da grigor gamnanaTleblis 

uSualo zemoqmedebis Sedegad miuRia. 

`wmida grigoris cxovrebaSi~ CanarTis gakeTebam agaTangelosis 

nawarmoebis is adgili, romelSic Trdatis mier 

Tavisi naxararebis gamoZaxebis Sesaxeb aris laparaki, Sinaarsobrivad 

gaumarTavi gaxada, _ gaugebaria, ratom an 

rogor mimarTavda Trdati ase, _ mefuri brZanebis kilo- 

Ti mezobeli saxelmwifoebis mefeebs: _ `saswrafod unda 

CamoxvideT CemTan.~ 

sanam lazTa da, erTi mxriv, albanTa, meore mxriv, alanTa 

Sesaxeb visaubrebdeT, oriode sityviT SevexoT im 

calkeul cvlilebebs, romlebic agaTangelosis uZvelesma 

cnobebma movses xorenacis ìstoriaSi~ ganicada. 

xorenaci, rogorc aRvniSneT, Cveni azriT, eyrdnoba ara 

mxolod `wmida ninos cxovrebas~, aramed, _ agaTangelosis 

uZveles, Cvenamde mouRwevel teqstsac. wmida ninosTan da 

86

mirian mefesTan dakavSirebuli istoria movses xorenacis 

ìstoriaSic~ damaxinjebulia da es aris Sedegi am ori wyaros 

cnobaTa erTmaneTSi aRrevisa... vityviT konkretulad, 

_ agaTangelosTan, rogorc aRvniSneT, Cans, laparaki 

iyo imis Sesaxeb, rom wmida grigorma qarTvelebs kerpebis 

dangreva da jvrebis aRmarTva SemouTvala; amaze mianiSnebs 

is faqti, rom msgavsi cnobebi Semonaxulia rogorc 

arabul-berZnul wyaroebSi, ise _ xorenacisTan... magram, 

Tu naTqvams ufro davazustebT, maSin unda aRvniSnoT, 

rom xorenaci laparakobs ara saerTod kerpebis, aramed, 

konkretuli sami kerpis _ armazis, gacisa da gas ngrevaze; 

Cans, xorenacim agaTangelosisagan amoikiTxa, rom wmida 

grigorma qarTvelebs kerpebis ngreva da jvrebis aRmarTva 

SemouTvala da, radgan wakiTxuli hqonda `wmida 

ninos cxovrebis~ is adgili, sadac konkretuli sami kerpis 

dangrevisa da, aseve, konkretuli salocavis, _ jvari 

patiosanis aRmarTvis Sesaxeb iyo laparaki, ifiqra, rom 

wmida grigoris `brZaneba~ swored am konkretul kerpebsa 

da jvars Seexeboda. sinamdvileSi, rogorc Cans, grigoris 

`brZaneba~ sul sxva kerpebsa da jvrebs Seexeboda. AarabulberZnuli 

teqstebidan viciT, rom grigori mTeli somxe- 

Tis teritoriaze angrevda kerpebs da agebda jvrebs, rom 

igives gakeTeba urCevia qarTvelTaTvis, e.i. `brZaneba~ 

mTeli qarTlis masStabiT gasakeTebel samuSaos Seexeboda 

da ara _ mcxeTis konkretul sam kerpsa da jvars; xorenaci 

agaTangelosisa da `wmida ninos cxovrebis~ cnobebs 

maTi urTierTmsgavsebis gamo erTmaneTSi urevs, es ki mis 

ìstoriaSi~ araerTi faqtis damaxinjebas iwvevs; aqve unda 

aRiniSnos, rom xorenacisTan erTmaneTSia aRreuli sveticxovelisa 

da jvari patiosanis aRmarTvis istoriebi. igi 

gviambobs qarTlis pirveli qristianuli salocavis agebis 

Sesaxeb, magram aRwers ara sveticxovels, aramed, _ jvari 

patiosans, rac, rogorc am ambebis uSualo momTxrobel, 

_ `wmida ninos cxovrebis~ avtorTagan viciT, pirveli 

salocavi ar yofila, igi samRvdeloebis mosvlis Semdeg 

aRumarTavT. 

Aamrigad, xorenacisTan bevri cnoba saxeSecvlilia, amas- 

Tan, igi wmida grigors, wmida ninosTan SedarebiT, gandi- 

87

debulad warmosaxavs, _ viTareba isea warmodgenili, 

TiTqos wmida ninom Tavis umTavres moZRvarTan gagzavna 

delegacia darigebis misaRebad, maSin, roca, Cans, sruliad 

Cveulebrivi ram momxdara da araferi gansakuTrebuli, 

_ erTi qveynis samefo delegacia meoreSi wasula, 

rogorc amas qvemoT vnaxavT, _ konkretuli sakiTxis gadasawyvetad; 

xorenacisTan wmida grigor ganmanaTlebeli 

gandidebulia (Cans, gandidebulad iqneboda igi warmodgenili 

agaTangelosTanac), magram, miuxedavad amisa, movses 

xorenacis cnobebi, Tu ki maT kritikulad SeviswavliT, 

bevris momcemia. 

rac Seexeba lazTa da albanTa Tu alanTa mefeebs. 

adreul teqstebSi albanebze iqneboda laparaki da ara 

_ alanebze; Tund, Tavi davaneboT im faqts, rom i. kulakovskis 

mixedviT, alanebi 912 w-s gaqristiandnen, am azris 

gasamarTleblad erTi garemoebis gaTvaliswinebac 

sakmarisia, _ Zneli dasajerebelia, rom agaTangeloss 

ise moeTxro wmida grigor ganmanaTleblis istoria, rom 

erTxelac ar exsenebina somxeTis uSualo mezobeli _ albaneTi; 

xolo is faqti, rom arabul versiaSi alanebsa da 

durZukebze aris laparaki, xolo saerTod ar aris naxsenebi 

àlbania~, imaze metyvelebs, rom àlbanTa mefe~ àlanTa 

mefiTaa~ Secvlili. Cven ver vifiqrebT, rom Secvlili 

saxiT SemorCenil arabul xelnawerSi àlanebi~ 

àlbanebis~ sinonimad ar ixmareba, _ imitom, rom am xelnawerSi 

durZukeTia * naxsenebi; `durzukÁaÐT~, rogorc Cans, 

`lazikÁaÐT~-is damaxinjebuli formaa, es Cveni ara, _ J. 

garitis dakvirvebaa (gariti 1946: 222); arabul-berZnul 

ZeglebSi yovelTvis calke aris gamoyofili sami mefe an 

sami qveyana, maT Soris erT-erTi yovelTvis lazTa mefe, an 

lazTa qveyanaa; mxolod erT adgilas lazTa qveynis nacvlad 

durZukeTia naxsenebi; ueWvelia, rom arabuli xelnaweris 

winare teqstis xsenebul adgilas aseve lazikeTi 

iyo naxsenebi da ara _ durZukeTi, winare arabulenovan 

teqstSi ewera `l-z-kÁaÐT~; arabuli teqstis erT-erTma ga- 

* sityva `d-r-z-kÁaÐT~ SeiZleba vTargmnoT, agreTve, rogorc _ `durZukebi~, 

Tu am sityvaSi sufiqsi àÐT~ mravlobiTi ricxvis niSania, magram Cven mxars 

vuWerT aq qarTuli èT~ sufiqsis wakiTxvas, imitom, rom mr. ricxvis niSnad 

teqstSi yovelTvis ufro gavrecelebuli ùÐna~ sufiqsia gamoyenebuli. 

88

damwerma, Cans, gadawerisas Secdoma dauSva, _ sity-vis dasawyisSi 

`laÐm~ _ `daÐl~-ad amoikiTxa, ifiqra, rom teqst-Si 

ewera gaugebari sityva _ `d-z-kÁaÐT~ da igi `d-r-z-kÁaÐT~-iT 

Secvala; ueWvelia, rom SemorCenili teqstis winare romelime, 

aseve, arabul teqstSi durZukeTis nacvlad lazike- 

Ti yofila naxsenebi. 

ramdenad marTalia cnoba, TiTqos qarTlis mefesTan er- 

Tad somxeTSi albaneTisa da lazikis mefeebic Cavidnen? 

somxeTis mefe, rogorc qarTlis mefes, ise arc albaneTisa 

da lazikis xelisufalT ar mimarTavda aseTi mbrZanebluri 

kiloTi: `saswrafod unda CamoxvideT CemTan~... 

teqstis am adgilas stilze dakvirveba cxadyofs, rom 

teqstSi ara mxolod qarTlis mefis Sesaxeb aris CarTuli 

cnoba, aramed, mTeli is winadadebaa Camatebuli, romel- 

Sic sami mefis gamoZaxebazea laparaki. davukvirdeT arabuli 

teqstis qarTul, _ am SemTxvevaSi sityva-sityviT 

Sesrulebul qarTul Targmans: `brZana, rom gamocxadebuliyvnen 

Tavisi samefos mwerlebi da ubrZana maT, rom mieweraT 

werilebi Tavisi saxelmwifos mTeli xalxisaTvis, 

raTa gamocxadebuliyvnen mTavrebi, gamgeblebi, winamZ- 

Rolebi, meTaurebi, mmarTvelebi mefesTan qalaq valarsapatSi. 

werilebi [afxazebis mefesTan da] qarTlis mefes- 

Tan, werili alanebis mefesTan, auxsna werilSi yovelive, 

rac Tavs gardaxdaT da uTxra: amitom saswrafod unda 

CamoxvideT CemTan.~ aq stilze dakvirveba cxadyofs, rom 

aSkarad gamoirCeva sxva winadadebebTan TiTqos erTgvarad 

daukavSirebeli winadadeba: `werilebi [afxazebis mefesTan 

da] qarTlis mefesTan, werili alanebis mefesTan~; 

es winadadeba amovardnilia saerTo wyobidan, Tavis mxriv 

erTiania, mTliania, Sekrulia, magram sxva winadadebeb- 

Tan mimarTebaSi arabunebrivad zis; rom amoviRoT es winadadeba 

teqstidan, maSin yovelive bunebriv saxes miiRebs, 

_ Trdatma gadawyvita gaqristianeba da werilebi miswera 

Tavis naxararebs, UubrZana, _ saswrafod CamodiTo; arabul 

teqstSi kargad moCans CanarTi winadadeba, berZnuli teqsti 

am SemTxvevaSi Zalian axloa arabulenovan teqstTan da 

stilze dakvirveba igive daskvnebis gakeTebis saSualebas 

mogvcems. 

89

Aarabul Zeglze dakvirveba saSualebas gvaZlevs, davazustoT, 

Tu rogori iyo agaTangelosis uZvelesi qronika. 

Aarabul teqstSi, mas Semdeg, rac naxararebTan Trdat mefis 

saubris, xolo Semdeg somxeTSi warmarTul taZarTa 

ngrevis dawyebis Sesaxeb aris moTxrobili, mas Semdeg, rac 

naTqvamia, rom somxeTis qalaq valarsapatSi da mere qalaq 

k-s-taÐnSi warmarTuli taZrebi daangries, rogorc vnaxeT, 

naTqvamia, rom àseve moiqcnen agreTve lazebis, qarTlisa 

da alanebis miwaze da Seiqmna yvela mefe erTi azrisa~... Semdeg 

naCvenebia, rom grigori brZanebda jvrebis agebas, rom 

mefeebs ubrZanebda, _ maTac, sanam samRvdeloebas miiRebdnen, 

TavianT qveynebSi jer jvrebi aegoT... Tu ki agaTangelosis 

uZveles nawarmoebSi raime ewera somex-qarTvelTa 

Sexvedris Sesaxeb, maSin unda miviCnioT, rom masSi cnoba am 

Sexvedris Sesaxeb somxeTSi warmarTuli taZrebis dangrevis 

cnobis Semdeg iyo motanili; jer ewera, rom somxeTSi 

wmida grigorma warmarTuli taZrebi daangria da maT adgilas 

jvrebi aago, Semdeg ki naTqvami iyo, rom wmida grigorma 

wmida `nunesa~ da mirian mefis mier somxeTSi gagzavnil 

`sando kacebs~ igives gakeTeba urCia... roca SemorCenil 

arabul xelnawers vukvirdebiT, gveqmneba STabeWdileba, 

rom agaTangelosis uZveles nawarmoebSi swored qalaq 

valarsapatsa da Semdeg ki k-s-taÐnSi sakerpoebis dangrevis 

cnobis Semdeg ewera imis Sesaxeb, rom somxeTSi wmida 

`nunesa~ da mirian mefis `sando kacebi~ Cavidnen, rom maTi 

saSualebiT wmida grigorma wmida `nunes~ SemouTvala, rom 

qarTlSic daengriaT warmarTuli taZrebi da samRvdeloebis 

mosvlamde jvrebi aegoT. amis Semdeg ki, rogorc Cans, 

NnaCvenebi iyo, rom qarTvelebma TavianT qveyanaSi marTlac 

daiwyes warmarTul taZarTa ngreva... vfiqrobT, sityvebi: 

àseve moiqcnen agreTve lazebis, qarTlisa da alanebis 

miwaze da Seiqmna yvela mefe erTi azrisa~, _ mcireodeni 

cvlilebiT swored uZvelesi redaqciidan momdinareobs, 

amaze metyvelebs Tundac dasavleT saqarTvelos Zveli, _ 

me-4 s-is droindeli saxelwodeba. safiqrebelia, rom aga- 

Tangelosis uZveles redaqciaSi swored somxeTis qalaq 

k-s-taÐnSi artemides taZris dangrevis cnobas mohyveboda 

ambavi wmida ninosa da mirianis delegaciis wmida grigor- 

90

Tan da TrdatTan Sexvedris, qarTvelTaTvis warmarTul 

taZarTa ngrevisa da maT adgilas jvarTa aRmarTvis rCevis 

Sesaxeb da, rogorc arabuli teqsti migvaniSnebs, aq naTqvami 

iyo, rom oTxi qveynis mefe Seiqmna erTi azrisa, rom 

iqnebodnen qristianeni, daangrevdnen warmarTul taZrebs 

da samRvdeloebis mosvlamde, jrebs aRmarTavdnen. 

uZvelesi teqstis Semdgomi drois gadamwerebma, rogorc 

iTqva, Cans, cnobebi nel-nela Secvales, rogorc Cans, daikarga 

zusti cnobebi ara mxolod qarTlis mqadageblisa da 

maTi mefis, aramed, albaneTisa da lazikis mqadagebelTa 

Tu mefeTa Sesaxebac; SemorCa cnoba mxolod imis Taobaze, 

rom am qveyanaTa xelisufalni Seikribnen da SeTanxmdnen 

sakerpoebis ngrevisa da jvrebis aRmarTvis Taobaze; SemdgomSi, 

Cans, erT-erTma gadamwerma, _ iman, vinc qarTlis 

mefe somxeTSi Trdatis naxararebTan erTad gamoZaxebiT 

gamocxadebulad warmogvidgina, somxeTSi Casulebad 

warmogvisaxa albaneTisa da lazikis mefeebic, amisaTvis 

sakmarisi iqneboda raime cnoba imis Taobaze, rom SeTanxmebaSi 

monawileoba qarTlisa da albaneTis xelisuflebamac 

miiRo, umciresi niuansic ki miscemda imis sababs, 

rom somxeTSi Casulebad warmoesaxa ara mxolod qarTlis, 

aramed, lazikisa da albaneTis mefeebic; yovelive aman ki 

gazRaprebuli istoria mogvca, _ viTareba ise warmoCnda, 

rom Trdatis daZaxilze, rogorc misi qveSevrdomebi, albaneTisa 

da TviT lazikis mefeebic ki cxaddebodnen xolme, 

risi dajerebac sruliad SeuZlebelia misTvis, vinc IV 

s-is kavkasis istorias odnav mainc icnobs. SemdgomSi erTerT 

gadamwers wmida grigori Crdilo kavkasiis moqcevas- 

Tanac ki daukavSirebia. 

rac Seexeba sameulis Sesaxeb momdevno CanarTebis gakeTebas, 

es istoriis gamyalbeblisaTvis erTi CanarTis 

gakeTebis Semdeg ukve advili saqme iyo; man Tu erTxel Se- 

Zlo mkiTxvelis imaSi darwmuneba, rom samma mefem Tavis 

mociqulad wmida grigori aRiara da aRTqma dado, _ esmina 

misi qadagebebi, Semdeg ukve advilad SeZlebda imis 

mtkicebasac, rom albaneTis, qarTlisa da lazikis mefeebi 

SemdgomSi marTlac Sexvdnen wmida grigors da naTelic 

misgan iRes. Yyalbi istoriis Semqmnelma mefeTa sameuli 

91

moixsenia jer im adgilas, sadac wmida grigoris dabrunebazea 

laparaki, viTareba ise daxata, rom Trdat mefes wmida 

grigorTan Sesagebeblad Tavis xelqveiTebTan erTad 

Tan wauyvania sami mefe (arabul teqstSi erT-erT mefed 

dasaxelebulia `maliq al-r-v-s~; `r-v-s~ Cven gavaxmovaneT 

rogorc `ru’uÐs~ da sityvebi vTargmneT rogorc èrisTav- 

Ta mTavari~, * es aris oficialuri tituli, romelic lazikis 

patrikioss me-7 saukunidan mieca (narkvevebi 1973: 18); 

Jerar garitis marTebuli SeniSvniT, arabuli xelnaweris 

`maliq al-r-v-s~ `maliq al-l-z-v-n~-s (lazTa mefe) damaxinjebul 

formaa (gariti 1946: 222); rogorc Cans, SemorCenili 

arabuli teqstis avtorma Tavis winare teqstSi, imis 

gamo, rom arabuli SriftiT dawerili es sityvebi sakmaod 

hgavs erTmaneTs, `maliq al-l-z-v-n~-s nacvlad SecdomiT 

amoikiTxa `maliq al-r-v-s~, ifiqra, rom aq lazTa mefe 

Tavisi oficialuri tituliT aris moxseniebuli da amitom 

teqstSi daamkvidra sityvebi _ èrisTavTa mTavari~); 

Semdeg, rogorc zemoTac aRvniSneT, sami mefe naTlobis 

epizodSia moxseniebuli: `wmida grigoriusma wamoiyvana 

xalxi da gaemarTnen mdinare evfratze, maTi ricxvi iyo 

samassamocdaaTi aTasi: mefe Tirdati, mefe afxazTa, mefe 

qarTlisa, mefe alanebisa, krebuli darbaislebisa. wmida 

grigoriusi idga mdinaris piras da sami mefe masTan er- 

Tad~... arabuli redaqciidan moxmobil am epizodebSi sami 

mefis Semoyvana Zalze sqematur da ararealur STabeWdlilebas 

tovebs. berZnul-arabuli redaqciebis garda, mefe- 

Ta es ganuyreli sameuli naTlobis epizodTan dakavSirebiT 

arcerT versiaSi ar aris moxseniebuli, aq ki Semoyvanilia 

sameuli da Zalze ararealurad; _ Zalze Zneli 

warmosadgenia, rogor axerxebda es sameuli sul ase er- 

Tad yofiliyo da Trdatis mier gamoZaxebisTanave masTan 

* n. mars es sityvebi esmoda rogorc `rusTa mefe~, rac mraval gaugebrobas 

badebda. iv. javaxiSvils am sakiTxze msjelobisas `rusTa mefis~ xsenebis 

Semdeg kiTxviTi niSani aqvs dasmuli (javaxiSvili 1979: 229); aq rusebze ar 

aris laparaki. sityva `r-v-s~-Si `vaÐv~_is Tavze igulisxmeba niSani `hamza~ da 

amitom gauxmovanebel teqstSi `r-v-s~ unda wavikiTxoT rogorc `ru‘uÐs~ da 

ara _ `ruÐs~, rac niSnavs `mTavrebs~ an èrisTavebs~ da ara _ rusebs. Ggaugebroba, 

Cans, gamoiwvia iman, rom klasikur arabul teqstSi sityva `ra‘s~ (mTavari) 

mravlobiT ricxvSi umetesad ori `vaÐv~-iT gvxvdeba xolme, magram aris 

SemTxveva, roca es sityva erTi `vaÐv~-iT aris warmodgenili (margvelaSvili 

1981: 13). 

92

gaCeniliyo. Aarabul da berZnul redaqciebSi sxva pirebi 

sakmaod damajereblad arian daxatulni, naCvenebia maTi 

xasiaTis sxvadasxva mxare, sameuli ki realurobis aravi- 

Tar niSans ar amJRavnebs. aSkaraa, rom sameulis Sesaxeb istoriis 

SemTxzvels Tavis winare redaqciebSi araferi aqvs 

wakiTxuli maTze, ar icnobs maT pirovnebebs, amitom wers 

mxolod sqematuri, ararealuri sameulis Sesaxeb. 

rac Seexeba wmida grigoris mier qarTlSi, lazikasa da 

albaneTSi sasuliero pirTa gagzavnis sakiTxs (adreul 

teqstebSi rom sasuliero piris albaniaSi gagzavnaze 

iqneboda laparaki, es albaT, mtkicebas aRar saWiroebs); 

upirvelesad gavarkvioT, _ ra erqva qarTlSi gagzavnil 

pirovnebas, _ ibirbzxua Tu irenarxosi? 

Mmisi saxeli, cxadia, rom, iyo irenarxosi, irenarxe da 

ara _ ibirbzxua an sxva ram msgavsi. Jerar gariti ìbirbzxuas~ 

irenarxes damaxinjebul formad miiCnevs da igi 

savsebiT marTalia. ìbirbzxua~ aris arabuli teqstis 

arabuladve gadamweris Secdomis Sedegi. Aarabuli `baÐ~ da 

`Áot~, `baÐ~ da `nuÐn~, `zaÐl~ da `raÐ~ erTnairi moxazulobisaa, 

maT erTmaneTisagan mxolod wertilTa ganlageba 

ganasxvavebs; Cans, teqstis gadamwerma wertilebi erTmaneTSi 

auria, amasTan, sityvis dasawyisSi àlifis~ Semdeg 

ori wertilis nacvlad sami wertilis arseboba igulisxma, 

e. i. àlifis~ momdevno bgerad `baÐ~ warmoidgina, amitom 

winare, aSkaraa, rom, _ arabulsave redaqciaSi dawerili 

àirinarxua~-s nacvlad, amoikiTxa iseTi sityva, romelic 

arabul teqstSi ase daamkvidra: _ ’bÁrbzxv’... garda imisa, 

rom es sityva SeiZleba gavigoT rogorc _ ìberTa Svili~, 

sxvadasxva gaxmovanebiT aq SeiZleba amovikiTxoT: _ ìbir 

bazaxua~, `bazaxva~, `baZaxua~, an Tundac, _ `baZaRua~... es 

sityva ìber abazxis~ asociaciasac iwvevs; magram sruliad 

ueWvelia, rom am pirovnebis namdvili saxeli iyo irenarxe, 

rac berZnulma teqstma Semogvinaxa. 

vin iyo irenarxosi, ra mizniT unda wamosuliyo qarTlisaken, 

rogor unda gavigoT fraza, romlis mixedviTac, irenarxoss 

mTel qarTlSi episkoposebis dadgena evaleboda, 

unda gavigoT Tu ara yovelive martivad, _ ise, TiTqos 

wmida grigorma es pirovneba qarTlis episkoposad daniSna 

93

da mas, Tavis mxriv, mTeli qarTlis masStabiT episkoposTa 

daniSvna daavala? 

am kiTxvebze swori pasuxis gasacemad gavixsenoT, rom 

xsenebuli periodSi, e. i. IV s-is I naxevarSi episkoposebi ki 

ar iniSnebodnen, aramed, _ irCeodnen; ama Tu im saydarSi 

moRvawe sasuliero pirebi TavianT Soris amoirCevdnen 

xolme Sesaferiss da mas saydris winamZRolobas, _ episkoposobas 

avalebdnen; YTu amis saWiroebas ukve grZnobdnen, 

saerTo problemebidan gamomdinare, irCevdnen xolme 

mTavarepiskopossac, visac ramdenime episkoposi eqvemdebareboda, 

qmnidnen saepiskoposoebs. dedaqalaqSi moRvawe 

episkoposs mitropoliti ewodeboda. 

Aarabul TxzulebaSi arsad ar weria, rom ìbirbzxua~ 

romelime saydarSi moRvawe sasuliero pirebs TavianT 

winamZRvrad SeerCioT da episkoposad ekurTxebinoT, weria 

mxolod, rom wmida grigorma mitropolitad `gaxada~ 

igi; sofronisa da Tomas Sesaxebac amgvari sityvebia naxmari: 

`gaxada episkoposad~... Zneli misaxvedri ar aris, rom 

agaTangeloss iseTi pirovnebebis Sesaxeb dauweria, romlebsac 

mxolod wodeba hqondaT episkoposobisa, magram 

ar gaaCndaT realuri xelisufleba da romlebic IV s-is 

dasawyisSi sakmaod bevrni iyvnen. isini qristianobis Cveulebrivi 

mqadagebeli misionerebi iyvnen, romlebic erTi 

qveynidan meoreSi mimodiodnen. IV s-Si eklesiam SemoiRo 

mitropolitis uxelisuflebo wodeba (lebedevi 1905: 

202); es imas niSnavda, rom pirovnebas hqonda wodeba, SeeZlo 

qadageba, swavleba, magram ar iyo romelime kaTedris 

gamgebeli, mis saqmeTa warmmarTveli, materialur problemaTa 

meurve da sxva; magram imis gamo, rom iyo niWieri, 

Zlieri qadagebis SemZle, Zlieri maswavlebeli, romelime 

damsaxurebuli moRvawisagan eniWeboda es wodeba, rac sapatio 

wodebac iyo da misgan sxvaTa ganswavlis uflebis 

miniWebasac gulisxmobda. vfiqrobT, irenarxosi, sofroni 

da Toma swored aseTi, _ mxolod wodebis mqone mitropolit-episkoposebi 

iyvnen, hqondaT episkoposis wodeba, 

magram ar gaaCnaT realuri xelisufleba romelime kaTedraze, 

maTi saqmianoba ZiriTadad qadagebebiT, damoZRvriTa 

da swavlebebiT ganisazRvreboda, isini erTi qveynidan 

94

meoreSi mosiarule misionerebi iyvnen, aseTi misioneri 

imxanad bevri iyo... agaTangelosTan, Cans, ewera, rom sami 

qveynis mefes rCeva misca wmida grigorma, am sam qveyanas 

Tavisi zrunva ar moaklo; rogorc qarTul wyaroTaganac 

vnaxavT, Cans, misionerebs mravalgan agzavnida wmida grigori, 

_ agaTangeloss sam qveyanaze gansakuTrebulad 

hqonia yuradReba gamaxvilebuli. 

ras niSnavs arabuli Zeglis sityvebi, romelTa Tanaxmadac, 

ìbirbzxuas~ episkoposebi unda daedgina mTel 

qarTlSi? 

Cven Zalian mkafiod unda gavacnobieroT erTi faqti: 

im dros, roca ìbirbzxua~ qarTlSi moemgzavreba, aq ukve 

mosulia mravalricxovani samRvdeloeba, ukve cxovroben 

is mRvdlebi, romlebic episkoposebad unda moevlinon 

mTel qveyanas; winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi gaugebaria, rogor 

an visgan unda daadginos ìbirbzxuam~ episkoposebi mTel 

qarTlSi? ìbirbzxuas~ qarTlSi gamomgzavrebis dros, 

rac, am versiis Tanaxmad, sul cota nikeis krebamde (325 w) 

xdeba, qarTlSi ukve mosulia samRvdeloeba da ukve iwyeba 

episkoposebis dadginebis, maTi arCevisa da kurTxevis procesi. 

erTi mxriv, eseni arian adgilobrivi qristianuli 

Temebidan gamosuli pirovnebebi da, meore mxriv, cxadia, 

_ kons-tantine keisris mier gamogzavnili mRvdlebi da 

diakvnebi. konstantinem, rogorc `qarTlis cxovrebodan~dan 

vi-ciT, qarTlSi orjel gamogzavna samRvdeloeba, 

pirvelad gamogzavna `mRvdeli WeSmariti iovane episkoposad 

da mis Tana mRdelni orni da diakonni samni~ (qar- 

Tlis cxovreba 1955: 115), xolo meored _ `mRdelni da 

xuroni friad mravalni~ (iqve, 117); pirveli Camosvlisas, 

rogorc Cans, moxda saepiskoposod warmogzavnili iovanes 

arCeva da Semdeg kurTxeva masTan erTad Camosuli ori 

mRvdlisa da sami diakvnis, agreTve, _ adgilobriv qristianTa 

mier (Tu efrem mcires verwmunebiT, mTavari xeldamsxmeli 

evstaTi yofila... Tu yovelive nikeis krebamde 

moxda, maSin, cxadia, roca qarTvelTa pirveli patriarqi 

akurTxa, evstaTi antioqiis patriarqi jer ar yofila (ioanes 

evstaTis mier xeldasxmulad miiCnevs vaxtang goilaZe); 

meore Camosvlisas ki mTel qarTlSi iwyeba eklesiaTa 

95

Seneba da iq gamwesebuli mRvdlebi irCeven episkoposebs. 

im dros, roca ìbirbzxua~ qarTlSi modis, aq ukve mosulia 

mravalricxovani samRvdeloeba, dawyebulia mTel 

qarTlSi episkoposTa arCevis procesi. 

ra roli unda Seesrulebina am dros qarTlSi ìbirbzxuas~, 

anu _ irenarxoss? cxadia, rom igi, rogorc gamocdili 

moRvawe, momaval episkoposTa SerCevasa da maT ganswavla- 

Si monawileobis miRebas SesTavazebda Tanamemamuleebs, 

qarTlisa da somxeTis eklesiaTa megobruli urTierTobebisaTvis 

izrunebda... 

sofroni da Tomac, Cans, msgavsi misiiT iyvnen gagzavnilni 

mezobel qveynebSi, isinic misionerebi iyvnen (Tumc, 

CvenTvis ucnobia, ra Rvawli gaswia kavkasiis qveynebSi gagzavnilma 

am samma pirovnebam; Cavidnen Tu ara, saerTod, 

xsenebul qveynebSi)... wmida grigor parTeli, rogorc Cans, 

didad iRvwoda ara mxolod somexTaTvis, aramed, imisaTvis, 

rom kavkasiis qveynebis eklesiaTa Soris megobruli 

urTierToba yofiliyo. SesaZloa, amiTac unda aixsnas 

is faqti, rom wmida grigori qarTvelTaTvis sayvareli 

pirovneba iyo da qarTul werilobiT wyaroebSi mas xSirad 

didi pativiscemiT ixseniebdnen. 

Cvens mier zemore warmodgenili msjelobis simarTles 

ramdenime Zveli wyaro ufro ganamtkicebs. 

somexi YJamTaaRmwerlis _ uxtanesis Tanaxmad, wmida 

grigorma sxvadasxva mxareSi sul oTxasi episkoposi gagzavna. 

misi TqmiT, am oTxasidan ocdacameti mosaydre episkoposi 

yofila, xolo danarCenebi iyvnen usaydro episkoposebi 

(adonci 1905: 324). vin arian usaydro episkoposebi? 

cxadia, _ isini, visac mxolod wodeba aqvT episkoposobisa, 

magram ara _ realuri xelisufleba, romelTa Sesaxebac 

ukve visaubreT. Zneli saTqmelia, ramdenad realuria 

uxtanesis mier dasaxelebuli ricxvebi, magram Cans, rom 

usaydro episkoposebi bevrni yofilan. 

is faqti, rom wmida grigori sxva qveynebSi mqadageblebisa 

da maswavleblebis gagzavniT iyo ganTqmuli, Cans 

grigor ganmanaTleblis cxovrebis qarTuli redaqciidanac: 

`ganhmzadna Soris qalaqisa da ganawesna moZRvarni da 

maswavlelni [...] da ganvides qadagni brZanebiTa grigoli- 

96

saÁTa, raTa yovelTa qalaqTa moiyvanebden missa SvilTa 

maTTa somexni igi da aswavebden werilsa da wurTasa saRmr- 

ToTa wignTasa. esreT ukue ara xolo somxiTi gareSeicva 

mis mier qadagebaman, aramed, sparseTi da asureTi da midni 

da romelTa igi unnon uwodian. amaT yovelTaganni tkbilsa 

mas uRelsa qristessa moiyvanna erni mravalni~ (cxoreba 

1920: 43). 

im azris gansamtkiceblad, rom wmida grigoris ka- 

Tedras kavkasiis sxva qveynebis saeklesio kaTedrebi ar 

eqvemdebareboda, arabuli Zeglidan moviyvanT kidev erT 

ad-gils, romelic zemoT ukve davimowmeT; jer naxsenebia 

Zalian bevri mxare, sadac wmida grigori episkoposebs agzavnida, 

Semdeg weria: àseve mravali episkoposi gagzavna 

sxvadasxva qveyanaSi da xalxebTan, aseve gagzavna moZRvrebi, 

_ WeSmariti sityvis swavlebis SemZlebelni. rac Seexeba 

[Tavad] wmida grigoriuss, man aaSena oTxi saepiskoposo 

araratSi, valarsapatSi, artasatsa da dvinusSi da 

isini Tavisi taxtis qveS moaqcia; da im qveynebs, romlebic 

movixsenieT, igi mzrunvelobda, [igi] erTi xanoba mzrunvelobda 

maT da didi somxeTis mefe Tirdats~... teqstis am 

adgilis mixedviT, wmida grigors TviT somxeTSic marto 

oTxi saepiskoposo eqvemdebareboda, sxva qveynebisa da 

mxareebis kaTedrebTan ki mxolod megobroba akavSirebda. 

Tund, davuSvaT, rom zmna _ `ÁaTa‘aÐhada~ unda gveTargmna 

rogorc _ `moinaxulebda xolme~, ZiriTadi azri mainc igive 

rCeba. safiqrebelia, rom es aris adreuli redaqciebidan 

SemorCenili winadadebebi, romlebidanac kargad Cans, 

Tu rogori urTierToba iyo IV s-is dasawyisSi kavkasiis 

qveynebis eklesiaTa Soris. 

rogorc vxedavT, im wyaroTa Tanaxmad, romlebic uSualod 

wmida ninos ar eZRvneba, imgvari istoria isaxeba Cvens 

Tvalwin, ueWveli xdeba qarTlis moqcevaSi umTavresi 

Rvawli swored wmida ninos rom miuZRvis. amis Semdeg `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁ~-s obieqturobaSi eWvis Setana sruliad 

usafuZvlo xdeba. 

wmida nino, Tu movses xorenacis verwmunebiT, somxeTSi 

ar Sesula, igi rifsimeanebs somxeTis sazRvrebTan Camoscilda 

(xorenaci 1984: 177). amasTan dakavSirebiT, yurad- 

97

Rebas gavamaxvilebT `wmida ninos cxovrebiseul~ erT epozodze: 

roca rifsimeanebi awames, nino èkalTa Sina vardisaTa~ 

damalula, qarTvelTa momavali mociquli SesCivis 

RmerTs: ùfalo, ufalo, rad damiteob me Soris aspitTa 

da iqedneTa?~ da aseT pasuxs Rebulobs: èsreT iyos waryvanebaÁca 

Seni, odes-ege ekali, romeli, Sensa garemoÁs 

ars, yovelive iqmnas vardis furcel da surnel Sen mier~ 

(Zeglebi 1964: 115); aq ismeba kiTxva, _ ras niSnavs sityvebi 

`Sen mier~, rogor unda ayvavdes vardi wmida ninos mier? 

rogorc vnaxeT, warmarTTagan damaluli qarTvelTa 

momavali mociquli ufals ekiTxeba, Tu rodemde datovebs 

mas igi àspitTa da iqedneTa Soris~; Zneli misaxvedri ar 

aris, rom àspitebsa~ da ìqedneebSi~ warmarTebi igulisxmebian; 

sityva ìqedne~ saxarebaSic aris naxsenebi, _ iovane 

naTlismcemeli ase mimarTavs farisevelTa da sadukevelT: 

`naSobno iqedneTano, vin giCuena Tquen sivltolaÁ mermisa 

misgan risxvisa?~ (m. 3,7; ix. aseve _ 12,34; 23,33; l. 3,7); 

aseTive metaforulobiT unda gavigoT sityvebi, romelTa 

Tanaxmadac, èkali~ `wmida ninos mier~ unda ìqmnas vardis 

furcel~, _ aq igulisxmebian warmarTebi, romlebic ninom 

unda moaqcios... sxvagvarad sruliad gaugebaria, _ rogor 

unda gaiSalos vardi wmida ninos mier... werilis am monakveTSi 

siaxles ar vambobT, _ am SemTxvevaSi Cvenze adre 

gamoqveynebuli mosazrebis mxardaWeras gamovxatavT, _ 

savsebiT marTalni arian qeTevan bezaraSvili da bernar 

kuli, roca weren: `cxadia, rom `brZamli mayulisaÁ~ (igive 

ekliani buCqi), sadac cxovrobs nino da aRmarTavs jvars, 

warmoadgens warmarTi xalxis simbolos, romelic man unda 

moaqcios da gaanaTlos. /am saxes exmaureba kidev erTi saxe 

ninos cxovrebidan, romelsac aseTive antiTeturi konstruqcia 

aqvs. Aaq kidev ufro cxadia urTierTmimarTeba 

warmarT xalxsa da qristian ganmanaTlebels Soris, radgan 

igi iqvea ganmartebuli: me davSTi ekalTa Sina vardisaTa, 

rameTu vardi da nuSi yuaoda mas Jamsa~. zeciuri xma ganumartavs 

ninos am simbolos da misi misiis mniSvnelobas: 

òdes ege ekali, romeli Sensa garemoÁs ars, yovelive iqmnes 

vard mewamul da surnel Sen mier~ (kuli, bezaraSvili 

2001: 68)... èklebi~ warmarTi adamianiebis simboloa. 

98

es epizodi istoriografiisaTvis axali informaciis 

momcemi xdeba. Cans, rom wmida nino warmarTTa Soris imaleba. 

mas is warmarTebi unda malavdnen, romlebsac Sinaganad 

aqvT sikeTe, magram romlebSic jer àr gafurCqvnila~ 

es sikeTe, sikeTis nayofi jer ar gamouRia maT suls, 

_ es mxolod wmida ninos mier, masTan urTierTobis Semdeg 

moxdeba. es epizodi 90-e fsalmunTan amJRavnebs siaxloves, 

_ ufali daicavs warmarTTa Soris myof ninos sa- 

SiSroebisagan (àspitTa da vasiliskossa zeda xÂdodi da 

dasTrguno Sen lomi da veSapi~, _ 90, 13)... 

SesaZlebelia, Tu ara, _ dazustdes, _ konkretulad 

sad imaleba nino? xsenebuli qarTuli wyaroebis Tanaxmad, 

TiTqos sruliad naTlad gamomdinareobs is azri, rom wmida 

nino Trdat mefis `samoTxeSi~, baRSi, Sesula, sadac Semdeg 

awames rifsimeanebi da nino ki `vardis buCqSi~ damalula; 

aseT SemTxvevaSi safiqrebeli xdeba, rom uSualod Seswrebia 

netari nino rifsimeanTa wamebas da misi dammalavi 

warmarTebic Zalian Sors ar yofilan, vityviT ase, _ movlenaTa 

centridan. movses xorenacis mixedviT ki, rogorc 

iTqva, wmida nino ar Sesula somxeTSi, aramed, _ megobrebs 

somxeTis sazRvrebTan Camocilda (xorenaci 1984: 177); am 

SemTxvevaSi unda vifiqroT, rom nino rifsimeanelTagan 

dacilebula maSin, roca mis megobrebs awamebdnen da, radgan, 

rogorc maTTan erTad namyofs, aseve moeloda saSiSroeba, 

igi, SesaZloa, somxeTis sazRvrebidan arcTu Zalian 

dacilebuli, adgilobriv warmarTebs daumalavT. Tuki am 

azrs gaviziarebT, maSin `wmida ninos cxovrebis~ dadgenil, 

_ Satberdul da WeliSur teqstebSi punqtuaciis niSnebis 

gadaadgileba gaxdeba saWiro, _ am SemTxvevaSi teqsti ase 

unda dadgindes: `warmovemarTeniT da gamovediT areTa 

somxiTisaTa. samoTxesa mas Sina Trdat mefisa igini imart- 

Âlnes masve Tuesa pirvelsa, dResa paraskevsa, xolo me 

davrCi ekalTa Sina vardisaTa~. 

e. i. teqstidan iseTi azri unda gamovitanoT, rom netari 

nino somxeTis mxareebisaken, somxeTis sazRvrebisaken 

(àreTa somxiTisaTa~) warmomarTula, magram Trdat 

mefis baRSi da, saerTod, somxeTSi, ar Sesula da somxeTis 

sazRvrebTan axlos myofi marTlac adreve Camocilebia me- 

99

gobrebs. aseT SemTxvevaSi movses xorenacisTan da qarTul 

wyaroebSi Semonaxuli cnobebi erTmaneTTan TanxmobaSi 

modis. Satberdul-WeliSuris winare redaqciebSi es azri 

ufro gamarTuli winadadebebiT iqneboda gamoxatuli. 

ar aris SeuZlebeli, rom realur eklis buCqTan dakav- 

Sirebuli faqti marTlac moxda, rom erT-erTi devnis dros 

ninom realurad gamoiyena ekliani buCqebi samalavad, isic 

ar aris saeWvo, rom mirian mefis baRSi realuri `mayvlovani~ 

iyo ninos sacxovrisis garSemo, magram hagiografebi 

faqtebs xSirad imgvarad gadmogvcemen xolme, rom am 

faqtebma movlenaTa ganzogadebis saSualeba mogvces da 

saxismetyvelurad sxva movlenebzec migvaniSnos. 

somxeTSi wmida ninos Sesvlasa Tu arSesvlasTan dakav- 

SirebiT SeiZleba SemogvekamaTon, _ gviTxran, rom `wmida 

ninos cxovrebaSi~ garkveviT aris naTqvami, Tu rogor xedavda 

`vardis buCqSi~ damaluli nino rifsimes, gaianesa 

da sxva asulebis mokvdinebas. 

magram aq unda gaviTvaliswinoT erTi garemoeba, _ `ninos 

cxovrebis~ Satberdul da WeliSur redaqciebSi wmida 

ninos sulieri xilvis Sesaxeb aris laparaki, _ nino gviambobs, 

Tu rogor ixila zecad aRmavali sulebi wamebulebisa... 

wmida nino ambobs, rom ixila, Tu rogor adiodnen caTa 

siRrmeSi wamebuli asulebi, rogor iyo am dros warmarT- 

Tagan damaluli èkalTa~ Soris. Cans, igulisxmeba, rom 

wmidanma Seityo da sulieri mzeriT ixila, Tu ra gardaxda 

Tavs mis megobrebs; hagiografiul TxrobaSi sizmari, cxadi, 

sulieri xilva, fizikuri movlena, _ yvelaferi erT 

mTlian realobad warmoidgineba da es garemoeba aucileblad 

unda iqnas gaTvaliswinebuli, Tuki hagiografiidan 

istoriuli faqtebis mopovebas veswrafviT. 

arabul-berZnuli Zeglebis Seswavlis Semdeg `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁ~-s saistorio mniSvneloba ufro izrdeba, _ am 

wyaroebis kritikuli Seswavlis Semdeg dasturdeba, rom 

swored wmida nino aris qarTvelTa mociquli. `wmida ninos 

cxovreba~ Zalze faseuli Zeglia rogorc saistorio, ise 

wmidad literaturuli TvalsazrisiT... 

bolos am Zeglis redaqciaTa urTierTmimarTebis sakiTxsac 

SevexebiT. 

100

`wmida ninos cxovreba~ XII s-Si gadaumetafrasebiaT; 

anderZSi am redaqciis avtorad moxseniebulia `beri 

arseni”. 

XIII s-Si `beri arsenis~ naSromis safuZvelze ucnob 

avtors sxva redaqcia Seuqmnia. arsenma qarTvelTa ganmanaTleblis 

cxovrebis aRmweri teqstebi sakmaod Secvala, 

radgan miaCnia, rom Zvel redaqciebSi qarTlis moqcevis 

istoria `TanaaRreulad sweria~, _ `romelime TÂT 

mis wmidisagan miTxrobilad, romelime mefisa mirianisagan, 

sxuaÁ iakob mRdelisagan, sxuaÁ abiaTarisagan, sxuaÁ 

kualad sidoniaÁsgan, garna winaÁ ukuana da ukuanaÁ war~ 

(Zeglebi 1971: 51). avtoris azriT, `wmida ninos cxovrebis~ 

Zveli redaqcia (`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s meore nawili), Tu 

Tanamedrove terminiT vityviT, kompoziciurad gaumarTavi, 

amdenad, _ `mkiTxvelTaTÂs friad sawyino iyo da msmenelTaTÂs 

uÃmar da ver sacnaur~ (Zeglebi 1971: 51). eklesiaSi 

sakiTxavad, aseve, gamouyeneblad miuCneviaT leonti 

mrovelis mier `mefeTa cxovrebaSi~ Setanili `cxovreba 

wmida ninosi~ da amitom Seqmnila metafrasuli redaqcia. 

arsenis sityvebi upirveles yovlisa, albaT, `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁ~-s meore nawilis e. w. WeliSur redaqcias gulisxmobs, 

romelic XIV s-is (qrestomaTia 1946:Q 215) xelnawerma 

Semogvinaxa. erTi SexedviT, swored es redaqcia 

tovebs iseT STabeWdilebas, rom `winaÁ~ ukan aris moqceuli 

da ùkuana~ win. Sesavali Satberduli redaqciis (X s.) 

msgavsad iwyeba: `da odes-igi wmidaman srbaÁ TÂsi aRasrula 

sarwmunoebasa“ zeda wmidisa samebisasa netarman dedakacman 

nino, romeli gueqmna maxarebel gulTa CuenTa da embaz 

sulTa da ÃorcTa CuenTa, guauwya Cuen mamakacebr erTarsebaÁ 

wmidisa samebisaÁ~ (Zeglebi 1964: 98)... saubaria wmida 

ninos Rvawlze, naTqvamia, rom man `ganaSuena CrdiloÁ 

ese queyanaÁ~ da àrwmuna yovelTa~ sameba, rom qristesia 

`sufevaÁ ukuniTi ukunisamde da mermeca, amen~ (Zeglebi 

1964: 99). Semdeg uecrad `soji dedoflis~ Sesaxeb iwyeba 

Txroba: `da iyo maTve JamTa Sina mirian mefisaTa, raJams 

moinaTla soji dedofali da mis Tana mTavarni mravalni 

Ãelsa Sina ninoÁssa bods Sina~ (Zeglebi 1964: 98); Semdeg weria: 

`guakurTxen, mamao, amen!~ _ da iwyeba Txroba imis Sesa- 

101

xeb, Tu rogor àRiZra SuriTa saRmrToÁTa da surviliTa 

sionisa kaTolike eklesiisaTa~ soji dedofali; rogor 

warmoemarTa mcxeTisaken Tayvaniscemad `wmidisa sionisa 

da wmidisa maxarebelisa, mociqulTa sworisa ninoÁsa~ 

(Zeglebi 1964: 98). garkveviT ar aris naTqvami, Tu romeli 

qveynis dedofalia `soji~. igi gzaSi aRTqmas debs, rom 

daba bodi RmerTs, eklesias, unda Seswiros. etlis gverdiT 

fexSiSveli modis. mdinaris gamoRmiT mdgaran `mTavarepiskoposi 

da yoveli eri~ (Zeglebi 1964: 100), romelnic 

dedofals aCerebdnen, _ surdaT, misken gadasuliyvnen, 

magram dedofali, saxedarze amxedrebuli, TviTon gadmosula 

maTTan meore napirze, sadac, sasuliero pirTa garda, 

daxvdnen `mefenica da salome uJarmoeli dedofali~ 

(Zeglebi 1964: 100), aseve, _ `dedofali~ peroJavri. yvelas 

eklesiaSi ulocnia. sojim mefesa da mTavarepiskoposs 

wmida ninos werili misca, _ sanam mefesTan Camovidoda, 

manamde, Turme, bodSi wmida ninosTan iyo namyofi (ùwinares 

miwevnul iyo mun winaSe wmidisa ninoÁssa~). wmida nino 

mefes weriliT atyobinebs, rom movlo mravali mxare da 

bevri warmarTi moaqcia. Semdeg wers: `xolo me esera moviwie 

queyanasa kuxeTisasa da dabasa bodisasa. da aw Ãsenebulmca 

ars dedofali ege soji, rameTu aRiZra ege SuriTa 

saRmrToÁTa dalewad kerpTa da moqcevad erisa maTisa 

saerisTavoÁsa. da waravlinna mswrafl sivnieTad Zmisa da 

asulisa da guaspuragnad stereonissa. da moiyvanna igini 

da naTels-iRes yovelTa bods Sina da icnes RmerTi~ (Zeglebi 

1964: 101). da wmida nino amcnobs mefes, rom Tavisi 

aRsasrulis Jami movida, eubneba: _ `me dResa dauRamdebi~ 

(am sityvebis maRalpoeturobaze yuradReba revaz siraZes 

aqvs gamaxvilebuli) _ da sTxovs, gaugzavnon mas mwyemsTmTavari. 

aRwerilia, Tu rogor tiroda yvela da adidebda 

RmerTs, rogor mouwoda abiaTar mRvdels àstiron mTavarman 

guaspuragnelman farulad~ da hkiTxa, Tu rogor 

moinaTla igi, _ yofili huria. naCvenebia, rom abiaTarma 

uqadaga mas, rom àstiron~ mTavari (misi saxeli zogjer 

moxseniebulia rogorc _ àstrion~) àdidebda RmerTsa 

yovelTa sakvirvelebaTa misTaTÂs~ (Zeglebi 1964: 104). 

102

Semdeg WeliSur redaqciaSi uecrad `dedofal sojis~ 

Sesaxeb Txroba wydeba da saqadageblad wmida ninos mimosvlaze, 

bodSi Casvlasa da mis iq dasneulebaze iwyeba 

saubari: `da viTarca movlo wmidaman da sanatrelman nino 

sanaxebi ese qarTlisaÁ~... _ da Semdeg es teqsti ZiriTadad 

emTxveva `moqcevaÁ~-s meore nawilis Satberdul redaqcias, 

_ naTqvamia, rom wmida nino `miiwia queyanasa kuxeTisasa, 

dabasa, romelsa hrqvan bodisi~... ninosTan mravali 

morwmune Seikriba; salome ujarmeli da peroJavr sivnieli, 

aseve, _ `yovelni mTavarni~ ninos Tavisi cxovrebis 

moyolas evedrebodnen. sanam netari ninos Txroba daiwyeba, 

naTqvamia, rom `mswrafl moixunes sawerelni~ (igulisxmeba, 

rom _ salomem da peroJavrma) da wmida ninos 

monaTxrobis Caweras Seudgnen. netari nino pirvel pirSi 

saubrobs, _ igi mSoblebis, Tavisi bavSvobis, qarTlSi 

Semosvlis Sesaxeb gviambobs. Semdeg wmida ninos Txroba 

wydeba da qarTlis moqcevis ambavs, aseve, pirvel pirSi 

misi mowafeebi: sidonia, abiaTar da iakob mRvdlebi agr- 

Zeleben. boloSi CarTulia `wigni, romeli dawera mirian 

mefeman qarTlisaman Jamsa sikudilisa misisasa~ (Zeglebi 

1964: 157), misi anderZi _ SvilisaTvis dawerili (Zeglebi 

1964: 162). mefe mogviTxrobs, Tu rogor gaanaTla igi wmida 

ninom. didi wuxiliT aris saubari netari ninos aRsrulebasa 

da mis dakrZalvaze. mefis anderZis win moTavsebulia 

iakob mRvdlis mier moTxrobili _ `jvari patiosanis aRmarTvis 

istoria~. aqve iakobi gvamcnobs, Tu rogor gaemarTa 

wmida nino saqadageblad, _ `xarebad pirutyuTa 

saxeTa maT kacTa da Semusrvad kerpTa maTTa. xolo mcxe- 

Tas Sina dauteva mRdeli abiaTar huria, romeli-igi iyo 

meore pavle~ (Zeglebi 1964: 152). Semdeg weria, rom huriani 

aiZulebdnen `mefesa, raTa ara SeZran bagini igi, vidreRa 

ara gamoCenil iyo axali madli queyanasa amas, taZarsa mas 

Sina iyo saxeli saukunoÁsaÁ mis~ (Zeglebi 1964: 152). 

Satberdul teqsts WeliSurisagan (laparakia vrcel 

redaqciaze), calkeuli adgilebis gansxvavebulobisa da, 

zogierT SemTxvevaSi, naklulovanebis garda, ZiriTadad, 

is ganasxvavebs, rom masSi `mirianis wignis~ win CarTulia 

`jvari patiosanis aRmarTvis istoria~ (Zeglebi 1964: 153- 

103

157). Tu soji dedoflis istoriasa da wmida ninos werils 

ar miviRebT mxedvelobaSi, TiTqmis msgavsia Sesavalic 

(Zeglebi 1964: 98)... msgavsia sxva adgilebic... 

aris Tu ara WeliSuri an Satberduli teqstebi gaumar- 

Tavi? maT Sinagan mxares Tu davakvirdebiT, aseTi STabeWdileba 

maSinve gagviqreba. `wmida ninos cxovreba~ kompoziciurad 

kargad Camoyalibebuli nawarmoebia, rac 

mSvenivrad aqvs warmoCenili Tavis naSromSi marina CxartiSvils 

(CxartiSvili 1987: 12); qarTlis moqcevis istorias 

sxvadasxva piri gviambobs. Txrobis siuJeturi xazi 

gamarTulia. wignis avtorebad Tavad wmida nino da, masTan 

erTad, qarTvelTa moqcevis istoriis sxva mTxrobelebi 

da teqstTa sxva avtorebi gvevlinebian. ZeglSi Setanilia 

mirian mefis `wigni~ Tavisi moqcevis Sesaxeb, rac Satberdul-WeliSurma 

redaqciebma nawarmoebis mTliani teqstidan 

gamoyofilad Semogvinaxa da romelic, rogorc 

am werilis saTauridan Cans, mirianma Tavisi aRsasrulis 

Jams Casawerad mTavarepiskoposs ukarnaxa da salome 

ujarmels misca (Zeglebi 1964: 157). salome ujarmeli, _ 

yovelives `mecnieri~, rogorc teqstebidan Cans, yofila 

erT-erTi redaqtori `wmida ninos cxovrebisa~, rac Seexeba 

saboloo redaqcias, igi teqsts iman gaukeTa, vinc 

salomes qarTlis moqcevasTan dakavSirebuli yvela movlenis 

mcodne, _ `mecnieri~ uwoda. `wmida ninos cxovrebis~ 

SemdgenelTa mizani is aris, rom nawarmoebSi Txrobis 

sworxazobrivi siuJeti ar dairRves. sxvadasxva pirovnebam 

qarTlis moqcevasTan dakavSirebuli erTi an ramdenime 

ambavi unda mogviTxros. SeiZleba Txrobisas am movlenebisagan 

qronologiurad sakmaod daSorebul ambebze 

gadaitanos sityva, zogma, SesaZloa, piradi gancdebi gadmosces, 

sxvisi naTqvami gaimeoros, magram yvela ambavi da 

teqsti imgvarad unda iqnas gamoyenebuli, rom Txrobis 

mTliani siuJeturi xazi da, saerTod, _ nawarmoebis kompozicia 

gamarTuli iyos. marTalia, teqstebSi jer ninos 

dasneulebazea laparaki da mxolod amis Semdeg iwyeba misi 

bavSvobisa da qarTlSi Semosvlis ambebis gadmocema, mar- 

Talia, qarTlis moqcevis istorias sxvadasxva pirovneba 

gviambobs, magram Txroba savsebiT gamarTulia da nawar- 

104

moebs swored aseTi Sesavali aniWebs momxibvlelobas. 

rogorc aRvniSneT, WeliSuri teqstis dasawyisSi saqadageblad 

netari ninos mimoslvazea laparaki, Semdeg 

soji dedofalze iwyeba Txroba, sojis epizodis bolos 

ki isev ninos mimoslvaze grZeldeba saubari. miuxedavad 

amisa, ar arsebobs safuZveli miviCnioT, rom sojis epizodi 

teqstSi mogvianebiT aris CarTuli (am sakiTxze ix. 

axali varianti: 1-2; _ ix. SeniSvna 2...), gamarTul kompozicias 

arc sojis epizodi ar arRvevs, piriqiT, _ es epizodi 

Zalian uxdeba nawarmoebs, misi organuli nawilia; metic, 

_ vfiqrobT, kompoziciurad yvelaze ufro gamarTuli _ 

WeliSuri redaqciaa. 

WeliSuri, _ vrceli redaqciis dasawyisSi, rogorc 

vnaxeT, naTqvamia, rom `netari da sanatreli nino~, `romeli 

gueqmna maxarebel gulTa CuenTa da embaz sulTa da 

ÃorcTa CuenTa~ [...], ara daayena dedobrivman bunebaman~... 

Semdeg mTxrobeli Tavad wmida ninos mimarTavs: àrca uZlurebaman 

ÃorcTaman dagabrkola gzaTa maT slvad ficxelTa 

da ZnelTa~ (Zeglebi 1964: 98); avtori dasZens: `vi- 

Tarca dedakacsa visme SvilT-moyuaresa warhpara vinme 

Svili sayuareli [...] da siyuarulisa misisagan aRiZris da 

ganmartnis, viTarca orbman frTeni TÂsni da bralebiT 

rbin da eZiebn da hkiTxavn yovelTa mogzaurTa gzasa mis 

queyanisasa, sada-igi uwyebul ars yofaÁ Svilisa TÂsisaÁ, 

egreTve wmidaÁ ese da sanatreli dedakaci ikiTxvida 

qalaqsa amas Cuensa da eZebda Ãsnasa sulTa CuenTasa~ (Zeglebi 

1964: 98)... 

saocari dinamikiT aris aq yovelive aRwerili, TiTqos 

yvelaferi amoZravebula, TiTqos vgrZnobT, Tu rogori 

didi madli modis qarTlisaken. 

moiswrafvis netari nino, modis mcxeTisaken, ise moiltvis 

Cvensken, rogorc dakarguli Svilebisaken deda, rogorc 

warwymeduli cxvrisaken keTili mwyemsi... 

sakiTxavis am nawilSi Txrobis es Zalumi dinamika imisaTvis 

aris gamoyenebuli, rom mTeli arsebiT SevigrZnoT, 

rogori didi macocxlebeli suliereba moedineba `CrdiloeTis 

qveyanisaken~. 

avtori gvixatavs Cvensken momaval wmida ninos, rome- 

105

lic àra daayena dedobrivman bunebaman, arca uZlurebaman 

ÃorcTaman~ daabrkola `gzaTa maT slvad ficxelTa da 

ZnelTa~ da wignis yuradRebiT kiTxvis SemTxvevaSi iseTi 

SegrZneba gveufleba, rom madli, sinaTle, aRmadginebeli 

suliereba CvenSic Zalian Zlierad Semodis. 

qarTlisaken ganmacxovelebeli sulierebis wamosvla 

brwyinvaled aqvs daxatuli avtors. magram saWiroa 

gviCvenos, rom adamiani TviTonac didi ZaliT, _ RvTisagan 

aRZruli STagonebiT unda iswrafodes masTan wamosuli 

ganmacocxlebeli sulierebisaken, unda miegebos misTvis 

momaval madls; da swored yovelive amis Cveneba aqvs 

dasaxuli miznad avtors maSin, roca gviambobs, Tu rogor 

àRiZra SuriTa saRmrToÁTa da surviliTa wmidisa sionisa 

kaTolike eklesiisaTa [...] dedofali ege soji~ da rogor 

`warmoemarTa xilvad da Tayuaniscemad wmidisa sionisa da 

wmidisa maxarebelisa, mociqulTa sworisa ninoÁsa~ (Zeglebi 

1964:99). moiswrafvis wmida nino qarTlSi da mTeli 

arsebiT miiltvis misken dedofali soji... 

Sinagania is dinamika, nawarmoebSi rom igrZnoba. wyali 

adidebula, igi TiTqos win eRobeba sojis. sanam mdinareze 

gadavidoda, dedofali `tiriliT iareboda kidesa mdinarisasa~ 

(iqve) (rogor hgavs am adgils xalxuri leqsi: 

ìareboda dedai~...); gaocebulia am dedoflis mayurebeli 

xalxi (Zeglebi 1964: 100). dedofali adidebul mdinareze 

gadadis, mSvidobiT aRwevs meore napirs da Semdeg yvelani 

eklesiisaken miemarTebian... 

zemoT vnaxeT, rom netari ninos werilSi qarTlis sxvadasxva 

mxareSi mimoslvazea laparaki: `movle sanaxebi qarTlisaÁ~, 

`moviwie queyanasa kuxeTisasa~, _ dinamiuria 

Txroba, RvTaebrivi madli TiTqos qveynis yvela mxares, 

iqiT-aqeT, mTel samefoSi mimoedineba. nawarmoebSi naTqvamia, 

rom sojim `waravlinna mswrafl sivnieTad Zmisa da 

asulisa da guaspuragnad stereonisa da moiyvanna igini~; 

stereon (àstiron~) mTavari abiaTar mRvdels TavisTan 

mouwodebs, raTa misgan ganaTleba miiRos... wmida nino br- 

Zanebs: `movides dedofali ese soji~, `moaSureviT Cemda 

wmidaÁ ege mamadmTavari~, _ sul moZraoba, mimosvlis suraTebi 

ixateba irgvliv... 

106

sojis epizodis dasasruls weria: `viTarca movlo wmidaman 

da sanatrelman nino sanaxebi ese qarTlisaÁ~ (Zeglebi 

1964: 104) _ da Semdeg Txroba ukve Satberduli teqstis 

msgavsad grZeldeba, _ naTqvamia, rom netari nino `miiwia 

queyanasa kuxeTisasa, dabasa, romelsa hrqvan bodisi, dasneulda 

sneulebiTa~ (Zeglebi 1964:104). sityvebi: `movlo 

[...] sanaxebi ese qarTlisaÁ~ _ pirdapir exmianeba ninos mier 

werilSi naTqvams: `me movle sanaxebi qarTlisaÁ~, _ uSualo, 

organuli kavSiri myardeba Txrobis zeda nawilTan. 

vfiqrobT, sruliad naTlad Cans, Tu ra Zlieri eqspresiiT 

aris es teqsti dawerili da rogori siRrmiseulobiTaa 

erTmaneTTan dakavSirebuli sxvadasxva epizodi, 

Txroba bunebrivi da Tanamimdevrulia. sakiTxavi mqadagebels, 

mociquls eZRvneba da nawarmoebi isea dawerili, rom, 

sanam uSualod ninos cxovrebis gadmocema daiwyebodes, 

avtors saWirod miaCnia, jer is dagvixatos, Tu rogori 

madli datrialebula netari ninos qarTlSi SemosvliT. 

modioda igi da miskenac iswrafvodnen. mSvenieria ori 

epizodis Sepirispireba: _ qarTlSi momavali nino da mis 

mier mogvrili madlisaken mswrafveli suji; mcxeTaSi momavali 

netari nino Svildakargul, Svilis maZebar dedas 

hgavs, rogorc bavSvi dedis ZuZusken, ise iltvis ninosken, 

aseve, mcxeTaSi mimavali dedofali soji. sxvadasxva dros 

momxdari ambebia aq aRwerili, magram urTierTSemxvedri 

moZraobis daxatviT avtori qmnis efeqts, rom erTmaneTisaken 

iswrafodnen wmida nino da misi `dakarguli Svilebi~, 

am SemTxvevaSi, _ `soji dedofali~. sainteresoa, rom, 

roca avtori `sojis~ mcxeTisaken momavalad gvixatavs, 

maSin nino mcxeTaSi ar aris, _ bodSi imyofeba. TiTqos ur- 

TierTSemxvedri moZraobis efeqti ar unda Seiqmnas. magram 

am efeqts mainc aRwevs avtori, radgan mkiTxvelisaTvis 

gasagebia, rom mcxeTisa da sveticxovelisaken swrafva 

wmida ninos sulierebasTan miaxloebis survilsac niSnavs. 

raTa es kargad gvagrZnobinos da urTierTSemxvedri moZraobis 

efeqtic didostaturad Seqmnas, avtori aseT, _ 

moulodnel winadadebasac ki wers: _ mcxeTisaken `dedofali 

igi soji warmoemarTa xilvad da Tayuanis-cemad 

wmidisa sionisa da wmidisa maxarebelisa, mociqulTa 

107

sworisa ninoÁsa~ (Zeglebi 1964: 99), _ nino TiTqos bodSia, 

magram, radgan mcxeTis sionSi, e. i. sveticxovelSi misi 

sulierebac trialebs, iq salocavad misvla wmida ninos 

Tayvancemasac niSnavs. amaze migvaniSnebs avtori, roca 

brZanebs, rom soji mcxeTisaken `warmoemarTa xilvad... ninoÁsa~. 

droisa da sivrcis iseTi pirobiTobaa aq aRwerili, 

Tanamedrove modernist mwerlTanac rom iSviaTad Segvxvdeba... 

es aris brwyinvaled gamarTuli teqsti. 

Sesavlis pirvelsaxe Tavad saxarebaa. saxarebaSia naCvenebi, 

rom, sanam macxovari xalxis ganswavlas daiwyebdes, 

jer iovane naTlismcemelTan, xolo Semdeg Tavad messias- 

Tan iswrafvian adamianebi, _ momavali mowafeebi da 

mociqulebi... 

xsenebul sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT, yuradRebas erTi 

garemoeba iqcevs: Satberdul redaqciasa da `mefeTa cxovrebaSi~ 

wmida ninos werili naxsenebic ki ar aris, araferia 

naTqvami `dedofal sojis~ mier am werilis bodidan 

mcxeTaSi wamoRebis Sesaxeb. erTi mxriv, cxadia, rom aseT 

mniSvnelovan cnobebs xsenebul teqstebSi, an maT winare xelnawerebSi 

aravin gaaqrobda, meore mxriv, Cven ar gvaqvs safuZveli 

miviCnioT, rom es cnobebi yalbia. `mefeTa cxovrebisa~ 

da Satberduli redaqciis winare teqstebSi ar gaqreboda 

aseTi mniSvnelovani cnobebi, WeliSurSi ki, saeWvoa, 

_ yalbad gaCeniliyo... aqedan gamomdinare, safiqrebeli 

xdeba, rom adreul periodSi erTmaneTisagan damoukideblad 

`wmida ninos cxovrebis~ ori iseTi redaqcia yofila 

Camoyalibebuli, romelTagan erTSi araferi iyo naTqvami 

bodidan weriliT momavali, mdinareSi gabedulad Sesuli 

dedoflis Sesaxeb da meoreSi ki iyo aseTi cnobebi. am 

sakiTxs qvemoTac mivubrundebiT... 

axla cota ufro vrclad visaubroT leonti mrovelis 

`mefeTa cxovrebaze~, romelSic `wmida ninos cxovrebac~ 

aris Setanili. 

leonti mroveliseul teqstSi, sanam ninos cxovrebis 

moTxroba daiwyebodes, weria: `pirvelad vaÃsenoT 

cxovreba wmidisa da netarisa dedisa Cuenisa da yovlisa 

qarTlisa ganmanaTlebelisa nino mociqulisa, romeli-ese 

TÂT manve netarman mogÂTxra Jamsa aRsrulebisa misisasa, 

108

omeli aRwera morwmuneman dedofalman salome ujarmelman, 

Zis colman mirian mefisaman, asulman Trdat somexTa 

mefisaman~ (qarTlis cxovreba 1955: 72). Semdeg aqac naTqvamia: 

`da iyo maT JamTa Sina, odes wmida giorgi kabadukieli 

iwama~... _ WeliSuri redaqciisagan gansxvavebiT, soji 

dedoflis epizodis gareSe, gadmocemulia qarTlis moqcevis 

TiTqmis igive istoria, rac Satberdul-WeliSur 

teqstebSia, oRond, ufro detalurad aris moTxrobili 

saqadageblad ninos wasvlis Sesaxeb... 

Cans, leonti mroveli Satberdul redaqcias eyrdnoba. 

swored es unda Yiyos mizezi, rom mis teqstSi sojis epizodi 

da wmida ninos werili ar moipoveba. leonti mrovelis 

`mefeTa cxovrebaSi~ ninoseuli Txroba pirveli piridan 

mesameSia gadatanili; Tumc, ninos mowafeTa naambobi, am 

mxriv, Seucvlelad aris gadawerili, _ maTi monaTxrobi 

pirvel pirSia darCenili. aRsaniSnavia, rom mrovelis 

teqsti Satberduli redaqciis CvenTvis ucnobi xelnawerebidan 

momdinareobs. mrovelTan araerTi iseTi cnobaa 

Semonaxuli, rac CvenTvis cnobil Satberdul xelnawerebSi 

ar gvxvdeba; amasTan, bevri faqti daufaravad aris 

gadmocemuli. mag., leontisTan vxedavT, rom warmarTTagan 

zogs ar miuRia qristianoba da sacxovreblad sxvagan 

gadasula... 

`mefeTa cxovrebaSi~ Satberduli redaqciis kompozicia 

gadakeTebulia. qarTlis sxvadasxva mxareSi netari ninos 

mimosvlaze ara Sesaval nawilSi, aramed, _ nawarmoebis 

boloSi aris laparaki. leonti mroveli, rogorc Cans, 

cdilobda, rom TxrobisaTvis saistorio nawarmoebisaTvis 

bunebrivi Tanamimdevruloba, epikuroba mieniWebina. 

leonti mrovelis teqstSi Txroba rom ufro empiriuli 

faqtebis gadmocemiT, JamTaaRmwerlis toniT iwyeba, es 

kargad Cans pirvelsave winadadebaSi: `pirvelad vaÃsenoT 

cxovreba wmidisa da netarisa dedisa Cuenisa da yovlisa 

qarTlisa ganmanaTlebelisa~ da a. S. leonti mroveli meistoriea 

da JamTaaRmwerlis stiliT mogviTxrobs im ambebs, 

rac Satberdul `ninos cxovrebaSi~, romelic, mTlianad 

Tu ara, misi nawilebi mainc, eklesiaSi sakiTxavad aris Seqmnili, 

ufro amaRlebuli toniT aris moTxrobili. Cven 

109

ver miviCnevT, rom leonti mrovelis winare teqstSi SeiZleba 

ase, _ ufro saistorio stilSi yofiliyo Txroba 

dawyebuli. safiqrebelia, rom im teqsts iseTive Sesavali 

hqonda, rac Cven Satberdulma redaqciam Semogvinaxa. SeiZleba 

isic davuSvaT, rom leonti mrovels miaCnda, TiTqos 

cnobebi bodSi ninos Casvlasa da mis iq dasneulebaze Satberduli 

redaqciis Sesaval nawilSi winare teqstTa bolo 

nawilidan iyo gadmotanili da àsworebda~ teqsts. magram, 

vfiqrobT, teqsts `Sesworeba~ ar sWirdeba, _ savsebiT 

bunebrivia, rom adreul teqstebSi Txroba bodSi netar 

ninosTan xalxis Sekrebisa da sneuli ninos mier Tavisi 

cxovrebis Txrobis epizodiT yofiliyo dawyebuli... ase- 

Ti Sesavali amSvenierebs nawarmoebs, _ jer gaxsenebulia, 

Tu rogor modioda qarTlisaken wmida nino, Semdeg ki misi 

cxovrebaa gadmocemuli... 

axla ki arsenis metafrasul `cxovrebaze~ davubrundeT 

saubars. 

rogorc vxedavT, arsenis winaSe yofila, erTi mxriv, 

daaxloebiT, an zustad iseTi teqsti, rogoric WeliSuria, 

romelSic wmida ninos werili aris motanili da `sojis~ 

epizodia moTxrobili, meore mxriv, SesaZloa, igi icnobda 

Satberdul teqstsac, icnobda `mefeTa cxovrebas~. mas arsebuli 

teqstebi eklesiaSi sakiTxavad ar moswons da arsen 

beri amitom axal teqsts qmnis. masTan sxvadasxva mTxrobeli 

aRar Cans. arseni jer qveynad uflis mosvlaze, mociqulTa 

moRvaweobaze laparakobs, Semdeg iwyebs wmida ninos 

cxovrebaze saubars. ninos bavSvobis, qarTlSi Semosvlis, 

qveynis moqcevis, eklesiaTa Senebisa da sxva ambebis moyolis 

Semdeg gviambobs, Tu rogor wavida netari nino saqadageblad 

`mTeulebTan~... igi, leonti mrovelis msgavsad, 

`Tanamimdevrulad~ gadmoscems faqtebs, magram, `mefeTa 

cxovrebisagan~ gansxvavebiT, mas ukve mTeli nawarmoebi 

mesame pirSi aqvs gadatanili. stili, cxadia, metafrasulia 

da ara _ saistorio. 

yuradRebas iqcevs is faqti, rom metafrasul `cxovrebaSi~ 

saerTod aRar aris naxsenebi iseTi mniSvnelovani 

pirovnebis saxeli, rogoric salome ujarmelia, _ igi, 

vinc uSualo monawileoba miiRo `wmida ninos cxovrebis~ 

110

SedgenaSi, vinc `mecnier iyo yovelsave WeSmaritad~ (Zeglebi 

1964: 157). 

WeliSur redaqciaSi naxsenebia `salome uJarmoeli~, 

oRond _ mxolod erTgan, _ im epizodSi, romelSic `soji~ 

aragvze gadadis (Zeglebi 1964: 100). WeliSuri redaqciiT, 

salome bodidan momaval `sojis~ aragvis meore napirze 

elodeba, Semdeg miyveba bodSi da peroJavr sivnielTan 

erTad ninos monaTxrobs iwers. am teqstebSi nel-nela 

gamqrala dedofal salome ujarmelis saxeli da samagierod 

gaCenila saxeli _ `soji~ _ `dedofali soji (zogan 

_ suji)~. 

yuradRebas kidev erTi faqti iqcevs, _ leonti mrovelis 

Tanaxmad, sneul ninosTan bodSi, mis mosavlelad, dedofali 

salome ujarmeli misula; netari nino `viTarca 

mieaxla kuxeTs, dabasa bodisasa, dayvna mun dReni raodennime. 

da movidodes missa kaxeTiT, hkiTxvides da aRiarebdes 

swavlasa missa simravle erisa. maSin dasneulda mun; da 

viTarca cna rev, Zeman mefisaman da salome, colman misman, 

romelni cxorebdes ujarmas, movides ninosa da acnobes 

mefesa da dedofalsa. xolo maT miavlines episkoposi iovane 

warmoyvanebad wmidisa ninossa, xolo wmida nino ara 

erCda. maSin warvida TÂT mefe da simravle erisa~ (qarTlis 

cxovreba 1955: 126). 

Satberduli `moqcevaÁ~-s pirveli nawilis mixedviTac, 

_ netari nino `dasneulda da warmoemarTa mcxeTad. da vi- 

Tarca moiwia kxoeTas, dabasa, romelsa hrqÂan bodini, ver- 

Rara uZlo slvad. da mo-xolo-vides ujarmiT qalaqiT rev, 

ZÀ mefisaÁ, da salome, coli misi, da asuli misi, da zedaadges 

mourned. da miuvlines mcxeTiT mefeman da colman 

misman nana iovane mTavar ebiskoposi xilvad da waryvanebad~ 

(Zeglebi 1964: 89); WeliSuri redaqciis pirveli nawilis 

Tanaxmadac, _ netari nino `waremarTa da miiwia koxeTad, 

dabasa, romelsa ewodebis bodisi, da verRara uZlo slvad 

da esma ese mefesa da friad Sewuxdes. da mswrafl movides 

uJarmiT qalaqiT rev, Ze mefisa, da salome, coli misi, da 

asuli maTi, zeda-adges mourned~ (Zeglebi 1964: 89). 

WeliSuri, _ vrceli redaqciis Tanaxmad ki, rogorc 

zemoTac gamoCnda, dasneulebul ninosTan bodSi `soji~ 

111

Casula: `moiRo dedofalman wigni wmidisa ninoÁsi winaSe 

mefisa da ioane mTavar-episkoposman bodisiT dabiT, rameTu 

uwinares miwevnul iyo mun winaSe wmidisa ninossa~ 

(Zeglebi 1964: 100); arsenisa da ufro mogviano metafrasuli 

`cxovrebiTac~, _ bodSi netar ninosTan dedofali 

suji Casula, _ wmida nino `mivida kxueTs, dabasa, romelsa 

ewodebis bodisi. da movida misa dedofali kaxeTisaÁásuji 

da mis Tana mTavarni da mÃedrebi da monaTa da mÃevalTa 

simravle~ (Zeglebi 1971: 42; 76). 

Cven ar gvaqvs safuZveli miviCnioT, rom sneul ninos- 

Tan, mis mosavlelad, bodSi salome ujarmeli ar Casula. es 

cnobebi xsenebul teqstebSi Semdgom Camatebuls ar hgavs, 

risTvis unda dasWirvebodaT salomeze amgvari faqtebis 

gamogoneba?! an amden teqstSi rogor gaCndeboda msgavsi 

cnobebi?! 

Cvens winaSe sxva SekiTxvac SeiZleba daisvas: sad gaqra 

metafrasul `cxovrebaSi~ salome ujarmelze cnobebi da 

saidan gaCnda am da WeliSur redaqciebSi suji dedoflis 

istoria, rogor iqca bodSi netari ninos mosavlelad Casuli 

salome ujarmeli bodSi Casul sujid? teqstebis 

cnobaTa urTierTSejerebis Semdeg SeiZleba im mosazrebis 

daSveba, rom `suji~ igive salome ujarmelia. 

Cveni azriT, WeliSuri variantis SemorCenili xelnaweris, 

an misi winare teqstis Semqmneli iyenebda iseT redaqcias, 

romelSic SemorCenili iyo cnoba, rom wmida ninos 

naambobi salome ujarmelma da peroJavr sivnielma Caiweres, 

Cans, SemorCenili yofila wmida ninos werili da am 

werilis bodidan mcxeTaSi wamoRebis istoria, magram werilis 

wamoRebis epizodSi, vfiqrobT, rom, _ dakarguli iyo 

saxeli bodSi Casuli dedoflisa. Tumc, rogorc Cans, am 

epizodSi salome ujarmelis saxeli daqaragmebuli formiT 

_ `suji~ (`s. uj.-i~) sadRac mainc iyo naxsenebi. wmida 

ninos mier mirian mefesTan gagzavnil werilSi, rogorc 

vnaxeT, weria: `Ãsenebulmca ars dedofali ege soji~ (Zeglebi 

1964: 101); metafrasuli `cxovrebiT~ _ `Ãsenebulmca 

ars saukunod keTilTa Sina uflisaTa dedofali suji~ 

(Zeglebi 1971: 43); _ ar aris SeuZlebeli, rom wmida ninos 

werilSi, romelic mirian mefesTan, rogorc cnobaTa ur- 

112

TierTSejereba gvafiqrebinebs, _ salome ujarmels wau- 

Ria, salomeze wmida ninos mier Tqmuli locvis sityvebis 

boloSi dedoflis saxeli qaragmiT yofiliyo dawerili; 

teqstis gadamwerma ki qaragma sakuTar saxelad miiCnia 

da bodSi Casuli dedofali moixsenia ara rogorc `dedofali 

salome ujarmeli~, aramed, rogorc _ `dedofali 

suji~, _ da bodSi Casuli salome ujarmeli bodSi Casul 

sujid iqca... WeliSuri redaqciis, an misi winare teqstis 

damwers, Cans, wakiTxuli hqonda cnoba imis Sesaxeb, rom 

bodSi netari ninos monaTxrobs salome ujarmeli da peroJavr 

sivnieli iwerdnen, igi im faqtis winaSe idga, rom 

wmida ninos monaTxrobs salome da peroJavri werdnen, 

amitom teqstis gadawerisas, vfiqrobT, faqti Seucvlia 

da viTareba ise warmousaxavs, TiTqos bodidan momaval 

`dedofal sujis~ salome ujarmeli da peroJavr sivnieli 

mcxeTaSi daxvedrian, Semdeg bodSi mirian mefesTan da 

sxvebTan erTad wasulan da wmida ninos monaTxrobi ase 

CauweriaT; sxvagvarad Zneli asaxsnelia, bodSi sneuli ninos 

mosavlelad myofi salome, vinc ninos avadmyofoba, 

revTan erTad, acnoba `mefesa da dedofalsa~ (qarTlis 

cxovreba 1955: 126), am teqstSi rogor warmodga mcxeTaSi 

myofad, romelsac sxvisgan Seutyia ninos sneulebis Sesaxeb; 

yovelive imaze migvaniSnebs, rom gadamweri `ninos 

cxovrebis~ iseTi teqstiT sargeblobda, romelSic didi 

siyvaruliT iyo laparaki bodidan mcxeTaSi werilis wamomReb 

dedofalze da romelSic Semonaxuli iyo wmida ninos 

werili, sadac am werilis mcxeTaSi Camomtanis saxeli 

ewera aseTi formiT _ `suji~ (`s. uj.-i~)... 

Cven zemoT yuradReba im garemoebaze gavamaxvileT, rom 

bodidan mcxeTaSi werilis Camotanis aseTi STambeWdavi 

epizodi, Tavad werili, ar Semoinaxa arc Satberdulma, arc 

leonti mroveliseulma `cxovrebam~. ratom moxda ase? 

rogorc araerTgzis aRiniSna, wmida ninos monaTxrobs 

salome ujarmeli da peroJavr sivnieli iwerdnen. `mefeTa 

cxovrebas~ Tu verwmunebiT, eklesiaSi sakiTxavis Sesadgenad 

salome ujarmelis Canaweri gamouyenebiaT. wyaroebidan 

vxedavT, rom salome mxolod Camweria wmida ninos 

sityvisa, TviTon arafers gviambobs... 

113

ogorc vnaxeT, werilis wamoRebis epizodSi Zalian 

didi siyvaruliT aris laparaki dedofal `sujize~, naCvenebia 

misi didi morwmuneoba, gambedaoba... SeiZleba Tu ara 

miviCnioT, TiTqos salome ujarmeli sakuTar Tavze Tvi- 

Ton werda, rom rwmenis simtkicis gamo ar SeuSinda mdinares 

da wyalSi saxedriT Sevida, rom, rwmeniT savse, fex- 

SiSveli misdevda etls da sxva. cxadia, ara! _ sakuTar 

RvTismosaobasa da did morwmuneobaze ar daiwyebda igi 

laparaks. radgan `wmida ninos cxovrebaSi~ ninos monaTxrobis 

Camwerad peroJavr sivnielic aris dasaxelebuli, Cveni 

azriT, nagulisxmevia, rom nawarmoebSi am pirovnebis teqstic 

aris Semonaxuli. vfiqrobT, rom werilis wamoRebis istoria 

peroJavr sivnielis dawerili unda iyos, rom bodSi 

ninoseuli Txrobis Cawerisas man isic dawera, Tu rogor 

gaatana ninom salomes werili mcxeTaSi, rwmenis rogori 

simtkice gamoiCina dedofalma salome ujarmelma. 

rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, Cans, adreul periodSi arsebula 

ori, _ erTmaneTisagan damoukidebeli redaqcia 

`wmida ninos cxovrebisa~, romelTagan erT-erTSi ar iyo 

saubari bodidan mcxeTaSi weriliT momavali dedoflis 

Sesaxeb da meoreSi ki iyo amgvari cnobebi. vfiqrobT, SeiZleba 

imis garkveva, Tu rogor unda aRmocenebuliyo is ori 

uZvelesi redaqcia. 

radgan wmida ninos cxovrebis aRmweri pirveli teqstebi 

salome ujarmelma da peroJavr sivnielma Seqmnes, CvenTvis 

sruliad cxadi xdeba, rom IV s-is qarTvelTa xelSi yofila 

ori teqsti, vityviT ase, _ momavali nawarmoebis (nawilobriv 

_ saeklesio sakiTxavis) Sesaqmnelad momzadebuli 

ori saxis masala. rogorc leonti mrovelisagan irkveva, 

nawarmoebis Sesaqmnelad ZiriTadad salomes teqsti 

gamouyenebiaT. rogorc Cans, salomes `redaqtorobiT~ Camoyalibebula 

iseTi redaqcia `wmida ninos cxovrebisa~, 

romelSic mcxeTaSi didmorwmune dedoflis wamosvlisa 

da wmida ninos werilis wamoRebis Sesa-xeb araferi ewera. 

im redaqciidan momdinareobs Satberduli `cxovreba~. 

adreul periodSi Seqmnila meore redaqciac. isic salomes 

teqstis safuZvelze SeudgeniaT. am meore redaqcias 

pirvelisagan is ganasxvavebda, rom masSi peroJavris 

114

teqstebidanac SeutaniaT cnobebi, kerZod, _ wmida ninos 

werili da mcxeTaSi misi wamoRebis epizodi. swored im meore 

redaqciidan momdinareobs WeliSuri, Cans, aseve, _ sinuri 

teqsti. 

rogorc aRiniSna, WeliSuri `wmida ninos cxovrebis~ 

SesavalSi calkeuli epizodebi Sinagan, organul kavSir- 

Sia erTmaneTTan, vercerT epizodze ver vityviT, rom igi 

SesavalSi Semdgom aris Camatebuli; safiqrebelia, rom 

nawarmoebis Sesavali nawili mTlianad peroJavris dawerilia, 

uSualod salomeseuli teqsti ki Sesavlis Semdeg 

iwyeba: ìyo maT JamTa Sina, odes igi giorgi kabadukieli 

iwama~... im redaqciaSi, romelSic, rogorc Cans, salomes 

uSualo zegavleniT Seqmnila, peroJavris dawerili Sesavlis 

nawili, Cans, Seitanes, magram am Sesavlidan salomes 

didmorwmuneobisa da mis mier werilis wamoRebis epizodi 

mTlianad amouRiaT. 

Cans, ase Seqmnila ori uZvelesi redaqcia `wmida ninos 

cxovrebisa~. 

Cvens xelT arsebuli Satberduli da WeliSuri teqstebi 

im uZvelesi redaqciebidan Cans momdinare, Cvens winaSe, 

faqtiurad, ori uZvelesi redaqciaa. am redaqciebs SemdgomSi 

mcire cvlilebebi aqvs gancdili, magram saTanado 

muSaobis Semdeg SesaZlebeli iqneba mogviano periodis 

Canamatebisagan maTi ganwmeda; maTSi is ramdenime cnobac 

aRdgeba, rac `mefeTa cxovrebaSia~ SemorCenili. pero- 

Javris teqstidan gamoyenebuli masala, rac WeliSurma 

redaqciam Semogvinaxa, brwyinvalea, sabednierod, misi 

teqstidan gadarCenila erTi nawili... am teqstis nawili 

Semonaxulia agreTve `wmida ninos cxovrebis~ sinur redaqciaSi, 

romelic farTo samecniero wreebisaTvis didi xani 

ar aris, rac cnobili gaxda (`moqcevaÁ~ 2007)... 

xsenebul sakiTxebze amjerad sityvas aRar gavagr- 

ZelebT, daskvnis saxiT mxolod imas davZenT, rom, rogorc 

SemorCenili teqstebi migvaniSnebs, adreul periodSi `wmida 

ninos cxovrebis~ ori redaqcia Seqmnila. isini Satberdul-WeliSurma 

xelnawerebma Semogvinaxa, _ vfiqrobT, 

SesaZlebelia maTTvis pirvandeli saxis dabruneba. 

`wmida ninos cxovrebis~ redaqciaTa urTierTSejereba 

115

naTelyofs, Tu rogori yofila qarTvelTa mociqulze 

dawerili pirveli wignebi, vfiqrobT, adreul periodSi 

Seqmnila `wmida ninos cxovrebis~ ori, _ erTmaneTisagan 

garkveulwilad gansxvavebuli redaqcia, romelic Satberdul-WeliSur 

xelnawerebs Semounaxavs. 

`wmida ninos cxovrebis~ Seqmna wmida ninos sicocxleSive 

Cans dawyebuli, rogorc es miaCniaT revaz siraZes, 

mariam CxartiSvils, sxva mkvlevarebs.... 

qarTuli da araqarTuli, maT Soris, _ berZnullaTinuri 

wyaroebi, naTlad mowmobs, rom qarTlis moqceva 

wmida ninos saxelTan aris dakavSirebuli. 

damowmebani: 

adonci 1905: Адонц. Армения в эпоху Юстиниана, СПБ., 1905. 

atia 1955: Aziz Suryal Atiua. The Arabic Manusscripts of Mount Sinai, Baltimore, 

1955. 

afciauri 1987: afciauri n. kavkasiaSi qristianobis gavrcelebis 

wyaroTmcodneobiTi sakiTxebi (grigol ganmanaTleblis `cxovrebaTa~ 

ciklebi). Tb.: 1987. 

axali varianti 1891: axali varianti wm. ninos cxovrebisa. gamocemuli 

redaqtorobiT da winasityvaobiT eqvTime TayaiSvilisa. tf.: 1891. 

baramiZe 2003: bramiZe r. qarTuli mwerlobis saTaveebTan. kreb., literaturuli 


gariti 1946: Garitte. Gocuments pour l’etude du livre d’Agathange, Vatican: 

1946. 

georgika 1961: georgika. I, simon yauxCiSvili gamocema. Tb.: 1961. 

goilaZe 1991: goilaZe v. qarTuli eklesiis saTaveebTan Tb.: 1991. 

kekeliZe 1956: kekeliZe k. etiudebi.I, Tb.: 1956. 

kekeliZe 1980: kekeliZe k. Zveli qarTuli literaturis istoria, I, 

Tb.: 1980. 

kuli, bezaraSvili 2001: bezaraSvili q., kuli b. `mayvlovanis~ gagebisaTvis 

Zvel qarTul mwerlobaSi. kreb. `literaturuli Ziebani~, XXI, 

Tb.: 2001. 

kuWuxiZe 1999: kuWuxiZe g. kidev erTxel `wmida ninos cxovrebis da- 

TariRebisaTvis~, kreb., literaturuli Ziebani, XX, Tb.: 1999. 

lebedevi 1905: Лебедев А. Сочинения. Т. М.: 1905. 

116 

margvelaSvili 1981: margvelaSvili T. . leqsikur-gramatikuli leqsikur-gramatikuli -gramatikuli gramatikuligan gan- gan gan- gan- gan- gan- gan- gan- 

martebani giorgi wereTlis àrabuli qrestomaTiisaTvis~. Tb.: 1981. 

mari 1905: Н. Марр, Крещение армиан, грузин, абхазов и аланов св. Григорием, 

СПБ, 1905; 

`moqcevaÁ~ 2007: `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-is axladaRmoCenili sinuri 

redaqciebi, gamosca da winasityvaoba daurTo zaza aleqsiZem, Tb.: 2007; 

narkvevebi 1973: saqarTvelos istoriis narkvevebi, II, Tb.: 1973;

siraZe 1987: siraZe r. wminda nino da deda ufali, qarTuli agiografia, 

Tb.: 1987. 

siraZe 1989: siraZe r. wminda ninos cxovreba da dasawyisi qarTuli mwerlobisa, 

_ J. ganTiadi, Tb.: 1989. 

siraZe 1997: siraZe r. wminda ninos cxovreba da dasawyisi qarTuli agiografiisa. 

Tb.: 1999. 

qarTlis cxovreba 1955: qarTlis cxovreba. simon yauxCiSvilis gamoc. I. 

Tb.: 1955. 

qrestomaTia 1946: Zveli qarTuli literaturis qrestomaTia, I, sol. 

yubaneiSvilis gamoc. Tb.: 1946. 

RvalaZe 1985: RvalaZe l. semitologiuri Ziebani. II, `mecniereba~. Tb.: 

1985. 

CxartiSvili 1987: qarTuli hagiografiis wyaroTmcodneobiTi Seswavlis 

problemebi. `cxoreba wmidisa ninoÁsi~. Tb.: 1987. 

cxoreba... 1920: cxoreba wm. Ggrigol parTelisa. Ggamocemuli leon meliqseTbegis 

mier. tf.: 1920. 

Zeglebi 1964: Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi. I, 

ilia abulaZis saerTo redaqciiT. Tb.: 1964. 

Zeglebi 1971: Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zaglebi, III, 

ilia abulaZis saerTo redaqciiT, Tb.: 1971. 

xorenaci 1984: xorenaci m. somxeTis istoria. Zveli somxuridan Targmna, 

Sesavali da SeniSvnebi daurTo al. abdalaZem. Tb.: 1984; 

javaxiSvili 1977: javaxiSvili i. Txzulebani Tormet tomadDDDDDDDDDDFFFFFFDD. 

VIII, Tb.: 

1977. 

javaxiSvili 1979: javaxiSvili i. Txzulebani Tormet tomad. I, Tb.: 1979. 

DDDDDD 

Gocha Kuchukhidze 

St. Nino and the Conversion to Christianity of Georgia 

Summary 

In the Arabic and Greek ersions of the life of Grigori the Enlightener 

(texts are published by academician N.Marr and professor G.Garitte) the 

narration goes about the fact that royal powers of the Caucasian countries 

were converted to Christianity by the enlightener of Armenia St.Grigori. 

The paper deals with the study of the above stated versions. It has been 

stated that the parts of the texts of Arabic as well as Greek texts which 

deal with the visit of kings of Alans (in the Arabic text the Alans are 

mentioned, while in the Greek text –we hae Albans) Kartli and Lazika 

to Armenia - to St.Grigori and Thrdat King, their baptizing by St.Grigori, 

are not found in the earlier lists of Agathangel. Therefore we consider 

117

that these data are inserted as a result of the literary treatment of the later 

period. It has been shown that in the earlier lists it dealt with a visit of 

delegation of Georgian royal court for consideration of certain issues, 

which was later replaced by the note about a visit of the Georgian king to 

Armenia and his conversion by St.Grigori. It has been shown that in the 

original lists that part of the text dealt with the Albans and not Alans. The 

paper gives inserted places of Arabic sources. 

The paper gives analyses of the notes from Arabic as well as Greek 

sources which deal with the visit of representatives of priesthood sent by 

St.Grigori to Alania (Albania), Kartli and Lazika. It was shown, that the 

persons sent by St.Grigori to the above stated countries did not belong 

to the leading church hierarchy of Albania, Kartli and Lazika churches, 

that they were only common preaching missionary similar to those who 

visited many countries of the world in that period. The Arabic and Greek 

sources do not provide us with the grounds to consider that the churches 

of Kartli, Albania or other Caucasian countries had ever been under the 

church cathedra of Armenia. The above given versions can not contradict 

the statement according to which the churches of Kartli, Lazika and Armenia 

were independent from the very beginning. 

The attempt is to argue thet ST Ninos Life was written in the IV century 

by a group of authors. 

118

uwyebani 

giorgi alibegaSvili, nino Jvania 

ucxouri masalebi saqarTvelos moqcevis 

Sesaxeb 

qarTuli eklesiis winaSe araerTgzis dasmula sakiTxi, 

Seqmniliyo iseTi `meZieblobiTi~ (nikoloz gulaberisZe) 

naSromi, romelSic Tavmoyrili iqneboda qarTuli Tu 

ucxoenovani istoriografiuli masalebi saqarTvelos 

gaqristianebis Sesaxeb. am mxriv gansakuTrebiT sayurad- 

Reboa bizantiaSi moRvawe wm. efrem mciris Txzuleba ùwyebaÁ 

mizezsa qarTvelTa moqcevisasa, Tu romelTa wignTa 

Sina moixseniebis~. masSi winaa wamoweuli ramdenime mniSvnelovani 

sakiTxi saqarTvelos saeklesio istoriidan, 

romlebic gaaqtualurebuli iyo qveynis imdroindeli 

politikuri, ekonomikuri, kulturuli mdgomareobiT. 

albaT, aseTi nawarmoebis Seqmnis aucilebloba bizantielTa 

garkveulma poziciamac ganapiroba. giorgi mciris 

Txzulebis _ `cxorebaÁ giorgi mTawmindelisaÁ~ _ mixedviT, 

es damokidebuleba aseTi iyo: èklesiani da mRdelTmoZRuarni 

qarTlisani ara romlisa patriaqisa Ãelmwifebasa 

queSe arian da yovelni saeklesioni wesni maT mier 

ganegebian da TÂT daisumen kaTalikosTa da ebiskoposTa. 

da ara samarTal ars ese, rameTu aTormetTa mociqulTagani 

aravin misrul ars queyanasa maTsa. da jer-ars, raÁTa 

qalaqsa amas RmrTisasa da saydarsa mociqulTa Tavisasa 

daemorCilnen da amissa Ãelmwifebasa queSe iyvnen. rameTu 

naTesavi ars umecari da samwysoÁ mcire; da Cuenda maxlobelad 

arian da jer-ars, raÁTa Ãelmwifebasa qveSe antioqeli 

patreaqisasa imwysebodin da aqa ikurTxeodis kaTalikozi 

maTi da viyvneT Cuen erT samwyso da erT mwyems~ 

(abulaZe 1967:152) 

bizantielTa aseTma poziciam gamoiwvia is, rom ùwyebaÁSi~ 

ganxilulia qarTuli eklesiisaTvis mravali mniSvnelovani 

sakiTxi. 

119

wm. efremis naSromi Seiqmna ioane-kvirikes davalebiT 

/`sulieri mamaÁ Cueni da patiosani eklesiarxi Cueni~/, 

`raÁTa weriT daidvas mas Sina mosaÃsenebeli odes moqcevisa 

CuenisaÁ~; wm. efrem mcirem ùwyebaÁ~ dawera bizantiur-antioqiuri 

wyaroebis gamoZiebiT; am cnobaTa 

mixedviT, wm. efremi saqarTveloSi mosul mociqulTagan 

asaxelebs andria pirvelwodebuls /masze adre wm. giorgi 

mTawmindelma gamoiyena cnoba andrias mimosvlaze bizantiaSi 

petre III-sTan kamaTisas/, romelmac iqadaga qristes 

moZRvreba afxazeTSi da barTlomes, – romelmac moiara 

CrdiloeTi, `romel ars qarTli~; erovnuli ganmanaTleblebidan 

wminda ninos garda, vinc tradiciulad aRmosavleT 

saqarTvelos momaqcevrad iTvleba, aseve berZnuli 

monacemebiT, wm. efremi asaxelebs evfratas, naTesaviT 

afxazs, romelic ufro samonastro mSeneblobis saqmes 

eweoda dasavleT saqarTveloSi; wm. efremis azriT, Tanaxmad 

tradiciisa, qarTlis moqceva moxda wm. konstantine 

mefis dros; igi exeba aseve saqarTvelosTvis mironis 

miniWebisa da kaTolikos-mTavarepiskoposis kurTxevis 

uflebis mopovebis sakiTxs da mwvaleblobasac, romelsac 

Tavi uCenia saqarTveloSi XI s-is 40-ian wlebSi; dabolos, 

wm. efremi xazs usvams, rom qarTul eklesias avtokefalia 

miniWebuli aqvs antioqiis sapatriarqosagan. 

saqarTvelos moqcevis Sesaxeb sayuradRebo cnobebi 

gvxvdeba sxvadasxva ucxoeli avtoris TxzulebebSi. zogierTi 

maTgani imeorebs Tavis winamorbedTa monacemebs, magram 

es ar aris mTavari. arsebiTia is, rom am avtorTa erTi 

nawili IV-V saukuneebis moRvaweni arian da, amdenad, maT 

mniSvnelovani cnobebi aqvT aRniSnuli periodis saqarTveloSi 

momxdar kulturul-istoriul cvlilebebze, 

icnoben im tradiciebs, romlebic asaxulia `wminda ninos 

cxovrebaSi~. wm. ninos mier saqarTvelos moqcevas wm. 

efrem mcire exeba mxolod im kuTxiT, romelic cnobilia 

berZnul-antioqiuri wyaroebiT da faqtobrivad romli- 

Tac unda wardgeniliyo Cveni eklesia sakuTari uflebebis 

damtkicebis SemTxvevaSi. 

wm. efrem mciris mier mopovebul am cnobaTa zogierTi 

monacemi imdenad miRebuli iyo imdroindel bizantiaSi, 

120

om Sesulia svidas enciklopediur leqsikonSic, iq, sadac 

saubaria dedofal elenesa da iberebze: elene dedofali, 

deda konstantine didisa ... konstantine didis 

dros moi-naTlnen Sinagani indebi /igulisxmebian eTiopelebi, 

g.a./, iberebi da armenielebi (yauxCiSvili 1941: 

317-318). rogorc imanuel bekeris mier gamocemul svidas 

leqsikonSia miTiTebuli, es cnoba modis sokrate sqolastikosis 

“saeklesio istoriidan”. igive Zunwi cnoba 

saqarTvelos gaqristianebaze gvxvdeba svidas winamorbedi 

avtoris – giorgi amartolis /IX s./ `qronografSic~, 

Tumca es istorikosi asaxelebs im periodis somexTa mefesa 

da maT ganmanaTle-bels: “am netari konstantines dros 

wminda naTlisReba miiRes agreTve Sinaganma indebma da iberielebma. 

somxebmac srulad irwmunes qriste Tavis mefesTan 

tiridatesTan erTad maTi Rvawlmravali mowamisa 

da mTavarepiskoposis didi grigolis meSveobiT” (yaux- 

CiSvili 1941: 311). Zvel qarTul TargmanSi weria: `rameTu 

amis netarisa mefisaze uSinaganesi hindoni da qarTvelni 

mouxdes saRrmTosa naTlisRebasa, da somexTa sruliad 

hrwmena tiridatis Tana mefisa maTisa Ruawlmravlisa 

mier mowamisa da mTavarepiskoposisa maTisa didisa grigolissa~ 

(yauxCiSvili 1920: 262-263). 

ase rom, saqarTvelos moqceva wm. konstantine didis 

/324-337 ww./ dros dadasturebulia or iseT mniSvnelovan 

ZeglSi, rogorebicaa giorgi amartolis `qronografi~ da 

svidas enciklopediuri leqsikoni. 

qarTvelebis Tanadroulad somxebis moqcevas exeba IV 

saukunis istorikosi agaTangelosic: `tiridati mefe dedofal 

asxenasTan erTad, tomTa mTavrebTan da gvarTamTavrebTan 

erTad wminda grigolis Sesaxvedrad wavida... 

TviTon grigoli dros atarebda locva-vedrebaSi da 

cremlTa RvraSi, loculobda, rom xalxi darCeniliyo 

maT mier miRebul sarwmunoebaze... afuZnebda eklesiebs... 

zogierTebs gzavnida iberTa qveyanaSi, zogs lazTa qveyanaSi...~ 

(gamyreliZe, yauxCiSvili 1961: 71). “lazTa qveyana- 

Si gagzavna sofroni, romelic mRvdlad iyo kapadokiaSi” 

(gamyreliZe, yauxCiSvili 1961: 72-73). 

121

ogorc vxedavT, aq araa saubari im pirze, vinc grigol 

ganmanaTlebelma gamogzavna iberiaSi. samagierod, dasaxelebulia 

vinme mRvdeli sofroni, romelic mosula wminda 

grigolTan erTad da Semdgom gaigzavna lazTa qveyanaSi. 

movses xorenaci, V s-is somexi istorikosi, rogorc 

Tavad SeniSnavs, iyenebs agaTangelosis cnobebs (Tumca 

am cnobebTan dakavSirebiT azrTa sxvaobaa. ix.: xorenaci 

1984: 279-280; agreTve, CxartiSvili 1987: 23, 26-27). movsesi, 

amasTanave, aris pirveli somxur istoriografiaSi, vinc 

qarTvelTa ganmanaTlebeli mociqulTaTanasworad moixsenia 

(CxartiSvili 1987: 28; amasve imeorebs X s-is somexi 

istorikosi uxtanesi, rodesac wm. SuSaniks adarebs wm. ninos. 

ix. uxtanesi 1987: 1975). 

gamovyofT ZiriTad monacemebs xorenacis naSromidan 

`somxeTis istoria~: 

1. saTauri: `sanatreli nunesa da imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor 

gaxda igi qarTvelTa xsnis mizezi~. movsesi saTaurSive 

saxeliT ixseniebs wm. ninos da Tvlis mas rifsimeanTa 

amxanagad; 

2. mcxeTaSi damkvidrebulma nunem iswavla mkurnaloba 

da moarCina qarTvelTa winamZRolis – mirianis colic; 

3. mirianma gamoikiTxa, Tu rogor sCadis nune aseT saocrebebs, 

man ki qristes saxarebis qadagebiT upasuxa. miriani 

mouyva amis Sesaxeb Tavis naxararebs da arc qeba dai- 

Sura. amis Semdeg Seityo, Tu ra SeemTxva somxeTSi mefes, 

agreTve, nunes amxanagebs da gamohkiTxa yovelive; 

4. movsesis cnobiT, sanadirod wasul mirians TvalT ki 

ar daubnelda, aramed nisli Camowva. SeSinebuls moagonda 

Trdatis ambavi da piroba dado, rom Tayvans scemda nunes 

RmerTs. 

5. nunem gagzavna sando kacebi grigolTan, raTa gaego, 

Tu rogor moqceuliyo. man miiRo brZaneba, rom moespo 

kerpebi da aRemarTa jvari manam, vidre mwyemsi winamZRvari 

dainiSneboda. ninom mospo Weqa-quxilis momvlinebeli 

aramazdis qandakeba; 

6. didebulebi winaRudgnen nunes – maT ar icodnen, 

kerpTa nacvlad visTvis ecaT Tayvani. nunes miTiTebiT, 

aRmarTes jvari qalaqis aRmosavleTiT; 

122

7. umravlesobam gaTlili xe arafrad Caagdo. RmerTma 

moavlina Rrublis sveti, mTa aivso saamo surnelebiT, moismoda 

mgalobelTa xma, amobrwyinda jvris xis msgavsi sxivi 

Tormeti varskvlaviT, ris Semdegac yvelam Tayvani sca 

jvars, romelic saswaulebrivad kurnavda kidec xalxs. 

8. sanatreli nune wavida sxva kuTxeTa dasamoZRvradac. 

mas ar hqonda araviTari samkauli. igi jvars ecva, saqmiT 

daadastura RvTis sityva da sisxlis gvirgvini moipova; 

9. movses xorenaci fiqrobs /`gavbedav vTqva...~/, rom 

nune mociquli gaxda. man iqadaga saxareba klarjeTidan 

alanTa da kaspiis karebamde, masquTTa sazRvrebamde 

(xorenaci 1984: 170-172). 

movses xorenacis am monacemebis mixedviT, gamoiyofa 

ramdenime movlena, romlebic gansxvavebuladaa warmodgenili 

qarTul masalebSi. isic unda SeiniSnos, rom es 

monacemebi saxismetyvelebiTadacaa gaazrebuli. movses 

xorenacis TxzulebaSi simbolikiTaa datvirTuli ara 

mxolod saxeebi, aramed istoriuli ambebic. esenia: wm. nune 

_ rifsimeanTa amxanagi, wm. nune _ mkurnali, mirianis 

colis gankurneba, mzis dabneleba Tu nislis Camowola, 

aramazdis kerpis mospoba, jvris aRmarTva, wm. nune – mociqulTa 

Tanaswori da sxv. esaa erTiani semantikuri veli, 

romelic Seqmnilia wm. ninos saxis irgvliv ara marto somxuri, 

aramed, rogorc qvemoT davinaxavT, bizantiur-antioqiuri 

wyaroebis mixedviTac. 

imasac davumatebdiT, rom movses xorenaciseuli wm. ninos 

moRvaweobis somxuri versiis amosavalia adgilobrivi 

redaqcia, kerZod, `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ tipis Zegli. 

leon gramatikosic /XI s-is qronografosi/ miiCnevs, 

rom konstantines dros gaqristiandnen iberielebica da 

armenielebic, romelTac dasabami miiRes tiridatesagan, 

parTelTa STamomavlisagan (yauxCiSvili 1963: 4). igi saubrobs, 

agreTve, iseve rogorc giorgi amartoli da svida, 

“Sinagan” indebzec anu eTiopelebze. ase rom, samive am avtoris 

cnobaTa wyaro erTia. 

dasavleT saqarTvelos gaqristianebas, ufro zustad, 

dasavleT saqarTveloSi qristianuli sarwmunoebis ganmtkicebas, 

agaTangelosis garda, exebian Semdegi bizantieli 

123

moRvaweebi: priske panioneli, prokopi kesarieli, evagri 

sqolastikosi, nikifore qsanTopulosi (gansaxilveli 

bizantieli avtorebidan nikifore qsanTopulosi erTaderTia, 

romelic exeba iberiis moqcevasac/, ioane zonara. 

afxazTa RvTismosaobas aRniSnavs Teodosi gangreli, 

xolo nikifore kaliste sargeblobs, iseve rogorc nikifore 

qsanTopulosi, prokopi kesarielis cnobebiT (yaux- 

CiSvili 1965: 134) 

is monakveTi ùwyebaÁdan~, romelSic wm. efrem mcire exeba 

afxazeTSi sarwmunoebis ganmtkicebas, iwyeba ase: `xolo 

afxazTaTÂs evagre epifanesi saeklesiosa moTxrobasa Sina 

TÂssa aRwers ocdameoresa Tavsa Sina da ityÂs esreT...~ 

(efrem mcire 1959: 11). im periodisaTvis, rodesac iwereboda 

ùwyebaÁ~, dasavleTi saqarTvelo administraciuleklesiurad 

konstantinopolis kaTedras aRar eqvemdebareboda. 

ukve X s-is dasawyisidan dasavleTi saqarTvelos 

eparqia ar ixsenieba bizantiur ekTesisebSi _ saeklesio 

kaTedraTa nusxebSi(yauxCiSvili 1967: 123); ase rom, dasavleTi 

saqarTvelos eklesia ukve mcxeTasTanaa dakavSirebuli 

da, amdenad, ioane kvirikesac da wm. efrem mciresac 

ainteresebT saqarTvelos am mxareSi qristianobis ganmtkicebis 

cnobebi berZnuli wyaroebis mixedviT, raTa qarTvelTa 

moqcevisa da qristianobis ganmtkicebis istoria 

erT mTlianobaSi yofiliyo warmodgenili. 

ramdenadac es cnobebi ar aris didi moculobisa, moviyvanT 

srulad wm. efrem mciris ùwyebaÁdan~: `maTve JamTa 

Sina iustinianes mefobisaTa afxaznica Seicvalnes umjobesad 

da qristianobisa Seiwynares qadagebaÁ. rameTu 

palatsa Sina iustiniane mefisasa iyo vinme saWurisi, afxazi 

naTesaviT da evfrata saxelisdebiT, romeli warivlina 

mefisa mier qadagebad maTda da aRTqumad, viTarmed amieriTgan 

arca erTiRa vin naTesavisa maTisagani ganxuebul 

iqmnes mamakacobisagan rkinisa mier iZulebiTa bunebisaÁ- 

Ta, rameTu mravalni iyvnes maTganni msaxur sameufoÁsa 

sawolisa, romelTaÁ saWuris icis wodebaÁ Cueulebaman. 

vinaÁca iustiniane taZari wmidisa RmrTismSoblisaÁ aRa- 

Sena afxazeTsa Sina da mRdelni daadginna mas Sina, raTa 

ugancxadebulesad aswavebdnen Sjulsa qristianobisasa~ 

124

(efrem mcire 1959: 11) 

iustiniane I mefobda 527-565 wlebSi; ase rom, aq saubaria 

dasavleT saqarTveloSi qristianobis ganmtkicebaze 

da ara afxazTa moqcevaze, radgan qristianoba ukve IV saukuneSi 

arsebobda dasavleT saqarTveloSi, rasac mowmobs 

is cnobili faqti, rom nikeis pirvel msoflio krebaSi 325 

wels monawileobda stratofile, biWvinTis episkoposi; 

amasve miuTiTebs, agreTve, samonastro taZrebis ageba afxazeTSi 

VI s-Si. am periodSive aRmosavleT saqarTveloSic 

farTod iSleba samSeneblo saqmianoba. sayuradReboa, rom 

imave iustinianes ganuaxlebia iberTa monasteri ierusalimSi, 

romelic, k. kekeliZis azriT, SesaZlebelia, petre 

maiumelis cxovrebaSi moxseniebuli monasteri iyos 

(kekeliZe 1980: 89), da lazTa monasteri ierusalimis udabnoSi 

(yauxCiSvili 1965: 223). 

prokopi kesarieli /VI s./ (yauxCiSvili 1965: 134-135), 

evagri epifanieli anu sqolastikosi /VI s./ (yauxCiSvili 

1936: 297) da ioane zonara /XI-XII ss./ (yauxCiSvili 1966: 229- 

230) afxazeTSi qristianobis Sesaxeb saubrisas erTi da imave 

masaliT sargebloben, ufro zustad, prokopis cnobebi 

aqvT gamoyenebuli evagri epifanielsa da ioane zonaras. 

rac Seexeba nikifore qsanTopuloss /igi konstantinopolis 

patriarqi iyo 1350-1353 da filoTeos kokinosis Semdeg 

xelmeored 1355-1363 ww-Si/, isic prokopis Txzulebas 

iyenebs, rasac Tavadve aRniSnavs: `/prokopi/ mogviTxrobs, 

rom maSin abazgebma airCies qristianTa moZRvreba, da TavianTi 

cxovreba ufro umjobesad gardaqmnes. da erTi evnuqi 

gaugzavna maT isutinianem, saxelad evfrata, maTive tomisa; 

mas unda aekrZala, rom amieridan aravisTvis waerTmiaT 

mamakacoba, ar unda exmaraT rkina, amisTvis sikvdiliT 

dasja iyo gankuTvnili. da metwilad imaTgan, vinc samefo 

sawol oTaxebSi msaxuroben, romelTac Cveulebriv evnuxebs 

vuwodebT, swored am tomis kacTagan arian dayenebulni. 

maSin iustinianemac RvTismSoblis saxelobaze taZari 

aago abazgTa qveyanaSi, romelic gamoirCeoda silamaziTa 

da sididiT, da rogorc mRvdlebi, ise sxva yvelaferi, rac 

sarwmunoebas exeba, mSvenivrad moawyo, amitomac aris, rom 

maTSi qristianuli dogmatebi zedmiwevniT sruldeba~ 

125


rogorc davinaxeT, dasavleT saqarTveloSi qristianuli 

religiis Sesaxeb bizantiel avtorTa TxzulebebSi 

sakmaod Zunwi uwyebani moipoveba. vfiqrobT, CvenTvis 

amosavali unda iyos prokopi kesarielis cnobebi, radgan 

sxva istorikosebi am avtors eyrdnobian; amasTanave, sagulisxmoa 

is faqtic, rom swored prokopi SeniSnavs, iustinianem 

ganaaxla /da ara aaSena an daaarsa/ iberTa monasteri 

ierusalimSi da lazTa monasteri ierusalimis udabnoSio. 

ase rom, prokopis cnoba – abazgebma `miiRes saqristiano 

rwmena da iustiniane mefem maT palatis erTi evnuqTagani 

gaugzavnao~, – exeba sarwmunoebis gavrceleba – ganmtkicebasa 

da monastris aSenebas da ara qristianobis miRebas. 

am azrs amyarebs agaTangelosis zemomotanili cnobac, 

grigol ganmanaTlebelma samRvdeloebis warmomadgenlebi 

gagzavna lazTa qveyanaSio, rac gulisxmobs, rom es IV s.- 

Si momxdara. 

zemoCamoTvlil bizantiel avtorTa cnobebi dasavleT 

saqarTveloSi qristianobis ganmtkicebis Sesaxeb mxolod 

istoriografiuli xasiaTisaa. sayuradReboa, rom es 

uwyebani qarTul mwerlobaSic asevea gadasuli, mxatvrulad 

ar gadamuSavebula da arc originaluri Txzuleba 

dawerila. 

rac Seexeba iberiis moqcevas, am Temaze saubrisas wm. 

efrem mcire, rogorc cnobilia, sargeblobs Teodorite 

kvirelis /393-457/8 w./ naSromiT. savaraudebelia, rom 

iberiis moqcevis Sesaxeb Teodorites, romelic 423 wlis 

axlo xanebSi antioqiasTan mdebare qalaq kviris episkoposi 

iyo, xelT unda hqonoda swored antioqiaSi daculi 

cnobebi. wm. efrem mciris mier ùwyebaÁSi~ maincdamainc 

Teodorites Txzulebis gamoyeneba imas miuTiTebs, rom 

aqcenti gakeTebulia qarTuli eklesiis antioqiur eklesiasTan 

kavSirze, ris warmoCenac ganapiroba im periodSi 

saqarTvelos bizantiasTan politikur da kulturul sarbielze 

dapirispirebam. 

am sakiTxs Teodorites garda mimoixilaven gelasi kesarieli 

/IV s./, rufinusi /IV-V ss./, sokrate sqolastikosi 

/daax. 380-440 ww./, ermia sozomene /IV-V ss./, Teofane 

126

JamTaaRmwereli (daax. 760-818 ww./ (yauxCiSvili 1941: 75), 

rogorc aRvniSneT, nikifore qsanTopulosi /XIV s./ da 

laonike xalkokondile /XV s./ (yauxCiSvili 1970: 92). es avtorebi 

umTavresad iyeneben gelasi kesarielis cnobebs. 

gelasi kesarieli, rufinusi, sokrate sqolastikosi, 

Teodorite kvireli, ermia sozomene da nikifore qsan- 

Topulosi sargebloben daaxloebiT msgavsi werilobiTi 

da zepiri wyaroebiT. am avtorTa uwyebaTagan yvelaze met 

sxvaobas Teodorites cnobebi amJRavnebs. 

sxva mweralTagan gansxvavebiT, Teodorite kvireli 

arafers ambobs imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom tyve-qalma Tavisi 

locviT miiqcia yvelas yuradReba; xolo qalebi mamakacebze 

met mondomebas iCenen qristianobis danergvis 

saqmeSi. gavixsenoT `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ personaJebi: sidonia, 

SroSana, anasto, damowafebuli `dedani~, nana dedofali, 

salome. Teodorites garda, yvela avtori acxadebs, 

rom mefes nadirobisas burusiT, nisliT Camowolilma 

wyvdiadma ar misca tyidan gamosvlis saSualeba, mxolod 

Teodorite SeniSnavs, rom am dros mefis amalis yvela 

wevri `Cveulebriv sargeblobda mzis SuqiT~, mxolod mefe 

iyo ùxedvelobis borkilebiT~ Sepyrobilio. Teodorite 

ar icnobs svetis aRmarTvis tradicias, romelsac exebian 

berZeni avtorebi, xolo qarTul wyaroebSi mas erT-erTi 

centraluri adgili ukavia. garda amisa, Teodorites 

TxzulebaSi araa dasaxelebuli “friad sarwmuno” bakuri, 

vis saxelsac ukavSirdeba am cnobaTa gadmocema. 

esaa is ZiriTadi sxvaobani, romlebsac amJRavnebs Teodorites 

Txzuleba sxva berZen avtorTa naSromebSi dacul 

uwyebebTan mimarTebiT. isic unda iTqvas, rom Teodorite 

avlebs paralelebs bibliur saxeebTan: mefeze wers, 

`kacTmoyvare ufalma inadira masze msgavsad pavlesi~, 

xolo tyve-qalze ki – `vinc beselieli xuroTmoZRvruli 

sibrZniT aRavso, iman es qalic Rirsyo madlis miniWebisa, 

raTa aRewera RvTis taZris saxe~ (yauxCiSvili 1961: 212). / 

sagulisxmoa, rom amave Sedarebas iyenebs nikoloz gulaberisZe 

`sveticxovlis sakiTxavSi~/ (sabinini 1882: 87-88). 

berZen avtorTagan mxolod nikifore wers, dedofali 

uCiCinebda mefes da unergavda lamaz cdunebas sawinaaRm- 

127

degod evas cdunebisao(yauxCiSvili 1967: 102). 

iberiis moqcevasTan dakavSirebuli kulturul-istoriuli 

sakiTxebi zemoCamoTvlil ucxoel avtorTa mier 

ZiriTadad asea aqcentirebuli: iberiaSi qristianoba 

iqadaga `tyve-qalma~; Tavisi misiis ganxorcieleba man daiwyo 

sneulTa gankurnebiT, romlis drosac uwamla iberTa 

mefis /mTavris/ colsac; xelmwifis moqceva moxda nadirobisas; 

qristes sarwmunoebis Zliereba tyve-qalma gansakuTrebiT 

svetis saswaulisas cxadyo; daxmarebis saTxovnelad 

iberebma mociqulebi gaugzavnes wm. konstantine 

dids. TiToeuli es movlena met-naklebad exmianeba movses 

xorenacis TxzulebaSi dacul cnobebs, xolo qarTul 

mwerlobaSi Taviseburi mxatvruli da kulturul-istoriuli 

elferiTaa Semosili. marTalia, Teodorite kvirelis 

da, aqedan, wm. efremis TxzulebaSic zogierTi CamoTvlili 

movlena ar aris moxseniebuli, magram is, rac ki aris, 

sakmarisia imisaTvis, raTa vimsjeloT saerTo tendenciebsa 

da tradiciebze, romlebic miemarTeba da ukavSirdeba 

iberiis moqcevas qarTuli wyaroebis mixedviT da romelTa 

axsna saWiroa ara mxolod kulturul-istoriuli “siu- 

Jetis” TvalsazrisiT, aramed simboluri mniSvnelobis 

niSanTa Ziebis aspeqtiTac. esaa sqema – modeli, rac `wm. ninos 

cxovrebis~ sxvadasxva redaqciis paradigmul saxeTa 

safuZvlad iqca. 

rogorc zemoT davinaxeT, movses xorenaci xazgasmiT 

miuTiTebs qarTlis gaqristianebis kavSirze somxeTTan, 

berZeni avtorebi – gelasi, rufinusi, sokrate sqolastikosi, 

ermia sozomene da sxvani iberiaSi qristianobis 

gavrcelebis konstantinopolur damokidebulebaze 

msjeloben, xolo wm. efrem mcire da Semdgom `sveticxovlis 

sakiTxavis” avtori nikoloz gulaberisZe, iseve rogorc 

sxva qarTveli moRvaweni, konstantinopolur-antioqiur 

damokidebulebas miiCneven yvelaze marTebulad, rac, 

rogorc Cans, ufro misaRebi iyo qarTuli eklesiisaTvis 

da aseTi formulireba mieca: momaqcevari qarTvelia, sarwmunoebis 

ganmtkiceba moxda konstantine didis daxmarebiT, 

avtokefalia ki mogveniWa antioqiisagan. 

yovelive zemoTqmulidan gamomdinare, safuZveli 

128

gvaqvs vifiqroT: Teodorite kvirels, romlis Txzulebi- 

Tac saqarTvelos saeklesio sakiTxebis kvlevisas isargebla 

wm. efrem mcirem, xelT unda hqonoda ramdenadme gansxvavebuli 

cnobebi, bizantiuri ìberTa moqcevis~ teqstis 

tipis erTgvari versia. 

rac Seexeba saqarTveloSi mociqulTa mier qristianobis 

qadagebis tradicias: am sakiTxs exebian evsevi kesarieli 

/daaxl. 260-340 ww./, `saeklesio istoriis~ mama, da 

epifane konstantinopoleli /moRvaweobda VIII s-is meore 

naxevarSi/ _ avtori àndrias cxovrebisa~, romelSic 

igi acxadebs, rom ar dakmayofilda werilobiTi wyaroebis 

/klimenti romaelis, evagre sicilielisa da epifane 

kviprelis/ gamoyenebiT da moiara zogierTi is adgili, sadac 

andria mociquli moRvaweobda (yauxCiSvili 1970: 92). 

evsevi kesarieli wers: `rodesac Cveni macxovris wminda 

mociqulebi da mowafeebi mTel msoflioSi gaifantnen, 

Tomas, rogorc gadmocema gviambobs, parTia xvda wilad, 

andrias – skviTiao~ (yauxCiSvili 1970: 92). faqtobrivad 

imaves imeorebs andrias Sesaxeb epifane konstantinopolelic, 

oRondac am mociqulis mier movlil mxareebs 

dawvrilebiT CamoTvlis: `kviprosis episkoposi epifane 

ambobs, gadmocemis mixedviT, netarma mociqulma andriam 

damoZRvra skviTebi da sogdianebi da gorsinebi dids sebastopolisSi, 

sadac aris afsaris cixe, hissos navsadguri 

da mdinare fazisi. iq mosaxleoben iberielebi, susebi, 

fustelebi da alanebi~. rogorc vxedavT, andrias mimosvlis 

are sakmaod farToa. amaze metyvelebs epifanes sxva 

cnobac: andria `mivida trapezuntSi, lazikis qalaqSio... 

iqidan is wavida iberiaSi~, ris Semdegac igi Cadis ierusalimSi. 

cota qvemoT istorikosi kvlav SeniSnavs, rom `simoni 

da andria wavidnen alaniaSi da qalaq fustaSi, maT 

mravali saswauli moaxdines iq, mravalni damoZRvres da 

wavidnen abazgiaSi. dids sebastopolisSi rom Cavidnen, 

iqadages RmrTis sityva. andriam dastova iq simoni da mowafeebiTurT 

wavida jiqeTSio~ (yauxCiSvili 1970: 58-59). es 

aris is mwiri cnobebi, romlebic daculia zogierTi bizantieli 

avtoris TxzulebebSi. 

129

wm. efrem mcire zemoxsenebuli mociqulebidan asaxelebs 

andrias, xolo, Tavis mxriv, rogorc Cans, sakuTriv 

mopovebuli wyaroebiT, andriasTan erTad moixseniebs 

barTlomes: `raJams winaswarmetyuelebisaebr daviTissa 

yovelsa queyanasa ganxda xma maTi da kideTa soflisaTa sityuani 

maTni, erTad kideTa amaTganad iTqumis CuenTÂsca 

mimoslvasa Sina wmidaTa mociqulTasa andria pirvelwodebulisa 

mier qadagebaÁ Soris avazgiaÁsa, romel ars afxazeTi. 

da mier warvlai oseTad, da kualad barTlomes mier 

mimovlaÁ CrdiloeTisaÁ, romel ars qarTli~ (efrem mcire 

1959: 8). wm. efrem mcire ar asaxelebs Tavis wyaros, magram, 

cxadia, iyenebs iseT masalas, romelic bizantiel avtor- 

TaTvis, vTqvaT, imave epifanesTvis, misaRebi iyo. aqve isic 

unda aRiniSnos, rom epifane erTgan wers: “pantekostis / 

suliwmindis mofenis/ Semdeg andria, simon kananeli, 

maTe da Tadeozi darCnen iq avgarosTan; danarCenebma ki 

moiares qalaqebi, iqadages da saswaulebi moaxdines, da 

Cavidnen iberiaSi da fazisSi” (yauxCiSvili 1941: 58). ra 

Tqma unda, bolo winadadebiT gaurkvevelia, Tu vin sad 

iqadaga qristes moZRvreba, magram, Cans, konkretuli wyaros 

mixedviT, barTlomes saxels ukavSirdeboda `CrdiloeTis, 

romel ars qarTli~, moqceva. 

Cven gverds vuvliT im sakiTxebs, Tu sxva avtorebTan 

rogoria mociqulTa mier saqarTvelos moqcevis tradicia 

da arc am problemisadmi miZRvnil gamokvlevebs SevexebiT. 

vfiqrobT, arsebiTia is faqti, rom im droisaTvis, 

rodesac wm. efrem mcire werda Tavis ùwyebaÁs~, am 

sakiTxis gadmocema aseTi SekumSuli formiT, fiqsirebiT, 

mSralad, SesaZleblad iqna miCneuli. amis Semdeg ukve winaa 

wamoweuli erovnuli ganmanaTleblis – wm. ninos moRvaweoba 

isev bizantiuri wyaroebis gaTvaliswinebiT. 

wminda ninos saxe gansakuTrebulobis niSniTaa mocemuli 

kaTolikos nikoloz gulaberisZis /1150-1178 ww./ naSromSic 

`sveticxovlis sakiTxavi~. masSi sagangebod aris 

gaanalizebuli yovladwminda RvTismSoblisa da wminda 

ninos saxeebi, maTi roli saqarTvelos gaqristianebaSi, 

mocemulia aseve tradiciul-qristianul saxeTa modelireba 

da qarTul reliqviaTa mniSvnelobis Sejameba, ris 

130

saWiroebac istoriulad Tamaris epoqam ganapiroba. 

wm. efrem mcire mociqulTa Semdeg saqarTveloSi 

qristes sarwmunoebis xelaxlad qadagebis mizezad asaxelebs 

imas, rom `daipyrna RuarZlman mekerpeTaman ara xolo 

Cuen Soris, aramed TviT berZenTaca Soris vidre JamTadme 

meored pavled zeciT wodebulisa didisa kostantinesTa~, 

ris Semdegac àmis keTilad msaxurisa mefisa JamTa RmerTman, 

romelman didTa da mravalTeslTa tomTaTvis izruna, 

arca Cuen mcireni dagviteva uRuawad, aramed esreT ganago 

kualad aRmowodebaÁ Cueni~ (efrem mcire 1959: 8). amas mosdevs 

tyve-qalis iberiaSi yofnis istoria da afxazTa umjobesad 

`Secvalebis~ ambavi iustinianes dros. nikoloz 

gulaberisZes wminda ninos saxe da masTan dakavSirebuli 

tradiciebi /maT Soris wm. efrem mciris ùwyebaÁSi~ daculic/ 

ainteresebs sruliad sxva kuTxiT, kerZod, im 

mimarTebiT, romelic gaamyarebda Tamaris avtoritets. 

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom XII s-is avtoris es Txzuleba aris 

sakralur-politikuri mniSvnelobis traqtati, radgan 

masSi Sejamebulia erovnul-religiuri saxe-simboloebi. 

imasac SevniSnavT, rom `sakiTxavSi~ Setanili “moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁ”@ aris leonti mrovelis TxzulebaSi mocemuli 

Sesabamisi ambis modificirebuli varianti. 

rac Seexeba cnobebs, romlebic daculia imave epoqis 

bizantieli avtorebis - Teodore balsamonisa da maTe 

blastaseris TxzulebebSi qarTuli eklesiis avtokefaliis 

Taobaze. 

Teodore balsamoni XII s-is moRvawea, ganaTlebiT iyo 

iuristi, patriarqis mTavari mrCeveli, xolo 1185-1191 ww- 

Si antioqiis patriarqi. misi mTavari naSromia XIV titulis 

`sjulis kanonis~ komentari, dawerili keisar manuil I 

komnenosisa /1143-1180 ww./ da konstantinopolis patriarq 

mixeil III anxialosis /1170-1178 ww./ rCeviT. am Sromas igi 

mTeli Tavisi sicocxlis manZilze amuSavebda. konstantinopolis 

II msoflio krebis /383 w./ meore kanonis ganmartebisas 

Teodore saubrobs iberiis eklesiis avtokefaliaze. 

igi wers: `nu gaikvirveb, Tu sxva eklesiebsac ipovi avtokefalurad, 

rogorc, magaliTad, bulgareTis eklesias, 

kviprosisas da iberiisas... iberiis arqiepiskoposi pativSi 

131

aiyvana antioqiis krebis dadgenilebam. amboben, rom maSin, 

rodesac RvTaebrivi qalaqis didi antioqiis uwmindes patriarqad 

iyo ufali petre, gamotanil iqna krebis dadgenileba, 

rom iqnes Tavisufali da avtokefaluri eklesia 

iberiisa, romelic maSin eqvemdebareboda antioqiis patriarqs~ 

(yauxCiSvili 1970: 17- 18). 

maTe blastaseris /XIV s./ cnobebis wyaro igivea, rasac 

iyenebs Teodore balsamoni, ase rom, mas Cven aq aRar moviyvanT, 

Tumca unda SevniSnoT, rom es avtori ar moixseniebs 

petre patriarqs (yauxCiSvili 1970: 119- 120). 

wm. efrem mcire am sakiTxze msjelobisas xazgasmiT 

aRniSnavs, rom cnobebi, `Tu odes iwyes TÂiT / qarTvelebma, 

g.a.) xelTdasxmad da viTarmed ara TÂnier wesisa da brZanebisa~, 

movipove “xronoRrafsa Sina antioqias aRwerilsao” 

(efrem mcire 1959: 8). 

ase rom, samive avtoris wyaro momdinareobs antioqiis 

sapatriarqoSi daculi dokumentebidan. gamovyofT Ziri- 

Tad monacemebs: 

1. iberiis arqiepiskoposi ekurTxa antioqiis krebis 

dadgenilebiT /Teodore balsamoni, maTe blastaseri/; 

2. petre antioqiis patriarqis dros gamotanil iqna 

krebis dadgenileba, rom iberiis eklesia yofiliyo Tavisufali 

da avtokefaluri /Teodore balsamoni/; 

3. iberiis eklesia im periodSi eqvemdebareboda antioqiis 

patriarqs /Teodore balsamoni, maTe blastaseri/. 

gasarkvevia, Tu rodis dadginda sabolood iberiis 

eklesiis avtokefaluroba: petre patriarqis dros, 

romelic antioqiis patriarqi iyo 1053-1057 ww.-Si, Tu romeliRac 

sxva krebaze, antioqiaSi rom Catarda. e. honigmani 

eWvs gamoTqvamda, Tu vis gulisxmobda Teodore balsamoni: 

petre mkawvrels Tu petre III-s (yauxCiSvili 1970: 18). 

martvilis xelnawerebSi daculia erTi Txzuleba, romlis 

saTauria `sityvis-gebaÁ laTinTa mimarT Cuen marTlmadidebelTa 

mier~. teqsti ase mTavrdeba: `rameTu esreT 

Sesaswavebel ars taxtikonsa Sina konstantinepolisasa, 

viTarmed mas Jamsa wminda meequse krebasa / 680 w./ konstantine 

poRonatisasa /668-685 ww./, da aRaTon romTa papisasa 

/678-681 ww./, giorgi konstantinepolisasa /679-686 

132

ww./ da Teofane antioqelisasa /681-685 ww./ da maT Tana 

asocdaaTTa mamaTagan gapatiosnda kaTalikozi qarTlisa 

da yves mamaTmTavrad da Tavisuflad da uflad yovelsa 

zeda saqarTvelosa, da merme kvaladve krebasa Sina antioqiisasa 

ganTavisuflda da ganpatiosnda, rameTu arRaravisgan 

xelqveS ars, aramed Tavisufali da mamamTavari ars~ 

(TayaiSvili 1913-1914: 117). 

rogorc Cans, XI s.-is Sua wlebSi antioqiis patriarqis 

petre III-is dros kvlav aRZrula sakiTxi saqarTvelos 

eklesiis damoukideblobis Sesaxeb da sakiTxi gadawyvetila 

antioqiis krebaze saqarTvelos sasargeblod, rac 

dasturdeba Teodore balsamonis zemomoyvanili cnobiT 


rogorc iTqva, wm. efrem mcire xazgasmiT miuTiTebs, rom 

igi “xelT dasxmisa da mironis kurTxevis” uflebis miniWebaze 

saubrisas sargeblobs antioqiuri qronografiT. T. 

bregaZe wers: nikon SavmTels `qarTvelTa moqcevis Sesaxeb 

igive masala gamouyenebia, rac wm. efrem mcires: es cxadyo 

nikon SavmTelis pandeqtebis slavur TargmanSi moTavsebuli 

antioquri xronoRrafis cnobebis Sedarebam wm. efrem 

mciris antioquri xronoRrafis cnobebTan~ (efrem mcire 

1959: 10). wm. efremi imasac SeniSnavs, rom amis safasurad 

qarTvelebma garkveuli xarji gaiRes: `mefeman qarTvel- 

Taman da yovelTa mTavarTa misTa dauweses patriaqsa antioqiisasa 

mosasyidelad nivTTa wmidisa mihronisaTa 

agarakebi aTasi kuamli queyanisagan qarTvelTaÁsa, raÁTa 

safasoÁ SemosavalTa maTTaÁ iyos fas nivTTa mihronisaTa, 

rameTu maT JamTa arsada sxuagan wmida iqmneboda mihroni 

TÂnier antioqias da mier ganeyofvoda yovelTa~ (efrem 

mcire 1959: 8). aqve imeorebs wm. efremi imaves: `da zemo xsenebulisa 

mis wil aTasisa kuamlisa dauwesa maT, raÁTa wli- 

Tiwlad moscemden Jamad-JamadTa patriaqTa antioqiisaTa 

aTassa drahkansa, romeli – igi moecemoda vidre dReTamde 

ioane wmidisa patriaqisaTa. rameTu man aniWa igi orestis 

wmidasa patriaqsa ierusalimisasa, romeli mividoda mociqulad 

basilis YTana mefisasa berZenTaÁsa, raÁTa missa saydarsa 

miecemodis qarTvelTa mier dRiTgan daewesa, raÁTa 

moxsenebaÁ oden saxelisaÁ aqundes qarTvelTa Soris an- 

133

tioqelisa patriaqsa~ (efrem mcire 1959: 10). 

dasaxelebuli avtorebi, romlebic exebian iberiis moqcevas, 

dabejiTebiT aRniSnaven, rom konstantinem daakmayofila 

axladmoqceul iberTa moTxovna da gaagzavna 

Rirseuli pirovneba. Teodorite ufro vrclad msjelobs 

am pirovnebis dadebiT Tvisebebze: konstantinem RvTis 

Secnobis mqadageblad iberebs gaugzavna kaci Semkuli 

rogorc morwmuneobiTa da gonierebiT, ise patiosani cxovrebiT 

da mRvdelmTavrobis pativis mqoneo (gamyreliZe, 

yauxCiSvili 1961: 213). mxolod gelasi kesarieli asaxelebs 

konstantinopolis episkoposs aleqsandres /327-340 ww./, 

romelsac konstantinem xelT daasxmevina iberTa episkoposi 

(efrem mcire 1959: 8). 

mas Semdeg, rac wm. efrem mcire asrulebs Teodorites 

cnobaTa Targmans, igi jer im sakiTxs exeba, rom Teodorites 

mier moxseniebuli tyve-qalis saxeli `sxuaTa werilTa 

Sina saxeldebiT povnil ars... rameTu berZnulad `nonna~ 

uwodian wmidasa mas, romelsa Cuen mcired SecvalebiTre 

`ninod~ saxel-vsdebT”, xolo amis Semdeg wers, rom saxeli 

“mivlinebulisa mis episkoposisaÁ esreT povnil ars, vi- 

Tarmed TviT evstaTi iyo antioqeli patriaqi, romelman 

daamyara eklesiad igi mirianis mier mcxeTas aRSenebuli 

da ukurTxa kaTalikosi mTavarepiskoposi~ (efrem mcire 

1959: 8). rogorc vxedavT, wm. efrem mcires Teodorite 

kvirelis cnobebi im kuTxiT ainteresebs, romelic xazs 

usvams qarTuli eklesiis antioqiurze damokidebulebas: 

`xolo mefeman qarTvelTaman da yovelTa mTavarTa misTa 

dauweses patriaqsa antioqiisasa mosasyidelad nivTTa 

wmidisa mihronisaTa agarakebi aTasi kuamli queyanisagan 

qarTvelTaÁsa... rameTu maT JamTa ara sada wmida iqmneboda 

mihroni TÂnier antioqias da mier ganeyofvoda yovelTa. 

amier icnobebis Jami moqcevisaÁ da viTarmed antioqiisa 

saydrisa Semdgom iyvnes xelTdasxmul iqmnebodes qarTlisa 

kaTalikozni~ (efrem mcire 1959: 8). 

wm. efrem mcire, albaT, imitomac irCevs maincdamainc 

Teodorites cnobebs wm. ninos Sesaxeb, rom es avtori iZleva 

ufro “mecnierul”, “meZieblobiT” informacias qarTlis 

moqcevis Sesaxeb. is SedarebiTi “sisavse”, rogoricaa 

134

sxva ucxoel avtorTa nawarmoebebSi, ra Tqma unda, bevrad 

Camouvardeba qarTul wyaroebSi dacul monacemebs, amitomac 

wm. efremi, saerTodac, gverds uvlis “wvrilmanebs” 

da ZiriTad aqcents mSral, faqtobriv uwyebebze akeTebs. 

damowmebani 

abulaZe 1967: abulaZe il. (redaqtori). giorgi mcire, `cxorebaÁ 

giorgi mTawmindelisaÁ~, Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis 

Zeglebi. wigni II (XI-XIV ss.), Tb.: gamomcemloba `mecniereba~, 1967. 

gamyreliZe, yauxCiSvili 1961: gamyreliZe al., yauxCiSvili s. georgika. 

t. I., Tb.: 1961. 

efrem mcire 1959: efrem mcire. uwyebaÁ qarTvelTa moqcevisasa, Tu 

romelTa wignTa Sina moixsenebis, Tb.: 1959. 

TayaiSvili 1913-1914: TayaiSvili e. Zveli saqarTvelo. t. III, gany. I, 

tf.: 1913-1914. 

kekeliZe 1980: kekeliZe k. Zveli qarTuli literaturis istoria. t. I, 


sabinini 1882: sabinini m.(gamomcemeli). saqarTvelos samoTxe. peterburgi.: 

1882. 

uxtanesi 1975: uxtanesi. istoria gamoyofisa qarTvelTa somexTagan. 

Tb.: 1975. 

yauxCiSvili 1941: yauxCiSvili s. georgika – bizantieli mwerlebis 

cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb. t. IV, Tb.: 1941. 

yauxCiSvili 1920: yauxCiSvili s. xronoRrafi giorgi monazonisa. 

tf.: 1920. 

yauxCiSvili 1963: yauxCiSvili s. georgika. t. V, Tb.: 1963. 

yauxCiSvili 1965: yauxCiSvili s. georgika. t. II, Tb.: 1965. 

yauxCiSvili 1967: yauxCiSvili s. georgika. t. VII, Tb.: 1967. 

yauxCiSvili 1936: yauxCiSvili s. georgika. t. III, tf.: 1936. 

yauxCiSvili 1966: yauxCiSvili s. georgika. t. VI, Tb.: 1966. 

yauxCiSvili 1970: yauxCiSvili s. georgika. t. VIII, Tb.: 1970. 

CxartiSvili 1987: CxartiSvili m. qarTuli hagiografiis wyaroTmcodneobiTi 

Seswavlis problemebi (`cxovrebaÁ wmidisa ninoÁsa~). Tb.: 

1987. 

xorenaci 1984: xorenaci m. somxeTis istoria. Tb.: 1984. 

135

Giorgi Alibegashvili, Nino Jvania 

136 

Foreign Sources on the Conversion of Georgia 

Summary 

Numerous significant data are found in the compositions of arious 

foreign (Byzantine or Armenian) authors on the conersion of Georgia. 

Some of them repeat their forerunners’ data but the essential fact is that 

part of these authors are public men of the 3 rd -4 th centuries and have important 

data on cultural and historical changes occurred in Georgia. Besides 

this, not but one figure or historical eent are frequently understood 

symbolically and create a single semantic environment in the context 

with Christianization of Georgia. 

The popular view established in the foreign materials is: in Georgia 

the advocates of Christianity are the Apostles of Christ (St.Andrew the 

First Called, Simon the Canonite, Bartholomew), as well as the national 

enlightener St.Nino Equal-to-the-Apostles. The strengthening of the 

Christian faith happened with the assistance of St.Constantine the Great 

and the autocephaly of the Georgian church was recognized by the Antiochian 

Patriarchate.

saxismetyveleba 

nana gonjilaSvili 

Ä Ã Â Á À À Á Â Ã Ä 

`ninos cxovrebis~ erTi paradigmuli saxe 

(kerp-RvTaeba armazis gansaxovneba) 

`ni n os cxo v re ba~ qa r Tu li qri s ti a nu li ku l tu r is safu 

Z ve l Ta sa fu Z ve lia. mis is to ri ul da li te ra tu r ul 

Ri re bu le ba ze me t y ve l ebs Txzu le b is ar a e r Ti re da q ciis 

ar se bo ba, ma s Si ga d mo ce m ul mo v le ne b ze sa ki T xa ve bisa 

Tu sa ga lo b le b is Se q m na, Semdgom epoqaTa av to r ebis mi er 

Txzulebidan momdinare sxvadasxva saxe-ideaTa is to riul 

da mxa t v r ul nawarmoebebSi Ca r T va. `ninos cxovrebis~ 

redaqciebSi mocemuli mravali mxatvruli saxe qarTuli 

esTetikuri azrovnebisaTvis farTo perspeqtivis mqone 

paradigmad iqca. samecniero literaturaSi `ninos cxovrebidan~ 

gamoyofilia araerTi modeli. am mravalsaxeobidan 

naSromSi ganvixilavT warmarT qarTvelTa kerp-RvTaeba 

armazs. 

kerpTa panTeonis mravalferovnebis miuxedavad (boCi, 

gaci, ga, ainina, danina, afrodita da sxv.), Zvel qarTul 

TxzulebebSi (`ninos cxovrebis~ redaqciebi, `qarTlis 

cxovrebis~ Zveli somxuri Targmani, Teimuraz da vaxuSti 

batoniSvilTa Txzulebebi) warmarTobis ZiriTad kerp- 

RvTaebad armazi iTvleba. armazi qarTveli eris SemecnebaSi 

mravalgvarad moiazreba: armazi _toponimikuri 

erTeuli, armazi _ warmarTuli kerp-RvTaeba, armaziormuzdi-ahura-mazda 

_ zoroastruli rwmenis simbolo, 

armazi _ sakuTari saxeli. da bolos, armazi rogorc paradigmuli 

saxe-idea. saqarTveloSi misi xsovna erTeul 

geografiul saxelwodebebSia Semonaxuli. axlac aris armazis 

xevi da masSi gamdinare àrmaz~ mdinare, romelsac 

àlmas~ mdinaresac uwodeben. amave xeobaSia armazis monastris 

nangrevebi. mdinare mtkvris marjvena sanapiroze, 

mcxeTis raionSi, arsebobs `qarTlosis~, anu armazis mTa. 

137

unda aRiniSnos, rom qarTuli miTosi armazs ar icnobs. igi 

ar aisaxa arc simRerebsa da arc legendebSi. su l x an-sa ba 

or be li a n is le q si ko n Sic armazi ar aris mo x se ne bu li, arc 

sa qa r T ve lo Si ar se bu li romelime ke r p is sa xe li gvxvdeba. 

armazis cixe-qalaqis Sesaxeb, romelic mdinare mtkvarze 

arsebobda, miTiTebulia ucxour, berZnul-romaul 

wyaroebSi; kerZod, straboni mas moixsenebs àrmozikis~, 

pliniusi _ `hermastis~, xolo ptolomeusi àrmastikas~ 

saxelwodebiT. yvela es saxelwodeba àrmazis~ berZnuli 

transkrifciaa. aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom armazi ar aris 

moxsenebuli bizantieli avtorebis (rufinuzi _ Vs., sokrate 

sqolatikosi _ Vs., sozomeni _ Vs., gelasi kesarieli 

da Teodorite kvireli) SromebSi, sadac moTxrobilia 

qarTlis moqcevis ambavi. aRniSnulis gamo ivane javaxiSvili 

eWvis qveS ayenebs `ninos cxovrebis~ Satberdul-Weli- 

Sur redaqciebSi aRwerili warmarTuli kerpis realurobas. 

samecniero literaturaSi gamoikveTa mosazreba, rom 

`ninos cxovreba~ IV s-is periods ukavSirdeba (r.siraZe, 

m.CxartiSvili, r.baramiZe, l.patariZe, g.narsiZe, g. kuWuxi- 

Ze, m.naWyebia), rom kerpTa aRweriloba da kerpTa msxvrevis 

epizodi `ninos cxovrebis~ erT-erTi uZvelesi plastia 

(r.siraZe, g.giorgaZe, v.goilaZe, g.kuWuxiZe). 

mo v s es xo re na ci `so m xe T is is to ri a Si~ moixsenebs arm 

azis warmarTul kerps iberiaSi da mas, somxuri RvTaebis 

Sesabamisad _aramazdad xmobs, rac ahura-mazdas saxelwodebidan 

momdinareobs. am Txzulebis mixedviT, armazis 

msxvreva mefe mirianis nadirobis dros movlenili mzis 

dabnelebis logikuri Sedegi iyo: `(nu n em) da u yo v ne b l iv 

mo s po We qa-qu xi l is (mo m av li ne be li) ar ama zd is qa n da ke ba, 

ro me l ic qa la qi sa g an ga n ca l ke ve b iT, di di mdi na r is me o re 

mxa r es id ga, rogorc wesi, dildilobiT yvela scemda mas 

Tayvans saxlTa saxuravebidan, saidanac saxiT Canda igi, 

Tu vinmes msxverplis Sewirva ewada, mdinareze gadadioda 

da bomonis win swiravda~ (mo v s es xo re na ci 1984: 86). 

kerp armazis warmomavlobis Sesaxeb mecnierTa Soris 

araerTgvarovani mosazreba arsebobs, Tumca yvela erTsulovnad 

aRniSnavs mis araqarTulobas. me c ni e r Ta er Ti 

na wi li (n. mari, a. xaxanaSvili, d. baqraZe, a. natroevi, m. an- 

138

dronikaSvili, r. siraZe) ar ma z is kerps zo ro a s t ro z mi d an 

mo m di na re RvTa e b ad mi i C n evs, sxva Ta az r iT (k. kekeliZe, 

m. wereTeli, a. afaqiZe, g. meliqiSvili, S. amiranaSvili, 

g. giorgaZe, g. kuWuxiZe), igi mci re az i u li wa r mo So bi saa. 

`mo q ce vaÁ qa r T li saÁs~ qro ni k is mi xe d v iT, qa r T l Si arm 

az ke r p is aR m ma r T ve l ad mi C ne u lia me fe fa r na va zi: `...fa rna 

v az. am an aR ma r T a ke r pi di di cxÂrsa ze da, da da s d va saxe 

li mi si ar ma zi da mo q m na zRu de wyliT ke r Zo da hrqvan 

ar m az~ (gv.82) * . 

aRniSnulis Sesaxeb araferia naTqvami `ninos cxovrebis~ 

sxva redaqciebSi. ufro sruli cnobebia le o n ti mrove 

l is Txzu le ba Si, sadac miTiTebulia kerpis saxelis 

warmomavloba, misi adgilsamyofeli da daniSnuleba: àm an 

ve fa r na v az Se q m na ke r pi di di sa xe l sa ze da TÂssa, ese ars 

ar ma zi, ra me Tu fa r na v azs spa r su l ad ar m az erqua~ (le o nti 

mro ve l i 1955: 25) da àm a r Ta ke r pi igi ar ma zi Ta v sa ze da 

qa r T li sa sa... da mokuda fa r na v az, da da f l es wi na Se ar mazi 

sa ke r pi sa~ (le o n ti mro ve l i 1955: 25). 

vaxuSti batoniSvili gvawvdis damatebiT cnobas armazis 

aRmarTvis Sesaxeb qarTlosis saflavze: àm an sa Su a lsa 

gac da ga i mi sa am a r Ta sa xe li sa TÂsi sa ke r pi ar m az...qa r- 

T lo s is sa f la v sa ze da~ (vaxuSti batoniSvili 1973: 6). 

Teimuraz batoniSvilis ìstoriaSi~ (Teimuraz batoniSvili 

1848: 117) armazTan dakavSirebiT aRniSnulia qarTlosis 

saflavis adgilsamyofeli _ qarTlosis mTa. 

am g va r ad, wya roTa umravlesoba kerp-ar ma z is aR ma r T v as 

me fe fa r na v azs uk a v Si r ebs, xo lo mis sa x els spa r sulidan 

momdinared Tvlis. fa r na va z is me fo b is pe ri o d is mi xe d v iT 

ganisazRvreba armazis aRmarTvis dro _ Zv.w. III-II ss. 

`ni n os cxo v re b is~ re da q ci e b Si kerp armazis aRweris 

mra va l ric xo v ne ba Ta vi s Ta v ad am t ki c ebs misi sa x is, rogorc 

ni mu S is, mo de l is xa si aTs; Sa t be r d ul re da q ci a Si 

mocemuli armaz is sa xe ba ki arqetipis mniSvnelobas iZens: 

`sa za ro dgo maÁ vi xi le. da aha dga ka ci er Ti spi le n Zi saÁ, 

da ta n sa mi s sa ecua jaWÂ oq ro sa da Ca f xu ti oq roÁsaÁ da 

samÃar ni es x n es frcxil da bi v ri ti, da xe l sa mis sa aq u n da 

Ãrma li le su li, ro me li brwyi n vi da da iq ce o da Ãel sa Si na 

* wm.ninos cxovrebis~ teqsts vimowmebT wignidan _ Zv. qarTuli agiograwm.ninos 

cxovrebis~ teqsts vimowmebT wignidan _ Zv. qarTuli agiografiuli 

Zeglebi, I, il. abulaZis red., Tb., 1963 (f aRniSnavs Satberdul redaqcias, 

, _ WeliSurs). 

139

missa...~ (f 119). 

WeliSuri redaqciis mixedviT, armazis aRweraSi gansxvavebulia 

mxolod erTi adgili: `...samÃar ni oq roÁsa ni ve 

da Tu a l ni vi T arca frcxi li da bi v ri ti...~ (, 119). 

`ninos cxovrebis~ redaqciebSi ar ma z is ga re g nu li aRwe 

risas sxva o ba, um e te s wi l ad, mJRa v n de ba kerpis `Tva li 

pa ti o s n is~ aRniSvnis dros. `ni n os cxo v re b is~ Sa t be r d ul- 

We li S ur re da q ci a Si is i ni frcxi li sa da bi v ri ti saa; le o n ti 

mro ve li, va xu S ti da Te i mu r az ba to ni S vi le bi armazs zur 

mu x t iTa da bi v ri tiT am ko b en; ar s en be r is `ni n os cxo vre 

b is~ re da q ci a sa da mis pe ri f ra z Si iak i n Ti da bi v ritia 

mo x se ne bu li; „qa r T l is cxo v re b is~ Zvel so m x ur Ta r g ma n- 

Si ki zu r mu x ti da bro li saxeldeba. unda aRiniSnos, rom 

bivritis Tvali yvela redaqciaSi dominirebs, rac mis simbolur 

datvirTvaze metyvelebs. * 

amrigad, ar ma z is RvTa e ba, yve la Zi ri Ta di li te ra turu 

li Tu is to ri u li wya r os mi xe d v iT, ga re g nu l ad an T ropo 

mo r f uli kerpia, spi le n Zi sa da rva li sa g an Ca mo s x mu li 

me o ma ri ma ma ka cia, oqrosagan ganWedili jaWvis sabrZolo 

samosiT, CafxutiT, samxreebiTa da sabrZolo qmedebisTvis 

SemarTuli xmliT. moZravi sabrZolo iaraRiT aRWurvili 

kerpis aRwera iSviaTobaa da msga v si ma ga li Ti xe l mi sa w vd 

om li te ra tu ra Si ar Se g v x ve d ria. 

griver farulava amasTan dakavSirebiT aRniSnavs, rom 

armazis aRwerilobis detalebi... ar qmnian cocxal poetur 

xats. `mkiTxveli ver `xedavs~ gamosaxulebas, sanam 

kerpis xelSi ar gaielvebs `Ãrma li...~ am Jestis meSveobiT 

ki gamosaxuleba amoZravda, figura gamoikveTa da mas ukve 

`vxedavT~ (farulava 1982: 137). 

Zvel qarTul TxzulebaTa avtorebis mier armazis kerpis 

konkretuli detalebis gamoyeneba-ganmeorebas garkveuli 

Teoriuli principi udevs safuZvlad: daicvan `WeSmaritebis 

aRweris~ principi. um Ta v re sia is, rom `ni nos 

cxo v re b is~ Sa t be r d ul-We li S ur re da q ci a Si wa r mo d ge nili 

ar m az ke r p is aR we ri lo ba id e a li ze bu li si s te m is xa siaTs 

at a r ebs, Se m dgomSi ki _ pa ra di g m ul po tenci as iZens. 

* bivritis saxismetyvelebis Sesaxeb ix. r.siraZe, wm.nino da deda-ufali, 

mnaTobi,1985, #№ 2; n. gonjilaSvili, erTi paradigmuli saxe, literatura da 

xelovneba, 1990, № #2. 

140

vasil barnovs romanSi _ àrmazis msxvreva~, armazis aRwerisas 

gamoyenebuli aqvs `ninos cxovrebis~ redaqciebSi 

mocemuli ZiriTadi modeli da masSi mxatvrul saxe-ideaTa 

meSveobiT garkveuli siaxlec Seaqvs. mi si ar ma zi mzea gab 

r w yi ne bu li; Tu m ca ke r pi rva li saa, ma g r am oq r os ab j armu 

za ra di me o m ri sa aqvs da `Wyvintiani~ fexsacmeli acvia, 

rac mis spa r s ul ier ze me t y ve l ebs: `kva r c x l be k z ed id ga 

arm az brwyi n va le. di di ta ni sa ma R al-ma Ra li. ga ci, ga i mi 

ma r j v n iv da ma r c x n iv sru l ta ni a n ni, Se da re b iT mo m c ro ni 

Ca n d n en. rva li sa g an Ca mo s x mu li did xe lo v ne b iT... me b r- 

Zo li Rme r Ti iyo ar m az da be q Ta ri ec va. gvi r g vi ni v iT muza 

ra di is ar ax ri li. sa m k la ve bi, xe l ja ge bi, sa ba r k ul-sa wvi 

ve e bi. Wvi n ti a ni fe x sa c me li. ab g ar-ab ja ri na We di oq ro. 

iq ce v is xma li am o w v di li~ (gv. 517) * . 

ar m az ke r p is aR we ri lo ba mo ce mu lia ak a ki we re Tl is 

po e ma S ic _ `wm. ni no anu _ qri stianob is Se mo Re ba sa qa r Tve 

lo Si~, ro me l ic er T g va ri ga me o re baa Zve li wya ro e bi sa: 

sul oq ro Si Ca m j da ria 

viT me to qe ma R la mzi sa (we re Tel i 1940 : 291). 

da xe d avs ar m azs oq r os ja W v iT 

xma l iT xe l Si mo e l va r es, 

mri s xa ne b iT ga d mo h yu r ebs 

sa qa r T ve l os yo v el mxa r es, 

_ ambobs poeti (iqve). 

kerp-RvTaeba ar ma z is ga re g no ba, mi si aR Wu r vi lo ba 

erTgvarad exmianeba bibliuri go li a Ti fi li s ti me l is aRka 

z mu lo ba s (siraZe 1984). davZenT, rom armazis garegnul 

saxeSi warmoCenilia ieremias epistoleSi aRwerili babilonis 

anTropomorfuli kerpebis zogierTi niSani, ker- 

Zod, isinic oqros, vercxlis kerpebia, oqros gvirgviniT, 

xelSi kverTxiTa da maxviliT. da ni el wi na s wa r me t y ve l is 

wi g n Si ga d mo ce m ul nabu qodo no so r is si z ma r Si aRwe rilia 

uz a r ma za ri anTropomorfuli ke r pi oqros, vercxlis, 

rvalisa da rkinis nawilebiT. ke r p is am g va ri aR we ri lo ba 

aer Ti a n ebs ar ma zu li tria d is (ar ma zi, gaci, ga ) spi le n Z Si, 

* v. ba r no vis romans àr ma z is msxvre va~ vimowmebT mwerlis Txz., t. 7, Tb., 

gamomcemloba `sa b Wo Ta mwe ra li~, 1923-25. 

141

ve r c x l sa da oq ro Si ga n We d il ke r p ebs. 

amave TvalsazrisiT sainteresoa armazis garegnuli 

msgavseba kolx mefe aietTan: àm a ve dros me fe aiet m ac 

fi c x l av Ca i c va ja W v is pe ra n gi, mkvri vi mTli a ni, rva l is 

beqTa ri.... Ta v ze da i d ga oq r os gvi r g vi ni, oTx bi bi lo v an- 

Ta v w y ve ti a ni, ise na Te li, Suqmo ci m ci me, vi Ta r ca di s ko 

cxo ve li mzi sa... as wia, ma R la Se a Ta ma Sa fa ri, mra va l k ec 

tya v ga dak ru li, da sa Si ne li Su bi mmu s ra vi...~ (apolonios 

rodoseli 1975: 150). 

grigol giorgaZe armazs garegnuli niSnebis mixedviT 

amsgavsebs boRazqois e.w. `mefis WiSkarTan~ gamosaxul 

mdgomare, jaWvis perangiT mosili meomari mamakacis reliefs 

(TeSubs), romelsac elvisa da mzis dari sabrZolo 

culi upyria xelT, welze xmali artyia, Tavze ki Cafxuti 

hxuravs. misive dakvirvebiT, xeTur da armazis kerpTa 

TiTqmis identuri agebulebis garda (sadac daculia aRweris 

mcireaziuli modeli), aRsaniSnavia kerpTa ansambluri 

ganlageba triadebis saxiT, da ma xa si a Te be li xe Tur-xu 

ri t ul RvTa e ba Ta pa n Te o ni sa T v is (giorgaZe 1988: 

120). 

ro g orc vxe d avT, ar ma z is ke r p is fi zi k ur aR we ri lo b as 

eZ e b ne ba Za l ze saintere so pa ra le le bi sxva da s x va ep o q is 

Txzu le be b Si. es ki TavisTavad mianiSnebs qristian avtor- 

Ta Teoriul principze _ kerpTa aRwerilobis idealizebul 

sistemaSi CarTon armazis kulturul-istoriuli 

saxe. 

Zvel qarTul werilobiT wyaroebSi mwiri cnobebi moipoveba 

armazis Tvisobrivi daxasiaTebisTvis. am TvalsazrisiT, 

sayuradReboa Txzulebis personaJTa damokidebuleba 

kerpis mimarT. `ninos cxovrebis~ redaqciebSi armaz 

RvTaebis Sefaseba ori gansxvavebuli TvalTaxedviTaa 

warmoCenili: qristianTa mxridan _ ninosa da sidonias 

mier, warmarTTagan _ mefe mirianis meSveobiT. wm. ninosa 

da sidoniasaTvis kerpebi usulo, `dawyeuli~, `sazareli~, 

`mtuerni~ da `nacarni~, `mWedelTagan ganWedili~ sagnebia; 

es, zogadad, qristianTa damokidebulebaa kerpebisadmi 

da Txzulebis qristian avtorTa poziciis maCvenebelia, rac 

warmarTuli RvTaebis damdablebaSi gamoixateba da mis mi- 

142

marT uaryofiTi poziciis ganmtkicebas emsaxureba. 

`ninos cxovrebis~ Satberdul-WeliSur redaqciebSi 

CarTulia wm. ninos werili mi ri a ni sa d mi, romelSic cxad 

ad ik ve Te ba ar ma z is bu ne ba: `su fe v da mas Si na so f li sa 

mpyro be li igi mTa va ri, ro me li qro da ha e ri sa su li Ta da 

STa a b ne v da yo ve l Ta su l Ta ka c Ta sa jo jo xe T ad~ (f 101). aq 

armazi moxsenebulia wuTisoflis meufed, rac jojoxeTis 

`mpyrobelis~ sinonimad aRiqmeba da kerpis araRvTiurobis 

maCvenebelia; mas upirispirdeba wm. ninos `sikvdiliTa sikvdilisa 

damTrgunveli~ RmerTi. 

sulxan-sabas leqsikonis mixedviT, `kacis bunebac soflad 

iTqmis~ (orbeliani 1966: 109). am ganmartebis kvalobaze, 

TxzulebebSi armazi, marTlac, adamianTa sicocxlis gamriged 

ixseneba, romlis xelSia qarTlis mkvidrTa arseboba. 

wm. ninosaTvis miwieri RmerTi armazi `bneli~, `dawyeuli~ 

da `sacTuri~ iyo, `romeli qroda haerisa suliTa~ (f 101). 

`haeris suliT qrolva~ SesaZloa dakavSirebuli iyos bunebis 

pirvelyofili miTis masalasTan. armazis TvisebebSi xom 

Cans stiqiis saxidan momdinare niSnebi. Tu qristiani avtorisa 

da wm. ninos poziciidan vimsjelebT, armazis `haeris 

suli~ SesaZloa, misi sulieri sicarielis maCvenebeli iyos. 

vasil barnovs ar gamorCenia armazis es niSan-Tviseba. 

`haeris suliT qrolva~, Cveni azriT, romanSi `piris qariTaa~ 

Canacvlebuli da sxvagvar datvirTvas iZens _ armazi piris 

qariT mzis naTels aqrobs; amgvari interpretacia ki kerp- 

RvTaebis yovlisSemZleobis gamokveTas emsaxureba, rac àrmazis 

msxvrevaSi~ araerTgzisaa aRniSnuli. 

`ninos cxovrebis~ Satberdul-WeliSuri redaqciis mixedviT, 

armazi, upirvelesi `RmerTi RmerTTaÁ~, `Crdilo~ 

qveynis mkvidrTaTvis cisa da qveynis Semoqmedad, sxva 

RvTaebaTa wesT gamriged iTvleba. kerp-RvTaeba armazis 

bunebis Sesacnobad sayuradReboa warmarTi mefe mirianis 

mier armaz-zadenis daxasiaTeba: `... aha es e ra Rme r T ni, did 

Ta na yo f Ta mo m ce me l ni da so f l is mpyro be l ni, mzis mo mfe 

ne l ni da wÂ mi sa mo m ce me l ni, qu e ya n iT na yo f Ta ga n m z rde 

l ni... yo v li sa da fa ru li sa ga mo me Zi e be l ni~ (f 132). 

mo v s es xo re na ci `so m xe T is is to ri a Si~ ar m azs Weqa-quxi 

l is RvTa e b ad Tvlis: `(nu n em) da u yo v ne b l iv mo s po We- 

143

qa-qu xi l is (mo m v li ne be li) ar ma z dis qa n da ke ba...~ (mo v s es 

xo re na ci 1984: 170). amgvari cnoba qarTul wyaroebSi ar 

moipoveba. 

mi ri an me f is zemoaRniSnuli sityvebidan irkveva, rom 

ar ma zs xelewifeba bu ne b is mo v le naTa ganmgebloba _ 

wvi m is mo ce ma da mzis mo fe na. igi na yo fi e re b is RmerTicaa, 

maszea damokidebuli `qu e ya n iT na yo f Ta~ gamoRebagazrda. 

mirianisaTvis armazi qarTlis upirvelesi Rmer- 

Tia _ `RmerTi RmerTTaÁ~. Tu wm. ninosaTvis `soflis 

mpyrobeloba~ kerpis damcireba-ganqiqebas moaswavebs, 

mirianisaTvis es armazis RvTaebriobis, yovlisSemZleobis 

maCvenebelia. qristiani avtorebi mirian mefis rwmenas 

kerp-RvTaebaTa mimarT fsiqologiuri simarTliT, sarwmunod 

gadmogvcemen, raTa Semdgom, misi gaqristianebisas, 

mZafrad SegvagrZnobinon `codvis nislSi~ myofi mefis maradiul 

naTelTan ziarebis bedniereba. marTlac, `ninos 

cxovrebis~ Satberdul-WeliSur redaqciaSi axladmoqceulni 

(gansakuTrebiT, _ miriani) kidev ufro mkacrni 

arian kerpis SefasebaSi. garda zemoCamoTvlili epiTetebisa, 

mas `SeCvenebulis~, èSmakis~, `macduris~, `jojoxeTisa~ 

da `bneleTis mTavris~, `queynis mtuerisa da nacris~, 

`kacis mkvlelis~ da sxva saxeldebebiT moixseneben. 

ase rom, wm. ninos kerpebisadmi damokidebuleba aisaxeba 

mirianis mefis saxeSi, romelic ufro met Seurigeblobas 

iCens kerpTayvanismcemlobis mimarT. aRniSnuls cxadyofs 

mefe mirianis anderZi Tavisi Zisadmi, sadac mefe daundoblad 

amxels kerpTa ukacur bunebas da maT saqmeTa Tanaziar 

mTebsac àspolvis~ Rirsad miiCnevs: `...aw sa da ca hpo ve 

qu e ya na sa Si na Sensa ke r p ni, ce c x li Ta da wu en da na ca ri ma- 

T ni Seasu maT, vin maT eg lo v d is. da ese am c en Svi l Ta Se n- 

Ta...~ (f 162). mirian mefis amgvari mowodebis pirvelsaxe 

iZebneba bibliaSi. mosem uflis CagonebiT itvirTa egviptidan 

gamoyvanili cdomili xalxis mier aRmarTuli kerpis 

daqceva: `da ÃboÁ igi, ro m el qmnes, da w va igi ce c x li Ta, 

da mu s r na wvli l ad da STa a b nia igi wya l sa da as va igi Ze Ta 

is ra e li sa Ta~ (gam. 32, 20). 

TxzulebaTa ganxilva cxadyofs, rom gaqristianebuli 

mi ri an me f isaTvis ke r pe bi is e Ti ve da t vi r T v is matarebel- 

144

ni ga x d n en, ro go ri SinaarsiTac arsebobdnen is i ni wm. ni nosa 

T v is. amdenad, mi ri an me fe wm. ni n os su li e ri me m k vi d rea. 

aRsaniSnavia, rom `ninos cxovrebis~ redaqciebs Soris 

kerpis mimarT uaryofiTi epiTetebi yvelaze bevria WeliSurSi, 

sxva redaqciebSi kerpTa saZraxisi saxeldebebi 

iSviaTobaa. leonti mroveli kerpebs `sakvirvelebasa 

miuwvdomels da eniTa gamouTqmels~ uwodebs; arsen beri _ 

èSmaks~ da `sazarel saocrebas~; xolo vaxuSti da Teimuraz 

batoniSvilTa TxzulebebSi kerpTa ganqiqebis motivi 

ar iZebneba. Zvel TxzulebebSi yovelive es kerpTayvanismcemlobis 

winaaRmdeg sabrZolvelad unda iyos warmoCenili. 

momdevno epoqebSi, qristianobis damkvidrebis Semdeg, 

aRar arsebobda kerpTa usazRvro ganqiqebis aucilebloba. 

amasTanave, Semdegdroindeli avtorebi istoriuli da 

mxatvruli TvalsazrisiT ganixilaven da afaseben movlenebs, 

cdiloben obieqturi suraTis Cvenebas. 

`ninos cxovrebis~ mxatvrul saxe-ideaTa paradigmulobis 

warmosaCenad sayuradReboa vasil barnovis romanSi 

personaJebis kerpebisadmi damokidebulebis Cveneba. àrmazis 

msxvrevaSi~ armazis usasrulo qeba-dideba ismis. igi 

mirianisa da warmarTTa mier saqarTvelos mfarvel àrmaz 

brwyinvaled~, `naTel Semoqmedad~, `keTilmyofelad~, 

`lamaz RmerTad~ moixseneba; wm. nino ki maT ùgulo~ da 

ùazro RvTaebebad~, qvisa da liTonisagan Seqmnil usulo 

raobad miiCnevs, ukacuri wesebis mqoneT jojoxeTsa 

da satanas adarebs. romanSi qristianobis mimarT Tqmuli 

epiTetebis ganxilvidan Cans, rom warmarTaTvis qristianoba 

aseve `bneli Zalaa~, satanuri, keTilTan mebrZoli, 

jojoxeTiT mosuli Zneli rjulia. v.barnovi gvaCvenebs, 

rom ar SeiZleba movlenebisadmi calmxrivi midgoma. igi 

mravali kuTxiT afasebs mimdinare procesebs da ara mxolod 

qristianuli TvalsazrisiT. misi mizania istoriuli 

sinamdvilis mxatvruli asaxva, politikuri dapirispirebis, 

erovnuli cnobierebis warmoCena, axali faseulobebisa 

da `mtkivneuli~ cvlilebebisadmi araerTgvarovan 

damokidebulebaTa Cveneba-Sefaseba. 

`ninos cxovrebis~ redaqciaTa avtorebi cdomili, `Crdilo~ 

qarTlis mTavari kerpis Tvisebebze amaxvileben yu- 

145

adRebas da wm. ninosa da sidoniasgan armazis daxasiaTeba- 

Sefasebas sakuTar Sexedulebebsac urTaven. maTi TqmiT, 

warmarTaTvis gu l Ta m xi la vi armazi qveynis keTildReobisTvis 

mzrunveli, ada mi a n Ta bu ne b is mpyro be li, qarTlis 

mkvidrTa cxovrebis meTva l yu re kerp-RvTa e baa, raTa 

boroteba ar gavrceldes da codva ar momravldes adamianTa 

Soris. igi SurismaZiebeli RmerTia da ara _ mimtevebeli, 

gulTmisania da yvela Semcode mlocvelis msajulic. 

`ninos cxovrebis~ yvela redaqcia TiTqmis ucvlelad 

imeorebs Satberduli redaqciis variants: `da xelsa 

missa aqunda Ãrmali lesuli, romeli brwyinvida da iqceoda 

Ãelsa Sina, reca Tu romeli Seexebin, Tavi TÂsi sikudid 

ganiwiris. da ityÂn: `vaÁ, Tu da-sada-vaklo raÁ didebasa 

RmrTisa armazissa da Se-rasme vscTe sityuasa ebraelTa 

Tana, gina moguTa smenasa oden daxudomil viyo, mzis msaxurTa. 

da romelnime ityÂan ucebni didisa visme RmerTsa 

caTasa da nuukue povis raime CemTana biwi da mces maxÃÂli 

igi misi, romlisagan eSinis yovelsa queyanasa~. da SiSiT 

Tayuanis-scemdes yovelni~ (f 119). am epizodidan irkveva, 

rom armazis kerpi qarTlis mkvidrTa brma morCilebasa da 

Tayvaniscemas SiSis gziT axorcielebs: àrvin ganukrZalvelad 

SeemTxueodis kerpsa mas~ (leonti mroveli 1986: 89); 

SemcodeTa Soris ki CamoTvlilia _ mzis msaxurTa (mogv- 

Ta) mindoba, ebraelTa Tanadgoma da caTa didi RmerTis 

cnoba, rac qristes unda gulisxmobdes. amdenad, armazi 

mosamarTle da si k v d il-si co c xlis ga m ri ge kerp-RvTa ebaa; 

Tavisi sisastikiTa da xmlis meSveobiT aiZulebs adamianebs 

codvaTagan ganridebas; mociqulia miwasa da zecas, 

adamiansa da mzes Soris da am kavSiris simtkicisaTvis 

zrunavs; ar ma zi wa r ma r Tu li pa n Te o n is sxva Rme r Te b is we s Ta 

ga m ri gea. meomari kerp-RvTaeba qarTlis samefos saxelmwifo 

erTianobisa da warmarTuli religiis mTavar burjad 

moiazreba. igi qa r T l is er T an er T ad me f is sa m sa xu r s ac 

moiTxovs: `da SiSiT Tayuanis-scemdes mas mefe da yovelni 

erni misni~ (, 119). 

vasil ba r no v is ro ma n Si RvTa e ba ar ma z is gansaxovneba 

er T g va ri ga n me o re baa `ni n os cxo v re b is~ Sa t be r d ul-Weli 

S uri re da q ci is mo na ce me bi sa, imavdroulad _ mxatv- 

146

uli pasaJebiT datvirTuli. ar ma zi aq ac sxva RvTa e ba Tag 

an ga mo r Ce u li da ufro si `Rme r Tia~: ìs iyo ex la uf ro si 

Rme r Ti sa m f lo be lo si~ (gv. 409). `ninos cxovrebis~ redaqciaTagan 

gansxvavebiT, romanSi mkveTradaa warmoCenili 

armazis mziuri buneba. igi mzis Svilad iTvleba; amasTanave 

ut e xi, ma ma ci me b r Zo li da qve y n is mcve lia: ùt e xia 

ar m az Zli e ri, ur ye ve lia Tva l wa r m ta ci mis ma ma co ba, sal 

klde zea da m k vi d re bu li da Za l ni me b r Zo l ni Sa ve Ti sa ver 

er i v n en mas~ (gv. 461); me di du ro ba, pa ti v mo y va re o ba ar ma zis 

da ma xa si a Te be li Tvi se be bia: `ka ku ra zi Rme r Ti iyo ar m az 

di de bu li: Tu ar di d k acT Svils, msxve r p l ad sxvas ar mi i- 

Re b da...~ (gv. 517). me b r Z ol ar m az kerps `rva l is mke r d Si fola 

d is gu li~ (gv. 506) ud evs, ro me l ic mtri sa da mo Ra lat 

is mi m arT Su ri s ge bi Taa aR v si li. ro ma n S i, ise viT `ninos 

cxovrebis~ redaqciebSi, ar ma zi ma r T l m sa ju li RvTa e baa, 

romelmac ar icis Sendoba: `ma r T l m sa ju li Rme r Ti iyo 

ar m az. Se m co de ga n ma ri s xe be li nu mi e a x le bo da mas. nurc 

Se sa wi r ad: al ma s is xma li ga h k ve T da co d v ils~ (gv. 517). romanSi 

gansakuTrebiT xazgasmulia armazis SurismaZiebeli 

buneba: `gu l Ta mxi la vi TvalT ay o le b da bo ro t is mgu l ebs 

Se sa za ri mi si Se xe d va: myis ga n s W v re t da sa i du m l os, yo v els 

da fa r uls ga na c xa de b da~ (gv. 517). wm. ni n oc be di s we ra sa v iT 

ga ni c d is mis mi s n ur mzeras: `ver Se s Z lo di d x ans da Ji ne b iT 

Ca k vi r ve ba~ (gv. 517); `su l Si ut a re b da xe d va Ta is r ebs~ (gv. 

518). 

`la m is ga m te x os am ker p is Tva l ma~ (gv. 517) – ambobs igi; 

mo ci qu li qa li sa T v is igi mar to ug u lo da uaz ro Rme r Ti 

ar ar is, vi Ta r ca `ni n os cxo v re b is~ re da q ci e b Si, ar a m ed 

wm. ni no si co c x l es xe d avs ke r p is Tva le b Si da su l d g mu l- 

T an aig i v ebs ar m azs, rac sru li ad ew i na a R m de ge ba mis ar qeti 

p ul sa x es. aq da m ci re b is wil Za l Ta Se fa se ba da me to q is 

si Z li e re mJRa v n de ba. amgvari fsi qo lo gi uri mu x t is Seta 

n iT vasil ba r no vi am Za f r ebs armazisa da wm. ninos, warmarTobisa 

da qristianobis daundobel orTabrZolas. arqe 

ti p ul sa xe s T an Tvi so b r iv msga v se ba s T an er T ad, vasil 

ba r no v is ro ma nis mixedviT, ar ma z is ke r p is bu ne ba Si Se i ni Sne 

ba ga n s x va ve bu li niS ne b ic. aq kerp-RvTa e ba ga a z re bu lia, 

ro g orc spa r se Ti d an Se mo su li sa r w mu no ebis an a re k li. 

147

uc xo d an mosul RmerTs es vi an qa r T ve l ni, ra d g an ar ma zi 

àm qve ya na Si qa r T v elT Rme r T s ve da h g va ne bia; mi u Ria aqauri 

sa xe, Tvi se ba. mci r ed ir Ce va mkvidr Rme r Te bi d an~ (gv. 

519). ro g orc vxe d avT, ar ma zi vasil barnovis gansaxovnebaSi 

spa r su li wa r mo ma v lo b is qa r T ul tra di ci ebT an Se zr 

di li Rme r Tia, ma ma pa p ur Zvel Rme r Te b ze am a R le bu li, 

me fe Ta mi er qve y n is sa si co c x lo in te re se b is da sa ca v ad 

aR ze ve bu li. 

amrigad, vasil barnovi armazis gansaxovnebas, arqetipuli 

saxis TvisebebTan erTad, axali gamomsaxvelobiTi 

niSnebiT amdidrebs da RvTaebriobis gancdac ufro sagrZnobi 

xdeba. aq armazis saxismetyvelebis dafaruli niSnebi 

cxaddeba da axleburi mimarTeba myardeba arqetipTan. 

qarTlis mkvidrTaTvis ar ma z is `mzis mo mfe n el~ bu ne baze 

me t y ve l ebs `ninos cxovrebaSi~ aRwerili mzis dabnelebis 

suraTi, rodesac sasowarkveTili mefe armazs SesTxovs 

naTlis dabrunebas. am mimarTebiT sayuradReboa Teimur az 

ba to ni S vi l is ìs to ri a Si~ msxve r p l is gaRe ba s T an da ka v- 

Si re b uli er Ti pa sa Ji: `mo i Re b d es wi na Se ar m az Rme r Tisa 

maTi sa sa m Te l Ta did di d Ta... da mra va l Ta aR a n Te b d es 

wi na Se mi s sa. ese ni S na v da ar ma zi sa uw mi n de si sa gan na T lisa 

So bi le ba sa~ (Teimur az ba to ni S vi l i 1848: 192). ro g orc 

Cans, ar ma z is wi na Se da n Te bu li sa n Te li, si m bo lu r ad, ke rpi 

sa g an na T l is So b as aR ni S na v da. 

TxzulebaTa mixedviT, armazis, viTarca mzis gamomxatvel 

miTologiur saxe-idead warmoCenas sxvadasxvagvari 

axsna eZebneba. Zve li qa r Tu li Tqmu le b is Ta na x m ad, mze Cas 

v li s as oq r os af r q v evs. SesaZloa vi fi q r oT, rom Ca ma va li 

mze Ta v is na T els ar ma z Si an i v T ebs. am i t om oq ro cu r vi li 

ar ma zi warmarTaTvis Rameuli mzis xatia, miwieri mze. 

arsebobs aseTi Tqmu le b ac: mzes aqvs Ta vi si saxli. igi 

spi le n Zi saa. oqros rvaliT Semosili armazi spilenZis kerpia, 

e.i. ar ma z is sa xe Si ga ni v Te bu lia mara di u li mzis su ra- 

Ti _ Ca ma va li mzis oq ro da mzis sa ku T re ba _ spi le n Z is 

sa x li, na T l is sa va ne mi wa ze. le o n ti mro ve l is Txzu le ba Si 

ga d mo ce mu li fa r na va z is si z ma r ic er T g va r ad uk a v Si r deba 

ar m az kerpis mzi u ro b as; farnavaz me fe mzis na Tel Ta naa 

wi l na ya ri da mziurobas anivTebs Tavis aRmarTul kerpSi, 

148

ad g an àm a n ve fa r na v az Se q m na ke r pi di di sa xe l sa ze da 

TÂssa: ese ars ar ma zi, ra me Tu fa r na v azs spa r su l ad ar m az 

er qua~ (le o n ti mro ve l i 1955: 25). 

aRniSnulTan dakavSirebiT sa i n te re soa Salva am i ra na- 

S vi l is mi er Se s wa v li li er Ti ste la aR bu la x is ra i o ni d an 

(am i ra na S vi l i 1944: 54). es Ze g li mdga ra kva r c x l be k ze da 

mas Ta y v ans sce m d n en vi Ta r ca wm. gi o r g is xats. Salva am ira 

na S vi li azriT, es RvTa e ba ar m az ke r pia, ro me l s ac mke rd 

ze ga mo sa xu li aqvs ori wre. 

irakli su r gu la Ze `wi le di RvTa e be b isa~ da `na wi li a n- 

Ta~ Te o ri is kva lo ba ze aR ni S n avs, rom `rac Se e xe ba mke rd 

ze ga mo sa x ul wre ebs... aq mna To b is ga mo sa xu le be bi un da 

gvqo n d es mo ce mu li~ (su r gu la Ze 1986: 133). safiqrebelia, 

rom kerp armazis saxes SemdgomSi Caenacvla wm. giorgis 

xati. aRniSnuli transformaciis saerTo safuZveli Sesa- 

Zloa mzisa da naTlis esTetika iyos. 

vasil ba r no v is ro ma n Si ar m az ke r p is mzi u ri sa xe ba uf ro 

mkve T ra daa wa r mo Ce ni li da am kuTxiTaa gax s ni li Txzu leb 

is mni S v ne lo va ni sa xe-id e e bi. gansakuTrebulia arma zobi 

s as ke r pi sa da mzis ur Ti e r Tobis am sa x ve li mxa t v ru li 

su ra Ti: `Te n de bo da dRe sa s wa u li. ic o da mzem, Ta vi si sa yva 

re li Svi l is ar ma z is dRe o ba iyo da mTe li brwyi n va le biT 

iw yo Se mo s va. Se a r xia ais is frTe bi; va r d is fu r c le b is 

ma ra od ga Sa la al i o ni; am o s ci l da mna To bi mzis fxas da 

mi u lo ca ar m azs Ta vi si dRe: sxi v Ta mra v lo b iT ga da h ko cna, 

ga da e x via. ga a xa ra ar m az dide bu li mzis Tbi l ma al er 

s ma, tkbi l ad aR e l va, sxivT bu n j g le bi ga u m ra v la mTel 

ar se ba Si, aal a p la pa. la ma zi iyo RvTa e b ri vi ma Ti al e r si~ 

(gv.552). 

mzi s k en swra f vaa ar ma z is ax le bu ri mxa t v ru li Sinaarsis 

am o sa va li pri ncipi. ro ma n Si ar ma z is ga mo m sa x ve lo bi- 

Ti yo ve li ni u a n si mzis mi m arT si m bo lu r ad metyvelebs. 

ase ma ga li Tad, `wm. ni n os cxo v re b is~ re da q ci e b Si aR we rili 

arma z is el v is da r ad mbrwyi na vi xma li v. ba r no v is mxat 

v r ul wa r mo sa x va Si mzis sxi v ad ga ni c de ba: `da S n ad up yria 

sxi vi mzi sa fo la de bu li~ (gv. 505). mweralma àr ma z is 

msxvvre va Si~ me fe fa r na va z is sa f la v is aR we ri s as Se q m na 

me t ad mni S v ne lo va n sa xe-id e a Ta rTu li si s te ma: àr ma z is 

149

win, fa r na o z is sama re z ed, dru n gi l is lo di su f T ad na Tali. 

gars xve u li Cu qu r T ma ev lo va ra yi a ni. sa f la v is qvis 

Su a z ed Ca W de u li frTi an mzis sa xe sxi vo s ne bu li. mTe li 

mze oq ro d an na k ve ri~ (gv. 517). am erT ep i zo d Si Ta v mo y rilia 

wa r ma r Tu li es Te ti ku ri az ro v ne b is ga mo m xa t ve li 

sa xe-id e e bi: mze, mi si ga mo sa xu le ba mi wa ze _ ar ma zi; me femze 

_ fa r na va zi; misi sa f la vi, da m S ve ne bu li ah u ra -ma zd 

as si m bo lo frTo sa ni oqros mziT. yve la am sa x es msWval 

avs mzi sa da na T l is es Te ti ka. ro ma n is mi xe d v iT, ar ma z is 

wi na Se sa lo ca v ad mi su li ma ve d re be li mTel ar se biT eq ceo 

da RvTi u r ga re mo c va Si: mze, ar ma zi, fa r na va zi. ar ma z is 

wi na Se mu x l mo y ri li mlo c ve li Su b l iT ex e ba fa r na va z is 

sa f l avs, ro me l ic wmi n da ad gi lia. es epizodi erT g va ri 

ga mo x ma u re baa le o n ti mro ve l is `me fe Ta cxo v re ba Si~ ga dmo 

ce mu li cno bi sa: `... da mtki ce da uf ro si sa fi ca ri ma- 

Ti (qar T ve l Ta _ n. g.) iyo sa f la vi qa r T lo si sa~ (le o n ti 

mro ve l i 1955: 11). fa r na va z is mi m arT pa ti vi s ce ma ar ma zi s 

Ta y va ni s ce m as gu li s x mo b da da or i ve er T ad ki iyo mzis wina 

Se fi ci, wminda da gautexeli. ro ma n is mi xe d v iT, ar ma z is 

mzi ur Rme r T ad mi C ne v as ad a s tu r ebs is ga re mo bac, rom quru 

m Tu xu ce s is gvi r g v ins am ko b da ara arma z is an T ro po mor 

fu li ga mo sa xu le ba, ar a m ed mzis di s ko. quru m Tu xu ce sis 

ke r pi sa d mi sa m sa xu ri ki mzis Ta y va ne b as gu li s x mo b da. 

mzis ier sa x is mqo ne ar ma zi giorgi le o ni Z is sa xi smetyve 

le ba S ic ga mo v li n da. po e ti qa r T ve li xa l x is up i rve 

l es RmerTs _ zu r mu x t iTa da bi v ri t iT Se m k ul ar m azs, 

mzis mo ci qu l ad mi i C n evs: `sa qa r T ve l os xa l xi od i T ga n ve 

ad i de b da mzes... eri mzis msa xu ri da na Te l Se mo q me di ar icno 

b da RmerTs ga re Se mzi sa. cxel qa l de a Si man ad i da as tar 

ta da sa r ki ne T is mxi a ru l mwve r va l z ed man Se a m ko ar ma zi 

oq ro iT, zu r mu x t iT da bi v ri t iT... ar ma z ic mzes em a gi e rebo 

da da ro g orc mzis mo ci quli, Ta vi si uR i r so b is mi u xeda 

v ad, ig ic pa ti v sa c em sa fe xu r ad iT v le ba qri s te m de~ _ 

wers po e ti (le o ni Z e 1986: 72). 

am eses mixedviT, armazi iranuli warmomavlobis kerpia, 

elinizmiT Senelebuli da qarTulad ganaTebuli, viTarca 

bevri sxva ram arsebuli qarTul sinamdvileSi. giorgi leo 

ni Z is mxa t v r ul wa r mo sa x va Si Ca r Tu li arma z is fe no me ni, 

150

am mxriv, vasil ba r no v is ro ma n Si xorcSesxmul spa r s T m flo 

be lo b is ma C ve ne b el da qa r T ul mi wa Si fe s ve b ga m d ga r 

ar ma z is mxa t v r ul sa x es ex mi a ne ba. maT So r is sxva o ba caa. 

giorgi le o ni Zi sa T v is ar ma z is sa xe ba po e zi i sa da mxa t vru 

li sit y va q m na do b is aR o r Zi ne ba s T an mi ma r Te biT ganixileba 

da mi si ga na x le ba qa r Tu li su li e re b is, es Te ti ku ri 

az ro v ne b is wi n s v l as mo a s wa v ebs. 

Se mo q me d is xe d va Si ar ma zi qa r Tu li su l is Ta vi su f leb 

is si m bo lo daa qce u li, ro me l ic am ze v de ba da `di li m z es~ 

Se mo pa ti Je b is da r ad _ `mzev Sin Se mo dio~ _ sa ku T ar sxeuls 

da u b ru n de ba: `be di s we r iT iv no saqa r T ve lo da dRes 

mze v de ba Ta vi su f le b iT, us a Tuod su l ic da u b ru n de ba 

sa ku T ar sxe uls, ro g orc na za m T ra li me r c xa li ga za f xuli 

an sa m So b l os. ain Te ba ar ma zi... ain Te ba qa r Tu li su li~ 

(le o ni Z e 1986: 72-73). giorgi le o ni Zi se u li ar ma zi si y varu 

li T, im e d iT, si co c x l iT an Te b ul ma ra d m bo r g av qa r T ul 

suls ga mo xa t avs. am de n ad, qa r T ul cnobierebaSi ar ma z is 

fe no me ni ma ra di ul si ma R le Ta wvdo ma s eziara. 

kerp-RvTa e ba ar ma z is sa x is gasaazreblad sayuradReboa 

guram do Ca na S vi l is ro ma n i _ `samo se li pi r ve l i~, romel- 

Sic kerpis saintereso saxeqmnadobas vxvdebiT. unda 

aRiniSnos, rom Txro ba ex e ba ara romelime ko n k re t ul 

ke rps, ara m ed ka co b ri o b is is to ri is mo na ce me b ze da y rd 

no b iT Se q m ni l sa xe-si s te mas, ro me l ic bi b li u ri ke r p is 

– `molo q es~ _ sa x els at a r ebs. av to r is mi er es ep i zo di 

mowodebulia Ta na me d ro ve cxo v re b is mtki v ne u li mxa re eb 

is Se sa c no b ad. romanSi asaxul gadidgulebul adamians _ 

moloqes, armazis darad, kldis mwvervalze moesurva dgoma 

mo k v da v Ta saTvalTvalod. qarTul TxzulebaTa mixedviT 

ki ar ma zi an T ro po mo r fu li ke r pia mxolod, mziuria 

da cocxali arsidan araa warmomdgari. Tumca ar un da davivi 

w y oT, rom igi fa r na va z ma Se q m na, Tavisi saxeli uw o da 

da formasTan erTad, kacobrivi buneba mianiWa morwmuneTa 

bedis gamrige kerps. 

moloqes transformaciis gza _ adamianidan kerpamde, 

jojoxeTze gadis da, armazis msgavsad, araadamianur 

borotebamde ecema. orive kerpi sisxlismsmeli, SiSisa da 

morCilebis Camnergavi bunebisaa. maT `yo v li sa da fa ru- 

151

li sa ga mo meZi e be l ni~ (f 132) Tvalebi aqvT. ìm yu re bi s as 

mo lo qe igi _ go ro z de bo da, Ro n es ik re b da, um a g r de bo da 

wye u li gu li~ (do Ca na S vi l i 1982: 412); moloqem utifari 

cqeriT amoacala mezobel ianes guli da xarbad Seeqca mas; 

Semdeg TvalebSi gacxadebuli sicocxlis xelyofa moisurva: 

`... av i da mo lo qe klde ze, si na m d vi le Si ki da R m arTs 

Ca u y va, jo jo xe Ti sa k en Ca cu r da ne la~ (do Ca na S vi l i 1982: 

410), iq, sadac sisxlismsmeli armazi myofobs: `STaabnevda 

yovelTa sulTa kacTasa jojoxeTad~ (, 101). 

guram do Ca na S vi l is mier aR we r ili kerpi mo lo q e qa r Tve 

l Ta RvTa e b as ara ma r to Tvi se be biT, ar a m ed ga re g no bi- 

T ac em s ga v se ba. ke r pa d q ce u li mo lo qec, si k v di l is Se m d eg 

sa mu da mo mcve l ad rom hyo lo d aT, ad a mi a ne b ma spi le n Z iT 

mo We d es, ar ma zi v iT aal a p la p es da bro l is Tva le b iT Seamkes. 

aq ve un da aR i ni S n os, rom `qa r T l is cxo v re b is~ Zvel 

so m x ur Ta r g ma n Si ar ma zi swo r ed bro l is Tvle bi Taa Semku 

li. mo lo qe ke r p is spi le n Z is samoss Se m d eg mZi me bri njao 

da ve r c x li Ca e na c v la. ke r p is Zvi r f as li To n Si gamo 

sa x v is am g va ri gra da cia, Se sa Z loa, ar ma z uli tri a d is 

(armazi-gaci-gaimis oqros, vercxlisa da spilenZis kerpebis) 

gamoZaxili iyos da moloqes saxelic maTi erTgvari 

gamaerTianebeli. 

Zveli qarTuli literaturuli Zeglebis (leonti mroveli, 

vaxuSti da Teimuraz batoniSvilTa Txzulebebis) 

mixedviT, kerp armazs msaxurebdnen sasuliero pirebi. maT 

qurumebs da kerpT-mRvdlebs uwodeben. `ninos cxovrebis~ 

Satberdul-WeliSur redaqciebSi mogvebi cecxlmsaxur- 

Ta rangSi moixsenebian, ke r p T m sa xu re bi ki _ qu ru me b ad, 

ke r p T m R v d le b ad. qristian avtorTa mier es ori cneba 

mkveTradaa gamijnuli. TxzulebebSi ar iZebneba arc erTi 

SemTxveva maTi urTierT Canacvlebisa, qurumisa da mogvis 

funqcia zustadaa gansazRvruli. av to r Ta mi er qu ru m Ta 

da mo g v Ta cne be b is mkve T ri ga mi j v n a er o v nu li sa w yi se bis 

win wa mo we vi sa da ga Z li e re b is ni S n iT aix s ne ba. am g va ri 

gziT cdi lob en qri s ti a ni av to re bi sparsuli tendenciebis 

da Z le v as, ro m l is tra di ci e b T an kav Si ri qa r Tu li 

es Te ti ku ri az ro v ne b is mi To lo gi ur-wa r ma r Tu li pe ri odi 

d an mo m di na re obs. 

152

vasil ba r no v is ro ma n is mi xe d v iT, armazis qu ru mo ba 

mo g v Ta RvTismsaxurebis upirvelesi wodebaa, memkvidreobiT 

gansazRvruli. mwerali Za l ze la ko nu r ad ax a si a T ebs 

mo g v Ta cxo v re b is wess qa r T ul si na m d vi le Si: `Se S fo Tebuli 

yo mo g v Ta ub a ni, xi d is yu r z ed hqo n d aT sa va ne. STamo 

ma v lo b iT mo s d ga m d aT maT qu ru mo ba... Ta na s wo ro b d n en 

qa r T ve le b T an mi w is trfo ba Si... qa r T v elT xa t ebs Se s T vise 

bo d n en. aR ar ar Ce v d n en ir a ni d an mo s ul Rme r Ta g an. Tu 

da a vi w y d aT am xa te b is sxva da s x va o ba?! iq n eb Rme r Te b ic 

da ka v Si r d n en erT ma ne T So r is!~ (gv. 545). ro ma n is mi xe d viT, 

ar m az ke r p is up i r ve l es msa x urs ba b eg qu ru m Tu xu ce si 

wa r mo a d g ens. aq Se m T x ve v iT araa qu ru m Tu xu ce si ba be g ad 

wo de bu li. cnobilia, rom sa sa ni d Ta di na s ti is da m fu Z ne bl 

ad iT v le ba artar q se r q si, spa r se T is mo g v Ta uf ro s is _ 

ba be g is Svi li. ro g orc vxe d avT, spa r se T is mo g v Ta uf ro si 

da war ma r Tu li qa r T l is qu ru m Tu xe ce si er T sa da im a ve sax 

els _ ba b egs, at a r ebs, mxo l od er Ti ga n s x va ve b iT, sxvada 

s x vaa ma Ti Ta na m de bo b is ga mo m xa t ve li si t y ve bi: `mo g vi~ 

da `qu ru mi~. àrmazis msxvrevaSi~ mo g vi da qu ru mi er Ti da 

im a ve re li gi i s _ zoroastrizmis _ mimdevarTa aRmniSvneli 

cnebebia. vasil ba r no v is mi er maTi am g va ri ga a z re ba 

em i j ne ba Zvel qa r T ul Txzu le be b Si wa r mo d ge n il qri s tian 

av to r Ta po zi ci as. 

kerpTa panTeonis erovnulobas amtkicebs Zvel qaTul 

literaturul ZeglebSi arsebuli monacemebi qarTlis mefeTa 

Sesaxeb. le o n ti mro ve l is Txzu le b is mi xe d v iT, spar 

se T is me fe, cecxl Ta y va ni s m ce me li qa s re, Ta v is Svils _ 

mi ri ans, rju l ad ga nu we s ebs: ìy os Svi li Ce mi or sa ve sjul 

sa ze da: ma ma Ta Cu e n Ta ce c x li s m sa xu re ba sa da Tqu e n Ta 

ke r p Ta sa~ (le o n ti mro ve l i 1955: 65). aq mkveTradaa gamijnuli 

ori religiuri mrwamsi, Tumca mirianis gamefeba 

maTi Tanaarsebobis erTgvar xelSemwyob pirobadaa warmodgenili. 

va xu S ti ba to ni S v ili me fe fa r na j os Se sa x eb ambobs: àman 

Se i y va ra sju li spa r s Ta da mo i Zu l na ke r p ni qa r T ve l- 

Ta ni da hqmna sa ce c x le mcxe T as. am i sa T v is mo i Zu l es qa r Tve 

l Ta, ra me Tu sa so e ba di di aq v n d aT ke r p Ta Tvi s Ta ze da~ 

(va xu S ti ba to ni S v ili 1973: 41). 

153

Te i mu r az ba to ni S vi l ic farnajos asaxelebs kerpebis 

moZuled da mcxeTaSi pirveli bomonis aRmSeneblad. ase 

rom, qristian avtorTa mier mkacradaa ga mi j nu li ke r p Tay 

va ni s m ce m lo ba ma z de a nu ri sa r w mu no e bisgan. pi r ve li _ 

iv e r Ta ma ma pa p ur rju l ad iwodeboda da er o v n ul mrwa m sa d 

iyo aRiarebuli, xolo me o re _cecxlTayvanismcemlobad. 

amas amtkicebs Satberdul-WeliSur redaqciebSi moyvanili 

dapirispireba kerpTayvanismcemlebisa mzis msaxur 

mogvebTan, ebraelebTan da did caTa RmerTTan. avtorTa 

mtkicebiT, miuxedavad imisa, rom saxelwodeba àrmazi~ 

sparsuli warmomavlobisaa, qarTuli erovnuli RmerTia, 

romlis mteria zoroastrizmi, iudaizmi da qristianoba. 

niko ma ri miuTiTebs cecxlTayvanismcemeli mo g ve bis 

mtrul da mo ki de bu le b aze ar ma zi sa da za de n is mi m arT: 

`spa r si mo g ve bi la n Z Ra v d n en ar ma z sa da za d ens, anu orm 

uzds da mi T r as, qa r T ve le bi ki me d g r ad id g n en ma Ti, vi- 

Ta r ca na ci o na lu ri Rme r Te b is, Ri r se b is da sa ca v ad~ (mari 

1901: 11). 

warmarTuli qarTlis sarwmunoebriv aRmsareblobas- 

Tan dakavSirebiT, TxzulebebSi gansakuTrebuli simZafraTaa 

gamJRavnebuli avtorTa pozicia _ er o v n ul id e al 

ebs da, Se sa ba mi s ad, mi s g an mo m di na re es Te ti k ur pri n cip 

ebs da u qvem de ba r on yo ve l g va ri movlena. 

`ni n os cxo v re bis~ redaqciebSi gvxde ba ep i zo de bi, sa dac 

ke r p T an er T ad ce c x l ic moixseneba: `vi xi le e ri uc xoÁ 

uc xo Ta Rme r T Ta m sa xu ri, cecxlsa da qva Ta da Ze l Ta Tayu 

a n is-sce m d es~ (f 117). ke r pi da ce c x li erTad warmoidgineba 

msxverplSewirvis aRwerisas. sidonias monaTxrobSi 

sefewulis SewirvasTan dakavSirebiT naTqvamia: `ce c xli 

Ta da wu v ad da mtu e ri ga r da b ne v ad Ta v sa ke r pi sa sa~ (f 

126). 

ce c x li da ke r pi erTian sa f r T x edaa gancdili le o n ti 

mro ve li s Txzulebasa da `ni n os cxo v re b is~ zog reda q cia- 

Si, kerZod, na di ro b is win mi ri ans `mouÃda uC i no igi mte ri, 

eS ma ki da STa u g do gu l sa si yu a ru li ke r p Ta da ce c x li sa~ 

(le o n ti mro ve l i 1955: 108). 

ke r pi sa da ce c x lis Ta na a r se bo ba aRniSnulia mi ri an is 

wi g nsa da an de r ZSi: `Se Wa m na Svi l ni ma T ni ce c x l m an msxve r- 

154

p l ad ke r p Ta TÂs~ (, 158). mirian mefe Tavis anderZSi Zisadmi 

yrma Ta ce c x l iT Se wi r v is sa pa su x od moiTxovs: `macduri 

ke r p ni, ce c x li Ta da wu en da na ca ri ma Ti Se a su maT, vin 

maT eg lo v d is~ (f 162). es pa sa Ji me o r de ba va xu S ti da Te imu 

r az bato ni S vi l Ta Txzu le be b Sic. 

qri s ti ani av to r ebis mixedv iT, kerpi misive msaxuri 

boroti ZaliT _ cecxliT unda moispos. vasil ba r no v is 

ro ma n S ic cecxls da mo u ki de be li fu n q cia ar ga a C nia. igi 

ke r p is sa m sa xu r Si dgas da msxve r p l Se wi r v is ri tu a l is Tan 

m x le bia. am a ve dros, igi mzis si m boloa. 

amrigad, qristiani avtorebi qarTlis sarwmunoebriv 

aRmsareblobas mkveTrad mijnaven mazdeanobisagan. kerp- 

Tan SenivTebuli cecxli mxolod msxverplSewirvis ritualTanaa 

dakavSirebuli da misi erT-erTi aucilebeli 

komponentia. mazdeanur cecxls da mis msaxur mogvebs ki 

armazi mtrobs. TxzulebaTa ganxilvidan irkveva, rom 

qristian avtorebs mamapapur sarwmunoebasTan brZola 

ufro mniSvnelovan movlenad miaCniaT, vidre politikuri 

gavleniT damkvidrebul ucxo religiasTan _ mazdeanobasTan. 

yovel SemTxvevaSi, isini amis mtkicebas cdiloben. 

miuxedavad imisa, rom TxzulebaSi araa gamoTqmuli 

sparseTTan politikuri Tu religiuri dapirispirebis 

arc arTi epizodi, swored masTan mZafri da faruli brZolis 

peripetiebia asaxuli. 

`ni n os cxo v re bi s~ Satberdul-WeliSuri redaqciidan 

ir k ve va, rom kerpTaTvis Zve l Ta ga n ve msxve r p l Sewi r v is 

ri tu a l ic sru l de bo da. si do ni as sityvebidan vigebT, rom 

`...armaz da za d en, ro me l ni iy no s d es su l m y ra lo b iT aT a ssa 

su l sa yrmi sa pi r m SoÁsa sa, ar m az da za d en da Se sa wi ra vad 

uC n d es mSo be l Ta ma T Ta msxu e r p l ad... xo lo iy v n es ke rp 

ni sxu a ni ca sa me fo ni: ga ci da ga. da Se i we r vo da ma Ta er Ti 

se fe wu li ce c x li Ta da wu v ad da mtu e ri ga r da b ne v ad Ta v sa 

ke r pi sa sa~ (f 126). 

unda aRiniSnos, rom armazisadmi msxverplSewirva gansxvavdeboda 

`mamapapaTa~ kerpebis _ gacisa da gas _ amave 

ritualisagan. kerZod, armazi ar moiTxovda èrTi 

sefewulis~ Sewirvas. avtorebma igi gamorCeuli sisastikiT 

aRWurves. misi `RvTaebrivi~ buneba mTeli eris (ùbra- 

155

loÁ eri igi~ _ 158) mier gaRebul aTasobiT yrmis sisxls 

iTxovda: `...armaz da zaden, romelTa qvanica daulpian 

sisxliTa CÂlTaÁTa~, , 168). 

qristianma avtorebma armazi, Zvel kerpTagan gansxvavebiT, 

zorvis axali statusiT aRWurves, ukeTureba daumZimes 

da amiT qarTlis mkvidrTa cxovreba jojoxeTSi yofnas 

gauTanabres, raTa ufro mkveTrad warmoeCinaT qristesmieri 

naTlis upiratesoba. 

`ninos cxovrebis~ Satberdul-WeliSur redaqciebSi 

kidev orjeraa naxsenebi kerpebisadmi yrmaTa msxverplSewirva: 

erTxel _ ninos xilvebSi, meored _ mirian mefis 

anderZSi. unda aRiniSnos, rom Txzulebis Semdgom redaqciebSi 

yrmaTa Sewirvis Cveulebis arseboba qarTlSi an 

xilvaTa sferos ganekuTvneba, an ignorirebulia, an saer- 

Tod uaryofili. 

leonti mroveli `mefeTa cxovrebaSi~ mxolod erTxel 

moixsenebs mas wm. ninos xilvebTan dakavSirebiT. avtori 

mizandasaxulad Cqmalavs zemoaRniSnul rituals da mas 

CvenebaTa sferos miakuTvnebs. 

arsen beriseul redaqciaSi es movlena ar Cans. vaxuSti 

batoniSvili ZeTa da asulTa Sewirvis nacvlad mefe revis 

mier dawesebul cxovelTa Sewirvas aRwers, xolo Teimuraz 

batoniSvilis Txzulebis mixedviT, yrmaTa Sewirva 

àra ars WeSmarit~ da igi yrmaTa aRzrdas niSnavs `mRvdlad 

kerpTa~, e.i. yrmaTa Cadgomas sasuliero wodebis samsaxurSi. 

igi cdilobs, daarwmunos mkiTxveli, rom amgvari 

qmedeba qarTvelTa bunebisaTvis miuRebeli iyo da SvilTa 

msxverplSewirvas qristian avtorTa mier mogonil xerxad 

Tvlis. 

vasil ba r no vi àr ma z is msxvre va Si~ msxve r p l Se wi r v is 

aR we ri s as zu s t ad ar mi h y ve ba Ta v is pi r ve l w ya ro s da am- 

Za f r ebs am ri tu a l is am sa x v el su r aTs. mas Se mo aqvs ar maz 

is sa m s x ve r p l os aR we ra, rac ig i ve bo mo nia da sa cecxle: 

`mo So re b iT, co ta ma r j v n iv, uz a r ma z ar lode bi sa g an 

Txzi li sa m s x ve r p lo. mo o T x vi li ge la ze bi da ku T x vi lebi. 

aq Se s wi ra v d n en yo v l ad da sa wvels. gu n d ru k is kme va ganu 

w y ve te li~ (gv. 517). ro ma n is mi xe d v iT, msxve r p l Se wi r v a 

srul de bo da qu ru m is mi er ara si s x l iT, ara m ed ce c x l is 

156

gziT. pi r ve l wya ro Ta g an ga n s x va ve b iT, mxo l od di de b ulT 

Svi l ebs ir Ce v da igi msxve r p lad: `bevrT di de b ulT CCvi li 

Se s wi ro da aq ar m azs... Tu ar di d k acT Svils, msxve r p l ad 

sxvas ar mi i Re b da~ (gv. 517). 

yovelive zemoTqmuli mogvyavs armazis viTarca `personaJis~ 

dasaxasiaTeblad da misi paradigmulobis kidev 

erTi aspeqtis warmosaCenad. 

TxzulebaTa ganxilvisas yuradRebas ipyrobs armazobis 

dResaswaulis aRwera. `ninos cxovrebis~ Satberdul- 

WeliSur redaqciaSi armazoba udidesi mxatvruli simarTliTaa 

gadmocemuli; droSebiTa da xalxiT savse armazis 

samkvidrebelSi erT gancdadaa Sekruli adamianisa da 

bunebis Sinagani urTierTmimarTeba. TxzulebaSi, ZiriTadad, 

gaSuqebulia armazobis mosamzadebeli etapi, ceremonialuri 

etiketi. aq saocari pompezurobiTaa aRwerili 

yoveli pasaJi, sazeimo da amaRlebuli ganwyobiTaa gajerebuli 

mTeli epizodi. safiqrebelia, rom dResaswaulis 

amgvar warmosaxvas garkveuli mizani aqvs: am didebuli, 

yovlismomcveli sanaxaobis fonze avtorebi amZafreben 

armazis, rogorc ganuWvreteli sibnelisa da misi simdablis 

fenomens. sakuTar dResaswaulze imsxvreva kerpi. 

aq armazoba Sekvecili formiTaa gaSuqebuli da ar aris 

mocemuli msxverplSewirvisa da masTan dakavSirebuli 

sxva epizodebi. `ninos cxovrebis~ danarCen redaqciebSic 

msgavsi suraTia. 

`ninos cxovrebaSi~ aRwerili dResaswauli armazuli 

misteriebis saxiT aqvs gaazrebuli goCa kuWuxiZes. misi 

varaudiT, am misteriis dros mefe-dedofalma unda dakargos 

sakuTari individualoba, isini axal sulierebaSi 

unda gardaisaxon _ `... armazobis dResaswaulze axal adamianebad 

gardaqmnis misteria aResruleba~ (kuWuxiZe 2006: 

15-17). 

vaxuSti batoniSvili ufro srulad gadmogvcems armazobis 

dResaswaulis aRweras, ara ise, rogorc iyo, aramed 

meti mxatvrulobiT da imgvarad, rogorc unda yofiliyo 

_ msxvelpSewirviT, lxiniT, `saxiobiTa da ZnobiT samdRe~ 

(vaxuSti batoniSvili 1973: 25). 

vasil barnovma armazoba romanis finalad aqcia da mas 

157

warumZRvara Semdegi movlenebi: mzis dabneleba, mefis karis 

sarwmunoebrivi meryeoba, armazis risxva (msxverplis 

miuRebloba), gamoxatuli kerpisagan xuTive grZnobis daxSviT. 

am pasaJis arqetipi Zvel aRTqmaSi iZebneba: `ke r p ni 

wa r ma r T Ta ni oq ro sa ni da ve r c x li sa ni qmnu l ni Ãel Ta kac 

Ta ni; pir-aTqs da ara it y v an, Tu al-as x en da ara xe d v en, 

yur-as x en da ara es m is, cxÂr-as x en da ara iy no s en, Ãel-as xen 

da ara ga ni xi l v en, fex-as x en da ara vle n an...~ (fsalm. 113, 

4-7). 

armazobis dResaswaulze vasil barnovma Cveul zorvas- 

Tan (kravis dawva) erTad ymis Sewirvis ritualic aRwera. 

`ni n os cxo v re b is~ Sa t be r d ul-We li S ur re da q ci a Si aR ni Snu 

li ga ci sa da ga i m is mi m arT se fe wu l Ta Se wi r va mwerals 

ar ma z is Tvi se b ad ga d mo u ta nia. aq, `ni n os cxo v re bis~ reda 

q ci a Ta g an ga n s x va ve b iT, mi ri a n is me fo bi s as da ka r gu la 

es Cve u le ba, ra d g an `sa qo n l is zva ra da e na c v la CCvi l Ta 

Se wi r v as~ (gv. 555). am g v ar cvli le b as aR we ri li mo v le ne b is 

ga m Za f re b is su r vi li ud evs sa fu Z v l ad. qarTlis mkvidrT 

msxverplSewirvis Zveli wesis dabrunebiT surdaT, daemtkicebinaT 

Tavisi uryevi rwmena qveynis upirvelesi kerpisadmi, 

magram _ amaod, msxverpli ar Seiwira armazma. ganrisxebulma 

kerp-RvTaebam piri ibruna rwmenaSeryeuli 

xalxisgan: `fa ri Ce mi ar mfa r ve l obs maT, xma li Ce mi aRar 

sWris ma T T v is!~ (gv. 549). aRniSnuli epizodi emociuri 

simZafrisa da avismomaswavebeli winaTgrZnobis fonis Sesaqmneladaa 

mowodebuli da mxatvruli gamomsaxvelobiT 

gamoirCeva. `da bediswera... mainc mflobelobs~ (gv. 527), _ 

dasZens avtori, riTac gvaxsenebs, rom TviT RvTaebebsac 

ar ZaluZT istoriuli drois ukan Semobruneba. 

RvTaeba armazi imTaviTve garkveuli mxatvrul-esTetikuri 

datvirTvis matarebeli iyo. igi gavlenas axdenda 

qarTuli esTetikuri msoflaRqmis ganviTarebaze, ramac 

momdevno epoqaTa mxatvrul azrovnebaSi pova Taviseburi 

asaxva. igi qarTlis moqcevis movlenaSi erT-erTi ZiriTadi 

saxe-ideaa da, amdenad, masSi Serwymulia istoriuli 

sinamdvile da mxatvruli gansaxovnebis principebi. arma 

z is ku l tu r ul-is to ri u li sa x is ga sa a z re b lad metad 

mniSvnelovania, da i Ze b n os is am o sa va li pri n ci pe bi, ro- 

158

m le b ic er Ti a n ad ga n sa z R v ra v d n en qa r T ve l Ta wa r ma r Tul-mi 

To lo gi ur wa r mo d ge ne b s ac, `ni n os cxo v re b is~ Sa tbe 

r d ul-We li S ur re da q ci a Si kerp-RvTa e ba ar ma z is ga n saxo 

v ne ba s ac da ax al dro Si Se q m n il sa xe e b s ac. qarTvelTa 

armazis gansaxovnebis gaxsna SesaZlebelia sarwmunoebrivi 

aRmsareblobis, istoriuli fonisa da esTetikuri 

idealebis mWidro kavSiris meSveobiT. armazis saxis ukeT 

gacnobierebis mizniT, saWirod vTvliT, TxzulebaTa mixedviT, 

warmovaCinoT misi aRmmarTveli mefe farnavazis 

pirovnuli arsi. 

leonti mrovelma fa r na va zi s gzis ga m k va la vad mi si ve 

si z ma ri dasaxa, ro me l ic TxzulebaSi Za l ze mni S v ne lo v an 

mxa t v rul sa x es wa r mo a d g ens. `mefeTa cxovrebaSi~ farnavazis 

sizmari ara marto saxismetyvelebiT, aramed saazrovno 

saxe-ideas qmnis. unda aRiniSnos, rom teqstSi mzis 

xilvis aRwera, TavisTavad, naTlis ganfenis momaswavebelia. 

amave dros mna To b is Su qi s zemoqmedeba (`mo e r t ya wel 

Ta mi s Ta, ga ni zi da da gani y va na~ _ leonti mroveli 1955: 

21), cis ka ba do n ze misi Ca mo q ve i Te ba (ìx i la mze que-mda bl 

ad~ _ iqve) da mnaTobis cva r is ga Ta vi se ba (`mohÃoca cua 

ri pi r sa mzi sa sa da ic xo pi r sa mi s sa~ _ iqve), fa r na va zis 

mzis `na wi li a no ba ze~, mo ma va li mze Ta-mze me f is ga mo r Ce ulo 

ba ze me t y ve lebs. 

mecnierebaSi aRniSnulia, rom saxeli `fa r na va zi~ ni Sn 

avs brwyi n va le ba sa da na T els, zeci ur madls, mzi u ro bas, 

me f ur di de ba sa, mWe r me t y v els (m.janaSvili, s.kakabaZe, 

s.makalaTia, m.andronikaSvili). fa r na va z is RvTi u ro b is 

ma C ve ne be lia mi si sa q me e b ic. ma T g an ori _ uS u a lo ka v Sir 

Sia mis sa xe l wo de ba s T an; er Ti _ fa r na va z is en a m ze o ba: 

àm an ga na v r co ena qa r Tu li, da ar Ra ra iz ra xe bo da sxva ena 

qa r T li sa Si na TÂni er qa r Tu li sa. da am an Se q m na mwigno bro 

ba qa r Tu li~ (leonti mroveli 1955: 26), da me o re _ Tavi 

si ve `brwyi n va le~ sa xe l is Se sa ba mi si mzi u ri ke r p is aRma 

r T va sa me fo qa la q Si: àm a n ve fa r na v az Se q m na ke r pi di di 

sa xe l sa ze da TÂssa. ese ars ar ma zi, ra me Tu fa r na v azs spar 

su l ad ar m az er qua. am a r Ta ke r pi igi ar ma zi Ta v sa ze da 

qa r T li sa sa, da mi e ri T g an ew o da ar ma zi ke r pi sa misTÂs. 

da qmna sa t fu re ba di di ke r pi sa misTÂs aR ma r Te bu li sa~ 

159

(leonti mroveli 1955:25). 

yo ve li ve ze mo a R ni S nu l is Se de g ad Se g vi Z lia vTqvaT, 

rom le o n ti mro ve l is Txzu le ba Si as a xu li fa r na v az me f is 

pi ro v ne ba RvTis da, ke r Zod, mzis `na wi li a nia~. mi si sa xe lwo 

de b ac na T l is ga mo m xa t ve lia da qa r T lis pi r ve li qa r Tlo 

si a ni me f is sa q me n ic mzi u ri siZ li e r is, si di a d is, si wmi nd 

is gacxade baa. 

Zvel qa r T ul Txzu le ba Ta mi xe d v iT, me fe fa r na vazs 

spa r su l ad ar ma zi er q va, rac ah u ra-ma z d as gvi andel fo rm 

as wa r mo a d g ens, ise viT or mu z di, or ma z di da arama z di. 

am sa xe l wo de b ebs xSi r ad at a re b dnen sa sa ni d Ta, as e ve so mxe 

T is me fe e bi. ase rom, ga sa k vi ri araa fa r na va z is spa r s ul 

sa xe l wo de b ad _ ar ma z ad xmo ba. 

vasil ba r no v is ro ma n Si fa r na v az me f is sa f la vi swo r ed 

ah u ra-ma z d as si m bo lo _ frTo sa ni mzi u ri di s ko Tia aRbe 

W di li, riTac avtori mefis am RvTaebasTan siaxloveze 

migvaniSnebs: àr ma z is win, fa r na o z is sa ma re z ed, dru n gil 

is lo di su f T ad naTa li. gars xve u li Cu qu r T ma ev lo vara 

yi a ni. sa f la v is qvis Su a z ed Ca W de u li frTi an mzis sa xe 

sxi vo s ne bu li. mTe li mze oq ro d an na k ve ri~ (gv. 517). 

ar m az ke r p is aR ma r T va s T an da ka v Si re b iT va xu S ti da Tei 

mu r az ba to ni S vi l Ta Txzu le be b Si na T q va mia, rom fa r nava 

z ma `... aR ma r Ta ig i mTa sa ze da qa r T lo si sa sa f la v sa zeda 

qa r T lo si s sa~ (Te i mu r az ba to ni S vi li 1848: 117). 

le o n ti mro ve l is `me fe Ta cxo v re ba Si~ ki vki T xu lobT, 

rom qa r T l is mkvi d r Ta `... mtki ce da uf ro si sa fi ca ri... 

iyo sa f la vi qa r T lo si si~ (leonti mroveli 1955: 11). ama 

s T an da ka v Si re b iT sa yu ra d Re boa erTi cnoba, ro m l is 

mi xe d v iT, si ri a Si, me fe er va n du n is sa f la v ze aR ma r Tu li 

yo fi la ar m az-ze v s is qa n da ke ba. ase rom, sxva qve y n is is tori 

a S ic me fe Ta sa f la v ze ar a ma z d is qa n da ke b is ar se bo ba 

da da s tu re bu li faqtia. 

le o n ti mro ve l is Txzulebis mixedviT, fa r na v az me f is 

sa q mi ano ba qa r T lo s is mo R va we o b is Ta na zi a ria; qa r T lo si 

`... ga n vi da mTa sa mas ze da, ro me l sa ew o de b is ar ma zi da pirve 

l ad Se q m na si ma g re ni mas ze da, da iS e na mun-ze da sa x li, da 

uw o da mTa sa mas sa xe li Ta vi si TÂsi sa qa r T li. da vi d re aRma 

r Te ba m de mun-ze da ke r pi ar mazi si er qua mTa sa mas qa r T- 

160

li, da mis ga mo ew o da yo ve l sa qa r T l sa qa r T li...~ (leonti 

mroveli 1955: 8) da `mo ku da qar T l os da da f l es igi Ta vsa 

ze da qa r T li sa sa, ro me l sa aw ew o de b is ar ma zi~ (leonti 

mroveli 1955: 8). 

me fe fa r na va z m ac ar m az ke r p is aR ma r T v iT Ta vi si spa rsu 

li Se sa t y vi si sa xe li da s do qa r T l is mTa sa da qa l aqs _ 

ar ma zi. fa r na va zi-ar ma zi `... da f l es wi na Se ar ma zi sa ke r pisa~ 

(leonti mroveli 1955: 26), ar ma z is mTa ze, vi Ta r ca qa r Tlo 

si _ qa r T l is mTa ze. 

mose ja na S vi li aR ni S n avs, rom `pi r v el kacs sa qa r T velo 

Si er q va qa r T lo si /qarT /l/ osi/, pi r v el qalaqs qarT 

/l/i, pi r ve li sa fi ca ri iyo sa f la vi qar T lo si sa~ (ja na S vili 

1906: 92). am is msga v s ad, pi r v el qa r T lo si an me f es er q va 

far na va zi _ ar ma zi, pi r v el qa l aqs (da ni S nu le b iT) _ ar mazi, 

pi r v el sa fi c ars _ ke r pi ar ma zi. 

qa r T l is Zi ri Ta di kerp-RvTa e bis fu n q ci u ri da t vi r- 

T v is ga sa r k ve v ad, sa Wi r od vTvliT, da iZebnos msga v se baga 

n s x va ve b is sfe ro e b i zo ro a s t ri z m is mTa v ar RvTa e ba _ 

ah u ra-ma z da s T an, risi safuZvelic `ninos cxovrebis~ redaqciebSia 

mocemuli, upirveles yovlisa, mefe farnavazis 

sparsul àrmazdad~ saxeldebaSi. 

Te i mu r az ba to ni S vi li Ta v is ìs to ri a Si~ ga mo yofs 

fa r na va z is mi er ar m az ke r p is aR ma r T v is mi z nebs: qve ya na- 

Si me fo bi Ti mma r T ve lo b is Se mo Re bas, ris ga m oc `fa r na vaz 

qmna up i r ve l ess Rme r T ad ar m az de de u l Ta sa m So b lo Ta 

TÂsTa ke r pi~ (Te i mu r az ba to ni S vi li 1848: 84); aseve _ `...xolo 

am isTÂs aR ma r Ta ke r pi ese arma zi sa, vi naÁdgan uy va r da 

de daÁ Tvi si fri ad, rome l ma n ca ob lo ba sa da uc xo o ba sa 

aR z r da sa Si na Zi sa TÂsi sa fri a di Rva w li da s d va fa r na vaz 

sa zeda...~ (Te i mu r az ba to ni S vi li 1848: 117) da `me o r ed 

am isTÂs ro m el fa r na vazs ori sa xe li ew o da, ese igi fa r nav 

az _ ar m az~ (Te i mu r az ba to ni S vi li 1848: 117). 

Te i mu r az ba to ni S vi l is mi er aRniSnuli sa mi ve mi z n is 

ga n m sa z R v re lia spa r su li po li ti ku ri ga v le na, rac ar 

Cans `ni n os cxo v re bis~ re da q ci e b Si. ga n s x va ve b iT yve la 

wyaro sa g an, igi ar m az is ki d ev erT saxe l wo de b as gva w v d is, 

romelic ormuzdTan, ahura-mazdasTanaa dakavSirebuli: 

`So T Ta TÂT ke r pi sa mis arma zi sa iyo sa xe li ve, vi na i d an 

161

ar m az Rme r T sa uw o de b d es or mu z ad So T T as~ (Te i mu r az bato 

ni S vi li 1848: 192). 

ah u ra-ma z d as yo v li s Se m q m n el bu ne b as ex mi a ne ba arma z is 

ku l tu ru l-istoriuli sa x is ga n m sa z R v re li ni S ne bi: `sof 

l is mpyro be li~, `mzis mo m fe ne li da wvi mi sa mo m ce me li~, 

di d Ta na yo f Ta ga mo m Re bi da ga n ma z r de li. av e s t as erTer 

Ti ga T is mi xe d v iT, mze ah u ra-ma z d as Tva lia. ar ma z is 

Zvi r fa s bi v ri t is Tva l S ic mzea Casa x le bu li. ar ma z is ahu 

ra-ma z da d an wa r mo ma v lo b as am tki c ebs so me x Ta wa r ma r Tul 

pa n Te o n Si um a R l es RvTa e b ad zo ro a s t ri z m is uz e na e si 

Se mo q me d is mi wi eri xa t is, ar ama z d is, ar se bo ba. qa r T ve l- 

Ta da so me x Ta ar m az-ar a ma z d is identurobaze me t y ve l ebs 

`ni n os cxo v re b is~ Sa t be r d ul-We li Su ri re da q ci is er Ti 

ep i zo di: me fe mi ri a ni wm. ni n os ku r ne b is Za l is mi ni We b as 

arm azs mi a w ers da mo ci q ul qals mis as u l ad racxs: `ro mli 

sa RmrTi sa ZaliTa iqm sa q me sa am as ku r ne bi sa sa? anu xar 

Sen as u li ar ma zi si~ (f 131). me f is amgvari Tvalsazrisi ki 

so m x ur re li gi ur wa r mo d ge n as uk a v Si r de ba _ qa l R v Ta e ba 

na nes ar ama z d is as u l ad miCneva. savaraudoa, rom swo r ed 

wm. ni n os sa xe l is msga v se ba ar ama z d is asul RvTa e ba na nes 

T an af i q re bi n ebs mi ri ans maT ig i ve o ba ze. amgvari wa r mod 

ge ne b is sa Ta ve ki zo ro a s t rizmidan mo m di na re obs, sa d ac 

ah u ra-ma z d as me u R le da as u lia RvTa e ba an a hi ta. 

`ni n os cxo v re b is~ re da q ci e b sa da is to ri ul Txzu lebe 

b Si as a xu li ar ma z is fe no me ni ar iZleva im is sa Su a le bas, 

rom igi mTli a n ad ga va i gi voT ahura-ma z da s T an. qa r T ul 

si na m d vi le Si kerp-RvTa e ba ar ma zma, ahu ra-ma z d as da r ad, 

ver am a R l da, ver da i m k vi d ra sa m f lo be l o mze ze ze m oT. 

igi mzis xatad, misi `naTlis momfenlad~ iq ca. bu ne b iTa da 

sa xe l de b iT spa r su li RvTa e ba, ro me l ic mzi sa da ce c x l is 

Ta y va nebas gu li s x mo b da, Se e T vi sa ad gi lo b r iv mzis kults 

da msxve r p l Se wi r v is Ta n m x l eb cecxls sti qi as, ma ma-pa pa- 

Ta Zveli Rme r Te b is gve r d iT ga i d ga fe s ve bi; im de n ad `gaqa 

r T ve l da~, rom qa r T l is mkvi d r Ta re li gi ad iq ca. yo v el 

Se m T x ve va Si, Zvel qa r T ul Txzu le ba Ta da is to ri u li wyaro 

e b is mi xe d v iT, igi er o v n ul ku l tu r ul-is to ri ul saxe 

daa wa r mo d ge nili. 

162

vasil ba r no v is ro ma n S ic ar ma zi spa r s Tme u fe b is ma C vene 

b el, qa r T ul re li gi ur wa r mo d ge n ebs Se r w y m ul da sa xe- 

Se c v l il mxa t v r ul fe no me n ad aR i q me ba: àrmazi... am qve yana 

Si qa r T v elT Rme r T sa ve da h g va nebia; mi u Ria aq a u ri sa xe, 

Tvi se ba. mci r ed ir Ce va mkvidr Rme r Te bi d an~ (gv. 19). roma 

n is mi xe d v iT, ga qa r T ve le bu li ke r pi ma inc uc xo, ga re Se 

RvTa e ba daa mi C ne u li, ro me l s ac `ga re w r ad~ eT a y va ne bi an 

qa r T l is mkvi d r ni: àr swamT maT ar m az; Ta y v ans sce m en mxol 

od ga re w r ad~ (gv. 504). vasil ba r no vi se ul ar ma z is mxa tv 

ru li ga n sa xo v ne ba em ya re ba da aer Ti a n ebs `ni n os cxo v rebis~ 

re da q ci e bi sa da is to ri ul Txzu le ba Ta mo na ce m ebs. 

igi li te ra tu ru l ad da x ve wi li, Si na ga ni stru q tu r iT mowe 

s ri ge bu li sa xe-ideaa. 

`ni n os cxo v re b is~ re da q ci e b Si qa r T ul er o v nul RvTae 

b ad mo a z re bu li ar ma z is mxa t v ru li sa x is ga sa x s ne l ad, 

sa Wi r od vTvliT, sa me c ni e ro li te ra tu ra ze da y r d no b iT 

(m.boisi, i.boriCevski, d.Santeni de la sosei, k.kekeliZe, 

s.makalaTia), ga mo v k ve T oT mi si mi ma r Te ba RvTa e ba mi T ra s- 

T an. qri s ti a no b is ga v r ce le ba m de, ro g orc cno bi lia, Zvel 

mso f li o Si erT-er Ti uZ li e re si re li gia iyo mi T ra i z mi, 

si na T li sa da mzis Rme r T is _ mi T ra s T an da ka v Si re bu li 

rwme na. mi T r as ku l ti aq a me ni d Ta dros ga Z li e r da spa r se- 

T Si, sa i da n ac igi swra f ad ga v r ce l da mci re az i a Si, ga n saku 

T re b iT, po n to sa da ka ba do ki a Si. mi T r as ku l ti aqedan 

da sa v le T Si po m pe u s is mxe d ro b am Se i ta na da ro m is im pe ria 

Si igi mzis Rme r T ad iq ca. mi T ra i z mi Za l ze ga v r ce le buli 

iyo Zvel so m xe T S ic (g.ezovi, n.emini, eRiSe vardapeti, 

t.treversi), sa d ac RvTa e ba `mihr~-ad iw o de bo da da or muz 

d is Svi l ad iyo mi C ne u li. mi T r as ku l ti arsbobda Zvel saqa 

r T ve lo S i (n.mari, k.kekeliZe, p.ingoroyva, i.javaxiSvili, 

v.nozaZe, s.makalaTia, S.amiranaSvili, a.afaqiZe da sxv.). aRni 

S nu lia, rom qa r T ve l Ta yo fa Si mi T r as ku l t is ga v r cele 

b as ni a da gi hqo n da mo m za de bu li mzis ku l t is ar se bo biT. 

`ni n os cxo v re b is~ re da q ci e bi sa da is to ri uli Txzule 

be b is Se s wa v l is Se de g ad SesaZlebeli xdeba daiZebnos 

RvTa e ba mi T ra sa da ar m az ke r p is mxa t v r ul gaaz re ba Si ur- 

Ti e r T ga da m k ve Ti sfe ro e bi. orive maTgani dakavSirebu- 

163

lia mzis fenomenTan: mi T ra mu d mi v ad ma na To be li Rme r Tia; 

ar ma zi ki mzis sa xea da ma s Si ga ni v Te bu lia ma ra diuli mze. 

ar ma zi da mi T ra mo ci qu lo b en ca sa da mi w as, adami a n sa da 

mzes So r is. ar ma z is ga n sa xo v ne ba Si si m bo lu r ad miniSnebulia 

mi T ra i z mi sa T v is ni Sa n do b li vi sa m ya r os Se m q m ne li 4 

el e me n t is flo ba; ke r Z od, I - mi w is na yo fi e re ba _ `nayo f- 

Ta ga n m z r de l ni~ da `di d Ta na yo f Ta mo m ce me l ni~ (f 132); II 

_ wya li _ `wÂmi sa mo m ce me l ni~; III _ ce c x l is ar se bo ba ker 

p T an; IV - ha e ri (wm.ni no ar ma z is `ha e r is su l iT~ qro l v as 

aR ni S n avs). am de n ad, iq m ne ba tri a da: mze - ar ma zi - mi T ra. 

mi T ra sa da ar ma z is ga re g n ul aR we ri lo ba S ic iZ e b ne ba 

sa e r To ni S an-Tvi se bebi. ieST-sa d es erT-erT hi m n Si na T qva 

mia, rom mi T ra ve r c x l is Ca f xu ti a ni mxe da ria, ta n ze acvia 

oq r os ab ja ri, hki dia ga m g mi ra vi xa n ja li, xelT uW ir 

avs grZe li ma x vi li da TeTr cxe n ze zis. 

`ni n os cxo v re b is~ re da q ci a Ta mi xe d v iT, mi T r as am g v ar 

sa x es em s ga v se ba qa r T ve l Ta ar ma zi: àha dga ka ci er Ti spile 

n Zi saÁ, da ta n sa mi s sa ecua jaWÂ oq roÁsaÁ da Ca f xu ti 

oqroÁsaÁ. da xe l sa mi s sa aq u n da Ãrma li le su li~ (f 119). 

mi T r as RvTa e b ri vi ga mo sa xu le ba dro Ta ga n ma v lo ba Si 

Se i c va la. ep i fa ne an ti o qe l is (I s. q.w.) sa mar x Si Se mo r Ce n il 

ba re li e f ze si na T l is Rme r Ti sa d Re sa s wa u lo sa mo si Ta da 

na T l is brwyn va le sfe ro Tia Se m ku li. aq mi T ra wa r mo d geni 

lia, vi Ta r ca gvi r g vi no sa ni me fe. 

Tu ga da v xe d avT va xu S ti ba to ni S vi l is Txzu le b as, davi 

na x avT, rom `ni n os cxo v re b is~ re da q ci e b T an Se da re b iT 

ar ma z is aR we ri lo ba Si ga r k ve u li cvli le be bia Se ta ni li: 

àr m az... rva li sa, di di, cmu li oq r os ja v Sa ni Ta, ro me l sa 

sxdnen Tu a l ni qva Ta Zvi r fa s Ta ma na To be l Ta da gÂrgÂni 

Ta v sa mi s sa eg re T ve ma na To be l Ta qvaTa~ (va xu S ti ba to ni Svi 

l i 1973: 16). ir k ve va, rom oq r osCa f xu ti ani ar ma z is ar qeti 

p ul sa x es ma na To b eli Tvle b iT Se m ku li, gvi r g vi no sa ni 

ker pu li xa te ba Ca e na c v la. Ti T q os aq ac me o r de ba mi T r as 

ga mo sa xu le b is cvli le ba. RvTa e ba Ta ga re g nu li aR we r is 

ze d mi we v ni Ti Ta n x ve d ra gva fi q re bi n ebs, rom ar ma z is ga nsa 

xo v ne ba ze ga v le n as ax de n da mi T ra. 

si ke T is da ra ji da bo ro te ba s T an mu d am me b r Zo li mi Tra 

me o ma r Ta mfa r ve li, da u ma r c xe be li Rme r Tia. am Tvi se- 

164

a Ta an a re k li Cans Zv.qa r T ul Txzu le beb Si aR we r ili arma 

z is sa b r Zo lo aR ka z mu lo ba Si c. Te i mu r az ba to ni S vi l is 

Txzu le ba Si ga mo k ve Ti lia ar ma z is me b r Zo li sa xe; mi s g an 

`xmlis mkve Te lo ba sa~ da mkla v is si Z li e r es iT xo v en qa r Tl 

is mkvi d r ni. 

`ni n os cxo v re b is~ re da q ci e b Si wa r mo Ce ni l mo v le na Ta 

mi R ma Se i ni S ne ba zo ro a s t ri z m is re li gi is mTa va ri pri nci 

pi _ si ke Ti sa da bo ro te b is brZo la, ro me l ic, Txzu leb 

is mi xe d v iT, ar ma zi sa da ìT ru Sa nis~ Wi di l Si ais a xe ba. 

mi T r as msga v s ad, ar ma z ic ad a mi a n Ta mxsne l ad gve v li neba. 

ga vi x se n oT ar ma z is msxvre v is ep i zo di Satbe r d ul-Weli 

Su ri re da q ci idan: `ma S in ivl to da yo ve li ka ci so f l ad 

da qa la q ad, da eca maT droÁ, raÁTa Se i W r n en ka c ni sa yo f l ad~ 

(f 121). amdenad, warmarTTa warmodgeniT, ar ma zi sa da iTru 

Sa n is brZo l as, xa l x is msxve r pli ar mo h yo lia; Tumca, 

qristianTa rwmeniT, es xsna qristesmieri ZalisxmeviTaa 

mopovebuli. 

sergi ma ka la Ti as ga mo k v le v is mi xe d v iT (ma ka la Ti a 1938: 

24), sa qa r T ve lo Si ga v r ce le b ul mi r sa-mi T r as ku l t Si ja nm 

r Te lo b is mo m ni We be li RvTa e b is Tvi se ba n ic Cans, rac, 

Cveni azriT, mefe mirianis mier armazs miewereba (ninos 

kurnebebTan dakavSirebiT). 

ar ma zi sa da mi T r as TvisebaTa So r is be v ri ram sa e r Toa. 

gza sa c de n il Se m co de Ta mi m arT or i ve Su ri s ma Zi e be lia da 

mka c r ad iT xo v en fi c is er T gu le b as. aT a si yu ri sa da aTi 

aT a si Tva lis mqo nea mi T ra; `yo v li sa da fa ru li sa ga mo me- 

Zi e bel~ ar m azs bi v ri t is Tva l iT mze ra ax a si a T ebs; si k v dil 

is Se m d eg su le b is ga n m s je lia mi T ra; el va re xmliT si k vd 

il-si co c x l is ga m ri gea ar ma zi. 

yo ve li ve ze mo T q mu l is mi xe d v iT, cxadi xdeba armazisa 

da miTras fizikuri da bunebiTi msgavseba. ir k ve va, rom 

fu n q ci u r ad da sa xe o b ri v ad ar ma zi da mi T ra er T ma n eTs 

em s ga v se bi an. or i v es ax a si a T ebs mzi u ro ba, ze ci u ro bi sa da 

qve y ni e re b is da ma ka v Si re be li Za l mo si le ba. mi T ra da ar mazi 

bu ne b is Za l Ta gam ri ge RvTa e be bia, ro me l T ac ad a mi a n Ta 

xsna da mfa r ve lo ba ev a le b aT. is i ni me b r Zo li, xma l Se ma r- 

Tu li me o m re bi arian, ga nu w y ve t l iv rom eb r Z vi an bo rote 

b as (mi T ra _ ar i m ans, ar ma zi _ iT ru S ans). am a s Ta na ve, 

165

or i ve gu l Ta m xi la vi da yo v li s m W v re te lia, bo ro te bi s, 

Ra la t is ma m xi le be lia. ma Ti Su ri s Zi e b is grZno ba na ca r - 

tu t ad aq c evs gza sa c de n il mlo c ve l ebs, ke Ti li s m yo f el 

Ta y va ni s m ce m l ebs ki ux vi wya lo ba en i We b aT maTgan . mi T ra 

da `li te ra tu ru li~ ar ma zi sa m ya r os Se m q m ne li oT xi el eme 

n t is mflo be le bi ar i an; am a s Ta na ve, `mzis mo m fe ne l ni~, 

`wvi m is mo m ce me l ni~, `nayofTa ga n ma z r de l ni~ RvTa e be bi 

_ ga re g no bi T ac er T ma n eTis msgavsi. am de n ad, `ni n os cxovrebis~ 

re da q ci e b Si mzis mxa t v r ul sa x ed gaazre b uli ar maz 

is ar qe ti pu li xa ti mi T ra s ac ukavSi r de ba. 

goCa kuWuxiZis azriT, farnavazis mier aRmarTuli kerpi 

_ armazi, Tavisi SinaarsiT miTras Seesabameba, Tumca 

ìgi TviTmyofadi RvTaebaa da ara _ miTras identuroba~ 

(kuWuxiZe 2000: 77), qarTuli armazi Sualeduri rgolia 

iransa da roms Soris. 

ar ma z is li te ra tu r ul sa xe Si mra va li wi na sa x is ni S an-Tvise 

ba Ta ga m T li a ne ba sa v se b iT ga sa ge bia. am gziT Se sa Z le beli 

xde ba er Ti a n ad da Z le u li yo wi na q ri s ti a nu li RvTa e bani. 

ga sa ge bia Se m d eg sa u ku ne e b Si ar ma z is sa x is cvli le b ac. 

es as a xa v da sxva da s x va epo q is esTetikur idealTa, po zi ciaTa 

cva le ba do b as ar a q ri s ti a nu li rwme n is mi m arT. ar ma z is 

literaturul sa xe Si Cans zo ro a s t ri z m is er Ti et a pi d an 

me o re ze ga da s v l is pro ce si, ad gi lo b ri vi mzis ku l t is Sena 

r Cu ne b iT. amitomac armazis kulturul-istoriul saxeSi 

SegviZlia moviazroT zogierTi niSani ahura-mazdasi, 

miTras kultisa da qarTuli erovnul-warmarTuli warmodgenebisa. 

erT modelSia warmoCenili amgvari transformacia. 

me u fe kerp ar ma zi sa da mi si aR m ma r T ve li me fe far na v azar 

ma z is ur Ti e r T ka v Si r is ga sa a z re b l ad sa yu ra d Re boa ker 

p is uk a na s k ne li msa xu r is, qa r T l is bo lo wa r ma r Ti da pir 

ve li qri s ti a ni me f is sa xe, `... ro me l sa er qua spa r su l ad 

mi h r an, xo lo qa r Tu l ad mi ri an...~ (leonti mroveli 1955: 

65). me fe mi ri a n is sa xe li, Ta na x m ad is to ri u li wya ro e bi sa, 

rac da da s tu re bu lia sa me c ni e ro li te ra tu ra Si (n.mari, 

g.meliqiSvili, k.kekeliZe, s.makalaTia, m.andronikaSvili), 

spa r su lia da mi T ra d an mo m di na re obs. 

166

le o n ti mro ve l is Txzu le ba Si Tva l sa Ci no daa war mo- 

Ce ni li me fe mi ri a n is sa x is mi ma r Te ba fa r na v az me fe s T an. 

Txzu le b is mi xe d v iT, mi ri a ni aR i a re b da ma mi sa g an da ka none 

b ul rjuls: `da iy os Svi li Ce mi or Ta ve sju li sa ze da: 

ma ma Ta Cu e n Ta ce c x l is-msa xu re ba sa da Tqu e n Ta ke r p Ta sa~ 

(leonti mroveli 1955: 65). man fa r na va zis aR ma r Tu li meu 

fe-ke r p is up i r ve le so ba aR i a ra da, am a s Ta na ve, Ta y va ni 

sca da na r C en eqvs ke r p sa da cecxls. am de n ad, me fe mi ri a ni 

fa r na va z is sa q me Ta ga m g r Ze le b l ad da ga n ma m t ki ce b l ad 

gvevli ne ba. 

mecnierTa Soris (lela patariZe, rostom CxeiZe) aRniSnulia 

farnvazisa da mirian mefis saxeTa urTierTgamWoli 

sferoebi. 

`mefeTa cxovrebis~ mi xe d v iT, fa r na v az me f is sa ma gali 

To sa q me e b iT STa go ne bu l ma me f em, ra Ta mi si Ri r se uli 

me m k vi d re o ba da e m t ki ce bi na, `hma ta Se m ko ba ke r p Ta da 

bo mo n Ta, ke Ti l ad ip y r na qu ru m ni ke r p Ta ni~ (leonti mroveli 

1955: 65) da `... yo ve l Ta me fe Ta qa r T li sa Ta um e t es 

aR a s ru le b da msa xu re ba sa mas ke r p Ta sa, da Se a m ko sa f la vi 

fa r na va zi si~ (iqve). fa r na v az me f is sa f la v is Se m ko ba mi ria 

ni sa g an kvlavac mis sa q me s T an wi l na ya ro b as mo a s wa ve b da. 

fa r na va z ma qa r T lo s is sa f la vi s pa ti vi s ce ma ar m az ke r pis 

aR ma r T v iT ga mo xa ta. TxzulebaTa ganxilvidan irkveva, 

rom me f em ara ma r to rwme n is sfe ro Si ga mo i Ci na fa r na va zis 

sa q mi sa d mi er T gu le ba, ar a m ed me fe-mzis Se q m ni li `mwig 

no b ro ba qa r Tu li~ sa ku T ar en a m ze o b ad aqcia: `Se i yu a r na 

qa r T ve l ni, da da i vi w ya ena spa r su li da is wa va ena qa r Tuli~ 

(leonti mroveli 1955: 65). da bolos, yvelaze mTavari: 

orive mefe saqarTveloSi axali religiis fuZemdeblad 

gvevlineba. farnavazi armazis damamkvidrebelia qarTul 

sinamdvileSi, miriani _ qristesmieri naTlis. am g va r ad, 

le o n ti mro ve l is mi er mi ri a n is sa x is ar qe ti p ad me fe fa rna 

va z is cxo v re ba da mo R va we o ba cxa d de ba. 

ro g orc uk ve aR v ni S n eT, arma z is ku l tu r ul-is to ri ul 

sa xe Si sarwmunoebriv id e a Ta cvli le be bia aR be W di li. miri 

a n is sa xe li mi T ra d an mo m di na re obs da ma s T an ka v Si r ze 

mi u Ti T ebs. aq ac msga v se baa fa r na va z is am be b T an. me fe far 

na va z ma, rogorc vi c iT, Ta vi si spa r su li sa xe l de b is _ 

167

armazis, ke r pi aR ma r Ta da igi Ta vi si qve y n is re li gi ad aqcia; 

me fe mi h r an-mi r ians ki ar m az ke r p T an mi T r ac See Z lo 

mo e a z re bi na. 

vasil ba r no v is ro ma n Si mi ri an me f is sa xe is to ri ul 

mo na ce m Ta sa fu Z ve l zea Seqmnili: `... mi ri ans Se s wa v li li 

hqo n da Zve li qa r Tu li ke r p Ta y va ni s m ce m lo ba da spa r se- 

Ti d an Se mo su li sa r w mu no e ba, romlis xi lu li am sa x ve li 

iyo ar ma zi... mi ri a n ma or iv da i s wa v la, verc er Ti ver Se i y vara. 

ma inc uf ro ar ma zi s k en iyo ga da x ri li: is iyo ex la ufro 

si Rme r Ti sa m f lo be lo si da un da da e c va mi si di de ba~ 

(gv. 468-469). 

romanSi, ise viT `ninos cxovrebis~ redaqciebSi, mi ri an 

me fe fa r na va zi sa g an da m k vi d re bu li rju l is mtki ce mi m deva 

ria: `... sa qa r T ve lo Si um Ta v re si sju lia is, ro m el Se mou 

ta nia fa r na oz me f es. Cve ni Rmer Ti ar is ar m az brwyi n vale. 

igi mZle da sdgas da mfa r ve l obs Cem sa b r Za ne b els~ _ 

am b obs me fe (gv. 469). romanSi Za l ze sa i n te re sodaa warmo- 

Cenili ar ma zi sa da mi ri an me f is Se m s ga v se ba: àr ma zi... am 

qve ya na Si qar T v elT Rme r T s ve da h g va ne bia; mi u Ria aq a u ri 

sa xe, Tvi se ba. mci r ed ir Ce va mkvidr Rme r Te bi d an... mi ri ani... 

spa r sia igi; Ca s de bia gu li qa r Tu li~ (gv. 514). ro ma n Si 

mi ri an me f is sa xe ko n k re t ul-is to ri ul vi Ta re ba Ta mi xed 

vi Taa Se fa se bu li. igi po li ti ku ri vi Ta re b is Se sa ba mi s ad 

mo q me d ebs. mis cno bi e re ba Si qve y n is re li gi ur mrwamss ga nsa 

z R v r avs sa ga reo mdgo ma re o ba. 

am g va r ad, Zveli qa r T uli Txzu le be b isa da vasil ba rno 

vis ro ma n is mi xe d v iT, mi ri an me f is gansaxovnebaSi me fe 

fa r na va z is ar qe ti pu li xa t ic Se d is. ma Sa sa da me, ar ma z is 

ku l tu r ul-is to ri u li sa x is ah u ra-ma z da sa da mi T ra s T an 

Se pi ri s pi re b am, ke r p is aR m ma r T ve li me fe fa r na va zi sa da 

mi ri a n is sa xe Ta ur Ti e r T mi ma r Te b am ga mo a v li na Se m de gi: 

ar ma z is mxa t v r ul mo de l Si aR be W di lia ah u ra-ma z da d an 

da mi T ra d an mo m di na re tra n s fo r mi re bu li ni S an-Tvi se bani. 

ar ma z is aR mma r Ta vi, de d iT spa r si fa r na va zi spa r su lad 

Ta vi si ke r p is sa x els at a r ebs: fa r na va zi-ar ma zi, Se sa bami 

s ad, spa r si me fi s wu li mi ri a ni-mih ra ni Ta vi si sa xe l is 

ga mo m xa t ve li mi T r as msgavs kerps eT a y va ne ba. am g va ri tran 

s fo r mi re b is gzaa ga n v li li, Cveni azriT, ah u ra-ma z da d an 

168

_ mi T ra m de, fa r na v az-ar ma zi d an _ mi ri an-mih ra m de, rome 

l Ta ga ma e r Ti a ne be li da Se m k v re lia qa r Tu li su l iT nasa 

z r do e bi, ma ma-pa pa Ta ke r pe b is pa n Te o n Si da m k vi d re bu li 

up i r ve le si RvTa e ba _ armazi. 

zemoaRniSnuli cxadyofs, rom kerp-RvTaeba armazis gansaxovnebis 

Seswavla warmoaCens agiografiuli saxismetyvelebis 

kavSirs adreul saxeqmnadobebTan. 

saerTo niSan-TvisebaTa da zogadi xasiaTis debulebaTa 

naTelsayofad movixmobT sxvadasxva epoqis TxzulebebSi 

asaxul realiebs; armazis mxatvruli saxis konkretulistoriuli 

da tipologiuri mimarTebebis daZebna gamokveTs 

mis adgils saerTo saxeobriv sistemaSi. 

me c ni e r Ta So r is (a. greni, i. javaxiSvili, s. makalaTia, 

m.Ciqovani) ga mo T q mu lia mo sa z re ba mi T r asa da qa r Tu li 

ep o s is gmiris _ am i ra n is, Se sa x eb ar se b ul Tqmu le b as Soris 

ga r k ve u li ka v Si ris ar se bo b aze. sa xe l wo de ba àm i ra nis~ 

mi T r asTan msgavsebis safuZvels xedaven (i.javaxiSvili, 

p.ingoroyva, i.orbeli, k.treveri) misi erT-erTi oreulis 

somxur sa xe l wo de ba Si _ `mher~. am ga re mo e b is ga T va li swi 

ne b iT, cdi lo b en maT sa xe l wo de ba Ta msga v se b is da sa bu- 

Te b as: amira ni _ am i h ra ni _ mi h ra ni _ am i T ra ni _ mi T ra. 

am i ra n sa da RvTa e ba mi T r as So r is msga v se ba ni sayu ra d- 

Re bo ma sa l as iZ le va ar ma z is sa x is gasa a z re b l ad. orive 

mziuri naTliT gamsWvaluli gmiria: mi T ra mzis RvTa ebaa, 

am i ra n ic `mzis msga v sia~, `Su b l m zi a nia~. am i ra n ic mziu 

ri na T l iT mosili gmi ria. mi si fu n q ciaa ga a Ta vi sufl os 

gve le Sa pi sa g an STa n T q mu li mze. av e s t as mi xe d v iT, mi T ra 

pi r ve li ze ci u ri wmi n da nia, ro me l ic mzis am o s v l as eg e beba 

èl b ru s is~ mTa ze. am de n ad, igi mzis am o svlis ma xa ro belia 

da mi si sa m f lo be lo Rme r T is mi er mi ja W vu li am i ra n is 

mTa ze _ ial bu z zea. 

am i ra ni da mi T ra or i ve ce c x l is sti qi a s Ta naa daka v- 

Si re bu li. mi T ra ze ci u ri ce c x l is mflo be lia, am i ra n ic 

ce c x l isda ri gmi ria (erTi TqmulebiT, gve le Sa pi Tavisi 

muclis gvremas da cecxliskidebas Caylapul amirans 

ukavSirebs). 

sayuradReboa ivane ja va xi S vi l is mo sa z reba (ja va xi S vil 

i 1979: 201): qa r Tu l Tqmu le b aSi ze ci uri ko S ki d an mota- 

169

ce bu li qa li SeiZleba ze ci u ri ce c x l is an mexis ce c x l is 

si m bo lo iyos. TqmulebaTa mixedviT, am i ra ni xom ze ci uri 

ce c x l is momtaceblad da mi wa ze mis momtanad iTvleba. 

aseve, RvTa e ba mi T r ac Ci ra R d n iT xelSi ev li ne ba qve ya n as. 

amdenad, mzi u ro b iT ga su li e re bu li am i ra ni da mi T ra zeci 

u ri ce c x l is mflo be li RvTa e ba-gmi re bia. 

am i ra n i da mi T r a me b r Zo li bu ne b iT ga mo i r Ce vian. am i rans 

Rme r T ma brZo la da a na T la; mi T r as da r ad, is ic ke Ti li 

gmi ria da na T el sa q me ebs em sa xu re ba. or i ves sa xe l i da ka v- 

Si re bu lia xa r is kul t Tan. mi T r as mTa va ri gmi ro ba swo r ed 

xa r T an brZo laa, ro m l is msxve r p l ad mi ta na si ke T is ze i mad 

da sa m ya r os ga na x le b ad aRiqmeba. am i ra n m ac xom ga n g mira 

xa ra d q ce u li de v is qa li, bo ro te bi sa da bne li Za le b is 

ga n s axiereba. Tavad gmiri ki, da l is mu c li d an am o yvanili, 

xa r is fa S v Si izrdeba; xari-kurati, rogorc cnobilia, 

mzis wilad iTvleba da, aqedan gamomdinare, amirani dedamzis 

daxmarebiT asrulebs zrdas. 

aR sa ni S na via ki d ev er Ti ga re mo e ba, ro me l ic miTra sa da 

am i ra n is ur Ti e r T si a x lo ve ze me t y ve l ebs. mi T r as xa r T an 

brZo l is ep i zo d T an da ka v Si re b ul ba re li e fe b Si mu d mi vadaa 

wa r mo d ge ni li yva vi sa da Za R l is ga mo sa xu le ba ni. av es 

t as mi xe d v iT, ah u ra-ma z d am xa r T an mo r ke n al mi T ra s T an 

yva vi ga a g za v na mo ci qu l ad. am is Se m d gom miTram Ta vi si er- 

T g uli me go b r is _ Za R l is _ daxmarebiT kvlav mi a g no xar 

is ad g ilsa m yo f els da ga n g mi ra igi. mo k lu li xa r is suls 

bo ro ti Za le bi sa g an icavs mi T r as er T gu li Za R li. mi T ras 

T an da ka v Si re bu li es ori cxo ve li am i ra nis Tqmu le ba Sicaa 

as a xu li. am i ra ni sa da mi T r as saerTo sa xi s me t y ve lebi 

Ti pri n ci pebi, garkveuli mniSvnelobiT, ar ma zi s mxatvrul 

saxes miemarTeba. mziuroba, RvTaebrioba, mebrZoli 

buneba, xalxis samsaxuri da omi borot ZalebTan _ maTi 

siaxlovis ganmsazRvreli faqtorebia. 

am i ra ni sa da ar ma z is ur Ti e r T ka v Si r is ar se bo b is Se sax 

eb pi r ve l ad aRniSna m. Ci qo va n ma na S ro m Si _ `mi ja W vu li 

am i ra ni~ (Ci qo va n i 1947: 187). 

ma r T l ac, iZ e b ne ba sa e r To Tvi se be bi am i ra ni sa da ar maz 

is mxa t v r ul sa xe Ta So r is. orive mziuri naTliT gabrwyinebuli 

RvTaeba-gmirebia: kerp-RvTa e ba ar ma zi `mzis mo- 

170

m fe ne li~ bu ne bi saa, mi To lo gi u ri am i ra n ic `mzis msga v si~ 

da `Sub l m zi a nia~; igi, ar ma z is msga v s ad, RvTa e b ri o ba s Tanaa 

zi a re bu li, oq ro s na w na vi a ni da l is Svi li da RmerT is 

na T lu lia. 

amirani da ar ma z i me b r Zo li bu ne b iT xa si a T de bi an. is i ni 

da u c x ro m l ad iR w vi an si ke Ti sa T v is da gamu d me b iT om o b en 

bo r ot Za le b T an _ ar ma zi iT ru San T an, am i ra ni _ de ve b Tan 

da gve le Sa p T an. 

sva nu ri Tqmu le b is Ta na xm ad, am i ra n i Tavs spi le n Z Si Camo 

s x mu lad mi i C n evs. ya ma r T an as a s v le l ad ga m za de bu li 

amira ni mWe d l ebs sTxovs, rom ce g Si Ca s We d on da am S vi debs, 

rom igi spi le n Zi saa da ce c x l Si ar daiwve ba; armazis 

kerpic xom spilenZSia Camosxmuli. 

ar ma zi s darad, am i ra n sac Tavze Ca C qa ni hxu r avs, ja W vi 

da ab ja ri ac via: `Ce mo xma lo da ab ja ro sa Za l od mo me S vele 

n iT~ (kotetiSvili 1961: 299), an `ja W v is ka l Te bi da ma c vda 

am de ni si s x l Si xev iTa~ (kotetiSvili 1961: 302) da `Tavs 

ix u ra v di Ca C qa n sa, bo lo ze ja W vi a no b di~ (kotetiSvili 

1961: 306). am i ra ni sa da ar ma z is xm lebi ga moi r Ce vian gansakuTrebuli 

Tvi se be b iT. am i r anis xma li is e mZi me iyo, rom 

ar a v is SeeZlo mi si aw e va. mis We d va Si ko s mi u ri Za le bi iyo 

Ca b mu li: `ca sWe q da, mi wa grgvi na v da, sam We d lo eq a ne bo da~ 

(kotetiSvili 1961: 299); armazis mudam moZravi xmali ki 

qarTlis ers imorCilebs. 

am i ra nic, armazis msgavsad, gu l Ta m xi la via. mas yo v li sm 

xe d ve li, `sa c r isod e na Tva le bi~ aqvs, ro m le b ic s W v re t en 

yovelive da fa r ulsa da bo r ots. qarTvelTa RvTaebis darad, 

amiranic Su ri s ma Zi e be lia (igi klavs devs iamanis Seuracxyofis 

sanacvlod). 

amiran-armazisa da miTras urTierTsiaxloves saer- 

To ciuri dRis _ xuTSabaTis _ arsebobac adasturebs. 

saqarTveloSi xuTSabaT dRes `cis dRes~ uwodebdnen. am ira 

n is ja W v is gasa m r Te le b l ad ki yve la mWe de li kvers grdemlze 

swored did xuTSabaTs da h k ra v da xolme; iqneb imitomac, 

rom man Rru be l Ta bato n is qa li mo i ta ca, ro m l is 

sa di de b el dRed saqa r T ve lo Si swo r ed xu T Sa ba Ti dRe aris 

ga n kuTvni li?~ (javaxiSvili 1979: 198). amasTan dakavSirebiT 

sayuradReboa isic, rom sa qa r T ve lo Si mi T r as dRes 

171

xu T Sa ba To b iT ix di d n en da mas `cis dRes~ uw o de b dnen. amirani 

da armazi Tavissave saxelobis dRes movlenili ubedurebiT 

isjebian: armazobaze imsxvreva qarTvelTa kerpi, 

amiranis tanjva mZimdeba yovel xuTSabaTs. 

garda zemoaRniSnulisa, miTras, armazsa da amirans sai 

n te re so pa ra le le bi eZebnebaT ap o li ni os ro do se l is 

Txzu le ba Si _ àr go na v ti ka~. ar ma z is, mi T r as, amiranisa 

da mefe aiet is sa mo si Ti T q m is id e n ti u ria da me b r Z oli 

RvTa e b isaTvis ga nkuTvnil yvela detals imeorebs. mi T ra 

da aieti sxi ve bi a ni mzis di s k os gvi r g vi n iT ar i an Se m ku l ni. 

mzis disko ki, rogorc cnobilia, ahura-mazdas simboloa. 

aiet me f e, miTras msgavsad, xmliTa da Ci ra R d n iTaa aRWurvili, 

rac, or i ve Se m T x ve va Si, maT Su ri s ma Zi e b el bu ne b as 

uk a v Si r de ba. àr go na v ti ka Si~ vki T xu l obT: `ma r c xe na xe l- 

Si aiet me f es mo m r g va le bu li eW i ra fa ri, xo lo ma r j ve n iT 

uz a r ma za ri fi W v is ma S xa la, ze a we u li~ (apolonios rodoseli 

1975: 62). 

ze ci u ri ce c x l is _ Ci ra R d n is _ mflo be lia am i ra nic, 

ro me l m ac Rru b elT ba t ons, We qa-qu xi l is RmerTs, ce c xl 

is si m bo lo _ya ma ri mo s ta ca. iaz o n s ac, am i ra n is da r ad, 

mzis sa me fo ko l xe Ti dan mzis as u li me dea mi h y avs; am a s Tana 

ve, oq r os verZis flo b ac xom mzi u ri Za l is ga Ta vi se b as 

moaswa v ebs. me fe aiet is spi le n Zi s fe xa ce c x li s m f r q ve v el 

xarebs, miTras msgavsad, eb r Z v is da im o r Ci l ebs iaz o ni. 

armaz _ amiran _ miTras msgavsad, iazonic usazRvro 

Zalis mflobelia, romelsac mas medea promeTe-amiranis 

sisxlisagan aRmocenebuli wiTeli yvavilis ZaliT ani- 

Webs: `yva vi li igi ga C n da pi r ve l ad ka v ka si o n is mwve r va l Ta 

So r is, ro ca wveT-wve T ad Ca mo di o da klde ze mo wa me prome 

T es si s x li... da wyrTis si ma R l is or Re ro va ni ko x ta yvavi 

li iz a r da mi s g an~ (apolonios rodoseli 1975: 140). am 

yva vi li sa g an da m za de bu li `pro me T es wa m l is~ me S ve o b iT 

iaz o ni yo v li s Se m Z le xde ba, igi pro me Te-am i ra n is gu l is 

si s x l Ta naa na zi a re bi. 

Rru be l Ta ba to n is qa lic _ ya ma ri _ ba la x iT ac o c xl 

ebs am i r ans. am de n ad, mi si sa xe mku r na l is fu n q ci i Ta da tvi 

r Tu li, ise viT aiet is as u li me de asi, ba la xe b iT mku rna 

li jadoqari qa l wu lisa. mi ri an me f ec wm.ni n os ar ma z is 

172

as u l ad mi i C n evs da am iT xsnis mi si ku r ne b is Za l mo si le b as. 

aseve mi T rac cnobilia rogorc mku r na li Rme r Ti. 

zo ro a s t ru li re li gi is RvTa e b ebs _ ah u ra-ma z da sa da 

mi T r as, qa r Tu li ep o s is gmirs _ am i r ans, ap o lo ni os rodo 

se l is àr go na v ti k is~ pe r so na J ebs _ aiet sa da iaz ons 

da qa r T ve l Ta kerp-RvTaba ar ma z is mxa t v rul sa x es Se sa Zle 

be lia sxva sa e r To Tvi se be b ic daeZebnoT, magram ma Ti 

sa fu Z v li a ni Se s wa v la Cve ni na S ro m is fa r g l ebs sci l de ba. 

amrigad, kerp-RvTa e ba ar ma z is ga n sa xo v ne ba ti po logi 

ur msga v se b as am J Ra v n ebs sxva da s x va epoq is mi To s ur da 

literaturul sa xe e b T an. amgvari urTierTmimarTebani ki 

uk eT war mo a Ce n en ar ma z is sa xi s me t y ve le b iT Si na arss. arma 

z is gansaxovneba mudmiv cvalebadobaSia. misi sa xi s me ty 

ve le bi Ti mra va l g va ro ba aix s ne ba, er T i mxriv, ep o qa Ta 

ga n s x va ve bu li mso f la R q m iT, sxva da s x vagvari es Te ti k ursa 

xi s me t y ve le bi Ti pri n ci pe b iT da, me o re mxriv, na wa r moe 

b Ta Ja n ro b ri vi TaviseburebebiT. arma z is mra va l gvari 

formacvaleba mi si sa xi s me t y ve le bi Ti tevadobis da ma das 

tu re be lia. igi, zogadad, erTi saerTo modelis saxe-sistemas 

mihyveba. armazi mTe li qa r Tu li sa xi s me t y ve le b is 

mni S v ne lo va ni pa ra di g maa. 

damowmebani: 

am i ra na S vi li 1944: am i ra na S vi li S. qa r Tu li re li e fu ri qa n da ke b is 

uZ ve le si ni mu Si. sa qa r T ve l os mu ze u m is `mo a m be~, XIIB, Tb. : ga mo m ce m lo ba 

saq. ssr. mecn. ak ad., 1944. 

ap o lo ni os ro do se li 1975: ap o lo ni os ro do se li àr go na v ti ka~, Tar 

g ma ni da Se sa va li we ri li ak. ge lo va ni sa, re da qcia, na r k ve vi, Se ni S v ne bi 

da sa Zi e be li ak.uru Sa Zi sa. Tb.: gamomcemloba `me c ni e re ba~, 1975. 

ar s en be ri 1973: ar s en be ri `cxo v re ba da mo qa la qe o ba da Ru a w li wmin 

d is da Ri r si sa Cu e ni sa ni noÁsi...~, Zve li qa r Tu li ag i o g ra fi u li li tera 

tu r is Ze g le bi, t. III, Tb.: gamomcemloba `me c ni e re ba~, 1973. 

ba r no vi 1988: ba r no vi v. àr ma z is msxvre va~. Txz., t. 7, Tb.: gamomcemloba 

`sa b Wo Ta mwe ra li~, 1923-25. 

gi o r ga Ze 1988: gi o r ga Ze g. aT a si RvTa e b is qve ya na. Tb.: gamomcemloba 

`me c ni e re ba~, 1988. 

do Ca na S vi li 1982: do Ca na S vi li g. `sa mo se li pi r ve li~. Tb.: gamomcemloba 

`sabWo Ta sa qa r T ve lo~, 1982. 

va xu S ti ba to ni S vi li 1973: va xu S ti ba to ni S vi li àR we ra sa me fo sa 

saqar T ve lo sa~. qa r T l is cxo v re ba, t. IV, s.yau x Ci S vi l is red. Tb.: gamomcemloba 

`sa b Wo Ta sa qa r T velo~, 1973. 

173

va xu S ti ba to ni S vi li 1885: va xu S ti ba to ni S vi li sa qa r T ve l os is toria, 

ga n ma r te bu li da Se v se bu li ax l ad Se Ze ni l is ar xe o lo gi u ri sa da 

is to ri u li cno be b iT d.z. ba q ra Z is mi er. n. I, tf.: gamomcemloba g. d. qa r- 

T ve li Svil is sta m ba, 1885. 

Te i mu r az ba to ni S vi li 1848: Te i mu r az ba to ni S vi li ìs to ria da w yebi 

T g an iv e ri i sa, ese igi gi o r gi i sa, ro m el ars sruli ad sa qa r T ve loÁsa~. 

sa n k t pe te r bu r gi : gamomcemloba sa m ecn. ak ad. sta m ba, 1848. 

ko te ti S vi li 1961: ko te ti S vi li v. xa l xu ri po e zia. Tb.: gamomcemloba 

`sabWoTa mwe ra li~, 1961. 

kuWuxiZe 2000: kuWuxiZe g. armazianebi qristianuli epoqis zRurblze. 

religia. gamomcemloba `samSoblo~, #1-2-3. 2000. 

kuWuxiZe 2006: kuWuxiZe g. armazuli misteriebis detalebi. literaturul 

Ziebani. SoTa rusTavelis qarTuli literaturis instituti. 

XXVII. 2006. 

le o ni Ze 1986: le o ni Ze g. Ca b ne le bu li ar ma zi. kre bu li 99 es se. Tb.: 

gamomcemloba `me ra ni~, 1986. 

le o n ti mro ve li 1955: le o n ti mro ve li ni n os mi er qa r T l is mo q ceva, 

qa r T l is cxo v re ba. t. I, te q s ti da d ge ni li yve la Zi ri Ta di xe l na we r is 

mi xe d v iT s. ya u x Ci S vi l is mi er. Tb.: gamomcemloba `sa xe l ga mi~, 1955. 

ma ka la Tia 1938: ma ka la Tia s. je ge-mi sa ro n is ku l ti Zvel saqa r T velo 

Si. Tb.: gamomcemloba saq. sa m xa re T m co d neo sazo ga do e b isa, 1938. 

mari 1901: Марр Н. Боги языческой Грузии, СПб, тип. Имп.Акад.наук, 1901. 

movses xorenaci 1984: movses xorenaci somxeTis istoria, Targm. da 

Sesavali al. abdalaZisa. Tb.: gamomcemloba `mecniereba~, 1984. 

mo q ce vaÁ qa r T li saÁ 1953: `mo q ce vaÁ qa r T li saÁ~ `ni n os cxo v re b is~ 

Sa t be r d ul-We li Su ri re da q ci e bi. Zve li qa r Tu li ag i o g ra fi u li Ze gle 

bi. Tb. : gamomcemloba saq. ssr mecn. ak ad., 1953. 

or be li a ni 1966: or be li a ni s. Txzu le ba ni, t. IV 2 , av to g ra fi u li nus 

xe b is mi xe d v iT ga mo sa ce mad mo a m za da il. ab u la Z em. Tb. : gamomcemloba 

`sa b Wo Ta saqa r T ve lo~, 1966. 

si ra Ze 1984: si ra Ze r. qa r Tu li es Te ti k is spe ci fi ki sa Tvis. ci s ka ri. 

saq. kom. pa r ti is ck-is gam-ba, № #6-7, 1984. 

su r gu la Ze 1986: su r gu la Ze i. qa r Tu li xa l xu ri or na me n t is si m boli 

ka. Tb.: gamomcemloba `me c ni e re ba~, 1986. 

uc no bi av to ri (XIII s.) 1946: uc no bi av to ri (XIII s.) `ni n os cxo v re ba~. 

Zveli qa r Tu li li te ra tu r is qre s to ma Tia, sol. yu ba ne i S vi l is red., 

Tb. : gamomcemloba Tsu, 1946. 

fa ru la va 1982: fa ru la va g. mxa t v ru li sa x is bu ne bi sa T v is Zvel qa r- 

T ul pro za Si. Tb.: gamomcemloba `ga na T le ba~, 1982. 

`qa r T l is cxo v re b a~ 1953: `qa r T l is cxo v re b is~ Zve li so m xu ri Ta r gma 

ni. il. ab u la Z is red., Tb.: gamomcemloba Tsu, 1953. 

Ci qo va ni 1947: Ci qo va ni m. mi ja W vu li am i ra ni. Tb.: gamomcemloba Tsu, 

1947. 

we re Te li 1940: we re Te li a. `wmi n da ni no anu qri s ti a no b is Se mo Re ba 

sa qa r T ve lo Si~. po e me bi, t. III, Tb.: gamomcemloba `sa xe l ga mi~, 1940. 

174

ja va xi S vi li 1979: ja va xi S vi li i. qa r T ve li er is is to ria. Txz., t. I, 

Tb.: gamomcemloba Tsu, 1979. 

ja na S vi li 1906: ja na S vi li m. sa qa r T ve l os is to ria. t. I, Tb.: gamomcemloba 

`Sro ma~, 1906. 

Nana Gonjilashvili 

One Paradigmatic symbol of the “The Life of St. Nino” 

(The Personification of the Pagan-idol Armazi) 

Summary 

Paradigmatic potency of the idol of Armazi,expressed in Shatberdic- 

Chelish edition of „The Life of St. Nino“ is evident not only in different 

editions of the mentioned literary monument and Georgian historical 

works, but also in literature of following epochs (Ak. Tsereteli, V. Barno, 

G. Leonidze); and it’s prerequisites are found in the Old Testament and 

Georgian mythology. 

Comprehension of the eents (fire, idol, priest, sacrifice) connected 

with the idol of Armazi manifests the aspiration of Cristian writers for 

accenting the advantage of national bases in order to overcome the traditional 

orientalism. The mythological sum is a determining event of eidetic 

image of Armazi. In paradigmatic image of Armazi there is impressed 

a picture of different religions (Zoroastrizm and Mithraism) in different 

epochs, historical developement (from Parnavazi to Miriani) and mutability 

aesthetic ideals. Diversity of images of Armazi is explained by different 

world outlook of epochs, different aesthetic principles; and these 

fact confirm the imaginatie potential of Armazi. Armazi is an important 

paradigm of Georgian literature. 

175

irina nacvliSvili 

176 

mirian mefis `wigni – anderZi~ 

`wminda ninos cxovrebis~ uZvelesi redaqciis Satberduli 

da WeliSuri nusxebi mirian mefis `wigniTa~ da ànderZiT~ 

sruldeba (sinurSi maT mosdevs iakob mRvdlis 

aRwerili Tavi _ àRmarTebisaTÂs patiosnisa juarisa 

mcxeTas~), romlebic qarTlis moqcevisa da ninos moRvaweobis 

logikur Sedegad moCans `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ 

yvela dRes arsebul variantSi (Satberduli, WeliSuri da 

sinuri). 

amTaviTve unda iTqvas ori ram: 

1) vfiqrobT, mefis `wigni~ da ànderZi~ mirianisgan momdinare 

Txrobis ori damoukidebeli nawili ki ara, erTi 

mTliani teqsti unda iyos. am azrs, Cveni TvalsazrisiT, 

mxars uWers is faqtic, rom arc Satberdul, arc WeliSur 

da arc sinur redaqciaSi ànderZi~ Tavebis saTvalavSi 

ar Sedis, maSin roca mis win moTavsebuli mirianis `wigni~ 

calke Tavad aris xelnawerebSi aRricxuli (Satberdul- 

Si _ ìe~, WeliSursa da sinurSi _ ì~). ànderZi~ `wigns~ 

mosdevs. `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ yvela dRes arsebuli 

redaqciis mixedviT, `wigni~ `dawera mirean mefeman qar- 

Tlisaman Jamsa sikudilisasa~ (W. `Jamsa sikudilisa misisasa~). 

Satberdul xelnawerSi damatebiTi cnobac aris: àRwera 

ÃeliTa iakob mTavarepiskoposisaÁTa da misca salomes 

uJarmelsa, Zis colsa TÂssa, romeli mecnier iyo yovelsave 

WeSmaritad~ (`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ 1964: S. 157) * . e. i. 

mirianis `monaTxrobi~ Cauweria iakob mTavarepiskoposs, 

xolo miriansve gadaucia salome uJarmelisaTvis, `TÂsi~ 

Zis colisaTvis. sinur xelnawerSi vkiTxulobT: `wignÁ, 

romel dawera mirian mefeman qarTlisaman Jamsa sikudilisasa. 

dawera ÃeliTa iakob mTavar-episkopozisaÁTa da 

misca salomes, Zis colsa missa, rameTu iyo igi mecnier 

yovlisa ubiwo WeSmaritebisa~ ( aleqsiZe 2007: s. 54). 

* qvemoT `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ sxvadasxva redaqciis teqsts davimowmebT 

gamocemaze miuTiTeblad, mxolod redaqciis aRniSvniT sawyisi asoTi _ S., 

W., s.

vfiqrobT, logikuria davuSvaT, rom `Jamsa sikudilisasa~ 

mirianisa, anu sasikvdilo sarecelze myofi mefis 

gverdiT iyvnen misi ojaxis wevrebi da mTavarepiskoposi. 

amitom, SesaZloa, es `wigni~, iakobis mier Cawerili, iqve gadaeca 

salomes. rac Seexeba ànderZs~, isic iq da im dros 

unda gaJRerebuliyo, Tumca werilobiT gasaformeblad 

SeiZleba arc yofiliyo gamiznuli, magram iq myofT CaeweraT 

an Semdgom mexsierebiT aRedginaT. asea Tu ise, faqtia, 

anderZi, ZiriTadad, sikvdiliswina danabarebia. mirianis 

`wignic~ `Jamsa sikudilisasa misisasa~ aris Sedgenili. Sesabamisad, 

`wigni~ da ànderZi~ mefis erTdrouli sityvieri 

aqti unda iyos, rasac adasturebs maTi saerTo ganwyoba da 

suliskveTeba. marTlac, `wignisa~ da ànderZis~ teqsti 

TiTqos erTi amosunTqviT aris warmoTqmuli mefis mier 

da meore pirvelis logikuri gagrZelebaa. amgvari varaudis 

daSvebisaTvis, SesaZloa, isic iyos sayuradRebo, 

rom mirianis ànderZis~ zedwerilSi misi Camweri ar Cans, 

maSin roca Satberdul da sinur xelnawerebSi sagangebod 

aris aRniSnuli mefis `wignis~ àRmweris~ vinaoba. iqneb, 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ romelime redaqtorma meqanikurad 

gahyo `wigni-anderZi~, ris gamoc ara mxolod dairRva 

teqstis mTlianoba, aramed zedwerilSi miTiTebuli Camweris 

vinaobac aRar gadahyva meore nawils. sainteresoa, 

rom WeliSur xelnawerSi arc `wignis~ da arc ànderZis~ 

zedwerilSi aranairi sxva cnoba ar aris, garda imisa, rom 

orive es teqsti mirianisgan momdinareobs (`wigni, romeli 

dawera mirian mefeman qarTlisaman Jamsa sikudilisa misisasa~ 

(W. 157) da ànderZi mirian mefisa Zisa mimarT TÂsisa 

revisasa da nana dedoflisa~ (W. 162). 

mirianis `wignsa~ da ànderZs~, rogorc Cans, erTian 

teqstad miiCnevs T. mgalobliSvilic. marTalia, mkvlevari 

amis Sesaxeb sagangebod ar msjelobs, magram mcxeTaSi 

ori eklesiis agebis mauwyebeli epizodis damowmebisas is 

uTiTebs `mirian mefis weril-anderZs~ (mgalobliSvili 

1991: 176), arada, es pasaJi sakuTriv `wignSia~. sxva adgilas 

T. mgalobliSvili wers: `mirian mefis anderZSi yuradRebas 

iqcevs aseve `qvemo eklesiis~ saxelic `wmidaÁ wmidaTaÁ~ 

(mgalobliSvili 1991: 179). amis Sesaxeb Txrobac mirianis 

177

`wignSia~. vfiqrobT, zemoTqmuli swored imaze metyvelebs, 

rom mkvlevari `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ redaqciebSi 

arsebul mirian mefis `wignsa~ da ànderZs~ erTmaneTisagan 

ar mijnavs. 

2) mirianis `wigni-anderZi~ `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ erTerTi 

uZvelesi nawilia. rac ar unda gviandelad miviCnioT 

`wm. ninos cxovrebis~ Satberduli, WeliSuri da sinuri 

redaqciebis dRes arsebuli teqstebi, bolo drois samecniero 

gamokvlevebma cxadyo, rom maTSi aSkarad Cans Zveli 

plastebi da, saerTod, Zegli msoflmxedvelobrivad warmarTobidan 

qristianobaze gadasvlis epoqis amsaxvelia. 

garda amisa, warmoudgenelia, rom axladnaTelRebuli 

qveynis eklesias Tavis liturgikul-eortalogiur praqtikaSi 

imTaviTve ar CaerTo qveynis moqcevasTan dakav- 

Sirebuli umTavresi sakiTxavebi. ninos moRvaweobisa da 

qarTlSi qristianobis gavrceleba-dafuZnebis Sesaxeb ambebis 

Tavdapirvelad swored sakiTxavTa saxiT arsebobas 

varaudobs r. siraZe (siraZe 1997). sxva TvalsazrisiT, 

daba bodSi Semdgara sasikvdilod dasneulebul ninosTan 

gamosaTxovrad xalxmravali kreba, sadac ganmanaTlebeli 

hyveba Tavisi cxovrebis Sesaxeb. amasTanave, sidonia, abia- 

Tari, iakobi ixsenieben qarTlis istoriasa da moqcevasTan 

dakavSirebul mniSvnelovan epizodebs, xolo am yvelafers 

iweren salome ujarmeli da peroJavr sivnieli (am ukanasknelis 

saxeli Txrobis zedwerilebSi aRar Cans). `mefis 

yofna am krebulis poziciiT gamosaTxovar mitingze... ar 

igulisxmeba... es kargad Cans... `wignis~ zedwerilidanac, 

saidanac irkveva, rom mefes TviT sikvdilmitanebuls 

Seudgenia igi da Cauwerinebia iakobisaTvis. es Canaweri 

gadauciaT salomesaTvis~ (CxartiSvili 1987: 71). * 

miuxedavad sxvadasxva Sexedulebisa Satberduli, Weli- 

Suri da sinuri `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ teqstebis warmoSobis 

teqnikuri mxaris Sesaxeb, erTi ram cxadia – igi cikluri 

agebulebis Zeglia, msgavsad `grigol xanZTelis cxovrebisa~, 

anu im tipis agiografiuli Txzulebaa, romelic ar 

Seicavs gabmul Txrobas da wmindanis cxovrebas calkeul 

epizodebad gadmogvcems. swored amgvari cikluri agebu- 

178 

* saerTod, am sakiTxebze ixileT CxartiSvili 1970: 63-90..

lebis gamo `moqceviseul~ `wm. ninos cxovrebaSi~ sruliad 

bunebrivad moCans mirian mefis `wigni-anderZi~, romelic 

Tavisi sulieri SinaarsiT ninos ganmanaTlebluri moRvaweobis 

logikur Sedegs warmoadgens, xolo siuJeturad, 

garkveulwilad, kravs Txrobas. rogorc SeniSnavs m. CxartiSvili: 

`mirianis `wignSi~ pirvelad Semodis mogoneba ninos 

gardacvalebisa da dakrZalvis Sesaxeb... avtoriseul 

mogonebaSi dasneulebuli nino Cans da ara gardacvlili. 

aq ki ikvreba wredi: daiwyo ninos dasneulebis ambiT, 

gadaiSala amis mere mTeli misi cxovreba da dabolovda 

gardacvalebisa da dakrZalvis aRweriT. `wignis~ Semdeg 

`cxovrebaSi~ vxvdebiT mirianis anderZs colisa da Svilisadmi. 

ninos xsovnis Senaxvasa da qristianobis ganmtkicebisaTvis 

zrunvas ubarebs maT miriani. esaa mTeli nawarmoebis 

laitmotivi, misi mimarTebac momavlisadmi~ (CxartiSvili 

1987: 71-72). 

Sinaarsobrivad mirianis `wigni~ qarTlSi qristianobis 

ganmtkicebasTan dakavSirebuli, Txzulebis teqstSi win 

ukve aRwerili movlenebis mokle, reziumirebuli gadmocemaa, 

ramdenime axali cnobisa Tu niuansis damatebiT, 

romlebic, mefis ànderZTan~ erTad, `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ 

Semdgom redaqciebSi met-naklebad gadanawilda ZiriTad 

TxrobaSi. ambis gabmulad gadmocemis principiT agebuli 

wmindanis `cxovrebisaTvis~, rasakvirvelia, sruliad zedmeti 

aRmoCnda mirianis `wign-anderZis~ calke saxiT arseboba, 

Tumca unda aRiniSnos, rom leonti mrovelis redaqciaSi 

TiTqmis ucvlelad ikiTxeba mefis ànderZi~, rac 

vasilografiuli Janris specifikiT unda iyos Sepirobebuli. 

rodis unda Seqmniliyo mirianis `wigni-anderZi~? miuxedavad 

imisa, rom `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ Seswavlis sawyisi 

etapidanve moyolebuli araerTi mkvlevari Satberdul- 

WeliSur `wm. ninos cxovrebas~ adreul Zeglad miiCnevda, 

mecnierebaSi mainc gabatonda azri misi IX saukuneSi Seqmnis 

Sesaxeb da is mTlianad fsevdo-epigrafikul Txzulebad 

gamocxadda (k. kekeliZe, i. javaxiSvili). amgvar Tvalsazriss, 

rogorc Cans, xeli Seuwyo maTi avtorebis didma 

mecnierulma avtoritetmac da damatebiTi wyaroebis 

simwiremac. XX saukunis 80-iani wlebidan moyolebuli sa- 

179

fuZvlianma literaturaTmcodneobiTma da wyaroTmcodneobiTma 

kvlevebma cxadyo, rom e. w. Satberdul-WeliSuri 

redaqciis `wm. ninos cxovreba~ Seicavs uZveles plastebs 

da is Tavdapirveli saxiT (romlis sruli rekonstruqcia 

dRes, rasakvirvelia, Znelia) IV-V ss. unda Seqmniliyo. 

rac Seexeba mirianis `wign-anderZs~, igi, rogorc SeniSnavs 

r. siraZe, `dawerilia imis Semdeg, rac `dahfara Rrubelman 

wmidaÁ nino~... amitom miviCnevT am wigns erT-erT upirveles 

qarTul qristianul nawarmoebad. iqneb, imasac 

SeiZleba mieniWos mniSvneloba, rom es nawarmoebi iwyeba 

uZvelesi enobrivi formiT _ ìyo:~, sadac ìyos~ Semdeg 

aucilebelia orwertili daiweros, radgan mas mohyveba 

sxva Semasmeneli, romelic winadadebis ZiriTad azrs 

gamoxatavs (ase iwyeba `wm. ninos cxovreba~ Tavidanve da 

`SuSanikis wamebac~)~ (siraZe 1997: 205). 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ vrceli `ninos cxovrebis~, 

rogorc wm. ninoze mogonebaTa krebulis, Seqmnis TariRze 

saubrisas m. CxartiSvili eyrdnoba swored `mirianis 

wigns~: `Txzulebis bolo Tavi – mirianis mogoneba – mefes 

sikvdilmitanebuls gauformebia. mose xorenelis cnobiT, 

miriani IV s. 50-ian wlebSi gardaicvala. e. i. gamodis, rom 

krebulis Sedgenis TariRad igulisxmeba IV s. Sua xanebi~ 

(CxartiSvili 1987: 74). 

teqstis daTariRebisaTvis mniSvnelovnad miiCnevs 

mirianis `wigns~ l. patariZec. mkvlevris TvalsazrisiT, 

`roca `wigni mirianisa~ iwereboda, e. i. mirianis sikvdilis 

axlo xanebSi, ninos cxovrebis ZiriTadi epizodebi, misi 

siuJeturi qarga ukve arsebobda im saxiT, ra saxiTac is 

daculia wm. ninos cxovrebis Satberdul-WeliSur redaqciaSi. 

`wignis~ avtori icnobs mas da qmnis Tavis Txzulebas, 

rogorc am krebulis ukanasknel, damagvirgvinebel 

Tavs. amgvarad, mTeli `ninos cxovrebis~ daweris TariRi 

`mirianis wignis~ mixedviT SeiZleba ganisazRvros da mefe 

mirianis gardacvalebis TariRiT Semoifarglos~ (patariZe 

1989: 163). 

vfiqrobT, rom mirianis `wigni-anderZi~ Tavdapirveli 

saxiT (droTa ganmavlobaSi mas garkveuli cvlilebebi, 

rasakvirvelia, unda ganecada, iseve, rogorc mTlianad 

180

am Zegls) marTlac mefis gardacvalebis wina periodSi 

unda Seqmniliyo. is, miuxedavad imisa, Tu vin àRwera~, anu 

werilobiT gaaforma, an vin gaukeTa mas redaqtireba `ninos 

cxovrebis~ saerTo konteqstSi, mainc mirianisgan momdinared 

unda miviCnioT. ver gaviziarebT i. javaxiSvilis 

Tvalsazriss, rom mirian mefis anderZi, romelSic is Tavis 

Tanamecxedresa da mTavarepiskoposs viTomcda ninos 

`samarxvos~ jerovnad movla-patronobas ubarebda, yalbia 

da imaze metyvelebs, rom Txzulebis Seqmnis droisTvisac 

ki (anu IX s. _ ase fiqrobs mkvlevari, _ i. n.) wm. ninos 

Sesaferisad Tayvans ar scemdnen (ix. javaxiSvili 1977: 

108). uZvelesi qarTuli mravalTavebis Seswavlam cxadyo, 

rom ninos kulti saqarTveloSi VI saukuneSi arsebobda 

(ix. metreveli 1976). an ki ras matebda informaciulad IX 

s-Si `wm. ninos cxovrebas~ `nayalbevi~ anderZi? ratom unda 

dasWirveboda Semdgomi saukuneebis avtors `mogoneba~, 

SeTxzva mefis `wign-anderZisa~, miTumetes, Tuki is kidev 

ufro arTulebda Zeglis kompoziciur da struqturul 

saxes, ris gamoc jer kidev XII s-Si am krebuls kritikulad 

Sexeda arsen berma, Semdgom ki zogierTma mkvlevarma, maT 

Soris i. javaxiSvilma, miiCnia, rom `xelovnebis mxrivac es 

nawarmoebi mdare Rirsebis nawarmoebia~ (javaxiSvili 1977: 

110)?! 

ras warmoadgens mirianis `wigni-anderZi~ Tavisi faqtobrivi, 

sulieri da mxatvrul-esTetikuri SinaarsiT? 

faqtobrivi TvalsazrisiT, rogorc zemoT aris aRniSnuli, 

mirianis `wigni-anderZi~ mxolod ramdenime damatebiT 

cnobasa Tu niuanss Seicavs, ise ki, ZiriTadad, TxzulebaSi 

win moTxrobili mniSvnelovani movlenebis erTgvari 

lakoniuri gadmocemaa. magram Tavisi sulieri SinaarsiT 

igi naTelRebuli mefis aRsarebaa, Sinagani gamocdilebisa 

da pirovnuli gardatexis gziT àxal cxovrebas~ ziarebuli 

kacis esqatologiuri molodinis imediani gancdaa, 

sulieri Rvawlia, daubadebeli naTlis xilvis sasoebiT 

gaciskrovnebuli. Sesabamisad, mxatvrul-esTetikuri 

bunebiT mirianis `wigni-anderZi~ bibliur-qristologiur 

warmodgenebsa da saxeobriv sistemas efuZneba. 

181

sainteresoa, rom Tumca mefis `wigni-anderZi~ pirvelive 

frazidan moyolebuli dasasrulamde `wminda werilisa~ 

da qristianuli RvTismetyvelebis konteqstiT 

Sinaarsdeba, aq ver SevxvdebiT bibliidan moxmobil 

citatebs. amasTanave, miuxedavad zeamaRlebuli emociuri 

ganwyobisa, teqsti stilurad sadaa da uSualo. swored 

amgvari eTikuroba aqcevs mas maRalesTetikur raobadac. 

aq erTi mxatvruli saxe Sinagani logikiT exmianeba meores, 

meore – mesames, rac ganapirobebs kidec teqstis saerTo 

sulieri Sinaarsis mTlianobas. 

`da iyo Jamsa mas, romelsa moiÃsena ufalman queyanaÁ ese 

CrdiloÁsaÁ, dabnelebuli codviTa da savse cTomiTa eSmakisaÁTa, 

viyveniT Cuen viTarca cxovarni klvadni~ (S. 157) 

– ase Semodis `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ Satberdul redaqcia- 

Si mirianis `wigni~. SemTxveviTi ar unda iyos, rom teqsti 

Jamze, droze miTiTebiT iwyeba. amgvari miTiTebiT iwyeba 

bibliac: `dasabamad qmnna RmerTman caÁ da queyanaÁ~ (dab. 

1,1). es dasabami aris absoluturi sawyisi, saidanac aiTvleba 

istoriuli dro. kacobriobis esa Tu is movlena swored 

am istoriul droSi xdeba da RvTaebriv Rirebulebas iZens, 

radgan transcendentul, istoriul dromde zedroulad, 

maradiulad arsebuli RvTis Canafiqris sxvadasxva etapia, 

romelTagan TiToeuli gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobisaa. 

`yovelTaTÂs Jami ars da Jami Cans yovlisa saqmisa casa 

queSe~, _ gvamcnobs eklesiaste (ekl. 3,1). da vinaidan `Jami 

ars SobisaÁ da Jami sikudilisaÁ~ (ekl. 3,2), mirianis mefobis 

dros qarTlis cxovrebaSi dgeba RvTiuri Canafiqris 

aRsrulebis erTi konkretuli etapi, roca unda moxdes 

daZleva `Jamisa sikudilisa~, anu warmarTuli warsulisa, 

da dadges Jami qarTvelTa sulieri Sobisa. mirianis `wignis~ 

dasawyisis amgvari gaazreba sxva bibliur-qristologiuri 

Sinaarsis mxatvruli saxeebiTac sacnaurdeba. teqstis 

mixedviT, es iyo Jami, roca moixsena ufalman `queyanaÁ 

ese CrdiloÁsaÁ, dabnelebuli codviTa da savse cTomiTa 

eSmakisaÁTa~. Tu ratom aris qarTli `CrdiloÁs~ qveyana, 

rom es termini am SemTxvevaSi ara geografiuli, aramed 

simboluri mniSvnelobisaa, `ninos cxovrebis~ sxva epizodebidan 

sacnaurdeba. kerZod, sidonias monaTxrobis 

182

mixedviT, ìyo queyanaÁ ese CrdiloÁ mzisagan simarTlisa, 

Zisa RmrTisa moslvisaTÂs da cnobisa, viTarca saxeli erqua 

samarTlad CrdiloÁ, araÁ Tu amis mzisa naTlisagan 

daklebul iyo, anu aw ars daklebul misgan...~ (S. 128). xolo 

wminda nino swers mirians: `dReTa SenTa moxedna RmerTman 

queyanasa amas, napralsa erTsa CrdiloÁsasa, romlisa mTani 

daefarnes nislsa codvisasa da velni – almursa cTomisasa, 

vinaÁca dRe-Ramed, da naTel-bnelad. da sufevda mas 

Sina soflisa mpyrobel igi mTavari, romeli qroda haerisa 

suliTa da STaabnevda yovelTa sulTa pirisa misisaÁTa 

queyaniT da sircxvileuli miiltvis adgilsa bnelisaTa~ 

(W. 101). bibliuri gaazrebiT, naTeli gansazRvravs RvTis 

samyaros, rogorc samyaros sikeTisas da WeSmaritebisas, 

Crdili ki sataniseuli garemos maxasiaTebelia, rogorc 

borotebisa da uRvTobis sauflosi. amitom aris qarTli 

_ `CrdiloÁs qveyana~ _ `dabnelebuli codviTa da savse 

cTomiTa eSmakisaÁTa~. 

zemoaRniSnul mxatvrul-simbolur saxeTa gverdiT 

mirianis `wignis~ dasawyisSi Cndeba kidev erTi bibliuri 

saxe _ `cxovarni klvadni~. `cxovris~ simbolika, mWidrod 

dakavSirebuli `mwyemsis~ saxe-simbolosTan, Zveli 

aRTqmidan moyolebuli gasdevs mTel biblias da umTavresad 

RvTisa da adamianTa urTierTdamokidebulebis siRrmiseuli 

Sinaarsis warmosaCenad moixmoba. miuxedavad 

imisa, rom upirvelesi mwyemsi – winamZRoli da mama Tavisi 

samwysosi _ aris iahve, es saxe-simbolo, ZiriTadad mesias, 

qristes, daukavSirda, romelic, Tavis mxriv, umanko 

kravicaa, Sewiruli kacobriobis codvebisagan gamosaxsnelad, 

da keTili mwyemsic, romelmac `dadva suli TÂsi 

cxovarTaTÂs~ (ioan. 10,11). cxovari adamis pirvelcodvis 

mtvirTveli, zogjer gulubryvilo, zogjer gzaabneuli, 

xan ki warwymedili adamiania, romelic mokvdavia Tavisi 

xorcieli bunebiT, magram sulieri ganwmendis gziT, WeSmariti 

mwyemsis winamZRolobiT SeuZlia, maradiuli sicocxle 

moipovos. `cxovris~ amgvari gaazrebis gverdiT 

bibliaSi Semodis `klvadi cxovris~ (dasaklavis) saxe-simboloc, 

romlis yvelaze metyveli xati Tavad ieso qristea. 

faqtobrivad, `klvadi cxovari~ zvarakia, msxverplia, Ses- 

183

awiria. fsalmunTmetyveli RaRadebs RvTis mimarT: `rame- 

Tu SenTvis movswydebiT Cven maradRe, SeviraxceniT Cven 

viTarca cxovarni klvadni~ (fs. 43,22). daviT winaswarmetyvelis 

am sityvebs romaelTa mimarT epistoleSi moixmobs 

pavle mociqulic (ix. rom. 8,36). mirian mefis `wignSi~ `CrdiloÁs 

qveynis~ mkvidri qarTvelebi warmodgenilni arian, 

rogorc `cxovarni klvadni~, oRondac isini ar arian 

bibliuri arqetipis Sesatyvisi zvarakni, Tumca ki gvevlinebian 

msxverplad, Sesawirad `SeCuenebul kerpTaTÂs~. 

bibliuri saxe-simbolos amgvari transformireba kidev 

ufro met tragizms sZens mirianis `wignis~ Semdgom konteqsts 

– warmarTuli qarTlis mxatvrul xats, romelic 

damatebiT moxmobili saxeebiT Sinaarsdeba: `mamani Cuenni 

aqa moiwines vidre dReTa CemTamde. SeWamna Svilni maTni 

cecxlman msxuerplad kerpTaTÂs da ubraloÁ eri igi 

queyanisaÁ amis, romelni SvilTa maTTa, viTarca kravTa 

umankoTa Seswirvides da TavsaA aRebdes mamani Cuenni ZaliT, 

raÁTa saTno eyvnen kerpTa, ufroÁs xolo orTa maT 

SeCuenebulTa – armazs da zadens, romelTa qvanica daulpian 

sisxliTa CÂlTaÁTa, da Rirs arian mTani igi aspolvad 

cecxliTa uflisamieriTa~ (W. 158). 

kerpTayvanismcemloba kacobriobis miwieri cxovrebis 

marad Tanmxlebi codvaa, radgan is WeSmariti RvTis ver danaxvis, 

ver Secnobis, misgan gandgomis Sedegia. miuxedavad 

imisa, rom istoriis garkveul etapze is, rogorc religia, 

daiZlia, mainc xelaxla aRorZindeba sxvadasxva formiT. 

rogorc ki adamiani wyvets dambadebeli RvTis msaxurebas, 

xdeba mona sxva ufalTa: fulis, Rvinis, pativmoyvareobis 

da a. S. magram kerpTayvanismcemlobas, rogorc usulo, xeliTqmnil 

RmerTTa Tayvaniscemasac, hqonda Tavisi ganvi- 

Tarebis etapebi. iyo dro, roca kerpebs adamianebs swiravdnen 

da droc, roca maTTvis zvarakad pirutyvs klavdnen. 

rogorc Cans, es etapebi ganvlo qarTulma warmarTobamac, 

rac dasturdeba `qarTlis cxovrebis~ monacemebiT (ix. 

mag., Txroba rev marTalis Sesaxeb (qarTlis cxovreba 1955: 

58)). vfiqrobT, mirianis zeobis Jams qarTvelebi kerpTaTvis 

yrmaTa Sewirvis sastik tradicias aRar misdevdnen. 

amis safuZvels gvaZlevs `qarTlis moqcevaSi~ armazobis 

184

dResaswaulis aRwera, magram mefe Tavis `wignSi~ mainc 

kerpTayvanismcemlobis am saSinel rituals gamokveTs, 

riTac warmoaCens ara mxolod tragizms aRniSnuli religiisas, 

aramed mis ususurobasac. RmerTi, romelic iTxovs 

yrmaTa sikvdils, ar SeiZleba iyos RmerTi. WeSmariti 

RmerTi, iahve, romelic Tavad aris cxovreba, abraamisgan 

msxverplad isakis armiRebiT kategoriulad da samudamod 

ambobs uars misTvis adamianTa Sewirvaze. miuxedavad 

amisa, bibliuri xalxis istoria savsea kerpTaTvis zorvis 

sisxliani magaliTebiT (ix. fs. 105,7; 105,34-37; VI mef. 17,17; 

II sj. 12,31 da sxv.), rogorc Cans – qarTvelTa istoriac. 

Cveni azriT, mirianis `wignis~ zemoT moxmobil konteqstsac 

bibliur wyaroTa gavlena etyoba. sruliad aSkaraa 

msgavseba, frazeologiur donezec ki, daviTis fsalmun- 

Tan _ `Wabukni maTni SesWamna cecxlman~ (fs. 77,63) (Sdr.: 

`SeWamna Svilni maTni cecxlman~ (W. 158)). 

kerpTaTvis Sewirul yrmebs miriani ùmanko kravebs~ 

adarebs, rac, aseve, bibliuri saxe-simboloa. jer kidev 

Zvel aRTqmaSi mterTagan devnili ieremia winaswarmetyveli 

Tavs ùmanko kravs~ adarebs: `me viTarca kravman umankoman 

moyvanebulman daklvad, ara vcan...~ (ier. 11,19). es 

saxe Semdgom miesadaga ieso qristes. petre mociqulis I 

epistoleSi vkiTxulobT: ùwyodeT, rameTu ara ganxrwnadiTa 

vecxliTa gina oqroÁTa iÃseniT Tquen amaoÁsa misgan 

mamaTa mocemulisa slvisa, aramed patiosniTa sisxliTa, 

viTarca tarigisa ubiwoÁsa da umankoÁsa, qristesiTa~ (I 

pet. 1,18-19). (ix. agreTve, ebr. 9,12-14). qristianul mwerlobaSi 

es saxe-simbolo yvela ucodveli msxverplis arqetipad 

iqca. 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ sinur xelnawerebSi zemoT damowmebuli 

pasaJi odnav gaumarTavia. rogorc Cans, aq 

teqsti naklulia an nakluli dednidan momdinareobs da 

`kravni umankoni~ Sesabamis konteqstSi saerTod ar ikiTxeba. 

magram sainteresoa, rom am mxatvrul saxes Satberdul 

redaqciaSi sxva, aseve bibliuri warmoSobis, saxe 

enacvleba _ `romelni SvilTa maTTa viTarca Tivasa Tibdes, 

mamani Cuenni~ (S. 158). xorci da, saerTod, xorcieli 

yofa kacisa, rogorc Tiva, jer kidev Zvel aRTqmaSi war- 

185

moCndeba da amave simboluri mniSvnelobiT gadadis axal 

aRTqmaSic (ix. es. 40,68; es. 51,12; ier. 9,22; I pet. 1,24). 

amgvari, SeiZleba iTqvas, kanibaluri msxverplSewirvis 

mizezad miriani asaxelebs mamaTa anu winaparTa Zalisxmevas, 

Tavi moewonebinaT kerpebisTvis, gansakuTrebiT ki, 

orisTvis _ `SeCvenebuli~ armazisa da zadenisTvis. `Tavsa 

aRebdes mamani Cuenni ZliT, raÁTa saTno eyvnen kerpTa, 

ufroÁs xolo orTa maT SeCvenebulTa – armazs da zadens, 

romelTa qvanica daulpian sisxliTa CÂlTaÁTa~ (W. 158). 

`SeCueneba~, sulxan-sabas ganmartebiT, èse ars Sjulierad 

aRmofxvra, gina warwymeda, gina ganZeba~ (orbeliani 1991: 

297). bunebrivia, rom gaqristianebuli mefe Zvel kerpebs, 

romelTac adre Tavadve scemda Tayvans, `SeCuenebulad~ 

moixseniebs. misTvis isini sxva aRmsareblobis warsulSi 

darCnen, Sesabamisad, aRmofxvrilni da `ganZebulni~, anu 

sjulieri cxovrebidan gandevnili arian. mirian mefe miiCnevs, 

rom mTani, romlebzec es kerpebi idgnen, `Rirs arian... 

aspolvad cecxliTa uflisamierTa~ (W. 158). 

religiaTa umravlesobaSi mTebs gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba 

eniWebaT. isini aRiqmeba adgilad, sadac zeca miwas 

xvdeba, sadac cxovroben RmerTebi. iudaizmsa da qristianobasac 

aqvs mTis gansakuTrebulobis gancda. aq Tavisi 

mniSvnelobiT gamoirCeva kidec zogierTi mTa, magram 

raoden gansakuTrebul movlenebTanac ar unda iyvnen isini 

dakavSirebulni, maTi Tayvaniscema da gaRmerTeba dauSvebelia, 

vinaidan RmerTi ars mTaTa uwinares da samaradisod 

(ix. fs. 89,2). qarTuli warmarTobac, iseve rogorc 

sazogadod es religia, mTas im RvTisCenis adgilad aRiqvams, 

romelic masze mdgom kerpSia ganivTebuli. amitomac 

miriani Tavis `wignSi~ armazisa da zadenis kerpTa sauflo 

mTebs, rogorc codvis adgils, uflismieri cecxliT 

dawvis Rirsad miiCnevs. amgvari saazrovno konteqstic 

bibliidan unda momdinareobdes. moses galobis nawyveti II 

sj. wignSi ase ikiTxeba. `maT maSures me ara RmerTTa maTTa 

zeda da kerpebiTa maTiTa ganmamwares me, aw meca vaSuro 

maT naTesavsa mas zeda Seuracxsa da naTesaviTa miT ucebi, 

ganvkafne igini. rameTu cecxli aRatyda guliswyromisagan 

Cemisa, STaswuvides jojoxeTamde quesknelad. SeWamos 

186

queyanaÁ nayofiTurT TÂsiT da Suwunes safuZvelni mTa- 

Tani~ (II sj. 32,21-22). 

cecxli bibliaSi ormagi datvirTvis simboloa. erTi 

mxriv, is aris Teofaniis, RvTisCenis niSani, xolo meore 

mxriv – niSani RvTis risxvisa da am gziT – ganwmendisac. 

RvTis mier cecxlis aRgzneba, rogorc misi Seurigebloba 

codvasTan, rogorc SemcodeTa dasjis saSualeba, Zveli 

aRTqmidan momdinare tradiciaa (mag. ix. ier. 21,22; es 30,33). 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ zemoT miTiTebul epizodSic 

mTaTa Semwveli cecxli uflis risxvad unda gaSinaarsdes. 

amave dros, es cecxli ara mTaTa ganadgurebis, aramed maTi 

da warsulSi maTze kerpTa Tayvansacemad amsvleli eris 

ganwmendis niSanic unda iyos. amis kvalobaze warmarTuli 

qarTlis suraTs mirianis `wignSi~ mis mkvidrTa sulier 

feriscvalebaze miTiTeba cvlis. marTalia, es epizodi 

wm. ninos saxes warmoaCens, magram ara zogad konteqstSi, 

aramed imis gaazrebis fonze, Tu vin iyo nino qarTlisTvis 

naTlisRebamde da vin gaxda naTlisRebis Semdeg: `xolo 

odes moiwia Jami da movida netari ese dedakaci, mociquli 

da maxarebeli Zisa RmrTisaÁ, wmidaÁ nino, pirvel viTarca 

tyue, viTarca ucxoÁ da viTarca mwiri, viTarca Seuwevneli, 

viTarca usmi da utyvi, romelica aw meqmna Cuen 

tyue igi dedofal, ucxoÁ igi _ deda, Seuwevneli – Sesavedrebel 

yovelTa, da utyÂ igi _ qadag Zlier da mecnier 

dafarulTa CemTa gulis sityuaTa~ (S. 158). 

Satberdul redaqciaSi mirianis `wignis~ es epizodi 

kvlav Jamze miTiTebiT iwyeba. amjeradac `Jami~ qarTvelTa 

sulier gadarCenas ukavSirdeba, vinaidan `movida netari 

ese dedakaci, mociquli da maxarebeli Zisa RmrTisaÁ~. 

mociqulad da maxareblad ixsenieba nino elene dedoflis 

werilSic, sadac is dedofladac iwodeba: `misca wigni igi 

helene dedoflisa mowerili, romeli moewera ninoÁsa, 

dedoflobiT da mociqulad da maxareblad Seemko~ (S. 90). 

dedoflad aris moxseniebuli nino mirianis `wignSic~, 

oRondac aqmisimisimxatvrulimxatvruli mxatvruli xatvruliatvrulixati xati xati xati atigacilebiTgacilebiT gacilebiT gacilebiT biTiT meti meti meti meti meti meti saxe-simsaxe-simsaxe-simsaxe-simsaxe-simsaxe-simxe-sime-sim--simsim- 

boloTi aris mowodebuli. Tavdapirvelad nino qarTlSi 

modis, rogorc tyve, ucxo, mwiri, Seuwevneli, usmi da 

utyvi da xdeba dedofali, deda, Sesavedrebeli yovelTa, 

187

Zlieri qadagi da mecnieri mefis dafarul gulissityvaTa. 

imas, , romwm.wm. . ninos ninos saxe saxe saxe xee am am am am am konteqstSi konteqstSi konteqstSi konteqstSi konteqstSi simboloTa simboloTa simboloTa simboloTa simboloTa simboloTa simboloTaboloTaoloTaantino- antinoantino- antino- antinoantinoantinoantinoantinoantinomiuri 

wyvilebiT xasiaTdeba, araerTma mkvlevarma miaqcia 

yuradReba. uradReba.ba.a. . faqtia, faqtia, , TiToeuli TiToeuli TiToeuli es es eses wyvili wyvili wyvili wyviliwyviliyvilivili simboluri simboluri simboluri simboluri simbolurisimboluribolurioluri Si- 

SiSi- 

Si- SiSiSi- 

Si- Si- Si- Sinaarsis 

Semcvelia dada gansakuTrebuli gansakuTrebulibuliuli saTqmelis saTqmelissaTqmelis saTqmelis gamoxat- gamoxat- 

gamoxat- gamoxatgamoxatgamoxatxatatvasemsaxureba.xureba.ureba.ba.a. 

. amasTan, amasTan, amasTan, , wyvilis wyvilis wyvilis wyvilis yvilisvilispirvelipirveli pirveli pirveli pirveli pirveli wevri wevriwevri wevri wevri wevri aRqmis aRqmisaRqmis aRqmis aRqmis aRqmis aRqmis ganvganvganvganvganvganv- 

ganv- ganvganvlil 

etaps asaxavs, meore ki – amJamindelsa da samomavlos; 

anu mniSvneloba eniWeba ara imas, Tu vin iyo nino da vin 

aris igi TavisTavad, , aramed aramed imas, imas, , Tu Tu Tu vin vinvin vin vin iyo iyo iyoiyo iyo iyo yoo nino nino nino nino nino nino nino nino qarTvel- 

qarTvel- 

qarTvel- 

qarTvel- 

qarTvel- 

qarTvel- 

qarTvelqarTvel- 

qarTvel- 

qarTvelqarTvel-qarTvelqarTvel 

TaTvis warmarTul warsulSi da vin aris igi qristianul 

awmyoSi, Sesabamisad – iqneba momavalSic. 

aRniSnul simbolursimbolurbolurolursaxeTagan,saxeTagan, saxeTagan, xeTagan,eTagan, , upirvelesad, upirvelesad, upirvelesad, upirvelesad, mkvle- 

mkvle- mkvlemkvlemkvlemkvlevarTa 

yuradReba miiqcia antinomiurma wyvilma `tyve~ da 

`dedofali~. zogierT mecniers, miuxedavad imisa, rom arc 

`ninos cxovrebis~ teqsti da arc ucxouri wyaroebi amis 

Sesaxeb konkretul cnobas ar gvawvdian, ninos `tyveoba~ 

mainc istoriul realobad miaCnia (kekeliZe 1957: 286-287), 

zogi ar gamoricxavs ninos ama Tu im azriT `tyveobis~ 

faqts, magram arc am saxis simbolur SinaarsSi Seaqvs eWvi 

(siraZe 1997: 104-105; patariZe 1989: 158; patariZe 1993: 23), 

sxvebs ki miaCniaT, rom `tyve~ aRniSnul konteqstSi wminda 

qristologiur-simboluri bolurioluri datvirTvis datvirTvisdatvirTvis matarebelia matarebelia matarebelia (nar(nar(narsiZe 

1985: 158; kiknaZe 1982: 105; kiknaZe 1985b: 269). 

miuxedavad imisa, rom kategoriulad verc Cven gamovricxavT 

ninos `tyved~ moxseniebis raime konkretul safuZvels, 

TumcaRa es arc erT wyaroSi ar Cans, mainc migvaCnia, 

rom `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ teqstSi `tyve~ qristologiuri 

Sinaarsis simboluri saxea. sxva mxriv, yovlad gaugebari 

iqneba misi antinomiuri Sesatyvisi _ `dedofali~, romelicararisaris 

socialuri socialurisocialuritermini,termini, termini, , vinaidan vinaidan vinaidan vinaidan nino nino nino ninonino aq aq aq aq aqdedodedo- dedo- dedodedodedodedoflad 

iwodeba mxolod qarTlis winaSe misi damsaxurebis 

gamo. g. narsiZe am termins ganmartavs, rogorc `dominus~, 

`domina~ sityvis Targmans (narsiZe 1985: 158). is, samecniero 

literaturis mixedviT, ixmareboda adreqristianul 

xanebSi termin `wmindanis~ (`sanktus~) kanonizaciamde 

(patariZe 1989: 159). r. siraZe fiqrobs, rom `ninosTvis am 

atributs SeiZleba Tanxleboda Zveli Sinaarsic, cxadia, 

qristianuli gadaazrebiT:biT:iT: : `deda-ufali~ `deda-ufali~ `deda-ufali~ deda-ufali~ -ufali~ ufali~ ~ manamde manamde manamde manamde niSnav- niSnavniSnav- 

niSnav- niSnavniSnavniSnav- 

188

da qal-RmerTs.qal-RmerTs. -RmerTs. RmerTs. . es es es sityva sityva sityvayvava imTaviTve imTaviTve imTaviTve imTaviTve imTaviTve imTaviTve gamouyenebia gamouyenebia gamouyenebiagamouyenebia gamouyenebia gamouyenebia gamouyenebia yenebiaenebiabiaia qris- qrisqrisqris- 

qrisqris qris- qrisqrisqristianobas. 

`dedufalia~ mariam RvTismSobeli, igi sulieri 

`dedufalia~... dedufalia~... ~... wm. wm. . ninos ninos mimarT mimarT mimarT `dedofloba~ `dedofloba~ `dedofloba~ `dedofloba~ dedofloba~ ~ RvTismSob- 

RvTismSob- 

RvTismSob- 

RvTismSob- 

RvTismSob- 

RvTismSobblisadmi analogiiTac SeiZleboda Tqmuliyo~ (siraZe 1997: 

103-105). 

vfiqrobT, bT, T, , ninos, ninos, , rogorc rogorc rogorc `dedoflis~ `dedoflis~ `dedoflis~ `dedoflis~ dedoflis~ ~ mxatvrul-sim- 

mxatvrul-sim 

mxatvrul-sim- 

mxatvrul-sim- 

mxatvrul-sim- 

mxatvrul-simmxatvrul-sim- 

mxatvrul-sim- 

mxatvrul-simxatvrul-simatvrul-sim--simsimbolurolursaxeSixeSieSi 

mTavari mTavari mTavari da dada da ganmsazRvreli ganmsazRvreli ganmsazRvreli ganmsazRvreli ganmsazRvreliganmsazRvreli swored swored swored swored sworedsworedRvTismRvTismRvTismRvTism- RvTism- RvTism- RvTism- RvTism- 

RvTism- 

Soblis bibliuri gaazreba unda iyos. sainteresoa, rom 

RvTismSoblis blislissaxeli saxeli xelieli `mariamic~ `mariamic~ `mariamic~ mariamic~ ~ semantikurad semantikurad semantikurad semantikurad swored swored swored swored dede 

de- dede- 

de- dedoflis 

gagebas Seicavs: `...Мария, это имя, которое носила 

когда-то и сестра Моисея..., было широко распространено в эпоху 

Христа. На тогдашнем арамейском языке оно означало, вероятно, 

«княгиня», «госпожа» (leqsikoni 1998: 543). 

mariam RvTismSobeli belieliarar ar aris aris arisaris bibliuri bibliuri bibliuri bibliuribibliuriibliuribliuriliuri istoriis istoriis istoriis istoriis istoriis istoriis istoriis rigirigi- rigirigi- 

rigi- rigirigirigirigirigi-rigi- 

Ti monawile. is gankacebuli uflis fiziologiuri dedaa 

da, amdenad, qristes SobiT SesaZlebels xdis gamoxsnissakraluri 

Sinaarsis Sinaarsis ganxorcielebas.ganxorcielebas. ganxorcielebas. xorcielebas.orcielebas.bas.as. . am am am am am am TvalsazTvalsaz- 

Tvalsaz- 

Tvalsaz- 

Tvalsaz- 

TvalsazTvalsazTvalsazrisiT, 

wm. ninoc qarTlisTvis RvTismSoblis nacvalia. is, 

rogorc Tavis gulSigulSimatarebelimatarebelibelieli WeSmariti WeSmariti WeSmariti RvTis RvTis RvTis sityvi- sityvi- sityvi sityvi- sityvi- 

sityvi- 

sityvi 

sityvi- sityvi- 

sityvi- yvivisa, , aziarebs aziarebsbssmasTanmasTanwarmarT warmarT warmarT warmarT qarTvelobas qarTvelobas qarTvelobas qarTvelobas qarTvelobasbasas da da da da da da da amiT amiT amiT amiT amiT amiT amiTamiTSesaZlebSesaZlebSesaZleb- SesaZleb- 

SesaZlebSesaZleb- 

SesaZleb- 

SesaZlebSesaZleb- 

SesaZleb- 

Zleblebbels xdis maT sulier gamoxsnas. wm. ninos mxatvruli saxis 

mimarTebisaTvis mariam RvTismSobelTan sainteresoa erTi 

saxarebiseuli detalic. jvarcmulma ìeso viTarca ixila 

dedaÁ TÂsi damowafe igi, igi, , romeli romeli romeli uyuarda,uyuarda, uyuarda, uyuarda, uyuarda, yuarda,uarda, , winaSe winaSe winaSe winaSe winaSe winaSe mdgo- mdgomdgomdgomdgomdgomdgomdgomareni, 

hrqua dedasa TÂssa: dedakaco, aha Ze Seni!~ da merme 

mowafesa mas hrqua: àha, dedaÁ Seni!~ !~ damieriTgan wariyva- wariyvawariyvayvavana 

igi mowafeman man TÂsTa Tana~ (ioan. 19,26-27). am epizodis 

Sesaxeb saRvTismetyvelo literaturaSi SeniSnulia: `Иисус 

призывает Её к новому материнству, которое и станет отныне 

её назначением в народе Божием~ (leqsikoni1998: 547). 

rogorc Cans, , amis amis kvalobaze kvalobazekvalobazebazeazeundaunda unda unda gacnobierdes gacnobierdes gacnobierdesgacnobierdesbierdesierdes qarTvel- 

qarTvelqarTvel-qarTvel- 

qarTvel- 

qarTvelqarTvel- 

qarTvel- 

qarTvel- 

TaTvis `dedad~ qceva wm. ninosic, romelic, Tavis mxriv, 

maT xdis uflis erad. `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ Satberdul 

nusxaSi antinomiur wyvilTa Soris aris ùcxo _ deda~. 

arc WeliSur da arc sinur nusxebSi amgvari wyvili ar aris, 

TumcaRa samive redaqciaSi miriani uwodebs ninos `dedas~ 

Semdeg konteqstSi:konteqstSi: : `Sevhvedro `Sevhvedro Sevhvedro hvedrovedrosulisuli suli suli Cemi Cemi Cemi Cemi Cemi dedasa dedasa dedasa dedasa dedasa Cemsa Cemsa Cemsa Cemsa Cemsa Cemsa wmi- wmi- 

wmi- wmi- wmi- 

wmidasa 

ninos~ (W. 160, s. 56). WeliSur teqstSi ikiTxeba kidev 

189

erTi fraza, romelSic nino qarTvelTa dedad ixsenieba: 

òbol viqmeniT dedisa ganmanaTlebelisa Cuenisagan~ (W. 

161). ninos `dedobas~ r. siraZe ukavSirebs im faqtsac, rom 

`masSi~ gansakuTrebulad gaZlierebulia erTi momenti 

– ninoemsgavseba emsgavseba baa àdgilis àdgilis adgilis dedas~ dedas~dedas~ ~ (siraZe (siraZe (siraZe (siraZe siraZe Ze e 1997: 1997: 1997: 1997: 1997: 1997: 106), 106), 106), 106), 106), 106), Tum- 

Tum- Tum- Tum- Tum- 

Tum- Tum- 

Tum- 

caRa miiCnevs, rom `wm. nino iyo `deda~ qarTlis mkvidrTa... 

maTi sulieri deda... albaT, ZiriTadad esec RvTismSoblis 

analogiidan momdinareobs~ (siraZe 1997: 106). 

ninos qarTvelTa `dedad~ moxseniebasTan dakavSirebiT, 

aris, Cveni azriT, kidev erTi saintereso niuansic. wm. nino 

mociqulTa sworia. mas qarTlSi swored mociqulebrivi 

misia akisria. pavles epistoleebSi mociqulTa Rvawli da 

Sroma SvilTa mimarTmimarT dedobriv dedobrivbrivriv mzrunvelobasTan mzrunvelobasTan mzrunvelobasTan mzrunvelobasTan basTanasTan aris aris aris aris aris SeSeSe- 

Se- 

Se- Se- SeSedarebuli: 

`da esaRa Ãel-guewifebis, da Tumca raÁme-gimZ- -gimZgimZ-ZimeT, viTarca qristes mociqulTa, aramed viqmneniT Cuen 

mSÂd da myudro Tquen Soris, viTarca mzrdeli raÁ hfufufufu- 

nebs TÂsTa SvilTa~ (I Tes. 2,7). ufro metic, pavle, rogorc 

mociquli, sxvaTa moqcevas WeSmaritebis gzaze adarebs 

dedis mier SvilTa Sobas tanjviTa da tkiviliT, romelic 

mswrafl qreba Cvilis dabadebiT moniWebuli bednierebis 

wyalobiT: `Svilno Cemno, romelTaTÂs kualad melmis, 

vidremde gamoixatos qriste Tquen Soris~ Soris~ ~ (gal. (gal. gal. . 4,19). 4,19). am- am- am- am 

am- 

denad, pavle mociqulis mixedviT, mociqulebrivi misia 

dedobriv instinqtebs efuZneba. vfiqrobT, ninos saxe amis 

kvalobazec SeiZleba gacnobierdes, rogorc `deda~. 

rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, `mirianis wignis~ miTiTebul 

epizodSi `dedis~ dedis~ ~ antinomiurimewyvilemewyvileyvilevile ùcxoa~. ùcxoa~. ùcxoa~. ùcxoa~. ucxoa~.xoa~.oa~. ~. am am am am am antianti- antianti- anti- antianti 

anti- antiantinomiisgagebagagebabaa 

semantikur semantikursemantikur doneze donezedoneze doneze sruliad sruliad sruliad sruliadsruliad bunebrivad bunebrivad bunebrivad bunebrivad bunebrivadunebrivadbrivadrivadmomomomomo-momo- Cans. . ùcxos~ ucxos~xos~os~ ~ upirispirdeba upirispirdeba upirispirdeba baa adamianisTvis adamianisTvisadamianisTvis yvelaze yvelaze yvelazeyvelazevelazeaxlob- axlob- axlob- axlob- axlobaxlobxloblobb- 

lis _ `dedis~ _ cneba. Cveni azriT, ~ucxo~ simboluri 

mniSvnelobiTac ar aris gansakuTrebulad rTuli saxe. am 

SemTxvevaSi mTeli datvirTva swored antinomiurobaze 

modis da ara sakuTriv ùcxos~ gagebaze. samecniero literaturaSi 

aris mcdeloba, ninos ùcxooba~ mirianis `wignis~ 

teqstSi daukavSirdes netari avgustines moZRvrebas ori 

qalaqis Sesaxeb xebebb (patariZe patariZe Ze e 1989: 1989: 1989: 1989: 158). 158). 158). 158). vfiqrobT, vfiqrobT, vfiqrobT, vfiqrobT, , aseT aseT aseT aseT aseT aseT SemTx- SemTx- SemTx- SemTx- SemTx- SemTx- SemTx- SemTx- SemTx- SemTx- SemTx- SemTx- 

SemTx- SemTx- 

vevaSi gaugebari xdeba ùcxo-deda~ antinomiis Sinaarsi. 

mirianis `wignis~ mixedviT xom qarTlSi `viTarca ucxoÁ~ 

190

mosuli nino mis mosaxleobas eqmna `dedad~. Cveni azriT, 

ùcxo~ miTiTebul epizodSi unda niSnavdes sxva qveynidan 

mosuls an erovnebiTa Tu sarwmunoebiT ucxos. swored am 

mniSvnelobiT aris es termini ZiriTadad dadasturebuli 

qarTuli literaturis ZeglebSi (mag.: àbos wamebaSi~) da 

Tavad `ninos ninoscxovrebaSic~.cxovrebaSic~.xovrebaSic~.ovrebaSic~.baSic~.aSic~. ~. wm. wm. wm. wm. wm. wm. . nino nino nino nino nino nino hyveba, hyveba, hyveba, hyveba, hyveba, hyveba, hyveba,veba,ba,a, , rom rom rom rom rom rom rom man, man, man, man, man, man, man, , qarTl- qarTl- qarTlqarTl- 

qarTl- qarTlqarTl-qarTl- qarTl- qarTlqarTl- 

qarTl- qarTl- 

Si mosulma, ixila èri ucxoÁ ucxoTa RmerTTa msaxuri, 

cecxlsa da qvaTa da ZelTa Tayuanis-scemdes~ (S. 117). 

rogorc Cans, , ùcxos~ ùcxos~ ucxos~xos~os~ ~ amgvar amgvar amgvar gagebasTan gagebasTangagebasTan gagebasTan gagebasTan unda unda unda undaunda idges idges idges idges idges ax ax- axax- 

axax- axax- 

ax- axxlos 

`mwiric~, mwiric~, ~, romelic, romelic, , rogorc rogorc rogorc erTgvari erTgvari erTgvari erTgvarierTgvari sinonimi sinonimi sinonimi sinonimi sinonimi ùcxo- 

ùcxoùcxoùcxo- 

ùcxo- ùcxo- ùcxo- ùcxoucxosi~ antinomiur wyvilSi aRar Cans. sulxan-saba orbelianis 

ganmartebiTac, , `mwiri mwiri (7,6 saqme) ) ese ese ese arsars ars ars ucxo ucxo ucxoucxo ucxo xoo vinme vinme vinme vinmevinme vinme ucxoucxo- 

ucxo- ucxoucxoucxo 

ucxoucxo ucxo- xoo- Ta adgilTa iyofebodes da gamoizardebodes, gina sulsa 

zrdides da wmidaTa adgilsa moilocevdes (luka 24,18)~ 

(orbeliani 1991: 546). bunebrivia, warmarTul qarTlSi 

nino wm. . adgilebs adgilebs ver vermoilocavda, moilocavda, , amitom amitom amitom mirianis mirianis mirianismirianis `wign- `wign`wign- 

`wign- 

`wignwignis~ 

~ `mwiri~ mwiri~ ~ am am sityvis sityvissityvisyvisvis sabaseuli sabaseuli sabaseulisabaseuliganmartebisganmartebis ganmartebis ganmartebis pirveli pirveli pirveli pirvelimniS- mniS- mniSmniSmniS 

mniS- mniSmniS- 

vnelobiTundaundagavigoT.gavigoT. . ucxo ucxo ucxo xooda da da da mwiri, mwiri, mwiri,mwiri, , sxva sxva sxva sxva xvavaqveyanaSi qveyanaSi qveyanaSi qveyanaSi qveyanaSi qveyanaSi yanaSianaSimomomomomomo- momo 

momo- 

suli, miT umetes sxva aRmsareblobis xalxSi moxvedrili, 

garkveulwilad, martoa da amdenad – Seuwevnelic. amave 

dros, Seuwevneloba SeiZleba upatiobasac niSnavdes. 

`Sewevna – moÃmareba (+gina pativi) (orbeliani 1993: 297). 

vfiqrobT, antinomiur wyvilSi `Seuwevneli _ Sesavedrebel 

yovelTa~ es sityva am ukanasknel mniSvnelobasac unda 

moicavdes, vinaidan wm. nino, romelsac ar miages jerovani 

pativi Tavdapirvelad, Tavis qadagebaTa ZaliT Semdeg 

iqca Sesavedreblad qarTlis mosaxleobisaTvis, romelic 

man naTlisRebiT sulier naTels aziara. swored misi siZliere, 

, rogorcqadagisa,qadagisa, , gamokveTilia gamokveTilia Semdgom Semdgom antinoantino- antino- antinoantino 

antino- 

antinomiur 

wyvilSi: ùtyvi igi – qadag Zlier~. Tavdapirvelad 

nino cxaddebaxaddebaaddeba ùsmad ùsmad usmad da dada da utyvad~. utyvad~. utyvad~. utyvad~. yvad~.vad~. ~. erTi erTi erTi erTi mxriv, mxriv, mxriv, mxriv,mxriv,xriv,riv, , misi misi misi misi misi misi misi ùsmo- ùsmo- ùsmoùsmoùsmo- 

ùsmo- ùsmoùsmoùsmo- 

ùsmo- usmobadada 

utyvoba~ utyvoba~yvoba~voba~ ~ SeiZleba SeiZleba SeiZleba Zleba lebamisi misi misi ucxoobis ucxoobisucxoobisxoobisoobis Sedegad Sedegad Sedegad Sedegad gacnobi- gacnobi- gacnobi- gacnobi- gacnobi- gacnobi- gacnobi- 

gacnobi- gacnobi- gacnobi- gacnobigacnobierdes. 

rodesac CvenebiT mosuli kaci wm. ninos `dabeWdul 

wigns~ miscems mcxeTaSi warmarTi mefisTvis misarTmevad, 

is iwyebsiwyebsyebsebstirilsatirilsadada vedrebas vedrebasvedrebas RvTisadmi: RvTisadmi: RvTisadmi: RvTisadmi: RvTisadmi: : ùfalo, ùfalo, ùfalo, ùfalo, ùfalo, ùfalo, ufalo, , dedaka- 

dedaka- dedaka- 

dedaka- dedaka- dedaka- dedaka- dedaka- dedaka- 

ci var ucxoÁ da umecari, viTar mivide me, arca enaÁ vici, 

Tu raÁ vTqva ucxoTa naTesavTa Tana~ (W. 116). magram, meore 

mxriv, is faqti, rom ùtyvi da usmi~ nino, enis ucodinari 

191

da SeiZleba SeiZleba Zleba lebaaramWevrmetyvelic,aramWevrmetyvelic,yvelic,velic, , Zlieri Zlieri Zlieri Zlieri lieri qadagi qadagi qadagi qadagi qadagi xdeba, xdeba, xdeba, xdeba, xdeba,deba, , simsim- 

simsim- 

simsimsim- 

sim- simsimboluri gaazrebiT bibliur wyaroebs unda efuZnebodes 

(gavixsenoT, Tundac, `xmawulili~ da ènamZime~ mose (gam. 

4,11-12; II sj. 18,18); an ieremia winaswarmetyvelis istoria 

(ier. 1,9)). Tavad ufali metyvelebs mociqulTa piriTac. 

ieso qriste eubneba eubnebamowafeebs:mowafeebs: : `...ara `...ara `...ara ara Tquen Tquen Tquen Tquen xarT xarT xarT xarTxarTarTmetyuel- metyuel- 

metyuelmetyuelmetyuel 

metyuel- 

metyuel- 

metyuel- 

metyuelyueluelni, 

aramed suli wmidaÁ~ (mark. mark. . 13,10-11). 13,10-11). ninoc ninoc qarTvel- 

qarTvelqarTvel-qarTvel 

TaTvis mociqulTa sworia. misi piriT ufali metyvelebs. 

swored es garemoeba aqcevs ninos, ùtyvsa da usms~, Zlier 

qadagad. 

garda imisa, , rom rommiriani miriani Tavis Tavis Tavis `wignSi~ `wignSi~ `wignSi~ wignSi~ ~ wm. wm. wm. wm. wm. . ninos ninos ninos ninos ninos qrisqris- 

qrisqrisqris- 

qrisqris- qris- 

qrisqris- 

qris- qristianobis 

Zlier mqadageblad saxavs, Tavis pirad sulier 

moZRvradac warmogvidgens. `mecnier dafarulTa CemTa 

gulissityuaTa~ (S. 158), _ ase uwodebs qarTlis mefe 

ganmanaTlebels. . mxileba codvis warmomCenia, gacxadegacxadebuli codva ki jer mis gaazrebas, xolo Semdeg monaniebas 

iwvevs. da ai, WeSmariti RvTis ZaliTa da ninos sulieri 

TanadgomiT miriani mkafiod acnobierebs sakuTar ganvlil 

gzasac da naTelmosil awmyosac. amitomac wers: àman 

wmidaman aRanTo gulsa Cemsa sanTeli naTlisaÁ da Suva 

Ramesa oden meCuena me mzÀ brwyinvalÀ, qriste RmerTi Cueni, 

romlisa naTeli misi ara moakldes ukunisamde da meqmna 

Cuen moZRuar da SemrTna Cuen ersa qristessa naTlis-RebiTa 

wmidisa da patiosnisa Zelisa TavyaniscemiTa da momca 

Cuen Sjuli axali cxorebisaÁ da sixarulisaÁ da Rirs-myvna 

gemoÁs-xilvad saidumloTa uxrwnelTa zecisaTa~ (S. 158). 

mirianis `wignis~ es pasaJi uaRresad STambeWdavia esTetikuri 

TvalsazrisiT, magram esTetikuroba Sua saukuneebis 

qristianul xelovnebaSi ar aris TviTkmari Rirebuleba. 

esTetikuri aris is, rac eTikuria, eTikurs ki religiuri 

cnobiereba gansazRvravs. Sesabamisad, mxatvruli saxec 

Tavisi warmoSobiT umTavresad bibliuria, Tumca, araiSviaTad 

niWieri avtoris SemoqmedebiTi azrovnebis daRic 

atyvia. wm. ninomo àRanTo gulsa Cemsa sanTeli naTlisaÁ~, 

_ ambobs mirian mefe. gulSi anTebuli sanTeli, rogorc 

RvTis Tanadaswrebis an RmerTTan Tanaarsebobis, RvTis sityvis 

gulSi damkvidrebis niSani jer kidev Zveli aRTqmidan 

momdinareobs da saxeobriv mniSvnelobas inarCunebs 

192

mociqulTa epistolur memkvidreobaSic: `rameTu Rmer- 

Tman, romelman Tqua bnelisagan naTeli gamobrwyinvebad, 

romelman gamoabrwyinva gulTa Sina CuenTa gansanaTlebelad 

mecnierebisa didebisa RmrTisa winaSe pirsa iesu 

qristessa~ (II kor. 4,6) (ix. agreTve, II pet. 1,19). amgvari 

saxeobrivi datvirTviT funqcionirebs `gulSi anTebuli 

sanTeli~ mirianis `wignSic~, sadac paralelurad Semotanilia 

meore, sinonimuri mniSvnelobis, saxe-simbolo _ 

`SuaRamis mze~: `Suva Ramesa oden meCuena me mzÀ brwyinvalÀ, 

qriste RmerTi Cueni romlisa naTeli misi ara moakldes 

ukunisamde~ (S. 158) (WeliSuri varianti amatebs: `mze 

igi simarTlisaÁ, brwyinrvaled~). 

mirianis `wignis~ am epizods r. siraZe akavSirebs `ninos 

cxovrebis~ winare TxrobasTan, kerZod, mzis dabnelebis 

epizodTan TxoTis mTaze. (siraZe 1997: 95). TavisTavad, 

mirianis `wignSi~, faqtobrivad, teqstSive dakonkretebulia 

zemoaRniSnuli simbolos sakraluri Sinaarsi _ 

`mze brwyinvale~ anu `mze simarTlisa~ aris qriste Rmer- 

Ti. jer kidev Zvel aRTqmaSi moswavebulia iesos mosvla, 

rogorc naTlisa warmarTTa Soris: èrman mavalman bnelsa 

Sina ixile naTeli didi, damkvidrebulno sofelsa Sina da 

aCrdilTa sikvdilisaTa, naTeli gabrwyinda Tquen zeda~ 

(es. 9,20); (ix. agr., es. 58,10). ioanes saxarebaSi Tavad ieso 

ambobs: `me var naTeli soflisaÁ, romeli Semomidges me, 

ara vidodis bnelsa, aramed aqundes naTeli cxovrebisaÁ~ 

(ioan. 8, 12), xolo luka maxarebeli am naTels swored 

amomaval mzed saxavs: `mowyalebiTa wyalobisa RmrTisa 

CuenisaÁTa, romelTa mier momxedna Cuen aRmosavalman maRliT 

gamoCinebad maT zeda, romelni sxenan bnelsa Sina da 

aCrdilTa sikudilisaTa, da warmarTebad ferÃTa CuenTa 

gzasa mSÂidobisasa~ (luk. 1,78-79). ieso, rogorc mze, dRed 

aqcevs Rames, danaSaulis, SiSisa da codvis dros. `Rame igi 

gangueSora da dRe Semogueaxla, ganviSorneT ukue saqmeni 

bnelisani da SevimosoT saWurveli naTlisaÁ~, _ moZRvravs 

romaelebs pavle mociquli (rom. 13,12). mirianisTvisac 

ukan darCa `saqmeni bnelisani~, warmarTuli warsuli, da, 

`naTlis saWurvelSemosili~, wm. ninos moZRvrebis ZaliT 

qarTvelobasTan erTad Tavs `qristes erTan TanaSerTu- 

193

lad~ grZnobs. 

Zveli aRTqmis mixedviT, ufalma sxva erTa Soris israeli 

gamoarCia. is iyo `wminda uflisa... dasabami naSromTa 

misTa~ (ier. 2-3), misi `samwyso~ (fs. 94,7), `venaxi~ (es. 5,1), 

`Ze misi pirmSo~ (gam. 4,22). magram israeli mravalgzis ascda 

WeSmarit gzas da scoda, ris gamoc daisaja kidec. axali 

aRTqmiT, ufali miznad isaxavs Tavisi rCeuli eris sulier 

gardasaxvas. igi ganwmends mas codvilTagan da, amasTanave, 

Tavisi Canafiqris arealSi moaqcevs warmarT erebsac, romlebic 

mas uerTdebian rwmeniT. amgvarad Camoyalibebuli 

axali eri aris is eri, romlis codvebic Tavisi sisxliT 

gamoisyida iesom. amdenad, is aris ukve ieso qristes eri: 

`romelman-igi misca Tavi TÂsi CuenTÂs, raÁTa miÃsnes Cuen 

yovlisagan usjuloebisa da ganmwmindnes Tavisa TÂsisa 

erad mogebulad, mobaZavad keTilTa saqmeTa~ (tit. 2,14). 

es aris eri, romelic unda gamovides babilonidan _ borotebis 

qalaqidan (gamocx. 18,4) da Seikribos ierusalimSi – 

RvTis samkvidrebel qalaqSi (gamocx. 21,2-3). es zeciuri 

ierusalimia, axali ierusalimi, romlis moqalaqec xdeba 

eri qristesi. es aris àxali ca da axali qveyana~(gamocx. 

21,1), romelSic iwyeba àxali cxovreba~. amitomac mas 

Semdeg, rac mirianis `wignSi~ saubaria ninos saSualebiT 

qarTvelobis TanaSerTvaze qristes erTan, teqstSi Semodis 

axali mxatvrul-simboluri saxe, Sesatyvisi Cveni, 

rogorc qristes eris, esqatologiuri momavlisa. ninomo, 

ambobs mirian mefe, `momca Cuen Sjuli axali cxovrebisaÁ 

da sixarulisaÁ da Rirs myvna gemoisxilvad saidumloTa 

uxsrwnelTa zecisaTa~ (S. 158). àxali cxovrebis~ rjuli 

anu qristianoba aris, amave dros, sjuli sixarulisa. 

ieso qristes Tavisi dabadebiT, cxovrebiTa da jvarcmiT 

wuTisofelSi moaqvs sulieri sixaruli morwmuneTaTvis, 

romelic maT maradiul sixarulad gadaeqcevaT istoriis 

dasasruls, àxal cxovrebaSi~ _ `vixarebdeT da viSuebdiT 

da mivsceT mas didebaÁ, rameTu movida qorwili kravisaÁ da 

colman misman ganmzada Tavi TÂsi~ (gamocx. 19,7). eri qristesi, 

rogorc sasZlo, am qorwiliT samudamod ukavSirdeba 

kravs, sasiZos, mis siyvarulsa da cxovrebas. swored es aris 

zecis uxrwneli saidumlo, romlis `gemoisxilvis Rirsi~ 

194

gaxda qarTveloba ninos mier misi moqcevis Semdeg. 

mirianis `wignis~ zemoT ganxilul Rrmad emociur nawils 

mosdevs Txroba cxoveli svetis dafuZnebis, qvemo 

eklesiis agebis, sajvre xis moWris, misgan sami jvris 

Semzadebisa da maTi aRmarTvis, ninos `mayvalTa zeda~ 

zemo eklesiis aRSenebis, wm. ninos gardacvalebis, misi 

dakrZalvisa da bodSi, `friad didi~ eklesiis aRSeneba- 

Semkobis Sesaxeb. teqstis am monakveTs TiTqosda yvelaze 

metad aqvs ambis gadmocemis saxe, Tumca es Txrobac mxatvrul-saxeobrivi 

niuansebiT aris gamdidrebuli, rac sulierad 

aSinaarsebs mirianis qristianul Rvawls. am TvalsazrisiT 

sainteresoa zemo eklesiis aRSenebis mirianiseuli 

aRqma: `da aRvaSene, eklesiaÁ mayulovansa mas Sina 

ninoÁssa, da vqmen mas Sina saqmÀ, qmnuli uCinoÁ da cxadi, 

didebaÁ mayulovanTa maT~ (S. 159). am epizods yuradReba miaqcia 

e. WeliZem da winaaRmdeg g. CubinaSvilis geometriuli 

interpretaciisa, misi saxismetyvelebiTi gaazreba 

SemogvTavaza. mkvlevris dakvirvebiT, fraza `qmnuli uCinoÁ~ 

gulisxmobs `saqmed qceul~ ganivTebul uxilav Zalas 

anu eklesias, romelic ganasaxierebs, amave dros, nivTier 

samyarosac, xilul anu cxad sinamdviles, aris simbolo 

mTeli xiluli qveynisa...~ (WeliZe 1985: 106). 

saxismetyvelebiT aris gasaazrebeli mirianis Txroba 

`quemo eklesiis~ Sesaxebac: `da aRvaSene zemo eklesiaÁ Tavisa 

CemisaTÂs qviTa da erisa simravliTa, rameTu quemosa 

eklesiasa erqua `wmidaÁ wmidaTaÁ~ da yoladve ver vikadrebdi 

karTa misTa ganxumad TÂnier mRdelTasa, romelni 

galobed mas Sina, rameTu SiSi didi dacemul iyo yovelsa 

zeda kacsa suetisa misgan cxovelisa da axedvida yoveli 

kaci suetsa mas viTarca Zalsa RmrTisasa. da mixedvadca 

ver eZlo kacTa sarTulsa missa, romelsa TÂT vxedavT, da 

ver vikadre winaSe missa aRmokueTad miwaÁ samared Cemda, 

raÁTamca davsxen Ãorcni Cemni mis winaSe, rameTu meSinoda 

misgan codvisa oden moqmedsa. da Sevimzade zemoÁ saflavi 

Cemi, raÁTa Tualsa missa mivhrido da wyalobasa missa 

mivemTxÂo aRdgomasa~ (S. 160). imas, rom sveticxovlis 

taZars, anu `quemo eklesias~, mirianis TqmiT, erqva `wmidaÁ 

wmidaTaÁ~, mkvlevrebma didi xania miaqcies yuradReba. 

195

da es saxelwodeba Zvel ierusalimTan, moses karavTan da 

solomonis taZris `dabirTan~, rogorc RvTis gamocxadebis 

adgilTan, daakavSires (ix. mgalobliSvili 1991: 179; 

siraZe 1997: 90). amasTanave, `wmidaÁ wmidaTaÁ~ qristianul 

taZrebSi sakurTxevels ewodeba. magram is, rom mirianis 

`wignSi~ am saxeliT moixsenieba mTeli taZari, `gansakuTrebuli, 

Tumca... araunikaluri movlenaa qristianul 

samyaroSi~ (kiknaZe 1985: 61), ris damadasturebeli araer- 

Ti magaliTi arsebobs. rogorc Cans, aseTi saxelwodeba _ 

`wmidaÁ wmidaTaÁ~ _ taZars eniWeba misi gansakuTrebuli 

mdebareobis an masSi gansakuTrebuli siwmindeebis arsebobis 

gamo. z. kiknaZis TqmiT, `mcxeTaSi arsebuli eklesiis 

`wmidaTa wmidad~ gamocxadeba ganpirobebuli iyo masSi 

im svetis arsebobiT, romelic imTaviTve siwminded iqna 

Seracxili. `sueti igi cxoveli~ aris pirveli erovnuli 

qristianuli siwminde~ (kiknaZe 1985 : 60-61). 

amave dros, niSandoblivia, rom `cxoveli sveti~ TavisTavad 

efuZneba adgils, sadac daflulia uflis kvar- 

Ti. amdenad, es ori udidesi siwminde aq Tanaarsebobs, 

romelTagan erTi – kvarTi, `Ze kacisas~ jvarcmamdeli samosi 

– sakuTriv qristianobis simboloa, xolo `cxoveli 

sveti~, rogorc cecxlovani sveti, _ jer kidev Zveli 

aRTqmidan momdinare saxe uflisa. egviptidan gamoyvanil 

israels RmerTi RamiT uZRvis cecxlis svetis saxiT (gam. 

13,21). cecxlis svetis saxiT Camodis zecidan miwaze mcxe- 

Tis sveti-cxovelic (W. 141). is RvTis Zalad ganicdeba _ 

àxedvida yoveli kaci suetsa mas viTarca Zalsa RmrTisasa~ 

(S. 160). amitom rogorc moses, romelmac `gare-miiqcia 

piri misi~ cecxlmodebuli da Seuwveli mayvlisagan, `rameTu 

eSinoda mixedvad winaSe RmrTisa~ (gam. 3,6), imJamindel 

qarTlSic `mixedvadca ver eZlo kacsa sarTulsa missa~ 

(S. 160). 

iq, sadac mirian mefe saubrobs `quemo eklesiaze~, gvamcnobs, 

agreTve, rom veravin ikadrebda am taZarSi Sesvlas 

kvira dRis garda, `rameTu SiSi didi dacemul iyo yovelsa 

zeda kacsa suetisa misgan cxovelisa~ (S. 160). samecniero 

literaturaSi garkveulia, rom mrevlis Sekreba sveticxovlis 

taZarSi mxolod kviraobiT ara imis Sedegia, rom 

196

axali religiis SiSi abrkolebda mosaxleobis eklesiaSi 

Sesvlas, rogorc varaudobda zogi xelovnebaTmcodne (g. 

CubinaSvili, v. beriZe), aramed gamoZaxili ierusalimuri 

liturgikuli praqtikisa (kiknaZe 1985a: 63-64; mgalobliSvili 

1991: 176-179). xolo rac Seexeba SiSs, is saerTod religiuri 

cnobierebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli specifikuri 

gancdaa. `RvTismoSiSeba~ morwmunis bunebrivi sulieri 

mdgomareobaa. rogorc Cans, es gancda gansakuTrebiT 

gamZafrebuli hqonia mefe mirians. RvTisadmi uaRresi 

krZalulebis gamo, ambobs mefe, `ver vikadre winaSe missa 

aRmokueTad miwaÁ samared Cemda, raÁTamca davsxen Ãorcni 

Cemni mis winaSe, rameTu meSinoda misgan codvisa oden moqmedsa 

da Sevimzade zemoÁ saflavi Cemi, raÁTa Tualsa missa 

mivhrido da wyalobasa missa mivemTxÂo aRdgomasa~ (S. 166). 

uflis kvarTs dafuZnebuli cxoveli svetis winaSe am 

udidesi siwmindeebis maxloblad mirians Tavisi codvili 

xorcis, sxeulis daflva, rogorc Cans, kadnierebad da 

ampartavnobad miuCnevia. mas umjobesad Seuracxavs am da 

sxva vnebaTa daTrgunvis gziT RmerTTan sulieri siaxlovis 

mopoveba. `wyalobasa missa mivemTxvio aRdgomasa~ _ es 

aris mefis sasoeba. 

ieso qriste Tavad aris aRdgoma da cxovreba: `me var 

aRdgomaÁ da cxovrebaÁ. romelsa hrwmenes Cemi, mo-RaTukudes, 

cxondesve~, _ eubneba ieso lazares das, marTas 

(ioan. 11,25). pavle mociquli ki moZRvravs romaelebs: 

ùkueTu suli igi aRmadginebelisa iesoÁsi mkudreTiT 

mkÂdr ars Tquen Soris, romelman-igi aRadgina qriste mkudreTiT, 

ganacxovelnes mokudavnica ege Ãorcni Tquenni 

damkvidrebulisa mis mier Tquen Soris sulisa misisa~ 

(rom. 8,11). `mokudavTa xorcTa gancxoveleba~, anu uflis 

wyaloba, romelsac miriani moelis, uxrwneli, sulieri aRdgomaa, 

ganaxlebaa ukanaskneli droisa da axali cxovrebis 

mijnaze. pavle mociquli wers: ègreca aRdgomasa mkudar- 

Tasa, daeTesvis xrwnilebiT da aRdgebis uxrwnelebiT... 

daeTesvis Ãorci mSÂnvieri da aRdgebis Ãorci sulieri... 

ÃorcTa da sisxlTa sasufeveli RmrTisaÁ damkÂdrebad 

ver Zal-uc, arca xrwnilebaman uxrwnelebaÁ daimkÂdros. 

aha esera saidumlosa giTxrob Tquen: yovelTave ukue ara 

197

SevisuenoT, xolo yovelnive ganvaxldeT meysa Sina wamsa 

Tualisa ukuanaÁsknelTa miT sayÂriTa, rameTu sayÂrsa 

daeces, da mkudarni igi aRdgen uxrwnelni, da Cuen ganvaxldeT 

rameTu jer-ars xrwnilisa amis Semosad uxrwnelebaÁ, 

da mokudavisa amis Semosad ukudavebaÁ~ (I kor. 15, 42- 

53). swored amgvari ukvdavebiT Semosvis wyalobas moelis 

mirian mefe RvTisgan, TumcaRa mis sasoebas msWvalavs sakuTari 

codvianobis mZafri SegrZneba. qarTlis pirveli 

qristiani mefe Tavs `codvisa oden moqmeds~ uwodebs da 

amiT sinanulis madlian gzas adgeba. am TvalsazrisiT is 

erTgvar Suaxidadac moCans fsalmunTmetyvelsa da `galobani 

sinanulisanis~ avtors Soris. aqve SesaZleblad 

migvaCnia SevniSnoT, rom mirian mefis sulieri naTesaoba, 

erTi mxriv, bibliur winaparTan, xolo meore mxriv, qarTvel 

STamomavalTan mxolod codvisa da sinanulis Rrma 

religiuri gancdiT ar SeigrZnoba. Cveni azriT, mirianis 

`wigni-anderZic~ `poeziis~ nimuSia, oRond ara formisa da 

Janris, aramed Zalumad gamovlenili Sinagani lirizmis 

kvalobaze. 

mas Semdeg, rac `wmidaÁ wmidaTaÁsa~ da cxoveli svetis 

winaSe Tavisi krZalulebis Sesaxeb gviambo, mefe miriani 

gvamcnobs: `da viTarca Sevimzade keTilTa RmrTisaTa gansrulebasa 

Cem zeda da vityode, viTarmed: Sevhvedro suli 

Cemi dedasa Cemsa wmidasa ninos. xolo wmidaman Sehvedra 

suli TÂsi ubiwoÁ ÃelTa dambadebelisa TÂsisaTa, rameTu 

aRasrula yovelive mcnebaÁ RmrTisaÁ da swavlaÁ wmidisa 

mis dedis Zmisa misisa, mamisa Cuenisa patriarqisaÁ da daguaoblna 

Cuen axlad Sobilni CCÂlni umecarni da friad 

SevZrwundi suliTa CemiTa da yoveli naTesavi CrdiloisaÁ 

aRivso mwuxarebiTa, rameTu aRmo-oden _ srul iyo mzÀ 

simarTlisaÁ da mo-oden-fenil iyo WeSmariti da dafara 

Rrubelman wmidaÁ nino, xolo wmidaÁ igi yoladve naTelsa 

Sina ars da yovelTa ganguanaTlebs~ (S. 160-161). 

am epizodSi, upirveles yovlisa, yuradRebas iqcevs 

mirianis molodini `keTilTa RmrTisaTa gansrulebisa~. 

es fraza, Cveni azriT, ufro gamarTulia `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ 

sinur redaqciaSi _ `da viTarca movelode gansrulebasa 

keTilTa RmrTisaTa Cemda momarT~ _ (s. 55-56) 

198

da yvelaze adekvaturad asaxavs saTqmels. vfiqrobT, aq 

saubaria ara ukve `gansrulebul sikeTeze~, rogorc Weli- 

Sur redaqciaSi ikiTxeba, aramed sikeTis gamarjvebis, axali 

qveynis moqalaqeobis esqatologiur molodinze. miT umetes, 

rom am winadadebas uSualod uswrebs win imedi RvTis 

wyalobisa aRdgomas, xolo WeliSuri teqstiT _ àRdgomasa 

mas yovelTasa~ (W. 160). wuTisofelSi adamiani mudmivad 

dgas borotis pirispir, romelic sabolood daiZleva 

mxolod zeciuri ierusalimis zRurblTan. magram aqamdec 

morwmunis, `zecisasa mzraxvelis~, cxovreba `dafarul 

ars qristeTurT RmrTisa Tana~ (kol. 3,2-3), xolo `raJams 

qriste gamocxadnes cxorebaÁ igi Cueni, maSin Tquenca mis 

Tana gamoscxadneT didebiT~ (kol. 3,4). swored am gamocxadebisTvis 

emzadeboda, rogorc Cans, mirian mefe xorcieli 

sikvdilis Semdeg, manamde ki fiqrobda, suls `dedas~ _ wm. 

ninos Seavedrebda, Tumca, es SeuZlebeli aRmoCnda, radgan 

mirianis gardacvalebamde TviT ninom `Sehvedra suli 

TÂsi ubiwoÁ ÃelTa dambadebelisa TÂsisaTa~ (S. 160). 

ratom SeiZleba iyos qarTvelTa ganmanaTlebeli `deda~, 

amis Sesaxeb zemoT ukve visaubreT, aRniSnul konteqstSi 

ki ninos `dedobis~ kvalobaze Cndeba axali mxatvruli saxe 

òblisa~, romelic, erTi mxriv, gamarTlebulia cxovrebiseuli 

logikiT (dedis damkargavi oboli xdeba), xolo 

meore mxriv, nasazrdoebia bibliuri saxismetyvelebiT. 

saidumlo serobis Jams ieso eubneba mowafeebs: àra dagitevne 

Tquen oblad, movide Tqvenda~ (ioan. 14,18). 

oblobis gancda mirianis `wignis~ zemoT damowmebul 

konteqstSi gamZafrebulia axalSobil CvilTa mxatvruli 

saxis moxmobiT, romelic, Tavis mxriv, aseve bibliuri warmomavlobisaa. 

es saxe-simbolo `wminda werilSi~ ZiriTadad 

Tavs iCens mociqulTa swavlebebSi, sadac is metaforulad 

sulieri umwifrobis mdgomareobas gamoxatavs. pavle mociquli 

swers efeselebs: `da man moscna, romelnime mociqulni, 

romelnime winaÁswarmetyuelni, romelnime maxarebelni, 

romelnime mwyemsni da moZRuarni. dasamtkicebelad 

wmidaTa, saqmed msaxurebisa, aRsaSenebelad guamisa qristesisa, 

vidremde miviwineT yovelni erTobasa sarwmunoebisasa 

da mecnierebasa Zisa RmrTisasa mamakacad srulad, sa- 

199

zomad hasakisa savsebisa mis qristesisa, raÁTa arRara viyvneT 

yrma CCÂl, Relva-atexil da mimotacebul yovelsa mas 

qarsa moZRurebisasa siveragiTa kacTaÁTa da zakulebiTa 

manqanebisa mis mimarT sacTurebisa~ (efes. 4,11-14). axladnaTelRebulebs 

yrmebs uwodebs petre mociqulic, romelsac 

maTi ganmtkiceba da aRorZineba mxolod `sityÂerisa 

mis uzakuvelisa sZisa~ miRebiT miaCnia SesaZleblad (I pet. 

2,2); Tumca, TavisTavad, rZis mimRebeli jer kidev Cvilia, 

umecari WeSmaritebisa da Sors myofi sisrulisagan. `rame- 

Tu yoveli, romeli miiRebn sZesa, umecar ars sityuasa mas 

simarTlisasa, rameTu CCÂl ars. xolo srulTaÁ ars mtkice 

igi sazrdeli, romelTa wesiTa mis sacnobelni da gonebani 

wurTilni hqoned ganrCevad keTilisa da borotisa~ (ebr. 

5,13-14). bibliur wyaroTa kvalobaze qarTveli eric ninos 

gardacvalebis droisTvis mefe mirians warmodgenili 

hyavs, rogorc umecari, axalSobili Cvili, vinaidan is-is 

iyo `CrdiloÁs qveyanaSi~ amosuliyo mze da mofeniliyo 

naTeli. amitom mefis Rrma sulieri gancdac da `CdiloÁs~ 

mkvidrTa mwuxarebac ori mizeziT aris Sepirobebuli: er- 

Tia `deda-ninos~ gardacvaleba, xolo meore – safrTxe 

`Cvilobis~ gamo. arada, es safrTxe rom didia, Zisadmi mirianis 

anderZSic dasturdeba. 

qarTlis cxovrebisaTvis am mniSvnelovan Jams, mirianis 

wignis mixedviT, `dafara Rrubelman wmidaÁ nino~ (S. 161). 

es SesaniSnavi mxatvrul-esTetikuri saxe, gamomxatveli 

ninos miwieri cxovrebis dasasrulisa, erTi mxriv, gvaxsenebs 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ sxva epizods, kerZod, wm. ninos 

monaTxrobs rifsimesa da gaianes gardacvalebis Sesaxeb 

(S. 115). Tumca, meore mxriv, bibliuri saxismetyvelebis 

kvalobaze warmoaCens avtoriseul saTqmels. 

Rrubels bibliaSi simboluri datvirTva aqvs. is, 

rogorc RvTis Tanadaswrebis da, amave dros, misi garegnuli 

saburvelis niSani jer kidev gamosvlaTa wignSi Cndeba. 

egviptidan ltolvil ebraelebs `RmerTi uZRoda... 

dRisi ukue suetiTa RrublisaÁTa~ (gam. 13,21). ufali eubneba 

moses: àha, me moval Senda suetiTa RrublisaTa, raTa 

esmas ersa~ (gam. 19,9) da Semdgom swored Rrublidan elaparakeba 

mas (gam. 24,15-16). Rrubeli, rogorc RvTisCenis 

200

niSani, amave dros, uflis didebis maniSnebelicaa: `dafara 

Rrubelman karavi igi sawamebelisa da aRavso didebiTa 

uflisaÁTa karavi igi~ (gam. 40,31), magram vinaidan veravis 

ZaluZs uflis pirispir dgoma, verc mosem SeZlo karavSi 

Sesvla (gam. 40,32). analogiuri suraTi meordeba solomonis 

taZris satfurebisasac (III mef. 8,10-11). 

Rrubeli Tavis simbolur Sinaarss inarCunebs axal 

aRTqmaSic. iesos feriscvalebisas iq myof mowafeebs 

`Rrubeli agrilobda... da SeeSina maT Seslvad Rrubelsa 

mas. da ÃmaÁ iyo RrubliT gamo: ese ars Ze Cemi sayuareli, 

amisi ismineT~ (luka 9,34-35). amasTanave, axali 

aRTqmis mixedviT, aRdgomidan me-40 dRes mowafeebTan 

saubris Semdeg ieso qriste àmaRlda, xedvides raÁ igini 

da Rrubelman Seiwynara igi TualTagan maTTa~ (saqme 1,9). 

es saxe iqca morwmuneTa esqatologiuri molodinis arqetipad. 

pavle mociquli swers Tesalonikelebs: `da maSinRa 

Cuen, cxovelni ese, romelni daSTomil viyvneT, maT 

Tanave aRvitacneT RrubliTa SemTxuevad uflisa haerTa 

zeda da esreT maradis uflisa Tana viyofvodeT~ (I Tes. 

4,17). vfiqrobT, mirianis `wignis~ `dafara Rrubelman wmidaÁ 

nino~ bibliur wyaroTa simbolikis kvalobaze unda 

gaSinaarsdes. Tumca, am SemTxvevaSi yuradRebas iqcevs 

WeliSuri da sinuri redaqciebis damatebiTi miniSneba _ 

`Rrubelman zamTrisaman~. Cveni azriT, es damateba arRvevs 

ninos amaRlebis simboluri suraTis qristologiur 

logikas da, rogorc Cans, Semdgomi xanis redaqtor-gadamwerebs 

unda CaerToT teqstSi. magram, sainteresoa, ra 

mizans unda emsaxurebodes amgvari damateba? SesaZloa, 

is mxolod wminda mxatvruli funqciiT iyos moxmobili, 

an iqneb mianiSnebs wm. ninos aRsasrulis sezonur periods 

(rogorc miniSnebulia weliwadis dro rifsimesa da gaianes 

gardacvalebisas _ `vardi da nuSi yuavoda mas Jamsa~ 

_ S. 115). Tumca, unda iTqvas, rom aseT SemTxvevaSi fermkrTaldeba 

simboluri mniSvneloba `RrubliT dafarvis~ 

mxatvrul-esTetikuri saxisa, romelsac mosdevs swored 

am saxis Sesatyvisi Sinaarsis Semcveli fraza: `xolo wmidaÁ 

igi yoladve naTelsa Sina ars da yovelTa ganguanaTlebs~ 

(S. 161). erTi mxriv, obieqturi sinamdvilis doneze, naTeli 

201

antinomiaa Rrublisa, rogorc gaumWvirvale da, Sesabamisad, 

bneli raobisa, magram bibliuri saxismetyvelebiT 

xom Rrubeli erTgvari safarvelia, romlis miRmac mokvdavTaTvis 

ganucdeli RvTiuri naTeli sufevs. swored am 

naTelSi yofnis pativi aqvs ninos, rogorc wmindans da misi 

madli gananaTlebs yovelTa qarTlis mkvidrTa. amitomac 

wers wm. ninos saflavze eklesiis amgebi mefe miriani: 

`misiTa meoxebiTa maqus sasoebaÁ Zisa RmrTisagan da sarwmunovebasa 

zeda dausabamoÁsa RmrTisa mamisasa da yolad 

Zlierisa Zisasa da cxovelismyofelisa sulisa wmidisa 

ukudavisasa. da veZieb da moveli aRdgomasa mkudreTiT da 

Sevhvedreb sulsa Cemsa qristes meufisaTa, romlisaÁ ars 

didebaÁ, simtkice da ZlierebaÁ aw da maradis da ukuniTi 

ukunisamde, amen~ (S. 162). mirianis `wignis~ am epizodis Sesaxeb 

r. siraZe wers: `sul bolos... mrwamsis magvari locviTi 

sityvebia~ (siraZe 1997: 206). marTlac `wignis~ es nawili 

mrwamss mogvagonebs, magram aRsaniSnavia, rom WeliSursa 

da sinur xelnawerebSi aRniSnuli epizodi gansxvavebulad 

warmogvidgeba: `misiTa oxiTa maqus sasoebaÁ qristes 

Zisa RmrTisagan da sarwmunoebasa zeda Zliersa mamisa da 

Zisa da cxovelismyofelisa sulisasa daviZineb da moveli 

aRdgomasa ukunaÁsknel da Segvedreb sulsa Cemsa yovel- 

Ta mgalobelTa uflisa mier, amin~ (W. 162). ZiriTadad amgvarad 

ikiTxeba Sesabamisi teqsti sinur redaqciebSic. 

vfiqrobT, rom am SemTxvevaSi swored WeliSuri da sinuri 

nusxebis ikiTxvisia teqstisaTvis ufro bunebrivi da organuli. 

rogorc damaSvrali adamiani Semdegi da ukeTesi 

dRis molodiniT iZinebs RamiT, raTa kvlav aRdges meore 

dilas, marTlmorwmune qristianisTvisac sikvdili droebiTi 

Zilia, uflis dRes aRdgomis sasoebiT. am imediT 

Seisuenebs anu `daiZinebs~ qarTlis pirveli qristiani 

mefec. 

aRniSnul epizods `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ Cvenamde moRweul 

teqstebSi uSualod mosdevs da Txrobis stiliTa 

Tu Sinaarsobrivi logikiT bunebrivad erwymis mirian mefis 

ànderZi~, romelic iwyeba meuRlisadmi mirianis mimarTviT, 

Tumca aqamde aris erTi Zalian saintereso da 

mxatvruli TvalsazrisiT uaRresad STambeWdavi fraza: 

202

àha esera me warval, vinaÁca moved~ (S. 162). vfiqrobT, 

cxadia, rom aRniSnul frazaSi ikiTxeba miwisgan Seqmnili 

adamianis isev miwad miqcevis bibliuri konteqsti, 

esoden maRalesTetikurad gamoxatuli qarTlis mefis 

mier. miwad miqcevis win miriani nana dedofalsa da mTavarepiskoposs 

ubarebs, izrunon wm. ninos samarxi adgilis 

ùkunisamde Seuryevlobasa~ da misTvis jerovani pativis 

migebaze, xolo sakuTar Zes swavlis: àha esera Seicvala 

bneli Cueni naTlad da sikudili Cueni cxorebad. aw sadaca 

hpove que-yanasa Sina Sensa vnebasa igi qarTlisani mac- 

Turni kerpni, cecxliTa dawuen da nacari maTi Seasu maT, 

vinc maT eglovdis, da ese amcen SvilTa SenTa, rameTu me 

vici igi, msrwafl kavkasiaTa Sina ver dailevian. xolo Sen 

esre hyofd: Tavi Seni Sehvedre suetsa mas zegardamodidebulsa 

da patiosansa juarsa, caTa Sina Cinebulsa da iyavn 

Seni mislvaÁ miwad Zilad saukunod sarwmunovebasa zeda 

wmidisa samebisasa. amen~ (S. 162-163). am swavla-darigebaSi, 

iseve rogorc saerTod mirianis `wign-anderZSi~, avtoriseuli 

saTqmeli bibliuri saxismetyvelebis saSualebiT 

sacnaurdeba. upirveles yovlisa, mefe cxadad warmouCens 

ufliswuls warsulis daZlevis gziT mopovebuli awmyos 

sikeTes da momavalSi am sikeTis SenarCunebisaTvis sulieri 

mRviZarebisaken mouwodebs. 

`bneli da naTeli~, raze saubriTac iwyebs miriani memkvidris 

darigebas, is umTavresi msoflmxedvelobrivi antinomiaa, 

romelic dasabamidan dasasrulamde gasdevs 

mTel bibliur istorias. RvTaebrivi Semoqmedebis pirveli 

etapi swored bnelisgan naTlis gamoyofa iyo (dab. 1,2-4). 

gamoxsnis sakraluri istoriis dasasruls TviT ufali 

Cndeba, rogorc erTaderTi naTeli axali Semoqmedebisa – 

axali qveynisa, sadac ukve aRar aris bneli (gamocx. 21,23). am 

pirvel da ukanasknel `casa da queyanas~ Soris istoria ki 

bnelisa dada naTlis naTlismudmivimudmivi konfliqtis konfliqtiskonfliqtis fonze fonzefonzewarimarTewarimarTewarimarTewarimarTewarimarTeba. adamianis bedsac bnelsa da naTels Soris gakeTebuli 

arCevani ganapirobebs. . qristes, qristes, , RvTis RvTis RvTis sityvis, sityvis, sityvis,sityvis, , rwmena rwmena rwmena rwmenasu- su- susu- susu 

susu- 

lieri xidia, sibnelidan maradiul naTelTan mimyvanebeli. 

swored qristes rwmenam da naTelTan ziarebam Seucvala 

qarTlis mosaxleobasac bneli naTlad. amitomac eubneba 

203

miriani Tavis Zes: : àha, aha, , esera esera Seicvala Seicvala bnelibneli Cueni Cueni Cueni Cueni naT- naT- 

naT- naT- naT- 

naTlad 

da sikudili Cueni cxovrebad~ (S. 162). am konteqstSi 

`bneli da naTeli~ da `sikvdili da cxovreba~ sinonimuri 

mniSvnelobis antinomiuriwyvilebia. . dapirispireba dapirispireba simsimsim 

sim- simbolurbnelsa 

da da naTels naTels Soris, Soris, , faqtobrivad, faqtobrivad, faqtobrivad, , aseve aseve aseve aseve aseve simsimsimsim- 

simsim- sim- 

boluri sikvdilisa da sicocxlis dapirispirebaa. isini, 

romelTac swamT, , `sikvdiliTa `sikvdiliTa sikvdiliTa sikvdilisa sikvdilisasikvdilisadamTrgunvedamTrgunve- damTrgunve- 

damTrgunvedamTrgunvelis~ 

~ wyalobiT,fiziologiuri fiziologiuri sikvdilissikvdilis sikvdilis gavliT, gavliT,gavliT,maramaramara- mara- maradiul 

sicocxles moipoveben. lazares mkvdreTiT aRdgena 

aris simboluri niSani imisa, rom ieso mbrZaneblobs TviT 

sikvdilzec ki da xelewifeba cxovrebis moniWeba. amgvari 

bibliur-saxeobrivi gaazrebiT icvleba mirianis Zisadmi 

mimarTvaSic qarTveli eris sikvdili cxovrebad. magram 

qristes gza _ gza maradiuli cxovrebisaken – rTulia da 

viwro _ `viTar igi iwro ars bWe da saWirvel gzaÁ, romeli 

miiyvanebs cxovrebasa~ (maT. 7,14). am gzaze didi sifrTxile 

da Zalisxmeva marTebs axladmoqceuli eris xelisufals 

sakuTari da Tavisi xalxis rwmenis Seuryevelobis mizniT. 

amitomac afrTxilebs miriani Zes: àw sadaca hpovne queyanasa 

Sina Sensa vnebasa igi qarTlisani macTurni kerpni, 

, cecxliTadawuendawuendada da nacarinacari nacari nacari maTi maTimaTi maTi Seasu Seasu Seasu Seasu Seasu maT, maT, maT, maT, maT, , vin vin vin vin vin vin vin maT maT maT maT maT maT maTegeg- egeg- eg- 

egeg- 

eg- egegeglovdis~ 

(S. 162). 

kerpTa daqucmacebisa Tu dawvisken mowodeba araerTxel 

gvxvdeba bibliaSi. (mag. es. 30,22; II sj. 7,25). magram 

met siaxloves amJRavnebs mirianis ànderZis~ aRniSnuli 

pasaJi gamosvlaTawigniswignis wignis imim im im epizodTan, epizodTan, epizodTan, epizodTan, , sadac sadac sadac sadac sadac sinis sinis sinis sinis sinis mTi- mTi- mTimTimTimTimTidan 

dabrunebuli, sjulis ficrebiT xeldamSvenebuli 

mose ebraelTa mier gamodnobil kerps – xbos – ixilavs. 

mose aRSfoTda rwmenamoklebuli, rwmenamoklebuli, , WeSmariti WeSmariti RvTis RvTis dam- dam- dam 

dam- 

damviwyebeli 

xalxis saqcieliT, rjulis ficrebic gauvarda 

xelidan `da ÃboÁ igi, , romel romel qmnes,qmnes, qmnes, , dawva dawva dawva igi igi igi igicecxliTa,cecxliTa, cecxliTa, cecxliTa, cecxliTa, , da- 

da- dada- 

da- dadadamusrnawvliladdada 

STaabnia STaabnia STaabnia igiigi igi wyalsa wyalsa wyalsa wyalsa wyalsa da da da dada asva asva asva asva asva igi igi igiigi igi igi ZeTa ZeTa ZeTa ZeTa ZeTa ZeTa is- 

is- isis- 

is- isis- 

is- isis 

is- israÀlisaTa~ 

(gam. 32,20). vfiqrobT, `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ 

zemoaRniSnuli epizodis uSualo pirvelwyaro swored 

es bibliuri pasaJi unda iyos. sainteresoa, rom mirianis 

ànderZis~ es, Cveni azriT, uZvelesi plasti arc WeliSur 

da arc sinur redaqciebs ar SemounaxavT. sinurSi teqstis 

bolo nawilinawili sakmaod sakmaod gaumarTavia, gaumarTavia,gaumarTavia, , rac, rac, rac, rac, , rogorc rogorc rogorc rogorc Cans, Cans, Cans, Cans, dada 

da- dada-dada- 

204

zianebuli dedniT sargeblobis Sedegia. WeliSuri ki am 

nawilSi asevedazianebuli dazianebuli dednidan dednidan dednidan undaunda unda momdinareobmomdinareobmomdinareobmomdinareobmomdinareobdes, 

, vinaidanmirianismier mier kerpTa kerpTa dawvis dawvis dawvis moTxovnis moTxovnis moTxovnis moTxovnis epiepiepi- 

epi- epizodi 

aq Secvlilia ufro vrceli, savaraudod, SedarebiT 

gviandeli CanarTiT, Tumca es CanarTic, mirianis `wignanderZis~ 

~ saerTomxatvrul-msoflmxedvelobrivimxatvrul-msoflmxedvelobrivi -msoflmxedvelobrivi msoflmxedvelobrivibune- bune- bune- bune- bunebunebis 

Sesabamisad, bibliuri saxismetyvelebiT Sinaarsdeba, 

magram amjerad masze aRar SevCerdebiT. 

ànderZis~ dasasruls miriani ase mimarTavs Tavis Zes: 

`xolo Sen frTxil iyav, Svilo sayuarelo, rev, viTarca 

uwyuebul varT wmidisa da netarisa dedisa Cuenisa ninoÁsgan, 

mcnebani misni daimarxen da Tavi Seni Sehvedre suetsa 

mas zegardamodidebulsa da juarsa patiosansa da iyavn 

gansvlaÁ Seni amier sofliT sarwmunoebasa zeda wmidisa 

samebisasa, mSÂdobaÁ Senda!~ (W. 163). 

Tavisi formiTac da SinaarsiTac es mimarTva mogvagonebs 

pavle mociqulis timoTes mimarT II epistoles frazas: 

`xolo Sen frTxilad iyav yovelsa Sina, ZÂrsa ixilevd, saqme 

qmen maxareblisaÁ, msaxurebaÁ Seni keTilad aRasrule~ (II 

tim. 4,5). oRondac mirianis ànderZSi~ qristianobis sakuTriv 

qarTul realiebzea gamaxvilebuli yuradReba 

– netari deda-ninos qadagebebze, `zegardamodidebul~ 

svetsa da `caTa Sina Cinebul~ patiosan jvarze, romelic 

iqca saxed qarTlis mTebze aRmarTuli jvrebisa. aRsaniSnavia, 

agreTve, rom miriani `miwad miqcevis~ win arigebs ase 

Tavis vaJs. miwieri cxovrebis aRsasrulisa da `miqcevis~ 

momlodinea pavle mociqulic timoTes mimarT epistoles 

dawerisas. `rameTu me aw esera Seviwirvi, da Jami igi miqcevisa 

CemisaÁ moiwia~ (II tim. 4,6). amave epistoleSi pavle 

mociquli wers: `Ruawli keTili momiRvawebies, srbaÁ aRmisrulebies, 

sarwmunoebaÁ damimarxavs. amieriTgan mimelis 

me simarTlisa igi gÂrgÂni, romeli momces me ufalman 

mas dResa Sina, marTalman man msajulman, ara xolo Tu me, 

aramed yovelTa, romelTa Seiyuares gamoCinebaÁ misi~ (II 

tim. 4,7-8). marTalia, amaze Tavis `wign-anderZSi~ ase dabejiTebiT 

ar saubrobs miriani, magram is, rasac igi esoden 

Tavmdablad gviambobs, swored `keTili Rvawlis moRvawebaa~, 

`srbis aRsrulebaa~, WeSmariti sarwmunoebis `damarx- 

205

vis~ cxadyofaa. yovelive amis Sedegad, pavle mociquliviT, 

qarTlis pirveli qristiani mefec ukanasknel dRes 

uflisgan marTalTa Tana Seracxvas elis. 

ase sruldeba mirian mefis ànderZi~, romelic mis `wign- 

Tan~ erTad `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ Sinaarsobrivad Tu 

mxatvrulad erT-erT saintereso da sayuradRebo nawils 

warmoadgens. 

winamdebare naSromSi Cven SevecadeT, arsebul gamokvlevaTa 

gaTvaliswinebiT, gagveazrebina mirianis `wignanderZis~ 

adgili da funqcia `ninos cxovrebis~ uZveles 

redaqciaTa SemadgenlobaSi, gamogveTqva Cveni Tvalsazrisi 

am teqstis daTariRebis, avtorobis da Sinaarsobrivkompoziciuri 

mTlianobis Sesaxeb; magram umTavres miznad 

davisaxeT met-naklebad CavwvdomodiT mis mxatvrulesTetikur 

bunebas. 

rogorc qristianuli mwerlobis Zegli, mirianis `wigni-anderZi~ 

pirvelive frazidan dasasrulamde bibliurqristologiur 

saxismetyvelebas efuZneba. miuxedavad 

Tavisi mcire moculobisa, is damoukidebeli, TviTmyofadi 

teqstia, literaturuli faqtia, romelic Tavisi 

maRalmxatvruli doniT winareqristianul samwerlobo 

tradiciebze mianiSnebs. amasTanave, cxadyofs, rom 

naTlisRebidan ori-sami aTeuli wlis manZilze qarTvelobam 

ara Tu Targmna bibliuri wignebi, aramed inteleqtualurad 

aiTvisa qristianuli sibrZne da rwmeniT gaiTavisa. 

SesaZloa gamoricxuli arc iyos, rom interesi bibliuri 

da, gansakuTrebiT, axali aRTqmis wignebis mimarT jer 

kidev warmarTobis epoqis qarTlSi gaCeniliyo. Tu gaviTvaliswinebT 

im faqts, rom ax. w-iT pirvel saukuneSi CvenSi 

andria pirvelwodebulma iqadaga qristianoba, amasTan 

erTad, saeWvod ar miviCnevT ioane sabanisZis mier mowodebul 

cnobas, rom qarTvelebi VIII s-is 80-iani wlebisaTvis 

`xuTasis wlisa JamTa da uwinarÀs-Ra Sjuldebul yofil 

arian wmidiTa madliTa naTlisRebisaÁTa~, arc Tu usafuZvlo 

iqneba varaudi imis Sesaxeb, rom oficialur religiad 

gamocxadebamdec qristianuli moZRvreba da ideologia 

TandaTanobiT ikidebda fexs qarTlSi, albaT, ara mxolod 

zepiri, aramed mwignobruli gziTac. 

206

yovelive zemoTqmulis kvalobaze, ucnaurad da moulodnelad 

ar gveCveneba IV saukunis 50-iani wlebisTvis 

iseTi daxvewili, Sinaarsobrivad Camoyalibebuli, stilurad 

gamarTuli teqstis Seqmna, rogoric mirian mefis 

`wigni-anderZia~. Cveni azriT, amas xels ar uSlis is, rom 

jerjerobiT ar mogvepoveba V saukunis uwinaresi werilobiTi 

Zeglebi qarTul enaze (Cveni erovnuli damwerlobis 

warmoSobis sakiTxi xom, miuxedavad xangrZlivi kvleva- 

Ziebisa, dRemde sabolood garkveuli ar aris). 

`wm.ninos cxovrebis~ uZvelesi redaqciebis SemadgenlobaSi 

qarTlis pirveli naTelRebuli mefis saxeliT 

moRweuli upretenzio, qristianuli TavmdablobiT aRbeWdili, 

magram udavod maRalmxatvruli teqsti bibliuri 

msoflmxedvelobis rwmeniT gaTavisebis da, amave dros, 

saxeobrivad da SemoqmedebiTad aTvisebis brwyinvale nimuSia. 

is TiTqos mirian mefis sulis mTeli istoriaa, lakoniur 

formaSi moqceuli da bibliur-qristianuli saxeebiT 

ametyvelebuli. mirianis `wign-anderZis~ am TvalsazrisiT 

Seswavla ara mxolod literaturul-kulturologiuri 

rigis amocanaa, aramed, vfiqrobT, didad waadgeba teqstis 

met-naklebad pirvandeli saxis aRdgenasac. 

damowmebani: 

aleqsiZe 2007: `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~-s axladaRmoCenili sinuri 

redaqciebi. gamosca da winasityvaoba daurTo zaza aleqsiZem. Tb.: 

saqarTvelos sapatriarqo, 2007. 

axali aRTqumaÁ 1963: axali aRTqumaÁ uflisa Cuenisa ieso qristesi. 

Tb.L sakaTalikoso sabWos gamocema, 1963. 

daviTni 1881: daviTni. tf.: 1881. 

kekeliZe 1957: kekeliZe k. qarTvelTa moqcevis mTavari istoriulqronologiuri 

sakiTxebi. etiudebi Zveli qarTuli literaturis istoriidan. 

IV, Tb.: 1957. 

kiknaZe 1982: kiknaZe z. qarTlis moqcevis folkloruli variantebi. 

saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis macne, enisa da literaturis seria, 

#№ 1, Tb.: 1982. 

kiknaZe 1985a: kiknaZe z., mirzaSvili T. ras mogviTxrobs mirianis 

`wigni~. kritika, #№ 6, Tb.: 1985. 

kiknaZe 1985b: kiknaZe z. qarTul miTologiur gadmocemaTa sistema. 

Tb.: Tsu gamomcemloba, 1985. 

leqsikoni 1998: Словарь Библейского Богословия. под редакцией Кеавье Леон- 

Дюфура... Киев-Москва: «Кайрос», 1998. 

207

mgalobliSvili 1991: klarjuli mravalTavi. teqsti gamosacemad 

moamzada da gamokvleva daurTo Tamila mgalobliSvilma. Tb.: 1991. 

metreveli 1976: metreveli e. axali naSromi qarTuli `mravalTavis~ 

Sesaxeb. `macne~ (els), # 4, 1976. 

moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ 1964: moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ. Zveli qarTuli 

agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi. dasabeWdad moamzades il. 

abulaZem, e. gabiZaSvilma, n. goguaZem, m. dolaqiZem, g. kiknaZem da c. 

qurcikiZem ilia abulaZis xelmZRvanelobiTa da redaqciiT. I, Tb.: 1964. 

mcxeTuri xelnaweri 1981...: mcxeTuri xelnaweri. teqsti gamosa-cemad 

moamzada da gamokvleva daurTo el. doCanaSvilma. Tb.: `mecniereba~, 

1981, 1984, 1985. 

narsiZe 1985: narsiZe g. uZvelesi qarTuli Txzuleba. mnaTobi, №# 9, 

Tb.: 1985. 

orbeliani 1991: orbeliani s.-s. leqsikoni qarTuli. I. avtobiografiuli 

nusxebis mixedviT moamzada, gamokvleva da ganmartebaTa 

leqsikis saZiebeli daurTo ilia abulaZem. Tb.: `merani~, 1991. 

orbeliani 1993: orbeliani s.-s. leqsikoni qarTuli. II. avtobiografiuli 

nusxebis mixedviT moamzada, gamokvleva da ganmartebaTa leqsikis 

saZiebeli daurTo ilia abulaZem. Tb.: `merani~, 1993. 

patariZe 1989: patariZe l. wigni mirianisa (ideur-mxatvruli analizi). 

mnaTobi, #№ 4, Tb.: 1989. 

patariZe 1993: patariZe l. tyve qali nino. religia, # 11, Tb.: 1993. 

siraZe 1997: siraZe r. `wmida ninos cxovreba~ da dasawyisi qarTuli 

agiografiisa. Tb.: 1997. 

qarTlis cxovreba 1955: qarTlis cxovreba. teqsti dadgenili yvela 

ZiriTadi xelnaweris mixedviT s. yauxCiSvilis mier. I, YTb.: saxelgami, 

1955. 

208 

CxartiSvili 1987: CxartiSvili m. . qarTuli qarTuli hagiografiis hagiografiishagiografiiswyaroT- wyaroT- wyaroTwyaroT- 

mcodneobiTi Seswavlis problemebi. `cxorebaÁ wmidisa ninoÁsi~. Tb.: 


WeliZe 1985: WeliZe e. ùCinoÁ da cxadi~. kritika, №# 6, Tb.: 1985. 

javaxiSvili 1977: javaxiSvili i. Txzulebani Tormet tomad. VIII, Tb.: 

Tsu gamomcemloba, 1977.

Irina Natsvlishvili 

King Mirian’s Letter-Testament 

Summary 

King Mirian’s Letter-Testament is the final section of The Life of Saint 

Nino from Moktsevai Kartlisai, which unites compositionally this hagiographic 

text of the cyclic structure, also being extremely impressive from 

the artistic viewpoint. 

In fact, Mirian’s Letter-Testament contains only several additional reports 

or nuances, and is mostly certain laconic narration of the significant 

events related in the work earlier; by its spiritual contents it is the baptized 

king’s confession, the hopeful feeling of eschatological expectation 

of a man, by inner experience and personal change partaking of “a new 

life”, his spiritual work, lit up by the hope of seeing the uncreated light. 

espectiely, with its artistic-aesthetic character Mirian’s Letter-Testament 

is based on Biblical-Christological ideas and image system. 

Notwithstanding the small size, Mirian’s Letter-Testament is an independent, 

original text, a literary fact pointing by its high artistic level to 

pre-Christian traditions. 

In my view, the study of King Mirian’s Letter-Testament from the 

artistic-metaphorical iewpoint is not only a literary-culturological task, 

but will be useful for reconstruction of the more or less initial version of 

the text as well. 

209


210 

idea da rwmena 

wm. nino, jvari vazisa da saqarTvelos 

RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomilobis 

sakiTxisaTvis 

saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomilobis idea 

qarTuli mesianizmis erT-erTi ucilobeli komponentia. 

Sesabamisad, es idea Cndeba maSin, rodesac yalibdeba 

qarTuli mesianisturi msoflmxedveloba. qarTuli mesianizmi 

ki sazRvargareTis qarTul samonastro centreb- 

Si, IX saukunis II naxevarSi aRmocenda. 

miuxedavad imisa, rom VIII-X saukunis qarTuli originaluri 

hagiografiis nimuSebi _ `habo Tbilelis martviloba~, 

`wm. ninos cxovreba~, `grigol xanZTelis cxovreba~ 

da sxvebi mZlavri erovnul-sarwmunoebrivi suliskveTebiTaa 

gaJRenTili, miuxedavad imisa, rom es Zeglebi Cveni 

erisa da qveynis RirsebaTa warmomaCinebel araerT faqtsa 

Tu detalze miuTiTeben da saboloo jamSi mesianizmis 

TiTqmis yvela ZiriTad niSans aerTianeben, arc erTi maTgani 

ar aris mesianisturi xasiaTis nawarmoebi. rogorc 

Cans, aseTi ideis sabolood CamoyalibebisaTvis garkveuli 

garemoa saWiro. amitom ucnauri araferia imaSi, rom 

qarTuli mesianisturi msoflmxedveloba pirvelad sazRvargareT, 

bizantiaSi, Seqmnil originalur TxzulebebSi 

gacxadda. esenia: `wm. ilarion qarTvelis cxovreba~ da `qebaÁ 

da didebaÁ qarTulisa enisaÁ~. 

iq, bizantiaSi, ufro TvalSisacemi iyo berZnebis qedmaRloba 

da agdebuli damokidebuleba `barbarosebisadmi~; 

iq ufro xelSesaxebi iyo maTi Seuwynarebloba erTmorwmune 

erebTan damokidebulebaSi, miswrafeba _ SeeviwroebinaT 

qarTvelebi iqaur monastrebSi, gamoecxadebinaT 

isini mwvaleblebad, aekrZalaT maTTvis wirva-locva 

mSobliur enaze, saerTod ganedevnaT qarTuli savanee-

idan; iq saqarTvelos erovnuli interesebi _ qarTuli 

saxelmwifosa da eklesiis damoukideblobisa da TviTmyofadobisaTvis 

brZola, pirdapir ejaxeboda bizantiis imperiul 

da agresiul sarwmunoebriv politikas. dabolos, 

iqedan, ucxo qveynidan, cota sxvagvarad da sxva ferebSi 

moCanda Soreuli samSoblo. 

erTi sityviT, mesianisturi idea qarTvelebSi Cndeba 

erTmorwmune erebTan (upirveles yovlisa, berZnebTan da 

garkveulwilad somxebTan) dapirispirebis procesSi. es 

idea eris meobis gamoxatvis, misi TviTrwmenis ganmtkicebis, 

sakuTari Rirsebis Segnebisa da TviTdamkvidrebisaTvis 

brZolis mZlavri ideologiuri iaraRia. igi upirispirdeba 

yovelgvar uimedobas, sasowarkveTilebas, usasoobasa 

da erovnul nihilizms. samagierod, xels uwyobs eris erT 

mTel sxeulad SekavSirebas, nergavs optimizmsa da momavlis 

rwmenas. 

bizantielebi qristianul imperias RvTis sasufevlis 

amqveyniur gansaxierebad aRiqvamdnen. isini Tavs 

iwonebdnen sakuTari wmindanebiT, qristianuli siwmindeebiTa 

da relikviebiT. konstantinopolelTa gansakuTrebuli 

siamayis sagans warmoadgenda cxovelmyofeli 

`Zeli~, romelzedac qriste iqna jvarze gakruli, agreTve 

RvTismSoblis samoseli, romelic vlaqernis taZarSi iyo 

davanebuli. 

konstantinopolis vlaqernis RvTismSoblis monasteri 

aaSenes 450-453 wlebSi imperator pulxeriosis dros. gadmocemiT, 

leon pirvelis imperatorobis periodSi (457- 

474 w.w.) am monasterSi moaTavses RvTismSoblis samoseli, 

romelic palestinidan Camoitanes patriciebma _ galbam 

da kandidma. 626 wels didi gansacdelis winaSe aRmoCnda 

imperiis dedaqalaqi. mis xelSi Cagdebas erTdroulad lamobdnen 

balkaneTis avarebi da sparselebi. 29 ivlisidan 

8 agvistomde avarebi gars Semoadgnen konstantinopols. 

am drois ganmavlobaSi brZolaTa epicentrSi aRmoCnda 

vlaqerna. imperatorma konstantinem da patriarqma sergim 

daxmareba SesTxoves RvTismSobels da locva-vedrebiT 

Semouares qalaqis kedlebs. avarTa Sturmi mogeriebul 

iqna. konstantinopoli gadaurCa aoxrebas, rac berZnebma 

211

RvTismSoblis Semweobas miaweres. aman erTiorad gazarda 

vlaqernis monastrisa da masSi davanebuli RvTismSoblis 

samoslis mniSvneloba. aqedan moyolebuli RvTismSoblis 

kulti mtkiced ikidebs fexs konstantinopolSi. yovelTvis, 

roca ki imperiis dedaqalaqs safrTxe daemuqreboda, 

bizantielebi umal vlaqernis RvTismSoblis monasters 

mimarTavdnen dasaxmareblad. magaliTad, 860 wels, rodesac 

konstantinopols Tavs daesxa `rusTa~ (azotavridis 

tomi) floti, patriarqma fotim zRvaSi CauSva RvTism- 

Soblis samoseli, raTa exsna qalaqi aoxrebisagan. erTi 

sityviT, TandaTanobiT berZnebSi mtkiced gaidga fesvi 

rwmenam, rom maT dedaqalaqs da qveyanas yovladwminda 

mariamis kalTa aqvs gadafarebuli (popovi 2005: 124-126; 

Sdr.: kekeliZe 1957: 115-116). 

xsenebuli viTarebis erTgvar gamoZaxilad gveCveneba 

konstantinopolSi moRvawe IX saukunis qarTveli mwerlis 

basili monazonis (protoasikritis) “wm. ilarion qarTvelis 

cxovrebaSi” gacxadebuli azri qarTlis RvTism- 

Soblisadmi wilxvdomilobis Sesaxeb. hagiografi farul 

polemikas awarmoebs bizantielebTan: rogor SeiZleba 

RvTismSobeli mfarveli iyos im qveynis, sadac ucxoTSeuwynarebloba 

sufevs, sadac Soreuli qveynidan mosuli 

qarTveli berebis gaZevebas cdiloben (magaliTad, ulumbos 

monastridan), maSin roca wminda da maradqalwuli 

mariami aris “SemwÀ da Ãelis-ampyrobeli yovelTa u c - 

x o q m n u l T a da saxelisaTÂs Zisa misisa daglaxakebulTaÁ” 

(abulaZe 1967: 20). sazogadod ki, saqarTvelos 

RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomilobis idea basili monazonis 

mwyobri mesianisturi msoflmxedvelobis erT-erTi 

umTavresi argumentia (ufro dawvrilebiT ix.: maxaraSvili 

2007: 373-381). 

rogoria RvTismSoblis saxe `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ Cvenamde 

moRweul yvelaze adreul redaqciaSi? ra adgili 

ukavia mas wm. ninos samisionero moRvaweobaSi? es sakiTxi 

miT ufro sainteresoa, Tuki gaviTvaliswinebT, rom `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁs” Satberdul-WeliSuri versia damuSavebulia 

arauadres IX saukunisa, e. i. im periodSi, rodesac 

dawerilia `wm. ilarion qarTvelis cxovreba~. 

212

RvTismSoblisa da wm. ninos urTierTmimarTebis sakiTxs 

pirvelad r. siraZe Seexo. misi azriT, `moqcevaÁs~ teqstSi 

RvTismSoblis saxe simbolurad aris gaazrebuli. mkvlevris 

ZiriTadi debulebebi ase SeiZleba CamovayaliboT: 

1. wm. nino iyo `deda~ qarTlis mkvidrTa, maTi sulieri 

deda, rac ZiriTadad RvTismSoblis analogiidan momdinareobs. 

2. `saxe _ nino mayvlis buCqSi _ migvaniSnebs, rom 

RvTismSobelia misi Semfarveli, misi sulieri sadguri~. 

3. mayvlovans magiuri Zala aqvs, radgan swored aq idgmeba 

jvari nasxlevisa, magram es “nasxlevi” anu igive `morCi~ 

(Sto, ylorti) vazisaa (siraZe 1997: 106-110; 121-122). es 

mosazreba gaziarebul iqna qarTul mecnierebaSi (elaSvili 

2000: 45-47; bezaraSvili, kuli 2000: 56-70; sulava 2002: 

54). metic: q. bezaraSvilma saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi 

wilxvdomilobis ideis safuZvlebi swored “moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁs” teqstSi, kerZod, mayvlovanis simbolur interpretaciaSi 

dainaxa (bezaraSvili 2002: 125-145). 

raRa Tqma unda, wm. ninos mayvlovanis simbolika iZleva 

saSualebas, rom qarTvelTa ganmanaTlebeli RvTismSobelTan 

davakavSiroT da masSi bibliuri mayvlis buCqis 

analogiiT maradqalwuli mariamis saxe SevicnoT, magram, 

vfiqrobT, am paradigmas gadaWarbebul mniSvnelobas 

mainc ver mivaniWebT; yovel SemTxvevaSi, is saqarTvelos 

RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvedrilobis sakiTxis gasarkvevad 

namdvilad ar gamodgeba. saqme isaa, rom `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ 

Satberdul-WeliSur redaqciaSi aSkarad gamoxatuli 

RvTismSoblis kulti ar Cans. es arc iyo mosalodneli, 

Tuki vTvliT, rom `moqcevaÁ~ IX saukuneSi SeTxzuli Zegli 

ki ar aris, aramed ZiriTadad Seicavs adreul teqstobriv 

plastebs _ IV-V saukunis sakiTxavebs wm. ninosa da qarTlis 

gaqristianebis Sesaxeb. 

marTlac, RvTismSobeli `moqcevaÁs~ teqstSi saxeldebiT 

damowmebulia orjer da isic mis pirvel nawil- 

Si: 1. ieso qriste `ÃorciTa iSva Teslisagan daviTisa 

da q a l w u l i s [ a ] g a n m a r i a m i s [ a ] , 

w m i d i s a d a u b i w o [Á ] s a , romeli saTno 

eyo mas~ (abulaZe 1963 : 88 W). 2. wobenSi, mTielTa gaqristianebis 

win, wm. ninom dasaxmareblad RvTismSobels mimar- 

213

Ta: `maSin aRdga wmidaÁ da sanatreli da ganmanaTleb[e]li 

netari nino, dedaÁ Cueni, aRipyrna Ãelni RmrTisa mier da 

mouwoda Semwed w m i d a s a R m r T i s m S o b e l - 

s a ~ (abulaZe 1963: 88 W). sakuTriv `wm. ninos cxovrebaSi~ 

RvTismSobeli dedad ixsenieba: 1. sidonias monaTxrobis 

mixedviT, wm. nino eubneba mirians: “mefe, Sen ukunisamde 

cxovndi saxeliTa qriste-siTa da vedrebiTa w m i d i - 

s a d e d i s a m i s i s aÁ T a da mis Tana yovelTa 

wmidaTaÁTa~ (abulaZe 1963: 132 S.). 2. sikvdilis win nino ambobs: 

èsera mosrula suli Cemi Ãorcad Cemda, dameZinebian 

ZiliTa miT dedisa Cemi-saÁTa saukunod~ (abulaZe 1963 : 105 

S.). g. kuWuxiZis marTebuli dakvirvebiT, RvTismSoblis dedad 

moxsenieba Zveli tradiciis gamoZaxilia da mianiSnebs, 

rom misi kulti jer kidev ar aris mtkiced fesvgadgmuli 

qristianul lite-raturaSi. wm. mariamis kulti mas Semdeg 

Zlierdeba, roca sabolood SeimuSaves `RvTismSoblobis~ 

dogma efesoSi gamarTul mesame msoflio saeklesio krebaze. 

es kulti `wm. ninos cxovrebaSi~ ar aris gamokveTili, 

rac imaze miuTiTebs, rom Zeglis uZvelesi plastebi 431 

wlamdea Seqmnili (kuWuxiZe 1999 : 134-135). sagulisxmoa 

isic, rom wm. ninos pirvelsaxe, misi arqetipi, `moqcevaÁs~ 

mixedviT, aris ara RvTismSobeli, aramed mariam magdalineli 

(ix.: metre-veli 2000 : 51-56). 

yovelive zemoTqmuli niSnavs Tu ara, rom RvTismSoblis 

kulti IX saukunemde, e. i `wm. ilarion qarTvelis 

cxovrebis~ Seqmnamde ar arsebobda saqarTveloSi? 

raRa Tqma unda, ara! 

xsenebuli kultis arsebobas mowmobs Tundac uZveles 

qarTul mravalTavebSi daculi RvTismSoblis sakiTxavebi. 

TviT basili monazonis mier `wm. ilarion qarTvelis 

cxovrebaSi~ gamoTqmuli saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi 

wilxvdomilobis idea uTuod Zvel qarTul saeklesio gadmocemebs 

emyareba, radgan hagiografi mogviTxrobs imas, 

rac misTvis utyuari da WeSmaritia. rac Seexeba `wm. ninos 

cxovrebas~, miuxedavad imisa, rom masSi qarTveli eris 

TviTmyofadobis warmomaCinebeli araerTi ideaa gacxadebuli, 

RvTismSoblis saxe ramdenadme gafermkrTalebulia. 

es ki imaze mianiSnebs, rom wm. ninos Riad dakavSireba 

214

maradqalwul mariamTan SedarebiT gviandeli literaturuli 

tradiciaa (maxaraSvili 2005: 17-22). 

RvTismSoblis kultma, wminda da maradqalwuli mariamis 

mier qarTvelTa mfarvelobis Segnebam gansakuTrebiT 

Rrmad gaidga fesvi aTonel moRvaweTa Soris, rac maT 

SemoqmedebaSic aisaxa. aq gasaTvaliswinebelia erTi garemoeba: 

aTonis iverTa monastris damaarsebeli iovane Tavis 

Svil efTvimesTan erTad X saukunis 60-iani wlebis dasawyisSi 

moRvaweobda ulumboze, sadac saukuniT adre mTeli 

5 weli gaatara wm. ilarionma Tavis mowafeebTan erTad. 

ulumboze yofnisas mama-Svili gaecnoboda ara marto werilobiT 

wyaroebs wm. ilarionis cxovreba-moqalaqeobaze, 

aramed moismenda zepir gadmocemebsac am sakvirveli kacis 

saswaulmoqmedebaTa Sesaxeb. etyoba, wakiTxulma da 

gagonilma imdenad didi STabeWdileba moaxdina iovanesa 

da efTvimeze, rom ilarion qarTveli maT aRiares TavianT 

uSualo winamorbedad, erTgvar gzamkvlevad da misabaZ 

magaliTad sazRvargareT myofi yvela qarTveli berisaTvis. 

es iqidanac Cans, rom iovanesa da efTvimes aTonze 

gadasvlis Semdeg wm. ilarionis kulti iqac mkvidrdeba. 

efTvime aTonelma sakuTari xeliT gadawera `wm. ilarion 

qarTvelis cxovrebis~ mokle teqsti, SemdgomSi iqve 

gadainusxa misi vrceli basiliseuli redaqcia, daiwera 

agreTve metafrasuli `cxovreba~ da SeiTxza sagalobeli. 

safiqrebelia, rom saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomilobis 

azri “wm. ilarion qarTvelis cxovrebis” meSveobiT 

gavrcelda aTonel mamebSi; metic: aTonis RvTism- 

Soblisadmi wilxvedrilobac saqarTvelos analogiiT 

unda gaCeniliyo wminda mTaze. 

RvTismSoblis kultis arsebobas aTonze erTmniSvnelovnad 

adasturebs giorgi mTawmidlis ìoanesa da 

efTvimes cxovreba~. TxzulebaSi yuradRebas iqcevs ramdenime 

momenti: 

1. 

yrma efTvime Zlier avad Seiqna. iovanes TqmiT, misi 

gamojanmrTelebis imedi mas aRar hqonda. mamam RvTismSoblis 

taZars mimarTa, davarda wminda dedoflis xatis 

win da maradqalwul mariams Semweoba sTxova. roca 

iovane senakSi dabrunda, didad gaukvirda, radgan Svili, 

215

sruliad uvnebeli da gamojansaRebuli, sawolze wamomjdari 

ixila. efTvimem mamas uambo Semdegi: gamomecxada 

vinme didebuli dedofali da mkiTxa qarTulad: ra gtkiva 

efTvime? me vuTxari: movkvdebi, dedofalo! rogorc ki es 

vTqvi, movida CemTan, Semexo xelze da miTxra: Sen cudad ar 

xar, adeqi, nu geSinia da qarTuladac Tavisuflad ilaparake. 

am dromdeo, _ gadmogvcems iovane, _ efTvimes uWirda 

qarTulad laparaki da `friad mwuxare viyav amis pirisaTÂs, 

xolo mieriTgan dauyenebelad, viTarca wyaroÁ, aRmodin 

uwmindes yovelTa qarTvelTasa~. gaivlis sul cota 

dro da mamis STagonebiT efTvime daiwyebs mTargmnelobiT 

saqmianobas: `dRe da Rame tkbilsa mas Taflsa wignTa 

saRmrToTasa Sureboda, romlisa mier daatkbo enaÁ Cueni 

da eklesiaÁ~ (abulaZe 1967 : 60-62). damowmebuli teqstidan 

ar Cans, sad moxda zemoxsenebuli faqti _ ulumboze Tu 

aTonze. amas arsebiTi mniSvneloba arca aqvs. mTavari isaa, 

rom aTonis saliteraturo skolis winamZRolis _ efTvimes 

xelisampyrobeli da, aqedan gamomdinare, qarTuli 

enis, mwignobrobisa da sulierebis mfarveli am epizodis 

mixedviT aris deda RvTismSobeli. 

216 

2. 

giorgi mTawmideli saubrobs ra berZenTa mcde- 

lobaze, radac unda dajdomodaT xelSi CaegdoT aTonis 

iverTa monasteri, aRniSnavs: àra Tumca ufali Seweul iyo 

Cuenda da m e o x e b aÁ w m i d i s a R m r T i s - 

m S o b e l i s aÁ da maT wmidaTa mamaTa CuenTa madli da 

locvaÁ~, erTi qarTvelic ki aRar darCeboda am vrcelsa 

da didebul lavraSi, romelic didi xarjiTa da ofliT 

aages Cvenma wminda mamebma swored qarTvelebisTviso (abulaZe 

1967: 94). 

3. 

sagulisxmoa is faqtic, rom aTonis iverTa monas- 

tris mTavari taZari (`didi eklesiaÁ~) RvTismSoblis 

saxelze aages qarTvelebma. giorgi mTawmidlis TqmiT, 

ùaRres qebisa aRmatebul ars haerovnebaÁ da SuenierebaÁ 

misi, romel amas mTasa Sina, daRacaTu friad arian monasterni, 

garna msgavsi misi ara ipoebis, da ara xolo mTasa, 

aramed sxuaTaca mravalTa adgilTa~. ai, am taZris mitacebac 

scades berZnebma, magram, rogorc mwerali SeniSnavs: 

`w m i n d a m a n R m r T i s m S o b e l m a n Cuen

glaxakTa gÂboZa didebuli igi didebisa TÂsisa taZari da 

y o v l a d v e gÂ R u w i s d a g u f a r a v s 

u R i r s T a a m a T d a u c x oT a m a d i d e - 

b e l T a d a s a m w y s o T a TÂ s T a ~ (abulaZe 

1967 : 98). 

RvTismSoblis, rogorc qarTveli eris mfarvelis saxe, 

kargad Cans giorgi mciris `giorgi mTawmidlis cxovreba- 

Sic~. davimowmebT Txzulebis or monakveTs: 

1. 

giorgi Seyenebulma daavala giorgi mTawmidels 

saRmrTo wignebis berZnulidan qarTulad Targmna da 

efTvimes dawyebuli saqmis bolomde miyvana. Tavdapirvelad 

mowafem uari hkadra moZRvars: es saqme SeSveniT mxolod 

iseT `ganRmrTobil~ kacebs, rogoric wm. mama efTvime 

iyoo. maSin berma uTxra: Svilo, vinc efTvime sikvdilisagan 

ixsna da qarTuli ena `ganumarta~, mas SeuZlia Senc 

Segewios, `r a m e T u m a s d i d a d e w y a l i s 

d a u y u a r s n a T e s a v i C u e n i ~ (giorgi 

mcire 1994: 189-190). 

2. 

giorgi mTawmidlis gardacvalebis Semdeg aTonze 

Seqmnes xati: wm. mama efTvime da wm. mama giorgi wm. maradqalwul 

mariams qarTvelTa meoxebas evedrebian. es 

xati moaTavses `samarxosa zeda wmidisa mamisa Cuenisa 

giorgissa~. mis Sinaarss giorgi mcire amgvarad ganmartavs: 

wm. RvTismSobelma ganadida misive madidebelni _ efTvime 

da giorgi Cveni eris gasanaTleblad; èrTsa mas simrTele 

mianiWa da enaÁ keTilad metyueli qarTulad, xolo meoresa 

_ sibrZne da mecnierebaÁ, rameTu m a T o r T a v e 

a d i d e s Z a l i s a e b r y o v l a d d i d e - 

b u l i i g i m i z e z i k e T i l T a C u e n - 

T aÁ . . .~ (giorgi mcire 1994: 257). 

ganxiluli masala sruliad sakmarisia, raTa naTeli 

warmodgena viqonioT, Tu ra damokidebuleba hqondaT 

aTonel qarTvelebs deda RvTismSoblisadmi. 

wminda da maradqalwuli mariamis kulti aTonis paralelurad 

X-XI saukuneebSi saqarTveloSic ganmtkicda. amitom 

SemTxveviTi araa, rodesac XII saukunis 10-20-ian wleb- 

Si arsen iyalToelma * metafrasuli “wm. ninos cxovreba” 

* Cven viziarebT mosazrebas, romlis mixedviTac arsen iyalToeli da arsen 

beri erTi da igive piria. 

217

SeTxza, wina redaqciebisagan gansxvavebiT, sruliad axleburad 

gaiazra RvTismSoblis saxe; kerZod, man saqarTvelos 

RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvdomilobis ideas logikurad 

daukavSira qarTlis moqcevis peripetiebi da wm. ninos 

cxovreba, riTac aRniSnul ideas mwyobri da dasrulebuli 

koncefciis saxe SesZina. 

arsenis gadmocemiT, saqarTvelos zogierT kuTxe- 

Si qristes rjuli pirvelad iqadaga andria mociqulma, 

romelsac Tan axldnen simon kananeli da mataTia. miuxedavad 

imisa, rom maT uamravi adamiani moaqcies qristianobaze, 

qarTvelTa mefe da qveynis udidesi nawili “daSTa masve 

sibnelesave da sacTursa kerpT-msaxurebisasa” (abulaZe 

1971: 10). 

wm. ninos sadaurobis, misi mSoblebis, dabadebisa da 

swavla-aRzrdis mkiTxvelisaTvis gacnobis Semdeg mwerali 

kidev erTxel exeba mociqulTa Temas: ...wm. ioane 

RvTismetyvels wilisyriT samjer xvda aziis efesos mxare 

qristianobis gasavrceleblad. magram sxva mociqulebisagan 

gansxvavebiT, is samisionero misias ver axorcielebda, 

radgan yovladwminda RvTismSobels emsaxureboda Tavis 

saxlSi _ sionSi. gamosavali Seqmnili viTarebidan Tavad 

wm. mariamma STaagona ioanes. is RvTismSobelTan erTad 

gaemarTa wilxvdomili qveynisaken, mariam magdalinelisa 

da sxva menelsacxeble dedebis TanxlebiT. mxolod sami 

dRis savali hqondaT gavlili, rodesac gamoecxadaT macxovari 

da ubrZana ioane maxarebels menelsacxebleebTan 

erTad gzis gagrZeleba samociqulo Rvawlis aRsasruleblad. 

xolo Tavis yovlad wminda dedas uTxra: ar msurs 

Seni wasvla saqadageblad, dabrundi ukan sionSi, `r a - 

m e T u n a w i l S e n d a a r i a n a d v i l 

mosaqcevelni erni warmarTni da 

q u e y a n aÁ m a T i ~. xolo rodesac aResruleba 

qveyanaze Seni yofnis Jami, ara marto ioanes, aramed yvela 

mociquls Semovkreb SenTan kidiT-kididan da me Tavad moval 

Seni sulis wasayvanad. asec aRsrulda! RvTismSoblis 

micvaleba iyo didebuli. igi ZesTan erTad avida sufevad. 

amis Semdeg mravali weli gavida, rodesac yovladsaxierma 

dedofalma moxeda Tavis wilxvdomil qveyanas, Cven ers, 

`r a m e T u n a w i l m i s a C u e n v a r T , 

218

n a T e s a v n i q a r T v e l T a n i , d a n e - 

t a r v a r T C u e n d a s a m n e t a r , r a - 

m e T u n a w i l m i s a v i w o d e n i T . da igi 

ars Semdgomad RmrTisa mÃsneli da ganmaTavisuflebeli 

Cueni mwarisa misgan monebisa da sruliadisa tyueobisa 

mTavrisa mis bnelisa~ (abulaZe 1971: 15-16). 

amis Semdeg arseni kvlav ubrundeba wm. ninos cxovrebas: 

Rirsi nino dRe da Rame loculobda RvTismSoblis 

xatis win, mudam marxvasa, mRviZarebasa da daucxromel 

vedrebaSi iyo. erTxelac, rodesac is imyofeboda sionSi, 

wminda dedoflis senakis win, gamoecxada maradqalwuli 

mariami da uTxra: gagzavni Sen saqadageblad ucxo erTan, 

qarTvelebTan, Cem wilxvedril CrdiloeTis qveyanaSi, wadi 

mxned, uSiSrad da aswavle WeSmariteba! wm. ninom miugo: 

dedofalo, rogor SevZleb amis gakeTebas, me xom qali var 

ucxo, undo da uswavleli? maSin RvTismSobelma Tavis saflavTan 

amosuli vazis rto mokveTa, misca mas jvris saxe, 

gadasca is ninos da uTxra: am niSiT sZlev eSmakis yovelgvar 

mzakvrobas, warmatebuli iqneba Seni mqadagebloba, me 

ki Semweobas gagiwev da ar migatoveb. rodesac netari nino 

gons moego, xelT hqonda jvari vazisa. SeZrwunebuli da 

gakvirvebuli cremliT adidebda igi RmerTs da yovladwminda 

RvTismSobels (abulaZe 1971: 16-17). swored am jvris 

meoxebiT moaxdina uamravi saswauli wm. ninom qarTlSi, rac 

sabolood Cveni qveynisa da eris sruli gaqristianebiT 

dasrulda (jvari vazisa sabolood daivanebs mefe mirianis 

mier aSenebul im eklesiaSi, romelsac `jvari patiosani~ 

erqva). 

ase iqca wm. ninos jvari _ jvari vazisa, qarTuli eklesiis 

upirveles simbolod, qarTuli marTlmadideblobis 

niSad da saswaulad. masSi gaSinaarsebulia erTdroulad 

Ze RvTisac _ ieso qriste da mSobeli misic _ yovlad 

wminda mariami (jvari, rogorc macxovris simbolo, vazi, 

rogorc RvTismSoblis simbolo). ase daakavSira vazis 

jvarma xiluli da uxilavi ZafebiT wm. nino, RvTismSobeli 

da misi wilxvdomili qveyana _ qarTli. 

zemoT damowmebuli epizodis werilobiTi wyaroebis 

moZieba albaT gaWirdeba. es arc aris saWiro. arsen iyal- 

219

Toeli uTuod sargeblobs zepiri saeklesio gadmocemebiT, 

romelTac is mxolod literaturul formas aZlevs. 

es rom asea, amas mowmobs isic, rom `wm. ilarion qarTvelis 

cxovrebaSi~ da metafrasul `wm. ninos cxovrebaSi~ 

RvTismSoblis saxe TiTqmis erTnairi paradigmebiT aris 

gadmocemuli; magaliTad: wm. ninosac da wm. ilarionsac 

deda RvTismSobeli ecxadeba da is STaagonebs maT samociqulo 

gzaze Sedgomas; es gamocxadebebi palestinaSi 

xdeba da orive aqedan iwyebs samisionero moRvaweobas; 

orives dasaxuli misiis ganxorcielebaSi maradqalwuli 

mariami exmareba, TumcaRa gansxvavebulia am misiis miznebi 

da masStabebi _ erTma (wm. ninom) kerpTayvanismcemlobiT 

dabnelebul qarTlSi unda Seitanos RvTaebrivi naTeli, 

xolo meorem (wm. ilarionma) xatmebrZoleobisagan rwmenaSeryeul 

bizantias ganaxlebis suli unda STaberos, WeSmaritebis 

madls aziaros (ix.: maxaraSvili 2006: 28-29). 

saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvedrilobis arseniseul 

Teorias momdevno saukuneebSi raime arsebiTi ara 

Sematebia ra, Tu ar CavTvliT nikoloz gulaberisZis (XII 

s.) `sveticxovlis sakiTxavs~, romelSic mweralma Tavisi 

epoqis istoriuli realobidan gamomdinare (Tamaris mefoba) 

dasva sakiTxi: ratom maincadamainc qali amoarCia 

RmerTma qarTvelebis gasanaTleblad? upirvelesi argumenti, 

romliTac nikolozi am kiTxvaze upasuxebs aris 

Semdegi: saqarTvelo `nawili~ iyo yovladwminda RvTism- 

Soblisa. amitom mas Tavad surda Cven qveyanaSi Camosvla 

da qristianobis qadageba, magram misma Zem, macxovarma, ar 

ineba amis ganxorcieleba. ukve Semdgom, rodesac RmerTma 

wyaloba moiRo Cven erze, qalis (wm. mariami) nacvlad qali 

(wm. nino) warmoavlina qalisave wilxvedril qveyanaSi (sabinini 

1882: 71-72. Sdr.: kekeliZe 1980: 319-320). 

saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi wilxvedriloba iyo 

erTi is macocxlebeli ideaTagani, romelic rwmenas matebda 

qarTvel ers da istoriis yvelaze ufro Znelbedobis 

Jamsac ki gadarCenis imeds ar ukargavda. 

damowmebani: 

abulaZe 1963: abulaZe i. (redaqtori). Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli 

literaturis Zeglebi, wigni I (V-XII s.s.). Tb.: gamomcemloba `mecniereba~, 

220

1963. 

abulaZe 1967: abulaZe i. (redaqtori). Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli 

literaturis Zeglebi, wigni II (XI-XV s.s.). Tb.: gamomcemloba `mecniereba~, 

1967. 

bezaraSvili, kuli 2000: bezaraSvili q., kuli b. `mayvlovanis~ gagebisaTvis 

Zvel qarTul mwerlobaSi. literaturuli Ziebani, XXI. Tb.: gamomcemloba 

`merani~, 2000. 

bezaraSvili, 2002: bezaraSvili q. masalebi saqarTvelos RvTismSoblisadmi 

wilxvdomilobis ideisaTvis qarTul mwerlobaSi. krebuli _ 

Zveli qarTuli literaturis problemebi. Tb.: Tsu gamomcemloba, 2002. 

giorgi mcire 1994: giorgi mcire, cxovreba giorgi mTawmidelisa. 

teqsti gamosacemad moamzada, gamokvleva da leqsikoni daurTo i. lolaSvilma. 


elaSvili 2000: elaSvili q. RvTismSoblis saxe da adreuli periodis 

qarTuli hagiografia. literaturuli Ziebani, XXI. Tb.: gamomcemloba 

`merani~, 2000. 

kekeliZe 1957: kekeliZe k. kulturuli damoukideblobisaTvis br- 

Zolis anarekli Zvel qarTul literaturaSi. etiudebi Zveli qarTuli 

literaturis istoriidan, IV. Tb.: gamomcemloba `mecniereba~, 1957. 

kekeliZe 1980: kekeliZe k. Zveli qarTuli literaturis istoria, I. 


kuWuxiZe 1999: kuWuxiZe g. kidev erTxel `wmida ninos cxovrebis~ da- 

TariRebisaTvis. literaturuli Ziebani, XX. Tb.: gamomcemloba `merani~, 

1999. 

maxaraSvili 2005: maxaraSvili s. `wm. ninos cxovreba~ da qarTuli mesianisturi 

ideis safuZvlebi. II saerTaSoriso simpoziumi, `qristianoba 

Cvens cxovrebaSi _ warsuli, awmyo, momavali~. Tb. 2005. 

maxaraSvili 2006: maxaraSvili s. bibliuri da literaturuli paradigmebi 

basili monazonis (protoasikritis) `wm. ilarion qarTvelis cxovrebaSi~. 

literaturuli Ziebani, XXVII. Tb. 2006 

maxaraSvili 2007: maxaraSvili s. basili protoasikritis msoflmxedvelobisaTvis. 

bizantinologia saqarTveloSi (krebuli eZRvneba ak. 

s. yauxCiSvilis xsovnas). Tb.: programa “logosi”, 2007. 

metreveli 2000: metreveli f. agiografiuli sityva da logosi. Tb.: 

gamomcemloba `nekeri~, 2000. 

popovi 2005: Попов И. . Н. Н. . Влахерны. Влахерны. Влахерны. . Православная Православная Православная энциклопедия, энциклопедия, энциклопедия, под под под редак- 

редак- редак- редак- 

редак- 

цией Патриарха Московского и всея Руси Алексия II. Том IX. Москва: Церковнонаучный 

центр “Православная энциклопедия”, 2005. 

sabinini 1882: sabinini m. . (redaqtori). (redaqtori). redaqtori). ). saqarTvelos saqarTvelos samoTxe. samoTxe. samoTxe. . peterpeter- 

peter- peterpeter- 

burgi, 1882. 

siraZe 1997: siraZe r. `wminda ninos cxovreba~ da dasawyisi qarTuli 

agiografiisa, Tb.: Tsu gamomcemloba, 1997. 

sulava 2002: sulava n. XII-XIII saukuneebis qarTuli himnografia da 

politikuri ideologia. krebuli _ Zveli qarTuli literaturis problemebi. 

Tb.: Tsu gamomcemloba, 2002. 

221

Soso Makharashvili 

On the Problem of St.Nino, Grapevine Cross and Virgin Mary, the 

Main Protector and Intercessor of Georgia 

222 

Summary 

The present work deals with the conception of Georgia as a country 

under special protection and intercession of the Virgin Mary. The roots 

of origination of this idea, deelopment trend and the final process of the 

theory formation have been considered. In this context, there are analyzed 

such compositions as: “The Life of St Illarion Kartveli”, “The Con- 

ersion of Georgia”, “The Life of St.John and Euthymius”, “The Life of 

St.Giorgi Mtatmsindeli” and metaphrase “The Life of Saint Nino”. On 

the basis of the studied material it has been concluded that it was Arsen 

Ikaltoeli who gae well-composed and elaborated form to the idea of a 

country under the special protection and intercession of Mary and harmoniously 

linked the mentioned idea to the issues of St.Nino’s life and 

conversion of Georgia.

eka CikvaiZe 

paralelebi 

nikoloz gulaberisZis `sveticxovlis sakiTxavi~ 

da wminda ninos cxovreba 

wminda ninos mociqulebrivi Rvawli araerTma Txzulebam 

Semogvinaxa. qarTvelTa ganmanaTlebeli eklesiam 

Seafasa wodebiT `mociqulTa swori~, xolo sasuliero 

mwerlobam _ misi moRvaweobisa da `srbis~ aRmweri araer- 

Ti ZegliT. `ninos moRvaweobisa da masTan dakavSirebuli 

qarTlis moqcevis Sesaxeb arsebuli istoriuli da popularul-legendaruli 

gadmocemebis literaturuli damuSaveba 

adre dawyebula~ (cxadaZe 1975: 390). `wminda ninos 

cxovrebis~ erT-erTi redaqcia daculia XI saukunis II 

naxevris istorikosis _ leonti mroveliseuli `qarTlis 

cxovrebis~ (`qarTlis cxovreba~ 1955: 72-130) saxeliT cnobil 

krebulSi, sadac avtori eyrdnoba `ninos cxovrebis~ 

uZveles redaqcias. mogvianebiT, XII saukunis II naxevarSi 

mociqulTa swori qalwul-ganmanaTleblis moRvaweobis 

swored es redaqcia daimowma da gamoiyena nikoloz gulaberisZem 

`sveticxovlis sakiTxavSi~ (sabinini 1882: 69-119). 

nikoloz gulaberisZis biografia. gelaTis saliteraturo 

skolis moRvaweTa naTargmni Tu originaluri Txzulebebi, 

rogorc wesi, mwirad gvawvdian cnobebs maT 

mTargmnelTa Tu SemTxzvelTa Sesaxeb. am TvalsazrisiT, 

gamonaklisi arc `sveticxovlis sakiTxavia~, romelsac 

qarTul filologiaSi damkvidrebuli tradiciiT nikoloz 

gulaberisZes miakuTvneben. kaTolikos-patriarqis, 

poetis, mTargmnelis, istorikosisa da mwignobaris, nikoloz 

gulaberisZis, moRvaweobis Sesaswavlad upirvelesi 

mniSvneloba eniWeba misive `sakiTxavs svetisa cxovelisa, 

kuarTisa saufloÁsa da kaTolike eklesiisa~, aTonis 

saaRape wigns (metreveli e. 1998: 101-130), sinodikonsa da 

Tamaris cxovrebis aRmwer Txzulebebs. `sakiTxavis~ avtoris 

Sesaxeb TviT Zeglidan viciT, rom: a) Txzulebis av- 

223

tors namdvilad nikolozi hqvia. erT-erT saswaulSi igi 

gvamcnobs: `romeli ese nikolaoz qarTlisa kaTalikozman 

Tvinier wesisa da Cueulebisa~ (sabinini 1882: 89) qmna, erTxel 

mipatiebiao, e.i. gvamcnobs saxelsa da sasuliero 

xarisxs, rac iSviaTad gvxvdeba qarTul xelnawerebSi. 

b) nikolozis biZa, mamis Zma, gaxldaT kaTolikos-patriarqi 

svimoni (1142-1146). svimonis Sesaxeb gamoTqmuli varaudiT, 

igi iyo giorgi Wyondidelis diswuli, romelsac daviT 

aRmaSeneblis dros mwignobarTuxuces-Wyondidelis, 

Sirvanis gamgebelisa da bediel-alaverdeli episkoposis 

pativic rgebia (metreveli r. 2000a: 125). nikolozi aRniSnavs, 

rom patriarqobamde svimoni wminda sabas monasterSi 

moRvaweobda, xolo TviTon am dros iyo `siyrmesa Sina~ 

(`Jamsa mas siyrmisa Cemisasa... netari mamis Zma Cemi svimoni, 

pirvel patriarqobisa misis, monastersa Sina iyo wmidisa 

sabasa armazs... me kaxeTiT movdiodi da erTi kaci Tana myuanda~ 

sabinini 1882: 98). g) misi sapatriarqo taxtze aRsaydreba 

burduxan dedoflis, e.i. giorgi III-is (1156-1184) 

dros moxda. basili ezosmoZRvris istoriuli Txzulebidan 

`cxovreba mefeT-mefisa Tamarisi~ Cans, rom nikolozi 

uaRresad mniSvnelovani piri yofila giorgi mesamisa da 

Tamaris karze. d) kaTalikosobis periodSi mas ukurTxebia 

episkoposi sveticxovlis gareT (ruisis taZarSi) burduxan 

dedoflis ZaldatanebiT (e.i. gulaberisZe ukve kaTalikosobda 

burduxanis gardacvalebamde). Tamaris istoriidan 

cnobilia, rom igi 1178 wels `simdablisa ZliT ijmna 

qarTlisa kaTalikozobisagan~ (metreveli r. 2000b: 135). 

sakaTalikoso taxtze uaris Tqmas ierusalims wasvlas 

ukavSireben. saaRape wignidan varkvevT, rom valis gamo yadaRadadebuli 

miwebisa da soflebis gamoxsnaSi aTonis 

qarTul savanes winamZRvar pavlesTan erTad swored 

nikoloz gulaberisZe daexmara. sinodikonSi nikolozis 

saxeliTaa dawerili ramdenime aRapi, romelTa Soris gansakuTrebiT 

mniSvnelovania Tamar dedoflisTvis dadebuli 

orwevra da ioane mwignobarTuxucesisTvis dadebuli 

aRapebi. el. metrevelis azriT, radgan pavle aTonis qarTvelTa 

monastris winamZRvari iyo 1170-1184 wlebSi (pavle 

winamZRvrad daadgines `Tvesa martsa indiqtionsa samsa, 

224

e.i. 1170 wels, man miatova winamZRvroba indiqtionsa orsa~, 

e. i. 1184wels, _ aRapebi 165 da 158), nikoloz gulaberisZe 

aTonze 1179-1183 wlebSi unda yofiliyo. riT adasturebs 

el. metreveli mama pavlesa da nikoloz gulaberisZis er- 

Tobliv moRvaweobas? upirveles yovlisa, paleografiuli 

monacemebiT, romelTa Sorisac umniSvnelovanesia orwevra 

aRapebi. amasTanave, Actes d’Iviron II tomis masalebze 

dayrdnobiT (da sxva gamokvlevaTa moSveliebiT) el. metreveli 

aRadgens ivironis mamaTa rigs da miuTiTebs, rom 

ivirons 1120-40 wlebSi ioane III kalakala winamZRvrobs, 

xolo 50-dan 70 wlamde erTmaneTs cvlian miqaeli, ioane IV, 

vasili da giorgi V (am ukanasknelis Sesaxeb mowmoba panteleimonis 

monastris berZnul aqtSicaa daculi). amave 

mkvlevaris cnobiT, 1183 wels nikolozi ierusalimSi, 

jvris monasterSi, gadasula, sadac didi sameurneo saqmianoba 

gauSlia monastrisTvis laTinTagan mitacebul miwaTa 

dasabruneblad (metreveli e. 1998: 124). mkvlevarTa 

erTi nawilis eWvs Tamaris titulatura iwvevs. SeiZleboda 

Tu ara Tamaris dedoflad moxsenieba? el. metrevelis 

azriT, Tamar dedoflis mosaxsenebeli aTonis qarTuli 

monastris aRapebSi 1178-79 wlebSia Cawerili, e.i. Tamaris 

yrmobaSi (1178-1179 wlebidan 1184 wlamde, stagirSi giorgi 

III-is gardacvalebamde, Tamari giorgis III-is Tanamosaydrea, 

rogorc cnobilia, Tamari daibada 1158 Tu 1160 

wels). arsebobs ori gansxvavebuli mosazreba Tamaris 

vinaobis Sesaxeb: kekeliZe-ingoroyva-metreveli mas Tamar 

mefed, xolo s. kakabaZe ki daviT aRmaSeneblis asulad, 

Sirvan-Sahze gaTxovil da daqvrivebul dedoflad, miiCneven. 

s. kakabaZe fiqrobs, rom a) mwignobarTuxucesi ioane 

(xolo mas ixseniebs erT-erTi aRapi) Tamar mefis dros ar 

moRvaweobda da b) raki Tamari aRapSi iwodeba ara mefed 

(mefeT-mefe an dedofalT-dedofali), aramed mxolod dedoflad, 

es aris daviT aRmaSeneblis asuli, romelsac 

Sirvan-Sahis Tanamecxedreobis gamo ixsenieben dedoflad 

(es Tamari, daqvrivebuli, 1152 wels saqarTveloSi dabrunebis 

Semdeg monazvnad aRikveca da aResrula 1160 wlis 

axlos). Sesabamisad, kakabaZis varaudiT, winamZRvarma pavlem 

swored am Tamarisgan miiRo daxmareba 1152 wlamde 

225

(radgan amis Semdeg ukve monazvnad aRkvecili dedoflad 

veRar iwodeba). pavle daayenes winamZRvrad III indiqtionis 

martSi, xolo 29 aprils, 2 indiqtions `dauteva mamaman 

pavle mamoba~ * (aRapi 169, 178) (kakabaZe 1966: 301-315). mniSvnelovania, 

rom nikoloz gulaberisZe yvelgan (aRapebSi) 

ixsenieba martivad, saxeliT. xom ar unda vivaraudoT, rom 

igi jer ar iyo kaTalikosi? is Casula aTonSi pavles winamZ- 

Rvrobis dros. danamdvilebiT viciT, rom saeklesio krebaSi 

monawileobis misaRebad nikolozi Tamarma ierusalimidan 

gamoixmo (`cxovreba mefeTmefisa Tamarisi~), rac 

Tamarma gamefebisTanave (giorgis gardacvalebis Semdeg) 

moiwvia. mkvlevarTa erTi nawilis azriT, mizezi Tamaris 

dedoflad moxseniebisa swored Tanamecxedreoba unda 

iyos, radgan am periodSi igi mefed ver iwodeboda. Tuki 

svimoni 1142-46 wlebSi kaTalikosis taxtis mpyrobeli iyo 

(xolo gulaberisZe, TviT nikolozisave sityvebiT, sakiTxavSi 

ixsenebs ambavs, romelic mas `siyrmis~ asakSi, svimonis 

kaTalikosobamde gardaxdenia), unda vifiqroT, rom 

igi aTonze am dros ver iRvawebda (s. kakabaZis mier miTiTebuli 

wlebi swored nikolozis yrmobisdroindel saswauls 

emTxveva, am dros igi kaxeTSia). svimonis patriarqobis 

dro emTxveva demetre I-is zeobis xanas (1125-1155/6). 

demetre I-s ixseniebs xelnawerTa muzeumSi daculi K14 xelnaweri, 

romelic, erT-erTi mosazrebiT, swored nikoloz 

gulaberisZes unda ekuTvnodes. cxadia mxolod is, rom 

qronologiurad naklebad mosalodnelia maqsimes korpusis 

qarTuli Targmanis gulaberisZisTvis mikuTvneba, 

Tuki K14-is Targmnas demetres mefobis 20-40-iani wlebisTvis 

vifiqrebT, rogorc amas gvTavazobs ed. WeliZe (WeliZe 

1998: 58-60). gamefebis Semdeg Tamarma nikolozi ierusalimidan 

gamoixmo masTan dapirispirebuli miqaelis 

(1178-1190) nacvlad aRsasaydreblad. nikolozma kaTalikosobaze 

uari Tqva, magram anton quTaTelTan erTad 

Tamaris mier mowveul saeklesio krebas swored is xelmZRvanelobda. 

anton saRiris Ze (quTaTeli) aTonis saaRape 

* mniSvnelovania, rom aRapebSi ar Cans meore TariRi, romlis mixedviTac 

unda dadgindes konkretuli dro. amitom daTariReba mainc hipoTeturia, 

xolo gamoTvla indiqtisa qoronikonis gareSe marTebulia rogorc kekeliZe 

_ metrevelTan, aseve _ kakabaZesTan. 

226

wignSic ixsenieba (indiqtionsa a, rac el. metrevelis azriT, 

1183 wels Seesatyviseba. xolo 1184 wels igi unda dabrunebuliyo 

saqarTveloSi da daepyra quTaTelis kaTedra. 

Tamaris mier gamarTul saeklesio krebas swored anton 

quTaTeli da nikolozi warmarTavdnen). `cxovreba mefeTmefisa 

Tamarisi~ mogviTxrobs, rom Tamarma `pirvelad aRmouwoda 

qalaqiT ierusalemiT nikolozs galaberisZesa... 

ese ra moiyvana, Semoikribna yovelni samefosa Tvisisa 

mRdelTmoZRvarni, monazonni da meudabnoeni, kacni mecnierni 

sjulisa saRmrTosani da moswrafe iyo, raTa marTlmadideblobasa 

zeda SemoTesilni Teslni borotni aRmofxurnes 

samefosa Tvisisa... xolo Semo-ra-krbes orisave 

samTavrosa episkoposni, romelTa pirad aqunda zemo moxsenebuli 

nikoloz, msgavsi sexnisa Tvisisa da antoni 

quTaTeli saRiris-Ze... miegeboda maT Tamar didiTa simdabliTa, 

viTarca kacni da ara mefe, viTar angelozTa da 

ara kacTa~ (kekeliZe 1951: 298). bolodroindelma gamokvlevebma 

istorikosebi miiyvana daskvnamde, rom miqaeli 

1188 wels gardaicvala (qadagiZe 2001: 124). Tuki es sworia, 

maSin saeklesio krebis TariRi 1184-1188 wlebiT unda ganvsazRvroT. 

am krebisa da saaRape wignTa Semdeg gulaberisZe 

aRarsad ixsenieba. amitomac fiqroben mkvlevarebi, rom 

nikolozi gardaicvala 1190 wlis axlo xanebSi. es daTari- 

Reba marTebuli iqneba im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki davuSvebT, rom 

Tamar dedofali Tamar mefea. Zalze mniSvnelovania 

`saqarTvelos samoTxeSi~ daculi SeniSvna `sveticxovlis 

sakiTxavis~ daweris TariRTan dakavSirebiT, romelic biografiis 

TvalsazrisiTac sayuradReboa: m. sabinini miu- 

TiTebs, rom `svinaqsari ese kaTalikoz nikolaoz pirvelisagan 

1160 wels Sedgenil ars ZueliT matianeTagano~ (sabinini 

1882: 117). sakiTxavis daweris TariRis Sesaxebac azrTa 

sxvadasxvaobaa. kekeliZe mas Tamaris epoqas miakuTvnebs 

(kekeliZe 1951: 298-302). ras efuZneba m. sabininis daskvna, 

ar viciT, Tumca, aseTi daTariReba gvafiqrebinebs, rom 

SesaZloa gulaberisZe iyo orjer saberZneTSi (mosazrebas 

saberZneTSi sakiTxavis daweramde yofnis Sesaxeb berZenTa 

naTesavis, misi xasiaTisa da wes-CveulebaTa Sesaxeb msjelobac 

gangvimtkicebs (ix. sakiTxavi, gv. 104; mxedvelobaSi 

227

gvaqvs originaluri da ara naTargmni ZeglisTvis uCveulo 

leqsikur-stiluri Tu sintaqsuri berZnizmebi, razedac 

qvemoT sagangebod SevCerdebiT), an TariRi misi saber- 

ZneTSi yofnis Sesaxeb mcdaria. amave dros, sakiTxavis Sedgenisas 

nikolozi ukve aRsaydrebulia kaTalikosis taxtze, 

radgan wers: `pirvel patriarqobisa Cemiso~ (sabinini 

1882:98). mkvlevarTa varaudiT ki gulaberisZe patriarqobda 

1156-1178-ian wlebSi. Tuki sabininis cnoba sworia, 

maSin aRapSi moxseniebuli Tamaric, cxadia, iqneba daviT 

aRmaSeneblis qaliSvili (miT umetes, rom Tamar mefe daibada 

1158 Tu 1160 wels). Sesabamisad, am SemTxvevaSi logikuria 

Tamaris mouxseniebloba TxzulebaSi, gulaberisZis 

biografia ki mniSvnelovanwilad gadasaxedi (magaliTad, 

patriarqTa rigisa da zeobis sakiTxi). biografiis amgvari 

wakiTxva K14 xelnaweris Sesrulebis TariRze ed. WeliZis 

varaudsac eTanxmeba da aRapis leqsikis uCveulobasac _ 

mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs Tamaris orwevra aRapis sityvebi _ 

`havTa RorTa kacTa...~ (metreveli 1998: 124) rac patriarqisgan 

namdvilad moulodneli Sefasebaa. amasTanave, TxzulebaSi 

arsad ixsenieba Tamar mefe, rac aseve damafiqrebelia. 

aseT SemTxvevaSi, vfiqrobT, angariSgasawevi iqneba s. kakabaZis 

mosazreba. 

biografiidan CvenTvis gansakuTrebiT yuradsaRebi 

`saeklesio wesTa ganmarTvaa~ (metreveli 2000b: 135). 

yvelaze mniSvnelovani, rac sasuliero mwerlobidan 

nikolozs daukavSirda, misive `sveticxovlis sakiTxavia~. 

nikolozis mizani yofila sveticxovelTan dakavSirebul 

saswaulTa Semokreba-aRweriT uflis sakvirvelmoqmedi 

madlisa da Zalis Secnoba-qeba (dambadeblis dabadebuliT 

Secnoba, rasac uaRresad logikuri da Zalze saintereso 

magaliTebiT gvawvdis). 

nikoloz kaTalikosi Tavadve gvamcnobs: `rameTu vin 

gamowulilviT meZieblobdes dasabamsa da vinaobasa da 

sadaobasa netarisa mis ninosasa, wigni igi xelad miiRen 

aRwerili mowerilobiT moTxrobisaTvis qarTvelTa cxovrebisa 

da misgan geuwyos yovelive aRmavsebelad Cuenisa 

naklulevanebisa. xolo Cuen Sesabamad wmidisa amis 

dResaswaulisa mxolod aRmavsebelad kma sayofeli reca 

228

sulmcired Semoklebuli Txrobili moxsenebaÁ ninosica 

aRvsweroT da SemdgomiTi Semdgomad SeudginoT yovelive 

jerovani gamosaCeneli da sacnaurmyofeli suetisa cxovelisa 

da kuarTisa saufloÁsa didebulebai ugunurebisa 

Cuenisagan SesaZlebeli~ (sabinini 1882: 73). amgvarad, 

nikoloz gulaberisZem Tavadve ganmarta mizezi wminda 

ninos cxovrebis Semoklebuli versia-redaqciis CarTvisa, 

gansazRvra Txrobis mizani, ragvaroba, Txzulebis 

(sakiTxavis) Sedgenis motivacia da, amasTanave, miuTiTa 

upirvelesi wyaroc, saidanac ninos Rvawlis warmoCenisas 

usargeblia. k. kekeliZem `qarTuli literaturis istoriis~ 

I tomSi SeniSna gulaberisZis sakiTxavis msgavseba 

leonti mrovelis ZeglTan. mkvlevaris azriT, ninos moRvaweoba 

da Rvawli aqac isevea Sefasebuli da gadmocemuli, 

rogorc `qarTvelTa cxovrebaSi~ (kekeliZe 1951: 298). 

imave avtoris miTiTebiT da bolodroindeli gamokvlevebiT, 

nikoloz gulaberisZis TxzulebaSi Cans `qarTlis 

moqcevis~, `matiane qarTvelTais~, ninos cxovrebis sxva 

redaqciebis (mag.: arsen beriseuli), efrem mciris Sromis 

(`mosaxsenebeli moqcevisa Cuenisai Tu romelTa wignTa 

Sina berZenTasa xsenebul ars~), aseve, araqarTvel moRvaweTa 

wyaroebis, rufinusis, beri melqiti nikonis, mose 

xorenacis (TamaraSvili 1995: 200-240), basili didis eqvsTa 

dReTas (romelsac Tavad avtori axsenebs) (sabinini 1882: 

71), msoflio saeklesio krebaTa (mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs mrwamsis 

eqscerptebi, Zalian sayuradRebo da mniSvnelovani, 

romelsac wminda nino warmoTqvams TxzulebaSi da romelic 

sxva redaqciebSi amgvari saxiT SesaZloa arc iyos), ioane 

damaskelis `gardamocemis~ kvalic. 

1. sakiTxavis kompozicia da misi mimarTeba ninos cxovrebis 

sxva redaqciebTan. wminda ninos cxovrebis svinaqsarul 

redaqciaTa Seswavlisas mkvlevari d. menabde 

SeniSnavs: ès Txzuleba ninos cxovrebis detalebis gadmocemaSi 

mTlianad leonti mrovelis Sromas eyrdnoba, razedac, 

rom araferi vTqvaT maT frazeologiur siaxloveze, 

miuTiTebs TviT nikolozic~ (menabde d.: 183). Tavis mxriv, 

`sakiTxavic~ gamxdara Cvenamde moRweuli ori svinaqsaris 

wyaro (amave naSromSi d. menabde miuTiTebs, rom A 425 da A 

229

220 svinaqsarul krebulebSi moTavsebuli cxovrebani gulaberisZis 

`sakiTxavidan~ momdinareoben, amitomve atyviaT 

gulaberisZis stilisa da leqsikis kvali). Cvenamde moRweuli 

arc erTi xelnaweri, romelic sakiTxavis teqsts 

Seicavs, XVII saukuneze adreul periods ar ganekuTvneba. 

es ki mniSvnelovnad arTulebs Zeglis kvlevas. 

kompoziciur-siuJeturi da informaciul-faqtobrivi 

mimarTeba. `sveticxovlis sakiTxavi~ enobriv-stiluri 

TvalsazrisiT sam pirobiT nawilad davyaviT. esaa: Sesavali 

(dasawyisi), ninos moRvaweoba da ninos Semdgomi saswaulebi 

(`gixarodeniT~). saerTo da ucvleli mTel Txzuleba- 

Si ideur-saxismetyvelebiTi aspeqtebia, rac amTlianebs 

Zegls da, aseve, avtoris stili (mxedvelobaSi gvaqvs ara 

enobriv-stiluri sakiTxebi, rac gansxvavebulia I-III da II 

nakveTebSi, aramed Txrobis, sakiTxis warmoCenis _ `saZieblis~ 

Wvretis, gamowulilvisa da safilosofoso Ziebis 

gulaberisZiseuli stili, rac `qarTlis cxovrebis~ im 

monakveTisTvis, romliTac nikolozi sargeblobs, ucxoa). 

gulaberisZis sakiTxavi inarCunebs qveTavTa Tanmimdevrobas: 

abiaTaris monaTxrobi, sidonias monaTxrobi, magram 

zedmiwevniT ar misdevs maT. ZeglTa urTierTSedarebam 

TxzulebaTa urTierTmimarTebis sami aspeqti warmoaCina: 

a. ori Zegli zedmiwevniT (an mcire variantuli sxvaobiT) 

misdevs erTmaneTs: ùfalo, mravliTa ZaliTa SeniTa~... 

(sabinini 1882: 74); `Sevida saxlsa samoTxis mcuelisasa~/ 

(`qarTlis cxovreba~ 1955: 93) `Sevida saxlsa mas samoTxis 

mcuelisasa~; Tanmxvedria sidonias monaTxrobis mniSvnelovani 

epizodi, erTgvaria daTariReba (gulaberisZe 

savsebiT iziarebs mroveliseuls); b. gulaberisZe `qarTlis 

cxovrebis~ mokle versias gvTavazobs, sadac kvali am 

ukanasknelisa naTelia da (amgvar pasaJTa moZieba rTuli 

araa maTi simravlis gamo); g. Txzulebebi erTmaneTisgan 

gansxvavdeba. Rogorc q. cxadaZe miuTiTebs, `safiqrebelia, 

rom sxvaobani gamouwvevia `qarTlis cxovrebis~ redaqtor- 

Semdgenlebisa da mTargmnelis saerTo mizansa da gegmas, 

zogjer ki gadamnusxvelis gemovnebas. qarTul wyaroeb- 

Si yvelaze meti cvlilebiT leonti mrovelis redaqcia 

warmodgenilia XII saukunis II naxevris moRvawis nikoloz 

230

gulaberisZis sayuradRebo SromaSi. avtoris mizania aRweros 

uflis kvarTis adgilsamyofelze agebul taZarSi 

aRmarTuli sveticxovlis istoria da misi saswaulebi. gulaberisZisTvis 

sainteresoa `ninos cxovrebis~ is nawili, 

romelSic gadmocemulia ninos moRvaweoba mcxeTaSi, mis 

mier qarTlis moqceva da ara mTeli cxovreba. amitom igi 

Txrobas iwyebs ninos javaxeTs SemosvliT da amTavrebs 

svetisa da jvrebis saswaulebiT. am nawils avtori gadmogvcems 

leonti mrovelis Tanaxmad Tavisufali Txrobis 

saxiT~ (cxadaZe... 1960: 390-1). mag.: gulaberisZe ar urTavs 

abiaTaris I monaTxrobs; qarTlad Semosvlis epizodSi ar 

axsenebs gacs, gansxvavebiT mrovelisgan; zog xelnawerSi 

calke Tavadaa gamoyofili jvris aRmarTva (sabinini 1882: 

78); zogjer Txroba identuri Tu ara, msgavsia (amgvar 

SemTxvevaSi saubroben versifikaciaze da ara redaqciaze), 

magram gansxvavebulia faqtobrivad: `Semdgomad weliwadTa 

mravalTa esma Ziswulsa aderki mefisasa~/ (sabinini 

1882: 100) Semdgomad mravalTa weliwadTa Ziswulis Svilman 

aderki mefisaman...~ mniSvnelovani faqtobrivi sxvaobaa 

4 jvari (romelsac simboluri, saxismetyvelebiTi 

da ideuri gansxvaveba Semoaqvs TxrobaSi, Tuki mas faqtad 

vaRiarebT) * ; SesaSuri kritikuli da logikuri azrovneba 

* sayuradReboa oTxi jvris Sesaxeb daculi cnoba, romelic ninos cxovrebis 

sxva arc erT redaqciaSi ar gvxvdeba: `ganhkueTes xe igi maisis erTsa da 

Sehqmnnes juarni oTxni~. qristianuli simbolikis TvalsazrisiT, TavisTavad, 

oTxi sakraluri ricxvia, SeiZleba oTx kuTxes, Sesabamisad, sarwmunoebis 

yovelmxriv gavrcelebas (gavixsenoT oTxi maxarebelic) ukavSirdebodes. 

am sxvaobaze yuradReba SeaCera m. CxartiSvilma (literaturaTmcodn. simpoziumis 

masalebi, hierotopia wminda ninos cxovrebaSi, 18-20, 2007), sadac 

gansxvavebas ierotopiis sxvagvari xedviT xsnis. unda iTqvas, rom raime 

daskvnis gamotanamde saWiroa Tavad gulaberisZiseuli teqstis guldasmiT 

Seswavla. jvris aRmarTvis Sesaxeb Txrobisas nikoloz patriarqi gadmogvcems: 

`juari cecxlisa Camovidis zeciT da eklesiasa mas zeda, romelsa 

juarni esuennes gvirgviniTa daadgris...da riJuraJs oden gankrTian orni 

varskulavni da erTi warvidis aRmosavleTiT, xolo erTi dasavliT da igi 

Tavadi egis Tvissa mas adgilsa~... aq ukve sami varskvlavi Cans, romelic sam 

jvars ganuwesebs samyofels: èrTisa mis dasavleTiT TxoTisa mTisa miwevna 

miuTxres, xolo erTisa aRmosavleTisa mis bods kuxeTisa...miwevna miuTxres 

da orTave maT esreT sacnaur iqmna sazRuari~, miniSnebul adgilas ubrZana 

`netarman nino warxuma orTa juarTa~ _ erTi TxoTis mTaze, xolo meore 

(Tanac, nikolozisave SeniSvniT, erTi) _ ùjarmos qalaqsa~, `xolo Tavadi 

ese juari patiosani mesame uwyebiTa zegardamoTa aRmoiyvanes ze borcusa 

mas queSe wyarosa mas zeda, sada didi igi umTavresi varskulavi aRmovides~ da 

episkoposis kurTxeviT aRmarTes (sabinini 1882: 100). arsad Txrobisas ar Cans 

231

warmoCndeba, roca gulaberisZe ori sxvadasxva episkoposis 

qarTlad Semosvlis cnobas ganixilavs. igi ar iRebs 

ukritikod arc erTs, magram xedavs SesaZleblobas, moagvaros 

orive informacia erTmaneTTan, rasac gvTavazobs 

kidec. gansxvavebulia toponimi: muxrani _ muxnari; mniSvnelovania 

sxaoba, roca is ganpirobebulia gulaberisZis 

paradigmuli an kidev gelaTis skolisTvis damaxasiaTebeli 

azrovnebiT, poziciiT, msoflxedviT. es, ZiriTadad, 

maSin xdeba, roca `cxovrebiseuli~ informacia, Txroba 

gulaberisZis mizans scdeba da an kidev, nikolozi Tvlis, 

rom `saTanado ars~ `gamowulilva~ Tu `Zieba~-komentari. 

misTvis mniSvnelovania faqtTa sizuste, amitomve sakama- 

To sakiTxs arkvevs: `viTar winaaRmdgom ars sityva sityvisa, 

friad saZiebel arso~ (sabinini 1882: 89). unda SevniSnoT, 

rom gulaberisZe Tavisuflad ekideba masalas: zogjer ganavrcobs, 

xan amcirebs, sxvagan ki komentars urTavs (mag.: 

ioane episkoposis, svetis saswaulebisa Tu ninos mier aRsrulebul 

sakvirvelqmedebaTa moxsenebisas). 

Txzulebas uZRvis Sesavali, romelic erTgvari Semzadebaa, 

`cxdyofis mizezTa~ swored filosofiuri axsnaa, 

radgan ufalma qarTvelTa gansanaTleblad warmoavlina 

qali _ nino (am sakiTxs sagangebod SevexebiT qvemoT). mxolod 

`saTanado~ komentaris Semdeg nikoloz gulaberisZe 

iwyebs Txrobas wminda ninos Sesaxeb. Txroba iwyeba ninos 

javaxeTSi SemosvliT (gansxvavebiT `qarTlis cxovrebisgan~). 

Sedarebam cxadyo, rom sveticxovlis sakiTxavis Cvenamde 

moRweul redaqciebSi mroveliseuli `ninos cxovreba~ 

gamokrebili saxiTaa warmodgenili. Cans sxva wyaroTa kva- 

meoTxe jvari. aqve unda gaviTvaliswinoT nikoloz gulaberisZis damokidebulebac 

iseT principul redaqciul-faqtobriv sxvaobebTan, rogoric warmodgenili 

SemTxvevaa. mas, rogorc uaRresad dakvirvebul, `gamomeZiebel~ 

da `saZiebelTa~ `saTanadod~ maanalizebel istorikoss ar sCvevia faqtTa 

ukomentarod miReba. qarTlis cxovrebisgan ganmasxvavebeli stiluri Taviseburebis 

erTi aspeqti swored es `Ziebaa~ (magaliTisTvis saberZneTidan 

Camosul episkoposTa vinaobis ori gansxvavebuli cnobis morigebis gulaberisZiseuli 

versiac gamogvadgeba. mniSvnelovania, rom, erTi mxriv, leontisgan 

gansxvavebul versias episkoposTa Sesaxeb siuJeturad mosdevs jvris 

aRmarTvis ambavi, romelic, am SemTxvevaSi, leontis qronologias zedmiwevniT 

imeorebs, TumcaRa misgan gansxvavdeba faqtobrivad. ix. Sabinini 1882: 

95-97). amitom, savaraudoa, rom cnoba oTxi jvris Sesaxeb mxolod gadamweris 

Secdomaa da ara gulaberisZis gansxvavebuli versia. 

232

lic, radgan gvaqvs epizodebi, romelnic ar gvxvdeba mrovelTan, 

zogjer qarTlis cxovrebis siuJeturi mimdevroba 

darRveuli da gadawyobilia gulaberisZis ideur-mxatvruli 

CanafiqrisTvis ufro mosaxerxeblad. mTeli rigi 

pasaJebi misdevs erTmaneTs, xSiria Semokleba, rac isev da 

isev avtoris ideur-mxatvruli Canafiqris Sedegia. 

2. kompozicia `sakiTxavis~ enobriv-stiluri da leqsikuri 

kvlevisas mniSvnelovan sirTules qmnis. vawydebiT 

imave tipis problemas, rogorsac, zogadad, `ninos cxovrebis~ 

Semcvel ZeglebTan dakavSirebiT: gulaberisZis 

`sveticxovlis sakiTxavis~ kiTxvisas gvrCeba STabeWdileba 

sxvadasxva enobriv-leqsikur qsovilTan Sexebisa. aRniSnuli 

mimarTeba `qarTlis cxovrebisa~ da `sakiTxavisa~ 

enasa da stilzec aisaxa. Zegli enobrivi TvalsazrisiTac 

pirobiTad sam nawilad unda davyoT, radgan Txzulebis 

Tavi da bolo gelaTur ZeglebTan avlens kavSirs, xolo 

Sua monakveTi (romelic `qarTlis cxovrebasTan~ akav- 

Sirebs Txzulebas) leqsikuradac gansxavebulia. aq avtori 

TiTqos mihyveba leonti mrovelis enobriv stils 

da gansakuTrebiT ar cvlis mas. marTalia, is niSnebi, rac 

saerToa mTeli ZeglisTvis, mainc SeimCneva (magram gacilebiT 

naklebi intensivobiT). jer kidev iv. javaxiSvili 

miuTiTebda, rom `nikolaoz kaTalikozs ...enis mxrivac 

Tavisebureba emCneva. mas, viTarca filosofoss, Cveulebrivi 

sityvebi ar moswons da axal SeTxzulebsa xmarobs, 

rogorc mag.: mimomstumrobas, TanaSewevnas, warmoCenas, 

ver-sworsa da sxvebs. magram gansakuTrebiT mimReoba, 

or-sam nawiledi sityvebi da maTgan nawarmoebi zmnebi hyvarebia, 

mag.: mimxedvelman, mecadnni, metyvelman, naviTyvanebulmi, 

...da sxv. amgvari sityvebis wyalobiT Cveni istorikosis 

ena zogan mZimed gveCveneba~, magram es marto misi 

maxasiaTebeli ar unda iyos, aramed ukve ìoane petriwisa, 

arsen iyalToelisac da, rogorc etyoba, mTeli garkveuli 

filosofiuri mimarTulebis damaxasiaTebel Tvisebad 

unda CaiTvalos~ (javaxiSvili 1983: 406). savsebiT marTebulia 

iv. javaxiSvilis mosazreba, radgan `sveticxovlis 

sakiTxavi~ gelaTis skolis tipuri Txzulebaa enobrivi 

maxasiaTeblebis TvalsazrisiT. 

233

`sveticxovlis sakiTxavis~ stilur Taviseburebas berZnuli 

enisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli konstruqciebis moxmoba 

qmnis. es sintaqsuri konstruqciebia mimReoburi, infinitivuri, 

pasivuri da uSemasmenlo winadadebebi. es niSnebi 

kidev ufro mniSvnelovania, Tuki SevadarebT `cxovrebis~ 

paralelur epizods. I-III da II nakveTTa enobrivi maxasiaTeblebis 

gansxvavebis fonze ra qmnis Txzulebis erTianobis 

SegrZnebas? es aris is komentar-ganmartebani Tu Sefaseba- 

Sejamebani, romelTac mTel TxzulebaSi `saTanado~ adgilas 

urTavs avtori. 

unda aRvniSnoT, rom mTel Txzulebas axasiaTebs msjelobis 

ritorikul-filosofiuri stili. Cveulebrivia 

Txrobis erTgvari Semzadeba dasawyisi frazis moxmobiT. 

nikoloz patriarqi ambavs ase iwyebs: `saWiro ukue vidreme 

iqmna Cuenda,~ an kidev, `saTanado ukuÀ vcan, Txrobad...~ 

`saTanado ukuÀ vhgone...ara datevebad TÂnier moxsenebisa...~ 

ùWeSmarites ukue vhgone sxuaca saZiebeli...~ da a.S. 

swored stilis, msjelobis sruliad gansakuTrebuli maneris, 

faqtTa da movlenaTa Sejameba-analizis da sxv. gamo 

iv. javaxiSvili `sveticxovlis sakiTxavis~ avtors istoriul-filosofiuri 

mwerlobis warmomadgenlad miiCnevs 

(javaxiSvili 1983: 400). 

3. Zeglis Janrobrivi specifika, saxismetyvelebiTideuri 

da ideologiuri sakiTxebi. gavrcelebuli mosazrebiT, 

ninos cxovrebis mravalgzis damuSavebis erT-er- 

Ti mizezi agiografiuli Txzulebis calke Camoyalibebis 

mcdelobebs unda ukavSirdebodes. am TvalsazrisiT, 

nikoloz gulaberisZis `sveticxovlis sakiTxavi~ siaxles 

ar gvTavazobs. amitom, Zeglis upirveles Semfasebels m. 

sabinins igi svinaqsarad miuCnevia (ix. Cvenive komentari 

qvemoT). nikolozis Txzulebis Janrobrivi specifikis 

gansazRvra Zalze saintereso sakiTxia da, Cveni azriT, 

ganapirobebs rogorc `qarTlis cxovrebasTan~ mis damokidebulebas, 

ise Zeglis kompoziciur, stilur-enobriv 

da ideur-saxismetyvelebiT aspeqtebs. nikoloz gulaberisZis 

Txzulebis Sesaxeb gamoTqmuli varaudiT, sveticxovlis 

sakiTxavi aris a) agiografiuli, b) istoriuli 

(gamokvleva _ T. Jordania), g) himnografiuli, d) poli- 

234

Janruli Txzuleba; 

agiografiul Txzulebas sruliad konkretuli mizani, 

modeli da tipologia aqvs. mas unda hyavdes gmiri, romlis 

cxovreba-moRvaweobas warmoaCens agiografi avtori. 

amasTanave, es aris gza miwieri, Cveulebrivi mokvdavobidan 

wmindanobamde, gza, romelic gansacdelTa daZleviT 

ufalTan erTobiT gvirgvindeba da, romelic Cven, aseve 

Cveulebriv mokvdavT, xatad, magaliTad unda gveqmnas. 

Tavis mxriv, wmindani baZavs macxovars, xolo agiografi 

wmindanis gzis CvenebiT _ maxarebels. sabolood ki iqmneba 

xati, mzerisa da gulisyuris warmmarTveli, wmindanisa, 

romelic meoxi xdeba winaSe RvTisa, raTa Cvenc davimkvidroT 

caTa sasufeveli. mowame Tu dammowmebeli, 

moqalaqe (cxovrebis gmiri) Txzulebis centraluri 

figuraa da Txroba an Tanmimdevrulad viTardeba (sadac 

naCvenebia moRvaweobis dasawyisidan bolomde ganvlili 

gza), an kidev agiografis Sexedulebisamebr (magaliTad, 

principiT: `saqmeman Senman gamogaCinos Sen~), msgavsad 

`grigol xancTelis cxovrebisa~ (romelic kompoziciurad 

cxovrebis fragmentTa amsaxvel xats Camohgavs). istoriul 

TxzulebaSi aqcenti istoriul faqtTa da movlenaTa 

ganviTarebaze unda iyos gadatanili. imitomac, rom 

sakuTriv saistorio TxzulebaTa standartul modelSi 

gulaberisZis Zegli ver jdeba, iv. javaxiSvilma nikoloz 

patriarqs istoriis filosofosi uwoda. `sveticxovlis 

sakiTxavs~ verc himnografiul TxzulebaTa rigs mivakuTvnebT, 

radgan sagalobels mkacrad gansazRvruli kanonika 

aqvs, rac ZeglSi ar Cans. TviT Txzulebis bolo epizodic 

ki, romelic gixarodenis saxeliTaa cnobili da romelsac 

daujdomel galobad kiTxuloben eklesiaSi, calke, 

damoukidebeli saxiT ar Seqmnila. mas sruliad gansxvavebuli 

funqcia aqvs. Txzuleba ver Sesruldeba RvTismsaxurebisas 

rogorc himni, sakiTxaviT ver aRavlenen, magali- 

Tad, parakliss. poliJanruli Txzuleba sxvadasxva Janris 

ZeglTa erTobliobas unda warmoadgendes, aq SesaZlebeli 

unda iyos sxvadasxva Janris plastebis garCeva, sxva SemTxvevaSi 

es is bunebrivi mravalplanianoba iqneba, rac, zogadad, 

sasuliero TxzulebaTa sinkretuli bunebiTaa gan- 

235

pirobebuli. `moqcevai qarTlisais~ Sesaxeb msjelobisas z. 

aleqsiZe miuTiTebs, rom igi arc `sufTa istoriuli nawarmoebia, 

arc hagiografiuli, Tumca, imave dros, erTicaa da 

meorec...`moqcevai qarTlisaim~ Tavisi tradiciac ki Seqmna 

msgavsi sinTeturi tipis Janrisa. `wminda ninos cxovrebis~ 

Sesaxeb dawerili yvela momdevno xanis redaqcia 

erTsa da imave dros aris hagiografiuli nawarmoebic da 

istoriuli Txzulebac~ (aleqsiZe 2007: 4). agiografiuli 

da istoriuli xazi `sveticxovlis sakiTxavSic~ Cans, magram 

maT ara aqvT damoukidebeli mizani. istoria TiTqmis 

yvela sasuliero xasiaTis TxzulebaSi isaxeba, radgan aq 

gansakuTrebuli yuradReba eniWeba faqtTa namdvilobas, 

wyaroTa utyuarobas (gavixsenoT nebismieri agiografiuli, 

istoriuli, himnografiuli Txzuleba, sadac TviTmxilveloba, 

mowmeTa monaTxrobi, dadasturebuli informacia 

usaTuod aRsaniSni faqtoria, utyuarobis, sandoobis ganmapirobebelia). 

amitomve ìstoriis filosofosad~ moxsenieba 

nikoloz gulaberisZisa Cven ara Zeglis Janrobrivi 

specifikis gansazRvrad, aramed Txzulebis istoriuli 

aspeqtebis Sefasebad migvaCnia. Tavad gulaberisZe SeniSnavs, 

rom miznad dausaxavs `WeSmariti da utyueli~ ambis 

`WeSmaritebiTve sacnaurqmna~, rac sasuliero mwerlobisTvis 

aucilebeli pirobaa. Cveni azriT, sveticxovlis 

sakiTxavi aris homiletikuri Janris Txzuleba, kerZod, 

sadResaswaulo qadageba. homilia, rogorc cnobilia, sam- 

Rvdelo pirTa mier warmoTqmuli moZRvreba-qadagebaa, 

romelic an winaswar iwereboda SemTxzvelis mier, an qadagebis 

Semdeg Caiwerdnen xolme. homiletikur literaturaSi 

gamoyofen sadResaswaulo qadagebebs (romelTa mizanic 

dResaswaulis gandidebaa), enkomiebs (riTac mowameebsa 

da wmindanebs asxamen xotbas), epitafiebsa da sakuTriv 

homiliebs, romelTac egzegetikur-moralisturi xasiaTi 

hqondaT (leqsikoni-cnobari I, 1984: 279). swored winaswar 

Cawerili sadResaswaulo homiliis saxe aqvs `sveticxovlis 

sakiTxavs~. Zegli gajerebulia mkiTxvelisa Tu 

msmenelisadmi mimarTviT. ninos xazis dasrulebas axal 

saswaulTa gadmocema cvlis, sadac gulaberisZe ambobs: 

`sixaruli dResaswaulisa da Jami Sekrebisa Cvenisa sxuisa 

236

asame uaxlesisa da sixarulevanisa xelyofad iZulebulgvyofs 

Cven, rameTu vinaTgan dResaswaulisaTvis ars sityua, 

saTanado vidreme vhgone RvTismoyuareno, kualadca 

sacnauryofad zogsre saswaulTaTvis svetisa cxovelisa~ 

(sabinini 1882: 104). miuxedavad imisa, rom ZeglSi CarTulia 

wminda ninos cxovrebis sakmaod vrceli epizodi, ver 

vityviT, rom iqmneba wmindanis xati. avtorisTvis mniSvnelovania 

ara wminda ninos Rvawlis ganzogadeba, ara misi 

magaliTad, saxed warmoCena, aramed wminda ninos Rvawlis 

Sedegi _ `qarTlebrTa amaT aRmosavleTis eklesiis~ dafuZneba. 

wminda ninos Rvawlis CarTva TxzulebaSi emsaxureba 

nikolozis mizans _ saTave daudos sveticxovlis 

dResaswauls da mas Tavisufali kompilaciis xasiaTi aqvs * 

(amiT unda iyos ganpirobebuli Sefasebac _ svinaqsari. 

saerTod, kompilacia sasuliero TxzulebebSi Cveulebrivi, 

Tumca, ratomRac Seuswavleli movlenaa. kompilirebis 

kvali araerT naTargmn Tu originalur Txzulebas 

atyvia). wminda nino ar aris gulaberisZis Txzulebis centraluri 

figura. aq ar aris naCvenebi mxolod da sakuTriv 

qarTvelTa ganmanaTleblis Rvawli (miuxedavad k. kekeli- 

Zis miTiTebisa, rom TxzulebaSi mocemulia `gaazreba da 

Sefaseba ninos Rvawlisa da misi saqmianobisa saqarTveloSi~, 

rasac, cxadia, veTanxmebiT, magram davZenT, rom 

am gaazreba-Sefasebas nikolozi sakiTxavis Sedgenis mizans 

uqvemdebarebs. kekeliZe 1951: 105). Txroba arc ninos 

moRvaweobis pirvel dReTa TxrobiT (rogorc es saerTod 

xdeba agiografiul TxzulebebSi, uflis an RvTismSoblis 

mier wmindanis samoRvaweod mowodebiT) iwyeba da arc misi 

gardacvalebiT sruldeba. ZeglSi namdvilad warmoCenilia 

wminda ninos saxe gansxvavebul konteqstSi. am gansxvavebul 

xedvas ki gulaberisZis mizani qmnis. avtori Tavadve 

gvicxadebs: `rameTu vin gamowulilviT meZieblobdes dasabamsa 

da vinaobasa da sadaobasa netarisa mis ninosasa, wigni 

igi xelad miiRen aRwerili mowerilobiT moTxrobisaTvis 

qarTvelTa cxovrebisa da misgan geuwyos yovelive aRmavsebelad 

Cuenisa naklulevanebisa. xolo Cuen Sesabamad 

wmidisa amis dResaswaulisa mxolod aRmavsebelad kma say- 

* amitomac atyvia qarTlis cxovrebis, arsen beriseuli ninos cxovrebis 

da sxva TxzulebaTa kvali (ix. zemoT, Cvenive statia). 

237

ofeli reca sulmcired Semoklebuli Txrobili moxseneba 

ninosica aRvweroT da SemdgomiTi Semdgomad SeudginoT 

yovelive jerovani gamosaCeneli da sacnaurmyofeli 

suetisa cxovelisa da kuarTisa sauflosa didebuleba 

ugunurebisa Cuenisa SesaZlebeli~ (sabinini 1882: 73). 

nikoloz gulaberisZe Tavadve ganmartavs ninos cxovrebis 

epizodTa CarTvisa da amgvari redaqciiT warmodgenis 

mizans, es aris `dResaswaulis Sesabamad~ Txroba. qarTvel- 

Ta ganmanaTleblis Rvawli da saxe erTi rgolia im jaWvisa, 

romliTac patriarqs saboloo Sedegamde mivyavarT. 

es aris uflis dideba, WeSmaritebis wvdoma, sacnauryofa, 

dambadeblis dabadebuliT qeba-Secnoba, qarTuli eklesiis 

wiaRSi TavCenil sakvirvelqmedebaTa axsna, yvelaferi 

ki konkretul SemTxvevaSi sami aspeqtiT: eklesia _ kvar- 

Ti _ sveti gamovlinda. mxolod amitom Semodis TxrobaSi 

wminda nino da ara damoukidebeli funqciiT, rogoric mas 

eqneboda agiografiuli Txzulebis SemTxvevaSi. amitomve 

aqvs Txrobas gamokrebili xasiaTi. 

axali ar aris, rom wminda ninos moRvaweoba mociqulTa 

RvawlTanaa Sedarebuli. magram, zogadad, gulaberisZes 

sxva mweralTagan ganarCevs faqtTa da movlenaTa Sefaseba-ganzogadeba, 

sadac mniSvnelovania ara mxolod tradiciuli 

paradigmuli azrovneba, aramed `saZiebelTa~ axali 

aspeqtiT warmoCena, rac zogjer eklesiis istoriis TvalsazrisiTac 

xdeba sayuradRebo. sveticxovlis sakiTxavis 

avtori wminda ninos qarTlSi Semosvlas sami mizeziT xsnis: 

1. `brZanebiTa uflisaTa~ ìsrad rCeulad da elvad 

naTlisad~ `kideTa queyanisaTa warivlinnes mociqulni~. 

àRmosavaliT kerZoTa maT~ qadagebad wadier iyo deda 

RvTisa `SesabamobisaTvis saxelisa misisa (e.i. Zisa, e.C.), 

viTarca TviT ewodebis aRmosaval mzisa simarTlisa~. * pa- 

* qristianuli azrovneba uaRresad simbolizebulia. simboluria aRmosavleTis 

mniSvnelobac mTels Zvelsa da axal aRTqmaSi („mogvni aRmosavaliT movides“, 

mT. 2,1; ,,vixileT varskulavi misi (qristesi) aRmosavaliT“, mT. 2,2,...). 

aRmosavleTiT aris mimarTuli marTlmadidebluri eklesiis sakurTxeveli, 

Sesabamisad, aRmosavleTisaken aqvs piri mlocvels. aRmosavleTiT moZraobs 

axali naTelRebulic da jvardawerilic analogiis garSemo (mzis sawinaaRmdego, 

magram Semxvedri mimarTulebiT. ,,qristianuli moZRvreba aris winamZ- 

Rvari kacobriobisa swored dasavleTidan aRmosavleTisaken, radgan dasavleTi 

uklebliv yvela wminda mamasTan aris bneleTisa da kvdomis simbolo, 

xolo aRmosavleTi-sinaTlisa da sicocxlis“. amgvarad, tradiciis mixedviT 

238

tivi aRmosavleTSi qadagebisa RvTisave nebiT RvTismSoblis 

_ qalis _ nacvlad xvda axla ukve RvTismSoblisave 

nebiTa da SewevniT qals _ ninos. deda _ RvTismSobeli 

ùzesTaesia dedaTa da mamaTa da zecisa ZalTaca~. amitom, 

`raJams RmerTman ineba wyaloba da cxovreba naTesavisa 

Cvenisa, dedakacive warmoavlina...gamoTxoviTa da xuaiSniTa 

dedisaTa...vinadgan nawilica iyo dedisa RvTisa~. 

èrTi WeSmariti da ueWveli mizezi~ qarTvelTa naTesavis 

dedakacis mier moqcevisa swored RvTismSoblis wilxvdomileba 

yofila. xolo RvTismSoblis wilxvdomilebis 

erT-erTi mizezi ki `qarTlebrTa naTesavis aRmosavaliT~ 

cxovreba, rakiRa TviT ufali _ mze simarTlisa _ aRmosavaliT 

aRmobrwyindeba. RvTismSoblis wilxvdomilebis 

Sesaxeb cnobas pirvelad ilarion qarTvelis cxovrebaSi 

vxvdebiT, Xsk. II nax., XII saukunidan ki araerTgzis dasturdeba 

(sakiTxis Sesaxeb sagangebod msjelobs k. kekeliZe 

etiudebis IV t., kekeliZe 1957: 137-140). 2. `meore da 

uWeSmaritesisa ese ars, vinadgan yovelTa naTesavTa umZvinvaresni 

da uveluresni iyvnes ese naTesavni, amisTvisca 

dedakaci warmoavlina, raTa umetes sacnaur iqmnes Zali 

RvTaebisa misisa da aravisi ena kadnier iqmnes amaosa mTxzvelobisaTvis 

cudisa metyvelebad, viTarmed simxneman da 

sibrZniT filasofosobaman, gina enaritorobaman mis visme 

kacisaman daacxro borot-boroteulebai maTio, amisTvisca 

ukue lbiliTa miT da narnarad mdinariTa wylisa 

da, cxadia, ara SemTxveviT: yvela ritualuri msaxurebisas mRvdelmsaxuri 

mimarTulia aRmosavleTisaken (es Cveuleba rigiT morwmunezec vrceldeba). 

gadmocemiT, swored aRmosavleTidan gamoCndeba macxovari meored mosvlis 

Jams. ioane damaskeli sagangebod msjelobs „aRmosavaliT Tayuaniscemis“ 

Sesaxeb da brZanebs: ,,vinaÁTgan RmerTi naTeli ars sacnauri da mze simar- 

TlisaÁ da „aRmosavalad“ (zaq. 3,8 lk. 1,78) werilTa Sina saxelidebis qriste, 

misda Sewirul iqmenin TayuaniscemaÁ aRmosavaliT... ityvis... daviTca: - ugalobdiT 

ufalsa ... aRmosavaliT (fs.47,33), mermeca ityvis werili: „dahnerga 

RmerTma samoTxe edems aRmosavaliT (Sesaqme, 2,8.)“... moseansaca karavsa 

aRmosavaliT aqunda kretsabmeli da salxinebeli ... ufalica juarcumuli 

dasavalad mimarT hxedvida da esreT Tayuanis-vscemT missa mimarT mxedvelni. 

da amaRldeboda ra, aRmosavaliT kerZo aRvidoda ... da esreTve movideso, 

viTar saxed ixileT igi aRmavali zecad, angelosni ityodes mociqul- 

Ta mimarT (saqme mociqulTa 2.11) da TviT ufali: „viTarca elvaÁ gamovals 

aRmosavaliT da Cans vidre dasavaladmde, egreT iyoso moslvaÁ Zisa kacisaÁ 

(mT. 24,27)“. misni ukuÀ momlodeni Tayuanis-vscemT aRmosavaliT“ (gardamocema, 

gv. .245). 

239

nektariTa daSrita simZafre saxmilisa~ (sabinini 1882: 72). 

radgan, rogorc nikoloz gulaberisZe xsnis, ganmarTldes 

uflis sityvebi: `Zali Cemi uZlurebasa Sina srul iqmnebiso~. 

sakiTxavis avtori aseve ganmartavs, rom ufali 

`saTno iCens ara sxvilbarkalTa mamakacTasa~, aramed `mo- 

SiSTa saxelisa misisaTa, viTarca ityvis `mivxedneo garna 

mSvidsa da mdabalsa da romeli Zrwodes sityuaTagan Cem- 

Ta~ da kualad `msxuerpl RvTisa ars guli Semusrvili da 

damdablebuli RmerTman ara Seuracxhyos~. qarTlis qalis 

mier gaqristianebis meore mizezad gulaberisZes miaCnia 

`qedficxelTa (urCi, Tavxedi), ulmobelTa (aq: sastiki) da 

uglimTa (briyvi, ugunuri) naTesavTa~ ùZlurisa bunebisa 

dedakacisa mier~ molboba (sabinini 1882: 73). nikoloz gulaberisZis 

komentari am SemTxvevaSi gansxvavdeba arsen 

beriseuli poziciisgan qarTvelTa naTesavis bunebis Sesaxeb, 

sadac vkiTxulobT: àra mnebavs qadagebad warslva 

Seni, aramed warved Sen saxid Senda siond, rameTu nawil 

Senda arian advil-mosaqcevelni erni warmarTni da qveyana 

maTi~ (Zveli qarTuli...1978: 360). erTi mxriv, gasagebia advilmosaqcevelobis 

Sinaarsi: qarTvelTa gaqristianebasa 

da am sarwmunoebis saxelmwifo religiad gamocxadebas 

msxverp-li ar mohyolia. es, uflis gangebulebasTan er- 

Tad, mociqulTa swori qalwulganmanaTleblis xangrZlivi 

Rvawlis Sedegi iyo. maSin motivaciaTa winaaRmdegobaze 

ufro metad gansxvavebul xedvaze unda visaubroT. umniSvnelovanesia, 

rom mociqulTa sworis, ninos, Rvawli gulaberisZem 

swored am aspeqtiT ganixila. saubaria ara mxolod 

fizikur uZlureba-sisusteze, aramed filosofiur 

koncefciaze, mWevrmetyvelebis xelovnebis iaraRad 

gamoyenebis uaryofaze, rasac am konkretul konteqstSi 

sarwmunoeba, RvTismoSiSeba, simSvide da simdable (`Semusrvili 

guli~) upirispirdeba (TxzulebaSi araerTgzis 

ikveTeba mociqulTa sworis swored es Tvisebebi). amave 

konteqstSi da swored am motiviT imowmebs nikoloz gulaberisZe 

ùswavlel meTevzurebsa da mdabioT~, ris Sesaxebac 

zemoT ukve SevCerdiT. amave arguments nikoloz patriarqi 

amyarebs gedeonis magaliTis moxmobiT. bibliaSi 

moxsenebuli ori gedeonisgan aq israelis VII msajuli igu- 

240

lisxmeba (msaj. VI, 11), kerZod, VIII TavSi gadmocemuli ambavi 

300-kaciani laSqriT mravalricxovani mtris damarcxebisa, 

romelic, aseve, ufals mindobiTa da gedeonis mier 

damorCilebuli xalxisadmi SeTavazebuli winadadebiT _ 

ufalma imefos Tqvenze _ aris yuradsaRebi (msajulTa VIII, 

23). gedeonis msgavsad, ufals gaamefebs qarTvelTa naTesavze 

wminda ninoc. 3. `dedaTa pativis~ damadasturebeli 

mesame argumenti nikolozisTvis aris is, rom macxovris 

aRdgomis xarebis pativi swored dedaT xvdaT wilad. mniSvnelovania, 

rom homiliaSi Semodis polemikis elementic 

(rac namdvilad ar aris uCveulo movlena). patriarqi mimarTavs 

yvelas, vinc akninebs `qadagebasa da moqcevasa 

Cvensa~, Tumca, vis gulisxmobs konkretul SemTxvevaSi, ar 

Cans: `daiyavn piri borotad da amaod damakninebeli qadagebisa 

da moqcevisa CvenisaTvis bunebisa mier dedobrivisa, 

aramed ufrosad da umetesad vmoxarulobdeTca da vmoqalaqobdeT 

myuedrebelTa maT CuenTa mimarT ugunurebis 

momzraxTa~ (sabinini 1882: 73). mniSvnelovania daskvna: 

is, rac SesaZloa vinmes damaknineblad eCvenebodes, sinamdvileSi 

Cveni eklesiis pativia. usaTuod gagvaxsendeba 

giorgi mTawmidelis pasuxi antioqiis patriarqisadmi, 

romelic zustad msgavsi datvirTvis, sulieri Zalisxmevis, 

paTosisa da intonaciisaa * . 

rogorc kompoziciur-siuJetur sakiTxebze msjelobisas 

aRvniSneT, wminda ninos xazi ninos javaxeTSi SemosvliT 

iwyeba da mis mier qarTlis gaqristianebiT (qristianobis 

saxelmwifo religiad gamocxadebiT) sruldeba. 

realurad, Tuki davukvirdebiT, es aris mxolod ambavi ninos 

qarTlSi Semosvlisa da eklesiis dafuZnebisa, romelic 

dakumSulad aRadgens istorias da sadac warmmarTveli 

im saswaulTa gaxsenebaa, romlebic ukavSirdeba jer 

kvarTs, Semdeg svetsa da eklesias (sveticxovlis taZars) ** . 

* r. siraZe swored am argumentaciaTa gaTvaliswinebiT andria kritelis 

`RvTismSoblis sakiTxavTan~ dakavSirebiT fiqrobs, rom sveticxoveli ganasaxovnebs 

RvTismSobels (siraZe 1992: 134). 

** xelnawerebsa da redaqciebze saubrisas mivuTiTeT, rom sveticxovlis 

sakiTxavma araerTi xelnaweriT moaRwia Cvenamde, Tumca, maTi umetesoba XVII 

saukunisaa. vfiqrobT, rom droTa ganmavlobaSi Txzulebis `qarTlis cxovrebasa~ 

da `ninos cxovrebis~ sxva redaqciebTan msgavsebis gamoc Zeglma 

241

amave dros, gulaberisZes ainteresebs qarTlSi, kerZod, 

kvarTis, svetis adgilas, samoTxeSi (zogi redaqciiT, venaxSi) 

da mayvlovanTan aRsrulebuli saswaulebi (sakiTxavSi 

nino ar tovebs mayvlovans, RvTismSoblis safarvels 

da yovladwmida dedis meoxebiT aRwevs Tavadac erTobas 

ufalTan, sakvirvelmoqmedebs). mniSvnelovania, rom kvar- 

Ti ninos Semosvlamde gacilebiT adre CamobrZanda da RvTis 

gangebulebiT `warmoivlina qarTlsa, dedasa qadaqTasa~, magram 

misi Zala, madli da sakvirvelqmedeba sisruliT mxolod 

ninos qarTlad Semosvlisa da mayvlovanSi dafuZnebis 

Semdeg gamovlinda. gulaberisZis miizani da pozicia 

gamokveTilia maSinac, roca gareSe, sxvagan Cenil sakvirvelqmedebaT 

aRwers mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki Semdeg 

is unda daukavSirdes sveticxovels, mag.: mirianis 

mzis dabneleba, an kerpTa msxvreva da a.S. (TavisTavad, umniSvnelovanesia 

sveticxovlis, Zveli dReTas, naTliT 

mosili kacis da sxva saxeTa gaazreba. am TvalsazrisiT, 

sayuradReboa, rom `ninos cxovrebis~ sinuri xelnaweris 

miniaturaSi svets aRmarTavs qriste, Sesabamisad, Zveli 

dReTac am miniaturis SemsruleblisTvis qristes simboluri 

saxea). qristianobis saxelmwifo religiad gamocxadebis 

(e.i. qarTlebrTa eklesiis dafuZnebis) TvalsazrisiT 

Semodis TxrobaSi konstantinesadmi gagzavnili 

werili Tu cnoba episkoposTa Semosvlisa. wminda ninos 

saxis gaazreba araerT mkvlevars ucdia, amitom Cven aRar 

SevCerdebiT mis saxismetyvelebaze, Tumca SevniSnavT, rom 

gulaberisZis `sakiTxavSic~ qmediTi da metyvelia opozicia 

tyve _ dedofali da ucxo _ deda. tyve ninos cxovrebaSi 

damkvidrebuli Sesatyvisi unda iyos qristianuli ZeglebisTvis 

cnobili monisa. mamaTa ganmartebiT, TviT saxarebac 

ganarCevs ufalTan urTierTobis or safexurs: 

monobasa da megobrobas (megobars ufali uwodebs lazares, 

romelsac aRadgens). aq unda igulisxmebodes nino 

qarTlis moqcevamde da Semdeg, radgan naTlisRebis madli 

mociqulTa swor dedas (TormetTa Tana meaTcamete mociqulad 

wodebuls) tyveobidan ukve swored megobrad wode- 

gadamwerTa mier dakarga pirvandeli saxe da Seimata iseTi epizodebic, romlebic 

Tavdapirvelad gulaberisZesTan ar unda gvqonoda. 

242

is pativs miagebs. xolo radgan qriste meufea, ufalia, 

wminda nino sulieri aspeqtiT xdeba dedofali da tovebs 

tyveobas (e.i. xdeba megobari_monidan). wmida mowame ipolite 

romaeli ganmartavs: `vinc rwmeniT Sedis ganaxlebis 

sabanelSi, uaryofs satanas da uerTdeba qristes, ukuagdebs 

mters da aRiarebs qristes TviT RmerTad, ganerideba 

monobas da miiRebs Zeobas, igi brundeba naTlisRebis embazidan 

naTeli, rogorc mze, mbrwyinavi simarTlis sxivebiT 

da, rac mTavaria, brundeba RvTis Zed da qristes Tanamecxedred~ 

(RvTismsaxuris...1989:344). es sulieri gza qarTvel 

erTan erTad ganvlo wminda ninomac. amaves ukavSirdeba 

ucxo _ deda wyvilic. qarTuli agiografiidan mravali 

pasaJis moxmoba SeiZleba, sadac ucxo sarwmunoebiT ucxos, 

rjuliT ucxos Tu RvawliT ucxos, an gansakuTrebuli 

warmomavlobisas aRniSnavs (ùcxo ucxoTa SjuliTa~ _ 

abo, ùcxoveba Rvawlisa~ _ grigolisa da a.S.), magram amave 

àbos wamebaSi~ vkiTxulobT, rom qarTli gamxdara `dedad 

wmidaTa~, romelmac gaaqristiana ucxo Sjulis abo. nino 

ucxoa manam, sanam gaqristiandeba eri, xolo mirianisa da 

nanas saswaulebrivi gankurneba mas dedad aqcevs da kapadokieli 

qalwuli xdeba `deda qarTvelTa Temisa~. borotebis 

dabneleba, kerpTa msxvreva da uaryofa, rac eris 

naTlisRebas mohyva, samaradisoa (da ara droebiTi). uflis 

gangebuleba da RvTismSoblis wilxvedri qveynis uflisTvis 

aRdgena xorcieldeba eris naTlisRebiT, ufal- 

Tan erTobiT, miuTiTeben, rom `dacemuli kacobriobisTvis 

erTaderTi gza xsnisa RmerTTan erTobis miRwevaa~ 

(RvTismsaxuris...1989: 331). swored am gzas aCvenebs qarTvelT 

tyveyofili dedofali da ucxoyofili deda _ nino. 

amave dros, mzaddeba idea: mcxeTa _ qarTuli ierusalimi. 

mcxeTac binaruli saxea da, unda iTqvas, rom gulaberis- 

ZesTan gamokveTilia ara mxolod Sedegi ninos moRvaweobisa, 

aramed procesi: mcxeTa _ `deda qadaqTa~ unda iqces 

`zeciuri ierusalimis~ saxed. qadagi/qadaqi gulaberis- 

ZesTan warmarTuli saqarTvelos aRmniSvnelia (aqve gagvaxsendeba 

qarTlis saxeldeba `dedad wmidaTa~ ioane sabanisZesTan, 

e.i. icvleba funqcia, datvirTva, misia erisa 

rogorc erT, ise meore SemTxvevaSi). Tuki bolo dros 

243

SemoRebul terminologias moviSveliebT, `wminda ninos 

cxovrebaSi~ da, kerZod, gulaberisZis sakiTxavSic, asaxulia 

hierotopuli midgoma (CxartiSvili 2007: 322) da hierofania 

(sivrcul-landSafturi xati, RvTaebrivi Canafiqri 

adgilis, sakraluri sivrcis Seqmnis procesi). irkveva, 

rom qristianobis gavrcelebisTanave amgvari `baZviT~ Seqmnili 

xati ierusalimisa aris TviT konstantinepolSic 

(àxali ierusalemi~), gvian _ moskovSic, jer kidev k. kekeliZis 

(Semdeg, r. siraZis da sxv.) dakvirvebiT _ amave xats 

imeorebda mcxeTac Tavisi SemogareniT: `Zvelma qarTulma 

eklesiam, romelmac Tavisi dasabami wminda miwidan miiRo, 

topografiuli TvalsazrisiTac Tavisi dedisgan _ ierusalimis 

eklesiisgan miiRo asli, rodesac mcxeTasa da mis 

midamoebSi Seqmna yvela is umTavresi punqti, romlebTanac 

dakavSirebuli iyo qristes amqveyniuri cxovrebis 

umniSvnelovanesi movlenebi. mcxeTa qarTuli ierusalimia... 

mcxeTa, es qarTuli ierusalimi, mdebareobs md. mtkvrisa 

da aragvis Sesayarze, mis centrSia didebuli sapatriarqo 

taZati 12 mociqulisa...aq, mtkvris napiras, sadac 

qarTvelebi moinaTlnen, dRemde SemorCa mRvime eklesiis 

nangrevebiT, romelsac beTlemi ewodeba. mtkvris marjvena 

napiras, swored samxreTiT aRmarTulia Taboris saxeliT 

cnobili mTa. masze idga fericvalebis eklesia... mcxe- 

Tidan CrdiloeTiT, samxreT-aRmosavleTiT, ...mdebareobs 

egreT wodebuli beTania~ (kekeliZe 1957: 362). r. siraZe 

miuTiTebs, rom analogiebi mravlad gamovlinda da aisaxa 

`ninos cxovrebaSi~. xolo, radgan mrovelis redaqcias 

misdevs gulaberisZec, Sesabamisad, gvxvdeba `sveticxovlis 

sakiTxavSic~. yvelaze mniSvnelivani isaa, rom ìerusalimSia 

qristes saflavi, mcxeTaSi ki daflulia kvarTi 

uflisa. mcxeTa saxea e.w. `zeciuri ierusalimisa~, amitom 

analogiebi sulieri simbolikis Sinaarss Seicavs...aq um- 

Tavres wyvileul saxeebs qmnian jvari vazisa da sveticxoveli, 

mayvlovani da `samoTxe~, armazis mTa da `borcvi 

juarisa~, `zemo~ da `qvemo~ eklesiebi, aqvea bibliuri sakulto 

mTebi: gebeli da garizani~ (siraZe 1987: 100). 

qristes saflavis mcxeTuri analogiis _ kvarTis adgili 

ucnobia ninos Semosvlamde, es adgili swored mas mieniS- 

244

neba saswaulebrivad. mniSvnelovania, rom Tuki manamde 

sakvirvelmoqmedebs kvarTi, taZris aSenebis Jams mas cvlis 

sveti, xolo Semdeg _ taZari, romelic amTlianebs samive 

xats, moicavs Tavis TavSive samive siwmindes, zegardamoqsovil 

sauflo kvarTs, cxovel svetsa da sakuTriv eklesias. 

mxolod am SemTxvevaSi, eklesia SeiZleba orgvarad 

gaviazroT da binaruli datvirTva mivceT: eklesia _ 

sveticxoveli da eklesia _ axaldafuZnebuli, samociqulo. 

mcxeTa _ zeciuri ierusalimis amgvarad gaazreba 

saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi qristianuli samyaros winaSe 

qarTveli eris mier sakuTari misiis gacnobierebas ukav- 

Sirdeba. msjelobis amgvarad warmarTva Zalze logikuri 

SedegiT _ qarTveli eris sazepuro erad, axal ierusalimad 

wodebiT sruldeba. am ideis RerZi ki swored mcxeTaSi 

dafluli kvarTia, romelzec gamobrwyinda sveti da romelzec 

aigo sakvirveli taZari _ sveticxoveli, romelic, 

erTi mxriv, mociqulTa saxelobisaa, xolo meore mxriv, 

qarTvelTa sionadac iwodeba. jer kidev VII-VIII saukuneebSi 

ioane sabanisZem Camoayaliba erovnuli TviTSegnebis msoflmxedvelobrivi 

koncefcia, sadac qristianuli samyaros 

yureSi moqceul qarTvel ers sarwmunoebrivi aRmsareblobiTa 

da RvTis winaSe gaRebuli RvawliT berZnebs 

uTanasworebs * (àra xolo berZenTa sarwmunoebaÁ ese RvTisamieri 

moipoves, aramed Cuenca, SorielTa amaT mkvidrTa~, 

Zeglebi 1964: 55), xolo qarTls im madlis gamo, romelic 

mis wiaRSi damkvidrebulT qristesTvis Rvawlis survils 

aRuZravs, dedad wmidaTa uwodebs. giorgi merCule qarTvel 

bagrationTa genialogiur Stos daviT mefsalmunes 

* Tuki ioane sabanisZe berZnebs qarTvelebs uTanasworebs, gelaTis skolis 

avtori _ gulaberisZe qarTvelTa da berZenTa naTesavis xasiaTsa da 

Tvisebebs warmoaCens da sruliad gansxvavebul pozicias gvTavazobs: mas, 

rogorc elinofil avtors, moswons berZenTa tradicia, xedavs qarTvelTa 

da berZenTa gansxvavebul Tvisebebs da ara mxolod axasiaTebs, aramed, erT 

SemTxvevaSi ninos Semosvlas gvixsnis qarTvelTa mZvinvare da uglimi xasiaTiT, 

sxvagan wuxs, rom qarTvelTa naTesavs ara aqvs Cveva `samecniero da 

safilosofosoTa saqmeTa gamoZiebisa~ da a.S. rogorc zemoTac aRvniSneT, 

berZenTa naTesavis amgvari warmoCena gulaberisZis mier `sveticxovlis 

sakiTxavis~ daTariRebis erT-erT argumentad gvesaxeba. amave dros, imave 

momentebiT ukeT warmoCndeba, rom qarTvelTa sazepuro erad gamorCeva uflis 

gangebulebaa da ara qarTveli eris damsaxureba (amitomac, miuxedavad 

ragvarobisa, swored qarTlebrTa naTesavs uwodebs gulaberisZe sazepuro 

ers, kvarTis, svetisa da sveticxovlis taZris mflobels). 

245

da, Sesabamisad, macxovars, ukavSirebs (`daviT winaswarmetyvelisa 

da uflisa mier cxebulisa Svilad wodebulo 

xelmwifeo~, _ mimarTavs grigoli aSot kurapalats (Zeglebi 

1964: 262). TumcaRa, usaTuod unda aRvniSnoT, rom 

damkvidrebuli mosazrebis paralelurad es epizodi, zogadad, 

cxebul mefeTa daviT mefsalmunis sulier memkvidreobasac, 

saRvTo madlmosilebasa da mironcxebulobasac 

unda gulisxmobdes. ar ixsenieba sauli, romelic pirveli 

cxebuli mefea, Tumca ara morWmuli xelmwife, samagierod, 

ixsenebs daviTs, romlis StoSic iSva macxovari da romelic 

morWmiT ganagebda israels, Sesabamisad, `pativTan 

erTad patiJicaa~ misi sulieri memkvidreoba). X saukuneSi 

ioane-zosime meoredmosvlis Jams erTa qarTuli eniT 

`gankiTxvas~ winaswarmetyvelebs da mas saxarebiseul lazares 

uwodebs (`saxarebasa Sina amas enasa lazare hqvia~. am 

uCveulo `qebis~ teqstis axsna-gaazreba araerTma mkvlevarma 

scada, Sesabamisad, araerTgvaria Txzulebis simbolikisa 

da saxismetyvelebis axsnac. cxadia, Cven am sakiTxebs 

ar SevexebiT). axali ierusalimis idea sruliad gansxvavebuli 

konteqstiT gelaTis akademiis simboloc gaxda. 

X-XIII saukuneTa sasuliero literatura mesianistur ideas 

Zalumad warmoaCens. gulaberisZesTan meordeba mcxe- 

Tis _ meore ierusalimis idea, romelic epoqis Sesatyvis 

gaazrebas imatebs: eris rCeulobis ideas iZens. Tuki Tavdapirvelad 

meore ierusalimi transformirda gamoTqmad 

axali ierusalimi (rac cvlis Tavdapirvel datvirTvas. 

Tavdapirveli gaazreba ki amgvari iyo: `rogorc aRmosavluri 

saqristianos centria ierusalimi, aseve unda iyos 

mcxeTa saqarTvelosTviso~, (siraZe 1987: 83), TandaTanobiT 

gaCnda qarTvelTa misiis axali axsnac: rogorc Zvel 

aRTqmaSi israeli iyo rCeuli eri, ise qristianobis gavrcelebis 

Semdgom qarTvelTa naTesavi rCeuli, anu 

sazepuro eria. amgvari gaazreba Tavad terminSic aisaxa * 

(aqve unda aRvniSnoT, rom qarTvelTa naTesavi `sazepuro 

eria~, mcxeTa _ àxali ierusalemi~, maSin, roca konstan- 

* n. sulavam sagangebo werili uZRvna termins `sazepuro eri~, sadac Sejamebulia 

yvela is mosazreba, sadac am leqsemisa da saxis gaazrebaa warmodgenili 

da gamoTqmulia sayuradRebo daskvnac X-XIII sk.Ta ZeglebSi misi 

datvirTvis Sesaxeb. 

246

tinepoli _ axali hromi, ierusalimSi igulisxmeba sulieri 

rCeuleba, maSin, roca romSi moiazreba mxolod kulturul-politikuri 

Zalmosileba). cxadia, Cven ar SevexebiT 

leqsemis genezisis sakiTxs. CvenTvis sayuradRebo agiografiul 

da bibliur teqstebSi misi datvirTva da simboluri 

gaazrebaa. termini sazepuro eri araerT sasuliero 

TxzulebaSi gvxvdeba: `ninos cxovreba~, àbdulmesiani~, 

`daviT da konstantines martvilobis~ metafrasuli 

redaqcia, arsen bulmaisimisZis xelTuqmneli xatis sagalobelni 

da a.S. 

sazepuros mniSvnelobis gansazRvraSi gansakuTrebuli 

roli eniWeba bibliis qarTuli Targmanis monacemebs, 

romelTa mixedviT sazepurod israelia miCneuli... gamosvl., II 

Sjulisa da I mefeTa wignebSi israeli moixsenieba sazepurod: 

`da aw ukueTu smeniT isminoT xmisa Cemisa da daicvaT 

aRTqumaÁ Cemi, iyvneT Cemda er sazepuro yovelTagan na- 

TesavTa, rameTu Cemi ars yoveli queyana~ (gamoslv. 19,5); 

`xolo ufalman ara ganiSoros eri Tvisi saxelisa misisaTvis 

didisa, rameTu Segiwynarna Tquen ufalman da gamogir- 

Cia Tquen erad sazepurod~ (I mefeTa, 12, 22); `gamogirCia 

ufalman...raÁTa iyo Sen misa erad sazepurod (II Sjul. 6,7)~ 

(sulava 2004: 22). ras niSnavs bibliuri gaazrebiT rCeuloba? 

gamosvlaTas moxmobil muxls mosdevs kidev erTi 

axsna: `xolo Tquen iyvneT Cemda sameufo, mRdeloba, naTesav 

wmida. ese sityuani hrqune ZeTa israelisaTa~ (gam. 19, 

6). rogorc Cans, ufali rCeulobas israels mxolod mcnebaTa 

midevnis, sjulis aRsrulebis SemTxvevaSi aRuTqvams 

(amitomve mimarTavs: ukueTu isminoT...), TumcaRa, rogorc 

bibliis Zveli TargmanebisTvis iyo damaxasiaTebeli, termini 

unificirebuli ar aris, mdgradi SesatyvisiT ar gadmodis 

da Seesabameba xan `Sens (uflis) Zeebs~, xanac ìahves 

xalxs~. CvenTvis sayuradReboa, rom bibliis gelaTur 

redaqciaSi `sazepuros~ nacvlad, rogorc wesi, gvaqvs 

ìyvneT erad Cemda~ da, rac Zalze damafiqrebelia, mxolod 

or xelnawerSi (A179 1669 wl.-sa da A51 XII-XVIII sk.-ebisa! es 

ukanaskneli sabas redaqciadaa cnobili) * dasturdeba SesityvebiT 

èri sazepuro~. amave dros, K14-s mTargmneli da 

* es Zalze sayuradReboa, radgan sakiTxavis xelnawerebic swored am periods 

ganekuTvneba. SesaZloa kvlavac gviani gadamwer-redaqtorebis kvalic 

ikiTxebodes. 

247

gelaTis katenebiani bibliis erT-erTi avtori (Tu gadamweri) 

erTi da igive piri Cans. magram Tuki SesaZloa, rom 

orive Zegli daukavSirdes nikoloz gulaberisZes (rac 

mecnierTa Soris ukve gamoTqmuli varaudia, meliqiSvili 

1996: 18-22), usaTuod damafiqrebelia, rom `sveticxovlis 

sakiTxavi~ da gelaTis biblia `sazepuro eris~ terminad 

xmarebis TvalsazrisiT gansxvavebas gviCvenebs. èbraul 

teqstSi sazepuro Seesabameba sityvas `segilla~, RmerTis 

Zirfasi sakuTreba, berZnulSi _ laoc periousiouc, gamorCeuli, 

saukeTeso, aRmatebuli, araCveulebrivi xalxi~ (sulava 

2004: 22). niSandoblivia, rom bibliis muxli sabas mieraa 

Sesworebuli. Tavad sulxan-saba sazepuros amgvar axsnas 

gvTavazobs: `zeciuri purismte, RvTiuri purisa da madlis 

moziare~. es termini `qarTlis cxovrebaSic~ (swored 

leonti mrovelTan!) gvxvdeba: òi, dedao Cemo, ara ugulebelvyo 

eri igi sazepuro ufros yovelTa naTesavTa, 

meoxebiTa SeniTa maTTuis~ (qàrTlis cxovreba~ 1955: 38). 

nikoloz gulaberisZesTan ki vkiTxulobT: `winaswarve ganego 

(!) saxiersa mas amis samefosa erad sazepurod Semzadeba 

da vinaTgan nawilica iyo yovladwmidisa RvTismSoblisa, 

amisTvis ufrosRa Rirs iqmna amas saSinelsa madlsa ese 

kedari, amisTvisca ukue winaswarve warmoavlina madli Rv- 

Taebisa misisa, raTa pirveladve daiwindos kuarTiTa miT 

da madliTa RvTaebisa misisaTa~ (sabinini 1882: 77). safiqrebelia, 

rom sazepuro terminad nikoloz gulaberisZesTan 

an `qarTlis cxovrebidan~ gadavida, an kvlavac saqme gvaqvs 

teqstis gviani gadamwerebis mier SecvlasTan (swored XVII 

saukunis CasworebebTan, rac moulodneli ara aris, radgan 

Zeglma swored aseTi saxiT moaRwia Cvenamde). TumcaRa, aq 

mniSvnelovania Tavad mesianuri idea. israels unda daecva 

mcneba, rom yofiliyo rCeuli eri; eris rCeuloba, axal 

ierusalimad RvTisave gangebulebiT qarTvelTa naTesavis 

moazreba kvarTis ierusalimidan mcxeTas CamobrZanebi- 

Tac gamoixata, risTvisac mirian mefe sagangebod aRavlens 

locvas (sabinini 1882: 97-98). uflis gangebulebiT, 

qarTvelTaTvis rCeulobis sawindari ara RvTis mcneba- 

Ta midevna, aramed RvTismSoblis wilxvdomilebaa. amave 

dros, umniSvnelovanesia, rom qarTveli eris sazepuro 

248

erad gamorCeva, RvTisave gangebulebiT, mis gaqristianebamde 

kvarTis CamobrZanebiTa da `samoelis Zalis~ qarTlis 

SuagulSi _ warmarTuli qarTlis centrSi _ mcxeTa- 

Si daflviT _ damarcxebiT ganisazRvra: `xolo amisica 

saTanado ars TqmaÁ, raÁTa TÂT mebr eSmaknica mTavrisa 

mis da mamisa maTisa Tana ZarRv SeWril da mobryvilebul 

iqmnen. pirvelve ukuÀ amisTÂs warmoavlina wmidaÁ igi 

kuarTi naTeli naTelTa yovelTa mflobelisa cecxlisa 

mis RuTaebisa guamsa Semcueli da damfarveli, raTa ukuÀ 

dedasa mas qadaqTasa saSual mdebareobiTa viTarca cecxli 

mucelsa Sina STagdebuli mZafriad uwyalod scvides 

samoels~ (sabinini 1882: 77). aqve erTi aspeqtic unda gamovkveToT, 

romelzedac nikoloz gulaberisZe amaxvilebs 

yuradRebas: mcxeTisa da qarTlis (qarTvelTa naTesavis) 

_ sazepuro eris èSmakTa sakrvelTagan~ gaTavisufleba 

(gansxvavebiT gamorCevisgan) moxdeba ara kvarTis qarTlSi 

SemosvlisTanave, aramed mxolod qarTvelTa moqcevisa da 

eklesiis Senebis Semdeg, e.i. mxolod mas Semdeg, rac ganiwmindeba 

eri da uflis gangebulebasa da nebas eris nebac 

daemTxveva (sabinini 1882: 88-89). 

Zalze sainteresoa, ra datvirTva aqvs ers Sesityveba- 

Si `sazepuro eri~ da ra leqsemas mimarTavs gulaberisZe 

dRevandeli eris mniSvnelobiT? vxvdebiT or ZiriTad 

termins _ ersa da naTesavs, TumcaRa erTgan gvaqvs terminic 

tomi. davakvirdeT magaliTebs: ùglimi naTesavi~ (sabinini 

1882: 72), `Tayuanisscemdes yovelnive igi erni~ (sabinini 

1882: 73), nino `tiroda ... tyue qmnilobisaTvis erisa 

mis ugulisxmosa~ (sabinini 1882: 73), `ganxrwnes eri Seni~ 

(sabinini 1882: 73), gamovida `mirian mefe yovlisa erisa 

Tana~ (74), èvedreboda, raiTa moxednes wyalobiT ersa mas 

SecTomilsa~ (sabinini 1882: 74), èsua mas deda tomisagan 

eli mRudlisa~ (sabinini 1882: 76), `winaswarve ganego saxiersa 

mas amis samefosa erad sazepurod Semzadeba~ (sabinini 

1882: 77), `saqme didi ganisma ...da sacnaur eqmna...yovelsa 

ersa~ (sabinini 1882: 77), `xolo Cueneba ese moaswavebda 

erisa mis Savisa da dabnelebulisa naTlisRebisa mier 

coduaTa ganspetakebasa, romelica ese mciredTa dReTa 

Semdgomad ufalman saqmiT gamoaCina, rameTu yoveli igi 

249

eri wmidisa ninos mier wylisagan aRmoSobiTa ganspetaknes~ 

(sabinini 1882: 78), `hyves Svidni dedani, naTesaviT uriani~ 

(sabinini 1882: 78), `mteri igi naTesavisa Cuenisa samoel ampartavnebiTa 

da zuaobiTa borotad daeca~ (sabinini 1882: 

82), `yoveli eri SemsWualul iyo xeduasa missa~ (sabinini 

1882:83), `dedofali yovlisa mis erisa Tana sixaruliT 

aqebdes~ (sabinini 1882: 83), `moaxlebul ars Jami warwymedisa 

maTisa da amaT naTesavTa maTgan gaTavisuflebisa~ 

(sabinini 1882: 89), `qristianobisa ebgurad Rirsa qmnil 

ersa zeda sazepurosa wyaloba auracxelisa RvTisagan~ 

(sabinini 1882: 95) da a.S. amTaviTve SeiZleba davaskvnaT, 

rom tomi moxmobil magaliTSi niSnavs Stos (`tomisagan 

eli mRudelisa~ _ eli mRvdlis Stosgan). swored amgvaradaa 

Sesworebuli gelaTis bibliis `ricxvTa~ wignSi sxva 

redaqciebis `naTesavi~. moxmobili magaliTebidan gamomdinare, 

naTesavi modgmas unda aRniSnavdes, xolo eri 

xalxsac (xalxis simravlesac) da modgmasac. bibliaSi eri 

da warmarTi opoziciuri wyvilia, romelTagan eri yovelTvis 

RvTis rCeul xalxs _ israels aRniSnavs (meliqiSvili 

1999: 212). gelaTis katenebiani bibliis erT-erT sqolioSi 

tomisa da eris urTierTmimarTeba amgvaradaa warmoCenili: 

`tomi umetes gareSemcvelobiTi ars ufroÁs, 

vidre saxeli erisaÁ, vidremdis iyos tomobaÁ, vidremde 

geTsonisi saxelad, xolo misgan STamoslvaÁ _ erad ZeTa 

misTaÁ~ (A1108, f. 38r, Q1152, f. 94r). am SeniSvnaSi saintereso 

isaa, rom eri aq gagebulia ara rogorc zogadad `xalxi~, 

`krebuli~, aramed swored misi axali, Tanamedrove mniSvnelobiT~ 

(meliqiSvili 1999: 213). SesaZloa davuSvaT, rom 

`sazepuro erSic~ eri gulisxmobs swored am terminis Tanamedrove 

gaazrebas (èri aris istoriulad Camoyalibebuli 

myari erToba, warmoSobili enis, teritoriis, ekonomiuri 

cxovrebisa da im fsiqikuri wyobis erTobis bazaze, 

romlis gamoxatulebaa kulturis erToba~, meliqiSvili 

1999: 23). rogorc Cans, `sazepuro ers~ swored religiursimboluri 

da politikur-ideologiuri terminis datvirTva 

aqvs. nikoloz gulaberisZe, erTi mxriv, qarTvel 

moRvaweTa tradicias agrZelebs da sami urTierTganmapirobebeli 

siwmindis _ kvarTis, svetisa da sakvirvelmoq- 

250

medi eklesiis madlmosilebis gamo qarTvel ers rCeul 

ers, axal ierusalims, sazepuro ers uwodebs (ufro metic, 

Tavadac qmnis axali ierusalimis xats). xolo, meore mxriv, 

elinofil avtorad rCeba da ar aviwydeba im RirsebaTa jerovnad 

Sefaseba, rac berZenTa naTesavisTvis miumadlebia 

ufals. amave dros, arc wminda ninos Rvawlis damakninebelTa 

gafrTxileba rCeba uyuradRebod: `daiyavn piri 

borotad da amaod damakninebeli qadagebisa da moqcevisa 

CuenisaTÂs bunebisa mier dedobrivisa, aramed ufroÁsad 

da umetesad vmoxarulobdeTca da vmoqalaqobdeT myuedrebelTa 

maT CuenTa mimarT ugunurebis momzraxTao~, radgan 

swored is aris Cveni eklesiis Rirseba, rac sxvaTagan 

misi pativis damaknineblad gamxdara. 

damowmebani: 

aleqsiZe 2007: aleqsiZe z. `moqcevai qarTlisai~. Tb.: 2007. 

akaki 1958: akakis TxzulebaTa sruli krebuli 15 tomad. t.VIII, Tb.: 

sabWoTa saqarTvelo, 1958. 

bezaraSvili 2004: bezaraSvili q. ritorikisa da Targmanis Teoria da 

praqtika. Tb. 2004. 

enciklopedia 1991: bibliis enciklopedia or tomad. t. II, m.: `centurioni~, 

1991. 

TamaraSvili 1995: TamaraSvil m. qarTuli eklesia dasabamidan 

dRemde. gamosac. moamzada z. aleqsiZem. Tb.: 1995. 

kakabaZe 1966: kakabaZe s. SoTa rusTaveli da misi vefxistyaosani. Tb.: 

ganaTleba, 1966. 

kekeliZe 1951: kekeliZe k. Zveli qarTuli mwerlobis istoria. t. I, 

Tb.: stalinis saxelobis saxelmwifo universitetis gam-ba, 1951. 

kekeliZe 1957: kekeliZe k. etiudebi Zveli qarTuli literaturis istoriidan. 

t. IV, Tb.: 1957. 

leqsikoni-cnobari 1984: qarTuli mwerloba leqsikoni-cnobari. 

wigni I, Tb.: `ganaTleba~, 1984. 

locvani 2004: fsalmunni da locvani. Tb.: àkriani~ 2004. 

meliqiSvili 1996: meliqiSvili d. gelaTis saliteraturo skolis 

enobrivi stilis erTianobisa da individualurobis sakiTxisaTvis. 

Jurn. gelaTis mecnierebaTa akademiis uwyebani, № 2, 1996. 

meliqiSvili 1999: meliqiSvili d. Zveli qarTuli filosofiur-Teologiuri 

terminologiis istoriidan. Tb.: `logosi~, 1999. 

metreveli 1998: metreveli e. aTonis qarTvelTa monastris saaRape 

wigni. Tb.: 1998. 

metreveli 2000a: metreveli r. saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqebi. 

Tb.: nekeri; 2000. 

251

metreveli 2000b: metreveli r. saqarTvelos mefeebi. Tb.: nekeri; 

2000. 

niJaraZe 1962: niJaraZe b. svanuri miTebi. t.I., Tb.: 1962. 

sabinini 1882: sabinini m. saqarTvelos samoTxe, nikoloz gulaberisZis 

`sveticxovlis sakiTxavi~, 

siraZe 1992: siraZe r. qristianuli kultura da qarTuli mwerloba 

Tb.: 1992. 

siraZe 1987: siraZe r. qarTuli agiografia. Tb.: `nakaduli~, 1987. 

sulava 2004: sulava n. terminis `sazepuro eri~ interpretaciis- 

Tvis, Jurn. literatura da xelovneba, I, Tb.: 2004. 

qadagiZe 2001: qadagiZe. Tamar mefisdroindeli matiane. Tb.: 2001. 

`qarTlis cxovreba~ 1955: s. yauxCiSvilis redaqciiT, t.I, saxelgami, 

Tb.: 1955. 

qxa I,2: 1976: qarTul xelnawerTa aRweriloba. k. kekeliZis saxelobis 

qarTul xelnawerTa institutis gamocema. Tb.: 1976. 

RvTismsaxuris...1989: didmowame ipolite romaelis sityva RvTis 

gancxadebaze. RvTismsaxuris samagido wigni, oTx tomad. t. I, m.: 1989. 

CxartiSvili 2007: CxartiSvili m. hierotopia `wminda ninos 

cxovrebaSi~. literaturaTmcodneobis Tanamedrove problemebi 

(masalebi). Tb.: 2007. 

cxadaZe... 1960: cxadaZe q. ucnobi avtoris `ninos cxovreba~. kr.: k. 

kekeliZe _ 80, Tb.: 1960. 

Zveli qarTuli...1978: Zveli qarTuli literaturis Zeglebi. `msoflio 

literaturis biblioTeka~, red. iv. lolaSvili. Tb.: gamomc. `sabW. 

saqarTvelo~, 1978. 

Zeglebi 1964: Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi. 

t.I, Tb.: 1964. 

WeliZe ed. 1998: WeliZe ed. ioane petriwis cxovreba da moRvaweoba. 

J. religia, I-II, 1998. 

javaxiSvili 1983: javaxiSvili iv. qarTveli eris istoria. t. II, Tb.: 

1983. 

Ekaterine Chikvaidze 

252 

Nikoloz Gulaberisdze’s “Miracles of Svetiskhoveli” 

and the Life of St. Nino 

Summary 

One of the editions of Saint Nino’s Life is included in the collection 

of works known as Kartlis Tskhoreba (The History of Kartli 19 55:72- 

130) by Leonti Mroveli, historian of the 2 nd half of the 11 th century. Later, 

in the 2 nd half of the 12 th century this was the very edition of the life of 

virgin enlightener of Apostolic Standing that Nikoloz Gulaberisdze used

in the Miracles of Setitskhoeli (Sabinini 1882:69-119), therefore the 

piece is notable in respect of evaluation of St. Nino’s ordeals as well. 

Gulaberisdze is the author of Tamar’s epoch who not only describes but 

also ealuates Nino – a lady and the enlightener of Georgians. It must be 

mentioned from very beginning that Gulaberisdze did not have the objective 

of depicting St. Nino’s life. The work has an entirely different goal. 

K. Kekelidze indicates that “in this work Ninoloz’s aim was to describe 

the miracles of Svetitskhoveli during the conversion of Georgians and 

onwards. Since the Svetitskhoveli story occupies a central place in Nino’s 

life it is self-eident that the author could not bypass the description of 

Nino’s life” (Kekelidze 19 51:298). Miracles of Svetitskhoveli has the 

following composition: 1. Preface; 2. Founding of Orthodox Apostolic 

Church in Kartli (Saint Nino’s life – story about the obe; miracles of the 

pillar (“Seti”) and Setitskhoeli)); 3. Eulogizing Setitskhoeli. Miracles 

of Svetitskhoveli is divided in three notional sections in linguistic 

and stylistic respect as well. These are: preface (introduction), Nino’s life 

and Nino’s later miracles (“Gikharodenit”). Miracles of Svetitskhoveli is 

a homiletic genre work, namely, it is a festive sermon. Although a fairly 

long episode from Saint Nino’s life is included in the work we can not 

say that the icon of the saint is established. For the author not the generalization 

of Saint Nino’s ordeals is important, not showing her, for example, 

as an icon, but the result of the ordeals by a Virgin and Enlightener 

of Apostolic Standing – founding of the “Oriental Georgian Orthodox 

Church”. Through the inclusion of Saint Nino’s acts of faith in the work 

Gulaberisdze aims to establish the Svetitskhoveli feast and it is based on 

free compilation. Generally, the compilation in ecclesiastical works is a 

common phenomena, although the one that has not been researched for 

some reason. (The trace of compilation is evident in numerous translated 

or original works). Saint Nino is not a central figure of Gulaberisdze’s 

work. It is not only the ordeal of just and only of the enlightener of Georgians’ 

(despite K. Kekelidze’s indication that the work provides an “interpretation 

and evaluation of Nino’s ordeal and her life in Georgia”) that 

is depicted in the piece, Nikoloz bases this interpretation and evaluation 

on the goal of the compilation of the Svetitskhoveli Miracles. (Kekelidze 

1951: 105). 

253

darejan menabde 

254 

Targmanebi 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ ucxour enebze 

qarTuli mwerlobis erT-erTi uZvelesi Zegli `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁ~ ramdenime ucxour enazea Targmnili. 

winamdebare naSromi `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ Targmanebisa 

da wminda ninos Sesaxeb ucxour enebze gamoqveynebuli 

masalebis Tavmoyra-mimoxilvis cdaa. rasakvirvelia, erT 

naSromSi mTeli masalis srulyofilad damuSaveba Seu- 

Zlebelia. Cveni mizani arcaa calkeuli gamokvlevebisa Tu 

Targmanebis Sefaseba; es momavlis saqmea. amjerad Cveni 

amocanaa ucxour enebze dastambuli masalis aRnusxvaklasifikacia. 

naSromi, rogorc iTqva, Semoifargleba `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁs~ TargmanebiT, agreTve im gamokvlevebiTa 

Tu gamocemebiT, romlebic wminda ninos Sesaxeb daibeWda 

ucxour enebze. enciklopediebsa da leqsikonebSi 

daculi masalebis Seswavla ki samomavlo saqmed gvesaxeba. 

aq warmodgenilia yvela is masala, romelzec xeli migviwvda 

– rusul, germanul, frangul, inglisur, italiur, 

polonur, ungrul da berZ-nul enebze gamoqveynebuli 

Targmanebi da gamokvlevebi. 

cnobebi wminda ninosa da saqarTvelos gaqristianebis 

Sesaxeb adreve gvxvdeba rusul wyaroebSi. t. ruxaZis 

mixedviT, `wm. ninos cxovreba~ rusul mwerlobaSi sami 

versiiTaa cnobili: matianiseuli (1512 w.), prolog-svinaqsarisa 

(27 oqtombris `sakiTxavi~) da stefane aTonelis 

`Рай мысленный~-Si CarTuli (1659 w.)~ (ruxaZe 1961: 113-115). 

magram gansakuTrebul dainteresebas wminda ninos Temisadmi, 

cnobil istoriul garemoebaTa gamo, rusebi XIX saukunidan 

iCenen; wminda ninos saxeli ixsenieba TiTqmis yvela 

saeklesio kalendarSi, ibeWdeba wminda ninos `cxovrebis~ 

sxvadasxva varianti, umetesad gardaTqma-perifrazebi. 

XIX saukunis 40-iani wlebidan rusul gamocemebSi gaCnda 

wminda ninos cxovrebis mokle aRwerilobebi, romlebic

us mkiTxvels warmodgenas uqmnida saqarTvelos gaqristianebisa 

da wminda ninos Sesaxeb (Воскреснее чтение 1841: 

294-296; selezniovi 1844 a : 31-33; selezniovi 1844 b : 33-34; 

ioseliani 1845; yifiani 1849). 

Cvens xelT arsebuli masalebiT irkveva, rom `wm. ninos 

cxovrebis~ yvelaze adrindeli rusuli Targmani ekuTvnis 

cnobil sazogado moRvawes dimitri yifians (1811-1887). 

`Нина – Просветительница Грузии~ (`nino _ saqarTvelos ganmanaTlebeli~) 

gamoqveynda 1849 wels, mTargmnelis winasityvaobiTa 

da komentarebiT (yifiani 1849). `nino _ saqarTvelos 

ganmanaTlebeli~, faqtobrivad, ninos mier qarTlis 

moqcevis gviandeli redaqciis Targmania. d. yifianis 

Targmanze darTul komentarebSi aris cda zogierTi wyaroseuli 

cnobisa Tu adre gamoTqmul calkeul TvalsazrisTa 

dazusteba-gadasinjvisa. 

XIX saukunis 50-ian wlebSi sanqt-peterburgSi ibe- 

Wdeboda `Жития святых Российской церкви, также иверских и 

славянских~ (`ruseTis eklesiis, agreTve iverTa da slavTa 

wmindanebis cxovrebani~) (muraviovi 1860: 367-379: 367- 

379), romelSic 1856-1860 wlebSi gamoqveynda saqarTvelos 

eklesiis TiTqmis yvela wmindanis cxovreba-wamebaTa mokle 

aRwerilobebi. am krebulebis Semdgeneli iyo andria 

nikolozis Ze muraviovi (1806-1874), mwerali da mecnieri, 

kavkasiis mefisnacvlis n. n. muraviovis (karskis) Zma, romelmac 

Seiswavla saqarTvelos siZveleni da aRwera wignSi 

`Грузия и Армения~ (sxvaTa Soris, a. muraviovi am wignSic exeba 

saqarTvelos gaqristianebisa da wm. ninos Temas) (muraviovi 

1848). aRniSnul krebulebSi ibeWdeboda `Житие 

св. Нины, просветительницы Грузии~ (`saqarTvelos ganmanaTleblis 

wm. ninos cxovreba~). es gamocemebi imdroindel 

ruseTSi popularobiT sargeblobda: `Сочинения Муравева 

были первыми на русском языке книгами духовного содержания, 

получившими распространение в среде высшего русского общества~ 

(brokhauzi... 1897: 189). 

aRniSnulma gamocemebma, Cans, ruseTSi kidev ufro gazarda 

interesi saqarTvelos gaqristianebis sakiTxebisa 

da wminda ninos misioneruli moRvaweobisadmi, rasac mowmobs 

is wignebi, romlebic mravlad ibeWdeboda moskovSi, 

255

peterburgsa da sxva qalaqebSi. 

1886 wels moskovSi daibeWda wigni: `Житие святой 

равноапостольной Нины, просветительницы Грузии~ (`cxovreba 

saqarTvelos ganmanaTleblis, mociqulTa sworis wm. ninosi~) 

(`cxovreba saqarTvelos....~ 1886), romelSic moTxrobilia 

ara marto wminda ninos cxovrebisa da saqarTvelos 

gaqristianebis istoria. es wigni rus mkiTxvels acnobs 

saqarTvelos, RvTismSoblis wilxvedr qveyanas, sadac 

Tavad RvTismSobelma gamogzavna qristianobis gasavrceleblad 

mociqulTa swori qali. wigns axlavs damateba, 

romelSic gadmocemulia saqarTvelos istoriis calkeuli 

momentebi, wminda ninos jvris saqarTvelodan gatanisa 

da Semdeg ukan dabrunebis istoria. amis Semdeg `wm. ninos 

cxovreba~ rusul enaze ramdenjerme zedized gamoica 

odesaSi (`cxovreba saqarTvelos...~ 1890; 1894; 1900; 1915). 

es iyo saeklesio gamocemebi _ gankuTvnili morwmuneTaTvis, 

Sedgenili 1886 wlis moskovuri gamocemis mixedviT. 

rusulenovani mkiTxvelisaTvis wminda ninosa da sxva 

qarTvel wmindanTa cxovreba-moRvaweobis gacnobaSi 

gansakuTrebulia m. sabininis damsaxureba. mixeil (gobron) 

sabinini (1845-1900) iyo mwerali, sazogado moRvawe, 

saqarTvelos siZveleTa kargi mcodne da mkvlevari. 1882 

wels sanqt-peterburgSi man dabeWda wigni `saqarTvelos 

samoTxe~, romelSic pirvelad warmodga sruli saxiT 

V-XVIII saukuneebis qarTuli hagiografia. sxva TxzulebebTan 

erTad wignSi Setanilia leonti mrovelis `ninos 

cxovreba~ (sabinini 1882: 119-152) da `daujdomeli wmidisa 

da mociqulisa ninasi~ (sabinini 1882: 156-167), magram ufro 

adre, _ jer kidev 1870-ian wlebSi, _ m. sabininma rusul 

enaze gamosca `Полное жизнеописание святых грузинской церкви~ 

(`saqarTvelos eklesiis wmindanebis cxovrebaTa sruli 

aRweriloba~), romelic sam nawilad daibeWda sanqt-peterburgSi 

(avtoriseuli gamocema) (sabinini 1871; 1872; 1873). 

am gamocemam Tavis droze mniSvnelovani roli Seasrula, 

magram Tanamedrove mkiTxvels amgvari Targmanebi ukve ve- 

Rar akmayofilebs (menabde 1992: 115). 

1877 wels gamovida m. sabininis kidev erTi wigni: `История 

грузинской церкви до конца VI века~ (`saqarTvelos eklesiis 

256

istoria VI saukunis dasasrulamde~), romlis meore TavSi 

(`Принятие грузинами христианства~) avtori vrclad msjelobs 

wminda ninosa da saqarTvelos gaqristianebis sakiTxebze 

(sabinini 1877; 2003: 32-65). 

im periodSi rusul enaze qarTvelma mecnierebmac gamoaqveynes 

araerTi naSromi saqarTvelos gaqristianebisa 

da wminda ninos Sesaxeb. esenia: p. ioselianis `Жизнеописание 

святых, прославляемых православною грузинскою церковью~ (ioseliani 

1850), d. furcelaZis `О праздниках, установленных 

православною грузинскою церковью~ (furcelaZe 1862), a. xaxanaSvilis 

`Очерки по истории грузинской словесности~ (xaxanaSvili 

1897), m. janaSvilis `История грузинской церкви~ (janaSvili 

1898), i. javaxiSvilis `Проповедническая деятельность 

апостола Андрея и св. Нины в Грузии~ (javaxiSvili 1901) da 

sxv. 

es epoqa imiTac iyo mniSvnelovani, rom ruseTis sazogadoebisaTvis, 

rusi mkiTxvelisTvis qarTuli mwerlobis 

gacnobis mizniT XIX saukunis dasasruls mTargmnelobiT 

saqmianobaSi CaerTvnen cnobili qarTveli mecnierebi. magaliTad, 

a. cagarelma rusul enaze Targmna `sibrZne sicruisa~ 

(1878), n. marma _ `petre iberis cxovreba~ (1869), 

i. javaxiSvilma `balavariani~ (1899), e. TayaiSvilma `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁ~ (1900) da a. S. (menabde 1992: 111). miuxedavad 

imisa, rom rusul enaze wminda ninos Sesaxeb ukve 

bevri wigni arsebobda, e. TayaiSvilis Rvawli ganuzomelia 

qarTuli mwerlobis umniSvnelovanesi Zeglis _ `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁs~ _ popularizaciis saqmeSi. 

1890 wels eqvTime TayaiSvilma (1863-1953) qarTul enaze 

gamoaqveyna Tavisi fundamenturi gamokvleva `sami istoriuli 

xronika~ (TayaiSvili 1890), romlis SedgenilobaSi 

Sedioda `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁc~. v. donduas sityviT, àrsebiTad 

amiT daiwyo TayaiSvilma Tavisi mravalwlovani 

samecniero sarbieli da amiTve daasrula... ukve pirveli 

cda misi beWdviTi gamosvlisa... saintereso Cans da erTgvari 

samanis damdebia misi SemoqmedebiTi cxovrebis gzaze~ 

(dondua 1966: 60). 

esmoda ra `sami xronikis~ didi mniSvneloba saqarTvelos 

istoriisaTvis, mkvlevarma igi rusulad Targmna 

257

da 1900 wels kidec dabeWda cnobil organoSi `Сборник 

материалов для описания местностей и племён Кавказа~, вып. X, 

VIII (TayaiSvili 1900: 1-126). imave wels es naSromi calke 

wignad daibeWda. al. baramiZis azriT, e. TayaiSvilis mier 

masalebisa da àRwerilobaTa rusulad Sedgenas albaT 

imanac Seuwyo xeli, rom maTi publikacia ikisra cnobilma 

organom СМОМПК~ (baramiZe 1966: 139). 

e. TayaiSvilis nawerebidan kargad Cans, Tu ra mniSvnelobas 

aniWebda igi am masalebis rusulad Targmnas da 

ramden dros uTmobda samuSaos: `naSromis rusul enaze 

gamocema CemTvis nivTierad sasargeblo iyo (gasamrjelod 

gverdSi TiTo maneTs iZleodnen), magram saqmisaTvis 

sazaralo gamodga: qarTulad rom mekeTebina, yvela xelnaweris 

aRwera-gamocemas movaswrebdi, rusulad Targmnas 

didi dro undoda~ (TayaiSvili 1968: 183). sxvagan ki werda: 

`Cven am naSromis rusul enaze gamocema gadavwyviteT, 

raTa masala xelmisawvdomi yofiliyo aRmosavleTmcodne- 

Ta farTo wreebisaTvis~ (TayaiSvili 1904: 11). 

e. TayaiSvilis mTargmnelobiT principebze Tavisi 

mosazrebebi gamoTqva m. bancaZem. misi dakvirvebiT: 

`rusul TargmanSi, qarTulisagan gansxvavebiT, mocemuli 

ar aris is vrceli, gamokvlevis tolfasi, winasityvaoba, 

sadac e. TayaiSvili msjelobs wyaroTa warmomavlobaze, 

xelnawerebze, arsebul uzustobasa Tu sxva mniSvnelovan 

sakiTxebze. aq samive qronikis mxolod teqstebia mocemuli, 

Tumca sakmaod didi adgili eTmoba sqolioebs, sadac 

e. TayaiSvili cdilobs, rac SeiZleba srulad mimoixilos 

yvela mniSvnelovani sakiTxi, romlebic uSualod aris 

dakavSirebuli teqstTan. am wesiT igi SeZlebisdagvarad 

srulad moicavs qarTuli winasityvaobis mniSvnelovan 

nawils, dakavSirebuls ara marto teqstTan, aramed mis irgvliv 

arsebul sakiTxTanac xelnawerTa aRwerilobis CaTvliT. 

TviTon teqsti `qronikisa~ e. TayaiSvils uTargmnia 

zedmiwevniT zustad, didi gulisyuriT~ (bancaZe 2001: 

132). 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ rusuli Targmanis moculoba 

orjer aRemateba qarTul teqsts, radgan didi adgili aqvs 

daTmobili komentarebs. e. TayaiSvili gansakuTrebul 

258

mniSvnelobas aniWebs Targmnili teqstis sizustes da 

TiTqmis sityvasityviT misdevs dedans. 

oTxmocdaaTi wlis Semdeg `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ e. 

TayaiSviliseuli Targmani gamoica seriiT `Источники по 

истории Грузии~. teqsti gamosacemad moamzada, gamokvleva 

da komentarebi daurTo m. CxartiSvilma (CxartiSvili 

1989). 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ e. TayaiSviliseuli Targmanis 

Sedgeniloba aseTia: [Глава I] ([Tavi: a:]) (CxartiSvili 

1989: 23-30); [Глава II] ([Tavi: b:]) (CxartiSvili 1989: 30-31); 

[Глава III], `Житие святой Нино~ ([Tavi: g:]), `cxorebaÁ wmidisa 

ninoÁsi~ (CxartiSvili 1989: 31-34); Глава IV, `Записанное 

тою же Саломе Уджармели~ (Tavi: d: àRwerili misve salome 

ujarmelisaÁ~) (CxartiSvili 1989: 34-37); Глава VI, `Прибытие 

святой Нино в Мцхета. Записанное тою же Саломе Уджармели~ 

(Tavi: v: `mowevnaÁ wmidisa ninoÁsi mcxeTad, xeTad,eTad, aRwerili mi- 

sive salome ujarmelisaÁ~) (CxartiSvili 1989: 37-40); Глава 

VII, `Описанное женщиной еврейкой по имени Сидония, дочерью 

священника Авиатара~ (Tavi: z: `romeli aRwera dedakacman 

huriaman, uriaman, saxeliT xeliTeliT sidonia, sidonia, asulman asulman abiaTar abiaTar biaTariaTarmRdelisamRdelisa- man~) (CxartiSvili 1989: 40-43); Глава VIII, `Сказанное той же 

Женщиной Сидонией~ (Tavi: À: `Tqumuli sidoniaÁsive dedakacisaÁ~) 

(CxartiSvili 1989: 43-44); Глава IX, `Сказанное ею же~ 

(Tavi: [T:], `Tqumuli misive~) (CxartiSvili 1989: 45-48); Глава 

XI, `Сказанное ею же~ (Tavi: ia: `Tqumuli misive~) (CxartiSvixartiSviartiSvi- 

li 1989: 48-49); Глава XII, `Сказанное Авиатаром, который сперва 

был священником евреев в Мцхета и [потом] принял крещение при 

содействии Нино~ (Tavi: ib:, `romeli Tqua abiaTar, romeli 

iyo yoo pirvel mRdeli baginsaaginsa Sina huriaTasa huriaTasauriaTasa mcxeTas mcxeTas mcxeTas xeTaseTas da da da da nananana- 

na- 

TeliRo Ãelsa Sina ninoÁssa~) (CxartiSvili 1989: 49-50); 

Глава XIII, `О честном кресте, описанное Яковом~, (Tavi: ig: `patiosnisa 

juarisaTÂs, romeli aRwera iakob~) (CxartiSvili 

1989: 51-52); Глава XIV, `Воздвижение и открытие честного креста 

Мцхетского~ (Tavi: id: àRmarTebaÁ patiosnisa juarisauarisamcxx- eTisaÁ da merme kualad gamoCinebaÁ~) (CxartiSvili 1989: 

53-56); [Глава XV], `Письмо, которое написал перед смертью царь 

Грузии Миреан~ ([Tavi: ie: `wigni, romeli dawera mirean mefeman 

qarTlisaman Jamsa sikudilisasa~) (CxartiSvili 1989: 

259

56-58); `Завещание царя Миреана сыну своему Реву и супруге своей 

Нане~ (ànderZi mirean mefisaÁ Zisa TÂsisa mimarT revisa da 

colisa TÂsisa nanaÁsa~ * (CxartiSvili 1989: 58). 

winasityvaobaSi yvaobaSivaobaSibaSiaSi m. m. CxartiSvili CxartiSvili xartiSviliartiSvili aRniSnavs, aRniSnavs, aRniSnavs, rom rom rom `Targ`Targ`Targmani 

Sesrulebulia buliaulia maRalprofesiul doneze, maqsimalu- 

rad axlosaa originalTan da mTlianobaSi baSiaSi dRemde dRemde inarCuinarCu- 

nebs mecnierul Rirebulebas~ (CxartiSvili 1989: 9). 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ e. TayaiSviliseulma Targmanma 

marTlac mniSvnelovani roli Seasrula qarTuli mwerlobis 

popularizaciaSi. am Targmans maRali Sefaseba misces 

n. marma (kavilaZe... 1991) da i. javaxiSvilma (javaxiSvili 

1904: 344-345). aRniSnuli Targmani imiTac gamoirCeoda 

wminda indaninos Sesaxeb Sesaxeb manamdemanamde manamde gamoqveynebuligamoqveynebuli gamoqveynebuli masalebisamasalebisa 

masalebisa- 

masalebisamasalebisamasalebisagan, 

, romiyomaRalprofesiul maRalprofesiul donezedoneze doneze Sesrulebuli Sesrulebuli Sesrulebuli Sesrulebuli samec- samecsamec- 

samecsamec samec- samecniero 

Targmani, romelmac mTeli epoqa Seqmna `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁs~ teqstisrusulenovanirusulenovani mkiTxvelisaTvis mkiTxvelisaTvismkiTxvelisaTvisgacgacgacnobis TvalsazrisiT. 

germaniaSi XVIII saukunis 80-iani wlebidan gaCnda interesi 

qarTuli literaturisadmi. araerTi mecnieri – i. 

adleri, f. alteri, i. adelungi, f. bodenStedti, a. laisti, 

i. Seri, a. baumgartneri, f. finki, o. hauzeri, a. baumStarki 

da sxv. _ Seexo saqarTvelos istoriis, qarTuli kulturisa 

da mwerlobis sakiTxebs (reviSvili 1977: 144-187). 

erT-erTi yvelaze adrindeli gamokvleva 1897 wels daibeWda 

fraiburgSi – aleqsandre baumgartneris `msoflio 

literaturis istoriis~ ortomeuli, romelSic calke Tavadaa 

gamoyofili `qarTuli literatura~ (baumgartneri 

1897: 256-268). wignis sqolioebidan irkveva, rom avtors 

usargeblia m. broses, a. laistisa da d. baqraZis SromebiT. 

a. baumgartneri gadmogvcems uZveles cnobebs mirianis 

mefobis dros saqarTveloSi qristianuli sarwmunoebis 

gavrcelebis Sesaxeb. 

1911 wels gamoqveynda anton baumStarkis naSromi `qar- 

Tuli literatura~, romelSic mimoxilulia qarTuli 

sasuliero mwerloba. aq sxva qarTvel wmindanebTan er- 

* aq da Semdeg `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ Tavebis saxelwodebebi damowmebulia 

wignidan: Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, wigni I 

(V-X ss.), Tb.: 1964. 

260

Tad ixsenieba wminda nino, rogorc qarTveli xalxis ganmanaTlebeli, 

xolo Cveni mwerlobis uZveles ZeglTa Soris 

dasaxelebulia `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~, romelic, a. baumStarkis 

SefasebiT, ùZvirfasesi wyaroa erovnuli istoriis 

adrindeli saukuneebis Sesaswavlad~ (baumStarki 1911: 

99-110). gerhardt deetersis azriT ki, qarTuli mwerlobis 

dasawyisi warmarTobis dacemas da qristianobis gavrcelebas 

unda ukavSirdebodes (deetersi 1963: 129-155) da 

a. S. 

germaniaSi, germanul enaze, ibeWdeboda ara mxolod 

germanel, aramed iq moRvawe qarTvel mecnierTa gamokvlevebic. 

saqarTveloSi qristianuli religiis gavrcelebasa 

da wminda ninos misionerul moRvaweobas exeba cnobili 

saeklesio moRvawis, Teologis, istorikosisa da filologis 

miqel TarxniSvilis (1897-1958) germanul enaze 

gamoqveynebuli naSromebi, romlebSic didi adgili eTmoba 

saqarTvelos eklesiisa da sasuliero mwerlobis istoriis 

Seswavlas. 

Tavis gamokvlevebSi m. TarxniSvili cdilobda evropeli 

mecnierebisa da, saerTod, dainteresebuli mkiTxvelisaTvis 

gaecno saqarTvelos eklesia, kultura, istoria 

da literatura. am TvalsazrisiT sainteresoa misi 

erT-erTi adrindeli naSromi `Das Christentum in Georgien~ 

(`qristianoba saqarTveloSi~) (TarxniSvili 1936), romel- 

Sic mimoxilulia saqarTvelos eklesiis ganviTarebis 

gza. werilSi warmoCenilia wminda ninos istoriuli roli 

saqarTveloSi qristianobis gavrcelebaSi da misi adgili 

saqarTvelos istoriaSi. m. TarxniSvili iqve aRniSnavda, 

rom `...RvTivkurTxeuli moRvaweobis Semdeg wm. nino gardaicvala 

qalaq bodbeSi, aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi, sadac 

igi qristes sjuls qadagebda, da iqve iqna dakrZaluli. mis 

saflavs dRemde did pativs scemen. qarTulma eklesiam wm. 

ninos miakuTvna sapatio saxeli `mociqulTa swori~. mis 

xsenebas dResaswauloben 14 ianvars. RvTisadmi da Tavisi 

xalxisadmi mxurvale siyvarulis niSnad wm. ninom dagvitova 

wminda jvari, romelsac dResac Tayvans scemen morwmuneni 

Tbilisis sakaTedro taZarSi~ (TarxniSvili 1994: 

261

33). 

gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia m. TarxniSvilis naSromebi 

`wminda ninos legenda da qarTuli erovnuli Segnebis istoria~ 

(1940) da `wminda nino, qarTlis ganmanaTlebeli~ 

(1953), romlebSic mkvlevarma araerTi saintereso sakiTxi 

wamoWra. 

werilSi `Die Legende der heiligen Nino und die Geschichte des 

georgischen Nationalbewußtseins~ (`wminda ninos legenda da qar- 

Tuli erovnuli Segnebis istoria~) (TarxniSvili 1940: 40- 

75; TarxniSvili 1994: 104-132), ganixilavs ra qarTul da 

ucxour wyaroebSi dacul cnobebs wminda ninos Sesaxeb, 

avtori askvnis, rom wminda nino istoriuli pirovnebaa da 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ cnobebi sinamdviles Seesabameba. m. 

TarxniSvilis sityviT, `ninos bedi mWidrod iyo dakavSirebuli 

qarTveli eris bedTan. Zvelma warmarTulma Sexedulebam, 

romlis mixedviTac monisa da qalis mniSvneloba 

damdablebuli iyo, nino raRac drois ganmavlobaSi ukana 

planze gadaswia, magram gamoRviZebulma religiurerovnulma 

TviTSegnebam, romelmac qristianul moZRvrebaSi 

adamianTa Tanasworobisa da qalis RirsebisaTvis 

mniSvnelovani dasayrdeni hpova, igi kvlav dagvibruna da 

masTan erTad XII s-is òqros xana~ gvaCuqa~ (TarxniSvili 

1994: 132). iqve mkvlevari ganixilavs n. maris, s. kakabaZis, 

i. javaxiSvilis, k. kekeliZisa da p. peetersis calkeul 

mosazrebebs da ayalibebs sakuTar Sexedulebebs. 

naSromSi `Die heilige Nino, Bekehrerin on Georgien~ (`wminda 

nino – qarTlis ganmanaTlebeli~) (TarxniSvili 1953: 572- 

581; TarxniSvili 1994: 299-308) m. TarxniSvili upirispirdeba 

somex mecniers n. akinians, romelsac tendenciuri 

mosazrebebi hqonda qarTlis gaqristianebasa da wminda 

ninos moRvaweobasTan dakavSirebiT. 

1951 wels `kaTolikuri enciklopediis~ me-6 tomSi 

gamoqveynda miqel TarxniSvilis statia `saqarTvelo~ 

(TarxniSvili 1951: 64-79; 1994: 227-249). statiaSi calke Tavadaa 

gamoyofili qarTuli literatura (III T.), romelSic 

avtorma gamoTqva kidev erTi saintereso mosazreba qarTlis 

moqcevisa da wminda ninos moRvaweobis Taobaze: `VIII 

s-es ganekuTvneba `kolael yrmaTa wameba,~, `wm. abo Tbile- 

262

lis wameba~ da, savaraudoa, leonti mrovelis istoriuli 

nawarmoebic, romelSic Sedis mefeTa cxovreba da qarTlis 

moqceva. moqcevis idea unda miekuTvnebodes diakvan 

grigols, romelic VII s-mde cxovrobda. sxvadasxva variantiT 

SemogvrCa legenda wm. ninos Sesaxeb~ (TarxniSvili 1994: 

235). 

m. TarxniSvilis monawileobiT germanul enaze gamoica 

kidev erTi wigni _ `nino mociquli~. wignis gamomcemeli 

iyo nikoloz janeliZe (1921-1993), m. TarxniSvilis 

erT-erTi mowafe, SemdgomSi hamburgisa da kilis universitetebis 

leqtori. n. janeliZem hamburgis axlos, 

qalaq itcehoeSi, daaarsa gamomcemloba `saqarTvelo~ 

(`georgiSe ferlag `saqarTvelo~), sadac araerTi qarTuli 

wignis Targmani daibeWda germanul enaze (`qarTuli 

zRaprebi~, 1974; `vefxistyaosnis~ Semoklebuli prozauli 

gardaTqma – l. pepe-gegelaSvilTan erTad, 1984 da sxv.). am 

gamomcemlobaSi 1961 wels germanul enaze daibeWda wigni 

`Die Apostolin Nino~ (`nino mociquli~) (`nino mociquli~ 

1961: 53), romelsac, rogorc g. SaraZe wers, safuZvlad 

daedo `cxovrebaÁ da moqalaqeobaÁ Rirsisa da mociqulTa 

sworisa netarisa ninoÁsi~ (SaraZe 1991: 485). ai, ras iuwyeboda 

`kavkasionSi~ gamoqveynebuli mokle anotacia germanuli 

gamocemis Sesaxeb: `yvela wigns Tavisi daniSnuleba 

aqvs. nikoloz janeliZes ganuzraxavs da ganuxorcielebia 

kidec germanelebisaTvis miewodebia nimuSi imisa, Tu saqarTvelo 

dasavleTis kulturasTan rogor iyo gadabmuli, 

da kerZod, qristianobis meoxebiT~ (kavkasioni 1964: 

140). n. janeliZis mier gamocemuli wignakis Sedarebam `ninos 

cxovrebis~ redaqciebTan dagvarwmuna, rom aRniSnuli 

Targmanis safuZvelia XIII saukunis ucnobi avtoriseuli 

redaqcia wminda ninos `cxovrebisa~. 

1958 wels miunxenSi qarTul enaze gamovida mindia la- 

Sauris (1901-1992) wignaki `wm. nino qarTvelTa ganmanaTlebeli 

da qristianobis roli saqarTveloSi~ (laSauri 1958), 

romelSic iv. javaxiSvilis, d. baqraZis, p. ingoroyvas, l. 

meliqseT-begis, mix. wereTlisa da sxvaTa samecniero naSromebis 

safuZvelze Seswavlilia wminda ninos saqarTveloSi 

Semosvlisa da misioneruli moRvaweobis sakiTxe- 

263

i. naSroms axlavs vrceli reziume germanul enaze: `Die 

heilige Nino, die Erleuchterin der Georgier und die olle des Christentums 

in Georgien~ (laSauri 1958: 31-32). 

1975 wels parizSi gamomaval JurnalSi `bedi qarTlisa~ 

(`reviu de karTveloloJi~) gamoqveynda `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ 

germanuli Targmani, Sesrulebuli gertrud pe- 

Cis (1910-1993) mier (peCi 1975: 288-337). Targmanis sruli 

saTauria `Die Bekehrung Georgiens. Mokceay Kartlisay (Verfasser 

unbekannt)~. Targmani moicavs 47 gverds, axlavs mTargmnelis 

orgverdiani winasityvaoba. esaa maRal doneze Sesrulebuli 

mecnieruli Targmani, romlis avtori winasityvaobaSi 

cdilobs, germanulenovan mkiTxvels naTeli 

warmodgena Seuqmnas teqstsa da mis problematikaze; saubrobs 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ Satberdul da WeliSur xelnawerebze, 

qronologiaze, gamocemebsa da gamomcemlebze 

(e. TayaiSvili, s. yubaneiSvili...). iqve mokled mimoxilulia 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ Sesaxeb arsebuli samecniero 

literatura (i. javaxiSvili, k. kekeliZe, p. ingoroyva, m. 

lorTqifaniZe...) da TxzulebasTan dakavSirebuli sxva 

istoriul-literaturuli problemebi. g. peCi sagangebod 

msjelobs saqarTveloSi qristianobis gavrcelebaze, 

wminda ninos misioneruli moRvaweobis mniSvnelobasa da 

ninos kultis aRmocenebaze (peCi 1975: 288-290). 

winasityvaobidanve irkveva, rom Targmani Sesrulebulia 

`Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebis~ 

I tomisa da e. TayaiSviliseuli qarTuli da rusuli 

gamocemebis safuZvelze (peCi 1975: 289), amasTanave, mTargmnels 

gamouyenebia sulxan-saba orbelianis `leqsikoni 

qarTuli~, qarTuli enis ganmartebiTi leqsikoni da sxv. 

(peCi 1975: 290). 

g. peCis Targmanis originalTan Sedareba cxadyofs, 

rom es aris `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ Satberduli redaqciis 

sityvasityviTi Targmani, Sesrulebuli maRali profesionalizmiTa 

da kompetenturobiT. Targmans axlavs mozrdili 

sqolioebi, romlebSic Satberduli redaqciis nakluli 

adgilebi Sevsebulia WeliSuri redaqciis TxrobiT. 

sqolioebSi aseve mocemulia teqstis gansxvavebuli variantebi, 

ganmartebebi da komentarebi. qarTulidan ger- 

264

manul enaze gadatanilia bibliur wyaroTa miTiTebebic, 

rac kidev ufro srulyofil warmodgenas uqmnis mkiTxvels 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ teqstze. sworadaa Targmnili 

pirTa da geografiuli saxelebi, msgavsad originalisa, 

Targmanic dayofilia Tavebad da qveTavebad: Kapitel 1 _ 

[Tavi: a:] (peCi 1975: 290-301); Kapitel 2 Àls aber im Glauben an die 

heilige Dreifaltigkeit ihren Lauf za Ende brachte~ _ [Tavi: b:] `xolo 

odes daasrula srbaÁ TÂsi sarwmunoebasa zeda wmidisa 

samebisasa~ (peCi 1975: 302-304); Kapitel 3, `Das Leben der heiligen 

Nino~ _ [Tavi: g:] `cxorebaÁ wmidisa ninoÁsi~ (peCi 1975: 

304-307); Kapitel 4 òn derselben Salome on Užarma aufgezeichnet~ 

_ [Tavi: d:] àRwerili misve salome uJarmelisaÁ~ (peCi 

1975: 307-311); Kapitel 6 `Die Ankunft der heiligen Nino in Mcxeta, 

aufgezeichnet on derselben Salome on Užarma~ _ [Tavi: v:] `mowevnaÁ 

wmidisa ninoÁsi mcxeTad, aRwerili misive salome 

uJarmelisaÁ~ (peCi 1975: 311-314); _ Kapitel 7 `Das eine Jüdische 

Frau mit Namen Sidonia, die Tochter des Priesters Abiatar, aufgezeichnet 

hat~ _ [Tavi: z:] `romeli aRwera dedakacman huriaman, 

saxeliT sidonia, asulman abiaTar mRdelisaman~ (peCi 1975: 

315-318); Kapitel 8 `von derselben Frau Sidonia erzählt~ _ [Tavi: À:] 

`Tqumuli sidoniaÁsive dedakacisaÁ~ (peCi 1975: 318-320); 

kapitel 9 `Von derselben erzählt~ _ [Tavi: T:] `Tqumuli misive~ 

(peCi 1975: 320-324); Kapitel 11 `Von derselben erzählt~ _ [Tavi: 

ia:] `Tqumuli misive~ (peCi 1975: 324-325); Kapitel 12 `das Abiatar 

berichtete, der zuvor Priester im Iudenviertel von Mcxeta war und die 

Taufe unter der Hand Ninos empfing~ – [Tavi: ib:] `romeli Tqua 

abiaTar, romeli iyo pirvel mRdeli baginsa Sina huriaTa 

mcxeTas da naTel-iRo Ãelsa Sina ninoÁssa~ (peCi 1975: 325- 

328); Kapitel 13 `über das verehrungswürdige Kreuz, worüber Iakob geschrieben 

hat~ _ [Tavi: ig:] `patiosnisa juarisaTÂs, romeli 

aRwera iakob~ (peCi 1975: 328-330); Kapitel 14 `Die Aufrichtung 

des erchrungswürdigen Kreuzes und danach eine weitere Erscheinung~ 

_ [Tavi: id:] àRmarTebaÁ patiosnisa juarisa mcxeTisaÁ da 

merme kualad gamoCinebaÁ~ (peCi 1975: 330-334); Kapitel 15 `Der 

Brief, den König Mirean on Kartli, in der Stunde seines Todes schrieb. 

Er liess ihn durch die Hand des Erzbischofs Iakob schreiben und übergab 

ihn Salome on Užarma, die in Wahrheit über alles unterrichtet war~ _ 

[Tavi: ie:] `wigni, romeli dawera mirean mefeman qarTlisa- 

265

man Jamsa sikudilisasa. aRwera ÃeliTa iakob mTavarepiskoposisaÁTa 

da misca salomes uJarmelsa, Zis colsa TÂssa, 

romeli mecnier iyo yovelsave WeSmaritad~ (peCi 1975: 334- 

337); `Das Vermächtnis König Mireans an seinen Sohn e und an seine 

Gemahlin Nana~ _ ànderZi mirean mefisaÁ Zisa TÂsisa mimarT 

revisa da colisa TÂsisa nanaÁsa~ (peCi 1975: 337). 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ teqstze xangrZlivi muSaobis 

periodSi g. peCma specialuri statiac dabeWda Tsu Sroma- 

Ta krebulSi _ `zogierTi nominaluri funqciis gansazRvrebisaTvis 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ teqstSi~ (peCi 1971: 

125-138). 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ Targmnis Semdeg gertrud peCi 

kidev didxans muSaobda qarTul saistorio wyaroebze. amisi 

dasturia 1985 wels laifcigSi dastambuli, mSvenivrad 

gaformebuli xuTasgverdiani wigni `Das Leben Kartlis~ (`qar- 

Tlis cxovreba~) (peCi 1985), romelSic `wm. ninos cxovrebacaa~ 

Sesuli. 

wminda ninos saxeli araerTxel ixsenieba ienis universitetis 

profesoris hainc fenrixis wignSi `Die Georgische 

Literatur~ (`qarTuli literatura~) (fenrixi 1981). es aris 

qarTuli literaturis mokle mimoxilva dasabamidan me- 

20 saukunis literaturis CaTvliT. naSromis meore TavSi 

`Frühfeadale Literatur~ (àdrefeodaluri xanis literatura~) 

(fenrixi 1981: 35-41) ixsenieba saqarTvelos eklesiis 

araerTi wmindani: evstaTi mcxeTeli, abo Tbileli, grigol 

xanZTeli... da maTi cxovreba-wamebis amsaxveli nawarmoebebi. 

avtoris sityviT, `wminda ninos cxovrebisa da qarTveli 

mefis mirianis dros gaqristianebis ambebia gadmocemuli 

hagiografiul ZeglebSi `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ da 

`nino kabadokielis cxovreba~. ninom daaxloebiT 350 wels 

gaaqristiana saqarTvelo, ris Semdegac misi cxovreba bevr 

TxzulebaSia aRwerili. moRweulia xuTi Zveli varianti, 

romelTagan uZvelesia Satberduli redaqcia, romelic 

me-10 saukuneSi Seiqmna~ (fenrixi 1981: 39-40). miuxedavad 

zogierTi uzustobisa, aRniSnul wignSi qarTlis gaqristianebisa 

da wminda ninos misioneruli moRvaweobis Sesaxeb 

mocemuli cnobebi garkveul interess imsaxurebs. 

266 

XIX saukunis meore naxevarSi qarTuli gazeTebi ìve-

ia~, `droeba~, `cnobis furceli~, `mwyemsi~ da `kvali~ 

aqveynebdnen werilebs imis Taobaze, Tu rogor icnobdnen 

da scemdnen Tayvans safrangeTSi wminda ninos. 

frangul enaze pirveli cnobebi wminda ninos Sesaxeb 

gavrcelda `qarTlis cxovrebis~ mari broseseuli Targmanis 

safuZvelze. didi frangi aRmosavleTmcodne, qarTvelologi 

mari felisite brose (1802-1880) iyo is mecnieri, 

romelmac `pirvelma aiRo Cveni qveynis istoria da 

literatura samecniero Seswavlis sagnad da mas miapyro 

mTeli ganaTlebuli qveynebis mecnierTa yuradReba~ 

(i. WavWavaZe). m. brosem didi amagi dasdo `qarTlis cxovrebis~ 

teqstis gamocemas. man `qarTlis cxovrebis~ gviandeli 

redaqcia gamosca jer qarTul (brose 1849 a : 64-99), 

xolo Semdeg – frangul enebze (brose 1849 b : 90-129). 

m. brosem frangulad Targmna agreTve `qarTlis cxovrebis~ 

Zveli somxuri Targmani (XII s.), romelSic `wminda 

ninos cxovrebacaa~ Sesuli (brose 1851: 19-32). es sakiTxebi 

Cvens istoriografiaSi safuZvlianadaa Seswavlili 

(xanTaZe 1966: 85-95; dodaSvili 1962: 106-122; buaCiZe 1983: 

265-271; abulaZe 1953; abulaZe 1966: 223-233; CxartiSvili 

1987: 23-34) da amitom vrclad aRar SevexebiT. mxolod imas 

ki aRvniSnavT, rom m. broses Targmanebis safuZvelze safrangeTSi 

wminda ninos saxelTan dakavSirebiT araerTi 

saintereso Tvalsazrisi warmoiSva. 

1897 wels saqarTveloSi Camovida frangi mecnieri, istorikosi, 

arqeologi da sazogado moRvawe baron de bai 

(1853-1931). `baron de bai didis yuradRebiT aTvalierebs 

naSTebs da mwerlobas Tamar mefis droisa da saqarTvelos 

ganmanaTleblis wminda ninos Sesaxeb~ _ iuwyeboda `cnobis 

furceli~ 1897 wlis 22 oqtombers (karbelaSvili 1992: 

152). samSobloSi dabrunebisTanave de baim gamoaqveyna wigni 

saTauriT _ `saqarTveloSi~ (bai 1898). 

cnobilia, rom mecnieri jer frangTa farTo auditoriis 

winaSe kiTxulobda Tavis naSromebs da mxolod amis 

Semdeg beWdavda calke wignad. 

wignSi `saqarTveloSi~ baron de bai frang mkiTxvels 

vrclad mouTxrobs wminda ninos misionerul moRvaweobaze 

da iqve gamoTqvams mosazrebas, rom, SesaZloa, wminda 

267

nino iyo is wminda `qristiane qali~ (Sainte Chrètienne), romlis 

saxelze safrangeTSi mravali eklesiaa agebuli. 

baron de bais Tvalsazrisi wminda ninosa da wminda kretienis 

igiveobis Sesaxeb ganaviTara safrangeTSi mcxovrebma 

qarTvelma emigrantma vaxtang ciciSvilma (1892- 

1964), romelmac Jurnal `kavkasionSi~ gamoaqveyna werili 

`wmida nino – wmida kretien~ (kavkasioni 1964). werilis avtoris 

sityviT, 1807 wels safrangeTSi Seqmnila `dedakac- 

Ta religiuri kongregacia, romelsac daerqva agreTve 

saxelad `wmida nino – sankta nina~... dasaxelebul kongregacias 

aqvs xati wmida kretien-ninosi, romlis suraTebs 

igi farTod avrcelebs da kanadaSi kidev mis patara, lamaz 

qandakebebsac amzadeben~ (`jvari vazisa~ 1989: 64). 

cota xanSi frangul enaze gamovida wigni wminda ninos 

Sesaxeb. 1964 wels, JenevaSi, cnobilma politikurma moRvawem, 

damoukideblobis dros saqarTvelos demokratiuli 

respublikis sruluflebianma, mudmivma warmomadgenelma 

SveicariaSi xariton SaviSvilma (1886-1975) gamoaqveyna 

wignaki @”Sainte Nino. La premiere femme apotre Sainte Nino” 

(`wminda nino, pirveli mociquli qali~), romlis dabeWdvas 

`kavkasionSi~ gamoexmaura viqtor nozaZe (kavkasioni 1967: 

173-174). 

cnobebi wmida ninos mier saqarTveloSi qristianobis 

gavrcelebis Sesaxeb gvxvdeba frangulenovan samecniero 

literaturaSi. 

belgielma orientalistma paul peetersma (1870-1950) 

dabeWda naSromi `Les dèbouts du christianisme en Gèorgie d’après 

les sources hagiographiques~ (`qristianobis gavrceleba saqarTveloSi 

hagiografiuli wyaroebis mixedviT~) (peetersi 

1932: 5-58), romelSic qristianobis gavrcelebasTan dakav- 

Sirebuli problemebi ganixila da bevr sakiTxze sakuTari 

Sexedulebebi Camoayaliba. 

Jerar garitma (1914-1990) 1958 wels gamosca ioane zosimes 

`krebaÁ TTueTaÁ weliwadisaTaÁ~, qarTuli teqstis 

laTinuri TargmaniTa da komentarebiT, sadac saqarTvelos 

eklesiis dResaswaulTa Soris ixsenieba wminda ninos 

saxelobis dRe (gariti 1958: 18-20). 

miSel van esbrokma (1934-2003) Zveli qarTuli himnog- 

268

afiuli krebulebis srul konteqstSi pirvelma Seiswavla 

miqael modrekilis ìadgari~. mkvlevris varaudiT, am 

krebulSi unda yofiliyo wminda ninosa da efTvime mTawmindelisadmi 

miZRvnili himnebic (qarTuli... 2003: 109). 

sainteresoa strasburgis universitetis profesoris 

Jozef karstis frangul enaze gamoqveynebuli naSromi 

`Littérature géorgienne chrétienne~ (`qarTuli qristianuli 

literatura~) (karsti 1934), romelSic mimoxilulia 

Zveli qarTuli sasuliero-saeklesio mwerloba, saeromxatvruli 

literatura, gvxvdeba msjeloba XIX-XX saukuneebis 

qarTul literaturazec. am wignis meoTxe Tavis 

pirveli qveTavi `Le Cycle de légendes de la sainte vierge Nino et 

de l’introduction du Christianisme~ (`legendebis cikli wm. qalwul 

ninoze da qristianobaSi Sesvla~) (karsti 1934: 66- 

71) eZRvneba wminda ninos da saqarTvelos gaqristianebis 

sakiTxebs. es qveTavi Sedgeba sami nawilisagan: `Conversion 

de la Géorgie~ (`saqarTvelos moqceva~), `La vie de sainte Nino~ 

(`wm. ninos cxovreba~), `La obe de Jésus-Christ~ (ìeso qristes 

kvarTi~), romlebSic k. kekeliZis `qarTuli literaturis 

istoriis~ mixedviT gadmocemulia wminda ninos qarTlSi 

mosvlis, mirian mefisa da saqarTvelos gaqristianebis istoria, 

mokled mimoxilulia `ninos cxovrebis~ redaqciebi 

da gamocemebi. 

safrangeTSi qarTuli kulturis popularizacias gansakuTrubiT 

Seuwyo xeli kalistrate da nino saliebis 

mier daarsebulma qarTvelologiurma Jurnalma `bedi 

qarTlisa~ (èue de Kartélologie~), romelSic araerTi statia 

gamoqveynda saqarTvelos istoriisa da qarTuli literaturis 

sakiTxebze. 

1966 wels am JurnalSi frangul enaze daibeWda nino 

salias (1898-1992) statia `Notice sur la conversion de la Géorgie 

par sainte Nino~ (`SeniSvnebi wm. ninos mier saqarTvelos 

moqcevis Sesaxeb~) (salia 1966: 52-64). saqarTveloSi qristianuli 

religiis istorias n. salia iwyebs andria pirvelwodebulisa 

da svimon kananelis Rvawlis aRniSvniT, Semdeg 

ki exeba wminda ninos misionerul moRvaweobas, msjelobs 

rufinusis naSromis Sesaxeb, ganixilavs bizantiur, arabul, 

siriul da koptur wyaroebSi dacul cnobebs da 

269

azustebs calkeul detalebs, exeba mose xorenelisa da 

agaTangelozis gadmocemebs da askvnis, rom somxuri wyaroebis 

monacemebi sinamdviles ar Seesabameba. naSromis 

bolos mkvlevari gvTavazobs sakuTar daskvnebs. misi azriT, 

saqarTveloSi qristianoba iqadaga tyve qalma wminda 

ninom, savaraudod kapadokiidan, mirianis mefobis dros, 

352 wels, nino ixsenieba romaul martirologiaSi wm. kretienis 

saxeliT. 

1982 wels parizSi daibeWda fransuaz telamonis `Le 

récit de la conversion de la Géorgie~ (`qarTlis moqcevis ambavi~) 

(telamoni 1982: 87-122), romelSic àvtori gadmogvcems 

rufinusis cnobebs qarTlis moqcevis Sesaxeb. rufinusis 

cnobiT, masala qarTlis moqcevis Sesaxeb mas iberiel 

ufliswul bakurisgan miuRia, romelic imJamad palestinis 

sazRvrebis duki yofila... avtori ganixilavs refinusis 

monaTxrobis ZiriTad elementebs da maT qarTuli 

warmarTobis struqturas upirispirebs~ (WumburiZe 1987: 

210-211). 

gansakuTrebul interess iwvevs 2001 wels q. luvenSi 

frangul enaze gamocemuli wigni `Le nouveau manuscrit Géorgien 

sinaitique # Sin 50~ (àxali qarTuli sinuri xelnaweri 

sina #50~) (aleqsiZe 2001), romelic gamosacemad moamzada 

da vrceli gamokvleva daurTo prof. z. aleqsiZem. wignSi 

gamoqveynebulia sina 50 xelnaweris fotopirebi (aleqsiZe 

2001, 73-215) da sakiTxTan dakavSirebuli bibliografia 

(aleqsiZe 2001, 61-70). prof. z. aleqsiZe ganixilavs 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ sina 50 xelnawers da masTan dakav- 

Sirebul problematikas: pirvel TavSi `Découverte d’une nouvelle 

collection manuscrits géorgiens sur le Sinai~ (`qarTuli xelnawerebis 

axali koleqciis aRmoCena sinaze~) (aleqsiZe 

2001, 1-11) mocemulia mokle cnobebi sinas mTaze qarTvelTa 

kulturuli kerisa da iq moRvawe qarTvelebis Sesaxeb, 

moTxrobilia sinas mTis axali koleqciis aRmoCenis 

istoria da ganxilulia `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ ori axali 

redaqcia; meore Tavi `Description du manuscrit # Sin 50~ (`xelnawer 

sina 50-is aRwera~) (aleqsiZe 2001, 11-28) eTmoba sina 

50-is aRweras. Seswavlilia CanarTebi da anderZ-minawerebi, 

xelnaweris daTariRebis sakiTxi (IX-X ss.), gaxsnilia 

270

qaragmebi, garkveulia punqtuacia; xolo mesame TavSi Ìnformations 

historiques extérieures au texte dans # Sin 50~ (ìstoriuli 

informacia sina 50-is teqstis Sesaxeb~) (aleqsiZe 2001, 

29-59) mocemulia mTeli istoriuli informacia, romelic 

sina 50-is xelnaweris Seqmnis epoqas ukavSirdeba. amJamad 

gamosacemad momzadebulia naSromis II da III tomebi. III tom- 

Si gamoqveyndeba `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ axalaRmoCenili 

redaqciis sina 50-is teqsti. 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ inglisur enaze ar aris Targmnili, 

xolo rac Seexeba `wminda ninos cxovrebas~, am Zeglis 

erT-erTi pirveli Targmani ucxo enaze ekuTvniT da- 

Zma marjori da oliver uordropebs. am da inglisur enaze 

Sesrulebuli sxva Targmanebis Sesaxeb Cven specialuri 

naSromi gamovaqveyneT (menabde 2008: 501-509), amitomac aq 

maT ar SevexebiT. 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~, `wminda ninos cxovrebisa~ 

da wminda ninos moRvaweobis Sesaxeb masalebi italiur 

enazec gamoqveynda, ZiriTadad, enciklopediebSi, sacnobaro 

leqsikonebsa da msoflio literaturaTa istoriebSi. 

magaliTad, cnobili italieli literaturaTmcodnis 

j. prampolinis `msoflio literaturaTa istoriis~ meore 

tomSi, romelSic calke Tavadaa warmodgenili qarTuli 

literatura, originalur hagiografiul ZeglTa Soris 

dasaxelebulia `wminda ninos cxovreba~ (prampolini 1949: 

509-527); àRmosavlur literaturaTa istoriis~ pirvel 

tomSi qarTul mwerlobas exeba j. kastelinos naSromi 

`qarTuli literatura~, romlis Sesaval nawilSi avtori 

italiel mkiTxvels acnobs saqarTvelos geografiul 

mdebareobas, gaqristianebis drosa da pirobebs (kastelino 

1969: 447-471). am sakiTxebs Tavis gamokvlevaSi ìtaliurenovani 

qarTvelologia da qarTuli mwerloba~ Seexo 

italiaSi moRvawe qarTveli mecnieri, romis saxelmwifo 

universitetis `la sapiencas~ profesori g. SurRaia. igi 

asaxelebs a. palmieris, b. maioranasa da sxvebs, romlebic 

TavianT statiebSi italiurenovan mkiTxvels acnoben 

saqarTveloSi qristianuli religiis gavrcelebasTan 

dakavSirebul sakiTxebs (SurRaia 2003: 160). iqve g. SurRaia 

271

calke gamoyofs erT naSroms da aRniSnavs, rom `qarTuli 

literaturis ganviTarebis zogierTi sakiTxi damuSavebulia 

vatikanis gamomcemloba `Citta nuova~-s mier momzadebul 

kapitalur Tormettomian `wmindanTa biblioTekaSi~ 

moTavsebul statiebSi qarTuli eklesiis wmindanebze. vatikanis 

samociqulo biblioTekis skriptori Jozef mari 

soJe statiaSi `nino (nune, Teognosta, qristiani) (soJe 

1967: 1018-1021) ZiriTadad eyrdnoba p. peetersis gamokvlevas 

`saqarTveloSi qristianobis gavrcelebis pirveli 

periodi agiografiuli Zeglebis mixedviT~. mimoixilavs 

rufinusis, gelasi kesarielis, sokrates, sozomenes, Teodorite 

kvirelis, gelasi kvizikelisa da Teofanes Txzulebebs 

da aRniSnavs, rom saxeli – nino pirvelad mose 

xorenelTan (VIII s.) gvxvdeba nunes formiT da aqedanaa gadasuli 

qarTul tradiciaSi _ `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁSi~ da 

`ninos cxovrebaSi~ (soJe 1967: 163). 

rogorc warmodgenili masalidanac Cans, italiaSi arc- 

Tu bevri ram dabeWdila wminda ninos Sesaxeb. amitomac, 

gansakuTrebiT dasafasebelia am saqmeSi g. SurRaias damsaxureba. 

2000 wels romis papis, wm. antonis, saxelobis universitetis 

_ àntoniumis~ _ gamomcemlobam g. SurRaias 

redaqciiT italiur da frangul enebze gamosca krebuli: 

`Santa Nino e la Georgia. Storia e spiritualita cristiana nel Paese del Vello 

d’oro~ (`wminda nino da saqarTvelo: oqros sawmisis qveynis 

istoria da sulieri kultura~) (SurRaia 2000). krebulSi 

gamoqveynebuli samecniero naSromebis umetesoba `wminda 

ninos cxovrebis~ istoriul-literaturul da filologiur 

sakiTxebs exeba. 

romis papis aRmosavluri institutis profesori vin- 

Cenco poji gamokvlevaSi `L’esorcismo del cilicio in ufino~ (`kilikze 

Selocva rufinusis mixedviT~) (SurRaia 2000: 25-41) 

Sua saukuneebis istoriuli wyaroebis konteqstSi aanalizebs 

rufinusis (IV-V ss.) mier evsevi kesarielis `saeklesio 

istoriis~ laTinuri TargmanisaTvis darTul fragments, 

romelSic moTxrobilia saqarTvelos gaqristianebis 

ambavi. mkvlevari sagangebo yuradRebas uTmobs wminda 

ninos mier bavSvisa da iberTa dedoflis kilikze dawveniT 

gankurnebis epizods; z. kiknaZe statiaSi `La `colonna vivente~ 

272

come fatto mistico~ (`sveti cxoveli~ rogorc mistikuri faqti~) 

(SurRaia 2000: 43-50) yuradRebas amaxvilebs mcxeTis 

pirveli eklesiis mTavar sayrden svetTan dakavSirebul 

saswaulze, romelic aRwerilia `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁSi~. 

mkvlevari warmoaCens im mistikur-simbolur meqanizmebs, 

romelTa wyalobiTac eklesiis mTavari konstruqciuli 

elementi _ nivTieri sveti _ saqarTvelos eklesiis mistikur 

qvakuTxedad iqca; bergamos universitetis profesoris 

nino yauxCiSvilis statiaSi `Santa Nino e la donna nel 

mondo bizantino~ (`wminda nino da qali bizantiaSi~) (SurRaia 

2000: 51-60) warmoCenilia saqarTvelos ganmanaTleblis 

literaturuli saxis tipologiuri mimarTeba Sua saukuneebis 

qristianuli literaturis iseT personaJ qaleb- 

Tan, rogorebic iyvnen basili kesarielisa da grigol noselis 

da, makrina (IV s.), konstantinopoleli diakoni olimpiada 

(IV s.), romis imperiis didi politikuri moRvawe gala 

plaCida (IV-V ss.), imperator Teodosi II-is da pulqeria 

(V s.) da meudabnoe monazoni melania (IV-V ss.); l. patariZe 

naSromSi `La `schiavitu~ di santa Nino~ (`wminda ninos `tyveoba~) 

(SurRaia 2000: 61-68) aanalizebs wminda ninos epiTets 

`tyve~, warmoaCens am terminisa da misi sinonimebis gamoyenebis 

SemTxvevebsa da istoriul-mistikur mniSvnelobas. 

krebulSi gamoqveynebulia wignis redaqtoris g. Sur- 

Raias vrceli gamokvleva `Mcxeta _ la capitale rifondata. Per 

un’interpretazione del messaggio simbolico-estetiko della Vita di santa 

Nino~ (`mcxeTa _ axali dedaqalaqi. `wminda ninos cxovrebis~ 

simbolur-esTetikuri interpretaciisaTvis~) (Sur- 

Raia 2000: 69-97), romelSic `ninos cxovrebis~ Cvenamde 

moRweuli xuTi sxvadasxva redaqciis SedarebiTi analizis 

safuZvelze ganxilulia ierusalimisa da mcxeTis, ierusalimel 

da mcxeTel ebraelTa da mcxeTel qarTvelTa 

urTierToba da simbolika. 

am arsebiTad italiurenovan krebulSi frangul enazea 

dabeWdili cnobili qarTvelologis, prof. van esbrokis, 

statia `Le dossier de sainte Nino et sa composante copte~ (`wminda 

ninos cxovrebis~ redaqciebi da misi kopturi komponenti~) 

(SurRaia 2000: 99-123), romelSic avtori warmoaCens `ninos 

cxovrebasTan~ dakavSirebuli ZiriTadi literaturuli 

273

sakiTxebis mravalwliani kvlevis Sedegebs da maT safuZvelze 

aanalizebs koptur literaturaSi saqarTvelos 

gaqristianebis Sesaxeb dacul cnobebs. 

krebuli `wminda nino da saqarTvelo~ mravalmxriv 

saintereso gamocemaa, romelic ucxoenovan mkiTxvels 

srul warmodgenas uqmnis wminda ninos cxovrebasa da misionerul 

saqmianobaze. am wignma didi interesi gamoiwvia 

rogorc italiis, ise evropis sxva qveynebis samecniero 

wreebSi. wigns, bunebrivia, saqarTveloSic mohyva gamoxmaureba 

(`Tbilisis universiteti~ 1999; `saqarTvelos respublika~ 

2001). * 

1990 wels, budapeStSi, grifiT `qarTuli literaturis 

biblioTeka~ (A Georgiai irodalom könytara), ungrul enaze gamovida 

maRal poligrafiul doneze gamocemuli da kargad 

ilustrirebuli wigni: Àz ÉletadÓ oszlop legendaja és más 

történetek~. Georgiai szentek élete és értanüsáġa~ (`legenda sveti 

cxovelis Sesaxeb da sxva istoriebi~. qarTvel wmindanTa 

`cxovrebani~ da `wamebani~) (biro 1990). teqstebi Targmna 

da gamosacemad moamzada ungrelma qarTvelologma, istorikosma 

da filologma margit birom. 

wignSi Sevida hagiografiuli Txzulebebi: `Szent Nino 

élete~ (`wm. ninos cxovreba~) (biro 1990: 7-61), `Szent Susanik 

Királynö értanúsáġa~ (`wm. SuSanikis wameba~) (biro 1990: 63-80), 

`Szám szerint kilenc ġyermek értanúsáġa~ (`kolaelTa wameba~) 

(biro 1990: 81-84), `Szent mchetai Ecztati szenedése és értanúsáġa~ 

(èvstaTi mcxeTelis wameba~ (biro 1990: 85-102), Àbónak, 

Krisztus szent és boldoġ értanújának szenedése~ (àbo Tbilelis 

wameba~) (biro 1990: 103-135). es aris ara sityvasityviTi 

Targmanebi, aramed nawilobrivi gardaTqma Zeglebisa, ri- 

Tic m. birom ungrel mkiTxvels gaacno qarTvel wmindanTa 

wameba-cxovrebani. 

krebulSi warmodgenili pirveli Zeglia `Szent Nino 

élete~ (`wm. ninos cxovreba~) (biro 1990: 7-61), romelsac safuZvlad 

udevs `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ Satberduli varianti. 

marTalia, Txroba da Tavebis saTaurebi ZiriTadad 

mihyveba `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ teqsts, magram mainc ver 

CaiTvleba zust Targmanad. es aris gardaTqma, romel- 

274 

* masala mogvawoda prof. g. SurRaiam, risTvisac madlobas movaxsenebT.

Sic SenarCunebulia Tavebis dedniseuli Tanamimdevroba. 

Targmanis Sedgeniloba aseTia: `Szent Nino élete~ ([Tavi: g:] 

`cxorebaÁ wmidisa ninoÁsi~) (biro 1990: 7-10), `Feljeġyeztetett 

uġyanazon uzsarmai Szalome által~ ([Tavi: d:] àRwerili misve salome 

uJarmelisaÁ~) (biro 1990: 11-15), `Szent Nino meġérkezése 

Mchetába, ami uġyanazon uzsarmai Szalome által jeġyeztetett fel~ 

([Tavi: v:] `mowevnaÁ wmidisa ninoÁsi mcxeTad, aRwerili misive 

salome uJarmelisaÁ~) (biro 1990: 17-21), Àmelyet eġy 

zsidó asszony, né szerint Szidónia, Abiatar pap leánya jeġyzett fel~ 

([Tavi: z:] `romeli aRwera dedakacman huriaman, saxeliT 

sidonia, asulman abiaTar mRdelisaman~) (biro 1990: 23-27), 

Èlmondatott uġyancsak Szidónia asszony által~ ([Tavi: À:] `Tqumuli 

sidoniaÁsive dedakacisaÁ~) (biro 1990: 29-31), Èlmondatott 

uġyancsak öáltala~ ([Tavi: T:] `Tqumuli misive~) (biro 1990: 33- 

35), (`Följeġyeztetett uġyancsak öáltala a templom épitéséröl~) ([Tavi: 

À:] `misive aRwerili aRSenebisa TÂs eklesiaTaÁsa~) (biro 

1990: 37-40), Èlmondatott uġyancsak öáltala~ ([Tavi: ia:] `Tqumuli 

misive~) (biro 1990: 41), (Èlmondatott Abiatar által, aki korábban 

a zsidók templomában olt pap Mchetában, és aki Nino kezéböl fel- 

ette a keresztséġet~) ([Tavi: ib:] `romeli Tqua abiaTar, romeli 

iyo pirvel mRdeli baginsa Sina huriaTa mcxeTas da naTeliRo 

Ãelsa Sina ninoÁssa~) (biro 1990: 43-45), À tisztelendö 

kereztröl, ami Iakob által jeġyeztetett fel~ ([Tavi: ig:] `patiosnisa 

juarisaTÂs, romel aRwera iakob~) (biro 1990: 47-49), 

À tisztelendö mchetai kereszt felállítása és eġy újabb jelenés~ ([Tavi: 

id:] àRmarTebaÁ patiosnisa juarisa mcxeTisaÁ da merme 

kualad gamoCinebaÁ~) (biro 1990: 51-55), `Mireannak, Kartli 

királyának halála elött írt leele~ ([Tavi: ie:] `wigni, romeli dawera 

mirean mefeman qarTlisaman Jamsa sikudilisasa~) (biro 

1990: 57-59), `Mirean király éġakarata fiának, enek és feleséġének, 

Nanának~ (ànderZi mirean mefisaÁ Zisa TÂsisa mimarT revisa 

da colisa TÂsisa nanaÁsa~) (biro 1990: 61). 

rogorc CamonaTvalidanac Cans, ungrul enaze gadatanilia 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ meore nawilis yvela Tavi, 

Tumca, maTi Sinaarsi sakmaod Semcirebulia. miuxedavad 

amisa, ungrulenovan mkiTxvels mainc eqmneba srulfasovani 

warmodgena wminda ninos cxovrebasa da misionerul 

moRvaweobaze. 

275

m. biros mier gamocemuli wigni aRWurvilia saTanado 

samecniero aparatiT _ yvela Txzulebas axlavs komentarebi. 

gansakuTrebiT vrcladaa warmodgenili `wminda ninos 

cxovrebis~ komentarebi (Nino értanúsága) bibliur wyaroTa 

miTiTebiT (biro 1990: 137-142), bibliografia (biro 

1990: 165-167), calkea gamoyofili TxzulebaTa gamocemebi 

da Targmanebi (Szent Nino élete) (biro 1990: 169), wigns erTvis 

m. biros bolosityva, romelSic mTargmneli ungrel 

mkiTxvels mouTxrobs saqarTveloze, mis istoriaze, qristianuli 

religiis gavrcelebaze, acnobs `wminda ninos 

cxovrebis~ redaqciebs da sxv. (biro 1990: 149-163). 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ iTargmna polonur enazec (yolbaia 

1995). aRsaniSnavia, rom es mSvenivrad gaformebuli 

momcro wigni daibeWda romis papis ioane-pavle meorisa 

da saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqis, uwmindesisa da 

unetaresis ilia meoris locva-kurTxeviT. wignis garekanze 

gamosaxulia wminda nino vazis jvriT (xatmweri d. 

pataraia, reproduqcia – s. yurulaSvili), wignis redaqtoria 

a. vizniaki, filologiuri konsultanti – cnobili 

qarTvelologi ian brauni, romelmac sxvadasxva dros 

presasa da enciklopediebSi gamoaqveyna mravali werili 

Zveli qarTuli literaturis sakiTxebze, aRwera poloneTSi 

daculi qarTuli xelnawerebi, konsultacia gauwia 

`vefxistyaosnis~ polonur enaze mTargmnels g. zagurskis 

da sxv. 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ polonur enaze Targmna daviT 

yolbaiam. wigni gamoica varSavis universitetis grifiT. 

Targmans axlavs winasityvaoba konsultant m. lorTqifaniZisa 

(yolbaia 1995: 5-10), romelic polonel mkiTxvels 

acnobs saqarTvelos gaqristianebis istorias, `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁs~ redaqciebsa da ucxour Targmanebs, teqstis 

axalaRmoCenil variants, ZiriTad istoriul-literaturul 

sakiTxebs. 

aRniSnuli Targmani zustad mihyveba `Zveli qarTuli 

agiografiuli Zeglebis~ I tomSi gamoqveynebul Satberdul 

redaqcias. wignis Sedgeniloba aseTia: [ozdzial I] _ 

[Tavi: a:] (yolbaia 1995: 11-26); [ozdzial II] _ [Tavi: b:] (yolbaia 

1995: 27-29); [ozdzial III] `Żywot Świẹtej Nino~ _ [Tavi: g:] 

276

`cxorebaÁ wmidisa ninoÁsi~ (yolbaia 1995: 30-34); [ozdzial 

IV] `Zapisane również przez Salome Udzarmeli~ _ [Tavi: d:] àRwerili 

misive salome uJarmelisaÁ~ (yolbaia 1995: 35-42); 

[ozdzial VI] `Przybycie świẹtej Nino do Mcchety. Spisane również 

przez Salome Udżarmeli~ _ [Tavi: v:] `mowevnaÁ wmidisa ninoÁsi 

mcxeTad, aRwerili misive salome uJarmelisaÁ~ (yolbaia 

1995: 43-48); [ozdzial VII] Òpisane przez kobietẹ Żydówkç o imieniu 

Sydonia, córkẹ duchownego Abiatara~ _ [Tavi: z:] `romeli aRwera 

dedakacman huriaman, saxeliT sidonia, asulman abia- 

Tar mRdelisaman~ (yolbaia 1995: 49-54); [ozdzial VIII] Òpowiedziane 

przez tẹ samạ niewiastẹ Sydoniẹ~ _ [Tavi: À:] `Tqumuli 

sidoniaÁsive dedakacisaÁ~ (yolbaia 1995: 55-58); [ozdzial 

IX] Òpowiedziany przez niạ~ _ [Tavi: T:] `Tqumuli misive~ 

(yolbaia 1995: 59-61); [ozdzial X] Ò budowaniu kościola, opisane 

również przez niạ~ _ [Tavi: À:] [`misive aRwerili aRSenebisaTÂs 

eklesiaTaÁsa~] (yolbaia 1995: 62-66); [ozdzial XI] Òpowiedziany 

również przez niạ~ _ [Tavi: ia:] `Tqumuli misive~ (yolbaia 

1995: 67-68); [ozdzial XII] Òpowiedziany przez Abiatara, który najpierw 

byl kaplanem żydowskim w Mcchecie, a (póżniej) przyjał chrzest 

przy współudziale Nino~ _ [Tavi: ib:] `romeli Tqua abiaTar, 

romeli iyo pirvel mRdeli baginsa Sina huriaTasa mcxe- 

Tas da naTeliRo Ãelsa Sina ninoÁssa~ (yolbaia 1995: 69-72); 

[ozdzial XIII] Ò świẹtym krzyżu, opisane przez Jakuba~ _ [Tavi: ig:] 

`patiosnisa juarisaTÂs, romeli aRwera iakob~ (yolbaia 

1995: 73-77); [ozdzial XIV] `Wzniesienie i odłoniẹcie świẹtego krzuża 

mcchetyjskiego~ _ [Tavi: id:] àRmarTebaÁ patiosnisa juarisa 

mcxeTisaÁ da merme kualad gamoCinebaÁ~ (yolbaia 1995: 78- 

84); [ozdzial XV] `List, który napisał przed śmierciạ król Kartlii Mirian 

rẹkạ arcybiskupa Jakuba i oddiał Salome Udźarmeli, małźonce syna 

swojego, która zaprawdẹ wiedziała o wszystkim~ _ [Tavi: ie:] `wigni, 

romeli dawera mirean mefeman qarTlisaman Jamsa sikudilisasa. 

aRwera ÃeliTa iakob mTavarebiskoposisaÁTa da 

misca salomes uJarmelsa, Zis colsa TÂssa, romeli mecnier 

iyo yovelsave WeSmaritad~ (yolbaia 1995: 85-88); `Testament 

króla Miriana dla syna swego ewa małźonki swojej Nany~ _ ànderZi 

mirean mefisaÁ Zisa TÂsisa mimarT revisa da colisa 

TÂsisa nanaÁsa~ (yolbaia 1995: 39-90). 

`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs~ polonur Targmans erTvis mTar- 

277

gmnelis, istorikos d. yolbaias, mier Sedgenili komentarebi 

da teqstis problematikasTan dakavSirebuli bibliografia 

(yolbaia 1995: 91-101), romelic polonel mkiTxvels 

srul warmodgenas Seuqmnis aRniSnul sakiTxze. 

1986 wels, saberZneTSi, berZnul enaze gamovida 

160-gverdiani wigni `{Agioi th’” Gewrgiva””. 1. (epilogh’ kai; suvnqwsi” 

a;po; rwsika; sunaxavria)~ [`saqarTvelos wmindanebi~, 1, 

(SerCeuli da Sedgenili rusuli svinaqsarebis mixedviT) 

(Agioi th’” Gewrgiva”... 1986)] winasityvaobiT, SesavliTa da 

bibliografiiT. krebulis Semdgeneli, avtori da mTargmnelia 

arqimandriti timoTeosi, wm. paraklitonis monastris 

iRumeni, romelmac axal berZnul enaze Targmna 

qarTvel wmindanTa cxovreba-wamebani. 

wigni Sedgeba oTxi Tavisagan: `JH ïagiva ijsapovstolo” Nivvna~ 

(`cxovreba wmindisa da mociqulTa sworisa ninosi~) ( {Agioi 

th’” Gewrgiva” 1986: 21-72); `ïH ïagiva mavrtu” Sousanaxnivkh~ 

(`wameba wmindisa SuSanikisi~) ( {Agioi th’” Gewrgiva” 1986: 73- 

94); `ïO o{sio” jIwavnnh” Zentaxnisku~ (`cxovreba wminda ioane 

zedaznelisa~ ( {Agioi th’” Gewrgiva” 1986: 95-129); `ïH ïagiva 

megalomavrtu” Keteban~ (`wameba wmindisa didmowamisa qeTevan 

dedoflisa~) ( {Agioi th’” Gewrgiva” 1986: 129-156). 

rogorc krebulis saTaurSicaa miTiTebuli, aRniSnuli 

teqstebi Sedgenilia rusuli svinaqsarebis safuZvelze, 

risTvisac mTargmnels gamouyenebia 1871 wels m. 

sabininis mier gamocemuli `Полное жизнеописание святых 

грузинской церкви~. rogorc berZnuli wignis recenziaSi 

T. mesxi aRniSnavs: `berZnuli Targmani gvxiblavs frazis 

silaRiTa da simsubuqiT. mTargmnels SesaniSnavad aqvs 

nagrZnobi qarTuli suli... didebulad igrZnoba qarTul 

TxzulebaTa damaxasiaTebeli enis sisadaveca da moqnilobac~ 

(mesxi 1988). Tumca, swored rusuli enidan Sesrulebuli 

Targmanis gamo, zogjer damaxinjebulia saku- 

Tari saxelebi da toponimebi, rasac sagangebod miuTiTebs 

Tavis gamoxmaurebaSi a. uruSaZe: `timoTeosis wignSi zogi 

sakuTari saxeli mcdaradaa gadmocemuli (etyoba, rusulis 

gavleniT): ioane zedazniskosi, vasqeni, qaTevani...). 

aris aseTi uzustobac: SuSanikis mamad dasaxelebulia ara 

vardan mamikoniani, aramed saqarTvelos erT-erTi mefe, 

278

omlis saxelic istoriam ar Semogvinaxao. romel wyaros 

eyrdnoba avtori am cnobis mowodebisas, gaurkvevelia~ 

(uruSaZe 1988). 

wigns erTvis bibliografia, romlidanac Cans, rom avtori 

ZiriTadad rusul enaze arsebul literaturas eyrdnoboda 

(m. sabinini, dimitri rostoveli...), gamoyenebulia 

agreTve frangul, inglisur da berZnul enebze arsebuli 

masalebi. berZnul wyaroTagan aRsaniSnavia v. fidas wigni 

`saqarTvelos marTlmadidebluri eklesiis avtokefalia~, 

romelic 1980 wels aTenSi gamoqveynda. 

`saqarTvelos wmindanebi~ maRal poligrafiul donezea 

gamocemuli. masSi CarTulia gelaTis monastris xedebi, 

wm. giorgis xati, gelaTis mozaika, CuqurTmebi, warwerebi, 

saqarTvelos ruka da qarTuli anbani. 

wminda ninos cxovreba-moRvaweoba moxseniebulia saber- 

ZneTSi, TesalonikSi 1996 wels dastambul erT saintereso 

wignSi. es aris dimitrios g. camisis: `Meterikovn (Dihghvsei” 

kai Bivoi twn Agivwn Mhtevrwn th” erhvmou askhtrivwn kai osivwn 

gunaikwvn th” Orqodovxou Ekklhsia”~ [miterikon (wm. dedebi) 

(Txrobani da cxovrebani wmidaTa dedaTa meudabnoeTa da 

asketTa da RirsTa dedaTa marTlmadidebeli eklesiisa] 

(Meterikovn 1996). 

`miterikoni~ Zalian mniSvnelovani gamocemaa. am droisaTvis 

dabeWdilia krebulis Svidi tomi, romlebSic Tavmoyrilia 

masala marTlmadidebluri eklesiis wminda 

dedaTa cxovrebis Sesaxeb. qarTvel wmindanTagan am krebulebSi 

warmodgenilni arian wminda nino (VI t.) da Tamar 

mefe (VII t.). 

krebulis gamomcemeli dimitrios g. camisi iyo aTonis 

mTis gubernatori, igi namyofia saqarTveloSi, Tavis 

droze mniSvnelovani wvlili Seitana aTonis mTidan 

qarTul xelnawerTa mikrofilmebis saqarTvelosTvis 

gadmocemaSi. 

rogorc winasityvaobaSia aRniSnuli, wignSi gamoyenebulia 

Zveli teqstebis saukeTeso gamocemebi. zog SemTxvevaSi 

teqstebi Seivso da gasworda SedarebiTi analizis 

safuZvelze, raTa Zveli teqstebi yofiliyo rac SeiZleba 

swori da daculi Secdomebisagan. mTavari amocana iyo, 

279

gasworebuli teqsti Targmniliyo srulad da SenarCunebuliyo 

suli Txzulebisa. amitomac, es Targmanebi aris 

cocxali da gasagebi Tanamedrove mkiTxvelisaTvis. axal 

berZnul enaze krebulSi gamoqveynebuli teqstebis mTargmnelebi 

arian p. vaici, g. zaxaropulosi, d. kacani, i. nikolaidi 

da sxvebi. qarTuli masalebis Targmani ekuTvnis 

T. mesxs. 

`miterikonis~ me-6 tomSi Setanilia `wminda ninos cxovrebis~ 

Zveli berZnuli Targmani, romelsac paralelurad 

misdevs axal berZnul enaze Sesrulebuli Tanamedrove 

Targmani (Meterikovn 1996: 354-363). saerTod, aRniSnuli 

gamocema orenovania, rac dainteresebul mkiTxvels sa- 

Sualebas aZlevs Tvali miadevnos rogorc Zvel wyaroebs, 

ise axal berZnulze Sesrulebuli Targmanis xarisxs. Semdeg 

gamoqveynebulia erTi Tavi `moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁdan~: 

`ïH Dihvghse tou’ jIakwvbou gia ton Tivmio Stauvro~ (`patiosnisa 

juarisaTÂs, romeli aRwera iakob~ (Meterikovn 1996: 366- 

371), romelic axal berZnul enaze Targmna da sakmaod 

vrceli komentarebi daurTo T. mesxma. komentarebSi dawvrilebiTaa 

ganmartebuli teqstSi moxseniebuli sakuTari 

Tu geografiuli saxelebi. wigni mxatvrulad kargadaa 

gaformebuli, darTuli aqvs saqarTvelosa da mcxeTis 

rukebi, samTavrosa da sveticxovlis fotoebi, wminda 

ninos jvari da sxv. 

damowmebani: 

abulaZe 1953: abulaZe i. `qarTlis cxovrebis~ Zveli somxuri Targmani, 

qarTuli teqsti da Zveli somxuri Targmani gamokvleviTa da 

leqsikoniT gamosca il. abulaZem. Tb.: 1953. 

abulaZe 1966: abulaZe i. `qarTlis cxovrebis~ Zveli somexi mTargmneli 

da misi moRvaweobis xana. `kavkasiis xalxTa istoriis sakiTxebi~. 

Tb.: 1966. 

Agioi th’” Gewrgiva 1986: Arcim. Timoqevou Kaqhgoumevnou I. Monh’” Garaklhvtou. 

(epilvyh’ kai; suvnqwsi” a;po; rwsika sunaxavria) ïEldovsei” ïIera’” Monh’” Garaklhvtou. 

Wropo;” jAttikh’”. 

aleqsiZe 2001: Le nouveau manuscrit Géorgien sinaitique # Sin 50. Edition en facsimilé 

introduction par Z. Aleksidzé, traduite du Géorgien par J.-P. Mahé. Corpus Scriptorum 

Christianorum Orientalium. Editum Consilio. Uniersitatis Catholicae Americae. 

Universitatis Catholicae Lovaniensis. Vol. 586. Subsidia. Tomus 108. Lovanii: 2001. 

bai 1898: Le Baron de Baye. En Géorgie. Paris: 1898. 

280

ancaZe 2001: bancaZe m. eqvTime TayaiSvilis mTargmnelobiTi principebi. 

`ciskari~, # 5-6, 2001. 

baramiZe 1966: baramiZe a. eqvTime TayaiSvili. kreb. Zveli qarTuli 

mwerlobis mkvlevarni. Tb.: Tsu gamomcemloba, 1966. 

baumgartneri 1897: Baumgartner A. Geschichte der Weltliteratur. Freiburg: 1897. 

baumStarki 1911: Baumstark A. Die georgische Literatur. Die christliche Literaturen 

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51. Peeters P. Les débouts du christianisme en Géorgie d’après les sources hagiographiques, - 

“Analecta Bollandiana”, t. 50. 1932. 

52. Pätsch G. Die Bekehrung Georgiens. Bedi Kartlisa. eue de Kartelologie, ol. XXXIII, 

Paris: 1975, 288-337. 

53. Pätsch G. Das Leben Kartlis. Eine Chronik aus Georgien, 300-1200. Herausgegeben on 

Gertrud Pätsch, Leipzig: 1985, 131-187. 

54. Prampolini G. La letteratura georgiana Storia della letteratura universale. II, Torino: 1949. 

55. Sainte Nina, communément nommée Sininte Chrètienne. Notice historique par le P. Auguste 

Daras, del a compagnie de Iesus Lyon. 1874. 

56. `Santa 

Nino e la Georgia. Storia e spiritualita cristiana nel Paese del Vello d’oro”. 

ATTI. DEL I CONVEGNO INTENAZIONALE DI STUDI GEOGIANI OMA, 30 

GENNSIO, 1999. oma, 2000. 

57. Salia N. Notice sur la conversion de la Géorgie par sainte Nino: Bedi Kartlisa. eue de 

Kartélologie. ol. XXI-XXII, Paris: 1966, 52-64. 

58. Sauget J.-M. Nino (Nouné, Teognosta, Cristiana), in: BS (Bibliotheca Sanctorum), 9, 

1967. 

59. Tarchnishvili M. Das Christentum in Georgien. Der Christliche Orient in Vergangenheit 

und Gegenwart, 1, 1936. Munchen, #1, #2. 

60. Tarchnishvili M. Die Legende der heiligen Nino und die Geschichte des georgischen Nationalbewußtseins. 

Byzantinische Zeitschrift, 40. 1940, 40-75. 

61. Tarchnishvili M. Georgia. Enciclopedia Cattiloca. 6, Città del Vaticano: 1951, pp. 64-79. 

62. Tarchnishvili M. Die heilige Nino, Bekehrerin on Georgien. Analeeta Ordinis Saneti 

Basili Magni. om: 1953, 572-581. 

63. Thélamon F. Le récit de la conversion de la Georgie. Crétiens et Paiens au IVs. L’histoire 

Ecclésiastigue de ufin. Paris: 1982, 87-122. 

64. The Medieval Armenian Adaptation of the Georgian Chonikles (The original Georgian 

texts and the Armenian adaptation). Translated with Introduction and Commentary by 

obert W. Thomson. ewriting Caucasian History. Oxford: 1996, 84-145. 

65. Wardrop O. The Kingdom of Georgia. Notes of Travel in a Land of Women, Wine end 

Song. London: 1888,; New York. Bahrain 2004. pp. 39-42, 81-82. 

66. Wardrop M. and Wardrop O. Life of st. Nino. Studia Biblica and Ecclesiastica. . V. p. I. 

Oxford: 1900, 1-88. 

Darejan Menabde 

Moktsevai Kartlisai in Foreign Language Translations 

Summary 

The present study is of the bibliographic character. In it scholarly studies 

published about Moktsevai Kartlisai (“The Conversion of Kartli”) in 

Georgia and beyond its borders, the evidence found in journals and newspapers, 

translations of these texts into the ussian, German, French, English, 

Italian, Hungarian and other languages are gathered. The aim of the 

study is to record and classify the presented material. 

287

qeTi niniZe 

288 

sagalobelTa eqo 

wminda ninos himnografiuli xati 

wminda ninos literaturul-istoriulma saxem qarTuli 

kulturisa da azrovnebis ganviTarebaSi didi wvlili 

Seitana. Cvens mwerlobaSi mniSvnelovani masala moipoveba 

rogorc wmindanis cxovrebis amsaxveli teqstebis, aseve 

mis Sesaxeb dawerili sxvadasxva saxis sagaloblebis saxiT. 

cnobilia, rom arc erTi qveynis erovnuli wmindanis 

saxelze ar Seqmnila im raodenobis sagalobeli, ramdenic 

qarTul mwerlobaSi wminda ninos Sesaxeb. es adasturebs 

rogorc qarTveli eris gansakuTrebul mowiwebasa da pativiscemas 

Tavisi ganmanaTlebilis mimarT, aseve wminda 

ninos did mniSvnelobas qarTveli eris winaSe. 

wminda ninos Sesaxeb arsebuli sagaloblebi iqmneba 

IX-X saukuneebidan, rodesac ganmanaTleblis roli, mniSvneloba 

qarTuli eklesiisaTvis gansakuTrebul Rirebulebas 

iZens. mis Sesaxeb Seqmnil himnografiul masalaSi 

moipoveba sxvadasxva formisa da zomis teqstebi: rogorc 

mcire stirqaronebi da sagaloblebi, wardgomani, aseve 

didi formis galobani, kanonebi * . saxismetyvelebiTi modelebi 

wm. ninos Sesaxeb arsebul himnografiaSi istoriulad 

icvleba da im aqcentebs warmoaCens, romelsac kulturuli 

konteqsti ganapirobebs. 

wmindanis Sesaxeb arsebuli sagaloblebis uZvelesi xelnawerebi 

eyrdnoba wm. ninos cxovrebis Satberdul-Weli- 

Sur redaqcias, rac xSirad gulisxmobs hagiografiuli 

masalis gamoyenebas sagaloblebSi. uZvelesi redaqciebi 

or tipad aris dajgufebuli: pirveli kategoriis 

redaqciebis xelnawerebSi wminda nino qarTlis erTaderT 

ganmanaTlebladaa warmodgenili (Jer-42, ielis iadgaris, 

WeliSis krebulis xelnawerebSi); meore dajgufebis 

* wminda ninos Sesaxeb arsebuli himnebis teqstebi gamosacemad momzadebuli 

aqvT xelnawerTa muzeumis TanamSromlebs: prof. m. qavTarias, l. xevsurians, 

l. jRamaias. aRniSnuli teqstebis mowodebisaTvis madlobas vuxdiT maT.

edaqciebSi ki (sin-59, Dumbarton Oaks-is, giorgi aTonelis 

TTuenis teqstebSi) moxsenebuli da aRiarebulia wm. ninos 

winamorbedebis moRvaweoba. pirveli redaqciuli jgufi 

qronologiurad uswrebs meore kategoriis xelnawerebs 

(cxadaZe 1983: 252) 

qarTlis ganmanaTlebel ninos winamorbedad barTlome 

mociquli pirvelad moixsenieba sin-59 da 64 xelnawerebSi 

dacul stiqaronebSi. mecnierTa garkveuli nawili (k. kekeliZe, 

i. javaxiSvili, n. mari) siriis ganamnaTleblis moxseniebas 

miiCnevs siriul-somxuri saeklesio gadmocemebis 

kvalad da xelnawers wm. ninos himnografiis adrindel 

etaps miakuTvnebs. q. cxadaZis azriT, ki es sakmarisi sabuTi 

ar aris xelnawerTa daTariRebis SecvlisaTvis. barTlome 

mociqulis wm. ninos winamorbedad moxsenieba, mkvlevaris 

azriT, ukavSirdeba im periodis kulturuli tendenciebis 

kvalsa da politikur saWiroebas (gavixsenoTY giorgi 

mTawmindelis polemika antoqiis patriarqTan). barTlome 

mociqulis damowmeba am etapze qarTlis eklesiis avtoritetulobasac 

gamokveTda da nakleb uvnebeli iqneboda 

(andria mociqulis saxelTan SedarebiT, romelic konstantinepolis 

eklesiis interesebs ufro amyarebda) (cxadaZe 

1983: 254). 

giorgi aTonelis TTuenSi dacul ninos sagalobleb- 

Si wminda ninos winamorbedad moixsenieba svimon kananeli; 

ianvris himnografiuli (giorgi aTonelis) TTuenic 

(romelic, Tavis mxriv, mniSvnelovan masalas warmoadgens 

poeturi da redaqciuli TvalsazrisiT) amyarebs zemoxsenebul 

mosazrebas mociqulebis uSualo moRvaweobis aqcentirebiT 

qarTlis eklesiis avtoritetulobis dafiqsirebis 

Sesaxeb. 

uZvelesi etapis himnebis teqstebis atribuciis sakiTxebi 

gaurkvvelia. p. ingoroyva WeliSis krebulis wm. ninosadmi 

miZRvnil sagaloblebs ninos meore himnografs 

miakuTvnebs, xolo X s. sinur iadgarebSi (sin-59) dacul 

himnebs _ ninos mesame himnografs, igive bodbel mgosans. 

mkvlevari miiCnevs, rom VIII-IX ss-ebSi, savaraudod, moRvaweobda 

ninos pirveli mexotbe, romelic mniSvnelovan 

figuras warmoadgenda qarTuli himnografiisaTvis da 

romlis teqstebsac Cvenamde ar mouRwevia. q. cxadaZis az- 

289

iT, WeliSis krebulsa da sinur iadgarebSi daculi himnebi 

ara qarTlisa da kaxeT-hereTis, aramed palestinis 

mwignobruli wreebidan momdinareobs (cxadaZe 1983: 256). 

Semdgomi periodis sagalobelTa avtorebis vinaoba 

CvenTvis metnaklebad cnobilia. arsen bulmaisimisZe (XIII 

s.), onofre maWutaZe (XVII s. II nax.), nikoloz tfileli (orbeliani) 

(XVIII s.) da sxva avtorebi axal etaps qmnian wminda 

ninos himnografiaSi. 

Tu wminda ninos Sesaxeb Seqmnili adrindeli periodis 

sagaloblebi gamorCeulia ukiduresi sisadaviTa da umetesad 

hagiografiuli masalebiT manipulaciebiT, giorgi 

aTonelis ianvris himnografiuli TTuenis Semdgom 

etapebze teqstebi mxatvruli TvalsazrisiT met mravalferovnebas 

avlens, cxadia, qristianuli literaturuli 

etiketis farglebSi. 

andria mociqulis moxsenieba qarTlis ganmanaTleblad 

SedarebiT gviandel periods ukavSirdeba. pirvelwodebulis 

saxeli am mimarTulebiT pirvelad SiomRvimis tipikonis 

xelnawerSi (H-1349) dacul sagalobelSi gvxvdeba. 

xelnaweri TariRdeba XIII saukuniT da ukavSirdeba im istoriul 

safexurs, rodesac saqarTvelos RvTismSoblis 

wilxvdomilobis Tema xdeba aqtualuri. 

wm. ninos gamoCena Cvens mwerlobaSi saqarTvelos eklesiis 

mier avtokefaliis mopovebasTan, saxelmwifoebriobis 

ideis CamoyalibebasTanaa dakavSirebuli. am periodSi 

win wamoiwevs bagrationTa daviT winaswarmetyvelisa da 

qristes Camomavlobis, qristes kvarTisa da mogvianebiT 

ki, saqarTvelos RvTismSoblis wilxvdomilobis Temebi. 

es aqcentebi mkveTrad daismis wm. ninos himnografiaSi da 

wmindanic upirvelesad gvevlineba erovnuli wmindanis 

statusiT, `qarTvelTa mzisa~ da RvTivkurTxeuli eris 

ganmanaTleblis saxiT: 

290 

`...dRes qarTvelTa mefobai gvirgvinosan iqmnebis 

da juariTa SeWurvili ZalTa Seimoss... 

da rqa eklesiisai zeSTa amaRldebis. 

dRes yovladwmidisa RvTismSoblisa taZari 

ninos xsenebiTa brwyinveled Seimkvebis...~ 

(XIII s. SiomRvimis tipikonis xelnaweridan: H-1349 3 r).

ogorc cnobilia, himnografiis udidesi nawili liturgikuli 

daniSnulebisaa. amis gamo sagaloblis avtorebi 

cdiloben, daakavSiron esa Tu is wmindani mis winamorbed 

bibliur wmindanTan _ Seamkon igi winamorbedis epiTetebiT, 

simboloebiT. misi qebis obieqtis cxovrebaSi amoicnon 

is paradigmebi, romlebsac wminda werili sTavazobs. 

liturgikuli cnobiereba ar gulisxmobs drois empiriul 

ganzomilebebs: warsuls, awmyosa da momavals. liturgikuli 

dro maradiul awmyos iTavsebs da istoriul faqts 

akavSirebs bibliur movlenebTan. amiT liturgikaSi irRveva 

is pirobiTi barieri, romelsac kalendaruli dro qmnis 

da aRdgeba Sinaarsobrivi, ideuri xazi, rac saSualebas 

gvaZlevs, movaxdinoT faqtisagan distancireba, gavaigivoT 

konkretuli zogadTan da CavrToT igi bibliuri paradigmebis 

konteqstSi (grigolaSvili 1983: 111). 

wminda ninos himnografiaSi qarTvelTa ganmanaTleblis 

saxe funqciurad ramdenime wmindanisas ukavSirdeba: mociqulebis 

(svimon kananeli/barTlome/andria), mose winaswarmetyvelis, 

RvTismSoblisa da Tavad macxovris xats. 

mociqulTa moxsenieba ninosTan mimarTebiT SemTxveviTi 

ar aris. samive maTgani misioneria da, garda amisa, 

sxvadasxva gadmocemebis mixedviT isini moiazrebian ninos 

winamorbed ganmanaTleblebad saqarTveloSi. himnografebi 

am sakiTxs ar uRrmavdebian, rogorc zemoT aRvniSneT, 

maTi saxelis moxseniebiT, albaT, saqarTvelos eklesiisa 

da misi ganmanaTleblis, ninos saxes avtoritets mateben. 

mose winaswarmetyvelis xati wminda ninoSi cocxldeba, 

mcnebebis miRebisa da zeciur ZalebTan uSualo kontaqtis, 

qadagebisa da kerpTa damarcxebis, eklesiis dafuZnebis 

safuZvelze. wm. ninos himnografebi ki, ZiriTadad, or 

faqtors gamoyofen: 

`viTarca pirvel 

mose mTasa mas zeda sionsa sjuli moiRo, 

egreve Sen 

locviTa moixuen RmrTisgan 

aTni mcnebani..~ 

`...viTarca gamosaxa karavi wamebisai 

pirvel mose qristes mier 

291

292 

sibrZniT WeSmaritad 

da Sehkriben 

mas Sina samebisa mgalobelni...~ 

(XI s. giorgi aTonelis ianvris himnografiuli 

TTuenis xelnaweridan: H-2338, 14 v-155r). 

rogorc viciT, mose winaswarmetyvels sinas mTaze RvTisagan 

aTi mcneba gadaeca, xolo wminda nino sizmareul xilvaSi 

RmrTisagan `dabeWduli wigns~, sjuls miiRebs, rac 

mecnierTa mier `qarTuli dekalogis~ saxeliTac iwodeba 

(metreveli 2000: 57). wminda ninom daaarsa qarTuli eklesia 

RvTisa da RvTismSoblis swavlebiT, iseve rogorc bibliaSi 

rCeuli xalxis sjulis karavs afuZnebs mose winaswarmetyveli 

RvTis karnaxiTa da nebiT. orive SemTxvevaSi 

wm. ninosa da mose winaswarmetyvels erTi ram aerTianebs _ 

isini gamtarni arian saRmrTo sityvisa xalxSi. mkvlevarTa 

azriT, wminda nino mose winaswarmetyvels emsgavseba, 

agreTve, ùcxoobiT~ im erSi, romlis winaSec mas akisria 

misia (mose ebraeli erisaTvis, xolo wm. nino qarTvel- 

TaTvis) (metreveli 2000: 57). amasve unda ukavSirdebodes 

`tyvisa~ da `mxevlis~ epiTetebi, razedac qvemoT SevaCerebT 

yuradRebas. 

wminda nino xSirad iwodeba `dedad~, `dedoflad~, 

`sZlad~, romlis pirvelsaxed unda miviCnioT wminda mariami, 

rogorc ieso qristes deda _ suliwmindis madlis, 

RvTaebrivi sawyisis mimRebi da matarebeli. samecniero 

literaturaSi aRniSnulia, rom qarTvelTaTvis RvTismSoblis 

funqciebs iTavsebs wminda nino (siraZe 1987: 90). 

igi RvTaebrivi sityvis mSobelia qarTveli erisaTvis, suliwmindis 

madlis mimRebi da gamtaria, rogorc qarTvel- 

Ta ganmanaTlebeli (gavixsenoT, `wminda ninos cxovrebidan~ 

mayvlovanSi locvis pasaJi, rac, erT-erTi mosazrebis 

mixedviT, RvTismSoblis aluzias warmoadgens). 

`dedisa~ da, imavdroulad, `qalwulis~ antinomiuri saxe, 

romelic RvTismSoblis xats acocxlebs, ninos sagalobelSi 

Semdegnairad gansaxovndeba: 

`qalwuli sanatreli 

dedobriviTa bunebiTa 

qadagad Tvisisa RmrTeebisa mogavlina 

qristeman, dedao, didebulo, nino...~ 

(xelnaweri: H-1349, 3r)

`sZali nino 

deda gueqmna Cven meored SobiTa...~. 

(xelnaweri: H-600, 37 r) 

dRes Svilni sionisani, 

viTarca rai kravni 

mwuanvilovansa zeda 

aRimRerebdiT Znobad 

dedisa Tvisisa...~ (xelnaweri: H-600, 37 r) 

`...embazi wmindai aRmoSobs CvilTa 

eklesiai mxiaruli SvilTa TvisTa Tana galobs 

xmatkbilad...~ (xelnaweri: H-1349, 3r) 

yoveli wmindani da morwmune qristiani arsobrivad imeorebs 

im gzas, romlis magaliTic macxovarma mogvca. erTgzisi 

Tu yoveldRiuri `wameba~ (Sdr. grigol xanZTelis 

cxovreba) is jvaria, yovelma Cvenganma rom unda itvir- 

Tos. àxali nino~ _ ase moixseniebs ioane zosime qarTlis 

ganmanaTlebels; wminda ninos sagaloblebSic ganaxlebis, 

gacocxlebis, qarTlis mkvdreTiT aRdgomis saswauli 

swored mas ukavSirdeba. 

ùcnobelTa da mZimeTa saburveli guliTai aRguexsna 

da lodebi aReRo samareTagan da dayrolebulni mkudarni 

sayvirTa mier SenTa aRvemarTeniT, wmindao nino, mociqulo 

qristeso. 

ganRebul iqmna quesknelisa bWeebi, mkudarni, mas Sina 

pyrobilni satanaisni ganvTavisufldiT SemoslviTa Seni- 

Ta...~ _ wers arsen bulmaisimisZe (sulava 2003: 326). 

àdide Sen, qriste, qarTli... 

RmrTisa Sewyalebuli, 

ninos ganaxlebuli...~. 

(WeliSis krebulis xelnaweridan) 

ganaxlebis, tyveobidan daxsnisa da kacobriobis xelaxali 

dabadebis movlena ukavSirdeba qristes aRdgomis 

saswauls. wminda werilis am epizodis ioane oqropiriseul 

ganmartebaSi vkiTxulobT, rom aRdgomis Semdeg `mkudarni 

gancxoveldebodes, tyueni ganTavisufldebodes, wmindani 

igi mamaTmTavarni da winaswarmetyvelni ixarebdes...~ 

(Targmanebai... III 1998: 443). amave gzas gadis qarTli wminda 

293

ninos SewevniT. amitom moixsenieba ucnobi himnografis mier 

qarTuli eklesiis mrevli Semdegi epiTetebiT: àxalnayofni~, 

àxlisa venaxisani~. 

qvemoT vrclad visaubrebT macxovris im simboloebis 

Sesaxeb, romlebic sagalobelTa avtorebma wminda ninos 

saxes moarges, Tumca aqve davamatebT, rom saRmrTo sibr- 

Znisa da xalxis erTmaneTTan dakavSirebis RvawliT wminda 

nino emsgavseba macxovars. marTalia, jvarze ar ewameba, magram 

dabrkolebebis daZleviT moaqcevs, `naTliT mosavs~, 

ganaaxlebs qarTvel ers. 

sasuliero mwerlobis etiketi gulisxmobs ramdenime 

ZiriTadi principis dacvas. mwerali valdebulia, daukavSiros 

Tavisi Txrobis/qebis obieqti wminda weriliseul 

gmirebs; gamokveTos masSi is Tvisebebi, saswaulebi, 

mimarTulebebi, ris nimuSsac gvaZleven Zveli da axali 

aRTqmiseuli wmindanebi. mwerlebi, ZiriTadad, ar interesdebian 

iseTi detalebiT, romlebic wmindanis individualur-saxasiaTo 

samyaros ganekuTvneba, ar cdiloben 

originalobas da arc mxatvruli aqsesuarebiT teqstis 

abrWyvialebas. cxadia, es ar unda gavigoT, rogorc avtorTa 

SemoqmedebiTi sisuste, xelmocaruloba da misT. 

es ètiketia~ da ara `Sabloni~, rogorc migviTiTebs d. lixaCovi 

(lixaCovi 1979: 91). 

mxatvruli sisadave, sityvieri qsovilis maqsimaluri 

sqematuroba da ikonografiuli principebis dacva qmnis 

sagaloblis Tavisebur esTetikas. aq wmindanis cxovebiseuli 

epizodebisa da misi saxelebis/simboloebis Canacvleba 

mogvagonebs ikonografiul centralur-ciklur kompozicias, 

sadac xatis SuaSi gamoisaxeba wmindani, garSemo 

ki mocemulia misi cxovrebis amsaxveli scenebi. 

wminda ninos Sesaxeb arsebul sagaloblebSi wmindanis 

cxovrebis, ZiriTadad, ramdenime epizodia gamokveTili: 

kerpTa msxvrevis, ninos locviT svetis aRmarTvis, sneul- 

Ta gankurnebisa da gamocxadebis. 

rac Seexeba ara TxrobiT, aramed aRweriT, xatmetyvelebiT 

naracias, aq vxvdebiT Semdeg saxelebs/simboloebs: 

mdinare, taZari, mTiebi, orRano, gvriti/mtredi, ebani, 

mze, sanTeli, orbi, lomi, mercxali da sxv. 

294

unda aRiniSnos, rom rodesac ninos sagaloblebis simboloTa 

genezisze vsaubrobT, gasaTvaliswinebelia ara 

mxolod wamyvani bibliur-qristianuli fena, aramed warmarTuli 

plastic, romelic axali SinaarsiT Canacvlda 

qristianobis mier. warmarTuli da qristianuli saxismetyveleba 

erTmaneTisagan meTodologiurad gansxvavebulia. 

Tuki miTosur periodSi sityva da idea erTmaneTis 

identuria (mze aris RmerTi), Sua saukuneebSi sityva ideis 

mxolod garkveuli Tvisebis aRmniSvnelia (mze RmerTis 

simboloa romeliRac Tvisebis mixedviT) (siraZe 1987: 5). 

simbolo, droTa ganmavlobaSi Tvisebis aRniSvnis funqcias 

iTavsebs. himnografiaSi wmindanebs, ZiriTadad, axasiaTeben 

ara Tvisebebis aRmniSvneli sityvebis moSveliebiT 

(mzrunveli, gulTbili, zomieri, erTguli da a.S.), aramed 

simboloebis saSualebiT (orbi, mze, mercxali, guriti da 

sxv.). 

mdinare miTologiur, bibliur da qristianul simbolikaSi 

nayofierebis, ganaxlebis, ganwmendis Sinaarss 

atarebs. mdinareSi xdeboda naTloba, mdinare atarebda 

Tevzs da anayofierebda miwas, amdenad, siuxvesTanac iyo 

dakavSirebuli (iob. 26,6; fs. 1,3; es. 32,20). sayuradReboa 

isic, rom nayofierebis momniWebeli Zala hqonda armazis 

warmarTul RvTaebas, rasac SemdgomSi nino iTavsebs (gonjilaSvli 

2006: 40). 

Cveni azriT, mdinarisgan gansxvavebuli semantika aqvs 

wyaros. igi ufro metad statikaze, gaCerebul sivrceze da 

erT wertilze irientirebuli simboloa. mdinaris saxeSi 

ki aqcenti sxva TvisebebTan erTad mis mdinarebaze, moZraobazea 

gadatanili. 

`...moxued 

alagTa wmindaTa TayuanissacemelTa 

da mier, viTarca 

saRmrTo mdinare 

mdidrad 

momrwyveli pirsa yovlisa queyanisasa...~ . 


295

296 

àRavse taZari Seni, wmindao, sakvirvelebiTa da viTarca 

wyaroi dauwyvedeli aRmodis aw mas Sina madli kurnebaTai 

senTa uZlurebis da adideben mas...~ (Dumbarton Oaks-is 

xelnaweri, 221 - 224 ). 

àRmoucenne Sen dRes nawilni Senni kurnebisa wyarosa 

uxvad...~ (iqve). 

wyaro ufro metad deduri sawyisis, mkvidris paradigmas 

moergeba. bibliuri gaazrebiTac is araerTxel gamoiyeneba 

meuRlis, qristes eklesiis mniSvnelobiT: `baRi xar 

daxSuli, dao Cemo, Wa dagmanuli, wyaro dabeWdili...~ (qeba 

4,12). 

amis miuxedavad, mdinarisa da wyaros simboloebi wminda 

ninos erTi da imave niSnebis safuZvelze miesadageba. orive 

maTgani, am SemTxvevaSi, gulisxmobs bunebis/qveynis ganaxlebas, 

xelaxal Sobas, madlis gamocemas, nayofierebas. 

wyaros msgavsi simboloa taZari, Tumca zemoxsenebuli 

mizezebis gamo igi ar dajgufdeba mdinaris Sinaarsobriv 

wreSi. maTes saxarebis ganmartebaSi RvTismSoblis Sesaxeb 

vkiTxulobT: `qalwulebai, viTarca patiosani da wmidai, 

gamoirCia ganmwmedelman man wmidaTaman da taZarsa mas 

Sina ganuxrwnelsa daimkvidra~ (Targmanebai... I 1996: 48). 

am SemTxvevaSi deduri wiaRis aRmniSvnelad mocemulia 

taZari, romelmac unda Svas macxovari. wm. ninos, rogorc 

qarTveli eris sulier mSobels, Semdegi sityvebiT mimar- 

Tavs himnografi: 

`...taZari Seni, ubiwoo, 

saRmrToiTa madliTa ganaxlebul ars~. 


`movediT, ugalobdeT 

SesxmiTa qebiT mxnesa ninos, 

taZarsa mas wmidasa...~ (iqve). 

àRsavse ars taZari Seni sakvirvelebiTa 

da viTarca wyaroi dauwyvedeli, aRmodis mas Sina 

madli kurnebaTai...~ (xelnaweri: H-2338, 141 -155r). 

taZari is sawyisia, wiaRia, romelmac unda Svas ganaxlebuli 

qarTli da Cvil mrevls sulieri sazrdo miawodos:

`vixarebT 

aRmodabadebulni Sen mier, nino, 

da qristesa ugalobT...~ (xelnaweri: H-1349, 3r). 

`sZali nino... 

guzrdida sZiTa sulieriTa...~. 

(xelnaweri: Jer-42, 78 r) 

RvTaebrivi sibrZnis gacxadebisa da suliwmindis madlis 

gamocemis Sinaarss atarebs, agreTve, simboloebi: orRano, 

ebani, qnari, rogorc musikaluri sakravebi. sainteresoa, 

rom ebraelebi am sakravebs wminda xeebis _ kviparozisa da 

sandalozisgan amzadebdnen. imave masalas iyenebdnen gundrukTan 

erTad sakmevlis Sezavebis dros. aqedanve Cans, 

rom sagaloblis dakvra _ RvTis didebis aRvlena, Zalian 

hgavs kmevas, romelic imave Sinaarsis matarebelia. 

`sityvisa RvTisa msaxursa, 

mociqulTa didebasa, 

ebansa sulierisa eklesiisasa, 

orRanosa xmatkbilad mZnobarsa 

da qnarsa pirmetyvelsa...~. 

(xelnaweri: H-1349, 3r). 

`mihfina siZeman suli igi 

sions gardamosruli 

da Tvisad 

mociqulad Sehmzada, 

viTar orRanoi SvidTa maT 

sulisa RirsTa madliTa...~ (iqve). 

garda amisa, unda aRiniSnos, rom sakravTa simboloebis 

mniSvneloba ambivalenturia. isini, erTi mxriv, RvTisadmi 

madlierebas da mis didebas gulisxmobs, meore mxriv ki 

Tavad gadmoscems RvTiur madls, saRmrTo sibrZnesTan 

aziarebs msmenels. cnobilia, rom melodiis harmoniuloba 

Zvel berZnebSive harmoniuli sulis Secnobis saSualeba 

iyo. 

vardi tipologiurad imave jgufis mxatvruli saxea, sadac 

Sinaarsobrivad gavaerTianeT musikaluri sakravebi. 

erT sagalobelSi vkiTxulobT: 

297

298 

`viTarca areman 

zafxulisaman aRmoacennis 

ferad-feradni surnelebani, 

egreT ganSuenda ninos mier 

queyanai igi qarTlisai... 

da viTarca vardi sulneli 

aRayuavile, netaro, 

sarwmunoebai qristes RmrTisai...~. 

(xelnaweri: H-2338, 141-155r). 

marTalia, es mxatvruli Sedareba uSulod wminda ninos 

ar miemarTeba, magram himnografi gveubneba, rom wmindanma 

qristes rjuli qarTvelebisaTvis `Semecnebadi~ gaxada. is 

Tvisebebi, romelic vards (an, zogagad, yvavils) aqvs: silamaze, 

keTilsurneleba, sicxade, wminda ninom qristianobas 

SesZina qarTvelTa winaSe, e.i. rogorc gafurCqnuli yvavili, 

ucxo sjuli gaacxada da misi surneliT (anu suliwmindis 

madliT) `Semosa~ adamianebi. sayuradReboa, rom pavle 

mociqulis erT-erT epistoleSi qristes mociqulebs ase- 

Ti Sedareba miemarTeba: `...qristes sulnelebani varT...~ 

(II kor. 2,15), e. i. qristes sibrZnes gamovTqvamT, ganvacxadebT. 

gancxadebis, naTelyofis mniSvnelobiT yvavilis simbolos 

wmindanis aRmniSvnelad vxvdebiT Semdeg konteqstSi: 

`...monazonebisa yuavilo da simtkiceo, 

gacxadebulad niSni 

da saswaulni uaRres cnobaTa 

Sen mier moeniWebian morwmuneTa...~. 

(xelnaweri: H-2338, 141-155r). 

saRmrTo sityvis, `dabeWduli~ sibrZnis gacxadeba, 

naTelyofa dakavSirebulia naTlis esTetikasTan, rac 

mamoZravebeli RerZia qarTuli warmarTuli da qristianuli 

simbolikisa. naTeli dionise areopagelis mixedviT, 

keTili sawyisia, sisavsea. amdenad, naTeli ar SeiZleba uke- 

Turebis, borotebis Sinaarss atarebdes. 

warmarTuli periodis kulturaSi mZlavrobda mzisa da 

mTvaris, mnaTobTa kulti. mze mamakacur sawyiss ganasaxierebda, 

miwa _ dedurs, romelic mzis energiiT ivseboda da

nayofierdeboda (siraZe 1987: 15). mzis wilad dedamiwaze 

iTvleboda vazi (mcenareTa Soris), lomi (cxovelTa Soris), 

arwivi (frinvelTa Soris). iqmneboda mzis sagaloblebi, 

romelTa nawilic dRemdea SemorCenili (`lile~, `mzev, 

Sin Semodio~). igive esTetika qristianobam SeinarCuna. 

qarTul kulturaSi yvela etapze wamyvani roli ekisreba 

mzisa da naTlis esTetikas. qristianul xelovnebaSi Senar- 

Cunebulia mzisa da vazis simbolika: CuqurTma (S asos msgavsi), 

romelic vazis grafikuli versiaa; bolnuri jvari, 

romlis garSemomwereli wre mzis aRmniSvnelia (siraZe 

1987: 12) da sxv. 

`wminda ninos cxovrebis~, iseve rogorc mis Sesaxeb 

dawerili sagaloblebis wamyvani esTetikuri xazic naTlis 

esTetikaa. nino iwodeba `mzed~, `mTiebad~, `sanTlad~, 

`lomad~, òrbad~... dasaxelebuli simboloebi sxva SemTxvevaSi 

miemarTeba rogorc sxvadasxva wmindans, aseve, Tavad 

ufals. 

lomisa da orbis/arwivis simboloebi samefo (gadataniTi 

mniSvnelobiT _ RvTaebrivi) sawyisis aRmniSvnelia. 

igi atarebs mzis, cecxlis stiqionis niSnebs. qarTul 

ikonografiaSi daculia wminda mamais xati, romelic 

lomzea amxedrebuli, xelSi jvari uWiravs da Tavze oqrosferi 

diadema adgas. lomis fafris kowolebi ki aso S-s, anu 

vazis grafikuli simbolos formisaa. yvela es atributi 

samefo/RvTaebrivi Zalmosilebis gamomxatvelia. garda 

amisa, erTdroulad iTavsebs warmarTul da qristianul 

plastebs (siraZe 1987: 24). aseTive ekleqturi simboloebia 

wminda ninos aRmniSvmneli `lomi~ da òrbi~. 

lomi gamocxadebaSi qristes simbolod gvevlineba: 

`...aha, imZlavra lomma iudas tomisgan, daviTis fesvma, 

romelic gaSlis am wigns da Svid beWeds axsnis mas~ (gamocx. 

5,5). orbi ki samefo Zalmosilebis garda RvTis mier eklesiisadmi 

gansakuTrebul zrunvasac gulisxmobs (gamocx. 

12,14; gam. 19,4). 

arsen bulmaisimisZis wminda ninos sagaloblis ùfalo 

mesmasas~ odaSi vkiTxulobT: `lomebr axovan iyav, brZeno. 

guliTa ara grcxvenoda qadagebad qristesa...~; òrbebr 

gugasa Sina mxedvelobiTsa Seikribe Sen sivrcei sofli- 

299

sai, nino, da ganicaden uWmni saWmlad keTilni da mimarTe, 

vidremdis brWalsa Sensa xelT usxenca did sanoaged moqmedman~ 

(sulava 2003: 326). moyvanil magaliTebSi ramdenime 

sakiTxia yuradsaRebi. orbis mxatvruli saxis gaSlisas 

avtori mis Tvisebebs Soris gamokveTs frinvelis mtacebel 

bunebas, rac mogvagonebs winaswarmetyvelis sityvebs: 

`matl var da ara kac~ (fs. 21,7) am simbolos ganmartebas 

àbos wamebaSic~ amovikiTxavT: `viTarca samWeduri matlsa 

Sina, egreT xorcTa Sina TvisTa dafara RmrTeebai igi 

Tvisi da ufskrulTa amis soflisaTa STaagdo da aRmoiqva, 

viTarca keTilman meTevzurman, romlisTvisca ityvis: 

`Seipyra veSapi igi samWeduriTa...~ (Zveli qarTuli... 1964: 

54) borotis Semusrvisa da keTilis monadirebis Sinaarss 

unda Seicavdes orbis mxatvruli saxe. amave principiT 

aris Sedarebuli wminda nino meTevzes: 

300 

`badiTa moZRurebisaTa 

moinadire sofeli. 

siRrmiT umecrebisaiT aRmoiyvanen kacni...~. 

(xelnaweri: H-1349, 3r) 

`hoi, saswauli sakvirvelTai, 

rameTu uZluri igi 

bunebai dedobrivi 

qristes mier sakvirvelad ganZlierdebis 

da simxnesa meTevzurTasa miemsgavsebis...~ 

(xelnaweri: H-2338, 141-155r). 

meTevzisa da orbis mxatvruli saxeebi erTmaneTTan 

SeiZleba davakavSiroT xalxTa moqcevis, misioneruli 

Rvawlis safuZvelze. 

mniSvnelovania da dakvirvebas imsaxurebs erTi detali. 

zemoT moyvanil sagalobelSi arsen bulmaisimisZe sagangebod 

gamokveTs, rom orbi `gugasa Sina mxedvelobiTsa~ 

`Seikrebs~ qveynierebas. cnobilia, rom orbs marTlac 

gamorCeuli mxedveloba aqvs, Tumca aq kidev erTi mizezis 

gamo unda iyos gamokveTili da aqcentirebuli orbis 

Tvalebi. v. bardaveliZis dakvirvebiT, ramdenadac Tvalebi 

mziuri energiis matarebeli organoa, qarTul frazeo-

logiaSi igi Tavisuflad Caenacvleba mzis saxes: `Senma 

mzem~ _ gamoTqmis svanuri daficebis ekvivalentia `Senma 

Tvalebma~ (bardaveliZe 2006: 64). garda amisa, wm. barbare, 

romlis saxelic, mkvlevarTa azriT, sityva `borbalisgan~ 

momdinareobs (da mzis, maradiuli ganaxlebis Sinaarss 

atarebs), swored Tvalis mkurnalad iTvleba qristianuli 

tradiciis mixedviT (gonjilaSvili 2006: 167). mzis 

energias atarebs bivrilis Tvalic. `wminda ninos cxovrebaSi~ 

armazis RvTaebas Tvalebi swored bivrilis patiosani 

qvisa aqvs. kerpTa msxvrevis Semdeg ki wm. nino bomonis 

bivrilis Tvlebs inarCunebs. mecnierTa mier gamoTqmulia 

mosazreba, rom `ninos cxovrebis~ es pasaJi alegoriulad 

gamoxatavs swored mzis, naTlis esTetikis Sewynarebas 

qristianobis mier (siraZe 1987: 17). unda aRiniSnos isic, 

rom am Tu sxva mizezis gamo qristianul ikonografiaSi xelebTan 

erTad, aqcenti swored wmindanis Tvalebze keTdeba. 

`ninos cxovrebaSi~ mniSvnelovani roli ekisreba wmindanis 

Tmebsac, romlis bibliur da miTologiur semantikas, 

aseve mzisa da naTlis paradigmebTan mivyavarT. 

erT-erT sagalobelSi vkiTxulobT: 

`...varskulavsa dauvalsa 

da mTiebsa brwyinvalesa, 

mzeebr mnaTobsa 

ninos ugalobdeT...~. 


imave mxatvrul saxeebs msgavs konteqstSi vxvdebiT 

A-160 xelnawerSi dacul sagalobelSic: 

`mzeebr dauvali, mze mzisa qadagi, 

sanTeli elvare, Saravandedi 

varskulavi, mTiebi mTovare 

eTeri naTeli...~ (xelnaweri: A-160, 109 r). 

aSkaraa, rom rogorc himnografiuli nawarmoebis wesi 

moiTxovs, avtorebi cdiloben, saRmrTo saxelebi wminda 

ninos moargon sxvadaxva Tvisebebis safuZvelze. 

mze wm. samebis yvelaze gavrcelebuli simboloa. mTiebi, 

igive ciskris varskvlavi ZeRmrTis hipostasis aRmniSv- 

301

nelad gvevlineba wminda werilSi. SemTxveviTi ar unda 

iyos isic, rom mTiebis gamoCena axal aRTqmaSi macxovris 

Sobas ukavSirdeba. wm. nino ki, rogorc `mTiebi~, qarTlis 

sulieri dabadebis, ganaxlebis momaswavebelia. 

ratom irCeven wminda mamebi, mociqulebi, maxareblebi da 

sasuliero mwerlobis sxvadasxva Janris moRvaweebi Zvel, 

warmarTul simboloebs (varskvlavi, mze da sxv.) da ratom 

ar SemoiReben axal ideologiasTan erTad axal saazrovno 

formebs? am sakiTxs maTes saxarebis ganmartebaSi ioane 

oqropiri vrcel msjelobas uTmobs macxovris Sobis epizodis 

ganmartebisas: `...pavleca mociqulman qmna, etyoda 

rai aTinelTa; dawyebai sityvisa Tvisisai wesisa misgan iyo, 

romelsa igini Cueul iyvnes da bomonni samsaxurebelTa 

maTTa axsena da sityvani maTTa maT sityvis moqmedTani axsena 

wamebad Tvisisa mis qadagebisa~ (Targmanebai... I 1996: 

109). ioane oqropiris ganmartebiT, RmerTmac swored imitom 

dauSva varskvlaviT miniSneba upirveles saswaulze, 

rom mogvTaTvis ase ufro gasagebi da misaRebi gaxdeboda 

maTTvis ucxo sjulis sibrZnismetyveleba. 

naTlis umTavresi Tvisebaa sicxade. qristianis da, miT 

ufro, misioneris valia, madli gamosces moyvasTaTvis, ar 

Seinaxos `xvimirSi~ (Sdr. maTe 5,15) is sisavse, romelic suliwmidis 

madliT mieniWeba. Cveni azriT `sanTeli~ da `naTlis 

sveti~ swored imitom miemarTeba wminda ninos, rom igi 

gaacxadebs, naTels mohfens dafarul WeSmaritebas. iesos 

naTlisRebas sxvagvarad `gancxadebasac~ uwodeben wminda 

mamebi, radgan am dros samebis samive hipostasi adamian- 

TaTvis AaRqmadi gaxda. 

SedarebiT bundovania gvritis, mtredisa da mercxlis 

simboloebi: 

302 

`nelsacxebelsa kualTa 

SenTasa, qriste, 

siZeo Sueniero, 

misdevda wmidai 

da umankoi mxevali 

da tredi wmindai, 

guriti Suenieri 

da mecxali xmatkbili...~. 

(xelnaweri: H-1349, 3r).

`vRaRadebT misa mimarT: gixaroden, 

tredo umankoo da 

gurito siwmindis moyvareo...~ (iqve). 

`dasavalisa tredman 

aRmosavals samoTxe Cueni 

ganaSuena budeTa 

TvisTa mier netarman 

nino... 

guritman suliT da xorciT 

ganwmendilman, mogiZia Sen 

tredi, sulTa cxorebai, 

maxarebeli gulTai, 

RmrTisa dedao...~ (iqve). 

mtredisa da gvritis simboloebi bibliaSi ukavSirdeba 

umankoebas, morCilebas, erTgulebas, msxverplad Sewirvas, 

tkbilxmovanebas, siaxlis Semotanas, simSvides (qeba 

1,5; 2,14; dab. 8, 8-12; maT. 10-16). mercxali cnobilia drois 

sworad SerCevis niWiT (ierem. 8,7) da tkbilxmovanebiT. 

rogorc vxedavT, dasaxelebuli simboloebi semantikuri 

TvalsazrisiT srul mravalferovnebas avlens, Tumca 

moyvanil teqstTa konteqstebi garkveul mimarTulebas 

gvaZlevs. mocemul magaliTebSi gvritisa da mtredis saxeebi 

morCilebas, umankoebas, simyudroes aRniSnavs, xolo 

mercxlis Tvisebebidan aqcenti mis tkbilxmovanebazea gadatanili. 

garda am konkretuli Tvisebebisa, gvritis saxis qristianuli 

egzegetikuri gaazrebidan mniSvnelovan masalas 

gvawvdis ioane oqropiris mier gamoTqmuli homilia: 

`gvritisaTvis da wmidisa eklesiisaTvis~, sadac gvritis 

simbolo solomonis `qeba qebaTadan~ qristes eklesiis 

saxed aris miCneuli. gvriti ganasaxierebs dedur sawyiss, 

romelic gasaocar erTgulebas iCens Tavisi mewyvilisadmi, 

rogor erTgulebasac eklesia iCens RmerTis mimarT 

(sinuri mravalTavi 1959: 225). wminda ninos saxis dakav- 

Sirebac gvritis simbolosTan swored qristes eklesiis 

dafuZnebas unda ukavSirdebodes. 

mtreds da gvrits Zvel aRTqmaSi ebraelebi msxverplad 

swiravdnen. wminda ninoc araerTxel moixsenieba `tyved~, 

303

`mxevlad~, rogorc `wminda ninos cxovrebaSi~, aseve mis 

Sesaxeb arsebuli sagaloblebis zogierT redaqciebSi. 

`sameufoTa ezoT Segiwynares, viTarca tyue da ucxoi...~ 

_ wers arsen bulmaisimisZe (sulava 2003: 327). 

304 

`qarTlisa mzesa dauvalsa 

mxevalsa dedisa RmrTisasa 

ninos galobiTa sulieriTa SevasxmideT...~. 


`nelsacxebelTa kualTa 

SenTasa, qriste, 

misdevda wmidai 

da umankoi mxevali...~ (iqve). 

`...sanatreli nino 

mxevali yovelTa mxsnelisai, 

romeli kualsa missa Seudga...~. 

(xelnaweri: H-2338, 141-155r). 

`tyvis~ saxis gaazrebam samecniero literaturaSi xangrZlivi 

polemika da azrTa sxvadasxvaoba gamoiwvia, Tumca 

dResdReobiT miiCneva, rom wminda nino tyvea, mxevalia imdenad, 

ramdenadac yvela morwmune adamiani RvTis monaa, 

misi nebis aRmasrulebelia da amqveynisaTvis tyvea, radgan 

maradiul samSoblos eswrafvis (alibegaSvili 2001: 13). 

wminda ninos xati, romelsac qmnis qarTuli himnografia, 

bunebiT ekleqturia, misi saTaveebi unda veZioT 

rogorc qristianuli, aseve warmarTuli periodis kulturebSi, 

ramdenadac orive plasts Seicavs. anTropomorfuli 

qalRvTaebis rekonstruirebis mcdeloba da misi 

saxis wminda ninosTan dakavSirebis precedenti samecniero 

literaturaSi ukve arsebobs (siraZe 1987: 127). miiCneva, 

rom wminda ninos xati garkveul etapze iTavsebs adgilis 

dedis, dedauflis, mzis asulis arqetips, romelic 

unda yofiliyo armazis RvTaebis qaluri variacia. amitom 

miewereba ninos is Tvisebebi (nayofiereba, amindis gankargva), 

romelsac, Tavdapirvelad armazi iTavsebda. mkvlevarTa 

azriT, wm. ninosagan armazis TvalTa Sewynarebac misi literaturuli 

xatis mier warmarTuli formebis morgebas 

gamoxatavs.

ac Seexeba wm. ninos qristianul `xats~, razedac zemoT 

visaubreT, misi aRmniSvneli simboloebi, sabolood, 

davajgufeT semantikur-tipologiurad. pirvel nakadSi 

moviazreT is mxatvruli saxeebi, romlebic mZafrad Tu 

SedarebiT mkrTalad gamoxatavs `moZravis~, misioneris, 

sulieri mebrZolis paradigmas: lomi, orbi, meTevze, mze, 

naTlis sveti, mdinare, mTiebi, orRano, ebani, qnari, mercxali, 

sanTeli. simboloTa meore jgufSi moviazreT Semdegi 

mxatvruli saxeebi: deda, sZali, mtredi, gvriti, taZari 

_ deduri sawyisis gamomxatveli simboloebi * . miuxedavad 

aseTi dajgufebisa, unda aRvniSnoT, rom simboloebi, romlebic, 

erTi SexedviT, erTmaneTisagan dapirispirebulia, 

amave dros, garkveulwilad, arc gamoricxavs urTierTs. 

dapirispirebulTa erTianoba xom qristianuli RvTismetyvelebis 

umTavresi konceptualuri sayrdenia. 

ase iqmneba ninos sagaloblebSi himnografiuli xati, 

romlis mTavari RerZia antinomiuroba, sawinaaRmdegoTa 

Tanxvedris filosofia. am principiT axerxeben avtorebi, 

wmindanis saxes erTdroulad SeuTavson rogorc tyve 

qalis, aseve mefis roli, gvritisa da orbis/arwivis simboloebi 

da dumiliT, saTnoebebiT, fizikuri uZlurebiT 

mopovebuli Zalmosileba. amgvari axleburi xedva moaqvs 

qristianTaTvis macxovars axali aRTqmiT, xolo àxal ninos~ 

axali msoflmxedvelobiT moqceuli qarTlisaTvis. 

damowmebani: 

alibegaSvili 2001: alibegaSvili g. `moqcevai qarTlisais~ paradigmebi. 

Jurn. literaturuli Ziebani 22. Tb.: gamomcemloba `merani~, 2001. 

bardaveliZe 2006: bardaveliZe v. qarTvelTa uZvelesi sarwmunoebis 

istoriidan. Tb.: gamomcemloba `kavkasiuri saxli~, 2006. 

gonjilaSvli 2006: gonjilaSvili n. wminda ninos cxovrebis paradigmuli 

saxeebi. Tb.: gamomcemloba ùniversali~, 2006. 

grigolaSvili 1983: grigolaSvili l. droisa da sivricis poetikisaTvis 

qarTul himnografiaSi. ivironi _ 1000. Tb.: `Tbilisis saxelmwifo 

universitetis gamomcemloba~, 1983. 

Targmanebai... I 1996: Targmanebai maTes saxarebisa: wigni I. Tb.: 1996. 

Targmanebai... III 1998: Targmanebai maTes saxarebisa: wigni III: Tb.: 1998. 

* am `xatis~ garSemo jgufdeba is epizodebi ninos cxovrebidan, romlebsac 

himnografia xSirad moixseniebs: kerpTa msxvrevis, ninos locviT svetis aRmarTvis, 

gamocxadebisa da saswaulTmoqmedebis scenebi. 

305

lixaCovi 1979: Поэтика древнерусской литературы. М.: 1979. 

metreveli 2000: metreveli f. agiografiuli sityva da logosi. Tb.: 

gamomcemloba `nekeri~, 2000. 

sinuri mravalTavi... 1959: iovane oqropiri. guritisaTvos da wmidisa 

eklesiisaTvis. sinuri maravalTavi 864 wlisa. Tb.: Tsu Zveli qarTuli 

enis kaTedris Sromebi 5, 1959. 

siraZe 1987: siraZe r. literaturul-esTetikuri narkvevebi. Tb.: 

gamomcemloba `ganaTleba~, 1987. 

siraZe 1987: siraZe r. qarTuli agiografia: Tb.: gamomcemloba `nakaduli~: 

1987. 

sulava 2003: sulava n. XII-XIII saukuneebis qarTuli himnografia. Tb.: 

gamomcemloba `merani~, 2003. 

cxadaZe 1983: cxadaZe q. ninos sagaloblebi giorgi aTonelis TvenSi. 

ivironi _ 1000. Tb.: `Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis gamomcemloba~, 

1983. 


wigni I, Tb.: gamomcemloba `mecniereba~, 1964. 

Keti Ninidze 

306 

St. Nino’s Hymnographical Icon 

Summary 

St. Nino’s literary and historical images have made valuable contribution 

to the development of Georgian culture and public consciousness. 

There exist several texts describing the saint’s life and hymns created 

for praising her. The oldest hymns that have come up to us belong to the 

IX-X centuries and they are based on Shatberdi-Chelishian ersion of her 

“Life”. Most of them contain episodes how st. Nino demolished the idols, 

how the “Light Column” was raised after her preyor, how she cured the 

sick etc. 

The research work inestigates Biblical parallels and Christian symbols 

(such as: river, spring, temple, rose, lion, eagle, sun, pigeon, candle 

etc.) used in the analysed texts. 

Special attention is paid to the antinomycal features, emphasized in 

the Saint’s image, such as a captive and a king, strength and weakness, 

poverty and wealth.

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138. kuWuxiZe g., qarTlis moqcevis TariRi `grigor ganmanaTleblis 

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139. kuWuxiZe g., kidev erTxel `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ daTariRebisaTvis. 

– literaturuli Ziebani, XX, 1999. 

140. kuWuxiZe g., grigor ganmanaTleblis cxovrebis erTi arabuli 

versia da qarTvelTa moqcevis sakiTxi, disertacia wardgenili 

filologiis mecnierebaTa kandidatis xarisxis mosapoveblad, 

Tb. 1999. 

141. kuWuxiZe g., qarTveli armazianebi qristianuli epoqis zRurblze, 

religia, #№ 1,2,3, 2000. 

142. kuWuxiZe g., `wminda grigoris cxovrebis~ arabul-berZnul 

teqstTa urTierTmimarTebisaTvis, kriteriumi, № #5, 2000. 

143. kuWuxiZe g., armazianoba – mwignobruli religia? kriteriumi, 

#№ 4, 2001. 

144. kuWuxiZe g., naTliT mosili Wabukis ikonologiisaTvis, kriteriumi, 

№ #16, 2002. 

145. kuWuxiZe g., uZvelesi qarTuli teqsti, klasikuri da Tanamedrove 

qarTuli mwerloba, #№ 7, Tb., 2004. 

146. kuWuxiZe g., ruis-urbnisis Zegliswera da qarTvelTa moqcevis 

sakiTxebi, korneli kekeliZe – 125, Tb., 2004. 

147. kuWuxiZe g., vin iyo suji dedofali, literaturuli Ziebani, 

XXV, 2004. 

148. kuWuxiZe g., sveticxovlis agebis simbolikisaTvis, Tsu siRna- 

Ris filialis Sromebi, № 5, 2004. 

149. kuWuxiZe g., armazuli misteriis detalebi, literaturuli 

Ziebani, XXVII, 2006. 

150. kuWuxiZe g., `diakoni olariTa naTlisaÁTa~, 

gelaTi, #№ 10, 

2007. 

151. kuWuxiZe g., `kaci brwyinvales~ ikonologiisaTvis, krb. `wminda 

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152. laSauri m., wm. nino qarTvelTa ganmanaTlebeli da qristianobis 

roli saqarTveloSi, miunxeni, 1958. 

153. lolaSvili i., arsen berisa da daviT aRmaSeneblis istorikosis 

vinaobisaTvis, istoria, sazogadoebaTmcodneoba, geogra- 

314

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154. lolaSvili i., metafrasuli `ninos cxovrebis~ avtoris vinaobisaTvis, 

saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis macne, enis seria, 

#№ 4, 1974. 

155. lolaSvili i. arsen iyalToeli, cxovreba da moRvaweoba, Tb. 

1978. 

156. lolaSvili i., qarTuli wignisa da mwerlobis sawyisebTan, Tb., 

1978. 

157. lolaSvili i., metafrasuli `ninos cxovrebis~ avtoris vinaobisaTvis, 

mravalkaredi, Tb., 1984. 

158. lolaSvili i., `ninos cxovrebis~ redaqciebi, qarTuli sabWo- 

Ta enciklopedia, VII, Tb. 1984. 

159. lomaSvili j., abramiSvili v., budisa da bodbis Sesaxeb, ciskari, 

#№ 4, 1972. 

160. lominaZe b., wminda nino, qarTuli sabWoTa enciklopedia, VII, 

Tb., 1984. 

161. lomouri n., qarTlSi qristianobis saxelmwifoebriv religiad 

gamocxadebis istoriisaTvis, narkvevebi qarTlis samefos istoriidan, 

Tb., 1975. 

162. lorTqifaniZe m., adrefeodaluri xanis qarTuli saistorio 

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163. lorTqifaniZe m., adreSuasaukuneebis qarTuli saistorio mwerlobis 

zogi sakiTxi, valerian gabaSvili, Tb., 2003. 

164. mamisTvaliSvili e., qristes kvarTis istoria, gsu, 2003. 

165. mamulia g. àrian qarTlis~ sakiTxisaTvis, saqarTvelos kavkasiisa 

da maxlobeli aRmosavleTis istoriis sakiTxebi, Tb., 1968. 

166. mania q. r., qristianobis istoriis wyaroebis kvleva saqarTveloSi, 

saerTaSoriso simpoziumi `qristianoba: warsuli, awmyo, 

momavali~, moxsenebaTa mokle Sinaarsebi, Tb. 2000. 

167. mania q. r., qristianobis istoriis werilobiTi wyaroebis kvleva 

saqarTveloSi (`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~), istoriul-eTnografiuli 

Studiebi, X, Tb., 2006. 

168. mania q. qarTuli hagiografiuli Zeglebis wyaroTmcodneobiTi 

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169. mania q., m., ninos locva leonti mrovelis `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ 

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Tb., 2001. 

170. mania q., m., iesos wigni `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ mixedviT, religia, 

#№ 10-12, 2001. 

171. mania q., m., wm nino viTarca uflis sasZlo, kriteriumi, # № 6, 

2002. 

172. mania q. m., wm. nino pirveli monazoni qali, klasikuri da Tanamedrove 

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315

173. mania q., (2), naTlis simbolika `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ leonti 

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Studiebi, V, Tb., 2002. 

174. maxaraSvili s. wm. ninos saxe – rogorc arqetipi wminda ilarion 

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175. mgalobliSvili T., aleqsandre kvipreli monazvnis jvris gamoCinebis 

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mravalTavi, IV, 1975. 

176. mgalobliSvili T., qristianuli qarTli IV-V ss. (ZiriTadi debulebebi), 


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177. mgalobliSvili T. wm. jvris uZvelesi dResaswauli qarTul 

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178. menabde d., qarTuli agiografiisa da saistorio mwerlobis 

urTierTobis zogierTi sakiTxi, disertacia wardgenili filologiis 

mecnierebaTa kandidatis xarisxis mosapoveblad, 

Tb., 1981. 

179. menabde d. Zveli qarTuli mwerlobis Zeglebi germanul enaze 

(`moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ~ da `ninos cxovreba~). literaturuli 

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180. menabde d. `wminda ninos cxovreba~ ucxo enebze. 

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181. metreveli e., axali naSromi qarTul mravalTavebze, saqarTvelos 

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182. metreveli f., wminda nino da wminda mariam magdaneli, religia, 

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183. metreveli f., `Zala sityvisa~ da `wm. ninos cxovreba~, agiografiuli 

sityva da logosi, Tb., 2000. 

184. mirianaSvili l., bodisi, bodbis lokalizaciisa da wminda ninos 

nekropolis sakiTxisaTvis, Tsu siRnaRis filialis Sromebi, 

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185. movse xorenaci. somxeTis istoria, Zveli somxuridan Targmna, 

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186. mWedliSvili b., qalaq ujarmisa da daba bodis lokalizacia, 

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187. naTeli qristesi saqarTvelo, I, Tb., 2003. 

188. nikolaZe e., wminda nino (Semosvla saqarTveloSi), saqarTvelos 

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189. nikoloz gulaberiZe. galobani suetisa cxovelisani, naTeli 

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190. nikoloziSvili n., `naTel-iRo wylisa da miwisagan~, literatura 

da xelovneba, #№ 3, 1991. 

191. nikoloziSvili n., tyve ganmanaTleblebi (`moqcevaÁ 

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316

192. nikoloziSvili n., qarTli elinizmisa da qristianobis saTaveebTan 

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mixedviT, disertacia wardgenili istoriis mecnierebaTa kandidatis 

xarisxis mosapoveblad, Tb., 2006. 

193. nikoloziSvili n., ra enaze mogviTxrobda wminda nino? gela- 

Tis mecnierebaTa akademiis Jurnali, № #9, 2006. 

194. nikoloziSvili n., Sengelia r., wminda ninos gardacvalebis mizezi, 

literatura da xelovneba, #№ 9, 2006. 

195. oniani S., `niafor~ sityva `wm. ninos cxovrebaSi~, Zveli qar- 

Tuli mwerlobisa da rusTvelologiis sakiTxebi, VII - VIII, Tb., 

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196. patariZe l., `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁs~ drois koncefciis gagebisaTvis, 


#№ 2, 1987. 

197. patariZe l., `wigni dabeWduli~, saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa 

akademiis macne, enis seria, #№ 3, 1988. 

198. patariZe l., `ninos cxovrebis~ erTi simbolos gagebisaTvis, 

saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis macne, istoriis seria, 

#№ 2, 1988. 

199. patariZe l., `wigni mirianisa~ (ideur-mxatvruli analizi), mna- 

Tobi, #№ 4, 1989. 

200. patariZe l. sakraluri dro da sivrce `ninos cxovrebaSi~, istoriul-wyaroTmcodneobiTi 

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201. patariZe l., aRxemarTa juari ese, mnaTobi, #2, 1992. 

202. patariZe l., uZvelesi qristianuli saRvTismsaxuro praqtikis 

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203. patariZe l., `cxovrebaÁ 

wmidisa ninoÁsi~ (qarTlis gaqristianebis 

kulturul-istoriuli sakiTxebi), Tb. 1993. 

204. patariZe l, tyve qali nino, religia, # № 11-12, 1993. 

205. patariZe l., mcxeTis ebrauli diaspora I-IV ss-Si, qarTuli wyaroTmcodneoba, 

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206. patariZe 

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207. JiJavaZe a., wminda ninos cxovreba da qarTlis moqceva, baTumi, 

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208. Jordania g., mexurelni, Tb., 1957. 

209. Jordania T., qronikebi da sxva masalebi saqarTvelos istoriisa, 

wigni I, tf., 1892. 

210. rufinusi. iberTa tomis moqceva tyve qalis meSveobiT, georgika. 

bizantieli mwerlebis cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb, I, 

teqstebi qarTuli TargmaniTurT gamosces da ganmartebebi 

daurTes al. gamyreliZem da s. yauxCiSvilma, Tb., 1961. 

211. sakiTxavi suetisa cxovelisaÁ, 

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eklesiisa, v. karbelaSvilis redaqciiT, tf., 1908. 

317

212. sami istoriuli xronika (pirveli nawili), gamocemuli e. 

TayaiSvilis mier, tf., 1890. 

213. sanaZe m., saqarTvelos istoriis uZvelesi periodi `qarTlis 

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IX, 2000. 

214. sanikiZe l., nino ganmanaTlebeli, mowameTa, Tb., 1991. 

215. sarjvelaZe z., romel enaze daiwera `moqcevaÁ 

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mwignobari 09, 2001. 

216. saqarTvelo da qristianoba, 2000 wlis 26-28 seqtembers i. javaxiSvilis 

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217. saqarTvelos samoTxe (sruli aRwera RuawlTa da vnebaTa saqarTvelos 

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218. siraZe r., `wminda nino da deda ufali~, mnaTobi, № #2, 1985. 

219. siraZe r., `wm. ninos cxovreba~ da dasawyisi qarTuli agiografiisa, 

ganTiadi, #№ 3, 1989. 

220. siraZe r., qristianuli kultura da qarTuli mwerloba, Tb., 

1992. 

221. siraZe r., wminda ninos saxe, saeklesio literaturuli kalendari, 

Tb., 2000. 

222. siraZe r., `wm. ninos cxovreba~ da originaluri qarTuli qristianuli 

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wigni I, Tb., 2003. 

223. siraZe r., qarTlis moqcevis istoriidan (soji dedofali da 

bodi-bodbe), Tsu siRnaRis filialis Sromebi, № 5, 2004. 

224. siraZe r. `wminda ninos cxovreba~ (zogadi Sejamebani) krb. 


225. sokrate sqolastikosi rogor miiRes iberebma qristianoba, 

georgika. bizantieli mwerlebis cnobebi saqarTvelos Sesaxeb, 

I, teqstebi qarTuli TargmaniTurT gamosces da ganmartebebi 

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226. soxaZe a., cxoveli svetis idea `qarTlis cxovrebaSi~, masalebi 

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227. sulava n., arsen bulmaisimisZe _ `galobani wmidisa mociqulisa 

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228. sulava n., nikoloz gulaberiZis sagaloblebi, religia, # № 4, 5, 

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229. sulava n., wminda ninos interpretaciisaTvis nikoloz gulaberiZis 

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akademiis macne, enis seria, 2004-2005. 

230. sulava n. wminda ninos xat-saxeebi nikoloz gulaberisZis 

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231. 

surgulaZe n., socialuri mexsierebis faqtebi `ninos cxovre- 

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232. sxirtlaZe z., wminda nino da Zveli qarTuli saxviTi xelovneba. 


233. utie b., ori qadageba wmindisa dedisa Cvenisa ninosi, qristianobis 

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234. farulava g. wminda ninos cxovrebis Tavdapirveli redaqciis 

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235. qarTvel wmindanTa cxovrebani, Tbilisi _ aTeni, 2003. 

236. qarTlis cxovreba dasabamiTgan meaTcxramete saukunemde, 

Targmnili da gamocemuli m. brose, sankt-peterburgi, 1849. 

237. qarTlis cxovreba dasabamiTgan meaTcxramete saukunemdis, I, 

meore gamocema, z. WiWinaZis mier, tf. 1897. 

238. qarTlis cxovreba dasabamiTagan meaTcxramete saukunemdis, I, 

wigni II, meore gamocema z. WiWinaZisa, tf., 1899. 

239. qarTlis cxovreba. mariam dedoflis varianti, gamocemuli e. 

TayaiSvilis redaqtorobiT, tf., 1906. 

240. qarTlis cxovreba. ana dedofliseuli nusxa, s. yauxCiSvilis 

redaqciiT, Tb., 1942. 

241. qarTlis cxovrebis Zveli somxuri Targmani, qarTuli teqsti 

da Zveli somxuri Targmani gamokvleviTa da leqsikoniT gamosca 

il. abulaZem, Tb., 1953. 

242. qarTlis cxovreba. teqsti dadgenili yvela ZiriTadi xelnaweris 

mixedviT s. yauxCiSvilis mier, I, Tb., 1955. 

243. qarTlis cxovreba. IV, batoniSvili vaxuSti. aRwera samefosa 

saqarTvelosa, teqsti dadgenili yvela ZiriTadi xelnaweris 

mixedviT s. yauxCiSvilis mier., Tb., 1973. 

244. qarTuli enis istoriuli qrestomaTia, I, gamosca da tabulebi 

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1943; meore gamocema _ Tb., 1953; mesame gamocema _ Tb., 1982. 

245. qristianoba saqarTveloSi (istoriul-eTnologiuri gamokvlevebi), 

Tb., 2000. 

246. qristianoba: warsuli, awmyo, momavali. saerTaSoriso simpoziumi, 

moxsenebaTa mokle Sinaarsebi, Tb., 2000. 

247. qristianobis 20 saukune saqarTveloSi, Tb., 2004. 

248. qurcikiZe c., `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁs~ teqstisa da enis sakiTxebi, 

filologiuri Ziebani, I, 1964. 

249. qurcikiZe c., `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ metafrasuli redaqciis 

wyaros sakiTxisaTvis, saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis 

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250. yataSvili l., `qarTlis moqcevis~ literaturuli tradicia 

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251. yauxCiSvili s., gelasi kesarieli qarTlis moqcevis Sesaxeb, mimomxilveli, 

I, tf., 1926. 

252. 

yauxCiSvili s., `qarTlis cxovrebis~ moculoba da Sedgenilo- 

319

a. wignSi: qarTlis cxovreba, teqsti dadgenili yvela ZiriTadi 

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253. yifiani g., wminda nino da Zveli saqarTvelos dedaqalaqi, Tb., 

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254. yubaneiSvili s., `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁ~ WeliSuri redaqcia, Tsu 

Sromebi, t. XII, 1940. 

255. yubaneiSvili s., `grigol diakoni da misi Txzuleba~, literaturuli 

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256. Satberdis krebuli X saukunisa, gamosacemad moamzada b. gigineiSvilma 

da e. giunaSvilma, Tb., 1979. 

257. CikvaiZe e. nikoloz gulaberisZis `sveticxovlis sakiTxavi~ da 

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258. ColoyaSvili b. qarTulenovani eklesia _ axali ierusalimi, 

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259. CoCiSvili d., eliozis saxlis lokalizaciisaTvis mcxeTaSi, 

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260. 

261. 

262. 

320 

CxartiSvili m., `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ protoWeliSuri redaq- 

cia metafrasuli redaqciis wyaro, saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa 


CxartiSvili m., metafrasi `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ `qarTlis cxo- 

vrebiseuli~ redaqciis Sesaxeb, saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa 

akademiis macne, istoriis seria, #№ 4, 1980. 

CxartiSvili m., `wm. ninos cxovrebis~ mcire da vrceli redaqciebi, 

saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis macne, istoriis 

seria , #№ 1, 1980. 

263. CxartiSvili m., CxartiSvili l. `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁs~ avtori- 

264. 

265. 

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CxartiSvili m., wyaroebis miTiTebis wesi leonti mrovelis 

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seria, #№ 2,1982. 

CxartiSvili m., qarTuli istoriuli azris ganviTarebis isto- 

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266. CxartiSvili m., `ninos cxovrebis~ vrceli redaqciis atribucia, 

mnaTobi, #№ 5, 1987. 

267. CxartiSvili m., qarTuli hagiografiis wyaroTmcodneobiTi 

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268. CxartiSvili m., `moqcevaÁ 

qarTlisaÁ~ erTi anaqronizmis Sesaxeb, 

mnaTobi, № #9, 1990. 

269. CxartiSvili m., qarTvelTa moqceva da axali erovnuli ideologiis 

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270. 

CxartiSvili m., qarTuli eklesiis uZvelesi istoriis pro- 

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271. CxartiSvili m., qarTlis moqcevis istoria eTnikurobis kvlevis 

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272. CxartiSvili m., Strixebi Sua saukuneebis qarTuli sazogadoebis 

mentaluri portretisaTvis: hierotopia `wm. ninos cxovrebaSi~, 

saerTaSoriso simpoziumi _ literaturaTmcodneobis 

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273. CxartiSvili m. `wminda ninos cxovreba~ da istoriuli mecnierebis 

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274. CxartiSvili m. qarTuli erToba religiuri moqcevis epoqaSi 

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275. CxartiSvili m., qarTul eTno religiuri moqcevis epoqaSi, Tb., 

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276. cincaZe k., romel wels miiRes qristianoba qarTvelebma (werili 

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277. cixisTavi n., wm. ninos cxovrebis qarTuli da rusuli teqstebis 

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278. cixisTavi n., `wminda ninos cxovrebis~ qarTuli da rusuli 

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279. cixisTavi n., qarTvelTa ganmanaTleblis wminda ninos cxovreba 

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280. cxadaZe q., ucnobi avtoris `ninos cxovreba~, saiubileo krebuli 

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1956. 

281. cxadaZe q., ninos sagaloblebi giorgi aTonelis TvenSi, ivironi 

1000, Tb., 1983. 

282. cxadaZe q., àxali qarTlis cxovrebis~ erTi CanarTis wyaro, saqarTvelos 

mecnierebaTa akademiis macne, enis seria, #№ 1, 1986. 

283. cxadaZe q., ninos cxovreba. arsen beris redaqciis mixedviT 

Tanamedrove qarTul enaze teqsti moamzada q. cxadaZem. Tb., 

1998. 

284. cxovreba qarTvelTa ganmanaTleblisa wm. ninosi. qarTulidanve 

mdabiurad gadmoRebuli m. SaraZis mier (meore gamocema), 

tf., 1899. 

285. cxovreba wminda ninosi. Sedgenili didi arsenis kaTolikozis 

mier Xs-Si XI-XIIs xelnaweriTagan, tf., 1902. 

cxovreba saqarTvelo 

286. Ása (parizis qronika). teqsti gamosacemad 

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321

287. Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi. wigni I 

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288. Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi. wigni III 

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289. Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi. wigni IV 

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290. Zveli qarTuli literaturis qrestomaTia. I, Sedgenili s. yubaneiSvilis 

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291. Zveli qarTuli literaturis Zeglebi. wigni gamosacemad moamzada, 

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292. wereTeli a., qarTvelTa ganmanaTlebeli mociqulTa swori 

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293. wereTeli a., wminda nino anu qristianobis SemoReba saqarTveloSi, 

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294. wmindanTa cxovreba, I, Tb., 2003. 

295. wereTeli l., `wigni dabeWduli~ `wminda ninos cxovrebaSi~. 


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297. WanturiZe e., wminda ninos qarTlSi mosvlis TariRis gansazRvrisaTvis, 

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303. xoStaria-brose 

e., VII s. qarTuli matiane da misi kvali `moqcevaÁ 

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322

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307. javaxiSvili i., istoriis mizani, wyaroebi da meTodebi winaT da 

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308. javaxiSvili i., qarTveli eris istoria, wigni I, tf., 1908; wigni 

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309. javaxiSvili i., Txzulebani, VIII, Tb., 1977. 

310. janaSvili m., saqarTvelos saeklesio istoria, tf., 1886, gv. 

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311. janaSvili m., aRvadgine anu `sami istoriuli xronikisa da `wm. 

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312. janaSvili m., saqarTvelos istoria, I, tf., 1906. 

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314. janaSia s., fsevdo-arseni, saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis 

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Semdgenlebi: 

filologiis mecnierebaTa doqtori d. menabde 

istoriis mecnierebaTa doqtori q. mania

teqsti 

`wmida ninos cxovrebis~ uZvelesi 

redaqciebi 

“wmida ninos cxovrebis” uZvelesi redaqciebi Sesulia 

“moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs” saxeliT cnobil krebul- 

Si. dRevandeli mdgomareobis mixedviT, “moqcevaÁ qar- 

TlisaÁ” Sedgeba ori nawilisagan: pirvel nawils pirobiTad 

uwodeben “moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs matianes” an 

“moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs qronikas”, romelSic Sedis “wmida 

ninos cxovrebis” mokle redaqcia, xolo meores _ sakuTriv 

“wmida ninos cxovrebas”, romelic warmoadgens 

mis vrcel redaqcias. 

1990 wels sinas mTis wmida ekaterines monasterSi 

1975 wels aRmoCenil xelnawerebs Soris gamovlinda 

“moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁs” ori xelnaweri _ N/Sin-48 da N/Sin- 

50 * , romlebic Seicaven “wmida ninos cxovrebis” orive 

redaqcias.Esinuri xelnawerebi ufro Zvelia, vidre aqamde 

cnobili Satberduli da WeliSuri xelnawerebi. 

N/Sin-48-Si teqsti Tavsa da boloSi naklulia. il. 

abulaZis gamocemiT ** Tu vimsjelebT, SemorCenilia IV- 

XII paragrafebi: moyolebuli epizodidan, rodesac wm. 

ninom sam wels mayvlovanSi locvis Semdeg vazis nasxlevisgan 

jvari Seqmna, damTavrebuli qarTlSi asurel 

mamaTa mosvliT. teqsti mcire gamonaklisebis garda 

kargad ikiTxeba. paleografiis mixedviT (mxedvelobaSi 

maqvs rogorc nusxa_xucuris, ise asomTavrul grafema- 

Ta moxazuloba) xelnaweri IX-X ss-iT an adreuli meaTe 

saukuniT unda daTariRdes. 

N/Sin-50 warmoadgens krebuls, romelSic gaerTianebulia 

Zveli qarTuli mwerlobis iseTi mniSvnelovani 

Zeglebi, rogoricaa “moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁ” da “asurel 

mamaTa cxovrebis wignebi”. es xelnaweric naklulia da 

* Zveli qarTuli agiografiuli literaturis Zeglebi, wigni I, Tb. 1961. 

** Sdr. fs. 1. 2, 132. 2. 

327

masSi ar aris Semonaxuli “matianis” is nawili, romel- 

Sic unda yofiliyo “wmida ninos cxovrebis” mokle 

redaqcia. rac Seexeba “wmida ninos cxovrebis” vrcel 

redaqcias, igi N/Sin-50-Si srulad aris daculi. 

paleografiis mixedviT N/Sin-50 IX-X saukuneebiT unda 

daTariRdes. am mxriv gansakuTrebiT damaxasiaTebelia 

singuri asomTavruliT Sesrulebuli saTaurebi. 

axali koleqciis Sin-50 sinas mTisaTvis Seuwiravs 

vinme bers arSuSa-yofils iovanes Tavisi sulis mosaxseneblad 

da misi SvilebisaTvis (demetri, adarnerse 

da nerse) salocvelad. anderZSi moxseniebuli anTroponimebi, 

agreTve, xelnaweris siZveleze laparakoben. xelnaweri 

Sewiruli unda iyos imave piris mier, vinc wm. 

sabas lavras palestinaSi IX-X saukuneebis mijnaze Seswira 

specialistTaTvis kargad cnobili Wil-etratis 

iadgari. amas ueWvelad adasturebs N/Sin-50-sa da Wiletratis 

iadgarisaTvis gakeTebuli Sinaarsobrivad da 

paleografiulad identuri anderZi: “qriste, Seiwyale 

iovane, amin”. 

N/Sin-50-s sakmao sizustiT aTariReben teqstSi mocemuli 

Semdegi cnobebi: 

1. “moqcevaÁ qarTlisaÁsTvis” darTuli qarTlis kaTalikosebis 

sia Sedgenilia Satberdis krebulis siasTan 

(ukanaskneli kaTalikosia arseni II _ daxloebiT 955- 

985 ww) SedarebiT sami kaTalikosiT adre da mTavrdeba 

arseni I didi kaTalikosis (860-887 ww) momdevno meore 

kaTalikosze (basili), ramac SeuZlebelia X s-is damdegze 

Sors gadaiwios. 

2. “ioane zedaznelis cxovrebaSi” Setanili zedaznis 

mamaTa sia, TviTeuli maTganis zeobis xangrZlivobis mi- 

TiTebiT, aseve X s-is damdegze miuTiTebs. 

3. meaTe sakunis damdegze miuTiTebs, agreTve, “ioane 

zedaznelis cxovrebaSi” sivnieTis dedoflis amaspos 

(somxuri wyaroebis hamaspruhi//hamaspuhi) rogorc im 

droisaTvis cocxlis moxsenieba. 

328

gamocemis Sesaxeb 

winamdebare gamocemaSi ori sinuri xelnaweris mixedviT 

qveyndeba “wmida ninos cxovrebis” orive redaqcia: 

mokle da vrceli. mokle redaqcias Sinaarsoblivad 

Sesavsebad dasawyisi nawili damatebuli aqvs Satberduli 

xelnaweridan. sxva mcire danaklisebi Sevsebuli ar 

aris. mkiTxvelma unda gaiTvaliswinos, rom sinuri Satberdulisgan 

naklul nawilSic gansxvavebuli iqneboda, 

amitom es Sevseba pirobiTia. sinuri teqstebi ZiriTadad 

qveyndeba ise, rogorc es xelnawerebSia mocemuli. 

datovebulia xelnaweris orTografia: magaliTad iÁ, 

uo, eÀ. yvela teqstologiuri operacia teqstSive 

aris aRniSnuli specialuri niSnebiT. es niSnebia: [ ] 

SemTxveviT gamorCenilis aRdgena, < > uyuradRebobiT 

gamowveuli metoba. gadamwerebis iseTi Secdoma, romelic 

sityvis azrs cvlis an amaxinjebs, gasworebulia da 

xelnaweris varianti Catanilia sqolioSi. 

A“wmida ninos cxovrebis” vrceli redaqciis axal 

gamocemaSi Tavebis saTvalavi tradiciulisgan gansxvavebiT 

aris mocemuli. mTavari is aris, rom Cemi azriT, 

e.w. “matianes” Tavisi saTvalavi ar unda hqonoda. rogorc 

Cans, is calke wignad iyo gaazrebuli “wm. ninos cxovrebasTan” 

gaerTianebis merec. Tavebis saTvalavi iwyeboda 

“wm. ninos cxovrebidan”. “wm. ninos cxovrebisaTvis” danarTad 

ganixileboda, agreTve, “mirian mefis anderZi” da 

iakob mRvdlis “jvris aRmarTebisaTvis” Txroba, romlebic 

aseve saTvalavis gareT aris gatanili. 

zaza aleqsiZe 

329

teqstebi 

gamosacemad moamzada da SeniSvnebi daurTo 

zaza aleqsiZem 

330 

Satberduli redaqcia 

da iyo, dReTa kostantine mefisaTa, qristes aRmaRlebiTgan 

samas da meaTesa welsa, iyo Ruawli brZolisaÁ 

mterTagan da friad ereodes mefesa kostantines, Zesa 

kostaÁssa. da gulgdebul iyo urvaTagan kostanti 

keisari. 

iyo vinme kaci efeseli da warmoTqua winaSe mefisa, 

viTarmed: `qristeaneni igi hromni da yovelni hindoni 

da visca vis aqus Sjuli igi axali qristes wmidisaÁ 

ZeliT juarisaÁTa da misiTa sasovebiTa sZleven mterTa 

Zlierad~. 

mas Jamsa aRiZra mefÀ gundebiTa, da waravlina moyvanebad 

ebiskoposTa ierusalÀmiT, antioqiaÁT, hromiT da 

aleqsandriaÁT. da naTel-iRo man Tavadman da dedaman 

misman banakiTurT. 

miT JamiTgan meaTesa welsa warvida helene ierusalÀmd 

Ziebad patiosnisa juarisa. da meaToTxmetesa welsa 

ivltoda dedakaci vinme mefeTa evadagi, saxeliT rifsime, 

romlisame mizezisaTÂs deda-mZuZiTurT. 

da iyo mis Tana tyue erTi dedakaci Suenieri, saxeliT 

nino, romlisa saqmÀ misi gamoiZia helene dedofalman, da 

iyo igi hromi mTavari, da TÂT moevlo gzaÁ TÂsi da 

eqmnnes kurnebani. da mowevnul iyo saberZneTa da hmoZ- 

Rurida mTavarsa mas rifsimes. 

da viTarca warmoivltoda rifsime zRuad, gaÁane da 

nino da sxuani vinme maT Tana gamovides areTa somxiTisaTa, 

sayofelsa Trdat mefisasa, da igini imartÂlnes 

mun. 

xolo nino daSTa da warmoemarTa mTaTa kerZo CrdiloÁsaTa 

da movida mdinaresa mtkuarsa, mohyva da movida 

mcxeTad, qalaqsa didsa mefeTa

N/Sin-48 

. . . . [1r]sajdomelsa. da iyo mwirobiT sam wel, ilocvida 

farulad adgilsa erTsa, mrwamliTa mayulisaÁTa 

Seburvilsa. 

da Seqmna nasxlevisa saxed juari da aRidga igi mun 

da ilocvida igi mis winaSe. da maT mayualTa adgili 

zemoÁsa eklesiisa sakurTxeveli ars. 

da meoTxesa welsa iwyo qadagebad da xarebad qristes 

RmrTisa Sjulisa da Tqua, rameTu: [1v]`vpove cTomasa 

Sina CrdiloÁsa ese queyanaÁ”. da meequsesa welsa arwmuna 

nana dedofalsa, colsa mefisasa, sensa Sina missa. da 

meSÂdesa welsa arwmuna mefesa saswauliTa qristesmieriTa. 

da mswrafl aRaSÀna eklesiaÁ quemo samoTxesa Sina, 

ZelisaÁ, da sueti igi iyo ZelisaÁ, romeli TÂT aRemarTa. 

da aRages eklesiaÁ. [2r]da waravlinna mefeman mociqulni 

da wigni ninoÁsi mefisa kostantin[essa sab]erZne- 

Ta Txo[vad] mRdel[T]a. [xolo] mociqul[ni ig]i mswrafl 

mi[iwivnes] w[inaSe] mefisa. 

da m[osc]a mefeman ebiskoposi ÁovaneÁ da orni [mR] 

delni da erTi diakoni da xati macxovrisaÁ da [Z]eli 

cxorebisaÁ da wigni el[en]e dedo[fl]isaÁ ninoÁs[TÂs]. 

[2v]da viTarca movides, naTeli moiRes mirian mefeman 

da nana dedofalm[an] da yovelman sax[lma]n maTman. 

iTxoves [x]À ebiskoposma[n] da nino, raÁTa Se[q]mna[n] 

[juari]. da Zieba yves [x]uroTa da poves xÀ erTi, mdgomare 

borcusa zeda kldisasa, romelsa furceli misi 

araÁ odes dascÂoda da sul-hamoÁ iyo xÀ ese da Suenoda 

friad, [viTarca mad]liT Semosil[i]. [3r]da adgili 

igi borcÂ Seuval iyo kldisagan. da viTarca SesTnda 

xuroTa sikÀTe xisaÁ mis, uTxres mefesa da ebiskopossa. 

da warvides rev, ZÀ mefisaÁ, da mTavar-diakoni da ixiles 

Suenierad dgomaÁ xisaÁ mis. xolo furclooda JamTa 

arisaTa. da ityoda mTavardiakoni igi muÃlsa daviTissa: 

“ese xÀ ars Tanawarsavalisa kldisasa zegardamoÁTa [3v] 

cuariTa morwyuli da furcelni misni araÁ dascÂvnen 

ukunisamde” * . 

da ubrZana xuroTa mokueTaÁ xisaÁ mis da Seqmnes 

* Sdr. fs. 1. 2, 132. 2. 

331

saxÀ patiosnisa juarisaÁ, viTarca aswava mTavar-diakonman, 

sam guamad Seqmnes xisa misg(a)ni: tanisagan erTi, 

mÃarTagan orni da orni guamisagan. erTi-igi ahmarTes 

mcxeTas, viTarca-igi sweria mciresa mas mokled aRwerilsa 

wignsa qarTlis moqcevisasa, grigol [4r]diakonisa 

mier aRwerilsa, da erTi juari ahmarTa mirianve mefeman 

mTasa Sina maRnarisasa, romelsa hrqÂan TxoTisaÁ, da 

erTi-igi maxlobelad patiosnisa juarisave. 

da waravlina mirian mefeman da iTxova saberZneTiT 

qvis mTlelni da kiriT xuroni. da moscna mefeman da 

warmovides eruSeTa da dadves saZirkuveli eklesiÁsaÁ, 

da dauteves ferÃTa [4v] ficarni macxovrisa Cuenisa iesu 

qristesi. da warmovides mangliss da dadves saZirkuveli 

eklesiisaÁ, da dauteves samSWuali da esreT movides 

mcxeTad. 

da daiwyo mefeman [SenÀbad] eklesiasa gareubnisasa 

qviTa. da viTarca cna mefeman, rameTu dadves saZirkuveli 

pirvel eruSeTs da mangliss, da dauteves mun sasurveli 

igi ficari da samSWuali, aRivso urviTa da [5r] [daaye] 

na saqmÀ mo[wra]febisa, vidre a[ra isw]ava mT[avarebiskop] 

osis[agan] - - - - - - - - - - - r... [da aRivso] si[xaruliTa] 

[5v] mefe da myis - - - - - huri[a]- - - - - - - - - man 

- - - - - - - - - - ZÀ - - - - - - - - - - is... [6r] `...mowevnul 

iyo kuarTi igi qristÀsi ierusalÀmiT mcxeTad~. 

da hmadlobda RmerTsa da ityoda: `kurTxeul xar Sen, 

ufalo iesu qriste, Zeo RmrTisa cxovelisao, rameTu 

Sen pirvelve ginda ÃsnaÁ Cueni eSmakisagan da adgilisa 

misgan bnelisa, odes-igi samoseli Seni ebraelTa amaT 

warmoec wmidiT qalaqiT ierusalÀmiT ucxoTa amaT na- 

TesavTa qalaqad, rameTu juar-cumasa Sensa amas qalaqsa 

mefobdes mamani Cuenni~. 

da amas zeda gulsmodgine iqmna [6v] igi mefÀ da waremarTa 

qristeanobasa moswrafebasa da yoveli qalaqi mis 

Tana. maSin sanatrelman dedofalman nino Tqua: `kurTxeul 

ars RmerTi da mamaÁ uflisa Cuenisa iesu qristÀsi, 

romelman moavlina sityuaÁ wmidaÁ misi caTa maRalTaÁT 

TÂT Zlierisagan saydrisa queyanad madlobad, Sendobad 

ueWuelad ÃorciTa Teslisagan daviTisa da dedakacisagan 

martod Sobilisa, wmidisa da ubiwoÁsa, romeli 

saTno eyo mas... 

332

[7r]... da warhmarTa mcired maxÂli maT zeda, da SiSiT 

miscnes Tavni maTni naTlisRebasa da dalewnes kerpni 

maTni. da warvides erwod da dadga edems dabasa, JaleTs 

da naTel-sca erwo-TianelTa. da yuarelTa raÁ esma ese, 

gardakrbes TuSeTs, romelni kualad Trdat mefeman 

moiyvanna da monaTlna. da nino Cavida kxueTa da dadga 

kawareTs da monaTlna kxuni da sujni eriTurT * maTiT. 

[7v]da gardavida kaxeTa da dadga igi qvel-dabas. 

da moiyvanna kaxni mTavarni, amaTve mefeTa naTesavni, da 

naTel-sca da ganiSora naTlvaÁQ maTi. 

da dasneulda da waremarTa da miiwia kxueTa, dabasa, 

romelsa ewodebis bodisi. verRara uZlo slvad. da moxolo-vides 

uJarmiT qalaqiT rev, ZÀ mefisaÁ, da salomÀ, 

coli misi, da asuli maTi da zeda daadges mourned. 

da mouvlines mefeman [da colman] [8r] misman nana dedofalman 

iovane mTavrebiskoposi kiTxvad da waryvanebad. 

xolo man ara ineba, aramed dahvedra iakob mRdeli mefesa 

da ebiskopossa, raÁTa Semdgomad missa man daipyras 

saydari mcxeTisaÁ. 

da mis winaSe misca wigni salomes elene dedoflisaÁ, 

romeli moewera ninoÁsa, mociqulobiT da maxareblobiT 

Semkobili, da Zeli cxorebisaÁ warsca nana dedofalsa. 

da Sewira Jami iovanÀ [8v] da aziara ninoÁ ganmacxovelebelsa 

Ãorcsa da sisxlsa qristÀssa, da wariRo ese 

sagzlad saukunod. da Sehvedra suli TÂsi ÃelTa RmrTisaTa 

qarTls moslviTgan misiT ocdamexuTmetesa welsa 

da qristÀs amaRlebiTgan samas ocdaTurametsa welsa, 

dasabamiTgan xuT aTas rvaas ocdaTurametsa welsa. 

[9r] maSin SeiZrnes orni ese qalaqni _ mcxeTaÁ da 

uJarmaÁ da yoveli qarTli sikudilsa missa. da movides 

da dahmarxes ZleviTSemosili guami [mi]si adgilsave 

zeda bods, sofelsa kxueTisasa. 

da warvida mirian mefe da yoveli eri, rameTu iqmodes 

eklesiasa zemosa qviTa. da gaiSores meocesa welsa. 

da meocdaerTesa welsa mokuda mirian mefÀ da daefla 

[9v] saSovalsa eklesiasa, suetsa samxriTsa, CrdiloÁT 

kerZosa. da mas suetsa Sina ars nawili suetisa mis 

naTlisa mis cxovelisaÁ. da meoresa welsa mokuda nana 

dedofali da daefla [9v]dasavaliT kerZo, sada mirian 

mefÀ daflul iyo. 

* ariTurT. 

333

334 

N/Sin-50 

[Tavi: a:] 

I. da iyo, odes-igi aRasrula srbaÁ TÂsi sarwmunoebasa 

zeda wmidisa samebisasa wmidaman, sanatrelman 

dedakacman nino, romeli gueqmna maxarebel gulTa Cuen- 

Ta da embaz sulTa da ÃorcTa CuenTa, da guauwya Cuen 

mamakacebr erTarsebaÁ wmidisa samebisaÁ, romeli ara 

daayena dedobrivman bunebaman da arca uZruloebaman 

ÃorcTaman daabrkola slvad gza[7r]Ta maT ficxelTa, 

da arca simravleman wyalTaman, da arca umecrebaman da 

ucxoTa maT naTesavTa aRrevaman, aramed viTarca visme 

dedasa SvilT-moyuaresa warhpara vinme Svili sayuareli 

da mravalisamca Jamisa auwya yofaÁ misi Sorsa queyanasa, 

da siyuarulisa misgan aRiZris da ganmartnis viTarca 

orbman frTeni TÂsni, da bralebiT rbin da eZiebn da 

hkiTxavn yovelTa mogzaurTa gzasa mis qalaqisasa, sada-igi 

uwyebul arn [7v]yofaÁ Svilisa TÂsisaÁ, egrÀTve 

wmidaÁ ese da netari dedakaci ikiTxvida qalaqsa amas 

Cuensa da eZiebda Ãsnasa sulTa CuenTasa. 

viTar-igi ganiSora erTi ese queyanaÁ, sameufoÁ 

Crdilo[Á]saÁ, mcxeTisaÁ, mefeTa sajdomeli, movida 

dedakaci ese da arwmuna yovelTa aRsaarebad mamaÁ, ZÀ 

da suli wmidaÁ, naTlisRebaÁ, da sikudili qristÀsi da 

aRdgomaÁ da Semdgomad sikudilisa ukudavebaÁ da cxorebaÁ 

da meored moslvaÁ Zisa RmrTisaÁ queyanad, mar- 

TalTa cxorebaÁ, da codvilTa SurisgebaÁ, rameTu misi 

ars sufevaÁ ukuniTi ukunisamde da mermeca. [8r] 

Tavi [:b:] 

da iyo, maTve JamTa Sina mirian mefisaTa, raJams moinaTla 

dedufali ese suji da mis Tana mTavarni mravalni 

Ãelsa Sina ninoÁssa bods Sina, aRiZra SuriTa saRmr- 

ToÁTa da surviliTa wmidisa sionisa kaTolike eklesiÁsaÁTa, 

romel-igi wmidisa ninoÁs mier moeniWa sofelsa 

cnobad naTeli WeSmariti, suji igi dedufali warmoemarTa 

xilvad da Tayuaniscemad wmidisa sionisa da 

maxarebelisa ninoÁsa. da slvasa mas missa Sina ityoda 

mowled: `viTar mamaTa CuenTaÁ ver gulisÃma-eyo gzaÁ

ese WeSmaritebisaÁ, romeli-igi gÂTxrian vaWarTa hromTa 

[8v]da berZenTa, viTarmed Cuenni mefeni esre mefoben da 

esrÀT arian eklesiani, juarsa Tayuanis-scemen, da me maradis 

Sevisuarebode cremliTa cxeliTa, viTarca sisxliTa. 

xolo aw TualiTa CemiTa vixile naTeli gamobrwyinebad 

warmarTTa zeda. aw raÁme Sevwiro Senda, sion 

wmidao, garna Tu ese _ pirvelad Sevwiro Senda Tavi Cemi 

SvilebiTurT da naTesaviT da sarudunebeliT CueniT, 

da meored _ qalaq knini SarTiani da dabaÁ didi bodisi 

Senda Sevwirne~. 

da arRara aRÃda etlTa misTa zeda, aramed terfni 

misni miwasa zeda da qvaTa zeda movidoda. da moÁwia 

zeda mdinaresa aragusa da didroda [9r]mdinarÀ igi 

friad. da ukuiqceodes msaxurni igi misni yovelni mar- 

Tl-ukun. xolo igi dedufali tiriliT iareboda kidesa 

mdinarisasa, viTarca yrmaÁ ZuZuÁsaTÂs dedisa suroda 

da darCa dedufali martoÁ zeda mdinaresa. da xedvida 

iovane mTavarebiskopozi da yoveli eri, viTarmed 

eriTa didiTa movidoda vinme wyalsa Ámier da ayenebdes, 

raÁTa daadroon gamosulaÁ. xolo aman, sarwmunoman 

dedufalman, iloca RmrTisa mimarT da aÃda erTsa 

saÃedarsa da Sevida wyalsa, da ganudga mdinarÀ igi, 

viTarca tbaÁ mdgomeli adgiloan, da ganvida uvnebelad. 

da miegebvodes mas erni eklesiÁsani da mefenica da salome 

uJarmeli dedufali, mandave iyo. [9v]da yovelni 

miegebvodes mas. da Semovida igi mtirali, viTarca aqus 

CueulebaÁ morwmuneTa. da odes Semovidoda eklesiad, 

aRdga mTavarebiskopozi eriTurT da mefÀ palatisa 

kacebiTurT da Sevides eklesiad. da yves litaniaÁ da 

locvaÁ, vidremdis yoveli qalaqi Zwoda da eklesiad 

miÁswrafda, rameTu peruJavri dedufali, qarTlisa erisTvisa 

dedaÁ, iyo arqisi. da iyo zari didi mas dResa 

Sina. da moÁRes juari da locvaÁ wmidisa mamisa mTavarepiskopozisagan 

iovaneÁsgan. da hxedvida sakÂrvelebaTa 

maT da uTxrobdes saswaulTa maT, saSinelTa xilvaTa. 

da zar-ganÃdil iqmna dedu[10r]fali igi. 

maSin moÁRo wigni wmidisa ni[n]oÁsi wmidisa mimarT 

mTavrisa, iovane ebiskopozisa mimarT da mefisa dabiT 

bodisiT, rameTu miwevnul iyo mun da iyo sneul sicxisa 

da xurvebisagan, romelica eqmna mas salmoba sasiku- 

335

dine. da weril iyo esre: `mefesa mirians, morwmunesa 

qristÀssa da TanaSeerTebulsa wmidaTa mefeTasa, sarwmunoebasa 

wmidisa samebisasa, aRsaarebasa qristÀs, Zisa 

RmrTisasa, da Tayuaniscemasa juarisa misisasa; mogemadlen 

Sen zeciT gardamo, viTarca cuari gardamomavali, 

simravlÀ wyalobisaÁ garemo banaksa da Sinagan palatsa, 

yovelsa ersa Tquensa, iyavn siqadul juari qristÀsi da 

sul pirisa qriste ufali, amen. 

[10] àha esera, me movle sanaxebi qarTlisaÁ, zogadi 

adgili mTaTa da barTaÁ, da avasrule saxarebaÁ Cemi 

da vpove Sewe[v]naÁ uflisamieri, da SeÁwynares yovelTa 

qadagebaÁ Cemi da miscnes kerpni maTni cecxlsa dasawuvelad, 

da moÁqces cTomaTa maTTagan, da miÁRes naTeli 

da Tayuanis-scemen wmidasa juarsa, da juarcumulsa 

Seudgan yovelni, romelni Seudgan, romlisaTÂs Senda 

jer ars sixaruli, mefeo, da didebisa miRebad yovelTa 

Semoqmedisa RmrTisa, rameTu dReTa SenTa mohxedna Rmer- 

Tman queyanisa napralsa erTsa CrdiloÁsasa, romlisa 

mTani daefarnes nislsa codvisasa da velni armulsa 

cTomisasa, da iyo dRÀ RamÀ da naTeli _ bnel. da sufevda 

mas [11r]Sina soflismpyrobeli igi mTavari, romeli 

qroda haerisa suliTa da STaabnevda yovelTa sulTa 

kacTasa jojoxeTa, romeli ganaota ufalman suliTa 

pirisa misisaÁTa queyaniT da sircxÂleuli miÁvltis 

CrdiloÁT mTaTa da adgilTa bnelisaTa sacTuriTurT 

misiT. xolo Sen zeda gamobrwyinda naTeli samxrisaÁ 

da mzÀ simarTlisaÁ, qriste RmerTi didebiTurT misiT, 

romlisa axali gemoÁ gixilavs, rameTu tkbil ars 

ufali, da naTlisRebiTa qriste Segimosies da frTeTa 

misTa sagrilsa ganisueneb. 

`xolo me esera, moviwie queyanasa kxueTisasa, dabasa 

bodiss. da Ãsenebulmca ars dedufali ege suji, rameTu 

aRiZra ege SuriTa saRmrToÁTa [11v]dalewad kerpTa 

da moqcevad erisa maTisa saerisTvoÁsaÁ, da waravlina 

mswrafl sivnieTa Zmisa da asulÁsa da guaspuragnad 

astironisa, da moiyvanna. da yovelTa naTel-iRes aqa, 

bods Sina, da icnes RmerTi da Zali misi; gulisÃma-yves, 

rameTu igi Tavadi ars Semoqmedi yovlisa dabadebulisaÁ, 

da hmadloben mamasa da Zesa da wmidasa sulsa, da 

swyaloben pirvel mamaTa maT, cTomaTa Sina warsrul- 

336

Ta, da ese yovelni moÁswrafian mand, moÃsenebulsa mas 

qalaqsa da Sewyalebulsa mefesa da didebiTa savsesa 

mas taZarsa RmrTisasa, romel Sen aRuSÀne RmerTsa saxlad 

saukunod queyanasa zeda, sadidebelad saxelisa 

misisa da xilvad [12r]suetsa mas wmidasa, romeli mklavman 

RmrTisaman aRiRo da ciT Camo TÂT daamyara xari[s] 

xsa zeda, da Tayuaniscemad juarsa mas wmidasa, romeli 

aRemarTa zeda borcusa, myarsa mas kldesa Seuryevelsa, 

da mayualTaca maTTÂs, romelni ixilnes TualTa Tquen- 

Ta mas Sina. da miuZRÂn * RmerTi amaT aqaÁT manda. 

`xolo odes movlen, didebaÁ da pativi Tquenisa mefobisaebr 

wina-aCueneT da kualsa miadgineT, yovelni 

saswaulni uTxreniT, yovelni sakÂrvelni saqmeni da 

kurnebani uCueneniT, raÁTa uwyodian Zali Zisa RmrTisaÁ 

da SewevnaÁ misi morwmuneTaTÂs, da moaS[u]rveT Cemda 

wmidaÁ igi mamaTmTavari da keTili mwyemsi samwysoTa 

[12v]sulierTaÁ, raÁTa warmogzavnos da momces sagzali 

sulisa CemisaÁ, rameTu movida da moÁwia Jami dRisa dalevnisaÁ 

da mzisa Cemisa davsebisaÁ, rameTu ara Tu 

dRÀ da mzÀ SeÁcvalebian wesTa maTTa, aramed me dResa 

dauRamdebi da igi hgian ukunisamde, me mzesa avevsebi da 

igi ars ukunisamde, aramed yovelsa zeda didebul 

da kurTxeul saxeli wmidisa samebisaÁ~. 

da iyo, viTar miÁwivnes yovelni igi mTavarni mSorobelni 

eriTa mravliTa mcxeTad, qalaqad didad da 

didebulad adgilad wmidad siond, saxlad RmrTisa, 

da ixilnes sakÂrvelebani da saswaulni da kurnebani 

mravalni, rameTu mravalni brmani yofiliyunes da yunes 

mxedvel, [13r]da senTagan TiTo saxeTa Ãsnilni, gankurnebulni 

dges da adidebdes RmerTsa. mefÀ da coli misi 

da yoveli qarTli mun iyo da iqmnebodes grgÂnvani 

qalaqsa Sina qebisa da madlobisani RmrTisa mimarT, 

da mdinareni cremlTani sdiodes yovelsa kacsa. maSin 

SeZrwundes ucxoni igi mTavarni da yovladve zecad 

ver ikadrebdes axilvad, aramed cremliT locvasa da 

vedrebasa RmrTisa, viTarca ZRuensa, Seswirvides. da 

romelni sneulni iyunes maT Tana, myis iqmnes cocxal 

da uvnebel da adidebdes mamasa da Zesa da wmidasa 

sulsa, da wariswrafdes ninoÁs Tana naTlis-dedisa da 

* miuZeRÂn. 

337

naTlisa momcemelisa, sulierad dedisa maTisa, rameTu 

iyo igi netari mZime salmobaTagan misTa. 

maSin mouwoda abiaTars astiron mTavarman guas[13v] 

furagnelman farulad da hrqua: `mauwye, sayuarelo, Sen 

ara huriaTa mRdel iyava, wiliT xuedrebuli mkÂdri, mamani 

Senni aqa mowevniTgan, rameTu arian welni, vinaÁTgan 

mamani Tquenni aqa, mcxeTad movides, :Cfg:, da baginisani 

iyveniT Tquen da arasada vis asmia maTgansa Tquengan qebaÁ 

qristianeTaÁ? xolo aw esera, Sen gxedav da asulsa 

Sensa, rameTu yoveli dagitevebia da yoveli eri sityÂTa 

SeniTa gangibnevia, da xÀ igi Suenieri dagicemia da bagini 

dagimÃobia, da ufroÁs yovelTasa xar Sen moswrafe, 

qristÀs msaxurebasa hqadageb, awev da aswaveb da minebs 

smenis Zali saqmisa SenisaÁ~. 

miugo abiaTar da hrqua: `moved Sen da yovelni mTavarni 

winaSe mefisa da warmovTqua sityuebi saqmierebri~. 

[14r]da Semokrfes yovelni palatsa mefisasa da 

iwyo sityuad abiaTar: 

ùwyode Sen, astiron mTavaro, da yovelTa queyanisa 

mTavarTa, romel mefeman TÂT icis, me naTesavi 

beniaminisi var rCuliTa mosÀsmieriTa, wurTil friad 

wignTa yoveli Cueni naTesavi, da arian wignni huriaTani 

didad friad, da uwyinod Sevlen kiTxvasa maTsa. misTÂs 

ese mikÂrda gonebasa, Tu yovelni wignni ayenebdes sxuasa 

RmerTsa ucxosa mixedvad, garna RmrTisa erTisa; da mociqulTaÁ 

maTi mikÂrda esre SedgomaÁ qristÀsTÂs 

da misTÂs sikudili stefanes da pavles pir[vel] damikÂrdeboda, 

vidremdis moÁwia siRrmesa saqmeTa maTTasa. 

ese yovelni [14v]wignni amisTÂs wamebdes, viTarmed 

Secvalebad iyo rCuli da rCulismdebeli, da moslvad 

iyo RmerTi queyanad msgavsad kacisa litonisa JamTa aRsrulebad, 

wyalTagan naTlisRebad, samaresa dadebaÁ da 

aRdgomaÁ dResa mesamesa. ese CemTave wignTa mauwyes WeSmaritad 

da vnaxeni ebistoleni pavlesi, naTesavisa Cemisani, 

gulisÃma-vyav sibrZnÀ misi da movelode gamoÃsnasa 

Cemsa pirvelisa misi mosawyinebelisa RmrTisa huriaTa 

rCulisagan, rameTu mowyinebasa Cuensa ityoda RmerTi 

piriTa winawarmetyuelTaÁTa qristÀsamde mosulasa RmrTisasa 

ityodes queyanad, muniTgan dascxres da da[d] 

umnes da risxvasa Seeyennes. [15r]dResamde qristÀsiT- 

338

gan arian welni :tld: arRara yo RmerTman moxedvaÁ 

israÀlsa zeda. me viyav dakÂrvebul, xolo aravin iyo 

moZRuar da msmenel da mkiTxvel amas queyanasa, vidre 

dResamde, odes moxedna RmerTman queyanasa qarTlisasa 

da moavlina dedakaci erTi ubiwoÁ, ubraloÁ, yudroÁ, mo- 

SiSebiTa RmrTisaÁTa Semosili nino, dedaÁ Cueni. misgan 

vixilen sakÂrvelebani kurnebaTani da niSanni sazarelni, 

da saswaulni saSinelni amis suetisa aRmarTebasa da 

eklesiÁsa aRSÀnebasa, da juarisa aRdgmasa mayualTa maT 

Sina misTa saucxoveTa, vidremdis SevZrwi [15v]da viqmen 

me mowafe mowafisa misisa, asulisa Cemisa da naTel-viRe 

me da naTesavman Cemman mravalman. da vadidebd mamasa 

da Zesa da wmidasa sulsa aw da maradis da ukuniTi 

ukunisamde, amen!~ 

da daukÂrda friad mTavarsa astirons sityuaÁ igi 

abiaTar mRdelisaÁ da adidebda RmerTsa, yovelTa 

sakÂrvelebaTa misTa. 

da viTar movlo wmidaman da sanatrelman nino sanaxebi 

ese qarTlisaÁ da moÁwia queyanasa kxoeTisasa, dabasa, 

romelsa hrqÂan bodisi, dasneulda sneulebiTa didiTa, 

romliTaca mokuda. maSin Sekrfes mefeni [16r]queyanisani 

dedebiTurT maTiT da yrmebiT da simravlÀ erTa ZlierTaÁ, 

rameTu hxedvida yoveli kaci pirsa ninoÁssa, vi- 

Tarca zecisa angelozisasa, dascueTed mciresa mas Zuelsa 

samoselsa misisasa samTxuevelad sarwmunoebiT 

da iZulebiT. 

evedrebodes yovelni igi dedufalni, garemoÁs missa 

msxdomareni, romelTa gardamosdiodes cremlni mwareni 

TualTagan maTTa ganSorebisaTÂs moZRurisa maTisa 

da moRuawisa mis da sneulTa usasyidlod mkurnalisa 

Ãelovnisa. da etyoda dedufali salome uJarmeli da 

peruJavri sivnieli [16v]da maT Tana yovelni mTavarni, 

da hkiTxvides: `viTar, anu vinaÁ mohSuer Sen queyanasa 

Cuensa ganmaTavisuflebelad sulTa CuenTaTÂs da gÂÃsen 

Cuen kerpTa msaxurebisagan da gÂCuene Cuen RmerTi, 

romelman dagubadna, a[n]u sadaÁT-me iyo aRZrvaÁ Seni, 

dedufalo, mauwye Cuen Seni saqmeÁ, viTar ityÂ tyueobasa, 

tyueTa mÃsnelo, sanatrelo, rameTu aha esera gÂswavies 

Cuen Sen mier, viTarmed yofil arian winawarmetyuelni 

pirvel qristÀs Zisa RmrTisa da merme mociqulni 

339

aTormetni da sameocdaaTormetni, Cuenda araÁvin moavlinna 

RmerTman, garna Sen?~. 

maSin iwyo sityuad nino da Tqua: [17r]àsulno sarwmunoebisano, 

maxarebelno RmrTisano, gxedav Tquen, vi- 

Tarca pirvelTa dedaTa yovelsa zeda sarwmunoebasa da 

siyuarulsa qristÀssa, da gnebavs gzaTa CemTa cnobad 

glaxakisa mÃevlisa TquenisaÁ da gauwyo Tquen: aha esera, 

mosrula suli Cemi ÃorÃad Cemda da dameZinebian 

ZiliTa miT dedisa CemisaÁTa saukunod. aramed moÁxueniT 

aRsawerelni wignisani, dawereniT siglaxakeÁ Cemi da 

udebi cxorebaÁ Cemi, raÁTa uwyodian SvilTaca TquenTa 

sarwmunoebaÁ Tqueni da SewynarebaÁ Cemi da saswaulni 

ese RmrTisa Cuenisani, romelni gixilvan mciredni mTaTa 

zeda maT Sina suetisa aRmarTebasa da mier [17v]wyarosa 

mas zeda da vidre aqa moslvadmde Cemda TÂT ufalman 

icis da sulman Cemman, romeli uxilavs Tualsa Cemsa 

[18r] zeciT gardamo queyanasa zeda~. 

maSin mswrafl mo-xolo-ixunes sawerelni da iwyo 

sityuad, da igini werdes. wina Sobisa misisa mSobelTa 

misTa saqmeTa mis Tana moaÃsenna da Tqua: 

340 

[Tavi :g:] 

iyo, maT JamTa, odes-igi giorgi, aRsaarebiTa kabadukieli, 

iwama qristÀsTÂsa aRsaarebiTa. maT dReTave Sina 

kaci vinme kabadukiaÁT, mTavarTa Sesabami, monaÁ RmrTisaÁ, 

warvida hromd mefisa winaSe msaxurebad da niWisa 

moRebad. 

da maTve dReTa Sina kaci vinme iyo kualastas Sina 

da esxnes Svil or: Ze da asul, saxeli Zisa misisaÁ iobenali 

da asulisa misisaÁ [18v]susana. da aResrula kaci 

igi da coli misi, da darCes da-Zmani ese obolni. aRdges 

da warvides ierusalÀmd da imed-yves imedi igi yovelTa 

qristeaneTaÁ _ wmidaÁ aRdgomaÁ, da mievedrnes eseni mun. 

da ZmaÁ igi miemTxÂa devtalarobasa, xolo susana hmsaxurebda 

minaforsa sara beTlemelsa. 

xolo ese Wabuki kabadukieli miÁwia hromd winaSe mefisa. 

da ewyvnes branjni hromTa mefesa brZolad velsa 

zeda polotianisasa, da mosca RmerTman Zali uZleveli 

Wabuksa mas kabadukielsa da qmna winaaRdgomaÁ uzomoÁ

mterTaÁ, vidremdis miaqcivna sil[v]tolad. da SeÁpyra 

mefÀ branjuTaÁ [19r]da mis Tana erisTavni da mTavarni 

mravalni, da miÁyvanna winaSe mefisa mefÀ igi branjunTaÁ 

da mis Tana mTavarni mravalni. xolo mefeman ganawesa 

sikudili maTi. 

maSin iwyes tirilad branjuTa maT da evedrebodes 

zabilons: `moguec Cuen pirvelad rCuli Tqueni da 

SegÂyvaneniT taZarsa RmrTisa Tquenisasa da maSin iyavn 

sikudili Cueni, rameTu Sencave SegÂpyren da Senve yav 

ese Cuen zeda, da ubralo iyo sisxlisagan Cuenisa~. 

xolo zabilons-Ra esma ese, auwya mefesa sityuaÁ maTi 

da patriaqsa, da misca naTeli Ãelsa queSe zabilonissa * 

da Seiyvannes taZarsa RmrTisasa da [19v]aziara saÁdumloTa 

qristÀsTa. da uCuennes didebaÁ wmidaTa mociqulTaÁ. 

da dileul aRdges branjni igi da samoseli 

samk[u]droÁ SeÁmoses da ganvides adgilsa mas kacTa saklavsa, 

sasisxlesa da ilocvides da hmadlobdes Rmer- 

Tsa naTlisRebasa da ziarebasa zeda, da ityodes: `Cuen 

sikudilsa Sina ukudav varT, rameTu Rirs myvna Cuen 

RmerTman eseviTarsa didebasa xilvad da moRebad sagzalsa 

mas daul[e]vnelsa, Ãorcsa da sisxlsa qristÀs, 

Zisa RmrTisa ukudavisasa, romel ars umaRlÀs ufroÁs 

yovelTa maRalTa da uquesknelÀs yovelTa siRrmeTa, 

rameTu igi ars kurTxeul ukunisamde. xolo vaÁ naTesavTa 

CuenTa, nayofTa [20r]simwarisaTa, mkÂdrTa bnelisa- 

Ta~. da Ãmobdes Zlierad da wadierad: `moviden meÃrmlÀ 

ege da aRixuen Tavni Cuenni Cuengan da mswrafl movideT 

winaSe qristÀsa~. 

amas raÁ hxedvida zabilon, aRiZra gonebiTa da tiroda, 

rameTu viTarca cxovarTa Tavni maTni klvad waripyrnes, 

da viTarca kravTa SvilTa maTTa swyalobdes. gamoÁTxovnnes 

mefisagan da Sekazmulni ganutevnes. xolo igini 

evedrebodes zabilons, raÁTa warhyves queyanasa maTsa 

da misces rCuli qristeanobisaÁ da naTlis-RebaÁ wyliTa 

yovelsa ersa maTsa. xolo man ismina sityÂsa maTisaÁ 

[20v]da moiTxova mRdeli patriaqisagan da brZanebaÁ 

moÁRo mefisagan, da warvides. 

da viTarca miÁwivnes dRisa erTisa savalsa, miÃda 

ambavi, viTarmed mefÀ movals cocxali da yovelni mTa- 

* zabilonisasa, Tumca bolodan meore a gadaxazuli Cans . 

341

varni mis Tana. SeÁZrnes aTni saerisTvoni: xolamaÁ, xozagaÁ, 

xlajaÁ, xeneSagi, ximgaragi, zaqaÁ, gazaÁ, zardaÁ, zamraÁ, 

Tmonigoni samefoÁ da yoveli moegebvoda mdinaresa 

zeda didsa Rdamrasa. da ganyo mefeman eri igi wyalsa 

mas imier da amier. da akurTxes mdinarÀ igi da STaÃda 

yoveli eri igi mdinaresa mas, ganibanebodes da aRmovidodes 

aRmosa[21r]valsa erTsa da dasdebda zabilon 

Ãelsa yovelsa ersa aT dRe. da aRmarTna karavni da 

Sewires Jami, da aziarnes saÁdumloTa qristÀsTa. 

da dautevna mRdelni da ganhkarga yoveli wesi, da 

misca ameni da warmovida niWiTa didiTa hromedve. da 

ganiZraxa gulsa TÂssa da Tqua: `warvide ierusalÀmd da 

vamsaxuro niWi ese Cemi wmidaTa maT glaxakTa ierusalÀmisaTa~. 

da warvida ierusalÀmd da misca yoveli monagebi 

misi glaxakTa. 

da devtelari * igi patriaq qmnul iyo da friad daÁmegobrnes 

urTierTars patriaqi da zabilon. dResa Sina 

erTsa [21v]hrqua sara niaforman patriaqsa: èse zabilon, 

mamaÁ da embazi branjeTisaÁ da kaci sruli sibrZniTa 

da RmrTis mecnierebiTa, mieca da[Á] ese Seni susana colad 

misa”. 

da warmovides TÂsa qalaqad kolasted da me oden 

viSev maTgan. da igini arian mSobelni Cemni oden. da 

aRmzarda dedaman Cemman wiaRTa Sina misTa msaxurebasa 

Sina glaxakTasa. da viTarca viqmen me aTormetis wlis, 

mSobelTa CemTa ganyides yovelive, raÁca aqunda, da warvides 

ierusalÀmd da mun ganuyves glaxakTa. 

maSin mamaman Cemman daÁwera [22r]juari patriaqisagan 

da ganijmna dedisagan Cemisa, Semitkbo me mkerdsa missa 

da damaRuarna, viTarca wyaroni, cremlni misni zeda 

pirsa Cemsa da mrqua me: `Sen xar, Svilo Cemo, romeli 

nebiTa RmrTisaÁTa viqmen Senda oden mama. esera dagiteveb 

Sen oblad Cemgan da migiTualav Sen mamasa caTasa 

da yovelTa mzrdelsa RmerTsa, rameTu igi ars mamaÁ 

obolTaÁ ** da msajuli qurivTaÁ; nu geSinin, Svilo Cemo, 

xolo Sen mariam magdanelisa Suri aÁRe qristÀs siyuarulisaTÂs 

da daTaÁ maT lazarÀsTaÁ, da Tu Sen egrÀT 

geSinodis misgan, viTarca maT, [22v]man egrÀT mogces Sen 

342 

* tevtelari 

** ubolTaÁ.

yoveli, raÁca sTxoo mas, odesca gindes~. da momca amborebaÁ 

* saukunoÁ da warvida wiaR Áordanesa, kacTa maT 

Tana velurTa, romlisa yofaÁ misi icis misman ufalman 

iesu. 

xolo dedaÁ Cemi misca patriaqman msaxurad dedaTa 

uZlurTa. da me vmsaxurebd niaforsa somexsa, dvinelsa, 

or wel da vhkiTxevdi yovladve vnebaTa maT qristÀsTa 

da juarcumasa da daflvasa, da adgomisa Zalsa, da samoslisa 

misTÂs, romel juarcumasa ganhsZuarces huriaTa 

da wil-igdes, da juarTasa [23r]mas, romelsa zeda 

ufali amaRlda, da orni igi avazakni mis Tana, sada arian 

da anu tiloni, romel guamsa missa wmidasa gare Sehgragnes 

arimaTielman ioseb da sud[a]risasa, romel-igi 

iyo Tavsa missa, yovelsave miwyebiT vhkiTxevdi, raÁTamca 

vcan, rameTu araÁ iyo, vin ars misebr mecnierebiTa Sjulisa 

gzasa ZuelTa da axalTa wignTa. 

xolo man iwyo yovlisave uwyebad Cemda da mrqua 

me: `vxedav, Svilo Cemo, Zalsa Sensa, viTarca Zalsa Zuvisa 

lomisasa, romeli iZaxebn yovelTa zeda oTxfer- 

ÃxTa; gina viTarca orbi dedali, [23v]romeli aRvidis 

simaRlesa aerTasa ufroÁs mamlisa, da yoveli Ãmeli 

mas gugasa Tualisa misisasa, mcirisa mis margalitisa 

sworisasa, yoveli queyanaÁ Semoayenis da ganixilis da 

ganicadis saWmeli misi cecxlebr, daÁnaxis, miutevnis 

frTeni misni SrialebiT da miefinis mas zeda, egreÁT 

iyos cxorebaÁ Seni~. 

[Tavi: d:] 

aw viwyo da giTxra Tquen yoveli: odes-igi ixiles 

RmerTi ukudavi kacTa mokudavTa queyanasa zeda, romeli 

mosrul iyo ganSorebad misgan erisa mis, romeli gamoiyvana 

queyaniT egÂptiT da misca maT queyanaÁ igi, romelsa 

Tualni misni hxedvides mas, da mowodebad [24r]ucxoTa na- 

TesavTa, ucxoTa RmerTTa monebulTa, viTarca TÂT unda 

ÃsnaÁ soflisaÁ, romeli dahbad[a]. iwyo keTilis yofad 

huriaTa: mkudarTa aRadginebda, brmaTa TualTa aRuxilvida 

da yovelTa sneulTa ganhkurnebda. da ese saswaulni 

raÁ ixilnes huriaTa maT, SeÁSurnes, SeÁZraxnes 

* ambaurebaÁ. 

343

da waravlinnes stratiotni yovelsa queyanasa swrafiT 

moslvad ierusalÀmd yovelTagan naTesavTa, da ityodes, 

rameTu aha esera, warvwymdebiTo. 

maSin moÁwivnes yovliT queyaniT kacni ricxuni, mecnierni 

Sjulisa mosÀsa, romelni-igi antraklad wina aRudges 

sulsa [24v]wmidasa da raÁ-igi TÂT unda qristesa, 

maT aRasrules: juars-acues, samoseli misi wil-iTxies. 

da hxuda wiliTa samoseli igi CrdiloelTa * , mcxeTel 

moqalaqeTa. amaT warmoÁRes da dahkrZales, da ver Sem- 

Zlebel arian SeZrvad, vidremdis ara TÂT ufalsa undes. 

xolo guami igi uflisaÁ maT dahfles, viTarca 

mkudari litoni da mowafeTa warparvisaTÂs zeda samaresa 

mas missa mcvelni daadginnes. aramed igi aRdga 

TÂT, viTarca ars RmerTi WeSmariti _ verca lodisa 

mis dabeWdvaman daayena da arca mcvelTa maT [25r]gankrZalulebaman. 

da ese yoveli warmo-Ra-Ácada filate. 

viTarca ganTena, movida saflavad pilate da coli misi 

da tiloni povnes. da moÁTxovna colman pilatÀsman da 

warvida swrafiT pontod, saxlad TÂsa, romeli iqmna 

morwmuneni qristesa. xolo tiloni igi mivides ÃelTa 

luka maxareblisaTa da dasTxivna igini man sada-igi TÂT 

icis. xolo sudari ara ipova, viTarca guamiT qristÀs. 

vieTme [Tques] petrÀsTÂs, viTarmed Ãel-ewifa axumado 

da aqundes maso, garna gancxade[25v]bulad ara miuTxres, 

viTar-ese juarTaÁca maT adgili araÁ-vin icis, aramed 

odesca enebos ufalsa, maSin gamoCnden. 

xolo me aRvdeg da aRvipyren Ãelni Cemni da mivec 

madli da kurTxevaÁ ufalsa, RmerTsa Cemsa, da TayuaniscemaÁ 

dedufalsa mas Cemsa amas yovelsa zeda Txrobasa 

missa da kualad vhkiTxe, Tu: `sada ars CrdiloÁsaÁ igi 

queyanaÁ, sada samoseli igi uflisa CuenisaÁ ars?~ `rqÂan 

CrdiloÁ queyanaÁ somxeTisaÁ, mTeuleTi ars sawarmar- 

ToÁ queyanaÁ, saÃelmwifoÁ berZenTaÁ [26r]da uJikTaÁ”. 

maT dReTa Sina movida dedakaci vinme efesiT qalaqiT 

Tayuaniscemad wmidisa adgomisad da hkiTxvida niafori 

dedakacsa mas, Tu: èlene dedufali da ZÀ misi 

egeTsave sibnelesa Sina ariana da mefobaÁ maTi?” xolo 

dedakacman man hrqua: “me var mÃevali maTi da maxlobeli 

gaZraxvisa maTisaÁ; didi wadierebaÁ aqus hromTa 

344 

* CrdiloÁelTa.

maT qristÀs mimarT SjulisaTÂs Tu naTlisRebisa~. 

xolo me varqu niaforsa: `warmavline me da warvide 

winaSe eleneÁsa, nuukue * mimiaxlos sityÂsgebad mis winaSe 

qristÀsTÂs~. da man auwya patriaqsa. xolo me miwoda 

wmidaman mamaman Cemman patriaq[26v]man, Zmaman dedisa 

Cemisaman, da damadgina aRsavalsa sakurTxevlisasa 

da damasxna wmidani Ãelni misni mÃarTa CemTa zeda, da 

sulT-iTquna cad mimarT da Tqua: ùfalo, RmerTo Cemo, 

RmerTo mamaTao da saukuneTao, ÃelTa SenTa Sevhvedreb 

obolsa amas Svilsa disa Cemisasa da warvavlineb qadagebad 

Senisa RmrTeebisa da raÁTa axaros adgomaÁ 

Seni, sadaca Sen saTno-iyo srbaÁ misi; eqmen, qriste, amas 

gza-mogzaur, moZRuar, ena-mecnier, viTarca-igi winaTa maT 

moSiSTa saxelisa SenisaTa~. da mijmna dedisagan Cemisa 

da momca juari da kurTxevaÁ. 

da warvemarTe dedakacisa mis Tana. [27r]da odes miviwieniT 

saxlad dedakacisa mis, mun vpoveT dedakaci vinme, 

mefeTa evadagi, saxeliT rifsime, romeli ierusalÀmiT 

naTlisRebasa, qristÀsa aRsarebisaTÂs hsuroda. maSin 

mimca me ÃelTa misTa dedakacman man da mivec mas naTeli 

ÃeliTa mRdelisaÁTa Ãelsa queSe Cemsa da ormeocdaaTsa 

sulsa mis Tana saxlisa misisaÁTa, da warvediT saxlad 

misa da viyveniT or wel. 

maSin mohxedna ufalman saberZneTsa da hrwmena mefesa 

kostantines da qristÀ aÁara man da dedakacman misman 

da elene dedufalman da yovelman palat-banakman maTman 

dasabamiTgan welTa xuT aTas rvaas [27v]ormeoc 

da erTsa, qristÀs amaRlebiTgan samas da TerTmetsa, da 

waremarTa yoveli saberZneTi qristeanobasa. meSÂdesa 

welsa krebaÁ iyo nikeas da mervesa welsa iyo sivltolaÁ 

Cueni saberZneTiT. 

rifsime dedufali da gaÁane deda-mZuZÀ da ormeocdaa- 

Ti suli warmovemarTeniT TTuesa pirvelsa TxuTmetsa 

da gamovediT areTa somxeTisaTa, samoTxesa mas Trdat 

mefisasa. igini moÁklnes mun TTuesa masve, ocdaaTsa, 

dResa paraskevsa. xolo me davrCi ekalTa Sina vardisa- 

Ta, rameTu vardi da nuSi yuaoda maT JamTa. odes[28r]-igi 

aRmohÃdebodes sulni wmidaTa maT, vixile ciT samoslis 

msgavsad Camomavali deakoni olariTa naTlisaÁTa. 

* nuvkue. 

345

da ÃelTa misTa aqunda sasakumevlÀ, romlisagan gamodioda 

kuamli surnelebisaÁ, romeli dahfarvida caTa 

da mis Tana simravlÀ erTa cisaTaÁ. da SeÁerTnes wmidani 

igi sulni maT wmidaTa moyuareTa CemTani. xolo me 

vixile raÁ maTi igi mislvaÁ winaSe uflisa da darComaÁ 

Cemi WirTa Sina da ÁwroebaTa mravalsaxeTa, vRaRad-vyav: 

ùfalo, ufalo, rad damiteveb me Soris aspitTa da ÁqedneTa?~. 

ÃmaÁ mesma muniT, romeli [28v]metyoda me: èsrÀT 

iyos waryvanebaÁ Seni, odes ege ekali, romel Sensa garemo 

ars, yovelive iqmnes vardis furcel, surnel Sen 

mier. xolo Sen aRdeg da vidode aRmosavaliT, `sadaigi 

ars samkali friad da muSaki araa~ * . da warmoved 

da moved uloporeTa da davizamTre WirTa Sina didTa. 

da TTuesa meoTxesa warmovemarTe mTaTa zeda javaxeTisaTa, 

raÁTa vcna, Tu sadaÁT ars mcxeTaÁ, da mivemTxÂe 

mTaTa zeda tbasa didsa gardamdinaresa, romelsa erqua 

fanavraÁ, davdeg mun or dRe. viTxove sazrdeli meTevzurTagan 

da ganvZlierdi ZaliTa miT sazrdelisaÁTa 

da [29r]madli mivec RmerTsa. da mwyemsni Áyunes masve 

adgilsa da Ãumilvides Ãuminvasa Ramisasa samwysoTa 

Sina maTTa. da hxadodes RmerTTa maTTa armazsa da 

zadens da uTqumides Sesawiravsa, odes movidodeTo. da 

dilaÁ adre aRvdeg da vhkiTxe erTisa maTganisa, Tu: 

`sadaÁT sofliT xarT Tquen?~ da miTxra: `zogni dabiT 

elirbniT da zogni safurcliT da zogni qinjarelni 

da rabatelni didisa qalaqisa mcxeTisani, sada Rmer- 

Tni RmerToben da mefeni mefoben~. da mivhxeden mTaTa 

CrdiloÁsaTa, rameTu dReTa zafxulisaTa savseni Cndes 

haeriTa sastikiTa [29v]da TovliTa. da SevZrwundi me 

friad da vTqu: ùfalo, ufalo, mimiRe suli Cemi Cemgan~. 

da moviRe lodi erTi da davdev igi sasTunlad Cemda 

gardasadinelsa mis tbisasa da daviZine. da movida CuenebiT 

kaci erTi, hasakiTa zomi, TmiTa naxevarTmosan da 

momca wigni dabeWduli da mrqua me: `swrafiT miarTu 

ese mcxeTad mefesa warmarTTasa~. da me viwye tiriliT 

vedrebad misa da varqu: ùfalo, dedakaci var ucxoÁ da 

umecari, viTar mivide me, arca enaÁ vici, raÁ vTqua ucxoTa 

naTesavTa Tana?~ maSin ganÃsna wigni igi da momca 

me [30r]kiTxvad. dawerili iyo hromaelebr, dabeWdul iyo 

346 

* maTe 2. 37; luka 10. 2.

iesusi. 

daweril iyunes aTni sityuani, viTarca-igi ficarTa 

qvisaTa pirvel: 

a. `sada iqadagos saxarebaÁ ese, munca ÁTqumodis 

dedakaci ese~. 

b. àrca mamakacebaÁ da arca dedakacebaÁ, aramed Tquen 

yovelni erT xarT~ * . 

g. `warvediT da moÁm[o]wafeniT yovelni wa[r]mar- 

Tni da naTel-scemdiT saxeliTa mamisa, Zisa da sulisa 

wmidisaÁTa~ ** . 

d. `naTeli gamobrwyinebad warmarTTa zeda da didebaÁ 

erisa Senisa israÀlisaÁ~ *** . 

e. `sadaca iqadagos saxarebaÁ ese [30v]sasufevlisaÁ, 

munca ÁTqumodis yovelsa sofelsa~ **** . 

v. `romelman Tquen Segiwynarnes, me Semiwynaros, da 

romelman me Semiwynaros, SeÁwynaros momavlinebeli 

Cemi~ ***** . 

z. friad uyuarda mariami ufalsa, rameTu maradis 

ismenen missa sibrZnesa WeSmaritsa. 

À. `nu geSinin magaTgan, romelTa moswyÂdnen Ãorcni 

Tquenni, xolo sulTa TquenTa ver SemZlebel arian 

mowyuedad~ ****** . 

T. hrqua mariams magdanelsa iesu: `warved, dedakaco, 

axare ZmaTa CemTa~ ******* . 

i. sadaca hqadagebdeT saxeliTa mamisaÁTa da ZisaÁTa 

da sulisa wmidisaÁTa. 

[31r]da viTarca ese warvikiTxe, viwye vedrebad RmrTisa 

mimarT da gulisÃma-vyav, viTarmed zeciT iyo CuenebaÁ 

ese. da aRvixilen Tualni Cemni zecad da maRali igi 

vakurTxe da misgan viTxove Sewevna Cemda gzasa Cemsa. da 

gardamosadinelsa mis tbisasa movhyev da warmovemarTe. 

da iyo dinebaÁ misi dasavaliT kerZo. da miudeg wyalsa 

mas da mivemTxÂe gzaTa ZnelTa da ficxelTa. da 

vixilen didni Wirni gzaTa maTgan da SiSni mÃecTagan, 

* galat. 3. 28. 

** maTe 28. 19. 

*** luka 2. 32. 

**** 9. maTe 26. 13; markoz 14. 9. 

***** maTe 10. 40. 

****** maTe 10. 28. 

******* ioane 20. 17. 

347

vidre ara moviwie sada-igi iwyo wyalman man dinebad 

aRmosavaliT. maSindli[T]gan iyo mo[31v]lxinebaÁ Cemi. da 

vpoven mogzaurni da Seveyav maT da moviwie sanaxebsa 

qarTlisasa _ urbniss. da vixile eri ucxoÁ, ucxoTa 

RmerTTa msaxuri, cecxlTa da qvaTa da ZelTa RmrTad 

Tayuanis-scemdes. maSin Seeurva sulsa Cemsa da mived 

baginsa huriaTasa enisaTÂs ebraelebrisa da viyav mun 

erT TTue da ganvicdid Zalsa amis queyanisasa. 

da iyo, dResa erTsa aRiZrnes erni Zlierni da uricxuni, 

miT qalaqiT warmavalni didad da sameufod qalaqad 

mcxeTad, vaWrobad da locvad winaSe armaz RmrTisa [32r] 

maTisa da warmovhyev meca maT Tana. da moviwieniT mcxeTad 

qalaqad, wiaR-kerZo moguTas Ãidsa zeda da davdegiT 

mun. da vxedevd ce[c]xlisa msaxursa mas ersa 

moguebasa da cTomasa mas Sina, da vtirode cTomisa mis- 

TÂs da warwymedisa maTisa da ucxoebisa da siglaxakisa 

CemisaTÂs. 

xolo xvalis dRe iyo oxraÁ saSineli da SesaZrwunebeli 

erTa uricxuTaÁ da ÃmaÁ sayÂrTaÁ friadTaÁ. da 

gamovidoda eri uricxui, viTarca yuavilosanni, zarad 

da saSinelad gamovidodes. da mefÀ arRasada SeZrul 

iyo. da viTarca Jam-sca Jamman, iwyes [32v]sivltolad da 

mimoridebad gzisagan. da Se-gamo-vida nana dedufali; 

maSin nelad-Ra gamovida yoveli eri da Seamkves yoveli 

folorc samosliTa TiTo saxiTa da pirad-piradiTa 

WreliTa. da iwyo yovelman erman qebad mefisa. da ma- 

Sin gamovida mirean mefÀ TualTSeudgamiTa xilviTa. 

da vhkiTxe huriasa dedakacsa, Tu raÁ ars ese? da man 

mrqua me, viTarmed: `RmerTi RmerTTaÁ uwess, romel ars 

armaz, romeli ara ars, garna kerpi~. da me warved xilvad 

armazisa da aRivsnes mTani igi droSaÁTa da eriTa, 

viTarca yuaviliTa. xolo me Seuswer [33r]cixed armazd 

da davdeg axlos kerpisa mis napralsa kldisasa. da 

vxedev sakÂrvelebaTa da saSinelsa, romel Tqumad ver 

SemZlebel ars enaÁ Cemi, viTar-igi iyo zargansaÃdel, 

SiSi da ZrwulaÁ igi mefeTaÁ maT da yovlisa erisaÁ 

da sazarod dgomaÁ. vixile, dga kaci erTi spanZisaÁ 

da spilenZisaÁ, da tansa ecua jaWÂ oqroÁsaÁ, da Tavsa 

missa edga Cabalaxi oqroÁsaÁ da samÃarni oqroÁsani, 

da Tualni esxnes frcxili da bivriti, da Ãelsa missa 

348

aqunda Ãrmali, romeli brwyinvida, viTarca elvaÁ da 

iqcevda Ãelsa Sina missa, [33v]reca-Tu romeli Seexebin, 

Tavi TÂsi sikudild ganwiris da ityÂn: `vaÁ, Tu sadaraÁ-vakle 

, anu vsceT sada sityuasa ebraelTa Tana, 

gina moguTa Tana smenasa oden da xdomel viyo mzisa 

RmrTad, gina romelni metyÂan ucebni vinme, didsa zecisa 

RmerTsa. vaÁ, Tu poos raÁme biwi Cem Tana da mces maxÂli 

misi, romlisa meSinis yovelsa queyanasa. da SiSiT Tayuanis-scemda 

mas mirean mefÀ da yovelni erni misni. 

marjul misa udga kaci oqroÁsaÁ da saxeli misi 

gaci, da marcxl _ kaci vecxlisaÁ da saxeli misi gaca, 

romel-igi RmrTad hqondes mamaTa [34r]maT TquenTa arian 

qarTliT. 

maSin vtirode da sulT-viTquen maRlisa mimarT cTomaTa 

maTTÂs CrdiloÁsaTa da dafarvasa naTlisasa da 

pyrobasa bnelisasa. Sevxedevd mefeTa maT ZaldidTa da 

yovelTa mTavarTa, rameTu cxovelnive STaenTqnes jojoxeTsa. 

da etyodes dambadebelad qvaTa da ZelTa da 

spanZTa da spilenZTa, rkinasa da rvalsa, mWedelTagan 

ganWedilsa, RmrTad da Tayuanis-scemdes, da eseni icnodes 

cisa da queyanisa Semoqmedad. 

maSin moviÃsene sityuaÁ igi, romel mamcno iobenal patriaqman, 

wmidaman mamaman, [34v]viTarmed viTarca mamakacsa 

srulsa wargavlineb Sen da miwevnad xar queyanasa 

ucxosa naTesavTa drgevel, zevel, barkadul, romel ars 

brangulad `kacni RmrTis mÃdomni~. maSin aRvixilen Tualni 

zecad da vTqu: ùfalo, mravliTa ZaliTa SeniTa 

gecruvnes mterni ese. da ars daTmenaÁ Seni didiTa sulgrZelebiTa 

SeniTa. da iqman, rasaca iguneben mtuerni da 

nacarni queyanisani, aramed nu ugulebels-hyof, rameTu 

xati Seni ars, romlisaTÂs erTi samebisagani kaci Áqmen 

da acxovne yoveli sofeli. amaTca naTesavTa mohxeden 

da Sehrisxen sulTa maT ukeTurTa, [35r]uCinoTa, soflismpyrobelTa, 

mTavarTa bnelisaTa, adgilisa Znelisa- 

Ta. miCuene me, RmerTo mamisa da dedisa Cemisao, mÃevalsa 

amas uRirssa da naSobsa monisa Senisasa, raÁTa ixilon 

yovelTa kideTa queyanisaTa macxovarebaÁ Seni, da raÁTa 

CrdiloÁ ese bRuarisa Tana ixarebdes da yovelman enaman 

Sen mxolosa RmerTsa Tayuanis-gcen qriste ÁesuÁs 

mier, romlisa hSuenis madlobiT didebisa micemaÁ aw da 

349

mermeca~. 

da wamis-yofaÁ TualisaÁ iyo, dasavliT haerni da 

qarni SeÁZrnes da Ãma-sces RrubelTa quxilisa ÃmiTa, 

ÃmiTa sazareliTa [35v]da saSineliTa. da aCnda Rrubeli 

moswrafÀ niSansaSineli. da moÁRo niavman dasavlisaman 

suli jerkuali simwarisaÁ da simyralisaÁ. maSin 

ivltoda yoveli kaci soflad da qalaqad. da vxedevd 

me egoden mas zarganÃdilebasa maTsa, viTxove maRliT 

da eca droÁ. da SeÁWra yoveli kaci sayofelTa Sina 

da meyseulad moÁwia risxvisaÁ igi Rrubeli mcirÀ da 

moÁRo setyuaÁ litris swori mas oden adgilsa, dalewna 

kerpni igi, dafqvna da daamwulilna, da daarRÂvna 

zRudeni igi qarman man sastikman, da Cayarna kldesa mas, 

[36r] romelsa-igi Tualni Tquenni hxedvides. 

da Tqua mefeman: `he, he, rasTmebaÁ xojasTa banog rasul 

fsarzad~. da viTarca dascxra risxvaÁ igi, gamoved 

kldisa misgan napralisa da vpove Tuali igi bivriti, 

aRviRe da warmoved wiaRkerZo dasavalsa mis kldisasa, 

sada Zuel qalaqi yofil-iyo da cixÀ. 

da mun dga xÀ erTi Suenieri brinjisaÁ, maRali da 

rtomravali. da mived queSe xesa mas da gamovniSne niSi 

cxovelsmyofelisa qristÀs juarisaÁ da vilocevd mun 

equs dRe. odes-igi gamoxue-yoveli-diT simravlÀ qalaqisaÁ 

da eZi[36v]ebdiT RmerTTa maT TquenTa, romelTa 

vnebaÁ dahbades, da ara poveniT, maSin me mun viyav, rameTu 

TTueÁ iyo meequsÀ da dRÀ iyo meequsÀ TTuisaÁ mis, 

odes-igi evmanoel Tabors mamisa xati uCuena TavTa maT 

cocxalTa da TavTa maT momkudarTa. maSin moved daÁ 

ese Cemi SroSania sefe-qali, mixila da moiyvana berZulad 

metyueli dedakaci da mkiTxa yoveli gzaÁ Cemi da 

vauwye yoveli saqmÀ Cemi. maSin vxedevd TualTa misTa 

cremliTa savseTa dinebasa ucxovebisa CuenisaTÂs, 

maÁZula waryvanebaÁ sefed, xolo me ara vinebe. [37r]da 

mesamesa dRes Camoved qalaqad mcxeTad da mivhmarTe 

samoTxesa mas mefisasa. 

da mi-raÁ-ved karsa mas samoTxisasa da vpove saxli 

mcirÀ mcvelisaÁ mis samoTxisaÁ, da Se-raÁ-ved Sina, jda 

ese dedakaci anastos, da raJams mixila me, aRdga da 

Semitkbo, viTarca mecnierman, da dambanna ferÃni Cemni 

da mcxo zeTi da momarTua puri da RÂnoÁ. da davyav mis 

350

Tana cxraÁ TTueÀ. 

xolo dedakaci ese iyo uSviloÁ da friad zrunvides 

igi da qmari misi. da Ramesa erTsa vxedevd CuenebiT, 

mo-vinme-vida kaci brwyinvalÀ naTlisaÁ da mrqua me: 

`Seved samoTxesa, naZuTa queSe babiloTa, da mun adgili 

ars mcirÀ, sayuaviled [37v]Semzadebuli, miwaÁ aRiRe adgilisaÁ 

mis da SeaWame kacTa maT, da esuas Svili. da 

vyav egre. da esua maT Zeeb da asul mraval, romelsa-ese 

Tualni Tquenni hxedven. 

da maTve dReTa Sina vixile Cuenebasa Sina mciresa 

mas mirulebasa Cemsa orgzis da samgzis, ferÃTa raÁ Cem- 

Ta zeda meZina, movidian mfrinvelni cisani da STavidian 

mdinaresa mas, daÁbann[i]an da movidian samoTxesa mas, da 

babilosa mas moÁsTulebdian da yuavilsa mas Zovdian, da 

movled Cemda momarT RaRadebed, reca Tu Cemia samoTxÀ 

igi.Ggare-momadgian JiviliT, da Suenier iyo xilvaÁ [38r] 

igi maTi. mravalgzis iyo xilvaÁ ese Cemdamo da uTxar 

ese dasa Cemsa sidonias, asulsa abiaTarissa, yoveli 

vauwye da man mrqua: `tyueo da tyueTa mÃsnelo, ucxoo 

da aqa Sobilo, uwyi, rameTu Sen mier moiwia da Sen ZliT 

moÁsmes ambavi igi Zueli mamaTa CuenTaÁ naqmari zecisa 

kacsa zeda, sisxlisa ubraloÁsaÁ daTxevaÁ, romelica 

qmna RmerTman, huriaTa sircxÂli da cis kideTa ganbnevaÁ, 

mefobisa dacemaÁ, taZrisa mis wmidisa moRebaÁ da 

erisa mis ucxoÁsa wodebaÁ da didebisa maTisa micemaÁ~. 

da kualad Tqua: ìerusalÀm, viTar gangimartvan frTeni 

Senni da [38v]SeÁkreb yovelTa cis kideTa naTesavTa 

SenTa frTeTa SenTa queSe. aha esera, aqaca mosrula 

dedakaci ese, Secvalos yoveli wesi amis queyanisaÁ~. da 

moÁqca da mrqua me: `CuenebaÁ Seni ars, rameTu adgili 

ese samoTxÀ Sen mier Áqmnes samoTxe ukunisamde~. 

Tavi: e: 

aRwera sidunia, dedakacman huriaman, 

asulman abiaTarisman 

da iyo, odes mohxeda RmerTman wyalobiTa queyanasa 

mas daviwyebulsa [39r]CrdiloÁsa kavkasiaTa, somxeTisa 

mTeuleTsa, romlisa mTani daefarnes nislsa da velni 

armulsa cTomisasa da udbobisaTa, da iyo queyanaÁ 

ese Crdil mzisagan simarTlisa qristÀs, Zisa RmrTisa , 

351

moslvisaTÂs da cxorebisa, viTarca saxeli erqua mas 

samarTlad CrdiloÁ. araTu amis mzisa simarTlisagan 

daklebul * iyo, anu aw arsa daklebul misgan, yoveli 

casa queSe myofi ixilavs da yovelsa hxedavs, romelsa 

sicxiTa mihridis, naTliTa yovelsa adgilsa mihxednis. 

ese ara Tu esrÀT erqua queyanasa amas CrdiloÁ, aramed 

iyunes esoden esTenni welni da esTenni naTesavni da 

noveÁsiTgan da abelisiTgan da [39v]abrahamisiTgan. da 

mun Sinave iyo iob aznauri, ganmcdeli ganmcdelisagan da 

gamocdilisagan viTarca io[se]b, mose, i(s)u ** _ mRdelebi 

da msajulebi da CamowyebiT, romeli-igi viciT msmenel- 

Tagan da wignTa evangelTagan saRmrToTa. 

gardaÃdes qristÀs moslvamde welni xuT aTas xu- 

Tas, da juarcumiTgan qristÀsiT vidre kostantines mefobamde, 

berZenTa monaTlvamde samas da TerTmeti. da 

aTxuTmetisa *** Semdgomad moivlina queyanasa Cuensa qadagi 

WeSmariti nino, dedufali Cemi, viTarca bnelsa Sina 

mTiebi raÁ naTobn da aRmohÃdis ciskari da mas ukuana 

aRmovaln didi igi mflobeli dRisaÁ. egrÀT iyo cxorebaÁ 

Cueni, qarTvelno, [40r] rameTu viqceodeT naTelsa da 

mkÂdr viyveniT bnelsa, vixarebdiT SuebiTa da viunjebdiT 

Suebasa, glovasa, romelsa nugeSiniscema ara epova. 

vmsaxurebdiT sadame dabadebulTa da ara dambadebelsa, 

qerabinTa etlTa wil mTaTa maRalTa Tayuanis-scemdes 

mamani Cuenni, gebalasa da gareznasa, da mas zeda ara 

iyo arca RmerTi, arca mose, arca niSi maTi, aramed kerpi 

qvisaÁ. xolo amas queyanasa qarTlisasa iyunes orni 

mTani da maT mTaTa zeda orni kerpni _ armaz da zaden, 

romelni iyunosdes **** sulmyralobiT aTassa sulsa yrmaTasa 

pirmSoÁsasa, armaz da zaden, da msxuerpl uCndes 

Sesawiravad [40v]mSobelTa maTTa, viTarca ukunisamde 

araÁ sikudili ese iyo moqmedi. xolo iyunes kerpni sxuanica 

samefoni _ gaci da ga. da SeÁwirvoda maTa erTi 

sefe-wuli cecxliTa dawuvad da mtueri, Tavsa gardabnevad 

kerpTa, maTi. 

da amis yovlisa Semdgomad Txrobasa giTxrob mamisa 

Cemisasa, romel wignTagan TÂT vici kiTxviTa da mamisa 

352 

* daglebul. 

** i(s)Âu. 

*** aTxutmeti 

**** iyunusdes.

Cemisa TxrobiTa. 

odes-igi mefobda herode da moguesma, viTarmed 

sparsTa ierusalÀmi daÁpyreso, :ib:-ni mefeni movideso. 

da glovisa wigni moÁwia yovelTa zeda huriaTa qarTvelTa 

_ mcxeTelTa mkÂdrTa, budelTa mRdelTa, kodiswyaroelTa 

mwignobarTa, sofiskanelTa [41r]TargmanTa. 

da ese SeÁZrnes yovelni sivltolad. xolo mciredTa 

dReTa Semdgomad moÁwia RaRadisi nugeSiniscemisaÁ 

ierusalÀmiT yovelsa queyanasa, viTarmed sparsni ara 

dapyrobad queyanisa movides, aramed abjrisa da saWurvelisa 

da sagzlisa nawili aqunda da oqroÁ yÂTeli 

da muri _ mswrafl mkurnali wylulisaÁ, da gundruki 

sul-hamoÁ. da ese yovelsa mÃedarsa maTsa da TÂT * mefe- 

Ta TiTo satÂrTavi aqunda, da eZiebdes yrmasa visme Sobilsa, 

Zesa daviTissa, romelica poves mwiri erTi, mwirisa 

dedakacisaÁ ZÀ, uJamod Sobili uadgilosa adgilsa, 

viTarca aqus CueulebaÁ garemdgomTa kacTa. 

ese mis [41v]yrmisa mivides da Tayuanis-sces, da ese 

yoveli misa Sewires, da mTaÁ gardavles da warvides. 

àw nu geSinin, huriano, me, herode, veZieb da arca vpove 

yrmaÁ da arca dedaÁ misi da arca igi ZRueni, aramed 

warvhmarTo maxÂli yovelsa wulsa zeda oriT wliTgan 

udareÁsamde da moswydes igica maT Tana. aw guldebul 

iyveniT, rameTu ucnebiT iyo yoveli”. 

amas Sina gardaÃda weli :l:. mowera ana mRdelman 

ierusalÀmiT mamis mamisa Cuenisa ozisa, viTarmed igive, 

romlisa sparsni mefeni mosrul iyunes ZRuniTa, igi same 

yrmaÁ gazrdil arsi da hasaksa zomisasa [42r]mowevnul 

ars. wyalsa mas mdinaresa Áordanesa zaqariaÁs Zisa ganvidodes 

yovelni naTesavni ierusalÀmisani da Seni mamis 

dedis ZmaÁ elioz Tana iyo. da aha esera, caÁ quxda 

da queyanaÁ iZrvoda, mTani hkrTebodes, mTani ÁmRerdes, 

zRuaÁ dga, wyalni aRmarT diodes. da zaqariaÁs ZÀ SeSinda 

da ivltoda. da Cuen yovelTa zari SeZrwunebisaÁ 

dagueca da erisa simravlisaTÂs davadumeT saqmeÁ 

ese, romeli iyo same cxad saukunoÁTgan. da meoTxesa 

welsa gamoÃda brZanebaÁ ierusalÀmiT erode mefisagan 

yovelTa ZeTa ierusalÀmisaTa, gan[42v]bneulTa yovelsa 

queyanasa: ìxileT erTi RmerTi da ismineT erTi Sjuli 

* da TÂT] d(avi)T. 

353

da iswaveT erTi sityuaÁ mosÀsi, romel Tqua: `romelman 

Tquas RmerTi queyanasa zeda, moekiden Zelsa~; da 

Tqua: `wyeul iyavn yoveli, romeli moekidos Zelsa~ * . 

aw esera, aRdga kaci erTi da saxeli misi Áesu, TaviT 

TÂsiT hxadis RmerTsa mamad da reca Tu ars igi TÂT vi- 

Tarca RmerTi. movediT yovelni sikudilsa missa da aRvasruloT 

mcnebaÁ RmrTisaÁ da mosÀsi. da warvida aqaÁT 

elioz, mamis dedis ZmaÁ Cemi, kaci moxucebuli. 

da esua mas dedaÁ mcxeTeli, tomisagan eli mRdelisaÁ, 

da daÁ esua erTi. [43r]evedreboda dedaÁ Zesa TÂssa da 

etyoda: `warved, Svilo Cemo, wodebasa mefisasa da wessa 

Sjulisasa. xolo romelsa-igi ganiZraxven, nu SeerTvin 

cnobaÁ Seni mas, nu, Svilo Cemo, rameTu igi sityuaÁ 

ars winawarmetyuelTaÁ da igavi brZenTaÁ, saÁdumloÁ 

dafaruli huriaTagan da warmarTTa naTel da cxoreba 

saukunoÁ~. 

da warvida elioz da yovelni huriani qarTvelni da 

aResrula yoveli, aw romeli viciT ninoÁs mier evangeleTagan. 

xolo samoseli igi xuda qarTvelTa huria- 

Ta da warmoÁRo elioz. xolo dedasa eliozissa esma 

ÃmaÁ [43v]ierusalÀmiT mcxeTas odes pasanikman juarsa 

zeda samrWualsa dasca kueri mWedlisaÁ golgoTas, aqa 

esma, ikrCxialna dedakacman man da Tqua: `mSÂdobiT mefobao 

huriaTao, rameTu mohkalT ufali ÃorciTa, TÂsi 

macxovari da eqmeniT mter Semoqmedsa. vaÁ me, sawyalobelsa 

Tavsa Cemsa, romel arca winare movkued, romelesemca 

ÃmaÁ ara smenil iyo, da arcaRa knin ukua[na]Ásre, 

romel aramca mexilva gamobrwyinebad didebaÁ warmarT- 

Ta zeda~. da amas zeda SeÁsuena dedaman eliozisman. 

xolo aman elioz moiRo kuarTi igi [44r] qristÀsi 

mcxeTad, saxlad Cuenda, da ixila, rameTu momkudar 

iyo dedaÁ misi amas sityuasa zeda. da miegebvoda daÁ 

misi, Sesuaruli cremliTa, viTarca sisxliTa, da moexÂa 

yelsa missa da mouRo samoseli igi iesuÁsi da Seitkbo 

mkerdsa missa da mswrafl sulni warhÃdes amiT tkiviliTa 

dedisaÁTa, da qristÀs sikudilisaTÂs da surviliTa 

misisa moslvisaÁTa. 

maSin Áyo SfoTi didi mcxeTas Sina mefeTaÁ da yovlisa 

erisaÁ. da Áxila mefeman amazaer samos[e]li igi da 

354 

* Sdr. 2 sjulTa 21. 22-23.

unda warRebaÁ misi, xolo zarsa mas dedakacisa mkudrisasa, 

ÃelTa [44v]gdebasa SetkbobiT * , SeSinda. da elioz 

dahmarxa daÁ Tuisi da ÃelTa aqus samoseli igi. da ars 

adgili igi, romeli RmerTman Ácis da Ácis dedaman Cemman 

da ara Átyuis, rameTu ara jer ars aw kacTa sityuad. 

aramed ese oden kmaÁ-Áy[a]vn ninoÁs mowafeTaTuis da 

qristes morwmuneTaTuis, rameTu maxlobel ars adgili 

igi naZusa mas, libaniT moRebulsa da mcxeTas amaRlebulsa. 

Tuinier ese mesma mamisagan Cemisa: àrs sxuaÁca 

ZaliTa Semosili mrCubli amas qalaqsa Sina, ÃelTa 

CuenTa, ars sakurTxevelisa simtkicesa Sina [45r]qvaTasa 

upovnelad vidre Jamamde misa~. da aw ese samoseli Áesus 

aqa Sina ars uTqumelad sityuiTa, vidre Jamamde 

misa, rameTu mravalgzis mabira dedaman Cemman nino mamisa 

Cemisa mimarT, raÁTamca gamovsw[u]lile adgili igi 

samoslisa mis WeSmaritad, xolo man guliTad ese oden 

dadva Cem Tana da Tqua: àrs adgili igi samarxui misi 

adgili, romelsa enani kacTani ara dadumden galobad 

RmrTisa mimarT. mas zeda ars adgili igi, viTarca adgili 

Áakubisi kibed xiluli zecad aRwevnulad mieriTgan 

ukonisamde [45v]didebamouklebelad maradis”. 

Tavi :v: 

Tqumuli misive siduniaÁsi 

da odes-igi me, sidunia asulman abiaTarisman, vixile 

dedakaci ese wmidaÁ nino Tavsa zeda cixisasa pirvel 

mcxeTisasa, koSksa maRalsa, brinjTa maT queSe, bartman 

mefisa sagrilTa da sasuenebelTa jda raÁ igi, odesigi 

Semusrna ufalman armaz saSineliTa miT risxviTa 

da zargasaÃdeliTa pirisa misisaÁTa (romelni-igi swerian 

wignsa mas anderZsa missa), xolo vidre rwmunebamde 

deduflisa nanaÁsa qriste RmerTi Zed RmrTisa. 

da dayo [46r]dedakacman nino equsi weli aqa Sina, viTaigi 

TÂT ityÂs yofasa Sina missa. da odes me da SÂdni 

dedani dagÂmowafna Sjulsa missa, rameTu hyofda dafarulad 

kurnebaTa mravalTa, vidremdis sefiT iwyo 

kurnebaÁ gangebiTa RmrTisaÁTa. dedufalsa zeda nanas 

aCuena RmerTman Zali misi, mis mier maylovansa mas Sina 

* SetkbuebiT. 

355

locviTa misiTa gankurna senisa misgan mZimisa, romeli 

Ãelovnebaman kacTaman ver SeuZlo gankurnebad misa. 

da Semdgomad misa mogÂ vinme mTavari sparsi, saxeliT 

xuara, sneul iyo, suliTa ukeTuriTa ficxlad iguemeboda 

da sikudilsa miaxlebul iyo. [46v]da iyo igi mTavari 

dedis ZmaÁ nana deduflisaÁ. da evedrnes dedasa Cuensa 

ninos nana dedufali da mefÀca Cueni ixilvida saqmesa 

mas mcired orgulebiT, rameTu etyÂn ninos: `romlisa 

RmrTisa ZaliTa iqm kurnebasa ama[s]? anu xar Sen asuli 

armazisi, anu Svili zadenis, ucxovebiT moxved da 

Seurdi maT da maT zeda-ac mowyalebaÁ da miganiWes Sen 

Zali kurnebaTaÁ, raÁTa miT scxondebodi ucxosa queyanasa 

da didebulmca arian ukunisamde! xolo Sen winaSe 

Cuensa iyav, viTarca erTi mawovnebelTa * SvilTa CuenTagani, 

pativcemul queyanasa amas Cuensa, aramed ucxosa 

amas sityuasa nu ityÂ da hromTa SecTomilTa rCulsa 

nu gnebavn yovlad Tqumad, [47r]rameTu aha esera, RmerTni 

didni soflismpyrobelni da mzisa momfenelni da wÂmisa 

momcemelni, queyaniT nayofTa gamomRebelni, qarTlisa 

igi RmerTni armaz da zaden, yovlisa dafarulisa 

gamomeZiebelni, Zuelni RmerTni mamaTa CuenTani gaci da 

ga, da fici igi Seni iyavn dasarwmunebelad kacTa mimarT. 

da aw ukueTu ganhkurno mTavari ese, gangamdidro 

da gyo mkÂdr mcxeTas Sina da msaxurad armazisa, daRacaTu 

haeriTa miT da setyÂTa SemusrvaÁ misi, aramed igi 

adgili SeuZravi ars. igi armaz da qaldevelTa RmerTi 

eTroJano yovladve mterni arian. aman mas zRvaÁ zeda 

moadginis da man mas zeda eseTi nu raÁ [47v]moawies, 

viTarca aqus CueulebaÁ soflisa mpyrobelTa da kmageyavn 

[Cem]gan brZanebaÁ ese~. 

miugo wmidaman da embazman qarTlisaman nino mefesa da 

rqua: `mefe, Sen ukunisamde cxondi saxeliTa qristÀsiTa 

d[a] vedrebiTa dedisa misisaÁTa da yovelTa wmidaTa 

misTaÁTa moavlinen Sen zeda RmerTman, cisa da queyanisa 

Semoqmedman, dambadebelman yovlisa dabadebulisaman, 

didisa didebisa misisagan da auracxelisa mowyalebisa 

misisagan, mogivlinen Sen, viTarca saÃumilisagan, naberwyali 

erTi madlisa misisaÁ, raÁTa gulisÃma-hyo simaRlÀ 

cisaÁ da sinaTlÀ mzisaÁ, da siRrmÀ zRvisaÁ da saZirku- 

356 

* mawovnebelTagani _ g-ani gadaSlilia

veli misi, da sivrcÀ queyanisaÁ da safuZveli misi. [48r] 

da uwyebul iyavn, mefe, Tu vin Semosnis cani RrubliTa, 

da quxn saSineliTa ÃmiTa haerisaÁTa, da iZrvin queyanaÁ 

simZafriTa misiTa, da rbied mexistexani da kualsa 

maTsa egzebin cecxli guliswyromiTa maTiTa, anu odes 

SeÁZris veSapi igi didi zRvaTa Sina da SeÁZris yoveli 

queyanaÁ, vidremdis daÁrRunian mTani myarni da kldeni 

da qvani. da mecnier gyavn Sen iesu amas yovelsa zeda-miwevnad, 

rameTu RmerTi ars caTa Sina da uxilav ars 

Tavadi igi yovlisagan dabadebulisa TÂnier Zisa misisa, 

romeli misgan gamovida da queyanasa zeda gamoCnda vi- 

Tarca kaci, romelman [48v]aRasrula yoveli, romlisaTÂs 

mosrul iyo da aR[Ã]da maTve simaRleTa mamisa Tana. man 

xolo ixila dausabamoÁ igi da igi mxoloÁ maRal ars 

da mdabalTa hxedavs da maRalni SoriT icnis. mefe, axlos 

ars miaxlebaÁ Seni RmrTisa, me vxedav, rameTu ars 

amas qalaqsa Sina saswauli erTi: samoseli igi Zisa RmrTisaÁ 

aqa ars, da xalenisaÁ mis eliaÁsaÁ yofaÁ Tquesve 

vieTme aqave da mravalni saswaulni arian aqa, romelni 

TÂT RmerTman gauwynes. me kula ese mTavari ganvkurno 

ZaliTa qristÀs CemisaÁTa da juariTa vnebisa misisaÁ- 

Ta, viTarca-igi deofalman [49r]nana gankurna RmerTman 

senisagan didisa. da raÁ-igi vauwye, mas hyofs igi, raÁTa 

sulica TÂsi ganabrwyinos da erica TÂsi mia[a]xlos 

RmerTsa~. 

da mohguares mTavari igi. da wariyvana igi da me da 

nana deofali samoTxesa mas Sina, naZuTa maT queSe. da 

daadgina igi, da aRmosavaliT aRpyrobad scna Ãelni 

da aTqumia samgzis: `vijmni Sengan, eSmako, da Seudgebi 

qristesa, Zesa RmrTisasa~. da tiroda nino sulTqumiTa 

sulisa misisaÁTa, da iTxovda RmrTisagan Sewevnasa kacsa 

mas zeda, da Cuen mis Tana erT dRe da or Rame. da 

mswrafl ganvida misgan suli igi boroti, da daemowafa 

ninos da saxliT da eriTurT misiT, da adidebdes [49v] 

mamasa da Zesa da wmidasa sulsa aw da maradis da ukuniTi 

ukunisamde, amen. 

357

358 

q. Tavi: z: 

aRwerili misive siduniaÁsaÁ, hurisa dedakacisaÁ, 

romeli ixila, dawera mirian mefisa moqcevisa, 

Sevrdomisa ninoÁsa da juarisa aRmarTebisaTÂs, 

da eklesiaTa SenebisaTÂs da yovelTa 

saswaulTaTÂs 

da iyo, dResa erTsa, JamTa zafxulis pirisaTa, TTuesa 

ivlisisasa :k:, dResa SabaTsa, ajda mefÀ da ganvida nadirobad 

muxnariT kerZo, da movlo sanaxebi muxnarisaÁ 

da ganvida mTaTa zeda maRnarTa TxoTisaTa, raÁTamca 

miÁxila aspd [50r]da kaspd da ufliscixed. da ganvida 

Txemsa mis mTisasa Sova samxars, oden dabnelda mas zeda 

mzÀ da Áqmna Rame bnel, ukun friad. da dafarna bnelman 

areni da adgilni igi. da ganibnivnes urTierTars Wirisa 

misgan da urvisa yovelni erni misni da darCa mefÀ 

martoÁ da iareboda mTaTa maT zeda, mis mTisa maRnarTa 

Sina SeSinebuli da SeZrwunebuli. da dadga erTsa adgilsa 

da warewi[r]a sasoebaÁ cxorebisa misisaÁ. xolo 

keTilis-myofelman RmerTman aqcia gonebaÁ misi ucnobelobisagan 

cnobad da umecrebisagan mecnierebad. da 

moego Tavisa cnobasa da ganizraxvida gulsa TÂssa: àha 

esera, [50v]vxedav, rameTu vxedevd RmerTTa armazs da 

zadens da araÁ vpove lxinebaÁ Cem zeda. aw romelsa-igi 

nino qadagebs juarsa da juarcmulsa da hyofs kurnebasa 

misiTa sasoebiTa, aramca Zal-edvaa ÃsnaÁ Cemi amis 

Wirisagan? rameTu var me cocxliv, viTarca jojoxeTs 

Sina da ver uwyi ese, Tu yovlisa queyanisaTÂs iqmna 

daqcevaÁ da naTeli bnelad gardaÁqca, a[n]u Tu CemTÂs 

oden? aw Tu Cem zeda oden ars Wiri ese, RmerTo ninoÁso, 

ganminaTle RameÁ ese da miCuene sayofeli Cemi, da 

a[R]viaro saxeli Seni da aRvhmarTo Zeli, da Tayuanisvsce 

mas, da aRvaSÀno saxli saxlad Senda da salocvelad 

Cemda, da viyo morCil ninoÁsa [51r]da rCulsa zeda 

hromTasa~. da ese arRa warmoeTqua * , ganTena da mswrafl 

gamobrwyinda mzÀ. 

da gardamovida mefÀ cxenisagan da dadga mas adgilsa, 

ganipyrna Ãelni, mÃarni aRmosavaliT da Tqua: `Sen 

xar RmerTi yovelTa zeda RmerTTa da ufali yovelTa 

* warmoeTqvÂa

zeda ufalTa; RmerTi, romelsa nino ityÂs da saqebel 

saxeli Seni yovlisagan dabadebulisa casa queSe da queyanasa 

zeda. rameTu Sen miÃsen Wirisagan amis mswrafl 

saxeldebiTa SeniTa da ganminaTle bneli Cemi. aha esera 

micnobies, rameTu ginda ÃsnaÁ Cemi da miaxlebad Senda, 

ufalo kurTxeulo. [51]da me amas adgilsa aRvmarTo 

Zeli juarisaÁ, romliTaca ididebodis saxeli Seni da 

iÃsenebodis saqmÀ ese saswaulTaÁ amaT ukunisamde, amen!~ 

da daÁswavla adgili igi da warmoemarTa. da viTarca 

ixila naTeli erman misman, gamoerTvoda ganbneuli igi, 

da mefÀ RaRadebda da etyoda yovelsa mas ersa missa: 

`mieciT didebaÁ RmerTsa ninoÁssa yovelman erman, rameTu 

igi ars RmerTi saukunoÁ da mas mxolosa hSuenis 

amen!~ 

xolo nana dedufali da yoveli qalaqi ganvides migebebad 

mefesa, rameTu esma pirvel wymedaÁ da kualad 

moslvaÁ mkÂdrobiT. da miegebvodes qinZars [52r]da 

RarTas. xolo netari nino dadgromil iyo locvasa 

mwuxrisasa maylovansa mas Sina Cueulebisaebr TÂsisa 

Jamsa missa da Cuen mis Tana ormeocdaaTi suli. 

da iyo, viTarca Semovida mefÀ, iZrvoda yoveli qalaqi 

da ÃmiTa maRliTa RaRadebda mirian mefÀ: `Ä, sada ars 

dedakaci igi ucxoÁ, romel ars dedaÁ Cemi da RmerTi 

misi _ mÃsneli Cemi?~ viTarca esma mefesa, Tu aqa, maylovansa 

ars da ilocavs, modrka mefÀ igi da yoveli 

laSqari mis Tana da movida. da gardamoÁWra saÃedriT 

da etyoda ninos: àw Rirs vara saxelsa RmrTisa Senisasa 

da mÃsne[52]lisa Cemisasa?~ xolo igi aswavebda da 

awuevda mswrafl Tayuaniscemasa aRmosavaliT, aRsaarebiT 

qristes, Zesa RmrTisasa. 

maSin iyo gurgÂnvaÁ didi da tirili yovlisa kacisaÁ, 

odes hxedvides mefesa da colsa missa cremlosanTa. 

da xvalis dRe waravlinna mociqulni saberZneTa. da 

netari nino aswavebda mefesa da yovelsa ersa dRÀ da 

Rame WeSmaritsa mas gzasa. 

359

360 

Tavi :À: 

misive aRwerili aRSÀnebisaTÂs 

eklesiÁsa 

da odes waremarTa mefÀ da yoveli eri qarTlisaÁ moswrafebiT 

qristeanobad, vidre mRdelTa maT moslvadmde, 

etyoda ninos mefÀ: `sada [53r]uSeno saxli RmerTsa?~ 

xolo man netarman hrqua: `sadaca mefeTa gonebaÁ mtkice 

ars~. xolo mefeman man hrqua: `miyuaran me mayualni isi 

Senni da mun minebs gonebiTa CemiTa, raÁTa avuSeno saxli 

RmerTsa salocvelad Cemda. gana ara egre, aramed ara 

vhrido samoTxesa amas sameufosa da naZuTa amaT simaRlesa, 

da babiloTa * maT nayofierobasa da yuavilTa maT 

surnelebasa. da mas Sina aRuSÀno taZari RmerTsa 

salocvelad Cemda da sadidebelad saxelisa misisa~. 

da mswrafl mo-xolo-iRes Zeli da daÁwyes mas Sina 

eklesiasa. da mohkueTa naZÂ igi da Sehmzada suetad 

[53]da ZirTa misTa zeda dadva saZirkuveli. da iyo 

suetisaÁ mis saSinelad xilvaÁ da saZirkuveli, romel 

zemo weril ars. xolo mefÀ, odes dabrkolda suetisa 

mis aRmarTebasa, da warvida saxed TÂsa gul-klebiT igi 

da yoveli eri mas Ramesa. 

da dadga nino suetsa mas Tana da me Tana viyav da 

sxuani Tormetni dedebi ninoÁs Tana. xolo igi sanatreli 

godebda da daadenda cremlTa suetsa mas zeda 

sulTqumiT. da viTarca Sova Rames oden iyo, warmoÁqceodes 

mTani ese orni, zaden da armaz, reca Tu esrÀT 

CamoÁrRues da daayenes orTave wyalni. da mtkuarman 

gardamohxeTqa da warhqonda qalaqi [54r]da SeÁqmnes 

Ãmani sazarelni tyebisa da sivltolisani. da meyseulad 

dascxres Ãmani igi da iyo araraÁ. da dadga netari 

igi da ganepyrnes Ãelni cad mimarT da Tualni RmrTad 

da iTxovda, raÁTa ara daebrkolos saqmÀ ese, romelsa 

warmar[T]ebul ars mefÀ. 

da viTarca arRa eyivla qaTamsa, samTave karTa qalaqisaTa 

dasca zarsa laSqarman Zlierman da dalewnes 

karni da aivso qalaqi sparsTa laSqriTa da SeÁqmna 

zarisgansaÃdeli zrinvaÁ da Jivili, da klvaÁ da sisxli 

dioda. da aÁvso yoveli adgili da movida Cuen zeda sim- 

* babilonTa.

avlÀ maxÂlTaÁ da ZaxilTaÁ, da dadnes Ãorcni Cuenni, 

da ganilia suli Cueni. xolo wmidaÁ igi da [54]netari 

dga SeuZrwunebelad. da me vtirode mamisa Cemisa da na- 

TesavTa CemTaTÂs da mswrafl mesma, Ãmobdes Zlierad: 

`brZanebs [mefÀ] sparsTaÁ xuara da mefeTa mefÀ xuaran 

xuaran, yoveli huriaÁ ganarineT pirisagan maxÂlisa~. 

da viTarca ÃmaÁ ese mesma, ukumovege cnobasa da SeorguldiT 

me da aTni igi Cem Tana. da moaxlebul iyvnes 

maxÂlosanni da Cuensa garemoÁs scemdes da klvides. 

da Ásma ÃmaÁ Zlierad, mirian mefÀ Seipyreso. da garemoÁxila 

mÃned moRuaweman man da Tqua: `kualad yvesa? 

vici aw diad same hSWirs da vhmadlob RmerTsa, viTa ese 

niSani maTisa warwymedisaÁ ars da qarTlisa cxorebisaÁ 

[55r]da amis adgilisa didebisaÁ~. nugeSinis-gucemda Cuen 

viTarca moZRuari Ãelovani da WeSmaritad moZRuari 

da mociquli sanatreli. da mieqca ersa mas momavalsa 

Cuen zeda da hrqua: `sada arian mefeni sparsTani xuara 

da xuaran xua? sabastaniT guSin warmoxuediTa? male 

same warmoxuediT da diad same laSqari xarT, da Zlierad 

dahleweT qalaqi ese da maxÂli daeciT qarTa da 

niavTa, wargualeT CrdiloÁT kerZoTa mTaTa da kedarTa 

adgilTa. aqa movida, romelsa Tquen evltiT.” da gan- 

Zra marjuenaÁ Ãeli juarisa saxed da meyseulad uCino 

iqmna yoveli igi, da iqmna dayudeba. da Cuen vadidebdeT 

RmerTsa da vhnatrideT wmidasa mas ninos. 

[55]xolo viTarca ciskari aReReboda, mierula daTa 

maT CemTa yovelTa, xolo me mRÂZare viyav. da igi dga 

ze ÃelTgapyrobili. aha esera, zeda moadga Wabuki erTi, 

yovlad naTliTa Semkuli da Sebradnili cecxlisa 

zewriTa, da arquna samni raÁme sityuani netarsa mas. 

xolo igi daeca pirsa zeda TÂssa. da miyo Ãeli Wabukman 

man suetsa mas da upyra Tavi da aRmarTa da wariRo 

simaRlesa Sina. da me gankÂrvebuli miveaxle da va[r]qu: 

`dedufalo, raÁ ars ese?~ xolo man damdrika queyanad 

da tirilad viwyeT zarsa mas zeda. da mciredisa Jamisa 

Semdgomad aRdga da aRmadgina meca. da ganveSoreniT 

mas adgilsa, [56r]rameTu sxuani igi dedani iyunesve kide. 

da aha, vixileT sueti igi cecxlis saxed Camovidoda 

da moeaxla xari[s]xsa mas, daemarTa da dadga queyaniT 

aRSorebulad viTar aT oden mwyrTa, da neliad-neliad 

361

CamoÁcvalebda xari[s]xad TÂs[s]ave monakueTsa mas Zirsa 

zeda naZÂsasa. 

viTarca riJuraJu iyo, adgomil iyo mefÀ gulgdebuli 

urvaTagan da moÁxedna samoTxesa mas, dawyebulsa mas 

TÂssa eklesiasa, rameTu mun mtkice iyo gonebaÁ misi. 

da ixila naTeli igi, viTarca elvaÁ zecad aRwevnuli 

samoTxiT misiT. iwyo srbad, mkÂrcxl [56]movidoda 

yoveli simravlÀ saxlisa misisaÁ da yoveli eri qalaqisaÁ 

mis Tana. da viTarca movides da ixiles sakÂrveli 

igi naTliTa brwyinvalÀ sueti igi Camovidoda adgilad 

TÂsa, reca Tu viTarca zeciT dadga xarisxsa TÂssa 

zeda da daemyara ÃeliT Seuxebelad kacTagan. 

netar mas Jamsa, raÁ igi iqmneboda! 

SiSiTa da sixaruliTa aRivso mcxeTaÁ qalaqi. da 

sdiodes mdinareni cremlTani mefeTa da mTavarTa da 

yovelsa ersa sulTqumiTa sulisa misisaÁTa, adidebdes 

RmerTsa da hnatrides ninos. da iqmnes mas dResa Sina 

saswaulni mravalni. 

pirveli saswauli: 

[57r]movida huriaÁ, brmaÁ SobiTgan, da mieaxla suetsa 

mas da munTquesve iqmna mxedvel da adidebda RmerTsa. 

meorÀ: 

sefe-wuli vinme yrmaÁ, amazaspeani , idva mravalwlisa 

sneuli, warmarTi. moÁRo dedaman misman sarwmunoebiT, 

dadva cxedriTa winaSe suetsa mas naTlisasa, 

da nandÂlve WeSmaritad naTlisasa da didebulsa, 

da evedreboda dedaÁ igi yrmisaÁ mis netarsa ninos: 

`mohxede, dedufalo, Zesa Cemsa, miaxlebulsa sikudild, 

rameTu vici, viTarmed RmerTi RmerTTaÁ igi ars, romelsa 

Sen hmsaxureb da Cuen gÂqadageb~. maSin Seaxo Ãeli 

nino suetsa mas da dasdva yrmasa da hrqua: ùkueTu [57] 

grwams iesu qriste, ZÀ RmrTisaÁ, Ãorcielad mosruli 

cxorebad yovlisa soflisa, ganikurne amieriTgan da mas 

adidebdi, visman Zalman gang[k]urna~. da mswrafl aRdga 

yrmaÁ igi viTarca utkivneli. 

da daeca SiSi didi mefesa da yovelsa ersa da 

adidebdes RmerTsa. da TiTo-saxeni sneulni movidodes 

da ganikurnebodes, vidremdis mefeman Seuqmna saborveli 

362

ZelisaÁ garemo suetsa mas da dafara xedvisagan. da egre 

saxed Seexebodes erni sarCulsa mas da ganikurneb[o]des. 

da mswrafl daÁwyo mefeman da aRaSÀna eklesiaÁ samoTxesa 

Sina. 

maSin movides mociqulni saberZneTiT _ mRdelTmoZ- 

Ruari, da mRdelni [58r]da deakunni, da iwyes naTlis- 

Rebad mefeman da yovelman erman misman, viTarca zemo 

werila. 

Tavi :T: 

aRwerili abiaTar hurisaÁ, romeli iyo mRdeli 

baginsa Sina mcxeTas da naTel-iRo Ãelsa Sina 

ninoÁssa 

me mRdeli viyav wiliT xuedrebuli samRdelosa mis 

weliwadisasa, odes-ese netari dedakaci nino movida mcxe- 

Tad. da Cem Tana wignebi mosrul iyo hromiT da egÂptiT 

da babiloniT huriaTa mRdelTaÁ da mwignobarTaÁ, werili 

esrÀT: `samad ganxeTqa RmerTman mefobaÁ israelisaÁ. 

[58]aha esera, winawarmetyuelni Cuenni dascxres, 

rameTu romlisa-igi suli awuevda maT sityuad, yoveli 

aResrula. da ganvibniveniT Cuen yovelsa queyanasa da 

hromTa daipyres queyanaÁ Cueni mefobiT. da vtirodeT 

Cuen yovliTurT maRlisa mimarT da ara ismina Cueni, 

rameTu ganvarisxeT Cuen RmerTi, Semoqmedi Cueni. aw ixilen 

Sen wignni mosÀsni, romelman damiwerna Cuen ese 

yoveli: `romeli Átyodis queyanasa zeda Tavsa TÂssa 

RmerTad, mokuedino~. anu ukue SevsceTiT nazarelisa mis 

ÁesuÁs sikudilsa, rameTu vxedavT, odes pirvel mamaTa 

CuenTa Sescudian RmerTsa da yovladve daiviwyian igi, 

da miscnis Ãelmwifesa Znelsa da tyueobasa. da kualad 

odes moÁqcian da RaRad-[59r]yvian, mswrafl dascxris 

risxvisagan da ganarinnis igi Wirisagan da ese SÂd-gzis 

viciT werilTagan. xolo aw vinaÁTgan Ãelni Seasxnes 

Zesa mas dedakacisa mwirisasa da mokles, aÁRo RmerTman 

Ãeli misi Cuen zeda, ganxeTqa mefobaÁ Cueni, ganguaSorna 

taZarsa RmrTisasa da ugulebels-yo 

naTesavi Cueni. da ars :t * : wel, vinaÁTgan arca ismina 

visi CuenganisaÁ vedrebaÁ da arca yo vedrebaÁ [d]a 

* :x: 

363

lxinebaÁ. sagonebel gÂCs, viTarmed zeciT iyo kaci igi~. 

da ese ganemravla mowerili. xolo viTarca mesma ese da 

warvikiTxe wignebi ese, gulsa SemiÃda da viwye kiTxvad 

dedakacisa amis ninoÁsa qristÀs[59]TÂs, Tu vinaÁ iyo 

igi, anu romlisa mizezisaTÂs iqmna kac RmerTi. 

maSin aRaRo piri TÂsi nino da aRmodiodes sityuani 

misni, viTarca jurRmulisagan da viTarca wyaroman 

Áwyo dinebad saukuniTgan. Cem Tana wignTa zepiriT warmoÁtyoda 

da yovelsa ganmimartvida; da viTarca mZinaresa 

ganmaRÂZebda, da viTarca Sesuenebulsa gonebasa 

ganminaTlebda da mamaTa CemTa Semawyalebda da Sjulisa 

cvalebasa damajerebda, vidremdis gulisÃma-miyo 

da mrwmena sityuaTa misTaÁ iesu * qriste, ZÀ RmrTisaÁ, da 

vnebaÁ misi, da adgomaÁ misi didebiT, da mesamed _ meored 

didebiT moslvaÁ igi misi, da WeSmaritad igi ars 

molodebaÁ warmarTTaÁ. 

[60r]mas Jamsa me da asuli Cemi Rirs viqmeneniT sapkurebelsa 

mas gansawmedelsa codvaTagan embazisa wyalsa, 

romelsa inatrida daviT da ver miewifa. da mesma 

ÃmaÁ axlisa rCulisaÁ, erTad mgalobelTaÁ, romelsa inatrida 

igive daviT. da Rirs viqmen me ziarebad WeSmaritsa 

Ãorcsa da sisxlsa RmrTisa kravisasa, soflisa codvaTaTÂs 

Sewirulsa, romlisaÁ tkbil ars gemoÁs xilvaÁ. 

da amas zeda yavn RmerTman gansvlaÁ Cemi ÃorcTa amaTgan, 

rameTu mravalni saswaulni ixilnes TualTa CemTa 

ninoÁs mier mcxeTas Sina dReTa [60]CemTa. 

xolo saxli eliozisi [i]yo qalaqsa dasavaliT, karsa 

dasav[a]liT moguTisasa, mtkuarsa zeda. da iyo mcirÀ 

bagini samarxoÁ maTi, romelsa zeda aRmarTa juari 

qristÀsi nino, dedaman Cemman. erTierTsa naTel-scemda 

mun Sina ÃeliTa iakob mRdelisaÁTa da prosila mTavardeakonisaÁTa 

mTavar[Ta] Svilebsa wiaR qalaqisaTa. 

da erqua adgilsa mas mTavarTa sanaTlo. da friad 

didebul iyo adgili igi dReTa CuenTa, rameTu dga igi 

velsa TÂnier naSenebisa. da maT dReTa SeÁSalnes huriani 

Cem zeda mcxeTiT da dasces xÀ igi kilamoÁ, romeli 

dga karsa zeda [61r]baginisasa, romeli ganaSuenebda adgilsa 

mas, rameTu gardaerTxnes rtoni misni yovelsa mas 

stoasa baginisasa. da iwyes warslvad saÁdaÁTve TÂnier 

364 

* iese

arabianTasa, romel moinaTla ormoci suli saxlisa 

maTisaÁ da mkÂdr iqmnes mcxeTas Sina. da miuboZa mefeman 

dabaÁ, romelsa rqÂan cixe-didi da iyunes did winaSe 

mefisa da qristeane WeSmaritad madliTa netarisa ninoÁsiTa 

da moZRurebiTa misiTa. 

da maT dReTa Sina moÁwia hromiT wigni wmidisa patriaqisaÁ 

ni[n]oÁsa da mefisa da yovlisa erisa qar- 

TlisaÁ. da moevlina [61]brangu deakoni qebisa Sesxmad 

da kurTxevisa micemad da amis netarisa locvasa war- 

Rebad da madlisa ziarebad. da aqunda wigni branguTa 

mefisaÁ ninoÁsa, rameTu moenaTlnes igini mamasa missa. 

da ese yoveli mismenil iyo maTa ierusalÀmiT, hromiT 

da kostantinepoliT, viTarmed amas queyanasa CrdiloÁsasa 

miefina mzÀ igi simarTlisaÁ _ qristeÁ. da amisaTÂs 

natriT werili wigni moewera, raÁTamca euwynes 

aqani igi saswaulni sakuirveli suetisaÁ mis sakÂrvelebaTa 

da ZalTa kurnebisaTa, [62r]romeli ixila deakonman 

da SeZrwunebuli adidebda RmerTsa, wariRo wignebi da 

warvida. 

Tavi :i: 

wignÁ, romel dawera mirian, mefeman qarTlisaman, 

Jamsa sikudilisasa. dawera ÃeliTa iakob 

mTavarepiskopozisaÁTa da misca salomes, Zis colsa 

missa, rameTu iyo igi mecnier yovlisa ubiwo 

WeSmaritebisa 

da iyo, Jamsa mas, romelsa moÁÃsena ufalman queyanaÁ 

qarTlisaÁ, dabnelebuli codviTa da savsÀ cTomiTa eSmakTa 

monebisaÁTa. da viyveniT Cuen viTarca cxovarni 

klvadni, rameTu var me meocdaTequsmetÀ mefÀ, vinaÁTgan 

[62]mamani Cuenni aqa moÁwivnes, vidre dReTa CemTadme. 

SeWamna Svilni maTni cecxlman msxuerplad kerpTaTÂs. 

da ubraloÁ igi eri queyanisaÁ amis, romelni SvilTa 

maTTa, viTarca Tavsa, aRebdes mamani, mamaCuenni ZliT, raÁ- 

Ta saTno eyunen kerpTa da ufroÁs xolo maTTa amaT 

orTa, armazs da zadens, romelTa quanica maTni daulpian 

sisxliTa CCÂlTaÁTa da Rirs arian igi mTani aspolvad 

cecxliTa RmrTisamieriTa. xolo odes moÁwia 

Jami da movida nino pirvel viTarca tyueÁ, da viTarca 

365

ucxoÁ, da viTarca mwiri, da viTarca Seuwevneli, da vi- 

Tarca utyÂ da usmi, romliTa aw meqmna Cuen tyueÁ igi 

[63r]dedufali da ucxoÁ igi dedakaci, Seuwevneli igi _ 

Sesavedrebel yovelTa, utyÂ igi _ qadag Zlier da mecnier 

dafarulTa CemTa. da aman aRanTo gulsa Cemsa san- 

Teli naTlisaÁ da SoaRames oden miCuena mzÀ brwyinvalÀ, 

qriste RmerTi, romlisa naTeli misi ara moakldebis 

ukunisamde, amen! da meqmna Cuen moZRuar da SemZinna Cuen 

erad qristesa naTlisRebiTa da Zelisa TayuaniscemiTa, 

momca Cuen rCuli axali cxorebisaÁ da sixarulisaÁ, da 

Rirs-guyuna gemoÁs xilvad saÁdumlosa zecisasa. xolo 

me viqmen morCil brZanebaTa misTa, romelica maswava, da 

aRva[63]SÀne eklesiaÁ salocvelad Cemda samoTxesa Sina 

mamaTa CuenTa mefeTaÁsa da mas Sina sueti ese naTlisaÁ, 

romeli me ver SeuZle yovliTa ZaliTa da cnobiTa kacobriviTa, 

romeli _ maRalman man moavlina erTi msaxurTagani 

da wamisyofiTa misiTa _ queyaniT cad aRvida. 

TÂT Tualni Tquenni hxedvides sakÂrvelebasa missa da 

merme saSinelad kurnebaTa misTa. da odes mauwya Cuen 

aRmarTebad juari, warvavlinen xuroni da eZiebdes xesa, 

vidremdis poes martod mdgomi kldesa zeda, romelsa 

ara mixebul iyo Ãeli kacisaÁ, aramed mona[64r]direTagan 

smeniT vicodeT saswauli xisaÁ mis. odes iremsa ecis 

Ásari, ivltin borcusa mas queSe, romlisa zeda dga xeÁ 

igi da swrafiT Wamn Teslsa missa CamocÂvnulsa da sikudilisagan 

ganeris. 

da ese miTxrian da viyav dakÂrvebul mas zeda. 

amisTÂsca movhkueTe xÀ igi da Sevqmen juari sami: erTi, 

romeli zeciT iyo saswauli misi, da erTi aRvhmarTe 

adgilsa mas, romelsa mxilebaÁ igi uflisa mier vixile 

mTasa zeda TxoTisasa, da erTi qalaqsa uJarmas, romel 

wariRo salome. da aRvaSene qvisa eklesiaÁ ma[64]yualTa 

maT zeda ninoÁsTa da vqmen mas Sina saqmÀ, qmniT uCinoÁ 

da cxadi, didebaÁ maylovanTaÁ maT, rameTu ara gamovaÃu 

furceli erTi maT, aramed xerxiTa gare-Sevicven, rameTu 

mexilvnes mravalni saswaulni mas Sina da kurnebani 

didni. da Sevqmen zemoÁ eklesiaÁ qviTa Tavisa CemisaTÂs 

da erisaTÂs simravlisa, rameTu quemosa eklesiasa erqua 

wmidaÁ wmidaTaÁ da yovlad ver vikadrebdiT karTa 

misTa ganxumad, TÂnierad kÂriakesa dResa. arca Seslvad 

366

vin ikadrebda, TÂnier [65r]mRdelisa, romeli galobn mas 

Sina, rameTu SiSi iyo yovelsa zeda kacsa suetisa misgan 

cxovelisa. hxedvida yoveli kaci suetsa mas, viTarca 

Zalsa RmrTisasa, da mixedvadca ver eufla kacsa sar- 

Culsa missa, romelsa TÂT hxedavT. da aw ver vikadre 

winaSe missa mokueTad miwaÁ samared Cemda, raÁTamca daemarÃnes 

Ãorcni Cemni, rameTu meSinoda misgan codvisa 

oden moqmedsa da Sevimzade zemo saflavi Cemi, raÁTa 

Tualsa missa miverido da wyalobasa missa mivemTxÂo 

adgomasa mas yovelTasa. 

da viTarca movelode gansrulebasa keTilTa RmrTisaTa 

Cemda momarT da vityode, [65]Sevhvedro suli Cemi 

dedasa mas Cemsa wmidaTasa ninoÁs. maSin Sehvedra ubiwoÁ 

igi suli misi dambadebelsa TÂssa, rameTu aR-sameesrula 

yoveli mcnebaÁ RmrTisaÁ da swavlaÁ wmidisaÁ 

mis mamis, dedis Zmisa misisaÁ, daguaoblna Cuen axal- 

Sobilni CCÂlni umecarni. da SevZrwundi suliTa da 

Cem Tana yoveli naTesavi CrdiloÁsaÁ, rameTu aRmo-odensrul 

iyo mzÀ da mo-oden-fenil iyo naTeli, dafara 

Rrubelman zamTrisaman Cuengan, xolo igi wmidaÁ yovladve 

naTelsa Sina ars da yovelTa gananTlebs. [66r] 

da ganviZraxe gulsmodgined warmoZrvad guami misi aqa, 

winaSe suetsa naTlisasa, ara vpove RoneÁ yovladve, ver 

ganernes ferÃni cxenTa maTTa da verca SeZra orasman 

kacman cxedari igi, romelsa zeda SeÁsuena. 

maSin davhmarxe guami misi yovladve didebulisaÁ 

bods, dabasa kxueTisasa da viglo[v]d :l: dRe sameufoÁT 

CemiTurT. da aRvaSÀne mas zeda eklesiaÁ da ganvadide 

friad. da misiTa oxiTa maqus sasoebaÁ Zisa RmrTisagan 

[66]da sarwmunoebasa zeda wmidisa mamisasa, Zlierisa 

cxovels-myofelisa sulisasa daviZineb da moveli aRdgomasa, 

da Segvedreb sulsa Cemsa yovelTa mgalobelTa 

uflisa mimarT, amen! 

q. anderZi mirian mefisaÁ Zisa TÂsisa 

mimarT revisa da colisa nana deduflisa 

àha esera, me warval, vinaÁca moved. Sen, nana, Tu g[e]ces 

mocalebaÁ cxorebisaÁ Cemsa Semdgomad, ganyav samefoÁ 

Cueni orad da miÁRe samarxosa ninoÁssa JamTa Secvaleb- 

367

isaTÂs, [67r]raÁTa ara [Seiryios] ukunisamde adgili igi~. 

da egreve vedrebda mTavarebiskopozsa, raÁTa dadvas 

didebaÁ mis adgilisaÁ, romeli Rirs ars pativiscemasa. 

xolo Zesa TÂssa aswavebda: àha esera SeÁcvala bneli 

Cueni naTlad da siqaduli Cueni cxorebad, sada hpovne 

queyanasa Sensa Sina vnebani igi, maT igulovdes. da ese 

SvilTa SenTa daamcen, rameTu me vici igi, viTarmed kavkasiaTa 

Sina ara daÁlevian. xolo Sen esre hyofd da Tavi 

Seni Sehvedre suetsa mas zegardamo didebulsa juarsa, 

caTa [67]Cinebulsa, da iyavn Seni mislvaÁ miwad, Zilad 

saukunod sarwmunoebasa zeda wmidisa samebisasa, amen!~ 

368 

aRwerili iakob mRdelisaÁ, romeli Tana hyvanda 

ioane mTavarebiskopozsa, aRmarTebisaTÂs 

patiosnisa juarisa mcxeTas 

da iyo, ode[s] mohkueTes xÀ igi juarisaTÂs da 

moaqunda assa kacsa rto-furcliTurT, Semoaqunda 

qalaqad da mistydeboda eri mwuanisferobasa mas da 

furcloanobasa JamTa zaf[68r]xulis pirisa- 

Ta, oden sxuaÁ yoveli xeÁ Ãmel iyo, xolo igi yovladve 

furcel-daucÂvnel da sul-hamo da xilva-Suenier iyo 

xeÁ ese. da Zirsa zeda aRhmarTes xÀ igi karsa Tana eklesiaÁsasa 

samxriT kerZo da hbervida wyalTagan neli 

niavi da Salvida furcelsa mis xisasa da Zrvida rtoTa 

misTa. da iyo xilvaÁ misi Suenier da sasurvel, viTarca 

smeniT viciT, xisaÁ mis alvisaÁ. da ese moekueTa TTuesa 

martsa :ke:, dResa paraskevsa. da dga xeÁ igi egre :lz: 

dResa da ara SeÁcvala feri furcelman [68]misman, vi- 

Tarca mdgomareman Zirsa zeda TÂssa Tavsa zeda wyaroÁsasa, 

vidremde yovelni xeni maRnarisani SeÁmosnes 

furcliTa da xeni nayofis gamomRebelni SeÁmosnes nayofiTa 

da furcliTa. maSin TTuesa maÁssa :a: Seiqmnes 

juarni ese da SÂdsa misve TTuesa aemarTnes Ãelis 

dadebiTa mefeTaÁTa da sixaruliT, wadierebiT yovlisa 

erisa qarTlisaÁTa. da iyunes eklesiasa Sina da ixiles 

yovelman simravleman qalaqisaman yovelTa maT RameTa 

da aha, Camovidis juari cecxlisaÁ dagÂrgÂnebuli varskulaviTa 

da daadgris zeda eklesiaTa vidre ganTiadmde,

da riJuraJus oden gamovides [69r]misgan ori maskulavi 

da warvidis erTi aRmosavaliT da erTi dasavaliT. da 

igi Tavadi egreve nelad adgebin Ámier kerZo ar[a]gusa 

da daadgris borcusa zeda kldisasa, zemo kerZo, axlos 

wyarosa mas, romeli aRmoadines cremlTa wmidisa ninoÁsTa 

da muniT aRimaRlis zecad. da ese mravalgzis 

ixila yovelman erman macxovarebaÁ RmrTisa CuenisaÁ. 

maSin viwyeT kiTxvad netarisa ninoÁsa, Tu: `raÁ ars 

naberwyali isi da warvidis aRmosavaliT da dasavaliT?~ 

xolo man hrqua: `ganavlinen kacni mTaTa zeda maRal- 

Ta [69] aRmosavalad, vidre kaxeTisa mTamde da dasavalad, 

vidre miawevs Seni sameufoÁ. da odes gamobrwyindnen 

mTiebni igi da yon, Tu sada dgren, munca aRhmarTen orni 

ese juarni qristÀsni~. 

maSin mefeman yo egre da SeÁcvna Tavni mTaTani miwyebiT. 

da dReÁ ese iyo paraskevi da SabaTad ganTeneboda, 

da iyo igive saswauli da iqmna egreve, viTarca yovladve 

Áqmnis. 

xvalis dRe movides dasavlisani, romelni dges TavTa 

zeda quabTa TavisaTa da miuTxres mefes, viTarca gamovida 

varskulavi igi, aRimaRla da miÁwia mTaTa zeda 

TxoTisa gardasavalsa ergus [70r]niaspisasa da daadgra 

adgilsa erTsa da neliad uCino iqmna. egreve movides 

mTiT kxueTisaÁT da uTxres mefesa: `vixileT varskulavi, 

aqaÁT momavali, da daadgra dabasa bods, kxueTisa 

queyanasa~. 

maSin brZana netarman nino: `warixueniT orni igi 

juarni da aRhmarTeT erTi TxoTs, sada-igi gamxila 

RmerTman, da erTi miec salomes, mÃevalsa qristÀssa, da 

aRmarTos uJarmas qalaqsa. da dabaÁ bodi ara wina-aRudges 

qalaqsa mefeTasa, rameTu erisa simravlÀ ars mun. 

bodisa kula dabaÁ TÂT vixilo, saTnoÁ [70]igi adgili 

RmrTisaÁ~. [v]yavT egre, viTarca gÂbrZana dedufalman 

nino. 

xolo ese saswauliTa zecisaÁTa Cinebuli patiosani 

juari mcxeTisaÁ aRvipyarT ÃeliTa kacobriviTa 

da mivediT borcusa mas queSe, wyarosa mas zeda, 

da vaTieT Rame da viloceT RmrTisa mimarT. da netari 

nino cremliTa Seszavebda wyarosa mas da iqmnebodes 

kurnebani da saswaulni didni. 

369

da xvalis dRe aRvediT zeda kldesa mas. da movida 

netari igi borcusa mas da davarda qvaTa zeda da tiroda 

igi, da mefeni da mTavarni, da yovlisa erisa simravlÀ, 

mamaTaÁ [71r]da dedaTaÁ da wulilisa yrmisa tirili da 

zrinvaÁ miÁweoda cadmde, vidremdis mTanica Ãmobdes 

maT Tana. da dasdva Ãeli erTsa qvasa netarman nino da 

mrqua: `moved, Senda jer ars, daswere juari qvasa amas~. 

da vyav egre. da mun aRmarTa juari igi didebuli netarman 

nino da mefeTa. da dadrka yoveli igi simravlÀ 

erTa uricxuTaÁ da Tayuanis-sces juarsa, da aRiares 

juarcumuli igi WeSmaritad Zed RmrTisad cxovelisa, 

da hrwmena samebiT didebuli igi, amen! 

xolo dedani igi mTavarni arasada ganeSorebodes 

eklesiasa wmidisa [71]suetisa cxovelisasa naTlisasa 

da juarsa mas patiosansa cxovelsa, rameTu hxedvides 

saswaulTa maT uzomoTa da kurnebaTa maT miuTxrobel- 

Ta. dauteva nino mcxeTaÁ qalaqi da warvida mTeuleTa 

xarebad pirutyusaxeTa maT kacTa da Semusrvad kerpTa 

maTTa. xolo aqa Sina dauteva huriaÁ igi mRdeli abia- 

Tar, romeli iyo meorÀ pavlÀ, romeli ara dascxreboda 

dRÀ da Rame qadagebasa qristÀssa da didebasa missa, 

vidremdis sivltolad iwyes huriaTa maT. [72r]xolo baginisaTÂs 

ÁZulebn mefesa, raÁTa ara SeZran naSenebi misi, 

rameTu vidre ara gamoCinebul iyo axali madli queyanasa 

amass, mun Sina iyo didebul saxeli saukunoÁsaÁ mis. 

da erCda mefÀ misTa dReTa da iyunes mun Sina mRdelad 

eliozis naTesavni huriaTa zeda. 

saxeliTa RmrTisaÁTa, ese wigni qarTlis moqcevisani 

me, arSoSa-yofilman iovane, Sevwiren wmidasa mTasa sinasa 

salocvelad SvilTa CemTaTÂs _ demetri, adrne[r] 

se da nerse, da saÃseneblad sulisa CemisaTus. locva 

yavT, amen! 

qriste, Seiwyale iovane, amen! 

[72]saxeliTa RmrTisaÁTa, daesrula wmidisa ninoÁsi, 

locva yavT! 

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3 sarCevi

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